A S7 6 2 0 6 50 m A , U lt r a lo w Ri p p le S te p Do w n D C/ DC Co n v e r te r 1 General Description 2 Key Features Low quiescent current for efficient partial load operation The AS7620 is an easy-to-use, high-efficiency, high-voltage, hysteretic step-down DC-DC converter, operating in asynchronous mode. Its low-power architecture extends hold-up time in batterybacked and critical applications where maximum up-time over a wide input supply voltage range is needed, while still providing for high efficiencies of up to 90% during peak current demands. Wide Supply Voltage Range, 3.6V to 32V 100% Duty Cycle extends operating range Pin-programmable cycle-by-cycle current limit Integrated PMOS eliminates bootstrap capacitor Although the AS7620 is optimized for 24V applications found in industrial and medical systems, its ability to support 100% Duty Cycle makes the AS7620 ideal for applications demanding maximum up-time and soft power fail behavior. In combination with low idle current of only 30µA, on-demand switching reduces operating current at low load currents. Resistor-programmable Early Power Fail Warning Input Power-Good Flag Thermal Shutdown Fixed 3.3V and adjustable output (1.2V to VIN) Small 4x4mm 12-Lead MLPQ Enhanced Power Package By selecting an appropriate inductor value, operating current can be lowered and switching frequencies tuned to certain load conditions. Specified from -40ºC to +125ºC junction and 85ºC maximum ambient temperatures A pin-strapped current limit input minimizes inductor peak current and thus inductor size and cost for any given application. The device further includes output short-circuit protection and thermal shutdown. In shutdown mode, only 1µA (typ) of current is consumed. Figure 1. AS7620 - Block Diagram 3 Applications The AS7620 is suitable for Industrial 24VDC applications like PLCs, robotics; Home Security and Building Control applications; Solidstate utility meters; Signage and LED column power; and Sensor interfaces. VIN LDO Temp SHDN FB Hysteretic Controller Level Shifter Soft-Start + - ISENSE LX ILIM PG VREF + - PF AS7620 VEPF www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 + - Revision 1.18 1 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - P i n A s s i g n m e n t s 4 Pin Assignments 2 LX 3 VEPF PF 10 AS7620 PGND 9 GND 8 GND 7 4 5 6 ILIM GND 11 FB 1 12 GND VIN PG Figure 2. Pin Assignments (Top View) SHDN 4.1 Pin Descriptions Table 1. Pin Descriptions Pin Number Pin Name 1 VIN High Voltage Power Supply Input 2 GND Must be connected to GND 3 LX 4 GND 5 FB Feedback input 6 ILIM Current Limit input 7 SHDN Shutdown input, active low 8 GND Must be connected to GND 9 GND Must be connected to GND 10 PF 11 VEPF 12 PG Pad PGND www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 Description Power Output to Inductor Must be connected to GND Early Power Fail output, open drain, active LOW Comparator voltage input for early power fail warning Power Good, open drain, active HIGH output, monitors feedback voltage Exposed pad. Connect to GND plane to help thermal dissipation Revision 1.18 2 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - A b s o l u t e M a x i m u m R a t i n g s 5 Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses beyond those listed in Table 2 may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in Electrical Characteristics on page 4 is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Table 2. Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Min Max Units Comments Electrical Parameters VIN -0.3 40 V LX -0.3 VIN+0.3 V FB, SHDN -0.3 VIN+0.3 or 5.5 V All other pins except LX, FB and SHDN -0.3 3.6 V Input Current (latch-up immunity) -30 +30 mA Norm: JEDEC 78 kV Norm: MIL 883 E method 3015 W θJA = 32ºC/W for a 4-layer board, 4 vias, TAMB = +70ºC Whichever is lower 1 Electrostatic Discharge Electrostatic Discharge HBM +/- 1 Temperature Ranges and Storage Conditions Package Power Dissipation Storage Temperature 1 -55 Junction Temperature Package body temperature Humidity non-condensing Moisture Sensitive Level 5 150 ºC 150 ºC 260 ºC 85 % 3 The reflow peak soldering temperature (body temperature) specified is in accordance with IPC/ JEDEC J-STD-020“Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification for Non-Hermetic Solid State Surface Mount Devices”. The lead finish for Pb-free leaded packages is matte tin (100% Sn). Represents a max. floor life time of 168h 1. Voltage on pin 7 (SHDN) limited to +5.5V www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 Revision 1.18 3 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - E l e c t r i c a l C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s 6 Electrical Characteristics VOUT=3.3V, LX=10µH, CX=100µF, typical values at VIN= +24V and TAMB= +25ºC (unless otherwise specified). All limits are guaranteed. The parameters with min and max values are guaranteed with production tests or SQC (Statistical Quality Control) methods. Table 3. Electrical Characteristics Symbol Parameter TAMB Operating Temperature Range TJ Operating Junction Temperature VIN VCC VST Conditions Input Voltage Range VEPF, ILIM Start-up Voltage VFB Output Voltage Feedback voltage AS7620-B AS7620-A Controller Hysteresis AS7620-A AS7620-B Typ Units -40 85 ºC -40 125 ºC 32 V 3.6 V 24 -0.3 3.3 V 1.19 Initial, at 25ºC amb. 3.267 Over line, load and temperature 3.218 Initial, at 25ºC amb. 1.178 Over line and temperature 1.166 AS7620-B VHYS Max 3.6 AS7620-A VOUT Min At FB node VIN 3.300 3.333 3.383 1.190 1.202 1.214 3.218 3.300 3.383 8 15 30 22 42 82 V V V V mV VEPF Early Power Fail Threshold at VEPF VPG Power Good Threshold of VFB at FB pin Line Regulation VIN=8V to 24V, RL=200Ω 0.1 %/V Load Regulation 10% to 90% load change 0.9 % IFB IOUT Input Bias Current AS7620-A AS7620-B 91 FB pin 93 3 Output Current ILIM=0V ILIM 1.19 Switch Current Limit 1 ILIM=VOUT 2 ILIM=open At VIN=3.6V tON Minimum On-Time Current limit is not attained to turn off the switch before the minimum on-time expired tOFF Minimum Off-Time IQ Quiescent Current ISHDN 95 % 200 nA 5 µA ILIM/2 mA 192 240 288 576 720 864 800 1000 1200 0.4 0.8 Ω 100 % P-Channel on resistance Maximum Duty Cycle V mA 8 10 12 µs 0.22 0.42 0.62 µs Non-switching 30 45 µA IOUT=500µA 37 Shutdown Current TAMB= +25ºC 1 VLO Shutdown Threshold IIBN Logic Input Bias Current TSHDN Shutdown Temperature 160 ºC TSHDN Hysteresis 10 ºC µA 5 µA SHDN 1 V SHDN 1 µA 1. LX=100µH, CX=10µF, Initial accuracy only. For temperature variation, please refer to performance graphs. 2. VOUT from 1.5V to 3.6V www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 Revision 1.18 4 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - Ty p i c a l O p e r a t i n g C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s 7 Typical Operating Characteristics Figure 3. Efficiency vs. Output Current, VOUT=4.5V Figure 4. PMOS Rdson vs. Temperature 1000 100 900 VIN=12V 800 Rdson (mohm) . Efficiency (%) 90 VIN=5V VIN=24V 80 VIN=32V 70 60 700 600 500 400 300 50 200 100 40 0 -40 -20 30 1 10 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temp (C) 1000 Iout (mA) Figure 5. GND Current vs. IOUT @ TAMB Figure 6. GND Current vs. Temperature @ IOUT=0A 42.0 10000 VIN=24V 100 38.0 VIN=12V IGND (uA) IGND (uA) 1000 VIN=5V VIN=32V VIN=24V 40.0 36.0 34.0 32.0 10 VIN=12V VIN=32V 30.0 VIN=5V 28.0 12 0 80 10 0 Temp (C) Iout (mA) www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 60 1000.0 40 100.0 20 10.0 0 1.0 -4 0 -2 0 1 Revision 1.18 5 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - Ty p i c a l O p e r a t i n g C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s Figure 7. Current Limit Threshold vs. VIN 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Figure 8. Average Switching Frequency vs. VIN 1000000 IOUT=500mA 100000 Fsw (Hz) CL (mA) ILIM FLOATING ILIM VOUT IOUT=50mA 10000 IOUT=5mA 1000 ILIM GND IOUT=500µA 100 5 10 15 20 25 5 7 9 11 13 15 1719 21 23 25 27 29 31 30 Vin (V) Vin (V) Figure 9. Average Switching Frequency vs. IOUT (ILIM=open) Figure 10. Shutdown Current vs. Temperature 1.8 330000 VIN=24V 1.7 270000 1.6 240000 1.5 ISHDN (uA) Fsw (Hz) 300000 VIN=12V 210000 180000 150000 VIN=32V 120000 VIN=5V 1.4 VIN=24V 1.3 1.2 VIN=12V 1.1 90000 1 60000 VIN=5V 0.9 30000 0.8 -40 -20 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 0 20 40 60 Figure 11. Line Regulation @ IOUT=10mA Figure 12. Line Regulation @ IOUT=500mA 0.400% 0.600% 0.300% Vout Variation (%) 0.800% 0.400% 0.200% 0.000% -0.200% -0.400% 0.200% 0.100% 0.000% -0.100% -0.200% -0.600% -0.300% -0.800% -0.400% -10% -10% 10% 10% Vin Variation (%) www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 80 100 120 Temp (C) Iout (mA) Vout Variation (%) VIN=32V Vin Variation (%) Revision 1.18 6 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - Ty p i c a l O p e r a t i n g C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s Figure 13. Load Regulation Figure 14. Line Regulation VOUT=5V @ 10mA 1.000% 0.800% Vout Variation % 0.600% VOUT 0.400% 0.200% 0.000% -0.200% 0.1 1 10 100 1000 -0.400% VIN -0.600% -0.800% -1.000% Iout (mA) Figure 15. Line Regulation VOUT=5V @ 10mA Figure 16. Load Regulation VOUT=5V 10mA→500mA VOUT VIN Note: All measurements taken at VIN=24V, VOUT=3.3V, and TAMB=25ºC using the typical application circuit specified in Figure 17, unless otherwise specified. www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 Revision 1.18 7 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - D e t a i l e d D e s c r i p t i o n 8 Detailed Description Figure 17. System Diagram of AS7620-A with Early Power Fail Warning 3.6V to 32V VIN 3.3V CIN 2.2µF R6 R3 VIN R7 VHYS 10µH LX VOUT R4 VEPF R5 AS7620-A FB D1 COUT 100µF SHDN ILIM PF PG R1 C1 R3 J1 J2 Table 4. AS7620 Output Voltage Options AS7620 AS7620A-BQFT AS7620B-BQFT VOUT ADJ. 3.3V 8.1 Shut Down The device can be shut down by providing a voltage lower than 1V at the SHDN pin (7). In this condition, the consumption is only 1µA (typ). The AS7620 is providing an internally regulated pull-up circuit. No external pull-up resistor shall be used, which could otherwise damage the shutdown input. Connect the SHDN input directly to an open drain port only. 8.2 Soft Start The device implements a soft start by limiting the inrush current into the output choke. Initially, the internal PMOS is turned on until the current reaches the programmed current limit (see Current Limit on page 9) and then is immediately turned off. It will be turned on again when the current approaches 0A. In this time frame, the FB voltage (VFB) will be lower than the reference and so the duty cycle will be driven by the current limit only. 8.3 Regulation Both AS7620-A and AS7620-B are based on a hysteretic control method. Moreover, the switch current is monitored to make the converter always work in discontinuous current mode (DCM). The advantages of this type of control system can be summarized as following: High efficiency even at light load Intrinsically stable Simplicity Readiness during the load transient The internal PMOS is switched on when the VFB is lower than VREF-VHYST/2 and the current is 0A (DCM). The on time will be terminated if the VFB is over VREF+VHYST/2 or if the current limit (CL) is triggered. In practice, considering the most common application conditions (L=10µH ÷ 100µH; C=10µF - 100µF) and setting the CL threshold according to the load, the on time is normally terminated by the CL intervention and the output voltage ripple will stay within 1.25% of the output voltage (typ) or VHYST * VOUT / VREF. www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 Revision 1.18 8 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - D e t a i l e d D e s c r i p t i o n 8.4 VOUT Selection The AS7620-B features a 3.3V fixed output voltage. The AS7620-A provides an adjustable output from 1.2V (VREF) up to virtually VIN (see 100% Duty Cycle Operation on page 11). To select the desired VOUT, the related resistor divider has to be tuned according to the following formula: Rh V OUT = V REF • 1 + ------- Rl (EQ 1) Where: Rh is the high side resistor of the output divider Rl is the resistor of the output divider Note: It is suggested to select resistors in the range of hundreds of kΩ in order to limit the current consumption. 8.5 Current Limit The current is sensed during the on time of the internal PMOS. Three different current limit thresholds can be selected by the ILIM pin: 1. 240mA (typ) ILIM shorted to GND 2. 720mA (typ) ILIM shorted to VOUT (from 1.5V to 3.6V) 3. 1000mA (typ) ILIM floating This threshold is intended as peak current limit. If the current reaches the threshold during the on time, the PMOS is turned off and it will be turned on again only when the current approaches 0A and the feedback voltage is equal or lower than VREF. The maximum output current is ILIM/2. 8.6 Switching Frequency The switching frequency (fsw) changes according to the application conditions and, in particular, to the output current in order to optimize the efficiency in any load condition. Anyway, it is always possible to estimate the fsw during the design process. As described in the Regulation (refer to page 8) – the converter always works in DCM and, normally, the peak current into the inductor is the CL threshold (ILIM). The average of the inductor current must be equal to the output current. The following formula provides the relationship between inductor current and output current: 1 Tsw 1 2 2 ILIM • L • V ( V IN – V OUT ) • V OUT IN IOUT = ---------- • --- • -------------------------------------------------- (EQ 2) Consequently, the fsw can be expressed as following: 2 • IOUT • ( V IN – V OUT ) • V OUT Fsw = --------------------------------------------------------------------------2 ILIM • L • V IN (EQ 3) Figure 18. Chart Illustrating the Fsw vs. IOUT in a Standard Application (VIN=24V, VOUT=3.3V, L=10µH, ILIM=1A) Fsw vs. Iout 300 Fsw (KHz) 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 Iout (A) www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 Revision 1.18 9 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - D e t a i l e d D e s c r i p t i o n 8.7 Power Fail / Power Good AS7620A-B monitors input and output voltage by VEPF (pin 11) and VFB (pin 5) respectively. Two dedicated flags PF (pin 10) and PG (pin 12) are provided outside to inform about early input power fail (active low) and output within regulation. Figure 19 illustrates the typical connection for VEPF. During start up, PF is initially low. By selecting R3, R4, R5 and R6, it is possible to set the desired input voltage threshold above which the input power is considered stable. Once VIN (VDDH in Figure 19) reaches Vinth, PF is released and so an additional voltage contribution from VDD is added at the VPF pin, realizing in fact a hysteresis to eliminate PF oscillation due to power supply noise. Figure 19. Open-Drain Output Stage for Comparator VDD 1.2…3.6 VDDH 3.6…32V R6 Power Fail RON VREF R3 INV + R4 R5 Table 5 provides the resistors values covering all the standard input BUS. The resistors values are 1% commercial values. It is mandatory to use the correct resistors values to guarantee the respect of maximum absolute voltages at EPF and PF pin. VDD has been considered 3.3V. Otherwise EPF pin should be shorted to GND and PF left floating. Terminology: VRST: Reset voltage for the EPF. It is 90% of the Input BUS voltage. VTRIP: Trip voltage for the EPF. It is 80% of the Input BUS voltage. Table 5. EPF Network Selection with Different Input BUS VIN (V) VRST (V) VTRIP (V) R3 (KΩ) R4 (KΩ) R5 (KΩ) R6 (KΩ) 5 4.5 4 365 143 1740 1370 6 5.4 4.8 464 143 1870 1430 9 8.1 7.2 768 140 2050 1580 12 10.8 9.6 1070 140 2100 1650 15 13.5 12 1370 140 2150 1690 20 18 16 1870 140 2210 1740 24 21.6 19.2 2260 140 2260 1740 28 25.3 22.5 2670 140 2260 1740 8.8 Thermal Protection The internal junction temperature is continuously monitored. If it reaches 150ºC (min), the PMOS is turned off. The device can switch again if the temperature is decreased by at least 10ºC. If the over-temperature persists, the device will be shut down again resulting in a hiccup mode for the output power. www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 Revision 1.18 10 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - A p p l i c a t i o n I n f o r m a t i o n 9 Application Information 9.1 Input Capacitors An input capacitor is required to sustain the peak current requested by the turning on of the internal PMOS. When used, the capacitor helps to reduce the noise and saves the input battery life. The input capacitor has to withstand the input RMS current, which can be calculated by the following formula: V OUT • ( V IN – V OUT ) Irms = IOUT • -------------------------------------------------V IN (EQ 4) While designing for wide input/output voltage range, the worst case of Irms=1/2*IOUT must be considered. Suggested capacitors are low ESR OSCON, polymer, aluminum or MLCCs. Tantalum types are not recommended for their weakness in withstanding big inrush currents. 9.2 Output Inductor The inductor together with the output capacitor represents the output filter. Using the AS7620, the inductor is charged and completely discharged at every switching cycle being that the converter is forced to work in DCM. Values from 10µH to 100µH are suitable to work with AS7620 and its selection should consider the following statements: Bigger inductor implies lower fsw Bigger inductor implies lower bandwidth 2 The inductor must be rated to withstand the peak current (ILIM) and the RMS current Irms = ∆IL 2 I OUT + ----------3 9.3 Output Capacitor The output capacitor together with the inductor represents the output filter. The bigger the capacitance is, the lower will be the output ripple. Usually, low ESR MLCCs are preferred as they are inexpensive and small in size. Any value from 10µF is suitable, considering the load transient specifications of the application as well. 9.4 Free Wheeling Diode 1 2 2 ILIM • L V OUT The inductor current is forced through the diode during the off-times. The average current flowing through it is --- • fsw • -----------------------The reverse voltage must be higher than the input voltage and safely it is common to consider 30% more. Normally, a schottky diode is preferred because of its low forward voltage. 9.5 Stability Even though the hysteretic voltage mode is intrinsically stable, an excessive noise at the FB could cause instability. For this reason care must be taken drawing the layout, reducing the noise and shielding the FB path from it. The main noise generator is the switching node, which is commutated from GND to VIN by the internal PMOS and the free wheeling diode and through which a pulse current flows. It is wise to add a MLCC capacitor as close as possible to the VIN pin of the device and provide a wide/short path between the LX pin and the external components (inductor and diode). It is preferable to draw the FB path as far as possible from the LX node and, perhaps, shielding it with a GND track. Another recommendation is to use low ESL output capacitors, thus avoiding electrolytic parts. A big ESL adds a square wave contribution on the FB that can make the device work improperly. 9.6 100% Duty Cycle Operation Thanks to the PMOS structure of the internal switch, the device can actually work at 100% duty cycle. This feature is very helpful during the load transient, because the maximum power can be transferred to the output in order to recover as fastest. The device will try to work at 100% duty whenever the FB voltage is lower than the upper window’s threshold. Moreover, in this condition, the safety is always guaranteed by the current limit. www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 Revision 1.18 11 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - A p p l i c a t i o n I n f o r m a t i o n 9.7 Demo Board A demonstration board is available to test the device functionalities and performance in a standard application. For further information, please refer to the AS7620EB datasheet. Figure 20. Demo Board Photograph www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 Revision 1.18 12 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - P a c k a g e D r a w i n g s a n d M a r k i n g s 10 Package Drawings and Markings Figure 21. 12-pin MLPQ 4x4mm Marking AS7620A AS7620B YYWWXZZ YYWWXZZ @ @ Table 6. Packaging Code YY last two digits of the current year WW manufacturing week www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 X ZZ @ plant identifier free choice / traceability code sublot identifier Revision 1.18 13 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - P a c k a g e D r a w i n g s a n d M a r k i n g s Figure 22. 12-pin MLPQ 4x4mm Package www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 Revision 1.18 14 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet - O r d e r i n g I n f o r m a t i o n 11 Ordering Information The devices are available as the standard products shown in Table 7. Table 7. Ordering Information Ordering Code Marking Output Description Delivery Form Package AS7620-BQFT AS7620A adjustable 500mA Hysteretic High Voltage Step-Down Converter with Dual Power Monitor Tape and Reel 12-pin MLPQ 4x4mm AS7620B-BQFT* AS7620B 3.3V 500mA Hysteretic High Voltage Step-Down Converter with Dual Power Monitor without Output Delay Tape and Reel 12-pin MLPQ 4x4mm *Available on request Note: All products are RoHS compliant. Buy our products or get free samples online at ICdirect: http://www.ams.com/ICdirect Technical Support is found at http://www.ams.com/Technical-Support For further information and requests, please contact us mailto:[email protected] or find your local distributor at http://www.ams.com/distributor www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 Revision 1.18 15 - 16 AS7620 Datasheet Copyrights Copyright © 1997-2011, ams AG, Tobelbaderstrasse 30, 8141 Unterpremstaetten, Austria-Europe. Trademarks Registered ®. All rights reserved. The material herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. All products and companies mentioned are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Disclaimer Devices sold by ams AG are covered by the warranty and patent indemnification provisions appearing in its Term of Sale. ams AG makes no warranty, express, statutory, implied, or by description regarding the information set forth herein or regarding the freedom of the described devices from patent infringement. ams AG reserves the right to change specifications and prices at any time and without notice. Therefore, prior to designing this product into a system, it is necessary to check with ams AG for current information. This product is intended for use in normal commercial applications. Applications requiring extended temperature range, unusual environmental requirements, or high reliability applications, such as military, medical life-support or life-sustaining equipment are specifically not recommended without additional processing by ams AG for each application. For shipments of less than 100 parts the manufacturing flow might show deviations from the standard production flow, such as test flow or test location. The information furnished here by ams AG is believed to be correct and accurate. However, ams AG shall not be liable to recipient or any third party for any damages, including but not limited to personal injury, property damage, loss of profits, loss of use, interruption of business or indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages, of any kind, in connection with or arising out of the furnishing, performance or use of the technical data herein. No obligation or liability to recipient or any third party shall arise or flow out of ams AG rendering of technical or other services. Contact Information Headquarters ams AG Tobelbaderstrasse 30 A-8141 Unterpremstaetten, Austria Tel: +43 (0) 3136 500 0 Fax: +43 (0) 3136 525 01 For Sales Offices, Distributors and Representatives, please visit: http://www.ams.com/contact www.ams.com/DC-DC_Step-Up/AS7620 Revision 1.18 16 - 16