Model XC0900A-05 Rev D 5 dB Directional Coupler Description The XC0900A-05 is a low profile, high performance 5dB directional coupler in a new easy to use, manufacturing friendly surface mount package. It is designed for AMPS band applications. The XC0900A-05 is designed particularly for non-binary split and combine in high power amplifiers, e.g. used along with a 3dB to get a 3-way, plus other signal distribution applications where low insertion loss is required. It can be used in high power applications up to 250 Watts. Parts have been subjected to rigorous qualification testing and they are manufactured using materials with coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) compatible with common substrates such as FR4, G-10, RF-35, RO4350, and polyimide. Available in both 5 of 6 tin lead (XC0900A-05P) and 6 of 6 tin immersion (XC0900A-05S) RoHS compliant finishes. Electrical Specifications ** Mean Frequency Coupling Features: • 800 – 1000 MHz • AMPS • High Power • Very Low Loss • Tight Coupling • High Directivity • Production Friendly • Tape and Reel • Available in Lead-Free (as illustrated) or Tin-Lead • Reliable, FIT=0.53 Insertion Loss VSWR MHz dB dB Max Max : 1 800-1000 869-894 925-960 5.0 ± 0.35 5.0 ± 0.25 5.0 ± 0.25 Frequency Sensitivity 0.19 0.15 0.15 1.19 1.12 1.12 Directivity Power Phase Balance Degrees 90±2.0 90±2.0 90±2.0 Operating Temp. ΘJC dB Min dB Max Avg. CW Watts ºC/Watt ºC 21 23 23 ± 0.25 ± 0.05 ± 0.05 200 250 250 12.5 12.5 12.5 -55 to +95 -55 to +95 -55 to +95 **Specification based on performance of unit properly installed on Anaren Test Board 58481-0001 with small signal applied. Specifications subject to change without notice. Refer to parameter definitions for details. Top View (Near-Side) .560±.010 [14.22±0.25] Pin 1 Denotes Array Number .064±.006 [1.62±0.15] Pin 2 Pin 2 .350±.010 [8.89±0.25] .220±.004 [5.59±0.10] 4X .040±.004 [1.02±0.10] Pin 1 GND Orientation Marker Denotes Pin 1 Pin 4 Bottom View (Far-Side) Side View GND Dimensions are in Inches [Millimeters] XC0900A-05* Mechanical Outline Pin 3 Pin 3 4X .059±.004 SQ [1.50±0.10] .430±.004 [10.92±0.10] Pin 4 * For RoHS Compliant Versions order with S suffix Tolerances are Non-Cumulative Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Directional Coupler Pin Configuration The XC0900A-05 has an orientation marker to denote Pin 1. Once port one has been identified the other ports are known automatically. Please see the chart below for clarification: Pin 1 Input Isolated Direct Coupled Pin 2 Isolated Input Coupled Direct Pin 3 Direct Coupled Input Isolated Pin 4 Coupled Direct Isolated Input Note: The direct port has a DC connection to the input port and the coupled port has a DC connection to the isolated port. USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Insertion Loss and Power Derating Curves Typical Insertion Loss Derating Curve for XC0900A-05 Power Derating Curve for XC0900A-05 0 350 typical insertion loss (f=894MHz) typical insertion loss (f=960MHz) typical insertion loss (f=1000MHz) 300 -0.04 275 -0.06 250 225 -0.08 -0.1 -0.12 200 175 150 125 -0.14 100 -0.16 75 50 -0.18 -0.2 -100 power handling at 894MHz power handling at 960MHz power handling at 1000MHz 325 P o w e r (W a t t s ) I n s e rt io n L o s s (d B ) -0.02 25 -50 0 50 100 150 200 Temperature of the Part (ºC) 250 300 0 350 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 Base Plate Temperature (ºC) Insertion Loss Derating: Power Derating: The insertion loss, at a given frequency, of a group of couplers is measured at 25°C and then averaged. The measurements are performed under small signal conditions (i.e. using a Vector Network Analyzer). The process is repeated at 95°C, 150°C, and 200°C. A bestfit line for the measured data is computed and then plotted from -55°C to 300°C. The power handling and corresponding power derating plots are a function of the thermal resistance, mounting surface temperature (base plate temperature), maximum continuous operating temperature of the coupler, and the thermal insertion loss. The thermal insertion loss is defined in the Power Handling section of the data sheet. As the mounting interface temperature approaches the maximum continuous operating temperature, the power handling decreases to zero. Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Typical Performance (-55°C, 25°C and 95°C): 800-1000 MHz Return Loss for XC0900A-05 (Feeding Port 1) Return Loss for XC0900A-05 (Feeding Port 2) 0 0 - 55ºC 25ºC 95ºC -10 -10 -15 -15 -20 -25 -30 -20 -25 -30 -35 -35 -40 -40 -45 -45 -50 800 820 840 860 880 900 920 Frequency (MHz) 940 960 980 - 55ºC 25ºC 95ºC -5 R e t u rn L o s s (d B ) R e t u rn L o s s (d B ) -5 -50 800 1000 820 Return Loss for XC0900A-05 (Feeding Port 3) 880 900 920 Frequency (MHz) 940 960 980 1000 0 - 55ºC 25ºC 95ºC -5 -10 -10 -15 -15 -20 -25 -30 -20 -25 -30 -35 -35 -40 -40 -45 -45 820 840 USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: 860 880 900 920 Frequency (MHz) 940 (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 960 980 - 55ºC 25ºC 95ºC -5 R e t u rn L o s s (d B ) R e t u rn L o s s (d B ) 860 Return Loss for XC0900A-05 (Feeding Port 4) 0 -50 800 840 1000 Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. -50 800 820 840 860 880 900 920 Frequency (MHz) 940 960 980 1000 Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Typical Performance (-55°C, 25°C and 95°C): 800-1000 MHz Coupling for XC0900A-05 (Feeding Port 1) Transmission Loss for XC0900A-05 (Feeding Port 1) -4.5 -1.5 - 55ºC 25ºC 95ºC -4.7 -1.6 -4.8 -1.65 -4.9 -5 -5.1 -5.2 -1.7 -1.75 -1.8 -1.85 -5.3 -1.9 -5.4 -1.95 -5.5 800 820 840 860 880 900 920 Frequency (MHz) 940 960 980 - 55ºC 25ºC 95ºC -1.55 T ra n s m is s io n L o s s (d B ) C o u p lin g (d B ) -4.6 -2 800 1000 820 840 Phase Balance for XC0900A-05 (Feeding Port 1) 880 900 920 Frequency (MHz) 940 960 980 1000 Directivity for XC0900A-05 (Feeding Port 1) 93 0 - 55ºC 25ºC 95ºC 92 - 55ºC 25ºC 95ºC -5 -10 -15 91 D ire c t iv it y (d B ) P h a s e B a la n c e (D e g re e s ) 860 90 89 -20 -25 -30 -35 -40 88 -45 87 800 820 840 860 880 900 920 Frequency (MHz) 940 960 980 1000 -50 800 820 840 Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. 860 880 900 920 Frequency (MHz) USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: 940 960 980 1000 (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Typical Performance (-55°C, 25°C and 95°C): 800-1000 MHz Ins ertion Los s for XC0900A -05 (Feeding P ort 1) 0 - 55ºC 25ºC 95ºC -0.02 Insertion Loss (dB) -0.04 -0.06 -0.08 -0.1 -0.12 -0.14 -0.16 800 USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: 820 840 (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 860 880 900 920 Frequenc y (M Hz ) Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. 940 960 980 1000 Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Definition of Measured Specifications Parameter Definition VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) The impedance match of the coupler to a 50Ω system. A VSWR of 1:1 is optimal. Return Loss Mean Coupling Insertion Loss Directivity Phase Balance Frequency Sensitivity Mathematical Representation The impedance match of the coupler to a 50Ω system. Return Loss is an alternate means to express VSWR. At a given frequency (ωn), coupling is the input power divided by the power at the coupled port. Mean coupling is the average value of the coupling values in the band. N is the number of frequencies in the band. The input power divided by the sum of the power at the two output ports. The power at the coupled port divided by the power at the isolated port. The difference in phase angle between the two output ports. The decibel difference between the maximum in band coupling value and the mean coupling, and the decibel difference between the minimum in band coupling value and the mean coupling. VSWR = Vmax Vmin Vmax = voltage maxima of a standing wave Vmin = voltage minima of a standing wave Return Loss (dB)= 20log VSWR + 1 VSWR - 1 ⎛ Pin (ω n ) ⎞ ⎟⎟ ⎝ Pcpl (ω n ) ⎠ Coupling (dB) = C (ω n ) = 10 log⎜ ⎜ N Mean Coupling (dB) = 10log ∑ C (ω n =1 n ) N Pin Pcpl + Pdirect 10log Pcpl Piso Phase at coupled port – Phase at direct port Max Coupling (dB) – Mean Coupling (dB) and Min Coupling (dB) – Mean Coupling (dB) Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Notes on RF Testing and Circuit Layout The XC0900A-05 Surface Mount Couplers require the use of a test fixture for verification of RF performance. This test fixture is designed to evaluate the coupler in the same environment that is recommended for installation. Enclosed inside the test fixture, is a circuit board that is fabricated using the recommended footprint. The part being tested is placed into the test fixture and pressure is applied to the top of the device using a pneumatic piston. A four port Vector Network Analyzer is connected to the fixture and is used to measure the S-parameters of the part. Worst case values for each parameter are found and compared to the specification. These worst case values are reported to the test equipment operator along with a Pass or Fail flag. See the illustrations below. 3 & 5 dB Test Board 10 & 20 dB Test Board Test Board In Fixture Test Station USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. Model XC0900A-05 Rev D The effects of the test fixture on the measured data must be minimized in order to accurately determine the performance of the device under test. If the line impedance is anything other than 50Ω and/or there is a discontinuity at the microstrip to SMA interface, there will be errors in the data for the device under test. The test environment can never be “perfect”, but the procedure used to build and evaluate the test boards (outlined below) demonstrates an attempt to minimize the errors associated with testing these devices. The lower the signal level that is being measured, the more impact the fixture errors will have on the data. Parameters such as Return Loss and Isolation/Directivity, which are specified as low as 27dB and typically measure at much lower levels, will present the greatest measurement challenge. The test fixture errors introduce an uncertainty to the measured data. Fixture errors can make the performance of the device under test look better or worse than it actually is. For example, if a device has a known return loss of 30dB and a discontinuity with a magnitude of –35dB is introduced into the measurement path, the new measured Return Loss data could read anywhere between –26dB and –37dB. This same discontinuity could introduce an insertion phase error of up to 1°. There are different techniques used throughout the industry to minimize the affects of the test fixture on the measurement data. Anaren uses the following design and de-embedding criteria: • Test boards have been designed and parameters specified to provide trace impedances of 50 ±1Ω. Furthermore, discontinuities at the SMA to microstrip interface are required to be less than –35dB and insertion phase errors (due to differences in the connector interface discontinuities and the electrical line length) should be less than ±0.25° from the median value of the four paths. • A “Thru” circuit board is built. This is a two port, microstrip board that uses the same SMA to microstrip interface and has the same total length (insertion phase) as the actual test board. The “Thru” board must meet the same stringent requirements as the test board. The insertion loss and insertion phase of the “Thru” board are measured and stored. This data is used to completely de-embed the device under test from the test fixture. The de-embedded data is available in S-parameter form on the Anaren website (www.anaren.com). Note: The S-parameter files that are available on the anaren.com website include data for frequencies that are outside of the specified band. It is important to note that the test fixture is designed for optimum performance through 2.3GHz. Some degradation in the test fixture performance will occur above this frequency and connector interface discontinuities of –25dB or more can be expected. This larger discontinuity will affect the data at frequencies above 2.3GHz. Circuit Board Layout The dimensions for the Anaren test board are shown below. The test board is printed on Rogers RO4350 material that is 0.030” thick. Consider the case when a different material is used. First, the pad size must remain the same to accommodate the part. But, if the material thickness or dielectric constant (or both) changes, the reactance at the interface to the coupler will also change. Second, the linewidth required for 50Ω will be different and this will introduce a step in the line at the pad where the coupler interfaces with the printed microstrip trace. Both of these conditions will affect the performance of the part. To achieve the specified performance, serious attention must be given to the design and layout of the circuit environment in which this component will be used. If a different circuit board material is used, an attempt should be made to achieve the same interface pad reactance that is present on the Anaren RO4350 test board. When thinner circuit board material is used, the ground plane will be closer to the pad yielding more capacitance for the same size interface pad. The same is true if the dielectric constant of the circuit board material is higher than is used on the Anaren test board. In both of these cases, narrowing the line before the interface pad will introduce a series inductance, which, when properly tuned, will compensate for the extra capacitive reactance. If a thicker circuit board or one with a lower dielectric constant is used, Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Model XC0900A-05 Rev D the interface pad will have less capacitive reactance than the Anaren test board. In this case, a wider section of line before the interface pad (or a larger interface pad) will introduce a shunt capacitance and when properly tuned will match the performance of the Anaren test board. Notice that the board layout for the 3dB and 5dB couplers is different from that of the 10dB and 20dB couplers. The test board for the 3dB and 5dB couplers has all four traces interfacing with the coupler at the same angle. The test board for the 10dB and 20dB couplers has two traces approaching at one angle and the other two traces at a different angle. The entry angle of the traces has a significant impact on the RF performance and these parts have been optimized for the layout used on the test boards shown below. 10 & 20dB Test Board 3 & 5dB Test Board Testing Sample Parts Supplied on Anaren Test Boards If you have received a coupler installed on an Anaren produced microstrip test board, please remember to remove the loss of the test board from the measured data. The loss is small enough that it is not of concern for Return Loss and Isolation/Directivity, but it should certainly be considered when measuring coupling and calculating the insertion loss of the coupler. An S-parameter file for a “Thru” board (see description of “Thru” board above) will be supplied upon request. As a first order approximation, one should consider the following loss estimates: Frequency Band 800 – 1000 MHz 1700 – 2300 MHz Avg. Ins. Loss of Test Board @ 25°C ~ 0.07dB ~ 0.12dB For example, a 1900MHz, 10dB coupler on a test board may measure –10.30dB from input to the coupled port at some frequency, F1. When the loss of the test board is removed, the coupling at F1 becomes -10.18dB (-10.30dB + 0.12dB). This compensation must be made to both the coupled and direct path measurements when calculating insertion loss. The loss estimates in the table above come from room temperature measurements. It is important to note that the loss of the test board will change with temperature. This fact must be considered if the coupler is to be evaluated at other temperatures. USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Peak Power Handling High-Pot testing of these couplers during the qualification procedure resulted in a minimum breakdown voltage of 1.7KV (minimum recorded value). This voltage level corresponds to a breakdown resistance capable of handling at least 12dB peaks over average power levels, for very short durations. The breakdown location consistently occurred across the air interface at the coupler contact pads (see illustration below). The breakdown levels at these points will be affected by any contamination in the gap area around these pads. These areas must be kept clean for optimum performance. It is recommended that the user test for voltage breakdown under the maximum operating conditions and over worst case modulation induced power peaking. This evaluation should also include extreme environmental conditions (such as high humidity). Orientation Marker A printed circular feature appears on the top surface of the coupler to designate Pin 1. This orientation marker is not intended to limit the use of the symmetry that these couplers exhibit but rather to facilitate consistent placement of these parts into the tape and reel package. This ensures that the components are always delivered with the same orientation. Refer to the table on page 2 of the data sheet for allowable pin configurations. Test Plan Xinger II couplers are manufactured in large panels and then separated. A sample population of parts is RF small signal tested at room temperature in the fixture described above. All parts are DC tested for shorts/opens. (See “Qualification Flow Chart” section for details on the accelerated life test procedures.) Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Power Handling The average power handling (total input power) of a Xinger coupler is a function of: • • • • Internal circuit temperature. Unit mounting interface temperature. Unit thermal resistance Power dissipated within the unit. All thermal calculations are based on the following assumptions: • • • • • • The unit has reached a steady state operating condition. Maximum mounting interface temperature is 95oC. Conduction Heat Transfer through the mounting interface. No Convection Heat Transfer. No Radiation Heat Transfer. The material properties are constant over the operating temperature range. Finite element simulations are made for each unit. The simulation results are used to calculate the unit thermal resistance. The finite element simulation requires the following inputs: • • • • • Unit material stack-up. Material properties. Circuit geometry. Mounting interface temperature. Thermal load (dissipated power). The classical definition for dissipated power is temperature delta (ΔT) divided by thermal resistance (R). The dissipated power (Pdis) can also be calculated as a function of the total input power (Pin) and the thermal insertion loss (ILtherm): − ILtherm ⎛ ΔT = Pin ⋅ ⎜⎜1 − 10 10 Pdis = R ⎝ ⎞ ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ (W ) Power flow and nomenclature for an “X” style coupler is shown in Figure 1. USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. (1) Model XC0900A-05 Rev D PIn Input Port POut (RL) POut (ISO) Isolated Port Pin 1 Coupled Port Pin 4 Direct Port POut(CPL) POut (DC) Figure 1 The coupler is excited at the input port with Pin (watts) of power. Assuming the coupler is not ideal, and that there are no radiation losses, power will exit the coupler at all four ports. Symbolically written, Pout(RL) is the power that is returned to the source because of impedance mismatch, Pout(ISO) is the power at the isolated port, Pout(CPL) is the power at the coupled port, and Pout(DC) is the power at the direct port. At Anaren, insertion loss is defined as the log of the input power divided by the sum of the power at the coupled and direct ports: Note: in this document, insertion loss is taken to be a positive number. In many places, insertion loss is written as a negative number. Obviously, a mere sign change equates the two quantities. ⎞ ⎛ Pin ⎟ IL = 10 ⋅ log10 ⎜ ⎟ ⎜P ⎝ out ( CPL ) + Pout ( DC ) ⎠ (dB) (2) In terms of S-parameters, IL can be computed as follows: 2 2 IL = −10 ⋅ log10 ⎛⎜ S31 + S 41 ⎞⎟ ⎝ ⎠ (dB) (3) We notice that this insertion loss value includes the power lost because of return loss as well as power lost to the isolated port. For thermal calculations, we are only interested in the power lost “inside” the coupler. Since Pout(RL) is lost in the source termination and Pout(ISO) is lost in an external termination, they are not be included in the insertion loss for thermal calculations. Therefore, we define a new insertion loss value solely to be used for thermal calculations: Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Model XC0900A-05 Rev D ⎞ ⎛ Pin ⎟ ILtherm = 10 ⋅ log10 ⎜ ⎟ ⎜P P P P + + + out ( DC ) out ( ISO ) out ( RL ) ⎠ ⎝ out ( CPL ) ( dB ) (4) In terms of S-parameters, ILtherm can be computed as follows: 2 2 2 2 ILtherm = −10 ⋅ log10 ⎛⎜ S11 + S 21 + S 31 + S 41 ⎞⎟ ⎝ ⎠ ( dB ) (5) The thermal resistance and power dissipated within the unit are then used to calculate the average total input power of the unit. The average total steady state input power (Pin) therefore is: Pin = Pdis − ILtherm ⎛ ⎜1 − 10 10 ⎜ ⎝ ⎞ ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ = ΔT R − ILtherm ⎛ ⎜1 − 10 10 ⎜ ⎝ ⎞ ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ (W ) (6) Where the temperature delta is the circuit temperature (Tcirc) minus the mounting interface temperature (Tmnt): ΔT = Tcirc − Tmnt ( oC ) (7) The maximum allowable circuit temperature is defined by the properties of the materials used to construct the unit. Multiple material combinations and bonding techniques are used within the Xinger II product family to optimize RF performance. Consequently the maximum allowable circuit temperature varies. Please note that the circuit temperature is not a function of the Xinger case (top surface) temperature. Therefore, the case temperature cannot be used as a boundary condition for power handling calculations. Due to the numerous board materials and mounting configurations used in specific customer configurations, it is the end users responsibility to ensure that the Xinger II coupler mounting interface temperature is maintained within the limits defined on the power derating plots for the required average power handling. Additionally appropriate solder composition is required to prevent reflow or fatigue failure at the RF ports. Finally, reliability is improved when the mounting interface and RF port temperatures are kept to a minimum. The power-derating curve illustrates how changes in the mounting interface temperature result in converse changes of the power handling of the coupler. USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Mounting Coupler Mounting Process In order for Xinger surface mount couplers to work optimally, there must be 50Ω transmission lines leading to and from all of the RF ports. Also, there must be a very good ground plane underneath the part to ensure proper electrical performance. If either of these two conditions is not satisfied, electrical performance may not meet published specifications. The process for assembling this component is a conventional surface mount process as shown in Figure 1. This process is conducive to both low and high volume usage. Overall ground is improved if a dense population of plated through holes connect the top and bottom ground layers of the PCB. This minimizes ground inductance and improves ground continuity. All of the Xinger hybrid and directional couplers are constructed from ceramic filled PTFE composites which possess excellent electrical and mechanical stability having X and Y thermal coefficient of expansion (CTE) of 17-25 ppm/oC. When a surface mount hybrid coupler is mounted to a printed circuit board, the primary concerns are; ensuring the RF pads of the device are in contact with the circuit trace of the PCB and insuring the ground plane of neither the component nor the PCB is in contact with the RF signal. Mounting Footprint To ensure proper electrical and thermal performance there must be a ground plane with 100% solder connection underneath the part Figure 1: Surface Mounting Process Steps Storage of Components: The Xinger II products are available in either an immersion tin or tin-lead finish. Commonly used storage procedures used to control oxidation should be followed for these surface mount components. The storage temperatures should be held between 15OC and 60OC. Substrate: Depending upon the particular component, the circuit material has an x and y coefficient of thermal expansion of between 17 and 25 ppm/°C. This coefficient minimizes solder joint stresses due to similar expansion rates of most commonly used board substrates such as RF35, RO4350, FR4, polyimide and G-10 materials. Mounting to “hard” substrates (alumina etc.) is possible depending upon operational temperature requirements. The solder surfaces of the coupler are all copper plated with either an immersion tin or tin-lead exterior finish. Solder Paste: All conventional solder paste formulations will work well with Anaren’s Xinger II surface mount components. Solder paste can be applied with stencils or syringe dispensers. An example of a stenciled solder paste deposit is shown in Figure 2. As shown in the figure solder paste is applied to the four RF pads and the entire ground plane underneath the body of the part. .430 [10.92] 4X .040 [1.02] 4X .066 SQ [1.68] Multiple plated thru holes to ground .220 [5.59] 4X 50 Ω Transmission Line Dimensions are in Inches [Millimeters] XC0900A-05* Mounting Footprint Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Reflow: The surface mount coupler is conducive to most of today’s conventional reflow methods. A low and high temperature thermal reflow profile are shown in Figures 5 and 6, respectively. Manual soldering of these components can be done with conventional surface mount non-contact hot air soldering tools. Board pre-heating is highly recommended for these selective hot air soldering methods. Manual soldering with conventional irons should be avoided. Figure 2: Solder Paste Application Coupler Positioning: The surface mount coupler can be placed manually or with automatic pick and place mechanisms. Couplers should be placed (see Figure 3 and 4) onto wet paste with common surface mount techniques and parameters. Pick and place systems must supply adequate vacuum to hold a 0.50-0.55 gram coupler. Figure 3: Component Placement Figure 4: Mounting Features Example USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Figure 5 – Low Temperature Solder Reflow Thermal Profile Figure 6 – High Temperature Solder Reflow Thermal Profile Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Qualification Flow Chart USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Application Information The XC0900A-05 is an “X” style 5dB coupler. Port configurations are defined in the table on page 2 of this data sheet and an example driving port 1 is shown below. Note that this is not an “H” style coupler like the older 5dB Xinger couplers (such as the 1D1304-5 and 1A1305-5). The change was made to allow better placement of the termination resistors when the coupler is used in a serial splitter/combiner network. Ideal Coupler Operation 1V 1 4 0.562V∠θ (-5dB) 2 3 0.827V ∠θ -90 (-1.65dB) Isolated Port The primary application for 5dB couplers is in serial splitting and combining networks. These networks are often employed when the combining of 3 amplifiers is required. Unlike corporate networks, serial networks are not limited to n binary divisions (corporate networks are limited to 2 number of splits, where n is an integer). Serial networks can be designed with [3, 4, 5, ….., n] splits, but have a practical limitation of about 8 splits. A 5dB coupler is used in conjunction with a 3dB coupler to build 3-way splitter/combiner networks. An ideal version of this network is illustrated below. Note what is required; a 50% split (i.e. 3dB coupler) and a 66% and 33% split (which is actually a 4.77dB coupler, but due to losses in the system higher coupler values, such as 5dB, are actually better suited for this function). The design of this type of circuit requires special attention to the losses and phase lengths of the components and the interconnecting lines. A more in depth look at serial networks can be found in the article “Designing In-Line Divider/Combiner Networks” by Samir Tozin, which describes the circuit design in detail and can be found in the White Papers Section of the Anaren website, www.anaren.com. 3-Way Ideal Serial Splitter/Combiner Network Pin 5 dB (4.77) coupler 1/3 Pin 1/3 Pin 3 dB coupler * 50Ω Termination G=1 2/3 Pin * 50Ω Termination 1/3 Pin 2/3 Pin 1/3 Pin G=1 3 dB coupler * 50Ω Termination 5 dB (4.77) coupler 1/3 Pin 1/3 Pin Pout G=1 *Recommended Terminations Power (Watts) Model 8 RFP-060120A15Z50 15 RFP-250375A4Z50 50 RFP-375375A6Z50 100 RFP-500500A6Z50 USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392 * 50Ω Termination Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. Model XC0900A-05 Rev D Packaging and Ordering Information Parts are available in both reel and tube. Packaging follows EIA 481-2. Parts are oriented in tape and reel as shown below. Minimum order quantities are 2000 per reel and 30 per tube. See Model Numbers below for further ordering information. XX XXXX X - XX X Xinger Coupler XC Frequency (MHz) Size (Inches) 0450 = 410-480 0900 = 800-1000 1900 = 1700-2000 2100 = 2000-2300 2500 = 2300-2700 3500 = 3300-3700 A = 0.56 x 0.35 B = 1.0 x 0.50 E = 0.56 x 0.20 L = 0.65 x 0.48 M= 0.40 x 0.20 P = 0.25 x 0.20 Available on Tape and Reel for Pick and Place Manufacturing. Coupling Value 03 = 3dB 05 = 5dB 10 = 10dB 20 = 20dB 30 = 30dB USA/Canada: Toll Free: Europe: Plating Finish P = Tin Lead S = Immersion Tin (315) 432-8909 (800) 411-6596 +44 2392-232392