ETC TPS60201DGSR

TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
D
features
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Regulated 3.3-V Output Voltage With up to
100 mA Output Current From a 1.8 V to
3.6 V Input Voltage
Less Than 5 mV(PP) Output Voltage Ripple
Achieved With Push-Pull Topology
Integrated Low-Battery and Power-Good
Detector
Switching Frequency Can Be Synchronized
to External Clock Signal
Extends Battery Usage With up to 90%
Efficiency and 35 µA Quiescent Supply
Current
Reliable System Shutdown Because Output
Capacitor Is Discharged When Device Is
Disabled
Easy-To-Design, Low Cost, Low EMI Power
Supply Since No Inductors Are Used
D
D
0.05 µA Shutdown Current, Battery Is
Isolated From Load in Shutdown Mode
Compact Converter Solution in Ultra-Small
10-pin MSOP With Only Four External
Capacitors Required
Evaluation Module Available
(TPS60200EVM-145)
applications
D
Replaces DC/DC Converters With Inductors
in Battery Powered Applications Like:
– Two Battery Cells to 3.3-V Conversion
– MP3 Portable Audio Players
– Battery-Powered Microprocessor
Systems
– Backup-Battery Boost Converters
– PDA’s, Organizers, Cordless Phones
– Handheld Instrumentation
– Glucose Meters and Other Medical
Instruments
·
description
The TPS6020x step-up, regulated charge pumps generate a 3.3-V ± 4% output voltage from a 1.8-V to 3.6-V
input voltage. The devices are typically powered by two Alkaline, NiCd or NiMH battery cells and operate down
to a minimum supply voltage of 1.6 V. Continuous output current is a minimum of 100 mA for the TPS60200 and
TPS60201 and 50 mA for the TPS60202 and TPS60203, all from a 2-V input. Only four external capacitors are
needed to build a complete low-ripple dc/dc converter. The push-pull operating mode of two single-ended
charge pumps assures the low output voltage ripple as current is continuously transferred to the output.
TPS60200
7
IN
OUT
5
R1
Ci
2.2 µ F
1
C1
1 µF
LBI
LBO
3
9
OFF/ON
Co
2.2 µ F
R3
R2
4
OUTPUT
3.3V, 100 mA
C1+
C2+
C1–
C2–
EN
350
10
6
8
TPS60200
PEAK OUTPUT CURRENT
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
300
Low Battery
Warning
C2
1 µF
GND
2
I O – Outout Current – mA
INPUT
1.6V to 3.6V
250
200
150
100
50
Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit
With Low-Battery Warning
0
1.6
2.0
2.4
2.8
3.2
VI – Input Voltage – V
3.6
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
Copyright  2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
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1
TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
description (continued)
The devices operate in the newly developed LinSkip mode. In this operating mode, the device switches
seamlessly from the power saving pulse-skip mode at light loads to the low-noise constant-frequency,
linear-regulation mode once the output current exceeds the LinSkip threshold of about 7-mA. Even in pulse-skip
mode the output ripple is maintained at a very low level because the output resistance of the charge pump is
still regulated.
Three operating modes can be programmed using the EN pin. EN = low disables the device, shuts down all
internal circuits and disconnects the output from the input. EN = high enables the device and programs it to run
from the internal oscillator. The devices operate synchronized to an external clock signal if EN is clocked; thus
switching harmonics can be controlled and minimized. The devices include a low-battery detector that issues a
warning if the battery voltage drops below a user-defined threshold voltage or a power-good detector that goes
active when the output voltage reaches about 90% of its nominal value.
Device options with either a low-battery or power good detector are available. This dc/dc converter requires no
inductors therefore EMI of the system is reduced to a minimum. It is available in the small 10-pin MSOP package
(DGS).
DGS PACKAGES
TPS60201,
TPS60203
TPS60200,
TPS60202
LBI
GND
C1–
C1+
OUT
1
10
2
9
3
8
4
5
7
6
GND
GND
C1–
C1+
OUT
LBO
EN
C2–
IN
C2+
1
10
2
9
3
8
4
7
5
6
PG
EN
C2–
IN
C2+
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
TA
– 40°C to 85°C
PART NUMBER†
MARKING
DGS
PACKAGE
OUTPUT
CURRENT
(mA)
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
(V)
TPS60200DGS
AEX
100
3.3
Low-battery detector
TPS60201DGS
AEY
100
3.3
Power-good detector
TPS60202DGS
AEZ
50
3.3
Low-battery detector
TPS60203DGS
AFA
50
3.3
Power-good detector
DEVICE FEATURES
† The DGS package is available taped and reeled. Add R suffix to device type (e.g. TPS60200DGSR) to order
quantities of 3000 devices per reel.
2
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TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
functional block diagrams
TPS60200 and TPS60202 with low-battery detector
Charge Pump 1
0°
Oscillator
180°
IN
C1+
C1
C1–
EN
Charge Pump 2
Control
Circuit
C2+
_
C2–
C2
+
+
VREF –
Shutdown/
Start-Up
Control
OUT
Auto–
Discharge
_
+
_
LBI
+
+
–
0.8* VIN
+
VREF –
GND
LBO
TPS60201 and TPS60203 with power-good detector
Charge Pump 1
0°
Oscillator
180°
IN
C1+
C1
C1–
EN
Charge Pump 2
Control
Circuit
C2+
_
C2–
C2
+
+
VREF –
Shutdown/
Start-Up
Control
OUT
Auto–
Discharge
_
+
+
–
0.8* VIN
VREF
GND
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_
+
+
–
PG
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3
TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
Terminal Functions
TERMINAL
NAME
NO.
I/O
DESCRIPTION
C1+
4
Positive terminal of the flying capacitor C1
C1–
3
Negative terminal of the flying capacitor C1
C2+
6
Positive terminal of the flying capacitor C2
C2–
8
Negative terminal of the flying capacitor C2
Device-enable input. Three operating modes can be programmed with the EN pin.
EN
9
I
– EN = Low disables the device. Output and input are isolated in the shutdown mode and the output capacitor is
automatically discharged.
– EN = High lets the device run from the internal oscillator.
– If an external clock signal is applied to the EN pin, the device is in Sync–Mode and runs synchronized at the
frequency of the external clock signal.
GND
2
IN
7
I
Ground
Supply input. Bypass IN to GND with a capacitor of the same size as Co.
LBI/GND
1
I
Low-battery detector input for TPS60200 and TPS60202. A low-battery warning is generated at the LBO pin when
the voltage on LBI drops below the threshold of 1.18 V. Connect LBI to GND if the low-battery detector function is
not used. For the devices TPS60201 and TPS60203, this pin has to be connected to ground (GND pin).
LBO/PG
10
O
OUT
5
O
Open-drain low-battery detector output for TPS60200 and TPS60202. This pin is pulled low if the voltage on LBI
drops below the threshold of 1.18 V. A pullup resistor should be connected between LBO and OUT or any other logic
supply rail that is lower than 3.6 V.
Open-drain power-good detector output for TPS60201 and TPS60203. As soon as the voltage on OUT reaches
about 90% of it is nominal value this pin goes active high. A pullup resistor should be connected between PG and
OUT or any other logic supply rail that is lower than 3.6 V.
Regulated 3.3-V power output. Bypass OUT to GND with the output filter capacitor Co.
detailed description
operating principle
The TPS6020x charge pumps provide a regulated 3.3 V output from a 1.8 V to 3.6 V input. They deliver up to
100 mA load current while maintaining the output at 3.3 V ± 4%. Designed specifically for space critical battery
powered applications, the complete converter requires only four external capacitors. The device is using the
push-pull topology to achieve lowest output voltage ripple. The converter is also optimized for smallest board
space. It makes use of small sized capacitors, with the highest output current rating per output capacitance and
package size.
The TPS6020x circuits consist of an oscillator, a 1.18 V voltage reference, an internal resistive feedback circuit,
an error amplifier, two charge pump power stages with high current MOSFET switches, a shutdown/start-up
circuit, a control circuit, and an auto-discharge transistor (see functional block diagrams).
push-pull operating mode
The two single-ended charge pump power stages operate in the so-called push-pull operating mode, i.e. they
operate with a 180°C phase shift. Each single-ended charge pump transfers charge into its transfer capacitor
(C1 or C2) in one half of the period. During the other half of the period (transfer phase), the transfer capacitor
is placed in series with the input to transfer its charge to Co. While one single-ended charge pump is in the charge
phase, the other one is in the transfer phase. This operation assures an almost constant output current which
ensures a low output ripple.
If the clock were to run continuously, this process would eventually generate an output voltage equal to two times
the input voltage (hence the name voltage doubler). In order to provide a regulated fixed output voltage of 3.3
V, the TPS6020x devices use either pulse-skip or constant-frequency linear-regulation control mode. The mode
is automatically selected based on the output current. If the load current is below the LinSkip current threshold,
it switches into the power-saving pulse-skip mode to boost efficiency at low output power.
4
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TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
detailed description (continued)
constant-frequency mode
When the output current is higher then the LinSkip current threshold, the charge pump runs continuously at the
switching frequency f(OSC). The control circuit, fed from the error amplifier, controls the charge on C1 and C2
by controlling the gates and hence the rDS(ON) of the integrated MOSFETs. When the output voltage decreases,
the gate drive increases, resulting in a larger voltage across C1 and C2. This regulation scheme minimizes
output ripple. Since the device switches continuously, the output signal contains well-defined frequency
components, and the circuit requires smaller external capacitors for a given output ripple. However,
constant-frequency mode, due to higher operating current, is less efficient at light loads. For this reason, the
device switches seamlessly into the pulse-skip mode when the output current drops below the LinSkip current
threshold.
pulse-skip mode
The regulator enters the pulse-skip mode when the output current is lower than the LinSkip current threshold
of 7 mA. In the pulse-skip mode, the error amplifier disables switching of the power stages when it detects an
output voltage higher than 3.3 V. The controller skips switching cycles until the output voltage drops below 3.3
V. Then the error amplifier reactivates the oscillator and switching of the power stages starts again. A 30 mV
output voltage offset is introduced in this mode.
The pulse-skip regulation mode minimizes operating current because it does not switch continuously and
deactivates all functions except the voltage reference and error amplifier when the output is higher than 3.3 V.
Even in pulse-skip mode the rDS(ON) of the MOSFETs is controlled. This way the energy per switching cycle that
is transferred by the charge pump from the input to the output is limited to the minimum that is necessary to
sustain a regulated output voltage, with the benefit that the output ripple is kept to a minimum. When switching
is disabled from the error amplifier, the load is also isolated from the input.
start up, shutdown, and auto-discharge
During start-up, i.e. when EN is set from logic low to logic high, the output capacitor is directly connected to IN
and charged up with a limited current until the output voltage VO reaches 0.8 × VI. When the start-up comparator
detects this limit, the converter begins switching. This precharging of the output capacitor guarantees a short
start-up time. In addition, the inrush current into an empty output capacitor is limited. The converter can start
into a full load, which is defined by a 33-Ω or 66-Ω resistor, respectively.
Driving EN low disables the converter. This disables all internal circuits and reduces the supply current to only
0.05 µA. The device exits shutdown once EN is set high. When the device is disabled, the load is isolated from
the input. This is an important feature in battery operated products because it extends the products shelf life.
Additionally, the output capacitor will automatically be discharged after EN is taken low. This ensures that the
system, when switched off, is in a stable and reliable condition since the supply voltage is removed from the
supply pins.
synchronization to an external clock signal
The operating frequency of the charge pump is limited to 400 kHz in order to avoid interference in the sensitive
455 kHz IF band. The device can either run from the integrated oscillator, or an external clock signal can be used
to drive the charge pump. The maximum frequency of the external clock signal is 800 kHz. The switching
frequency used internally to drive the charge pump power stages is half of the external clock frequency. The
external clock signal is applied to the EN-pin. The device will switch off if the signal on EN is hold low for more
than 10 µs.
When the load current drops below the LinSkip current threshold, the devices will enter the pulse-skip mode
but stay synchronized to the external clock signal.
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5
TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
detailed description (continued)
low-battery detector (TPS60200 and TPS60202)
The low-battery comparator trips at 1.18 V ± 4% when the voltage on pin LBI ramps down. The voltage V(TRIP)
at which the low-battery warning is issued can be adjusted with a resistive divider as shown in Figure 2. The
sum of resistors R1 and R2 is recommended to be in the 100 kΩ to 1 MΩ range. When choosing R1 and R2,
be aware of the input leakage current into the LBI pin.
LBO is an open drain output. An external pullup resistor to OUT, or any other voltage rail in the appropriate range,
in the 100 kΩ to 1 MΩ range is recommended. During start-up, the LBO output signal is invalid for the first 500
µs. LBO is high impedance when the device is disabled. If the low-battery comparator function is not used,
connect LBI to ground and leave LBO unconnected. The low-battery detector is disabled when the device is
switched off.
VO
IN
VBAT
R3
R1
LBO
LBI
_
+
VREF
V
(TRIP)
ǒ Ǔ
+ 1.18 V 1 ) R1
R2
R2
+
–
Figure 2. Programming of the Low-Battery Comparator Trip Voltage
A 100 nF ceramic capacitor should be connected in parallel to R2 if large line transients are expected. These
voltage drops can inadvertently trigger the low-battery comparator and produce a wrong low-battery warning
signal at the LBO pin.
Formulas to calculate the resistive divider for low-battery detection, with VLBI = 1.13 V to 1.23 V and the sum
of resistors R1 and R2 equal 1 MΩ:
+ 1 MW VVLBI
Bat
R1 + 1 MW * R2
(1)
R2
(2)
Formulas to calculate the minimum and maximum battery voltage:
V
V
+ VLBI(min)
Bat(min)
+ VLBI(max)
Bat(max)
R1
(min)
R2
R1
) R2(max)
(3)
(max)
(max)
R2
) R2(min)
(4)
(min)
6
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TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
detailed description (continued)
Table 1. Recommended Values for the Resistive Divider From the E96 Series (±1%)
VIN/V
R1/kΩ
R2/kΩ
750
VTRIP(MIN)/V
1.524
VTRIP(MAX)/V
1.677
1.6
267
1.7
301
1.8
340
681
1.620
1.785
649
1.710
1.887
1.9
2.0
374
619
1.799
1.988
402
576
1.903
2.106
power-good detector (TPS60201 and TPS60203)
The power-good output is an open-drain output that pulls low when the output is out of regulation. When the
output rises to within 90% of its nominal voltage, the power-good output is released. Power-good is high
impedance in shutdown. In normal operation, an external pullup resistor must be connected between PG and
OUT, or any other voltage rail in the appropriate range. The resistor should be in the 100 kΩ to 1 MΩ range.
If the PG output is not used, it should remain unconnected.
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)†
Voltage range:
IN, OUT, EN, LBI, LBO, PG to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 3.6 V
C1+, C2+ to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to (VO + 0.3 V)
C1–, C2– to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to (VI + 0.3 V)
Continuous total power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See dissipation rating table
Continuous output current TPS60200, TPS60201 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 mA
Continuous output current TPS60202, TPS60203 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 mA
Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –55°C to 150°C
Maximum junction temperature, TJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150°C
† Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE 1 FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
PACKAGE
TA ≤ 25°C
POWER RATING
DGS
424 mW
DERATING FACTOR
ABOVE TA = 25°C
3.4 mW/_C
TA = 70°C
POWER RATING
TA = 85°C
POWER RATING
187 mW
136 mW
The thermal resistance junction to ambient of the DGS package is RTH–JA = 294°C/W.
recommended operating conditions
MIN
Input voltage range, VI
Input capacitor, Ci
Flying capacitors, C1, C2
Output capacitor, Co
Operating junction temperature, TJ
–40
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NOM
1.6
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
MAX
3.6
UNIT
V
2.2
µF
1
µF
2.2
µF
125
°C
7
TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
electrical characteristics at Ci= 2.2 µF, C1 = C2= 1 µF, Co = 2.2 µF, TA = –40°C to 85°C, VI = 2.4 V,
EN = VI (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
IO(MAX)
VO
Maximum continuous output current
Output voltage
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
TPS60200 and TPS60201, VI = 2 V
100
mA
TPS60202 and TPS60203, VI = 2 V
50
mA
1.6 V < VI < 1.8 V, 0 < IO < 0.25 × IO(MAX)
3
1.8 V < VI < 2 V,
0 < IO < 0.5 × IO(MAX)
3.17
3.43
V
2 V < VI < 3.3 V,
0 < IO < IO(MAX)
3.17
3.43
V
3.3 V < VI < 3.6 V,
0 < IO < IO(MAX)
3.17
3.47
V
V
VPP
I(Q)
Output voltage ripple
Quiescent current (no-load input current)
IO = IO(MAX)
IO = 0 mA, VI = 1.8 V to 3.6 V
5
I(SD)
f(OSC)
Shutdown supply current
EN = 0 V
0.05
1
µA
Internal switching frequency
200
300
400
kHz
f(SYNC)
External clock signal frequency
400
600
800
kHz
35
External clock signal duty cycle
70
30%
mVPP
µA
70%
0.3 × VI
V
0.1
µA
VIL
VIH
EN input low voltage
EN input high voltage
VI = 1.6 V to 3.6 V
VI = 1.6 V to 3.6 V
Ilkg(EN)
EN input leakage current
EN = 0 V or VI
Output capacitor auto discharge time
EN is set from VI to GND,
Time until VO < 0.5V
0.6
ms
Output resistance in shutdown
EN = 0V
70
Ω
LinSkip threshold
VI = 2.2V
10 mA < IO < IO(MAX); TA = 25°C
2 V < VI < 3.3 V,
IO = 0.5 x IO(MAX),
TA = 25°C
Output load regulation
Output line regulation
I(SC)
Short circuit current
0.7 × VI
V
0.01
VI = 2.4 V,
7
mA
0.01
%/mA
0.6
%/V
60
mA
VO = 0 V
electrical characteristics for low-battery comparator of devices TPS60200 and TPS60202 at
TA = –40°C to 85°C, Vi = 2.4 V and EN = Vi (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
V(LBI)
LBI trip voltage
LBI trip voltage hysteresis
II(LBI)
VO(LBO)
LBI input current
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
VI = 1.6V to 2.2V,
Tc = 0°C to 70°C
For rising voltage at LBI
TYP
1.13
1.18
MAX
1.23
10
V(LBI) = 1.3 V
V(LBI) = 0 V,
0.01
V
mV
2
LBO output voltage low
I(LBO) = 1 mA
Ilkg(LBO) LBO leakage current
V(LBI) = 1.3 V,
V(LBO) = 3.3 V
NOTE: During start-up of the converter the LBO output signal is invalid for the first 500 µs.
UNIT
50
nA
0.4
V
0.1
µA
electrical characteristics for power-good comparator of devices TPS60201 and TPS60203 at
TA = –40°C to 85°C, Vi = 2.4 V and EN = Vi (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
V(PG)
Vhys(PG)
Power-good trip voltage
VO(PG)
Ilkg(PG)
Power-good output voltage Low
Power-good trip voltage hysteresis
TEST CONDITIONS
Tc = 0°C to 70°C
VO decreasing, Tc = 0°C to 70°C
I(PG) = 1 mA
V(PG) = 3.3 V
NOTE: During start-up of the converter the PG output signal is invalid for the first 500 µs.
Power-good leakage current
VO = 0V,
VO = 3.3 V,
8
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MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
0.87 × VO
0.91 × VO
0.95 × VO
V
1%
0.01
0.4
V
0.1
µA
TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table of Graphs
FIGURES
η
Efficiency
vs Output current (TPS60200 and TPS60202)
η
Efficiency
vs Input voltage
5
IQ
Quiescent supply current
vs Input voltage
6
VO
Output voltage
VO
Output voltage ripple
3, 4
vs Output current (TPS60200 and TPS60202)
7, 8
vs Input voltage (TPS60200 and TPS60202)
9, 10
vs Time
11, 12, 13
Start-up timing
14
Load transient response
15
Line transient response
16
TPS60200
TPS60202
EFFICIENCY
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
EFFICIENCY
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
100
100
90
90
80
80
70
70
Efficiency – %
Efficiency – %
IO
Peak output current
vs Input voltage (TPS60200)
NOTE: All typical characteristics were measured using the typical application circuit of Figure 18 (unless otherwise noted).
60
VI = 1.8 V
50
VI = 2.4 V
40
VI = 2.7 V
30
60
50
VI = 2.4 V
30
20
10
10
1
VI = 1.8 V
40
20
0
0.1
10
100
1000
0
0.1
IO – Output Current – mA
VI = 2.7 V
1
10
100
IO – Output Current – mA
Figure 3
Figure 4
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TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TPS60200
QUIESCENT SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
EFFICIENCY
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
40
90
38
80
36
I – Quiescent Current – µ A
Q
100
Efficiency – %
70
60
50
IO = 50 mA
40
30
34
32
30
28
26
20
24
10
22
0
1.6
2.0
2.4
2.8
VI – Input Voltage – V
3.2
IO = 0 mA
20
1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6
3.6
VI – Input Voltage – V
Figure 6
Figure 5
TPS60200
TPS60202
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
3.35
3.5
VI = 2.7 V
3.30
3.4
VO – Output Voltage – V
VI = 3.6 V
VO – Output Voltage – V
VI = 3.6 V
3.3
3.2
VI = 1.8 V
VI = 2.7 V
3.1
VI = 2.4 V
3.0
3.25
VI = 1.8 V
VI = 2.4 V
3.20
3.15
3.10
3.05
3
2.9
1
10
100
1000
1
Figure 8
Figure 7
10
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IO – Output Current – mA
IO – Output Current – mA
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TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TPS60200
TPS60202
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
3.4
3.35
3.30
1 mA
3.2
3.1
100 mA
VO – Output Voltage – V
VO – Output Voltage – V
3.3
50 mA
3.0
2.9
2.8
1 mA
3.25
3.20
25 mA
50 mA
3.15
3.10
3.05
2.7
1.6
2.0
3.2
2.4
2.8
VI – Input Voltage – V
3.00
1.6
3.6
2.0
3.2
3.6
Figure 10
Figure 9
TPS60200
TPS60200
OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE
vs
TIME
OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE
vs
TIME
3.38
3.38
VI = 2.4 V
IO = 1 mA
3.36
VI = 2.4 V
IO = 10 mA
3.36
3.34
VO– Output Voltage – V
3.34
VO – Output Voltage – V
2.4
2.8
VI – Input Voltage – V
3.32
3.30
3.28
3.26
3.32
3.30
3.28
3.26
3.24
3.24
3.22
3.22
0
5
10
15
20 25 30
t – Time – µs
35
40
45
50
0
1
Figure 11
3
4
5
6
t – Time – µs
7
8
9
10
Figure 12
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TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TPS60200
OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE
vs
TIME
START-UP TIMING
3.5
VI = 2.4 V
IO = 100 mA
3.36
3
VO – Output Voltage – V
3.34
VO – Output Voltage – V
1400
3.32
3.30
3.28
VI = 2.4 V
VO
1200
2.5
1000
II
2
800
1.5
600
1
3.26
0.5
3.24
0
400
EN
200
0
3.22
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
t – Time – µs
7
8
9
0
10
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
t – Time – µs
Figure 14
TPS60200
LINE TRANSIENT RESPONSE
VI = 2.4 V
3.30
3.28
3.26
VO – Output Voltage – V
TPS60200
LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE
3.24
IO = 50 mA
3.32
3.30
3.28
VI – Input Voltage – V
I O– Output Current – mA
VO – Output Voltage – V
Figure 13
100 mA
10 mA
0
50
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
t – Time – µs
3.26
2.8 V
2.2 V
0
1
Figure 15
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2
3
4
5
6
t – Time – ms
7
Figure 16
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9
10
I I – Input Current – mA
3.38
TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TPS60200
PEAK OUTPUT CURRENT
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
350
IO – Output Current – mA
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1.6
2.0
2.4
2.8
3.2
3.6
VI – Input Voltage – V
Figure 17
APPLICATION INFORMATION
capacitor selection
The TPS6020x devices require only four external capacitors to achieve a very low output voltage ripple. The
capacitor values are closely linked to the required output current. Low ESR (< 0.1 Ω) capacitors should be used
at input and output. In general, the transfer capacitors (C1 and C2) will be the smallest, a 1 µF value is
recommended for maximum load operation. With smaller capacitor values, the maximum possible load current
is reduced and the LinSkip threshold is lowered.
The input capacitor improves system efficiency by reducing the input impedance. It also stabilizes the input
current of the power source. The input capacitor should be chosen according to the power supply used and the
distance from the power source to the converter IC. Ci is recommended to be about two to four times as large
as the flying capacitors C1 and C2.
The output capacitor (Co) should be at minimum the size of the input capacitor. The minimum required
capacitance is 2.2 µF. Larger values will improve the load transient performance and will reduce the maximum
output ripple voltage.
Only ceramic capacitors are recommended for input, output, and flying capacitors. Depending on the material
used to manufacture them, ceramic capacitors might lose their capacitance over temperature and voltage.
Ceramic capacitors of type X7R or X5R material will keep their capacitance over temperature and voltage,
whereas Z5U or Y5V-type capacitors will decrease in capacitance. Table 2 lists recommended capacitor values.
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TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Table 2. Recommended Capacitor Values (Ceramic X5R and X7R)
LOAD CURRENT,
ILOAD
(mA)
FLYING
CAPACITORS,
C1/C2
(µF)
INPUT
CAPACITOR,
CIN
(µF)
OUTPUT
CAPACITOR,
COUT
(µF)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
RIPPLE IN LINEAR MODE,
VP-P
(mV)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
RIPPLE IN SKIP MODE,
VP-P
(mV)
0–100
1
2.2
2.2
3
20
0–100
1
4.7
4.7
3
10
0–100
1
2.2
10
3
7
0–100
2.2
4.7
4.7
3
10
0–50
0.47
2.2
2.2
3
20
0–25
0.22
2.2
2.2
5
15
0–10
0.1
2.2
2.2
5
15
Table 3. Recommended Capacitor Types
MANUFACTURER
Taiyo Yuden
AVX
PART NUMBER
SIZE
CAPACITANCE
TYPE
UMK212BJ104MG
0805
0.1 µF
Ceramic
EMK212BJ224MG
0805
0.22 µF
Ceramic
EMK212BJ474MG
0805
0.47 µF
Ceramic
LMK212BJ105KG
0805
1 µF
Ceramic
LMK212BJ225MG
0805
2.2 µF
Ceramic
EMK316BJ225KL
1206
2.2 µF
Ceramic
LMK316BJ475KL
1206
4.7 µF
Ceramic
JMK316BJ106ML
1206
10 µF
Ceramic
0805ZC105KAT2A
0805
1 µF
Ceramic
1206ZC225KAT2A
1206
2.2 µF
Ceramic
Table 4. Recommended Capacitor Manufacturers
MANUFACTURER
CAPACITOR TYPE
INTERNET SITE
Taiyo Yuden
X7R/X5R ceramic
http://www.t–yuden.com/
AVX
X7R/X5R ceramic
http://www.avxcorp.com/
14
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TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
typical operating circuit TPS60200 and TPS60202
INPUT
1.6V to 3.6V
Ci
2.2 µF
7
R1
1
R3
LBI
LBO
R2
4
C1
1 µF
C1+
C2+
3
C1–
9
EN
C2–
Ci
2.2 µF
7
R1
1
4
C1
0.47 µF
OFF/ON
10
Low Battery
Warning
6
8
C2
1 µF
OUTPUT
3.3V, 50 mA
TPS60202
5
IN
OUT
R3
LBI
LBO
R2
Co
2.2 µF
GND
2
OFF/ON
INPUT
1.6V to 3.6V
OUTPUT
3.3V, 100 mA
TPS60200
5
IN
OUT
C1+
C2+
3
C1–
9
EN
C2–
Co
2.2 µF
10
Low Battery
Warning
6
8
C2
0.47 µF
GND
2
Figure 18. Typical Operating Circuit TPS60200 and TPS60202 With Low-Battery Detector
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TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
typical operating circuit TPS60201 and TPS60203
INPUT
1.6V to 3.6V
7
OUTPUT
3.3V, 100 mA
TPS60201
5
IN
OUT
Ci
2.2 µF
R1
PG
4
C1
1 µF
C1+
C2+
3
C1–
9
EN
C2–
10
Power-Good
Signal
6
8
C2
1 µF
GND
1,2
OFF/ON
INPUT
1.6V to 3.6V
7
OUTPUT
3.3V, 50 mA
TPS60203
5
IN
OUT
Ci
2.2 µF
R1
PG
4
C1
0.47 µF
OFF/ON
Co
2.2 µF
C1+
C2+
3
C1–
9
EN
C2–
Co
2.2 µF
10
Power-Good
Signal
6
8
C2
0.47 µF
GND
1,2
Figure 19. Typical Operating Circuit TPS60201 and TPS60203 With Power-Good Detector
power dissipation
The power dissipated in the TPS6020x devices depends mainly on input voltage and output current and is
approximated by:
P
(DISS)
+ IO x
ǒ
Ǔ
2 x V – V
I
O
for I
(Q)
tt IO
(5)
By observing equation 5, it can be seen that the power dissipation is worst for highest input voltage VI and
highest output current IO. For an input voltage of 3.6 V and an output current of 100 mA the calculated power
dissipation P(DISS) is 390 mW. This is also the point where the charge pump operates with its lowest efficiency.
With the recommended maximum junction temperature of 125°C and an assumed maximum ambient operating
temperature of 85°C, the maximum allowed thermal resistance junction to ambient of the system can be
calculated.
R QJA(max)
+
T J(MAX)
* TA
P DISS(max)
* 85°C + 102°CńW
+ 125°C
390 mW
16
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(6)
TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
power dissipation (continued)
PDISS must be less than that allowed by the package rating. The thermal resistance junction to ambient of the
used 10-pin MSOP is 294°C/W for an unsoldered package. The thermal resistance junction to ambient with
the IC soldered to a printed circuit using a board layout as described in the application information section, the
RΘJA is typically 200°C/W, which is higher than the maximum value calculated above. However in a battery
powered application, both VI and TA will typically be lower than the worst case ratings used in equation 6 , and
power dissipation should not be a problem in most applications.
layout and board space
Careful board layout is necessary due to the high transient currents and switching frequency of the converter.
All capacitors should be placed in close proximity to the device. A PCB layout proposal for a one-layer board
is given in Figure 22.
An evaluation module for the TPS60200 is available and can be ordered under product code
TPS60200EVM–145. The EVM uses the layout shown in Figure 22. All components including the pins are
shown. The EVM is built so that it can be connected to a 14-pin dual inline socket, therefore, the space needed
for the IC, the external parts, and 8 pins is 17.9 mm x 10.2 mm = 182.6 mm2.
Figure 20. Recommended Component Placement and Board Layout
Table 5. Component Identification
IC1
TPS60200
C1, C2
Flying capacitors
C3
Input capacitors
C4
Output capacitors
C5
Stabilization capacitor for LBI
R1, R2
Resistive divider for LBI
R3
Pullup resistor for LBO
R4
Pullup resistor for EN
Capacitor C5 should be included if large line transients are expected. This capacitor suppresses toggling of the
LBO due to these line changes.
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TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
device family products
Other charge pump dc-dc converters in this family are:
Table 6. Product Identification
PART NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
TPS60100
2-cell to regulated 3.3-V, 200-mA low-noise charge pump
TPS60101
2-cell to regulated 3.3-V, 100-mA low-noise charge pump
TPS60110
3-cell to regulated 5.0-V, 300-mA low-noise charge pump
TPS60111
3-cell to regulated 5.0-V, 150-mA low-noise charge pump
TPS60120
2-cell to regulated 3.3-V, 200-mA high efficiency charge pump with low battery comparator
TPS60121
2-cell to regulated 3.3-V, 200-mA high efficiency charge pump with power-good comparator
TPS60122
2-cell to regulated 3.3-V, 100-mA high efficiency charge pump with low battery comparator
TPS60123
2-cell to regulated 3.3-V, 100-mA high efficiency charge pump with power-good comparator
TPS60130
3-cell to regulated 5.0-V, 300-mA high efficiency charge pump with low battery comparator
TPS60131
3-cell to regulated 5.0-V, 300-mA high efficiency charge pump with power-good comparator
TPS60132
3-cell to regulated 5.0-V, 150-mA high efficiency charge pump with low battery comparator
TPS60133
3-cell to regulated 5.0-V, 150-mA high efficiency charge pump with power-good comparator
TPS60140
2-cell to regulated 5.0-V, 100-mA charge pump voltage tripler with low battery comparator
TPS60141
2-cell to regulated 5.0-V, 100-mA charge pump voltage tripler with power-good comparator
18
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TPS60200, TPS60201, TPS60202, TPS60203
REGULATED 3.3 V, 100-mA LOW-RIPPLE CHARGE PUMP
LOW POWER DC/DC CONVERTERS
SLVS274 – MARCH 2000
MECHANICAL DATA
DGS (S-PDSO-G10)
PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE
0,27
0,17
0,50
10
0,25 M
6
0,15 NOM
3,05
2,95
4,98
4,78
Gage Plane
0,25
1
0°– 6°
5
3,05
2,95
0,69
0,41
Seating Plane
1,07 MAX
0,15
0,05
0,10
4073272/A 03/98
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters.
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion.
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IMPORTANT NOTICE
Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue
any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information
to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold
subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment, including those
pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability.
TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in
accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent
TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily
performed, except those mandated by government requirements.
Customers are responsible for their applications using TI components.
In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating
safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent
that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other
intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such
semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third
party’s products or services does not constitute TI’s approval, warranty or endorsement thereof.
Copyright  2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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