ACS8526 LC/P LITE Line Card Protection Switch for PDH, SONET or SDH Systems ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS COMMUNICATION Description FINAL Features The ACS8526 is a highly integrated single-chip solution for protection switching between two SECs (SDH/SONET Equipment Clocks) from Master and Slave SETS clock cards, for line cards in a PDH, SONET or SDH Network Element. The ACS8526 has fast activity monitors on the inputs and will raise a flag on a pin if there is a loss of activity on the currently selected input. The protection switching between the input reference clock sources is controlled by an external pin. The ACS8526 has two SEC reference clock input ports, configured for expected frequency by setting hardware pins or by writing to registers via the serial interface. The ACS8526 can perform frequency translation, converting, for example, an 8 kHz SEC input clock from a backplane into a 155.52 MHz clock for local line cards. The ACS8526 generates two independent SEC clock outputs, one on a PECL/LVDS port and one on a TTL/CMOS port, at spot frequencies configured by hardware pins, or by writing to registers via the serial interface. The hardware selectable spot frequencies range from 1.544 MHz up to 155.52 MHz, with further options for N x E1/DS1 and 311.04 MHz via register selection. The ACS8526 also provides an 8 kHz Frame Sync output and 2 kHz Multi-Frame Sync output, both with programmable pulse width and polarity. Advanced configuration possibilities are available via the serial port (which can be SPI compatible), however the basic configuration of I/O frequencies and SONET/SDH selection by hardware make the device suitable for standalone operation, i.e., no need for a microprocessor. Block Diagram Figure 1 Line card protection switch - partners Semtech SETS devices for Stratum 3E/3/4E/4 PDH, SONET/SDH applications High performance DPLL/APLL solution Output jitter compliant to STM-1 Two independent SEC inputs ports (TTL) Four independent output ports: Two clock ports: one PECL/LVDS, one TTL Two Syncs (TTL): 8 kHz FrSync & 2 KHz MFrSync TTL I/O ports: spot frequencies 2 kHz to 77.76 MHz PECL/LVDS port: spot frequencies 2 kHz to 311 MHz N x E1/DS1 mode Programmable pulse width and polarity on Syncs SONET/SDH frequency translation Digital Holdover mode on input failure Separate activity monitors and register alarms on each input. “Loss of activity” on selected input flagged on dedicated pin Source switch under external hardware control PLL “Locked” and “Acquisition” bandwidth selectable from 18, 35 or 70 Hz Configurable via serial interface or hardware pins Output clock phase continuity to GR-1244-CORE[13] Single 3.3 V operation, 5 V I/O compatible IEEE 1149.1 JTAG Boundary Scan is supported Operating temperature (ambient) of -40 to +85 °C Available in LQFP 64 package Block Diagram of the ACS8526 LC/P LITE LOS_ALARM IP_FREQ SONSDHB MUX 2 2 x SEC TTL inputs SEC1 SEC Inputs: Programmable Frequencies N x 8 kHz SEC2 1.544 MHz 2.048 MHz 6.48 MHz 19.44 MHz SRCSW 25.92 MHz 38.88 MHz TCK 51.84 MHz TDI 77.76 MHz TMS TRST TDO Input SEC Port Selector APLL2 Digital Feedback E1/DS1 Synthesis APLL3 IEEE 1149.1 JTAG SEC Outputs: 01 (LVDS/PECL) DPLL2 DPLL1 Chip Clock Generator TCXO or XO Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Priority Register Set Table F8526D_001BLOCKDIA_03 Page 1 MUX 1 Output Port Frequency Selection 02 (TTL) Sync Outputs: MFrSync 2 kHz (TTL) APLL 1 FrSync 8 kHz (TTL) SPI Compatible Serial Interface Port OP_FREQ1 OP_FREQ2 Output Frequencies/MHz 01 Output: 02 Output: 19.44 1.544 25.92 2.048 34.368 (E3) 3.088 38.88 19.44 44.736 (DS3) 25.92 51.84 34.368 (E3) 77.76 38.88 155.52 44.736 (DS3) 51.84 77.76 www.semtech.com Table of Contents ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Table of Contents ACS8526 LC/P LITE FINAL Section Page Description ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Block Diagram............................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Features ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Pin Diagram ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Pin Description........................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6 General Description................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Inputs ..................................................................................................................................................................................................6 Preconfiguring Inputs - Expected Input Frequency ................................................................................................................ 7 Preconfiguring Inputs- SONET/SDH ........................................................................................................................................ 7 Input Locking Frequency Modes ............................................................................................................................................. 7 Selection of Input SECs .....................................................................................................................................................................8 Initialization .............................................................................................................................................................................. 8 SEC Selection - SRCSW pin...................................................................................................................................................... 8 Output Clock Phase Continuity on Source Switchover .......................................................................................................... 8 Activity Monitors.................................................................................................................................................................................9 SEC Activity Monitors ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 Fast Activity Monitor.............................................................................................................................................................. 10 Phase Locked Loops (PLLs) ........................................................................................................................................................... 10 PLL Overview ......................................................................................................................................................................... 10 PLL Architecture .................................................................................................................................................................... 11 PLL Operational Controls ...................................................................................................................................................... 14 DPLL Feature Summary ........................................................................................................................................................ 16 Outputs ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 17 Output Frequency Selection by Hardware ........................................................................................................................... 17 Output Frequency Selection by Register Programming...................................................................................................... 17 Local Oscillator Clock...................................................................................................................................................................... 27 Crystal Frequency Calibration............................................................................................................................................... 27 Power-On Reset............................................................................................................................................................................... 27 Status Reporting ............................................................................................................................................................................. 27 Loss of Input Signal - LOS Flag............................................................................................................................................. 27 Status Information ................................................................................................................................................................ 27 Serial Interface................................................................................................................................................................................ 27 Register Map........................................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Register Organisation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Multi-word Registers ............................................................................................................................................................. 30 Register Access ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Flags ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Defaults.................................................................................................................................................................................. 30 Register Descriptions ............................................................................................................................................................................. 32 Electrical Specifications ......................................................................................................................................................................... 61 JTAG ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 61 Over-voltage Protection .................................................................................................................................................................. 61 Maximum Ratings ........................................................................................................................................................................... 62 Operating Conditions ...................................................................................................................................................................... 62 Jitter Performance .......................................................................................................................................................................... 65 Input/Output Timing ....................................................................................................................................................................... 67 Package Information .............................................................................................................................................................................. 68 Thermal Conditions......................................................................................................................................................................... 69 Application Information .......................................................................................................................................................................... 70 References .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 71 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 71 Notes ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 72 Trademark Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................................................. 72 Revision Status/History ......................................................................................................................................................................... 73 Ordering Information .............................................................................................................................................................................. 74 Disclaimers...................................................................................................................................................................................... 74 Contacts........................................................................................................................................................................................... 74 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 2 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Pin Diagram ACS8526 Pin Diagram 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 SONSDHB O1_FREQ2 IC9 IC8 IC7 NC2 AGND4 VA3+ O2 NC1 VDD3 DGND6 SDO TDI TDO TCK Figure 2 FINAL AGND1 IC1 AGND2 VA1+ LOS_ALARM REFCLK DGND1 VD1+ VD2+ DGND2 DGND3 VD3+ SRCSW VA2+ AGND3 IC2 ACS8526 LC/P LITE 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 PORB SCLK O1_FREQ1 O1_FREQ0 CSB SDI CLKE TMS DGND5 VDD2 O2_FREQ1 TRST O2_FREQ2 O2_FREQ0 IP_FREQ2 IP_FREQ1 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 FrSync MFrSync O1POS O1NEG GND_DIFF VDD_DIFF IC3 IC4 IC5 IC6 VDD5V IP_FREQ0 SEC1 SEC2 DGND4 VDD1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 12 13 14 15 16 F8526D_002PINDIAG_01 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 3 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Pin Description FINAL Table 1 Power Pins Pin Number Symbol I/O Type Description 8, 9, 12 VD1+, VD2+, VD3+ P - Supply Voltage: Digital supply to gates in analog section, +3.3 Volts ± 10%. 22 VDD_DIFF P - Supply Voltage: Digital supply for differential output pins 19 and 20, +3.3 Volts ± 10%. 27 VDD5V P - Digital Supply for +5 Volts tolerance to input pins. Connect to +5 Volts (± 10%) for clamping to +5 Volts. Connect to VDD for clamping to +3.3 Volts. Leave floating for no clamping, input pins tolerant up to +5.5 Volts. 32, 39, 54 VDD1, VDD2, VDD3, P - Supply Voltage: Digital supply to logic, +3.3 Volts ± 10%. 4 VA1+ P - Supply Voltage: Analog supply to clock multiplying PLL, +3.3 Volts ± 10%. 14, 57 VA2+, VA3+ P - Supply Voltage: Analog supply to output PLLs APLL2 and APLL1, +3.3 Volts ± 10%. 15, 58 AGND3, AGND4 - Supply Ground: Analog ground for output PLLs APLL2 and APLL1. 7, 10, 11 DGND1, DGND2, DGND3 P - Supply Ground: Digital ground for components in PLLs. 31, 40, 53 DGND4, DGND5, DGND6 P - Supply Ground: Digital ground for logic. 21 GND_DIFF P - Supply Ground: Digital ground for differential output pins 19 and 20. 1, 3 AGND1, AGND2 P - Supply Ground: Analog grounds. Note...I = Input, O = Output, P = Power, TTLU = TTL input with pull-up resistor, TTLD = TTL input with pull-down resistor. Table 2 Internally Connected Pin Number Symbol I/O Type Description 2, 16, 23, 24, 25, 26, 60, 61, 62 IC1, IC2, IC3, IC4, IC5, IC6, IC7, IC8 IC9 - - Internally Connected: Leave to float. 55, 59 NC1, NC2 - - Not Connected: Leave to float. I/O Type Table 3 Other Pins Pin Number Symbol Description 5 LOS_ALARM O TTL/CMOS 6 REFCLK I TTL Reference Clock: 12.800 MHz (refer to section headed Local Oscillator Clock). 13 SRCSW I TTLD Source Switching: Controls switchover between SEC1 and SEC2 inputs as the selected reference. SRCSW must be held High on power-up or reset, and for a further 251 ms after PORB has gone High. See ‘‘Initialization’’ on page 8. 17 FrSync O TTL/CMOS Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. LOS_Alarm: Flag to indicate loss of activity of currently selected reference source. Output Reference: 8 kHz Frame Sync output. Page 4 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Table 3 Other Pins (cont...) Pin Number Symbol I/O Type Description 18 MFrSync O TTL/CMOS Output Reference: 2 kHz Multi-Frame Sync output. 19, 20 O1POS, O1NEG O LVDS/PECL Output Reference 1: Differential output., default LVDS. 28 IP_FREQ0 I TTL Input Reference Frequency Select: Frequency select for input SEC1 and SEC2. 29 SEC1 I TTLD Input Reference 1: Primary input. 30 SEC2 I TTLD Input Reference 2: Secondary input. 33 IP_FREQ1 I TTL Input Reference Frequency Select: Frequency select for input SEC1 and SEC2. 34 IP_FREQ2 I TTL Input Reference Frequency Select: Frequency select for input SEC1 and SEC2. 35 O2_FREQ0 I TTL Output O2 Frequency Select: Frequency select for output O2. 36 O2_FREQ2 I TTL Output O2 Frequency Select: Frequency select for output O2. 37 TRST I TTLD JTAG Control Reset Input: TRST = 1 to enable JTAG Boundary Scan mode. TRST = 0 for normal device operation (JTAG logic transparent). NC if not used. 38 O2_FREQ1 I TTL Output O2 Frequency Select: Frequency select for output O2. 41 TMS I TTLU JTAG Test Mode Select: Boundary Scan enable. Sampled on rising edge of TCK. NC if not used. 42 CLKE I TTLD SCLK Edge Select: SCLK active edge select, CLKE = 1, selects falling edge of SCLK to be active. 43 SDI I TTLD Interface Address: SPI compatible Serial Data Input. 44 CSB I TTLU Chip Select (Active Low): This pin is asserted Low by the external device (microprocessor) to enable the Serial interface. 45 O1_FREQ0 I TTL Output O1 Frequency Select: Frequency select for output O1. 46 O1_FREQ1 I TTL Output O1 Frequency Select: Frequency select for output O1. 47 SCLK I TTLD Serial Data Clock: The Low to High transition on this input latches the data on the SDI input into the internal registers. The active clock edge (defined by CLKE) latches the data out of the internal registers onto the SDO output. 48 PORB I TTLU Power-On Reset: Master reset. If PORB is forced Low, all internal states are reset back to default values. 49 TCK I TTLD JTAG Clock: Boundary Scan clock input. 50 TDO O TTL/CMOS U JTAG Output: Serial test data output. Updated on falling edge of TCK. 51 TDI I TTL JTAG Input: Serial test data Input. Sampled on rising edge of TCK. NC if not used. 52 SDO O TTLD Interface Address: SPI compatible Serial Data Output. 56 O2 O TTL/CMOS Output Reference: Programmable, default 19.44 MHz. 63 O1_FREQ2 I TTL Output O1 Frequency Select: Frequency select for output O1. 64 SONSDHB I TTLD SONET or SDH frequency select: Sets the initial power up state (or state after a PORB) of the SONET/SDH frequency selection registers, Reg. 34, Bit 2 and Reg. 38, Bit 5, Bit 6 and Reg. 64 Bit 4. The register states can be changed after power up by software. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 5 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Introduction FINAL The ACS8526 is a highly integrated, single-chip solution for protection switching of two SEC inputs from, for example, Master and Slave SETS clock cards sources, for Line Cards in a SONET or SDH Network Element. The ACS8526 has fast activity monitors on the SEC clock inputs. The ACS8526 can be used as a standalone part without the serial interface where all input and output frequencies are set by external control using the IP_FREQ and OP_FREQ pins. These pins determine the default power-up or reset state of internal registers, that in turn determine the I/O frequencies. If more detailed control is required, then the registers within the device can be re-configured, after an initialization period, by writes through the serial interface. The SRCSW pin is used to select one of the two SEC inputs to lock to. The SRCSW pin must remain High for at least 251 ms following power-up or reset (251 ms after the PORB signal has gone High). SRCSW Low following a power-up or reset is not supported. The ACS8526 has two SEC inputs from which it can generate independent clocks on outputs 01 and 02 with a total of 53 possible output frequencies. In addition, there are two Sync outputs; 8 kHz Frame Synchronization (FrSync) signal and a 2 kHz Multi-Frame Synchronization (MFrSync) signal. APLL bandwidth is set four orders of magnitude higher than the DPLL bandwidth. This ensures that the overall system performance still maintains the advantage of consistent behaviour provided by the digital approach. The DPLLs are clocked by the external oscillator module (TCXO or XO) so that prior to initial lock (with no input reference) or in Digital Holdover, the frequency stability is only determined by the stability of the external oscillator module. This gives the key advantage of confining all temperature critical components to one well defined and pre-calibrated oscillator module, whose performance can be chosen to match the application. All performance parameters of the DPLLs are programmable without the need to understand detailed PLL equations. Bandwidth, damping factor and lock range can all be configured under software control. The hardware set-up configures a subset of the registers in the register block, with the remainder adopting their default settings. If hardware set-up alone is insufficient for configuring, controlling and monitoring the device for a particular application, then access to the full set of registers for these purposes is provided by an SPI compatible serial interface port. Each register (8-bit wide data field) is identified by and referred to by its hexadecimal address and name, e.g. Reg. 7D cnfg_LOS_alarm. The ‘‘Register Map’’ on page 30 summarizes the content of all of the registers, and each register is individually described in the subsequent Register Tables, organised in order of ascending Address (hexadecimal), in the “Register Descriptions” from page 32 onwards. Initially the ACS8526 generates a stable, low-noise clock signal at a frequency to the same accuracy as the external oscillator, or it can be made more accurate via software calibration to within ± 0.02 ppm. The device always attempts to lock to one of its inputs (according to the value on the SRCSW pin). Once locked to a reference the accuracy of the output clock is determined directly by the accuracy of the input reference. In the absence of any input references the device simply maintains its most recent frequency in a Digital Holdover mode. However, as soon as the DPLL detects an input presence, it will attempt to lock to it and will not “qualify” it first. As soon as the DPLL detects a failure on the input, the DPLL freezes its operating frequency and raises the LOS alarm on device pin LOS_ALARM. Inputs The overall PLL loop bandwidth, damping, pull-in range and frequency accuracy are all determined by digital parameters that provide a consistent level of performance. An Analog PLL (APLL) takes the signal from the DPLL output and provides a lower jitter output. The The ACS8526 SETS device has two TTL/CMOS compatible SEC input ports. They are 3 V and 5 V compatible (with clamping if required by connecting the VDD5V pin). Refer to the ‘‘Electrical Specifications’’ on page 61 for more information on electrical compatibility. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. An Evaluation board and intuitive GUI-based software package is available for device introduction. This has its own documentation “ACS8526-EVB”. General Description The following description refers to the Block Diagram (Figure 1 on page 1). Page 6 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Input frequencies supported range from 2 kHz to 155.52 MHz. Common E1, DS1, OC-3 and sub-divisions are supported as spot frequencies that the DPLLs will directly lock to. Any input frequency, up to 100 MHz, that is a multiple of 8 kHz can also be locked to via an inbuilt programmable divider. In addition to the SEC inputs, there are four configuration pins IP_FREQ [2:0] and SONSDHB used to configure the input to expect a particular input frequency (same value applies to both inputs), and a control pin SRCSW for switching between SEC1 and SEC2 as the selected input reference to which the device tries to lock. inputs will be configured to expect the same input frequency. After a reset and initialization period, any change of state on IP_FREQ [2:0] or SONSDHB will have no effect on the device configuration, as these are only read during the reset period. The register programming approach provides a greater range of frequencies than the hardware selection method: more spot frequencies, plus frequencies derived using DivN Mode up to 100 MHz (TTL technology limit). Table 4 Hardware Configuration for Selecting Expected Input Frequency on SEC1 and SEC2 IP_FREQ Pins Preconfiguring Inputs - Expected Input Frequency The inputs SEC1 and SEC2 must be preconfigured to expect a particular input frequency. The expected input frequencies can be selected from a range of spot frequencies by either: z Hardware selection: configuring the hardware pins IP_FREQ [2:0] and SONSDHB, which are read on reset z Register programming: writing to the cnfg_ref_source_frequency and cnfg_input_mode registers. Hardware Selection of Expected I/P Frequency The combined pin states of IP_FREQ [2:0] and SONSDHB represent a 4-bit word which addresses a particular frequency value as given in Table 4. The frequency selected by the hardware configuration is always applied to both inputs on Power-up or Reset, so both will be preconfigured to expect the same frequency. If SEC1 and SEC2 are required to expect different frequencies, then these inputs must be subsequently reconfigured by programming the appropriate registers. 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 SONSDHB Pin Input frequency X 8 kHz 0 2.048 MHz 1 1.544 MHz 0 X 6.48 MHz 1 1 X 19.44 MHz 1 0 0 X 25.92 MHz 1 0 1 X 38.88 MHz 1 1 0 X 51.84 MHz 1 1 1 X 77.76 MHz Preconfiguring Inputs- SONET/SDH The register ip_sonsdhb is used to select SDH or SONET mode for the entire device and its setting affects parameters other than just the expected input frequency selection, e.g. output frequency. To set the device for use in a SONET network, set ip_sonsdhb = 1. For SDH, set ip_sonsdhb = 0. Input Locking Frequency Modes Register Programming of Expected I/P Frequency The expected input frequencies can be programmed by writing to the cnfg_ref_source_frequency registers (Reg. 22 and 23) and ip_sonsdhb (Bit 2 of cnfg_input_mode,Reg. 34), via the serial interface. This must not be done until after the end of the initialization period (see ‘‘Initialization’’ on page 8). Each input port has to be configured to receive the expected input frequency. To achieve this, three input locking frequency modes are provided: Direct Lock, Lock8K and DivN. Note...Any subsequent reset will cause these registers to be overwritten by values that equate to the single hardware selected frequency on the pins at the time of reset, i.e both In Direct Lock mode, DPLL1 can lock to the selected input at the spot frequency of the input, for example 19.44 MHz performs the DPLL phase comparisons at 19.44 MHz. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Direct Lock Mode Page 7 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL (b) To lock to 10.000 MHz: In Lock8K and DivN modes an internal divider is used prior to DPLL1 to divide the input frequency before it is used for phase comparisons. (i) Lock8K Mode Lock8K mode automatically sets the divider parameters to divide the input frequency down to 8 kHz. Lock8K can only be used on the supported spot frequencies. See divn_SEC1 and 2 descriptions (Bit 7 of Reg. 22 and 23, cnfg_ref_source_frequency). Lock8k mode is enabled by setting the Lock8k bit (Bit 6) in the appropriate cnfg_ref_source_frequency register. Using lower frequencies for phase comparisons in the DPLL results in a greater tolerance to input jitter. It is possible to choose which edge of the input reference clock to lock to, by setting 8K Edge Polarity, (Bit 2 of Reg. 03, test_register1). DivN Mode In DivN mode, the divider parameters are set manually by configuration (Bit 7 of the cnfg_ref_source_frequency register), but must be set so that the frequency after division is exactly 8 kHz. The DivN function is defined as: DivN = “Divide by N+ 1”, i.e. it is the dividing factor used for the division of the input frequency, and has a value of (N+1) where N is an integer from 1 to 12499 inclusive. Therefore, in DivN mode the input frequency can be divided by any integer value between 2 to 12499. Consequently, any input frequency which is a multiple of 8 kHz, between 8 kHz to 125 MHz, can be supported by using DivN mode. Note...Both reference inputs can be set to use DivN independently of the frequency and configuration of the other input. However only one value of N is allowed, so if both inputs have DivN selected, they must be running at the same frequency. DivN Examples (a) To lock to 2.000 MHz: (i) Set the cnfg_ref_source_frequency register to 10XX0000 (binary) to enable DivN, and set the frequency to 8 kHz - the frequency required after division. (XX = “Leaky Bucket” ID for this input). (ii) To achieve 8 kHz, the 2 MHz input must be divided by 250. So, if DivN = 250 = (N + 1) then N must be set to 249. This is done by writing F9 hex (249 decimal) to the DivN register pair Reg. 46/47. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. The cnfg_ref_source_frequency register is set to 10XX0000 (binary) to set the DivN and the frequency to 8 kHz, the post-division frequency. (XX = “Leaky Bucket” ID for this input). (ii) To achieve 8 kHz, the 10 MHz input must be divided by 1,250. So, if DivN, = 250 = (N+1) then N must be set to 1,249. This is done by writing 4E1 hex (1,249 decimal) to the DivN register pair Reg. 46/47. Selection of Input SECs Initialization Switching between inputs SEC1 and SEC2 is triggered directly from a dedicated pin (SRCSW), though for the device to operate properly, the device must first be initialized by holding the pin High during reset and for at least a further 251 ms after PORB has gone High (250 ms allowance for the internal reset to be removed plus 1 ms allowance for APLLs to start-up and become stable). A simple external circuit to set SCRSW high for the required period is shown in the ‘‘Simplified Application Schematic’’ on page 70. If SCRSW is held Low at any time during the 251 ms initialization period, this will result in incorrect device operation. SEC Selection - SRCSW pin After the ACS8526 has been initialized (see previous “Initialization” section), then the value of SRCSW pin directly selects either SEC1 (SRCSW High) or SEC2 (SRCSW Low). The default frequency tolerance of SEC1 and SEC2 is ± 80 ppm (Reg. 41 and Reg. 42) with respect to the local (calibrated) oscillator clock. These registers can be subsequently set by external software, if required. After initialization, the output clocks are stable and the device will operate as a simple switch, with the DPLL trying to lock on to the selected reference source. Output Clock Phase Continuity on Source Switchover A phase offset between SEC inputs will be seen as a phase shift on the output on source switchover equal to the input phase offset. (Note...The ACS8526 has no Phase Build-out function to accommodate this. If this function is required, it is available on the AS8525 LC/P device). Page 8 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL The rate of change of phase on the output, during the time between input switchover and the output settling to a steady state, is dependent on factors of: input frequency, input phase change, DPLL bandwidth, DPLL frequency limit, and phase detector capture range. The ACS8526 always complies with GR-1244-CORE[13] spec for Stratum 3 (max rate of phase change of 81 ns/1.326 ms), for input frequencies at 6.48 MHz or higher, with the default 1UI phase detector capture range. For inputs at a lower frequency than 6.48 MHz (e.g. 8 kHz) with the DPLL frequency limit set to greater than ± 30 ppm (note default is ± 80 ppm), then to ensure compliance with GR-1244-CORE[13] at DPLL bandwidth settings of 18, 35 or 70 Hz, the input phase difference between the Master and Slave inputs to the line card PLL should be limited to less than 600, 330 ns or 190 ns respectively. Alternatively, the DPLL frequency range should be set < ± 30 ppm. A well designed system would have Master and Slave clock from the clock sync cards aligned to within a few nanoseconds. In which case a complete system using the Semtech SETS clock card parts (ACS8530, ACS8520 or ACS8510) and this line card part would be fully compliant to GR-1244-CORE[13] specifications under all conditions due to the lower frequency range and bandwidth set at the clock card end. Activity Monitors Two types of Activity monitors are incorporated in the ACS8526: z SEC Activity Monitors, which raise flags in Reg. 11, sts_reference_sources for each SEC in event of no input activity, as defined by the configuration of Leaky Bucket accumulator. z Fast Activity Monitor (part of DPLL), which raises LOS alarm on pin LOS_ALARM in event of 2 missing cycles of input activity on the selected source. SEC Activity Monitors There is a SEC activity monitor assigned to each SEC input. Each has a programmable Leaky Bucket Accumulator which is used to determine at what point the period of inactivity is deemed sufficient to raise or clear an alarm. Each SEC has its own no activity alarm bit in Reg. 11, sts_reference_sources,. The monitors operate continuously such that at all times the activity status of each SEC input is known. Leaky Bucket Accumulator Anomalies detected by the Activity Monitor are integrated in a Leaky Bucket Accumulator. There is one Leaky Bucket Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Accumulator per SEC input. The accumulators share a set of configuration parameters which can be programmed via Reg. 50 to Reg. 53. They are: z Bucket size z Alarm trigger (set threshold) z Alarm clear (reset threshold) z Leak rate (decay rate) There are occasional anomalies that do not cause the Accumulator to cross the alarm setting threshold, but if the Bucket fills faster than it leaks it will eventually cross the alarm setting threshold and the associated SEC Input Activity Alarm bit in Reg. 11, sts_reference_sources, will change to 1 (Alarm active). Each Leaky Bucket Accumulator is a digital circuit which mimics the operation of an analog integrator. If several events occur close together, each event adds to the amplitude and the alarm will be triggered quickly; if events occur over a greater time period but still sufficiently close together to overcome the decay, the alarm will be triggered eventually. If events occur at a rate which is not sufficient to overcome the decay, the alarm will not be triggered. Similarly, if no defect events occur for a sufficient time, the amplitude will decay gradually and the alarm will be cleared when the amplitude falls below the alarm clearing threshold. The ability to decay the amplitude over time allows the importance of defect events to be reduced as time passes by. This means that, in the case of isolated events, the alarm will not be set, whereas, once the alarm becomes set, it will be held on until normal operation has persisted for a suitable time (but if the operation is still erratic, the alarm will remain set). Figure 3 illustrates the behavior of the Leaky Bucket Accumulator. Each SEC input is monitored over a 128 ms period. If, within a 128 ms period, an irregularity occurs that is not deemed to be due to allowable jitter/wander, then the Accumulator is incremented. The Accumulator continues to increment up to the point that it reaches the programmed Bucket size. The “fill rate” of the Leaky Bucket is, therefore, 8 units/second. The “leak rate” of the Leaky Bucket is programmable to be in multiples of the fill rate (x 1, x 0.5, x 0.25 and x 0.125) to give a programmable leak rate from 8 units/sec down to 1 unit/sec. A conflict between trying to “leak” at the same time as a “fill” is avoided by preventing a leak when a fill event occurs. Page 9 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Figure 3 FINAL Inactivity and Irregularity Monitoring Inactivities/Irregularities Reference Source bucket_size Leaky Bucket Response upper_threshold lower_threshold Programmable Fall Slopes (all programmable) Alarm F8530D_026Inact_Irreg_Mon_02 Leaky Bucket Timing The time taken (in seconds) to raise an inactivity alarm on an SEC that has previously been fully active (Leaky Bucket empty) will be: (cnfg_upper_threshold) / 8 If an input is intermittently inactive then this time can be longer. The default setting of cnfg_upper_threshold is 6, therefore the default time is 0.75 s. The time taken (in seconds) to cancel the activity alarm on a previously completely inactive SEC is calculated, for a particular Leaky Bucket, as: [2 (a) x (b - c)]/ 8 where: a = cnfg_decay_rate b = cnfg_bucket_size c = cnfg_lower_threshold The default setting is shown in the following: 1 [2 x (8 - 4)] /8 = 1.0 secs With the DPLL in Digital Holdover mode it is isolated from further disturbances. If the input becomes active again then the DPLL will continue to lock to the input, with little disturbance. Phase Locked Loops (PLLs) This section is in four parts; z Overview description of the PLLs z Architectural description, introducing the sub-blocks and their interconnection options for different frequency selection and jitter filtering z Description of PLL controls- phase error detector options, Loop bandwidth and damping selection z DPLL summary feature list. PLL Overview Fast Activity Monitor Anomalies on the selected clock have to be detected as they occur and the PLL must be temporarily isolated until the clock is once again pure. The SEC activity monitor cannot be used for this because the high degree of accuracy required dictates that the process be slow. To achieve the immediacy required, the PLL uses an alternative mechanism. The phase locked loop itself Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. contains an additional fast activity monitor such that within approximately two missing input clock cycles, a no-activity flag is raised and the DPLL is frozen in Digital Holdover mode. This flag generates LOS (Loss of Signal) alarm on pin LOS_ALARM. The PLL circuitry comprises the following blocks shown in Figure 1: Two Digital PLLs (DPLL1 and DPLL2), two output multiplying and filtering Analog PLLs (APLL1 and APLL2), output frequency dividers in an Output Port Frequency Selection block, a synthesis block, multiplexers MUX1 and MUX2, and a feedback Analog PLL (APLL3). These functional blocks, and their interconnections, are highly configurable, via register control, which provides a Page 10 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL range of output frequencies and levels of jitter performance. However if the device is configured by hardware alone, then the PLLs are configured as shown in Table 7 and 8. Digital Synthesis is used to generate all required SONET/SDH output frequencies. The digital logic operates at 204.8 MHz that is multiplied up from the external 12.800 MHz oscillator module. Hence the best resolution of the output signals from the DPLLs is one 204.8 MHz cycle or 4.9 ns. Additional resolution and lower final output jitter is provided by a de-jittering APLL that reduces the 4.9 ns pk-pk jitter from the digital down to 500 ps pk-pk and 60 ps RMS as typical final outputs measured broadband (from 10 Hz to 1 GHz). This arrangement combines the advantages of the flexibility and repeatability of a DPLL with the low jitter of an APLL. The DPLLs in the ACS8526 are programmable for parameters of bandwidth (18, 35 and 70 Hz) and damping factor (from 1.2 to 20). See Sections ‘‘DPLL1 Jitter Transfer Characteristic, (Freq. = 1.544 MHz, Jitter = 0.2 UI pk-pk, Damping Factor = 5)’’ on page 14, and ‘‘Damping Factor Programmability’’ on page 15. DPLL1 input frequency is programmable with 12 common SONET/SDH spot frequencies. See cnfg_nominal_frequency Reg. 3C and Reg. 3D The DPLL has programmable frequency acceptance and output range (from 0 to 80 ppm) set by the allowable offset between the expected input frequency and the calibrated external frequency, Reg. 41 and Reg. 42). There is no requirement to understand the loop filter equations or detailed gain parameters since all high level factors such as overall bandwidth can be set directly in registers via the microprocessor interface. No external critical components are required for either the internal DPLLs or APLLs, providing another key advantage over traditional discrete designs. DPLL1 always produces an output at 77.76 MHz to feed the APLL, regardless of the frequency selected at the output pins or the locking frequency (frequency at the input of the Phase and Frequency Detector- PFD). Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. DPLL2 can be operated at a number of frequencies. This is to enable the generation of extra output frequencies, which cannot be easily related to 77.76 MHz. If DPLL2 is enabled, it locks to the 8 kHz from DPLL1. This is because all of the frequencies of operation of DPLL2 can be divided to 8 kHz and this will ensure synchronization of frequencies, from 8kHz upwards, within the two DPLLs. Both of the DPLLs’ outputs can be connected to multiplying and filtering APLLs. The outputs of these APLLs are divided making a number of frequencies simultaneously available for selection at the output clock ports. The various combinations of DPLL, APLL and divider configurations allow for generation of a comprehensive set of frequencies, as listed in Table 9, “Output Frequency Selection,” on page 19. A function is provided to synchronise the lower output frequencies when DPLL1 is locked to a high frequency reference input. The dividers that generate the 2 kHz and 8 kHz outputs are reset such that the output 2/8 kHz clocks are lined up with the input 2 kHz. The PLL configurations required for particular output frequencies are described in ‘‘Output Frequency Selection by Hardware’’ on page 17, and ‘‘Output Frequency Selection by Register Programming’’ on page 17. An advanced feature of the device is its ability to control the amount of jitter and wander that is tolerated on the input. This is achieved by the configuration of the Phase and Frequency detectors within the DPLLs, which determines the phase error input to the Digital Loop Filter. For basic operation, the configuration should not be changed from the default settings. PLL Architecture Figure 4 shows the PLL arrangement in more detail. Each DPLL comprises a generic Phase and Frequency Detector (PFD) with a Digital Loop filter, together with Forward, Feedback, and Low Frequency (LF) (DPLL1 only) Digital Frequency Synthesis (DFS) blocks. The Forward DFS block represents a Digital Timed Oscillator (DTO). Page 11 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Figure 4 FINAL PLL Block Diagram sts_current_phase DPLL2_frequency DPLL1_freq_to_APLL2 DPLL2 0 Forward DFS PFD and Loop Filter 8 kHz MUX 2 DPLL2_dig_ feedback APLL2 APLL2 Output Dividers 01 and 02 APLL1 APLL1 Output Dividers 01 and 02 1 1 Feedback DFS 0 8 kHz DPLL1_frequency 0 DPLL1 1 DPLL1 Reference Input PFD and Loop Filter LF Output DFS 0 sts_current_phase MUX X 1 1 FrSync MFrSync O1 and O2 DPLL1_frequency 77M Forward DFS APLL3 1 Locking Frequency Feedback DFS 0 Analog F8526D_017BLOCKDIA_01 The DPLL architecture for DPLL1 is more complex than that of DPLL2. See “DPLL Feature Summary” on page 16. The selected SEC input is always supplied to DPLL1. DPLL1 may use either digital feedback or analog feedback (via APLL3). DPLL2 always takes its feed from DPLL1 and cannot be used to select a different input to that of DPLL1. DFS is a technique for generating an output frequency using a higher frequency system clock (204.8 MHz in the case of the 77.76 MHz synthesis). However, the edges of the output clock are not ideally placed in time, since all edges of the output clock will be aligned to the active edge of the system clock. This means that the generated clock will inherently have jitter on it equivalent to one period of the system clock. DPLL1 and APLLs DPLL1 always produces 77.76 MHz. The input reference is either passed directly to the PFD or via a pre-divider (not shown) to produce the reference input. The feedback 77.76 MHz is either divided or synthesized to generate the locking frequency. The DPLL1 77M Forward DFS block uses DFS clocked by the 204.8 MHz system clock to synthesize the 77.76 MHz Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. and, therefore, has an inherent 4.9 ns of pk-pk jitter. There is an option to use a feedback APLL (APLL3) to filter out this jitter before the 77.76 MHz is used to generate the feedback locking frequency in the DPLL1 feedback DFS block. This analog feedback option allows a lower jitter (<1 ns) feedback signal to give maximum performance. The 77.76 MHz is fed to DPLL1 LF Output DFS block and to APLL1. The low frequency DPLL1 LF Output DFS block is used to produce three frequencies; two of them, Digital1 and Digital2, are available for selection to be produced at outputs O1 and O2, and the third frequency can produce multiple E1/DS1 rates via the filtering APLLs. The input clock to the DPLL1 LF Output DFS block is 77.76 MHz from APLL1 (post jitter filtering) or 77.76 MHz direct from the DPLL1 77M Forward DFS. Utilizing the clock from APLL1 will result in lower jitter outputs from the DPLL1 LF Output DFS block. However, when the input to the APLL1 is taken from the DPLL1 LF Output DFS block, the input to that block comes directly from the DPLL1 77M Forward DFS block so that a “loop” is not created. APLL1 is for multiplying and filtering. The input to APLL1 is controlled by MUX 1 (see ‘‘Multiplexers’’ on page 13). The Page 12 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL frequency from APLL1 is four times its input frequency i.e. 311.04 MHz when used with a 77.76 MHz input. APLL1 is subsequently divided by 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 48 and these are available at the O1 and O2 Outputs. DPLL2 & APLLs DPLL2 is simpler than DPLL1. DPLL2 offers no low frequency output. The DPLL2 input can only be used to lock to DPLL1. Unlike DPLL1, the DPLL2 Forward DFS block does not always generate 77.76 MHz. The possible frequencies are listed in Table 12, “APLL2 Frequencies,” on page 24. Similarly to DPLL1, the output of the DPLL2 Forward DFS block is generated using DFS clocked by the 204.8 MHz system clock and will have an inherent jitter of 4.9 ns. The DPLL2 feedback DFS also has the facility to be able to use the post APLL2 (jitter-filtered) clock to generate the feedback locking frequency. Again, this will give the maximum performance by using a low jitter feedback. FrSync, MFrSync, 2 kHz and 8 kHz Clock Outputs Whilst the FrSync and MFrSync Outputs are always supplied from DPLL1, the 2 kHz and 8 kHz options available from the O1 and O2 Outputs can be supplied from either DPLL1 or DPLL2 (Reg. 7A Bit 7). Multiplexers Multiplexers MUX1 and MUX2 are used to select the appropriate inputs to the Analog PLLs. The function they represent is controlled by cnfg_DPLL1_frequency Reg. 65. APLL1 Input Selection using MUX 1 z DPLL1 77M Forward DFS block (77.76 MHz) with analog feedback (no synthesis) selected for input to APLL1 (Reg. 65 Bit [2:0]) set to 000 z DPLL1 77M Forward DFS block (77.76 MHz) with digital feedback (no synthesis) selected for input to APLL1 (Reg. 65 Bit [2:0]) set to 001 z DPLL1 LF Output DFS block selected for input to APLL1 APLL2 block is also for multiplying and filtering. The input to APLL2 is controlled by MUX 2 (see ‘‘Multiplexers’’ on page 13) and can come either from the DPLL2 Forward DFS block or from DPLL1. The frequency generated from the APLL2 is four times its input frequency i.e. 311.04 MHz when used with a 77.76 MHz input. APLL2 is subsequently divided by 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 48 and 64 and these are available at the O1 and 02 Outputs. “Digital” Frequencies DFS is also carried out by DPLL1 LF Output DFS block in Figure 4 (E1/DS1 Synthesis block in Figure 1). This block is clocked either by the DPLL1 77M Forward DFS block or via the APLL1, and generates the single frequencies Digital1 and Digital2 (see Table 13 and Table 14). The input clock frequency of the DFS is always 77.76 MHz and as such has a period of approximately 12 ns. The jitter generated on the Digital outputs is relatively high, because they do not pass through an APLL for jitter filtering. The minimum level of jitter is when DPLL1 is in analog feedback mode, when the pk-pk jitter will be approximately 13 ns (equivalent to a period of the DFS clock). The maximum jitter is generated when in digital feedback mode, when the total is approximately 18 ns. The E1/DS1 Synthesis block generates the E1/DS1 rates for the APLLs, using the output from DPLL1. It generates 12E1, 16E1, 16DS1 or 24DS1, for selection by MUX1. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. • • • • 12E1 (Reg. 65 Bit [2:0] set to 010) 16E1 (Reg. 65 Bit [2:0] set to 011) 24DS1 (Reg. 65 Bit [2:0] set to 100) 16DS1 (Reg. 65 Bit [2:0] set to 101). APLL2 Input Selection using MUX 2 z DPLL2 Forward DFS block selected for input to APLL2 (Reg. 65 Bit 6 = 1). The input frequency is selected from the operating frequency of DPLL2 (Reg. 64 Bits [2:0]) i.e 12E1, 24DS1, 16E1, 16DS1, E3, DS3, OC-N z DPLL1 + Synthesis selected for input to APLL2 • • • • 12E1 (Reg. 65 Bit 6 = 0 and Bit [5:4] set to 00) 16E1 (Reg. 65 Bit 6 = 0 and Bit [5:4] set to 01) 24DS1 (Reg. 65 Bit 6 = 0 and Bit [5:4] set to 10) 16DS1 (Reg. 65 Bit 6 = 0 and Bit [5:4] set to 11). Notes: (i) DPLL2 output cannot be selected for input to APLL1 (ii) If both multiplexers select digital synthesis, the same frequency value must be selected in Reg. 65 Bit [2:0] and Reg. 65 Bit [5:4]. APLLs There are three main APLLs. APLL1 and APLL2 provide a lower final output jitter reducing the 4.9 ns pk-pk jitter from the digital down to 500 ps pk-pk and 60 ps RMS as typical final outputs measured broadband (from 10 Hz to 1 GHz). The feedback APLL (APLL3) is selected by default; it provides improved performance over the digital feedback. Page 13 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL APLL Output Dividers PLL Operational Controls Each APLL has its own divider. Each divider simultaneously outputs a series of fixed ratios of its APLL input. Any of these divided outputs may be selected as the output on Outputs O1 or O2 by configuring Reg. 61 and Reg. 62, with the following exceptions: (APLL1)/2 and (APLL1)/1 only available for Output 01 (differential port), and (APLL1)/48 only available for Output 02. The main factors controlling the operation of the PLL are: PFD and Loop Filters The PFD compares the input reference with that of the locking frequency (feedback) giving a phase error which is then filtered by a 100Hz low pass filter, to give the average phase error for input into a loop filter. The PFD is quite complex and has several programmable options to determine what phase error value is fed to the loop (See “Phase and Frequency Detectors” on page 15”) depending on the type of jitter/wander expected. The loop filter bandwidth and damping is programmable to optimize the locking time/ability to track the input. See “DPLL1 Jitter Transfer Characteristic, (Freq. = 1.544 MHz, Jitter = 0.2 UI pk-pk, Damping Factor = 5)” on page 14 and “Damping Factor Programmability” on page 15. Figure 5 1. Input reference and feedback frequency selection See “PLL Architecture” on page 11, and ‘‘Input Locking Frequency Modes’’ on page 7. 2. Loop Bandwidth and Damping factor of the DPLLs these determine how fast the device can to lock to the selected input, or how tightly it can track the input. 3. PFD settings - these affect the input phase error to the Loop filter and relate to jitter and wander tolerance See “Phase/Frequency/Lock Detection” on page 15. DPLL1 initially tries to lock to the input frequency of the selected input SEC. By default, it uses a wide “acquisition” bandwidth setting until it has achieved frequency lock, then DPLL1 switches to using a narrower “Locked” bandwidth setting as it locks to the phase of the input. Input Acquisition Bandwidth DPLL1 has programmable acquisition bandwidth of 18, 35 or 70 Hz. The default is set to 70 Hz. DPLL1 Jitter Transfer Characteristic, (Freq. = 1.544 MHz, Jitter = 0.2 UI pk-pk, Damping Factor = 5) Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 14 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Input Locked Bandwidth Phase/Frequency/Lock Detection The ACS8526 has programmable “Locked” bandwidth of 18, 35 or 70 Hz. These bandwidth settings correspond to the -3 dB jitter attenuation point on the ACS8526’s jitter transfer characteristic shown in Figure 5. Two main types of detector are available in the ACS8526: The DPLL damping factor is set by default to provide a maximum wander gain peak of around 0.1 dB. Many of the specifications (e.g. GR-1244-CORE [13], G.812[7] and G.813[8]) specify a wander transfer gain of less than 0.2 dB. GR-253[11] specifies jitter (not wander) transfer of less than 0.1 dB. To accommodate the required levels of transfer gain, the ACS8526 provides a choice of damping factors, with more choice given as the bandwidth setting increases into the frequency regions classified as jitter. Table 5 shows which damping factors are available for selection at the different bandwidth settings, and the corresponding jitter transfer approximate gain peak. Table 5 Available Damping Factors for different DPLL Bandwidths, and Associated Gain Peak Values 18 35 70 Damping Factor selected Gain Peak/dB 1 1.2 0.4 2 2.5 0.2 3, 4, 5 5 0.1 1 1.2 0.4 2 2.5 0.2 3 5 0.1 4, 5 10 0.06 1 1.2 0.4 2 2.5 0.2 3 5 0.1 4 10 0.06 5 20 0.03 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. z Phase Loss/Lock detectors. There are two multi-phase and frequency detectors, one for each DPLL. The multi-phase and frequency detectors are used to compare input and feedback clocks. They operate at input frequencies up to 77.76 MHz (155.52 MHz is internally divided down to 77.76 MHz). Damping Factor Programmability Reg. 6B [2:0] Phase and frequency detectors, and Phase and Frequency Detectors If the ACS8526 is used with only DPLL1, the highest bandwidth setting is recommended to ensure the best tracking of the input SEC. If DPLL2 is also to be used, DPLL1 should be set to a lower bandwidth setting than DPLL2. The lowest bandwidth setting will provide the highest jitter attenuation, although this is not the main function of the ACS8526 device. Bandwidth/Hz z A common arrangement however is to use Lock8k mode (See Bit 6 of Reg. 22 and 23), where all input frequencies are divided down to 8 kHz internally. Marginally better MTIE figures may be possible in direct lock mode due to more regular phase updates. This direct locking capability is one of the unique features of the ACS8526. A multi-phase detector (patent pending) approach is used in order to give an infinitesimally small input phase resolution combined with large jitter tolerance. A multi-phase detector comprises the following phase detectors: z Phase and frequency detector (± 360°, or ± 180° range). z An Early/Late phase detector for fine resolution. z A multi-cycle phase detector for large input jitter tolerance (up to 8191 UI), which captures and remembers phase differences of many cycles between input and feedback clocks. The phase detectors can be configured to be immune to occasional missing input clock pulses by using nearest edge detection (± 180°capture) or the normal ± 360° phase capture range which gives frequency locking. The device will automatically switch to nearest edge locking when it has detected that phase lock has been achieved. It is possible to disable the selection of nearest edge locking via Reg. 03 Bit 6 (set to 1). In this setting, frequency locking will always be enabled. The balance between the first two types of phase detector employed can be adjusted via Reg. 6A, 6C and 6D. The default settings should be sufficient for all modes. Adjustment of these settings affects only small signal overshoot and bandwidth. The multi-cycle phase detector (wide-range) is enabled via Reg. 74, Bit 6 set to 1 and the range is set in exponentially increasing steps from ± 1 UI up to 8191 UI via Reg. 74, Bits [3:0]. Page 15 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL When this detector is enabled it keeps a track of the correct phase position over many cycles of phase difference to give excellent jitter tolerance. This provides an alternative to switching to Lock8k mode as a method of achieving high jitter tolerance. DPLL Feature Summary z Multiple E1 and DS1 outputs supported An additional control (Reg. 74 Bit 5) enables the multi-phase detector value to be used in the final phase value as part of the DPLL loop. When enabled by setting High, the multi cycle phase value will be used in the loop and gives faster pull-in (but more overshoot). The characteristics of the loop will be similar to Lock8k mode where again large input phase differences contribute to the loop dynamics. Setting the bit Low only uses a max figure of 360° in the loop and will give slower pull-in but gives less overshoot. The final phase position that the loop has to pull in to is still tracked and remembered by the multi-cycle phase detector in either case. z Low jitter MFrSync (2 kHz) and FrSync (8 kHz) outputs z Multiple phase loss and multiple phase detectors (see “DPLL1 Advanced Features”) z Direct PLL locking to common SONET/SDH input frequencies or any multiple of 8 kHz z Fast detection on input failure and entry into Digital Holdover mode (holds at the current frequency value) z Frequency translation between input and output rates via direct digital synthesis z High accuracy digital architecture for stable PLL dynamics combined with an APLL for low jitter final output clocks Phase Lock/Loss Detectors z Selectable Automatic DPLL bandwidth control (auto* selects either Locked bandwidth, or Acquisition bandwidth), or Locked DPLL bandwidth (Reg. 3B Bit 7). z Programmable bandwidth controls: (* = hardware default selection) DPLL1 Main Features Phase lock/loss detection is handled in several ways. Phase loss can be triggered from: z The fine phase lock detector, which measures the phase between input and feedback clock z The coarse phase lock detector, which monitors whole cycle slips z Detection that the DPLL is at min. or max. frequency z Detection of no activity on the input z Each of these sources of phase loss indication is individually enabled via registers bits (see Reg. 73 and 74). Phase lock or loss is used to determine whether to switch to nearest edge locking and whether to use acquisition or normal bandwidth settings for the DPLL. Acquisition bandwidth is used for faster pull-in from an unlocked state. The coarse phase lock detector detects phase differences of n cycles between input and feedback clocks, where n is set by Reg. 74, Bits [3:0]; the same register that is used for the coarse phase detector range, since these functions go hand in hand. This detector may be used in the case where it is required that a phase loss indication is not given for reasonable amounts of input jitter and so the fine phase loss detector is disabled and the coarse detector is used instead. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. • Locked bandwidth: 18, 35* or 70 Hz (Reg. 67) • Acquisition bandwidth: 18, 35 or 70* Hz (Reg. 69) • Damping factor, (For optional faster locking and peaking control) Factors = 1.2, 2.5, 5, 10* or 20 (Reg. 6B, Bits [2:0]) Programmable DPLL pull-in frequency range (Reg. 41, Reg. 42). DPLL1 Advanced Features Phase Loss Indicators z Phase loss fine limit. on*/off (Reg. 73 Bit 7) and programmable range 0 to 7 Dec. (Reg. 73 Bits [2:0]) z Multi-cycle phase loss course limit, on*/off (Reg. 74 Bit 7) and selectable range from ±(1 to 8191) UI in 13 steps (Reg. 74 Bits [3:0]). Phase Detector Controls z Multi-cycle phase detector - Course phase detector & capture range on*/off (Reg. 74 Bit 6) and selectable range from ± (1 to 8191) UI in 13 steps (Reg. 74 Bits [3:0]). If selected, this feature increases jitter and wander tolerance to a maximum of 8192 UI (normally limited to ±0.5 UI) z Use of coarse phase detector result in DPLL algorithm, on*/off (Reg. 74 Bit 5) - speeds up phase locking Page 16 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION z z FINAL Limit DPLL1 Integral when at DPLL frequency limit, on*/off (Reg. 3B Bit 3) - reduces overshoot Advanced Phase Detector Controls z PD2 gain control enable, on*/off (Reg. 6C Bit 7) If on, this allows automatic gain selection according to the type of feedback to the DPLL (For the digital feedback setting, the gain used for PD2 is given by (Reg. 6C Bits [2:0]). If off, PD2 is not used z Adjustable gain settings for PD2 (with auto switching enabled), for the following feedback cases: Anti-noise filter for low frequency inputs, on/off* (Reg. 76 Bit 7). Advanced Phase Detector Controls z z DPLL1 PD2 gain enable, on*/off (Reg. 6D Bit 7) If on, this allows automatic gain selection according to the type of feedback to the DPLL (For the digital feedback setting, the gain used for PD2 is given by Reg. 6D Bits [2:0]). If off, PD2 is not used. Adjustable gain settings for PD2 (when enabled), for the following feedback cases: • Digital feedback (Reg. 6D Bits [2:0]) • Analog feedback (all frequencies above 8 kHz) (Reg. 6D Bits [6:4]) • Analog 8k (or less) feedback (Reg. 6B Bits [2:0]). DPLL2 Main Features z Always locked to DPLL1 z Programmable controls • Damping factor, (For optional faster locking and peaking control) Factors = 1.2, 2.5, 5*, 10 or 20. Digital feedback, on*/off (Reg. 35 Bit 6) z Output frequency selection (Reg. 64) • DS3/E3 support (44.736 MHz / 34.368 MHz) independent of rates from DPLL1 • Low jitter E1/DS1 options independent of rates from DPLL1 • Frequencies of n x E1/DS1 including 16 and 12 x E1, and 16 and 24 x DS1 supported • Squelched (clock off) z Can provide the source for the 2 kHz and 8 kHz outputs available at Outputs 01 and 02 (Reg. 7A Bit 7). The ACS8526 delivers four output signals on the following ports: Two clocks, one each on Output O1 and O2, and two Sync signals, one each on output ports FrSync and MFrSync. Outputs O1 and O2 are independent of each other and are individually selectable. Output 01 is a differential port (pins O1POS and O1NEG), and can be selected to be PECL or LVDS via Reg. 3A cnfg_differential_output. Output O2 (pin O2) and the Sync outputs are TTL/CMOS compatible. The frequencies available on the outputs can be selected from a range of spot frequencies by either: z Hardware selection: configuring the hardware pins OP_FREQ1 [2:0], OP_FREQ2[2:0] and SONSDH, which are read on reset, or z Register programming: writing to the registers after the end of the initialization period. Output Frequency Selection by Hardware Tables 6 and 7 show the hardware settings for selecting particular output frequencies on Outputs 01 and 02. Note that the hardware frequency selection method provides only a subset (11) of the total number of frequencies (55) available when selecting by register programming. Output Frequency Selection by Register Programming DPLL2 Advanced Features The advanced features are the same as those for DPLL1, with DPLL2 using the configuration values for DPLL1, with the following exceptions: Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Outputs The two Sync outputs, FrSync (8 kHz) and MFrSync (2 kHz), are derived from DPLL1. • Locked bandwidth: 18*, 35 or 70 Hz z • Digital feedback (Reg. 6C Bits [2:0]) • Analog feedback (all frequencies above 8K) (Reg. 6C Bits [6:4]) • Analog 8k (or less) feedback (Reg. 6A Bits [2:0]). The output frequencies on O1 and O2 are controlled by a number of interdependent parameters (refer to ‘‘PLL Architecture’’ on page 11). The frequencies of the output clocks are selectable from a range of pre-defined spot frequencies/port technologies, as defined in Table 8. Page 17 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Table 6 Output 01 Frequency Selection by Hardware Configuration O1_FREQ 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 SONSDHB Pin Output Frequency/ MHz DPLL Selected X 0 - DPLL Mode Jitter Level (typ) rms (ps) pk-pk (ns) - - - 0 34.368 DPLL2 E3 120 1 1 44.736 DPLL2 DS3 110 1 0 X 19.44 DPLL1 Analog feedback 60 0.6 1 1 X 25.92 DPLL1 Analog feedback 60 0.6 1 0 0 X 38.88 DPLL1 Analog feedback 60 0.6 1 0 1 X 51.84 DPLL1 Analog feedback 60 0.6 1 1 0 X 77.76 DPLL1 Analog feedback 60 0.6 1 1 1 X 155.52 DPLL1 Analog feedback 60 0.6 Output Frequency/ MHz DPLL Selected DPLL Mode 0 - 2.048 Table 7 Output 02 Frequency Selection by Hardware Configuration O2_FREQ 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 SONSDHB O1_FREQ Pin = “001” X 0 1 0 1 X FALSE TRUE Jitter Level (typ) rms (ps) pk-pk (ns) - - - DPLL2 16E1 400 2 1.544 DPLL2 16DS1 200 1.2 2.048 DPLL1 12E1 900 0.45 3.088 DPLL1 24DS1 110 0.75 0 X 34.368 DPLL2 E3 120 1 1 X 44.736 DPLL2 DS3 110 1 1 X X 19.44 DPLL1 Analog feedback 60 0.6 0 0 X X 25.92 DPLL1 Analog feedback 60 0.6 1 0 1 X X 38.88 DPLL1 Analog feedback 60 0.6 1 1 0 X X 51.84 DPLL1 Analog feedback 60 0.6 1 1 1 X X 77.76 DPLL1 Analog feedback 60 0.6 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 18 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL 3. Refer to Table 11, APLL1 Frequencies, and Table 12, APLL2 Frequencies, to determine in what mode DPLL1 and DPLL2 need to be configured, considering the output jitter level. Outputs O1 & O2 Frequency Configuration Steps The output frequency selection is performed in the following steps: 1. Refer to Table 10, Frequency Divider Look-up, to choose a set of output frequencies. 2. Refer to the Table 10 to determine the required APLL frequency to support the frequency set. 4. Refer to Table 13, O1 and O2 Output Frequency Selection, and the column headings in Table 10, Frequency Divider Look-up, to select the appropriate frequency from either of the APLLs on each output as required. Table 8 Output Reference Source Selection Table Port Name Output Port Technology Frequencies Supported Output O1 LVDS/PECL (LVDS default) Output O2 TTL/CMOS FrSync TTL/CMOS FrSync, 8 kHz programmable pulse width and polarity, see Reg. 7A. MFrSync TTL/CMOS MFrSync, 2 kHz programmable pulse width and polarity, see Reg. 7A. Frequency selection as per Table 9 and Table 13 Note...1.544 MHz/2.048 MHz are shown for SONET/SDH respectively. Pin SONSDHB controls default. When High, SONET is default. Table 9 Output Frequency Selection Frequency (MHz, unless stated otherwise) DPLL1 Mode DPLL2 Mode APLL2 Input Mux Jitter Level (typ) rms (ps) pk-pk (ns) 2 kHz 77.76 MHz Analog - - 60 0.6 2 kHz Any digital feedback mode - - 1400 5 8 kHz 77.76 MHz Analog - - 60 0.6 8 kHz Any digital feedback mode - - 1400 5 Select DPLL2 500 2.3 Select DPLL1 12E1 250 1.5 Select DPLL2 200 1.2 Select DPLL1 16DS1 150 1.0 1.536 - 12E1 mode 1.536 - - 1.544 - 1.544 - 16DS1 mode - 1.544 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) 77.76 MHz Analog - - 3800 13 1.544 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) Any digital feedback mode - - 3800 18 Select DPLL2 500 2.3 Select DPLL1 12E1 250 1.5 Select DPLL2 400 2.0 2.048 - 12E1 mode 2.048 - - 2.048 - 16E1 mode Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 19 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Table 9 Output Frequency Selection (cont...) Frequency (MHz, unless stated otherwise) DPLL1 Mode 2.048 DPLL2 Mode - - APLL2 Input Mux Select DPLL1 16E1 Jitter Level (typ) rms (ps) pk-pk (ns) 220 1.2 2.048 (not Output O1) 12E1 mode - - 900 4.5 2.048 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) 77.76 MHz Analog - - 3800 13 2.048 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) Any digital feedback mode - - 3800 18 Select DPLL2 200 1.2 Select DPLL1 16DS1 150 1.0 760 2.6 2.059 - 2.059 - - 16DS1 mode - 2.059 (not Output O1) 16DS1 mode - 2.316 - 24DS1 mode Select DPLL2 110 0.75 2.316 - - Select DPLL1 24DS1 110 0.75 2.731 - 16E1 mode Select DPLL2 400 1.5 2.731 - - Select DPLL1 16E1 220 1.2 250 1.6 2.731 (not Output O1) 16E1 mode - - 2.796 - DS3 mode Select DPLL2 110 1.0 3.088 - 24DS1 mode Select DPLL2 110 0.75 3.088 - - Select DPLL1 24DS1 110 0.75 3.088 (not Output O1) 24DS1 mode - - 110 0.75 3.088 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) 77.76 MHz Analog - - 3800 13 3.088 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) Any digital feedback mode - - 3800 18 110 1.0 3.728 - DS3 mode Select DPLL2 4.096 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) 77.76 MHz Analog - - 3800 13 4.096 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) Any digital feedback mode - - 3800 18 4.296 - E3 mode Select DPLL2 120 1.0 4.86 - 77.76 MHz mode Select DPLL2 60 0.6 5.728 - E3 mode Select DPLL2 120 1.0 900 4.5 Select DPLL2 500 2.3 Select DPLL1 12E1 250 1.5 760 2.6 200 1.2 6.144 12E1 mode - 6.144 - 12E1 mode 6.144 - - 6.176 16DS1 mode - 6.176 - Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. 16DS1 mode Page 20 - Select DPLL2 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Table 9 Output Frequency Selection (cont...) Frequency (MHz, unless stated otherwise) DPLL1 Mode 6.176 DPLL2 Mode - - APLL2 Input Mux Select DPLL1 16DS1 Jitter Level (typ) rms (ps) pk-pk (ns) 150 1.0 6.176 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) 77.76 MHz Analog - - 3800 13 6.176 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) Any digital feedback mode - - 3800 18 60 0.6 6.48 - 77.76 MHz mode Select DPLL2 6.48 (not Output O1) 77.76 MHz analog - - 60 0.6 6.48 (not Output O1) 77.76 MHz digital - - 60 0.6 8.192 12E1 mode - - 900 4.5 8.192 16E1 mode - - 250 1.6 Select DPLL2 400 2.0 Select DPLL1 16E1 220 1.2 8.192 - 16E1 mode 8.192 - - 8.192 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) 77.76 MHz Analog - - 3800 13 8.192 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) Any digital feedback mode - - 3800 18 8.235 16DS1 mode - - 760 2.6 9.264 24DS1 mode - - 110 0.75 9.264 - Select DPLL2 110 0.75 9.264 - Select DPLL1 24DS1 110 0.75 250 1.6 110 1.0 900 4.5 Select DPLL2 500 2.3 Select DPLL1 12E1 250 1.5 10.923 16E1 mode 11.184 - 12.288 12E1 mode 24DS1 mode DS3 mode Select DPLL2 - - 12.288 - 12E1 mode 12.288 - - 12.352 24DS1 mode - - 110 0.75 12.352 16DS1 mode - - 760 2.6 12.352 - Select DPLL2 200 1.2 12.352 - Select DPLL1 16DS1 150 1.0 16DS1 mode - 12.352 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) 77.76 MHz Analog - - 3800 13 12.352 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) Any digital feedback mode - - 3800 18 16.384 12E1 mode - - 900 4.5 16.384 16E1 mode - - 250 1.6 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 21 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Table 9 Output Frequency Selection (cont...) Frequency (MHz, unless stated otherwise) DPLL1 Mode DPLL2 Mode 16.384 - 16E1 mode 16.384 - - APLL2 Input Mux Jitter Level (typ) rms (ps) pk-pk (ns) Select DPLL2 400 2.0 Select DPLL1 16E1 220 1.2 16.384 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) 77.76 MHz Analog - - 3800 13 16.384 via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1) Any digital feedback mode - - 3800 18 16.469 16DS1 mode - - 760 2.6 17.184 - 120 1.0 18.528 24DS1 mode 110 0.75 18.528 - Select DPLL2 110 0.75 18.528 - Select DPLL1 24DS1 110 0.75 E3 mode Select DPLL2 - 24DS1 mode - - 19.44 77.76 MHz analog - - 60 0.6 19.44 77.76 MHz digital - - 60 0.6 60 0.6 250 1.6 110 1.0 900 4.5 Select DPLL2 500 2.3 Select DPLL1 12E1 250 1.5 19.44 21.845 16E1 mode 22.368 24.576 77.76MHz mode - - DS3 mode 12E1 mode Select DPLL2 Select DPLL2 - - 24.576 - 12E1 mode 24.576 - - 24.704 24DS1 mode - - 110 0.75 24.704 16DS1 mode - - 760 2.6 24.704 - Select DPLL2 200 1.2 24.704 - - Select DPLL1 16DS1 150 1.0 16DS1 mode 25.92 77.76 MHz analog - - 60 0.6 25.92 77.76 MHz digital - - 60 0.6 32.768 16E1 mode - - 250 1.6 Select DPLL2 400 2.0 Select DPLL1 16E1 220 1.2 Select DPLL2 120 1.0 110 0.75 Select DPLL2 110 0.75 Select DPLL1 24DS1 110 0.75 32.768 - 16E1 mode 32.768 - - 34.368 - 37.056 24DS1 mode 37.056 - 37.056 - Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. E3 mode 24DS1 mode - Page 22 - www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Table 9 Output Frequency Selection (cont...) Frequency (MHz, unless stated otherwise) DPLL1 Mode DPLL2 Mode APLL2 Input Mux Jitter Level (typ) rms (ps) pk-pk (ns) 38.88 77.76 MHz analog - - 60 0.6 38.88 77.76 MHz digital - - 60 0.6 38.88 - 77.76 MHz mode Select DPLL2 60 0.6 44.736 - DS3 mode Select DPLL2 110 1.0 49.152 (Output O1 only) 12E1 mode - - 900 4.5 49.408 (Output O1 only) 16DS1 mode - - 760 2.6 51.84 77.76 MHz analog - - 60 0.6 51.84 77.76 MHz digital - - 60 0.6 65.536 (Output O1 only) 16E1 mode - - 250 1.6 120 1.0 68.736 74.112 (Output O1 only) E3 mode Select DPLL2 24DS1 mode - - 110 0.75 77.76 77.76 MHz analog - - 60 0.6 77.76 77.76 MHz digital - - 60 0.6 60 0.6 77.76 - 77.76 MHz mode Select DPLL2 98.304 (Output O1 only) 12E1 mode - - 900 4.5 98.816 (Output O1 only) 16DS1 mode - - 760 2.6 131.07 16E1 mode - - 250 1.6 148.22 (Output O1 only) 24DS1 mode - - 110 0.75 155.52 (Output O1 only) 77.76 MHz analog - - 60 0.6 155.52 (Output O1 only) 77.76 MHz digital - - 60 0.6 311.04 (Output O1 only) 77.76 MHz analog - - 60 0.6 311.04 (Output O1 only) 77.76 MHz digital - - 60 0.6 (Output O1 only) Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 23 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Table 10 Frequency Divider Look-up Transmission Rate APLL Frequency APLL/2 APLL/4 APLL/6 51.84 APLL/8 OC-N Rates 311.04 155.52 77.76 38.88 E3 274.944 137.472 68.376 - 34.368 DS3 178.944 89.472 44.736 - 22.368 24DS1 148.224 74.112 37.056 24,704 18.528 16E1 131.072 65.536 32.768 21.84533 16DS1 98.816 49.408 24.704 12E1 98.304 49.152 24.576 APLL/12 25.92 APLL/16 APLL/48 APLL/64 19.44 6.48 4.86 - 17.184 5.728 4.296 - 11.184 3.728 2.796 12.352 9.264 3.088 2.316 16.384 10.92267 8.192 2.730667 2.048 16.46933 12.352 8.234667 6.176 2.058667 1.544 16.384 12.288 8.192 6.144 2.048 1.536 Note...All frequencies in MHz. Table 11 APLL1 Frequencies APLL1 Frequency Synthesis/MUX setting for APLL1 input DPLL1 Frequency Control Reg. 65 Bits[2:0] Output Jitter Level ns (pk-pk) 311.04 Normal (digital feedback) 000 <0.5 311.04 MHz Normal (analog feedback) 001 <0.5 98.304 MHz 12E1 (digital feedback) 010 <2 131.072 MHz 16E1 (digital feedback) 011 <2 148.224 MHz 24DS1 (digital feedback) 100 <2 98.816 MHz 16DS1 (digital feedback) 101 <2 - Do not use 110 - - Do not use 111 - Table 12 APLL2 Frequencies APLL2 Frequency DPLL Mode DPLL2 Forward DFS Frequency (MHz) DPLL2 Freq Control Register Bits Reg. 64 Bits [2:0] APLL2 Input from DPLL1 or 2. Reg. 65 Bit 6 DPLL1 + Synthesis Freq to APLL2 Register Bits Reg. 65 Bits [5:4] Output Jitter Level ns (pk-pk) 311.04 MHz DPLL2-Squelch 77.76 ed 000 0 (DPLL2 selected) XX <0.5 311.04 MHz DPLL2-Normal 77.76 001 0 (DPLL2 selected) XX <0.5 98.304 MHz DPLL2-12E1 24.576 010 0 (DPLL2 selected) XX <0.5 131.072 MHz DPLL2-16E1 32.768 011 0 (DPLL2 selected) XX <0.5 148.224 MHz DPLL2-24DS1 37.056 (2*18.528) 100 0 (DPLL2 selected) XX <0.5 98.816 MHz DPLL2-16DS1 24.704 101 0 (DPLL2 selected) XX <0.5 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 24 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Table 12 APLL2 Frequencies (cont...) APLL2 Frequency DPLL Mode DPLL2 Forward DFS Frequency (MHz) DPLL2 Freq Control Register Bits Reg. 64 Bits [2:0] APLL2 Input from DPLL1 or 2. Reg. 65 Bit 6 DPLL1 + Synthesis Freq to APLL2 Register Bits Reg. 65 Bits [5:4] Output Jitter Level ns (pk-pk) 274.944 MHz DPLL2-E3 68.736 (2*34.368) 110 0 (DPLL2 selected) XX <0.5 178.944 MHz DPLL2-DS3 44.736 111 0 (DPLL2 selected) XX <0.5 98.304 MHz DPLL1-12E1 - XXX 1 (DPLL1 selected) 00 <2 131.072 MHz DPLL1-16E1 - XXX 1 (DPLL1 selected) 01 <2 148.224 MHz DPLL1-24DS1 - XXX 1 (DPLL1 selected) 10 <2 98.816 MHz DPLL1-16DS1 - XXX 1 (DPLL1 selected) 11 <2 Note...If using Synthesis for inputs to both APLL1 and APLL2, then they must both use the same synthesis settings “Digital” Frequencies Table 13, “O1 and O2 Output Frequency Selection,” lists Digital1 and Digital2 as available for selection. Digital1 is a single frequency selected from the range shown in Table 14. Digital2 is another single frequency selected from the same range. Table 13 O1 and O2 Output Frequency Selection Value Output O2 Reg. 61 Bits [3:0] Output O1 Reg. 62 Bits [7:4] 0000 Off Off 0001 2 kHz 2 kHz 0010 8 kHz 8 kHz 0011 Digital2 APLL1/2 0100 Digital1 Digital1 0101 APLL1/48 APLL1/1 0110 APLL1/16 APLL1/16 0111 APLL1/12 APLL1/12 1000 APLL1/8 APLL1/8 1001 APLL1/6 APLL1/6 1010 APLL1/4 APLL1/4 1011 APLL2/64 APLL2/64 1100 APLL2/48 APLL2/48 1101 APLL2/16 APLL2/16 1110 APLL2/8 APLL2/8 1111 APLL2/4 APLL2/4 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Using Output O2 to Control Pulse Width of 2/8 kHz on FrSync, MFrSync and 01 Outputs It can be seen from Table 13 (01 and 02 Output Frequency Selection) that frequencies listed as 2 kHz and 8 kHz can be selected. Whilst the FrSync and MFrSync outputs are always supplied from DPLL1, the 2 kHz and 8 kHz options available from the O1 and O2 outputs are all supplied via DPLL1 or DPLL2 (Reg. 7A Bit 7). The outputs can be either clocks (50:50 mark-space) or pulses, and can be inverted. When pulse configuration is used, the pulse width will be one cycle of the rate selected on Output O2 (Output O2 must be configured to generate at least 1,544 kHz to ensure that pulses are generated correctly). Figure 6 shows the various options with the 8 kHz controls in Reg. 7A. There is an identical arrangement with Reg. 7A Bits [1:0] for the 2 kHz 01 and MFrSync outputs. Outputs FrSync and MFrSync can be disabled via Reg. 63 Bits [7:6]. Page 25 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Figure 6 FINAL Control of 8k Options. 02 Output 02 Output FrSync at 8 kHz, or Output 01 at 8kHz FrSync at 8 kHz, or Output 01 at 8kHz a) Clock non-inverted, Reg.7A[3:2] = 00 c) Clock inverted, Reg.7A[3:2] = 10 02 Output 02 Output FrSync at 8 kHz, or Output 01 at 8kHz FrSync at 8 kHz, or Output 01 at 8kHz b) Pulse non-inverted, Reg.7A[3:2] = 01 d) Pulse inverted, Reg.7A[3:2] = 11 F8525_016outputoptions8k_01 Table 14 Digital Frequency Selections Digital1 Control Reg.39 Bits [5:4] Digital1 SONET/ SDH Reg. 38 Bit5 Digital1 Freq. (MHz) Digital2 Control Reg. 39 Bits[7:6] Digital2 SONET/SDH Reg.38 Bit6 Digital2 Freq. (MHz) 00 0 2.048 00 0 2.048 01 0 4.096 01 0 4.096 10 0 8.192 10 0 8.192 11 0 16.384 11 0 16.384 00 1 1.544 00 1 1.544 01 1 3.088 01 1 3.088 10 1 6.176 10 1 6.176 11 1 12.352 11 1 12.352 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 26 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Local Oscillator Clock FINAL Status Reporting The Master system clock on the ACS8526 should be provided by an external clock oscillator of frequency 12.800 MHz. Wander on the local oscillator clock will not have a significant effect on the output clock whilst in Locked mode. In Free-Run or Holdover mode wander on the crystal is more significant. Variation in crystal temperature or supply voltage both cause drifts in operating frequency, as does ageing. These effects must be limited by careful selection of a suitable component for the local oscillator. Please contact Semtech for information on crystal oscillator suppliers. Crystal Frequency Calibration The absolute crystal frequency accuracy is less important than the stability since any frequency offset can be compensated by adjustment of register values in the IC. This allows for calibration and compensation of any crystal frequency variation away from its nominal value. An adjustment of ± 50 ppm would be sufficient to cope with most crystals, in fact the range is an order of magnitude larger due to the use of two 8-bit register locations. The setting of the conf_nominal_frequency register allows for this adjustment. An increase in the register value increases the output frequencies by 0.0196229 ppm for each LSB step. Note...The default register value (in decimal) = 39321 (9999 hex) = 0 ppm offset. The minimum to maximum offset range of the register is 0 to 65535 (dec), giving an adjustment range of -770 ppm to +514 ppm of the output frequencies, in 0.0196229 ppm steps. Example: If the crystal was oscillating at 12.800 MHz + 5 ppm, then the calibration value in the register to give a - 5 ppm adjustment in output frequencies to compensate for the crystal inaccuracy, would be: 39321 - (5 / 0.0196) = 39066 (dec) = 989A (hex). Power-On Reset The Power-On Reset (PORB) pin resets the device if forced Low. The reset is asynchronous, the minimum Low pulse width is 5 ns. Reset is needed to initialize all of the register values to their defaults. Reset must be asserted at power on, and may be re-asserted at any time to restore defaults. This is implemented simply using an external capacitor to GND along with the internal pull-up resistor. The ACS8526 is held in a reset state for 250 ms after the PORB pin has been pulled High. In normal operation PORB should be held High. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Loss of Input Signal - LOS Flag In the event of loss of SEC input signal, LOS flag is raised on the LOS_ALARM pin. Status Information Status information can be read from the following Status Registers: z sts_current_DPLL_frequency (Reg. 0C, 0D, and 07) z sts_reference_sources (Reg. 11). The registers sts_current_DPLL_frequency report the frequency of DPLL1 or DPLL2 with respect to the external crystal XO frequency (after calibration via Reg. 3C, 3D if used). The selection of DPLL2 or DPLL1 reporting is made via Reg. 4B, Bit 4. The value is a 19-bit signed number with one LSB representing 0.0003068 ppm (range of ± 80 ppm). This value is actually the integral path value in the DPLL, and as such corresponds to an averaged measurement of the input frequency, with an averaging time inversely proportional to the DPLL bandwidth setting. Reading this regularly can show how the currently locked source is varying in value e.g. due to frequency wander on its input. Serial Interface The ACS8526 device has a serial interface which can be SPI compatible. The Motorola SPI convention is such that address and data is transmitted and received MSB first. On the ACS8526, device address and data are transmitted and received LSB first. Address, read/write control and data on the SDI pin is latched into the device on the rising edge of the SCLK. During a read operation, serial data output on the SDO pin can be read out of the device on either the rising or falling edge of the SCLK depending on the logic level of CLKE. For standard Motorola SPI compliance, data should be clocked out of the SDO pin on the rising edge of the SCLK so that it may be latched into the microprocessor on the falling edge of the SCLK. Figure 7 and 8 show the timing diagrams of write and read accesses for this interface. The serial interface clock (SCLK) is not required to run between accesses (i.e., when CSB = 1). Page 27 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Figure 7 FINAL Write Access Timing for SERIAL Interface CSB tsu2 tpw2 th2 SCLK th1 tsu1 _ SDI SDO R/W tpw1 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Output not driven, pulled low by internal resistor F8525D_014WriteAccSerial_01 Table 15 Write Access Timing for SERIAL Interface (For use with Figure 7) Symbol Parameter MIN TYP MAX tSU1 Setup SDI valid to SCLKrising edge 4 ns - - tSU2 Setup CSBfalling edge to SCLKrising edge 14 ns - - tpw1 SCLK Low time 22 ns - - tpw2 SCLK High time 22 ns - - th1 Hold SDI valid after SCLKrising edge 6 ns - - th2 Hold CSB Low after SCLKrising edge 5 ns - - tp Time between consecutive accesses (CSBrising edge to CSBfalling edge) 10 ns - - Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 28 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Figure 8 FINAL Read Access Timing for SERIAL Interface CLKE = 0; SDO data is clocked out on the rising edge of SCLK CSB tsu2 tpw2 th2 SCLK th1 tsu1 _ R/W SDI tpw1 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 td1 Output not driven, pulled low by internal resistor SDO td2 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 CLKE = 1; SDO data is clocked out on the falling edge of SCLK CSB th2 SCLK _ SDI R/W A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 td1 SDO Output not driven, pulled low by internal resistor td2 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 F8526D_013ReadAccSerial_01 Table 16 Read Access Timing for SERIAL Interface (For use with Figure 8) Symbol Parameter MIN TYP MAX tSU1 Setup SDI valid to SCLKrising edge 4 ns - - tSU2 Setup CSBfalling edge to SCLKrising edge 14 ns - - td1 Delay SCLKrising edge (SCLKfalling edge for CLKE = 1) to SDO valid - - 18 ns td2 Delay CSBrising edge to SDO High-Z - - 16 ns tpw1 SCLK Low time 22 ns - - tpw2 SCLK High time 22 ns - - th1 Hold SDI valid after SCLKrising edge 6 ns - - th2 Hold CSB Low after SCLKrising edge, for CLKE = 0 Hold CSB Low after SCLKfalling edge, for CLKE = 1 5 ns - - tp Time between consecutive accesses (CSBrising edge to CSBfalling edge) 10 ns - - Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 29 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Register Map FINAL Register Access Each Register, or register group, is described in the following Register Map (Table 17) and subsequent Register Description Tables. Register Organisation The ACS8526 LC/P LITE uses a total of 45 eight-bit registers, identified by a Register Name and corresponding hexadecimal Register Address. They are presented here in ascending order of Reg. address and each Register is organised with the most-significant bit positioned in the left-most bit, with bit significance decreasing towards the right-most bit. Some registers carry several individual data fields of various sizes, from single-bit values (e.g. flags) upwards. Several data fields are spread across multiple registers, as shown in the Register Map, Table 17. Shaded areas in the map are “don’t care” and writing either 0 or 1 to them will not affect any function of the device. Bits labelled “Set to 0” or “Set to 1” must be set as stated during initialisation of the device, either following powerup, or after a power-on reset (POR). Failure to correctly set these bits may result in the device operating in an unexpected way. CAUTION! Do not write to any undefined register addresses as this may cause the device to operate in a test mode. If an undefined register has been inadvertently addressed, the device should be reset to ensure the undefined registers are at default values. Multi-word Registers For multi-word registers (e.g. Reg. 0C and 0D), all the words have to be written to their separate addresses in order, and without any other access taking place, before their combined value can take effect. If the sequence is interrupted, or the addresses are written to in the wrong order, the sequence of writes will be ignored. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Most registers are either configuration registers or status registers, the exceptions being the chip_id and chip_revision registers. Configuration registers may be written to or read from at any time (the complete 8-bit register must be written, even if only one bit is being modified). All status registers may be read at any time. A description of each register is given in the Register Map, and Register Map Description. Configuration Registers Each configuration register reverts to a default value on power-up or following a reset. Most default values are fixed, but some will be pin-settable. All configuration registers can be read out over the serial port. Status Registers The Status Registers contain readable registers. They may all be read from outside the chip but are not writeable from outside the chip (except for a clearing operation). All status registers are read via shadow registers to avoid data hits due to dynamic operation. Each individual status register has a unique location. Flags In the event of loss of the currently selected input a no-activity flag is raised on pin LOS_ALARM indicating that the input to DPLL1 has failed. The active state (High or Low) of the LOS_ALARM pin is programmable and the pin can either be driven, or set to high impedance when nonactive (Reg 7D refers). Defaults Each Register is given a defined default value at reset and these are listed in the Map and Description Tables. However, some read-only status registers may not necessarily show the same default values after reset as those given in the tables. This is because they reflect the status of the device which may have changed in the time it takes to carry out the read, or through reasons of pin configuration. In the same way, the default values given for shaded areas could also take different values to those stated. Page 30 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Table 17 Register Map Address (hex) Default (hex) Register Name RO = Read Only R/W = Read/Write chip_id (RO) 00 chip_revision (RO) test_register1 (R/W) 03 14 sts_current_DPLL_frequency [7:0] 0C 00 (RO) Data Bit 7 (msb) 6 5 01 21 chip_id[15:8], 8 MSBs of Chip ID 02 00 [18:16] 07 11 22 cnfg_ref_source_frequency SEC1 Disable_180 Resync_ analog lock8k_SEC1 divn_SEC2 lock8k_SEC2 34 C2 auto_extsync_ en 35 40 cnfg_dig_outputs_sonsdh (R/W) 38 14 cnfg_digtial_frequencies (R/W) 39 08 cnfg_differential_output (R/W) 3A C2 cnfg_auto_bw_sel 3B 98 [7:0] 3C 99 FF cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit (R/W) [9:8] 42 03 [7:0]. 46 FF [13:8] 47 3F No Activity SEC1 reference_source_frequency_SEC1 reference_source_frequency_SEC2 XO_ edge dig2_sonsdh ip_sonsdhb dig1_sonsdh digital2_frequency digital1_frequency Output O1 _LVDS_PECL auto_BW_sel DPLL1_lim_int Bits[7:0] of cnfg_nominal_frequency [15:8] 3D 99 cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit (R/W) [7:0] 41 Bits[15:8] of cnfg_nominal_frequency Bits[7:0] of cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit Bits[9:8] cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit divn_value [7:0] (divide Input frequency by n) divn_value [13:8] (divide Input frequency by n) DPLL1_DPLL2 _select 00 cnfg_upper_threshold (R/W) 50 06 upper_threshold_value (Activity alarm, Leaky Bucket - set threshold) cnfg_lower_threshold (R/W) 51 04 lower_threshold_value (Activity alarm, Leaky Bucket - reset threshold) cnfg_bucket_size (R/W) 52 08 bucket_size_value (Activity alarm, Leaky Bucket - size) cnfg_decay_rate (R/W) 53 01 cnfg_output_frequency(R/W) (O2) 61 0A (O1) 62 00 (MFrSync/FrSync) 63 C0 cnfg_DPLL2_frequency (R/W) 64 00 cnfg_DPLL1_frequency (R/W) 65 01 Set to 0 Bits [18:16] of sts_current_DPLL_frequency divn_SEC1 4B Set to 0 No Activity SEC2 00 cnfg_registers_source_select (R/W) Set to 0 Bits [7:0] of sts_current_DPLL_frequency 00 cnfg_freq_divn (R/W) 8K Edge Polarity 0 (lsb) Bits [15:8] of sts_current_DPLL_frequencyy 22 cnfg_DPLL2_path (R/W) (R/W) 1 chip_revision[7:0] Phase_alarm (RO) SEC2 23 cnfg_nominal_frequency 2 00 sts_reference_sources (RO) Alarm Status on inputs:SEC1 & 2 cnfg_input_mode (R/W) 3 chip_id[7:0], 8 LSBs of Chip ID [15:8] 0D 00 (R/W) 4 4E decay_rate_value (Activity alarm, Leaky Bucket - leak rate) output_freq_O2 output_freq_O1 MFrSync_en FrSync_en DPLL2_frequency APLL2_for_ DPLL1_E1/ DS1 DPLL1_freq_to_APLL2 DPLL1_frequency cnfg_DPLL2_bw (R/W) 66 00 DPLL2_bandwidth cnfg_DPLL1_locked_bw (R/W) 67 10 DPLL1_locked_bandwidth cnfg_DPLL1_acq_bw (R/W) 69 11 cnfg_DPLL2_damping (R/W) 6A 13 DPLL1_acquisition_bandwidth DPLL2_PD2_gain_alog DPLL2_damping DPLL1_PD2_gain_alog_8k cnfg_DPLL1_damping (R/W) 6B 14 cnfg_DPLL2_PD2_gain (R/W) 6C C2 DPLL2_PD2_ gain_enable cnfg_DPLL1_PD2_gain (R/W) 6D C2 DPLL1_PD2_ gain_enable DPLL1_PD2_gain_alog cnfg_phase_loss_fine_limit (R/W) 73 A2 fine_limit_en noact_ph_loss narrow_en cnfg_phase_loss_coarse_limit (R/W) 74 E5 coarse_lim_ phaseloss_en wide_range_ en multi_ph_resp cnfg_ip_noise_window (R/W) 76 06 ip_noise_ window_en cnfg_sync_pulses (R/W) 7A 00 2k_8k_from_ DPLL2 cnfg_LOS_alarm (R/W) 7D 02 cnfg_protection (R/W) 7E DPLL1_PD2_gain_digital phase_loss_fine_limit phase_loss_coarse_limit 8k_invert 85 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. DPLL1_damping DPLL2_PD2_gain_digital 8k_pulse 2k_invert 2k_pulse LOS_GPO_en LOS_tristate_ en LOS_ polarity protection_value Page 31 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Register Descriptions FINAL Address (hex): 00 Register Name chip_id Bit 7 Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (RO) 8 least significant bits of the Default Value chip ID. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 0100 1110 Bit 0 chip_id[7:0], 8 LSBs of Chip ID Bit No. [7:0] Description Bit Value chip_id Least significant byte of the 2-byte device ID. 4E (hex) Value Description Address (hex): 01 Register Name chip_id Bit 7 Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (RO) 8 most significant bits of the Default Value chip ID. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 0010 0001 Bit 0 chip_id[15:8], 8 MSBs of Chip ID Bit No. [7:0] Description Bit Value chip_id Most significant byte of the 2-byte device ID. 21 (hex) Value Description Address (hex): 02 Register Name Bit 7 chip_revision Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (RO) Silicon revision of the device. Default Value Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 0000 0000 Bit 0 chip_revision[7:0] Bit No. [7:0] Description Bit Value chip_revision Silicon revision of the device. 00 (hex) Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 32 Value Description www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 03 Register Name Bit 7 phase_alarm Bit No. test_register1 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 disable_180 (R/W) Register containing various Default Value test controls (not normally used). Bit 4 Bit 3 resync_analog Set to 0 Description Bit 2 Bit 1 8k Edge Polarity Set to 0 Bit Value 00X1 0100 Bit 0 Set to 0 Value Description 7 phase_alarm (phase alarm (R/O)) Instantaneous result from DPLL1. 0 1 DPLL1 reporting phase locked. DPLL1 reporting phase lost. 6 disable_180 Normally the DPLL will try to lock to the nearest edge (± 180°) for the first 2 seconds when locking to a new reference. If the DPLL does not determine that it is phase locked after this time, then the capture range reverts to ± 360°, which corresponds to frequency and phase locking. Forcing the DPLL into frequency locking mode may reduce the time to frequency lock to a new reference by up to two seconds. However, this may cause an unnecessary phase shift of up to 360° when the new and old references are very close in frequency and phase. 0 1 DPLL1 automatically determines frequency lock enable. DPLL1 forced to always frequency and phase lock. 5 Not used. - - 4 resync_analog (analog dividers re-synchronization) The analog output dividers include a synchronization mechanism to ensure phase lock at low frequencies between the input and the output. 0 Analog divider only synchronized during first 2 seconds after power-up. Analog dividers always synchronized.This keeps the clocks divided down from the APLL output, in sync with equivalent frequency digital clocks in the DPLL. Hence ensuring that 6.48 MHz output clocks, and above, are in sync with the DPLL even though only a 77.76 MHz clock drives the APLL. 3 Set to 0 Test Control. Leave unchanged or set to 0. 0 - 2 8k Edge Polarity When Lock8k or DivN mode is selected for the current input SEC, this bit allows the system to lock on either the rising or the falling edge of the input clock. 0 1 Lock to falling clock edge. Lock to rising clock edge. 1 Set to 0 Test Control. Leave unchanged or set to 0. 0 - 0 Set to 0 Test Control. Leave unchanged or set to 0. 0 - Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 33 1 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 07 Register Name sts_current_DPLL_frequency [18:16] Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 FINAL Description (RO) Bits [18:16] of the current DPLL frequency. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value 0000 0000 Bit 1 Bit 0 Bits [18:16] of sts_current_DPLL_frequency Bit No. Description Bit Value Value Description [7:3] Not used. - - [2:0] Bits [18:16] of sts_current_DPLL_frequency When Bit 4 (DPLL1_DPLL2_select) of Reg. 4B (cnfg_registers_source_select) = 0 the frequency for DPLL1 is reported. When this Bit 4 = 1 the frequency for DPLL2 is reported. - See register description of sts_current_DPLL_frequency at Reg. 0D. Address (hex): 0C Register Name Bit 7 sts_current_DPLL_frequency [7:0] Bit 6 Bit 5 Description (RO) Bits [7:0] of the current DPLL Default Value frequency. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 0000 0000 Bit 1 Bit 0 Bits [7:0] of sts_current_DPLL_frequency Bit No. [7:0] Description Bit Value Bits [7:0] of sts_current_DPLL_frequency When Bit 4 (DPLL1_DPLL2_select) of Reg. 4B (cnfg_registers_source_select) = 0 the frequency for DPLL1 is reported. When this Bit 4 = 1 the frequency for DPLL2 is reported. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 34 - Value Description See register description of sts_current_DPLL_frequency at Reg. 0D. www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 0D Register Name sts_current_DPLL_frequency [15:8] Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 FINAL Description (RO) Bits [15:8] of the current DPLL frequency. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value 0000 0000 Bit 1 Bit 0 Bits [15:8] of sts_current_DPLL_frequency Bit No. [7:0] Description Bit Value Bits [15:8] of sts_current_DPLL_frequency The value in this register is combined with the value in Reg. 0C and Reg. 07 to represent the current frequency offset of the DPLL. When Bit 4 (DPLL1_DPLL2_select) of Reg. 4B (cnfg_registers_source_select) = 0 the frequency for DPLL1 is reported. When this Bit 4 = 1 the frequency for DPLL2 is reported. - Value Description In order to calculate the ppm offset of the DPLL with respect to the crystal oscillator frequency, the value in Reg. 07, Reg. 0D and Reg. 0C need to be concatenated. This value is a 2’s complement signed integer. The value multiplied by 0.0003068 dec. will give the value in ppm offset with respect to the XO frequency, allowing for any crystal calibration that has been performed, via cnfg_nominal_frequency, Reg. 3C and 3D. The value is actually the DPLL integral path value so it can be viewed as an average frequency, where the rate of change is related to the DPLL bandwidth. If Bit 3 of Reg. 3B is High then this value will freeze if the DPLL has been pulled to its min or max frequency. Address (hex): 11 Register Name Bit 7 sts_reference_sources SEC1 & SEC2 Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (RO except for test when R/W) Reports any alarms active on inputs. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 No Activity SEC2 Input Bit No. [7:6] Default Value 0010 0010 Bit 1 Bit 0 No Activity SEC1 Input Description Bit Value Value Description Not Used - - SEC2 Input Activity Alarm Alarm indication from the activity monitors. 0 1 No alarm (input valid). Input has an active “no activity” alarm. Not Used - - 1 SEC1 Input Activity Alarm Alarm indication from the activity monitors. 0 1 No alarm (input valid). Input has an active “no activity” alarm. 0 Not Used - - 5 [3:2] Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 35 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 22 Register Name cnfg_ref_source_frequency SEC1 Bit 7 divn_SEC<n> Bit No. Bit 6 Bit 5 FINAL Description (R/W) Configuration of the frequency and input monitoring for input SEC<n>. For Reg. 22, <n> = 1. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value 0000 XXXX Where XXXX is set by values on Pins IP_FREQ[2:0] and SONSDHB See Note in Description [3:0]. Bit 1 Bit 0 reference_source_frequency_SEC<n> lock8k_SEC<n> Description Bit Value Value Description 7 divn_SEC<n> This bit selects whether or not input SEC<n> is divided in the programmable pre-divider prior to being input to the DPLL and frequency monitor- see Reg. 46 and Reg. 47 (cnfg_freq_divn). 0 1 Input SEC<n> fed directly to DPLL and monitor. Input SEC<n> fed to DPLL and monitor via predivider. 6 lock8k_SEC<n> This bit selects whether or not input SEC<n> is divided in the preset pre-divider prior to being input to the DPLL. This results in the DPLL locking to the reference after it has been divided to 8 kHz. This bit is ignored when divn_SEC<n> is set (bit = 1). 0 1 Input SEC<n> fed directly to DPLL. Input SEC<n> fed to DPLL via preset pre-divider. [5:4] Not used. - - [3:0] reference_source_frequency_SEC<n> Programs the frequency of the SEC connected to input SEC<n>. If divn_SEC<n> is set then this value should be set to 0000 (8 kHz). Note...The value on the pins IP_FREQ [2:0] and SONSDHB determines the default expected input frequency which, at power-up/reset is written to both cnfg_ref_source_frequency registers, giving each the same default value. The values in each register can, after the initialization period (251 ms after PORB goes High), be changed on an individual basis by writing to each register separately via the serial interface, however any subsequent reset will cause these registers’ values to be overwritten by whatever value is on the pins at the time of the reset. See “Preconfiguring Inputs - Expected Input Frequency” and Table 4 on page 7. Address (hex): 23 cnfg_ref_source_frequency Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011-1111 SEC2 Page 36 8 kHz. 1544/2048 kHz (dependant on Bit 2 (ip_sonsdhb) in Reg. 34). 6.48 MHz. 19.44 MHz. 25.92 MHz. 38.88 MHz. 51.84 MHz. 77.76 MHz. Not used. 2 kHz. 4 kHz. Not used. As Reg. 22, but for SEC2, i.e. <n> = 2 Default = 0000 0000 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 34 Register Name cnfg_input_mode Bit 7 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register controlling various Default Value input modes of the device. Bit 4 Bit 3 XO_edge Bit No. [7:6] 5 [4:3] 2 Bit 2 Bit 1 1100 0010* Bit 0 ip_sonsdhb Description Bit Value Value Description Not used. - - XO_edge If the 12.8 MHz oscillator module connected to REFCLK has one edge faster than the other, then for jitter performance reasons, the faster edge should be selected. This bit allows either the rising edge or the falling edge to be selected. 0 Device uses the rising edge of the external oscillator. Device uses the falling edge of the external oscillator. Not used. - - ip_sonsdhb Bit to configure input frequencies to be either SONET or SDH derived. This applies only to selections of 0001 (bin) in the cnfg_ref_source_frequency registers when the input frequency is either 1544 kHz or 2048 kHz. 0 1 SDH- inputs set to 0001 expected to be 2048 kHz. SONET- inputs set to 0001 expected to be 1544 kHz. - - 1 *The default value of Bit 2 is taken from the value of the SONSDHB pin at power-up. [1:0] Not used. Address (hex): 35 Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_DPLL2_path Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure the feedback mode of DPLL2. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 0100 0000 Bit 0 DPLL2_dig_ feedback Bit No. Description Bit Value Value Description 7 Not used. - - 6 DPLL2_dig_feedback Bit to select digital feedback mode for DPLL2. 0 1 DPLL2 in analog feedback mode. DPLL2 in digital feedback mode. Not used. - - [5:0] Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 37 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 38 Register Name cnfg_dig_outputs_sonsdh Bit 7 Bit 6 dig2_sonsdh Bit No. Bit 5 FINAL Description Configures Digital1 and Digital2 output frequencies to be SONET or SDH compatible frequencies. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 0001 0100 Bit 0 dig1_sonsdh Description Bit Value Value Description 7 Not used. - - 6 dig2_sonsdh Selects whether the frequencies generated by the Digital2 frequency generator are SONET derived or SDH. Default value of this bit is set by the SONSDHB pin at power-up. 0 Digital2 can be selected from 1,544/3,088/6,176/ 12,352 kHz. Digital2 can be selected from 2,048/4,096/8,192/ 16,384 kHz. dig1_sonsdh Selects whether the frequencies generated by the Digital1 frequency generator are SONET derived or SDH. Default value of this bit is set by the SONSDHB pin at power-up. 0 Not used. - 5 [4:0] 1 1 Digital1 can be selected from 1,544/3,088/6,176/ 12,352 kHz. Digital1 can be selected from 2,048/4,096/8,192/ 16,384 kHz. - Address (hex): 39 Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_digtial_frequencies Bit 6 digital2_frequency Bit No. Description Bit 5 (R/W) Configures the actual Default Value frequencies of Digital1 & Digital2. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 0000 1000 Bit 0 digital1_frequency Description Bit Value Value Description [7:6] digital2_frequency Configures the frequency of Digital2. Whether this is SONET or SDH based is configured by Bit 6 (dig2_sonsdh) of Reg. 38. 00 01 10 11 Digital2 set to 1,544 kHz or 2,048 kHz. Digital2 set to 3,088 kHz or 4,096 kHz. Digital2 set to 6,176 kHz or 8,192 kHz. Digital2 set to 12,353 kHz or 16,384 kHz. [5:4] digital1_frequency Configures the frequency of Digital1. Whether this is SONET or SDH based is configured by Bit 5 (dig1_sonsdh) of Reg. 38. 00 01 10 11 Digital1 set to 1,544 kHz or 2,048 kHz. Digital1 set to 3,088 kHz or 4,096 kHz. Digital1 set to 6,176 kHz or 8,192 kHz. Digital1 set to 12,353 kHz or 16,384 kHz. [3:0] Not used. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 38 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 3A Register Name cnfg_differential_output Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 FINAL Description (R/W) Configures the electrical Default Value compatibility of the differential output driver to be 3 V PECL or 3 V LVDS. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 1100 0010 Bit 0 Output O1_LVDS_PECL Bit No. Description Bit Value [7:2] Not used. - [1:0] Output O1_LVDS_PECL Selection of the electrical compatibility of Output O1 between 3 V PECL and 3 V LVDS. 00 01 10 11 Value Description Output O1 disabled. Output O1 3 V PECL compatible. Output O1 3 V LVDS compatible. Not used. Address (hex): 3B Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_auto_bw_sel Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to select Default Value automatic bandwidth selection for DPLL1 path Bit 4 Bit 3 7 [6:4] 3 [2:0] Bit 1 Bit 0 DPLL1_lim_int auto_BW_sel Bit No. Bit 2 1001 1000 Description Bit Value Value Description auto_BW_sel Bit to select locked bandwidth (Reg. 67) or acquisition bandwidth (Reg. 69) for DPLL1. 1 0 Automatically selects either locked or acquisition bandwidth as appropriate. Always selects locked bandwidth. Not used. - - DPLL1_lim_int When set to 1 the integral path value of DPLL1 is limited or frozen when DPLL1 reaches either min. or max. frequency. This can be used to minimise subsequent overshoot when the DPLL is pulling in. Note that when this bit is enabled, the reported frequency value, via current_DPLL_freq (Reg. 0C, 0D and 07), is also frozen. 1 0 DPLL value frozen. DPLL not frozen. Not used. - - Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 39 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 3C Register Name cnfg_nominal_frequency [7:0] Bit 7 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Bits [7:0] of the register Default Value used to calibrate the crystal oscillator used to clock the device. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 1001 1001 Bit 1 Bit 0 cnfg_nominal_frequency_value[7:0] Bit No. [7:0] Description Bit Value cnfg_nominal_frequency_value[7:0]. - Value Description See register description of Reg. 3D (cnfg_nominal_frequency_value[15:8]). Address (hex): 3D Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_nominal_frequency [15:8] Bit 6 Bit 5 Description (R/W) Bits [15:8] of the register Default Value used to calibrate the crystal oscillator used to clock the device. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 1001 1001 Bit 0 cnfg_nominal_frequency_value[15:8] Bit No. [7:0] Description Bit Value cnfg_nominal_frequency_value[15:8] This register is used in conjunction with Reg. 3C (cnfg_nominal_frequency_value[7:0].) to be able to offset the frequency of the crystal oscillator by up to +514 ppm and –770 ppm. The default value represents 0 ppm offset from 12.80 MHz. This value is a 2s-complement signed integer. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 40 - Value Description In order to program the ppm offset of the crystal oscillator frequency, the value in Reg. 3C and Reg. 3D need to be concatenated. This value is an unsigned integer. The value multiplied by 0.0196229 dec. will give the value in ppm. To calculate the absolute value, the default 39321 (9999 hex) needs to be subtracted. www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 41 Register Name cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit [7:0] Bit 7 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Bits [7:0] of the DPLL frequency limit register. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 1111 1111 Bit 0 Bits[7:0] of cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit Bit No. [7:0] Description Bit Value Bits [7:0] of cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit This register defines the extent of frequency offset to which DPLL1 will track a source before limitingi.e. it represents the pull-in range of the DPLLs. The offset of the device is determined by the frequency offset of the DPLL when compared to the offset of the external crystal oscillator clocking the device. If the oscillator is calibrated using cnfg_nominal_frequency Reg. 3C and 3D, then this calibration is automatically taken into account. The DPLL frequency limit limits the offset of the DPLL when compared to the calibrated oscillator frequency. - Value Description In order to calculate the frequency limit in ppm, Bit 1 of Reg. 42 and Reg. 41 need to be concatenated. This value is a unsigned integer and represents limit both positive and negative in ppm. The value multiplied by 0.078 will give the value in ppm. Address (hex): 42 Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit [9:8] Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Bits [9:8] of the DPLL frequency limit register. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 0000 0011 Bit 0 Bits [9:8] of cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit Bit No. Description Bit Value Value Description [7:2] Not used. - - [1:0] Bits [9:8] of cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit. - See Reg. 41 (cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit) for details. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 41 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 46 Register Name cnfg_freq_divn [7:0]. Bit 7 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Bits [7:0] of the division factor for inputs using the DivN feature. Bit 4 Bit 3 Default Value Bit 2 Bit 1 1111 1111 Bit 0 divn_value [7:0] (divide input frequency by n) Bit No. [7:0] Description Bit Value divn_value[7:0]. - Value Description See Reg. 47 (cnfg_freq_divn {13:8]) for details. Address (hex): 47 Register Name cnfg_freq_divn [13:8] Bit 7 Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Bits [13:8] of the division factor for inputs using the DivN feature. Bit 4 Bit 3 Default Value Bit 2 Bit 1 0011 1111 Bit 0 divn_value [13:8] (divide input frequency by n) Bit No. Description Bit Value Value Description [7:6] Not used. - - [5:0] divn_value[13:8] This register, in conjunction with Reg. 46 (cnfg_freq_divn) represents the integer value by which to divide inputs that use the DivN pre-divider. The DivN feature supports input frequencies up to a maximum of 100 MHz; therefore, the maximum value that should be written to this register is 30D3 hex (12499 dec). Use of higher DivN values may result in unreliable behaviour. - The input frequency will be divided by the value in this register plus 1. i.e. to divide by 8, program a value of 7. Address (hex): 4B Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_registers_source_select Bit 6 Bit 5 Description (R/W) Register to select the source of many of the registers. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 0000 0000 Bit 0 DPLL1_DPLL2_ select Bit No. [7:5] Description Bit Value Not used. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. - Page 42 Value Description - www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 4B (cont...) Register Name cnfg_registers_source_select Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 FINAL Description (R/W) Register to select the source of many of the registers. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 0000 0000 Bit 0 DPLL1_DPLL2_ select Bit No. 4 [3:0] Description Bit Value Value Description DPLL1_DPLL2_select Bit to select between many of the registers associated with DPLL1 or DPLL2 e.g. frequency registers. 0 1 DPLL1 registers selected. DPLL2 registers selected. Not used. - - Address (hex): 50 Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_upper_threshold Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to program the activity alarm setting limit for the Leaky Bucket Configuration. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 0000 0110 Bit 0 upper_threshold_value (Activity alarm, Leaky Bucket - set threshold) Bit No. [7:0] Description Bit Value upper_threshold_value The Leaky Bucket operates on a 128 ms cycle. If, during a cycle, it detects that an input has either failed or has been erratic, then for each cycle in which this occurs, the accumulator is incremented by 1, and for each period of 1, 2, 4, or 8 cycles, as programmed in Reg. 53 (cnfg_decay_rate), in which this does not occur, the accumulator is decremented by 1. - Value Description Value at which the Leaky Bucket will raise an inactivity alarm. When the accumulator count reaches the value programmed as the upper_threshold_value, the Leaky Bucket raises an input inactivity alarm. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 43 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 51 Register Name cnfg_lower_threshold Bit 7 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to program the activity alarm resetting limit for the Leaky Bucket Configuration. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 0000 0100 Bit 0 lower_threshold_value (Activity alarm, Leaky Bucket - reset threshold) Bit No. [7:0] Description Bit Value lower_threshold_value The Leaky Bucket operates on a 128 ms cycle. If, during a cycle, it detects that an input has either failed or has been erratic, then for each cycle in which this occurs, the accumulator is incremented by 1, and for each period of 1, 2, 4, or 8 cycles, as programmed in Reg. 53 (cnfg_decay_rate), in which this does not occur, the accumulator is decremented by 1. - Value Description Value at which the Leaky Bucket will reset an inactivity alarm. The lower_threshold_value is the value at which the Leaky Bucket will reset an inactivity alarm. Address (hex): 52 Register Name cnfg_bucket_size Bit 7 Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to program the maximum size limit for the Leaky Bucket Configuration. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 0000 1000 Bit 0 bucket_size_value (Activity alarm, Leaky Bucket - size) Bit No. [7:0] Description Bit Value bucket_size_value The Leaky Bucket operates on a 128 ms cycle. If, during a cycle, it detects that an input has either failed or has been erratic, then for each cycle in which this occurs, the accumulator is incremented by 1, and for each period of 1, 2, 4, or 8 cycles, as programmed in Reg. 53 (cnfg_decay_rate), in which this does not occur, the accumulator is decremented by 1. - Value Description Value at which the Leaky Bucket will stop incrementing, even with further inactive periods. The number in the Bucket cannot exceed the value programmed into this register. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 44 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 53 Register Name cnfg_decay_rate Bit 7 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to program the “decay” or “leak” rate for the Leaky Bucket Configuration. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value 0000 0001 Bit 1 Bit 0 decay_rate_value (Activity alarm, Leaky Bucket - leak rate) Bit No. Description Bit Value [7:2] Not used. - [1:0] decay_rate_value The Leaky Bucket operates on a 128 ms cycle. If, during a cycle, it detects that an input has either failed or has been erratic, then for each cycle in which this occurs, the accumulator is incremented by 1, and for each period of 1, 2, 4, or 8 cycles, as programmed in this register, in which this does not occur, the accumulator is decremented by 1. 00 01 10 11 Value Description Bucket decay rate of 1 every 128 ms. Bucket decay rate of 1 every 256 ms. Bucket decay rate of 1 every 512 ms. Bucket decay rate of 1 every 1,024 ms. The Leaky Bucket can be programmed to “leak” or “decay” at the same rate as the “fill” cycle, or effectively at one half, one quarter, or one eighth of the fill rate. Address (hex): 61 Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_output_frequency (Output O2) Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure and enable the frequencies available on Output O2. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value 0000 XXXX Where XXXX is set by values on Pins O2_FREQ[2:0], SONSDHB and O1_FREQ[2:0]. See Note in [3:0] description. Bit 1 Bit 0 output_freq_O2 Bit No. [7:4] Description Bit Value Not used. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. - Page 45 Value Description - www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 61 (cont...) Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_output_frequency (Output O2) Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure and enable the frequencies available on Output O2. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value 0000 XXXX Where XXXX is set by values on Pins O2_FREQ[2:0], SONSDHB and O1_FREQ[2:0]. See Note in [3:0] description. Bit 1 Bit 0 output_freq_O2 Bit No. [3:0] Description Bit Value output_freq_O2 Configuration of the output frequency available at Output O2. Many of the frequencies available are dependent on the frequencies of the APLL1 and the APLL2. These are configured in Reg. 64 and Reg. 65. See “Output Frequency Selection by Register Programming” on page 17. Note...The values on the pins O2_FREQ [2:0], SONSDHB and 01_FREQ[2:0] determine the default output frequency for Output O2, which, at power-up/ reset is written to the cnfg_output_frequency register. The value in this register can, after the initialization period (251 ms after PORB goes High), be changed by writing to it via the serial interface, however any subsequent reset will cause this register’s value to be overwritten by whatever value is on the pins at the time of the reset. See “Output Frequency Selection by Hardware” and Table 7 on page 18. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 46 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 Value Description Output disabled. 2 kHz. 8 kHz. Digital2 (Reg. 39 cnfg_digital_frequencies). Digital1 (Reg. 39 cnfg_digital_frequencies). APLL1 frequency/48. APLL1 frequency/16. APLL1 frequency/12. APLL1 frequency/8. APLL1 frequency/6. APLL1 frequency/4. APLL2 frequency/64. APLL2 frequency/48. APLL2 frequency/16. APLL2 frequency/8. APLL2 frequency/4. www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 62 Register Name cnfg_output_frequency (Output O1) Bit 7 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure and enable the frequencies available on Output O1. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value 0000 XXXX Where XXXX is set by values on Pins O2_FREQ[2:0] and SONSDHB, See Note in [3:0] description. Bit 1 Bit 0 output_freq_O1 Bit No. [7:4] Description Bit Value output_freq_O1 Configuration of the output frequency available at Output O1. Many of the frequencies available are dependent on the frequencies of the APLL1 and the APLL2. These are configured in Reg. 64 and Reg. 65. See “Output Frequency Selection by Register Programming” on page 17. 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 Note...The values on the pins O1_FREQ [2:0] and SONSDHB determine the default output frequency for Output O1, which, at power-up/reset is written to the cnfg_output_frequency register. The value in this register can, after the initialization period (251 ms after PORB goes High), be changed by writing to it via the serial interface, however any subsequent reset will cause this register’s value to be overwritten by whatever value is on the pins at the time of the reset. See “Output Frequency Selection by Hardware” and Table 6 on page 18. [3:0] Not used. - Value Description Output disabled. 2 kHz. 8 kHz. APLL1 frequency/2. Digital1 (Reg. 39 cnfg_digital_frequencies). APLL1 frequency. APLL1 frequency/16. APLL1 frequency/12. APLL1 frequency/8. APLL1 frequency/6. APLL1 frequency/4. APLL2 frequency/64. APLL2 frequency/48. APLL2 frequency/16. APLL2 frequency/8. APLL2 frequency/4. - Address (hex): 63 Register Name Bit 7 MFrSync_en Bit No. 7 cnfg_output_frequency (MFrSync/FrSync) Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure and enable the frequencies available on outputs MFrSync and FrSync. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 1100 0000 Bit 0 FrSync_en Description Bit Value MFrSync_en Register bit to enable the 2 kHz Sync output (MFrSync). Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. 0 1 Page 47 Value Description Output MFrSync disabled. Output MFrSync enabled. www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 63 (cont...) Register Name cnfg_output_frequency (MFrSync/FrSync) Bit 7 MFrSync_en Bit No. 6 [5:0] Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure and enable the frequencies available on outputs MFrSync and FrSync. Bit 4 Bit 3 Default Value Bit 2 1100 0000 Bit 1 Bit 0 FrSync_en Description Bit Value Value Description FrSync_en Register bit to enable the 8 kHz Sync output (FrSync). 0 1 Output FrSync disabled. Output FrSync enabled. Not used. - - Address (hex): 64 Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_DPLL2_frequency Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure DPLL2 Default Value Frequency Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 0000 0000 Bit 1 Bit 0 DPLL2_frequency Bit No. Description Bit Value [7:4] Not used. [2:0] DPLL2_frequency Register to configure the frequency of operation of DPLL2. The frequency of DPLL2 will also affect the frequency of the APLL2 which, in turn, affects the frequencies available at outputs O1 and O2 see Reg. 61 and Reg. 62. It is also possible to not use DPLL2 at all, but use the APLL2 to run directly from DPLL1 output, see Reg. 65 (cnfg_DPLL1_frequency). If any frequencies are required from the APLL2 then DPLL2 should not be squelched, as the APLL2 input is squelched and the APLL2 will free run. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. - Page 48 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 Value Description DPLL2 squelched (clock off). 77.76 MHz (OC-N rates), APLL2 frequency = 311.04 MHz. 12E1, APLL2 frequency = 98.304 MHz. 16E1, APLL2 frequency = 131.072 MHz. 24DS1, APLL2 frequency = 148.224 MHz. 16DS1, APLL2 frequency = 98.816 MHz. E3, APLL2 frequency = 274.944 MHz. DS3, APLL2 frequency = 178.944 MHz. www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 65 Register Name cnfg_DPLL1_frequency Bit 7 Bit 6 APLL2_for_ DPLL1_E1/DS1 Bit No. FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure DPLL1 Default Value and MUX2 parameters. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 DPLL1_freq_to_APLL2 0000 0001 Bit 1 Bit 0 DPLL1_frequency Description Bit Value Value Description 7 Not used. - - 6 APLL2_for_DPLL1_E1/DS1 Register bit to control MUX2 which selects whether the APLL2 takes its input from DPLL2 or DPLL1. If DPLL1 is selected then the frequency is controlled by Bits [5:4], DPLL1_freq_to_APLL2. 0 1 APLL2 takes its input from DPLL2. APLL2 takes its input from DPLL1. [5:4] DPLL1_freq_to_APLL2 Register to select the frequency/mode of DPLL1 which is driven to the APLL2 when selected by Bit 6, APLL2_for_DPLL1_E1/DS1. 00 01 10 11 12E1, APLL2 frequency = 98.304 MHz. 16E1, APLL2 frequency = 131.072 MHz. 24DS1, APLL2 frequency = 148.224 MHz. 16DS1, APLL2 frequency = 98.816 MHz. 3 [2:0] Not used. - DPLL1_frequency Register to configure the frequency of operation of DPLL1/APLL1. This register affects the frequencies available at outputs O1 and O2, see Reg. 61 and Reg. 62. 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 77.76 MHz, digital feedback, APLL1 frequency = 311.04 MHz. 77.76 MHz, analog feedback, (via APLL3) APLL1 frequency = 311.04 MHz. 12E1, APLL1 frequency = 98.304 MHz. 16E1, APLL1 frequency = 131.072 MHz. 24DS1, APLL1 frequency = 148.224 MHz. 16DS1, APLL1 frequency = 98.816 MHz. Not used. Not used. Note...001 is the only selection that does not bypass APLL3. All other selections use digital feedback. Address (hex): 66 Register Name cnfg_DPLL2_bw Bit 7 Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure the bandwidth of DPLL2. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 0000 0000 Bit 0 DPLL2_bandwidth Bit No. [7:2] Description Bit Value Not used. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. - Page 49 Value Description - www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 66 (cont...) Register Name cnfg_DPLL2_bw Bit 7 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure the bandwidth of DPLL2. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 0000 0000 Bit 0 DPLL2_bandwidth Bit No. [1:0] Description Bit Value DPLL2_bandwidth Register to configure the bandwidth of DPLL2. 00 01 10 11 Value Description DPLL2 18 Hz bandwidth. DPLL2 35 Hz bandwidth. DPLL2 70 Hz bandwidth. Not used. Address (hex): 67 Register Name cnfg_DPLL1_locked_bw Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Description (R/W) Register to configure the Default Value bandwidth of DPLL1, when phase locked to an input. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 0001 0000 Bit 0 DPLL1_locked_bandwidth Bit No. Description Bit Value [7:2] Not used. - [1:0] DPLL1_locked_bandwidth Register to configure the bandwidth of DPLL1 when locked to an input reference. Reg. 3B Bit 7 is used to control whether this bandwidth is used all of the time or automatically switched to when phase locked. 11 00 01 10 Value Description DPLL1, 18 Hz locked bandwidth. DPLL1, 35 Hz locked bandwidth. DPLL1, 70 Hz locked bandwidth. Not used. Address (hex): 69 Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_DPLL1_acq_bw Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure the bandwidth of DPLL1, when not phase locked to an input. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 0001 0001 Bit 0 DPLL1_acquisition_bandwidth Bit No. [7:4] Description Bit Value Not used. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. - Page 50 Value Description - www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 69 (cont...) Register Name cnfg_DPLL1_acq_bw Bit 7 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure the bandwidth of DPLL1, when not phase locked to an input. Bit 4 Bit 3 Default Value Bit 2 0001 0001 Bit 1 Bit 0 DPLL1_acquisition_bandwidth Bit No. [3:0] Description Bit Value DPLL1_acquisition_bandwidth Register to configure the bandwidth of DPLL1 when acquiring phase lock on an input reference. Reg. 3B Bit 7 is used to control whether this bandwidth is not used or automatically switched to when not phase locked. 11 00 01 10 Value Description DPLL1, 18 Hz acquisition bandwidth. DPLL1, 35 Hz acquisition bandwidth. DPLL1, 70 Hz acquisition bandwidth. Not used. Address (hex): 6A Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_DPLL2_damping Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure the damping factor of DPLL2, along with the gain of Phase Detector 2 in some modes. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 DPLL2_PD2_gain_alog Bit No. 7 [6:4] 3 Default Value 0001 0011 Bit 1 Bit 0 DPLL2_damping Description Bit Value Value Description Not used. - - DPLL2_PD2_gain_alog Register to control the gain of the Phase Detector 2 This setting is only used if Reg. 6C Bit 7, cnfg_DPLL2_PD2_gain is enabled. - Gain value of the Phase Detector 2 when locking to an 8 kHz reference in analog feedback mode. Not used. - - Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 51 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 6A (cont...) Register Name cnfg_DPLL2_damping Bit 7 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure the damping factor of DPLL2, along with the gain of Phase Detector 2 in some modes. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 DPLL2_PD2_gain_alog Bit No. [2:0] Bit Value DPLL2_damping Register to configure the damping factor of DPLL2. The bit values correspond to different damping factors, depending on the bandwidth selected. Bit 1 Bit 0 Value Description Damping Factor Damping Factor Damping Factor for Bandwidth for Bandwidth for Bandwidth of 18 Hz: of 35 Hz: of 70 Hz: 001 1.2 1.2 1.2 010 2.5 2.5 2.5 011 5 5 5 Gain Peak 100 5 10 10 0.4 dB 0.2 dB 0.1 dB 0.06 dB 0.03 dB 101 5 10 20 Default Value 0001 0100 The Gain Peak for the Damping Factors given in the Value Description (right) are tabulated below: 1.2 2.5 5 10 20 0001 0011 DPLL2_damping Description Damping Factor Default Value Address (hex): 6B Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_DPLL1_damping Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure the damping factor of DPLL1, along with the gain of the Phase Detector 2 in some modes. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 DPLL1_PD2_gain_alog_8k Bit No. 7 [6:4] 3 Bit 1 Bit 0 DPLL1_damping Description Bit Value Value Description Not used. - - DPLL1_PD2_gain_alog_8k Register to control the gain of the Phase Detector 2 when locking to a reference of 8 kHz or less in analog feedback mode. This setting is only used if automatic gain selection is enabled in Reg. 6D Bit 7, cnfg_DPLL1_PD2_gain. - Gain value of the Phase Detector 2 when locking to an 8 kHz reference in analog feedback mode. Not used. - - Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 52 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 6B (cont...) Register Name cnfg_DPLL1_damping Bit 7 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure the damping factor of DPLL1, along with the gain of the Phase Detector 2 in some modes. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 [2:0] 0001 0100 Bit 1 DPLL1_PD2_gain_alog_8k Bit No. Default Value Bit 0 DPLL1_damping Description Bit Value DPLL1_damping Register to configure the damping factor of DPLL1. The bit values correspond to different damping factors, depending on the bandwidth selected. Value Description Damping Factor Damping Factor Damping Factor for Bandwidth for Bandwidth for Bandwidth of 18 Hz: of 35 Hz: of 70 Hz: The Gain Peak for the Damping Factors given in the Value Description (right) are the same as those tabulated in the description for Reg. 6A. 001 1.2 1.2 1.2 010 2.5 2.5 2.5 011 5 5 5 100 5 10 10 101 5 10 20 Default Value 1100 0010 Address (hex): 6C Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_DPLL2_PD2_gain Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure the gain of Phase Detector 2 in some modes for DPLL2. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 DPLL2_PD2_ gain_enable Bit No. 7 Bit 1 Bit 0 DPLL2_PD2_gain_digital Description Bit Value Value Description DPLL2_PD2_gain_enable 0 1 DPLL2 Phase Detector 2 not used. DPLL2 Phase Detector 2 gain enabled and choice of gain determined according to the locking mode: - digital feedback mode - analog feedback mode [6:3] Not used. - - [2:0] DPLL2_PD2_gain_digital Register to control the gain of Phase Detector 2 when locking in digital feedback mode. This setting is always used if gain is disabled in Bit 7, DPLL2_PD2_gain_enable. - Gain value of Phase Detector 2 when locking in digital feedback mode. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 53 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 6D Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_DPLL1_PD2_gain Bit 6 DPLL1_PD2_ gain_enable Bit No. 7 [6:4] 3 [2:0] FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure the gain of Phase Detector 2 in some modes for DPLL1. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value 1100 0010 Bit 1 Bit 0 DPLL1_PD2_gain_digital DPLL1_PD2_gain_alog Description Bit Value DPLL1_PD2_gain_enable Value Description 0 DPLL1 Phase Detector 2 not used. 1 DPLL1 Phase Detector 2 gain enabled and choice of gain determined according to the locking mode: - digital feedback mode - analog feedback mode - analog feedback at 8 kHz DPLL1_PD2_gain_alog Register to control the gain of Phase Detector 2 when locking to a reference, higher than 8 kHz, in analog feedback mode. This setting is not used if automatic gain selection is disabled in Bit 7, DPLL1_PD2_gain_enable. - Gain value of Phase Detector 2 when locking to a high frequency reference in analog feedback mode. Not used. - - DPLL1_PD2_gain_digital Register to control the gain of Phase Detector 2 when locking to a reference in digital feedback mode. Automatic gain selection must be enabled (Bit 7, DPLL1_PD2_gain_enable), for DPLL1_PD2_gain_digital to have any effect. - Gain value of Phase Detector 2 when locking to any reference in digital feedback mode. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 54 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 73 Register Name Bit 7 fine_limit_en Bit No. cnfg_phase_loss_fine_limit Bit 6 noact_ph_loss Bit 5 FINAL Description (R/W) Register to configure some of the parameters of the DPLL phase detectors. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value 1010 0010 Bit 1 Bit 0 phase_loss_fine_limit narrow_en Description Bit Value Value Description 7 fine_limit_en Register bit to enable the phase_loss_fine_limit Bits [2:0]. When disabled, phase lock/loss is determined by the other means within the device. This must be disabled when multi-UI jitter tolerance is required, see Reg. 74, cnfg_phase_loss_course_limit. 0 1 Phase loss indication only triggered by other means. Phase loss triggered when phase error exceeds the limit programmed in phase_loss_fine_limit, Bits [2:0]. 6 noact_ph_loss The DPLL detects that an input has failed very rapidly. Normally, when the DPLL detects this condition, it does not consider phase lock to be lost and will phase lock to the nearest edge (± 180º) when a source becomes available again, hence giving tolerance to missing cycles. If phase loss is indicated, then frequency and phase locking is instigated (± 360º locking). This bit can be used to force the DPLL to indicate phase loss immediately when no activity is detected. 0 1 No activity on reference does not trigger phase lost indication. No activity triggers phase lost indication. narrow_en (test control bit) Set to 1 (default value). 0 1 Do not use. Set to 1. [4:3] Not used. - - [2:0] phase_loss_fine_limit When enabled by Bit 7, this register coarsely sets the phase limit at which the device indicates phase lost or locked. The default value of 2 (010) gives a window size of around ± 90 - 180º. The phase position of the inputs to the DPLL has to be within the window limit for 1 – 2 seconds before the device indicates phase lock. If it is outside the window for any time then phase loss is immediately indicated. For most cases the default value of 2 (010) is satisfactory. The window size changes in proportion to the value, so a value of 1 (001) will give a narrow phase acceptance or lock window of approximately ± 45 - 90º. 5 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 55 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 Do not use. Indicates phase loss continuously. Small phase window for phase lock indication. Recommended value. ) ) ) Larger phase window for phase lock indication. ) ) www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 74 Register Name Bit 7 coarse_lim_ phaseloss_en Bit No. 7 cnfg_phase_loss_coarse_limit Bit 6 wide_range_en Bit 5 FINAL Description (R/W) Register to configure some of the parameters of DPLL phase detectors. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 1110 0101 Bit 0 phase_loss_coarse_limit multi_ph_resp Description Bit Value Value Description coarse_lim_phaseloss_en Register bit to enable the coarse phase detector, whose range is determined by phase_loss_coarse_limit Bits [3:0]. This register sets the limit in the number of input clock cycles (UI) that the input phase can move by before the DPLL indicates phase lost. 0 1 Phase loss not triggered by the coarse phase lock detector. Phase loss triggered when phase error exceeds the limit programmed in phase_loss_coarse_limit, Bits [3:0]. 6 wide_range_en To enable the device to be tolerant to large amounts of applied jitter and still do direct phase locking at the input frequency rate (up to 77.76 MHz), a wide range phase detector and phase lock detector is employed. This bit enables the wide range phase detector. This allows the device to be tolerant to, and therefore keep track of, drifts in input phase of many cycles (UI). The range of the phase detector is set by the same register used for the phase loss coarse limit (Bits [3:0]). 0 1 Wide range phase detector off. Wide range phase detector on. 5 multi_ph_resp Enables the phase result from the coarse phase detector to be used in the DPLL algorithm. Bit 6 should also be set when this is activated. The coarse phase detector can measure and keep track over many thousands of input cycles, thus allowing excellent jitter and wander tolerance. This bit enables that phase result to be used in the DPLL algorithm, so that a large phase measurement gives a faster pull-in of the DPLL. If this bit is not set then the phase measurement is limited to ± 360º which can give a slower pull-in rate at higher input frequencies, but could also be used to give less overshoot. Setting this bit in direct locking mode, for example with a 19.44 MHz input, would give the same dynamic response as a 19.44 MHz input used with 8 k locking mode, where the input is divided down internally to 8 kHz first. 0 DPLL phase detector limited to ± 360º (± 1 UI). However it will still remember its original phase position over many thousands of UI if Bit 6 is set. 1 DPLL phase detector also uses the full coarse phase detector result. It can now measure up to: ± 360º x 8191 UI = ± 2,948,760º. Not used. - - 4 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 56 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 74 (cont...) Register Name cnfg_phase_loss_coarse_limit Bit 7 coarse_lim_ phaseloss_en Bit No. [3:0] Bit 6 wide_range_en Bit 5 FINAL Description (R/W) Register to configure some of the parameters of DPLL phase detectors. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 1110 0101 Bit 0 phase_loss_coarse_limit multi_ph_resp Description Bit Value phase_loss_coarse_limit Sets the range of the coarse phase loss detector and the coarse phase detector. When locking to a high frequency signal, and jitter tolerance greater than 0.5 UI is required, then the DPLL can be configured to track phase errors over many input clock periods. This is particularly useful with very low bandwidths. This register configures how many UI over which the input phase can be tracked. It also sets the range of the coarse phase loss detector, which can be used with or without the multi-UI phase capture range capability. This register value is used by Bits 6 and 7. 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100-1111 Value Description Input phase error tracked over ± 1 UI. Input phase error tracked over ± 3 UI. Input phase error tracked over ± 7 UI. Input phase error tracked over ± 15 UI. Input phase error tracked over ± 31 UI. Input phase error tracked over ± 63 UI. Input phase error tracked over ± 127 UI. Input phase error tracked over ± 255 UI. Input phase error tracked over ± 511 UI. Input phase error tracked over ± 1023 UI. Input phase error tracked over ± 2047 UI. Input phase error tracked over ± 4095 UI. Input phase error tracked over ± 8191 UI. Address (hex): 76 Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_ip_noise_window Bit 6 Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to enable the noise rejection function for low frequency inputs. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Default Value Bit 1 0000 0110 Bit 0 ip_noise_ window_en Bit No. 7 [6:0] Description Bit Value Value Description ip_noise_window_en Register bit to enable a window of 5% tolerance around low-frequency inputs (2, 4 and 8 kHz). This feature ensures that any edge caused by noise outside the 5% window where the edge is expected will not be considered within the DPLL. This reduces any possible phase hit when a low-frequency connection is removed and contact bounce is possible. 0 1 DPLL considers all edges for phase locking. DPLL ignores input edges outside a 95% to 105% window. Not used. - - Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 57 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 7A Register Name Bit 7 cnfg_sync_pulses Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure the Sync outputs available from FrSync and MFrSync and select the source for the 2 kHz and 8 kHz outputs from O1 and O2. Bit 4 Bit 3 8k_invert 2k_8k_from_ DPLL2 Bit No. 7 Description Bit Value Bit 2 8k_pulse Default Value 0000 0000 Bit 1 Bit 0 2k_invert 2k_pulse Value Description 2k_8k_from_DPLL2 Register to select the source (DPLL1 or DPLL2) for the 2 kHz and 8 kHz outputs available from O1 and O2. 0 1 2/8 kHz on O1 and O2 generated from DPLL1. 2/8 kHz on O1 and O2 generated from DPLL2. Not used. - - 3 8k_invert Register bit to invert the 8 kHz output from FrSync. 0 1 8 kHz FrSync output not inverted. 8 kHz FrSync output inverted. 2 8k_pulse Register bit to enable the 8 kHz output from FrSync to be either pulsed or 50:50 duty cycle. Output 02 must be enabled to use “pulsed output” mode on the FrSync output, and then the pulse width on the FrSync output will be equal to the period of the output programmed on O2. 0 1 8 kHz FrSync output not pulsed. 8 kHz FrSync output pulsed. 1 2k_invert Register bit to invert the 2 kHz output from MFrSync. 0 1 2 kHz MFrSync output not inverted. 2 kHz MFrSync output inverted. 0 2k_pulse Register bit to enable the 2 kHz output from MFrSync to be either pulsed or 50:50 duty cycle. Output 03 must be enabled to use “pulsed output” mode on the MFrSync output, and then the pulse width on the MFrSync output will be equal to the period of the output programmed on O3. 0 1 2 kHz MFrSync output not pulsed. 2 kHz MFrSync output pulsed. [6:4] Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 58 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 7D Register Name cnfg_LOS_alarm Bit 7 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Register to configure LOS (Loss of Signal) Alarm. Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 LOS_GPO_en Bit No. [7:3] Description Bit Value Default Value Bit 1 0000 0010 Bit 0 LOS_tristate_en LOS_ polarity Value Description Not used. - - 2 LOS_GPO_en (General Purpose Output). If the LOS_ALARM output pin is not required, then setting this bit will allow the pin to be used as a general purpose output. The pin will be driven to the state of the polarity control bit, int_polarity. 0 1 LOS_ALARM output pin used for interrupts. LOS_ALARM output pin used for GPO purpose. 1 LOS_tristate_en The LOS_ALARM pin can be configured to be either connected directly to a processor, or wired together with other sources. 0 1 LOS_ALARM pin always driven when inactive. LOS_ALARM pin only driven when active, highimpedance when inactive. 0 LOS_polarity The LOS_ALARM pin can be configured to be active High or Low. 0 1 Active Low - pin driven Low to indicate active alarm. Active High - pin driven High to indicate active alarm. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 59 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Address (hex): 7E Register Name cnfg_protection Bit 7 Bit 6 FINAL Description Bit 5 (R/W) Protection register to protect against erroneous software writes. Bit 4 Bit 3 Default Value Bit 2 Bit 1 1000 0101 Bit 0 protection_value Bit No. [7:0] Description Bit Value protection_value This register can be used to ensure that the software writes a specific value to this register, before being able to modify any other register in the device. Three modes of protection are offered, (i) protected, (ii) fully unprotected, (iii) single unprotected. When protected, no other register in the device can be written to. When fully unprotected, any writeable register in the device can be written to. When single unprotected, only one register can be written before the device automatically re-protects itself. Note...This register cannot be protected. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Value Description 0000 0000 – 1000 0100 Protected mode. 1000 0101 Fully unprotected. 1000 0110 Single unprotected. 1000 0111 – 1111 1111 Protected mode. Page 60 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Electrical Specifications FINAL JTAG Over-voltage Protection The JTAG connections on the ACS8526 allow a full boundary scan to be made. The JTAG implementation is fully compliant to IEEE 1149.1[4], with the following minor exceptions, and the user should refer to the standard for further information. The ACS8526 may require Over-voltage Protection on input reference clock ports according to ITU recommendation K.41[10]. Semtech protection devices are recommended for this purpose (see separate Semtech data book). 1. The output boundary scan cells do not capture data from the core, and so do not support EXTEST. However this does not affect board testing. 2. In common with some other manufacturers, pin TRST is internally pulled Low to disable JTAG by default. The standard is to pull High. The polarity of TRST is as the standard: TRST High to enable JTAG boundary scan mode, TRST Low for normal operation. The JTAG timing diagram is shown in Figure 9. Figure 9 JTAG Timing tCYC TCK tSUR tHT TMS TDI tDOD TDO F8110D_022JTAGTiming_01 Table 18 JTAG Timing (for use with Figure 9) Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units Cycle Time tCYC 50 - - ns TMS/TDI to TCK rising edge time tSUR 3 - - ns TCK rising to TMS/TDI hold time tHT 23 - - ns tDOD - - 5 ns TCK falling to TDO valid Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 61 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Maximum Ratings FINAL Important Note: The Absolute Maximum Ratings, Table 19, are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at conditions other than those indicated in the Operating Conditions sections of this specification are not implied. Exposure to the absolute maximum ratings for an extended period may reduce the reliability or useful lifetime of the product. Table 19 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Symbol Minimum Maximum Units Supply Voltage VDD1, VDD2, VDD3, VD1+,VD2+, VD3+, VA1+, VA2+, VA3+, VDD_DIFF VDD -0.5 3.6 V Input Voltage (non-supply pins) VIN - 5.5 V VOUT - 5.5 V Output Voltage (non-supply pins) TA -40 +85 oC TSTOR -50 +150 oC Ambient Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Operating Conditions Table 20 Operating Conditions Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units VDD 3.0 3.3 3.6 V VDD5V 3.0 3.3/5.0 5.5 V Ambient Temperature Range TA -40 - +85 oC Supply Current (Typical - one 19 MHz output) IDD 110 200 mA Total Power Dissipation PTOT 360 720 mW Power Supply (dc voltage) VDD1, VDD2, VDD3, VD1+,VD2+, VD3+, VA1+, VA2+, VA3+, VDD_DIFF Power Supply (dc voltage) VDD5V DC Characteristics Table 21 DC Characteristics: TTL Input Port Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated PARAMETER Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units VIN High VIH 2 - - V VIN Low VIL - - 0.8 V Input Current IIN - - 10 µA Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 62 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Table 22 DC Characteristics: TTL Input Port with Internal Pull-up Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units VIN High VIH 2 - - V VIN Low VIL - - 0.8 V Pull-up Resistor PU 30 - 80 kΩ Input Current IIN - - 120 µΑ Table 23 DC Characteristics: TTL Input Port with Internal Pull-down Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units VIN High VIH 2 - - V VIN Low VIL - - 0.8 V Pull-down Resistor PD 30 - 80 kΩ Input Current IIN - - 120 µA Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units VOUT Low (lOL = 4mA) VOL 0 - 0.4 V VOUT High (lOH = 4mA) VOH 2.4 - - V ID - - 4 mA Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units PECL Output Low Voltage (Note (i)) VOLPECL VDD-2.10 - VDD-1.62 V PECL Output High Voltage (Note (i)) VOHPECL VDD-1.25 - VDD-0.88 V PECL Output Differential Voltage (Note (i)) VODPECL 580 - 900 mV Table 24 DC Characteristics: TTL Output Port Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated Parameter Drive Current Table 25 DC Characteristics: PECL Output Port Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated Parameter Note: (i) With 50 Ω load on each pin to VDD-2 V, i.e. 82 Ω to GND and 130 Ω to VDD. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 63 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Figure 10 Recommended Line Termination for PECL Output Port V DD 130 Ω ZO=50Ω O1POS 82 Ω 130 Ω Fully Programmable Output Frequencies O1NEG ZO=50Ω 82 Ω GND V DD = +3.3 V F8522D_024PECL_01 Table 26 DC Characteristics: LVDS Output Port Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units LVDS Output High Voltage (Note (i)) VOHLVDS - - 1.585 V LVDS Output Low Voltage (Note (i)) VOLLVDS 0.885 - - V LVDS Differential Output Voltage VODLVDS 250 - 450 mV LVDS Change in Magnitude of Differential Output Voltage for complementary States (Note (i)) VDOSLVDS - - 25 mV LVDS Output Offset Voltage Temperature = 25oC (Note (i)) VOSLVDS 1.125 - 1.275 V Notes: (i) With 100 Ω load between the differential outputs. Figure 11 Recommended Line Termination for LVDS Output Port ZO = 50 Ω O1POS 100 Ω Fully Programmable Output Frequencies 01NEG ZO = 50 Ω F8522D_025LVDS_02 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 64 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Jitter Performance FINAL Output jitter generation measured over 60 second interval, UI pk-pk max measured using C-MAC E2747 12.8 MHz TCXO on ICT Flexacom tester. Table 27 Output Jitter Generation at 35 Hz bandwidth and 8 kHz Input Test Definition Specification Filter Jitter Spec ACS8526 Jitter UI UI (TYP) G813[8] for 155 MHz o/p option 1 65 kHz - 1.3 MHz 0.1 pk-pk 0.073 pk-pk G813[8] & G812[7] for 2.048 MHz option 1 20 Hz - 100 kHz 0.05 pk-pk 0.012 pk-pk 12 kHz - 1.3 MHz 0.1 pk-pk 0.069 pk-pk G812[7] for 1.544 MHz o/p 10 Hz - 40 kHz 0.05 pk-pk 0.011 pk-pk G812[7] for 155 MHz electrical 500 Hz - 1.3 MHz 0.5 pk-pk 0.083 pk-pk G812[7] for 155 MHz electrical 65 kHz - 1.3 MHz 0.075 pk-pk 0.073pk-pk for 2.048 MHz SEC o/p 20 Hz - 100 kHz 0.5 pk-pk 0.012 pk-pk ETS-300-462-3[2] for 2.048 MHz SEC o/p 49 Hz - 100 kHz 0.2 pk-pk 0.012 pk-pk ETS-300-462-3[2] for 2.048 MHz SSU o/p 20 Hz - 100 kHz 0.05 pk-pk 0.012 pk-pk ETS-300-462-5[3] for 155 MHz o/p 500 Hz - 1.3 MHz 0.5 pk-pk 0.083 pk-pk ETS-300-462-5[3] for 155 MHz o/p 65 kHz - 1.3 MHz 0.1 pk-pk 0.073 pk-pk GR-253-CORE[11] net i/f, 51.84 MHz o/p 100 Hz - 0.4 MHz 1.5 pk-pk 0.038 pk-pk GR-253-CORE[11] net i/f, 51.84 MHz o/p 20 kHz to 0.4 MHz 0.15 pk-pk 0.019 pk-pk GR-253-CORE[11] net i/f, 155 MHz o/p 500 Hz - 1.3 MHz 1.5 pk-pk 0.083 pk-pk 65 kHz - 1.3 MHz 0.15 pk-pk 0.073 pk-pk 12 kHz - 1.3 MHz 0.1 pk-pk 0.069 pk-pk 0.01 rms 0.009 rms 0.1 pk-pk 0.008 pk-pk 0.01 rms 0.004 rms 0.1 pk-pk 0.001 pk-pk 0.01 rms <0.001 rms G813 [8] for 155 MHz o/p option 2 ETS-300-462-3 GR-253-CORE [2] [11] net i/f, 155 MHz o/p GR-253-CORE[11] cat II elect i/f, 155 MHz GR-253-CORE[11] cat II elect i/f, 51.84 MHz GR-253-CORE[11] DS1 i/f, 1.544 MHz 12 kHz - 400 kHz 10 Hz - 40 kHz AT&T 62411[1] for 1.544 MHz 10 Hz - 8 kHz 0.02 rms <0.001 rms AT&T 62411[1] for 1.544 MHz 8 Hz - 40 kHz 0.025 rms <0.001 rms AT&T 62411[1] for 1.544 MHz 10 Hz - 40 kHz 0.025 rms <0.001 rms AT&T 62411[1] for 1.544 MHz Broadband 0.05 rms <0.001 rms G-742[6] for 2.048 MHz DC - 100 kHz 0.25 rms 0.012 rms 18 kHz - 100 kHz 0.05 pk-pk 0.012 pk-pk 20 Hz - 100 kHz 0.05 pk-pk 0.012 pk-pk G-742 [6] for 2.048 MHz G-736[5] for 2.048 MHz Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 65 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION FINAL Table 27 Output Jitter Generation at 35 Hz bandwidth and 8 kHz Input (cont...) Test Definition Specification GR-499-CORE [12] & G824 [9] Filter Jitter Spec ACS8526 Jitter UI UI (TYP) for 1.544 MHz 10 Hz - 40kHz 5.0 pk-pk 0.001 pk-pk GR-499-CORE[12] & G824[9] for 1.544 MHz 8 kHz - 40kHz 0.1 pk-pk 0.001 pk-pk GR-1244-CORE[13] for 1.544 MHz > 10 Hz 0.05 pk-pk 0.001 pk-pk Note...This table is only for comparing the ACS8526 output jitter performance against values and quoted in various specifications for given conditions. It should not be used to infer compliance to any other aspects of these specifications. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 66 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Input/Output Timing FINAL Figure 12 Input/Output Timing (Typical Conditions) Input/Output Typical Delay Output 8 kHz input Typical Phase Alignment (FrSync Alignment switched on) FrSync (8 kHz) 8.2 ns 8 kHz output MFrSync (2 kHz) +0.3 ns 6.48 MHz input 4.7 ns 8 kHz 6.48 MHz output 19.44 MHz input +0.6 ns 2 kHz +1.0 ns DS1 (1.544 MHz) +0.3 ns E1 (2.048 MHz) +0.3 ns DS3 (44.736 MHz) -2.4 ns E3 (34.368 MHz) -2.65 ns 6.48 MHz -2.4 ns 19.44 MHz -2.4 ns 25.92 MHz -2.4 ns 38.88 MHz -2.4 ns 51.84 MHz -2.4 ns 77.76 MHz -2.4 ns 155.52 MHz -2.5 ns 311.04 MHz -2.5 ns 4.3 ns 19.44 MHz output 25.92 MHz input 4.7 ns 25.92 MHz output 38.88 MHz input 4.6 ns 38.88 MHz output 51.84 MHz input 3.0 ns 51.84 MHz output 77.76 MHz input 5.3 ns 77.76 MHz output Typical Conditions: 25 deg. C, 3.3 V F8526D_021IP_OPTiming_02 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 67 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Package Information FINAL Figure 13 LQFP Package D 2 D1 1 3 AN2 AN3 1 Section A-A R1 S E 1 2 R2 B AN1 E1 A A B 3 AN4 L 4 L1 5 1 2 3 b A Section B-B 7 e A2 7 c c1 7 Seating plane A1 6 b1 7 b 8 Notes 1 The top package body may be smaller than the bottom package body by as much as 0.15 mm. 2 To be determined at seating plane. 3 Dimensions D1 and E1 do not include mold protrusion. Allowable protrusion is 0.25 mm per side. D1 and E1 are maximum plastic body size dimensions including mold mismatch. 4 Details of pin 1 identifier are optional but will be located within the zone indicated. 5 Exact shape of corners can vary. 6 A1 is defined as the distance from the seating plane to the lowest point of the package body. 7 These dimensions apply to the flat section of the lead between 0.10 mm and 0.25 mm from the lead tip. 8 Shows plating. Table 28 64 Pin LQFP Package Dimension Data (for use with Figure 13) Dimensions in mm Min. Nom. Max. D/E D1/ E1 A A1 A2 e 1.40 0.05 1.35 12.00 10.00 1.50 0.10 1.40 0.50 1.60 0.15 1.45 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. AN1 AN2 AN3 AN4 11o 11o 12o 13o R1 0o 0o 12o - 3.5o - 13o - 7o - Page 68 R2 L L1 0.08 0.08 0.45 - 0.60 1.00 (ref) 0.20 0.75 S b b1 c c1 0.20 0.17 0.17 0.09 0.09 - 0.22 0.20 - - - 0.27 0.23 0.20 0.16 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Thermal Conditions FINAL The device is rated for full temperature range when this package is used with a 4 layer or more PCB. Copper coverage must exceed 50%. All pins must be soldered to the PCB. Maximum operating temperature must be reduced when the device is used with a PCB with less than these requirements. Figure 14 Typical 64-Pin LQFP Package Landing Pattern 14 mm 14.3 13.0 mm ((1) 13 10.6 mm 10 1.85 mm Pitch ch 0.5 m mm idth h 0.3 .3 m mm Widt F8525D_029LQFootprt64 Notes: (i) Solderable to this limit. (ii) Square package - dimensions apply in both X and Y directions. (iii) Typical example. The user is responsible for ensuring compatibility with PCB manufacturing process, etc. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 69 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Application Information FINAL Figure 15 Simplified Application Schematic VDD3 P1 VDD VDD5v IC2 3 VIN 1 GND 5v VOUT VDD2 2 VDDA 0v EZ1086-3.3V term_connect (+) (+) C2 100uF C4 C3 100nF C5 100nF 10uF_TANT A.ND ZD1 BZV90C-5.6v D.ND D.ND 2 D.ND 3 Optional Processor Interface connections CSB SCLK SDO SDI D.ND O2 An example setup where input and output clocks are hard wired to accept 19.44MHz on SEC1 and SEC2. The outputs are configured as: O1 -> 155.52MHz O2 -> 38.88MHz C14 VDDA DGND VDD 100nF C15 100nF PORB C-MAC E2747_ 12.8MHz 1 AGND1 2 IC1 3 AGND2 4 VA1+ 5 LOS_ALARM 6 REFCLK 7 DGND1 8 VD1+ 9 VD2+ 10 DGND2 11 DGND3 12 VD3+ 13 SRCSW 14 VA2+ 15 AGND3 16 IC2 C6 100nF GND 4 3 NC NC NC 1 NC OP 5 X1 D.ND A.ND R1 10R 6 10 GNDb 7 NC 8 NC 9 VS 2 VDD VDD3 VDDA D.ND C7 100nF D.ND 3 source failure indication AGND source switch control R5 10K VDD R3 1M IC1 ACS8526 M1 R4 C16 220nF VDD C12 VDD D.ND 100nF VDD C10 100nF D.ND optional only needed for 5v protection BSH205 PORB D.ND PORB 48 SCLK 47 O1_FREQ1 46 O1_FREQ0 45 CSB 44 SDI 43 CLKE 42 TMS 41 DGND5 40 VDD2 39 O2_FREQ1 38 TRST 37 O2_FREQ2 36 O2_FREQ0 35 IP_FREQ2 34 IP_FREQ1 33 VDD5v VDD C13 1nF 17 FrSync 18 MFrSync 19 O1POS 20 O1NEG 21 GND_DIFF 22 VDD_DIFF 23 IC3 24 IC4 25 IC5 26 IC6 27 VDD5V 28 IP_FREQ0 29 SEC1 30 SEC2 31 DGND4 32 VDD1 C8 100nF R2 10R arrow arrow 49 TCK 50 TDO 51 TDI 52 SDO 53 DGND6 54 VDD3 55 NC1 56 O2 57 VA3+ 58 AGND4 59 NC2 60 IC7 61 IC8 62 IC9 63 O1_FREQ2 64 SONSDHB A.ND Typical 12.8MHz oscillator 1K C11 100nF D.ND D.ND Optional circuit to ensure SRCSW is high on power-up VDD2 FrSync MFrSync O1P O1N D.ND 2 C9 100nF SEC1 SEC2 D.ND D.ND 2 F8526D_031SimpleApp_01 Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 70 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Abbreviations APLL Analogue Phase Locked Loop BITS DFS DPLL DS1 Building Integrated Timing Supply Digital Frequency Synthesis Digital Phase Locked Loop 1544 kb/s interface rate DTO E1 I/O LOS Discrete Time Oscillator 2048 kb/s interface rate Input - Output Loss Of Signal LQFP LVDS MTIE Low profile Quad Flat Pack Low Voltage Differential Signal Maximum Time Interval Error NE PBO PDH PD2 Network Element Phase Build-out Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy Phase Detector 2 PECL PFD PLL POR Positive Emitter Coupled Logic Phase and Frequency Detector Phase Locked Loop Power-On Reset ppb ppm pk-pk R/W parts per billion parts per million peak-to-peak Read/Write rms RO SDH root-mean-square Read Only Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SEC SETS SONET SONSDHB SDH/SONET Equipment Clock Synchronous Equipment Timing source Synchronous Optical Network SONET High, SDH Low SSU STM TDEV TCXO Synchronization Supply Unit Synchronous Transport Module Time Deviation Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator Unit Interval Crystal Oscillator UI XO Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. FINAL References [1] AT & T 62411 (12/1990) ACCUNET® T1.5 Service description and Interface Specification [2] ETSI ETS 300 462-3, (01/1997) Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Generic requirements for synchronization networks; Part 3: The control of jitter and wander within synchronization networks [3] ETSI ETS 300 462-5 (09/1996) Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Generic requirements for synchronization networks; Part 5: Timing characteristics of slave clocks suitable for operation in Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) equipment [4] IEEE 1149.1 (1990) Standard Test Access Port and Boundary-Scan Architecture [5] ITU-T G.736 (03/1993) Characteristics of a synchronous digital multiplex equipment operating at 2048 kbit/s [6] ITU-T G.742 (1988) Second order digital multiplex equipment operating at 8448 kbit/s, and using positive justification [7] ITU-T G.812 (06/1998) Timing requirements of slave clocks suitable for use as node clocks in synchronization networks [8] ITU-T G.813 (08/1996) Timing characteristics of SDH equipment slave clocks (SEC) [9] ITU-T G.824 (03/2000) The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the 1544 kbit/s hierarchy [10] ITU-T K.41 (05/1998) Resistability of internal interfaces of telecommunication centres to surge overvoltages [11] Telcordia GR-253-CORE, Issue 3 (09/ 2000) Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Transport Systems: Common Generic Criteria [12] Telcordia GR-499-CORE, Issue 2 (12/1998) Transport Systems Generic Requirements (TSGR) Common requirements [13] Telcordia GR-1244-CORE, Issue 2 (12/2000) Clocks for the Synchronized Network: Common Generic Criteria Page 71 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Trademark Acknowledgements FINAL Notes Semtech Corp. and the Semtech S logo are registered trademarks of Semtech Corporation. ACCUNET® is a registered trademark of AT & T. Adobe® Portable Document Format (PDF) is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. C-MAC is a registered trademark of C-MAC MicroTechnology - a division of Solectron Corporation. ICT Flexacom is a registered trademark of ICT Electronics. Motorola is a registered trademark of Motorola, Inc. Telcordia is a registered trademark of Telcordia Technologies. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 72 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Revision Status/History FINAL The Revision Status, as shown in top right corner of the datasheet, may be TARGET, PRELIMINARY, or FINAL, and refers to the status of the Device (not the datasheet), with the design cycle. TARGET status is used when the design is being realised but is not yet physically available, and the datasheet content reflects the intention of the design. The datasheet is raised to PRELIMINARY status when initial prototype devices are physically available, and the datasheet content more accurately represents the realisation of the design. The datasheet is only raised to FINAL status after the device has been fully characterized, and the datasheet content updated with measured, rather than simulated parameter values. This is a FINAL release (Revision 3.00) of the ACS8526 datasheet. Changes made for this document revision are given in Table 29, together with a brief summary of previous revision changes. For specific changes between earlier revisions, refer (where available) to those earlier revisions. Always use the current version of the datasheet. Table 29 Revision History Revision Reference Description of changes 2.00/ December 2002 All pages First full release. 3.00/ January 2003 All pages Updated to FINAL status. Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 73 www.semtech.com ACS8526 LC/P LITE ADVANCED COMMUNICATION Ordering Information FINAL Table 30 Parts List Part Number ACS8526 Description LC/P LITE Line Card Protection Switch for PDH, SONET or SDH Systems Disclaimers Life support- This product is not designed or intended for use in life support equipment, devices or systems, or other critical applications. This product is not authorized or warranted by Semtech for such use. Right to change- Semtech Corporation reserves the right to make changes, without notice, to this product. Customers are advised to obtain the latest version of the relevant information before placing orders. Compliance to relevant standards- Operation of this device is subject to the User’s implementation and design practices. It is the responsibility of the User to ensure equipment using this device is compliant to any relevant standards. Contacts For Additional Information, contact the following: Semtech Corporation Advanced Communications Products E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.semtech.com USA: Mailing Address: Street Address: Tel: +1 805 498 2111, [email protected] P.O. Box 6097, Camarillo, CA 93011-6097 200 Flynn Road, Camarillo, CA 93012-8790 Fax: +1 805 498 3804 FAR EAST: 11F, No. 46, Lane 11, Kuang Fu North Road, Taipei, R.O.C. Tel: +886 2 2748 3380 Fax: +886 2 2748 3390 EUROPE: Semtech Ltd., Units 2 and 3, Park Court, Premier Way, Abbey Park Industrial Estate, Romsey, Hampshire, SO51 9DN Tel: +44 (0)1794 527 600 Fax: +44 (0)1794 527 601 ISO9001 CERTIFIED Revision 3.00/January 2003 © Semtech Corp. Page 74 www.semtech.com