LM78XX Series Voltage Regulators General Description The LM78XX series of three terminal regulators is available with several fixed output voltages making them useful in a wide range of applications. One of these is local on card regulation, eliminating the distribution problems associated with single point regulation. The voltages available allow these regulators to be used in logic systems, instrumentation, HiFi, and other solid state electronic equipment. Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents. The LM78XX series is available in an aluminum TO-3 package which will allow over 1.0A load current if adequate heat sinking is provided. Current limiting is included to limit the peak output current to a safe value. Safe area protection for the output transistor is provided to limit internal power dissipation. If internal power dissipation becomes too high for the heat sinking provided, the thermal shutdown circuit takes over preventing the IC from overheating. Considerable effort was expanded to make the LM78XX series of regulators easy to use and minimize the number of external components. It is not necessary to bypass the out- put, although this does improve transient response. Input bypassing is needed only if the regulator is located far from the filter capacitor of the power supply. For output voltage other than 5V, 12V and 15V the LM117 series provides an output voltage range from 1.2V to 57V. Features n n n n n n Output current in excess of 1A Internal thermal overload protection No external components required Output transistor safe area protection Internal short circuit current limit Available in the aluminum TO-3 package Voltage Range LM7805C 5V LM7812C 12V LM7815C 15V Connection Diagrams Metal Can Package TO-3 (K) Aluminum Plastic Package TO-220 (T) DS007746-3 DS007746-2 Bottom View Order Number LM7805CK, LM7812CK or LM7815CK See NS Package Number KC02A © 2000 National Semiconductor Corporation DS007746 Top View Order Number LM7805CT, LM7812CT or LM7815CT See NS Package Number T03B www.national.com LM78XX Series Voltage Regulators May 2000 LM78XX Schematic DS007746-1 www.national.com 2 Maximum Junction Temperature (K Package) (T Package) Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) TO-3 Package K TO-220 Package T If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Input Voltage (VO = 5V, 12V and 15V) Internal Power Dissipation (Note 1) Operating Temperature Range (TA) 35V Internally Limited 0˚C to +70˚C Electrical Characteristics LM78XXC 150˚C 150˚C −65˚C to +150˚C 300˚C 230˚C (Note 2) 0˚C ≤ TJ ≤ 125˚C unless otherwise noted. Symbol VO Output Voltage 5V 12V Input Voltage (unless otherwise noted) 10V 19V Parameter Output Voltage Conditions Min Tj = 25˚C, 5 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A 4.8 PD ≤ 15W, 5 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A 4.75 VMIN ≤ VIN ≤ VMAX ∆VO Line Regulation IO = 500 mA 5 4 4 mV Tj = 25˚C IO ≤ 1A (17.5 ≤ VIN ≤ 30) 120 (15 ≤ VIN ≤ 27) 150 (18.5 ≤ VIN ≤ 30) 120 (14.6 ≤ VIN ≤ 27) 25 150 150 (17.7 ≤ VIN ≤ 30) V mV V mV V 60 75 (8 ≤ VIN ≤ 12) (16 ≤ VIN ≤ 22) (20 ≤ VIN ≤ 26) V 10 12 12 5 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1.5A Tj = 25˚C 50 120 mV 150 mV 25 60 75 mV 50 120 150 mV 8 8 8 mA 8.5 8.5 8.5 mA Quiescent Current 5 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A 0.5 0.5 0.5 mA Change Tj = 25˚C, IO ≤ 1A 1.0 1.0 1.0 mA VMIN ≤ VIN ≤ VMAX (7.5 ≤ VIN ≤ 20) (14.8 ≤ VIN≤ 27) 1.0 1.0 IO ≤ 500 mA, 0˚C ≤ Tj ≤ +125˚C VMIN ≤ VIN ≤ VMAX VN 120 14.5 ≤ VIN ≤ 30) 50 0˚C ≤ Tj ≤ +125˚C ∆IQ 50 (7.5 ≤ VIN ≤ 20) 5 mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, 0˚C ≤ Tj ≤ +125˚C Quiescent Current V V 3 250 mA ≤ IO ≤ 750 mA IQ 15.6 15.75 V 0˚C ≤ Tj ≤ +125˚C Tj = 25˚C 15 (17.5 ≤ VIN ≤ 30) (8 ≤ VIN ≤ 20) ∆VIN 12.5 14.4 Units Typ Max 12.6 14.25 50 ∆VIN Load Regulation 12 Min (14.5 ≤ VIN ≤ 27) (7 ≤ VIN ≤ 25) ∆VIN ∆VO 11.5 23V Typ Max 5.25 11.4 0˚C ≤ Tj ≤ +125˚C IO ≤ 1A 5.2 Min (7.5 ≤ VIN ≤ 20) Tj = 25˚C ∆VIN Typ Max 15V Output Noise Voltage f = 120 Hz 1.0 V mA (7 ≤ VIN ≤ 25) (14.5 ≤ VIN≤ 30) (17.5 ≤ VIN ≤ 30) V 40 75 90 µV 70 dB TA =25˚C, 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 100 kHz Ripple Rejection (17.9 ≤ VIN ≤ 30) IO ≤ 1A, Tj = 25˚C or 62 IO ≤ 500 mA 62 80 55 72 55 54 54 dB 0˚C ≤ Tj ≤ +125˚C VMIN ≤ VIN ≤ VMAX RO Dropout Voltage Tj = 25˚C, IOUT = 1A Output Resistance f = 1 kHz 3 (8 ≤ VIN ≤ 18) (15 ≤ VIN ≤ 25) (18.5 ≤ VIN ≤ 28.5) 2.0 2.0 2.0 V 8 18 19 mΩ V www.national.com LM78XX Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 3) LM78XX Electrical Characteristics LM78XXC (Note 2) (Continued) 0˚C ≤ TJ ≤ 125˚C unless otherwise noted. Symbol VIN Output Voltage 5V 12V Input Voltage (unless otherwise noted) 10V 19V Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Min Typ Max 15V 23V Min Units Typ Max Short-Circuit Current Tj = 25˚C 2.1 1.5 1.2 A Peak Output Current Tj = 25˚C 2.4 2.4 2.4 A Average TC of VOUT 0˚C ≤ Tj ≤ +125˚C, IO = 5 mA 0.6 1.5 1.8 mV/˚C Tj = 25˚C, IO ≤ 1A 7.5 Input Voltage Required to Maintain 14.6 17.7 V Line Regulation Note 1: Thermal resistance of the TO-3 package (K, KC) is typically 4˚C/W junction to case and 35˚C/W case to ambient. Thermal resistance of the TO-220 package (T) is typically 4˚C/W junction to case and 50˚C/W case to ambient. Note 2: All characteristics are measured with capacitor across the input of 0.22 µF, and a capacitor across the output of 0.1µF. All characteristics except noise voltage and ripple rejection ratio are measured using pulse techniques (tw ≤ 10 ms, duty cycle ≤ 5%). Output voltage changes due to changes in internal temperature must be taken into account separately. Note 3: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see Electrical Characteristics. www.national.com 4 LM78XX Typical Performance Characteristics Maximum Average Power Dissipation Maximum Average Power Dissipation DS007746-5 Peak Output Current DS007746-6 Output Voltage (Normalized to 1V at TJ = 25˚C) DS007746-7 Ripple Rejection DS007746-8 Ripple Rejection DS007746-10 DS007746-9 5 www.national.com LM78XX Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Output Impedance Dropout Voltage DS007746-11 Dropout Characteristics DS007746-12 Quiescent Current DS007746-14 DS007746-13 Quiescent Current DS007746-15 www.national.com 6 LM78XX Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted Aluminum Metal Can Package (KC) Order Number LM7805CK, LM7812CK or LM7815CK NS Package Number KC02A 7 www.national.com LM78XX Series Voltage Regulators Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) TO-220 Package (T) Order Number LM7805CT, LM7812CT or LM7815CT NS Package Number T03B LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. 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