LM9022 Vacuum Fluorescent Display Filament Driver General Description Key Specifications The LM9022 is a bridged power amplifier capable of delivering typically 2W of continuous average power into a 10Ω filament load when powered by a 5V power supply. n IDD during shutdown n Thermal Shutdown Protection To conserve power in portable applications, the LM9022’s micropower shutdown mode (IQ = 0.6µA, typ) is activated when VDD is applied to the SHUTDOWN pin. Features Additional LM9022 features include thermal shutdown protection, unity-gain stability, and external gain set. 0.6µA (typ) n No transformers required n SO or DIP packaging Applications n VCR/DVD Displays n RADIO/TUNER Displays Typical Application TA = 25˚C, VDD = 5V, unless otherwise specified. 20021501 FIGURE 1. Typical Application Circuit Connection Diagram MSOP, Small Outline, and DIP Package 20021502 Top View Order Number LM9022M or LM9022N See NS Package Number M08A or N08E © 2005 National Semiconductor Corporation DS200215 www.national.com LM9022 Vacuum Fluorescent Display Filament Driver August 2005 LM9022 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Vapor Phase (60 sec.) 215˚C Infrared (15 sec.) 220˚C If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. θJC (typ) — M08A 35˚C/W θJA (typ) — M08A 140˚C/W Supply Voltage -0.3V to +6.0V θJC (typ) — N08E 37˚C/W −65˚C to +150˚C θJA (typ) — N08E 107˚C/W Supply Temperature −0.3V to VDD +0.3V Input Voltage Power Dissipation (Note 3) Internally Limited ESD Susceptibility (Note 4) 5000V ESD Susceptibility (Note 5) 250V Junction Temperature Operating Ratings Temperature Range TMIN ≤ TA ≤ TMAX 150˚C −40˚C ≤ TA ≤ 85˚C 2.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5V Supply Voltage Soldering Information Small Outline Package Electrical Characteristics (Notes 1, 2) The following specifications apply for VDD = 5V, VPIN3 = VPIN2, VSHUTDOWN = 0V, and RL = 10Ω unless otherwise specified. Limits apply for TA = 25˚C. LM9022 Symbol IDD Parameter Quiescent Power Supply Current Conditions Min (Note 7) Typical (Note 6) Max (Note 7) Units 6.5 10.0 mA 0.6 2 µA 2.5 2.6 V VIN = 0V, Io = 0A, VSHUTDOWN = 0V Power Supply Current during VSHUTDOWN = VDD (Note 8) shutdown VBP Bypass Pin Voltage VOUT Output Voltage Across RL VIN = 0V 2.4 RL = 10Ω 3.6 4.3 V RL = 20Ω 4.2 4.6 V Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. Electrical Characteristics state DC and AC electrical specifications under particular test conditions which guarantee specific performance limits. This assumes that the device is within the Operating Ratings. Specifications are not guaranteed for parameters where no limit is given, however, the typical value is a good indication of device performance. Note 2: All voltages are measured with respect to the ground pin, unless otherwise specified. Note 3: The maximum power dissipation must be derated at elevated temperatures and is dictated by TJMAX, θJA, and the ambient temperature TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation is PDMAX = (TJMAX–TA)/θJA or the number given in Absolute Maximum Ratings, whichever is lower. For the LM9022, TJMAX = 150˚C. For the θJA’s for different packages, please see the Application Information section or the Absolute Maximum Ratings section. Note 4: Human body model, 100pF discharged through a 1.5kΩ resistor. Note 5: Machine Model, 220pF–240pF discharged through all pins. Note 6: Typicals are specified at 25˚C and represent the parametric norm. Note 7: Limits are guaranteed to National’s AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level) by design, test, or statistical analysis. Note 8: Both outputs are high impedance when in shutdown mode. www.national.com 2 LM9022 Typical Performance Characteristics TA = 25˚C, VDD = 5V, unless otherwise specified. Power Derating Curve Output Saturation Voltage vs Load 20021514 20021515 Open Loop Frequency Response Supply Current vs Supply Voltage 20021520 20021519 Differential Output Voltage vs Load 20021540 3 www.national.com LM9022 summation of the θJC, θCS, and θSA. θJC is the junction to case of the package, θCS is the case to heat sink thermal resistance and θSA is the heat sink to ambient thermal resistance. By adding additional copper area around the LM9022, the θJA can be reduced from its free air value for the SO package. Depending on the ambient temperature, TA, and the θJA, Equation 2 can be used to find the maximum internal power dissipation supported by the IC packaging. If the result of Equation 1 is greater than that of Equation 2, then either the supply voltage must be decreased, the load impedance increased, the θJA decreased, or the ambient temperature reduced. For the typical application of a 5V power supply, with an 10Ω load, and no additional heatsinking, the maximum ambient temperature possible without violating the maximum junction temperature is approximately 61˚C provided that device operation is around the maximum power dissipation point and assuming surface mount packaging. Application Information LM9022 FUNCTIONALITY Typically a VFD filament requires a low voltage AC power source in order to create a constant brightness across its length. Such a power source is not readily available in a most systems. Existing implementations show different circuits for supplying an AC power for a VFD filament but they require an AC power input, or do not have a standby control, or generate high EMI. The LM9022 can solve all these problems in one compact circuit. A DC power supply is employed to power two power operational amplifiers: POA1 and POA2. The first power operational amplifier (POA1) can utilize an external feedback circuit that will cause it self-oscillate. In a second version, POA1 is driven from an external signal source. The shape of the output wave delivered by POA1 can be square, sinusoidal, triangular, trapezoidal, clipped sinusoidal or any other shape, depending on the feedback circuit or the signal source used. The output of this POA1 is connected externally to one end of the VFD filament, and internally to the input of a second power operational amplifier: POA2. POA2 is internally configured as an inverting unity gain circuit. The output of the POA2 is connected to the second end of the VFD filament. This provides a differential and symmetrical AC signal to the fila An external standby control signal applied to the Shutdown pin can be used to turn of both power operational amplifiers. POWER SUPPLY PIN As with any power device, proper supply bypassing is critical for low noise performance. Typical applications will require both a 22µf electrolyte and a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor to bypass the supply pin to ground. These capacitors should be as close to the LM9022 as is physically possible, and are in addition to any capacitors that may be needed for regulator stability. BYPASS PIN The internal bias circuit (Fig 1) generates an internal reference voltage that is typically equal to one half of VDD. This voltage is available at the bypass pin and is applied directly to the non-inverting input of the inverting driver. Typical applications will require a bypass capacitor in the range of 0.1µF to 1µF to bypass the supply pin to ground. This capacitor should be as close to the LM9022 as is physically possible. BRIDGE CONFIGURATION EXPLANATION As shown in Figure 1, the LM9022 has two operational amplifiers internally. Figure 1 shows that the output of amplifier one serves as the input to amplifier two, which results in both amplifiers producing signals identical in magnitude, but 180˚ out of phase. By driving the load differentially through outputs Vo1 and Vo2, an amplifier configuration commonly referred to as “bridged mode” is established. Bridged mode operation is different from the classical single-ended amplifier configuration where one side of its load is connected to ground. A bridge amplifier design has a few distinct advantages over the single-ended configuration, as it provides differential drive to the load, thus doubling output swing for a specified supply voltage. Four times the output power is possible as compared to a single-ended amplifier under the same conditions. SHUTDOWN FUNCTION In order to reduce power consumption while not in use, the LM9022 contains a shutdown pin to externally turn off the amplifier’s bias circuitry. This shutdown feature turns the amplifier off when a logic high is placed on the shutdown pin. The trigger point between a logic low and logic high level is typically half- supply. It is best to switch between ground and supply to provide maximum device performance. By switching the shutdown pin to VDD, the LM9022 supply current draw will be minimized in idle mode. While the device will be disabled with shutdown pin voltages less then VDD, the idle current may be greater than the typical value of 0.6µA. In either case, the shutdown pin should be tied to a definite voltage to avoid unwanted state changes. POWER DISSIPATION For the SO package, θJA = 140˚C/W, for the DIP package, θJA = 107˚C/W, and for the MSOP package, θJA = 210˚C/W assuming free air operation. The θJA can be decreased by using some form of heat sinking. The resultant θJA will be the www.national.com 4 LM9022 Application Information (Continued) 20021544 FIGURE 2. Filament Supply using External Oscillator 20021545 FIGURE 3. Filament Supply using Self Oscillation 5 www.national.com LM9022 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted Order Number LM9022M NS Package Number M08A Order Number LM9022N NS Package Number N08E www.national.com 6 LM9022 Vacuum Fluorescent Display Filament Driver Notes National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications. For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com. LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. BANNED SUBSTANCE COMPLIANCE National Semiconductor manufactures products and uses packing materials that meet the provisions of the Customer Products Stewardship Specification (CSP-9-111C2) and the Banned Substances and Materials of Interest Specification (CSP-9-111S2) and contain no ‘‘Banned Substances’’ as defined in CSP-9-111S2. Leadfree products are RoHS compliant. National Semiconductor Americas Customer Support Center Email: [email protected] Tel: 1-800-272-9959 www.national.com National Semiconductor Europe Customer Support Center Fax: +49 (0) 180-530 85 86 Email: [email protected] Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 69 9508 6208 English Tel: +44 (0) 870 24 0 2171 Français Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 91 8790 National Semiconductor Asia Pacific Customer Support Center Email: [email protected] National Semiconductor Japan Customer Support Center Fax: 81-3-5639-7507 Email: [email protected] Tel: 81-3-5639-7560