AMS AMS2931

AMS2931
FEATURES
APPLICATIONS
• Fixed and Ajustable Versions Available
• Output Current in excess of 100mA
• Very Low Quiescent Current
• Reverse Battery Protection
• Input-output Differential less than 0.6V
• Short Circuit protection
• Internal Thermal Overload Protection
• 60V Load Dump Protection
• -50V Reverse Transient Protection
• Mirror Image Insertion Protection
• Battery Powered Systems
• Portable Consumer Equipment
• Cordless Telephones
• Portable (Notebook) Computers
• Portable Instrumentation
• Radio Control Systems
• Automotive Electronics
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AMS2931 series consists of positive fixed and adjustable voltage regulators ideally suited for use in battery-powered
systems. These devices feature very low quiescent current of 1mA or less when supplying 10mA loads. This unique
characteristic and the extremely low input -output differential required for proper regulation (0.2V for output currents of 10mA)
make the AMS2931 ideal to use for standby power systems.
Originally designed for automotive applications, the AMS2931 and all regulated circuitry are protected from input fault
conditions caused by reverse battery installation or two battery jump starts. During line transients, such as load dump (60V)
when the input voltage to the regulator can momentarily exceed the specified maximum operating voltage, the regulator will
automatically shut down to protect both internal circuits and the load. The AMS2931 series also includes internal current
limiting, thermal shutdown, and is able to withstand temporary power-up with mirror-image insertion.
The AMS2931 is offered in the 3-pin TO-92 package, 8-pin plastic SOIC, TO-220 and TO-263 packages.
ORDERING INFORMATION
OUTPUT
PACKAGE TYPE
8 LEAD SOIC
TO-220
AMS2931AS-X
AMS2931AT-X
AMS2931S-X
AMS2931T-X
ADJ.
AMS2931CS
X = 2.0V, 2.5V, 3.0V, 3.3V, 3.5V, 4.0V, 5.0V
*For additional available fixed voltages contact factory
VOLTAGE
FIXED*
TO-92
AMS2931AN-X
AMS2931N-X
OPER. TEMP
TO-263
AMS2931AM-X
AMS2931M-X
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RANGE
-40ºC to +85ºc
-40ºC to +85ºc
-40ºC to +85ºc
AMS2931
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1)
Overvoltage Protection
AMS2931A-X, AMS2931C
AMS2931-X
Maximum Input Voltage
Internal Power Dissipation (Note 4)
Storage Temperature
OPERATING CONDITIONS (Note1)
Input voltage range
Junction Temperature
Lead Temperature (Soldering 25 sec)
ESD
60V
50V
22V
Internally Limited
-65°C to +150°C
4V to 22V
+125°C
265°C
2000V
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Characteristics at VIN =14V, IO =10mA, TJ=25°C, C2 = 100µF unless otherwise specified.
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
Min.
AMS2931A-X
Typ.
Max.
Min.
AMS2931-X
Typ.
Max.
Units
Fixed Output voltage Versions
Output Voltage
6V ≤VIN ≤26V, IO=100 mA
-1.0
+1.0
- 3.0
+ 3.0
-3.0
+3.0
%
± 5.0
-40°C ≤TJ ≤125°C
%
9V ≤VIN ≤ 16V
2
10
2
10
6V ≤VIN ≤ 26V
4
30
4
30
mV
Load Regulation
5mA ≤IO ≤ 100 mA
14
50
14
50
mV
Dropout Voltage
IO = 10 mA
50
200
50
200
mV
IO = 100 mA
300
600
300
600
mV
IO ≤ 10 mA, 6V ≤ VIN ≤ 26V
0.4
1.0
0.4
1.0
mA
15
30
15
Line Regulation
Quiescent Current
mV
-40°C ≤TJ ≤ 125°C
5
IO = 100 mA, VIN = 14V, TJ = 25°C
Output Noise Voltage
10Hz-100kHz, COUT = 100µA
500
Output Impedance
100mADC and 10mArms,100Hz=10kHz
Long Term Stability
T =1000hr
Ripple Rejection
fO =120Hz
55
80
Maximum Line Transient
RL = 500Ω, VO ≤ 5.5V
60
70
50
-15
-30
-50
-80
mA
500
200
µV rms
200
20
mΩ
20
mV
80
dB
70
V
-15
-30
V
-50
-80
V
T = 1ms, τ ≤100ms
Reverse Polarity Input Voltage,
D/C
Reverse Polarity Input Voltage,
Transient
RL = 500Ω, T = 1ms, τ ≤100ms
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AMS2931
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Characteristics at VIN =14V, VOUT =3V IO =10mA, TJ=25°C, R1 =27k, C2 = 100µF unless otherwise specified.
PARAMETER
Min.
AMS2931C
Typ.
Max.
1.14
1.20
1.26
V
1.32
V
CONDITIONS
(Note 2)
Units
Adjustable Version
Reference Voltage
IO ≤ 100 mA, -40°C ≤TJ ≤ 125°C, R1=27k,
Measured from VOUT to Adjust Pin
Output Voltage Range
1.08
3
24
V
Line Regulation
VOUT + 0.6V ≤VIN ≤ 26V
.02
1.5
Load Regulation
5mA ≤IO ≤ 100 mA
0.3
1
%
Dropout Voltage
IO ≤ 10 mA
0.05
0.3
0.2
0.6
V
V
1
During Shutdown RL = 500Ω
0.4
15
0.8
Output Noise Voltage
10Hz-100kHz
100
µVrms/V
Output Impedance
100mADC and 10mArms,100Hz=10kHz
40
mΩ
Long Term Stability
T =1000hr
0.4
%/1000hr
Ripple Rejection
fO = 120Hz
0.02
%/V
IO = 100 mA
Quiescent Current
IO = 10 mA
IO = 100 mA
Maximum Operating Input
Voltage
Maximum Line Transient
21
IO = 10mA, Reference Voltage ≤ 1.5V
1
22
mV/V
mA
mA
mA
V
60
70
V
T = 1ms, τ ≤100ms
Reverse Polarity Input Voltage,
D/C
RL = 500Ω, VO ≥ -0.3V
-15
-30
V
Reverse Polarity Input Voltage,
Transient
RL = 500Ω, T = 1ms, τ ≤100ms
-50
-80
V
On/Off Threshold Voltage
VO = 3V
On
2.0
Off
3.25
On/Off Threshold Current
1.2
2.2
20
V
V
50
µA
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. For guaranteed performance limits and associated test
conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics tables.
Note 2: See Circuit in Typical Applications. To ensure constant junction temperature, low duty cycle pulse testing is used.
Note 3: Limits appearing in boldface type apply over the entire junction temperature range for operation. Limits appearing in normal type apply for
TA = TJ = 25°C.
Note 4: The junction-to-ambient thermal resistance are as follows: 195°C/W for the TO-92 (N) package, 160°C/W for the molded plastic SO-8 (S), 50°C/W
for the TO-220 package and 73°C/W for the TO-263 package. If the TO-220 package is used with a heat sink, θJA is the sum of the package thermal resistance
junction-to-case of 3°C/W and the thermal resistance added by the heat sink and the thermal interface. The thermal resistance of the TO-263 package can be
reduced by increasing the PCB copper area thermally connected to the package: using 0.5 square inches of copper area, ϕ JA is 50°C/W; with 1 square inch of
copper area ϕ JA is 37°C/W; and with 1.6 or more square inches of copper area ϕ JA is 32°C/W.
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AMS2931
PIN CONNECTIONS
FIXED OUTPUT VOLTAGE
OUTPUT
8L SOIC
SO-Package (S)
INPUT
OUTPUT 1
TO-220 (T)
8 INPUT
GROUND 2
7 GROUND
GROUND 3
6 GROUND
GND
N/C 4
Bottom View
TO-263 (M)
TAB IS
GND
OUTPUT
GND
INPUT
GND
TO-92
Plastic Package (N)
OUTPUT
GND
INPUT
5 N/C
Top View
Front View
Top View
ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
8L SOIC
SO-Package (S)
OUTPUT 1
8 INPUT
GROUND 2
7 GROUND
GROUND 3
6 GROUND
ADJ 4
5 ON/OFF
Top View
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
AMS2931-X (Fixed Output)
AMS2931C (Adjustable Output)
VCC
VIN
UNREGULATED
INPUT
C1*
0.1µF
AMS2931
GND
IQ
VOUT
REGULATED
OUTPUT
R3
51k
C2**
100µF
OUT
VOUT
OFF
ON/OFF
C1*
0.1µF
AMS2931
ADJUSTABLE
+
ADJ
ON
*Required if regulator is located far from power supply filter.
**C2 must be at least 100µF to maintain stability; it can be increased
without bound to maintain regulation during transients and it should be
located as close as possible to the regulator. This capacitor must be rated
over the same operating temperature range like the regulator. The ESR
of this capacitor is critical (see curve).
R1
28k
GND
C2**
100µF
R2
VOUT = VREF × ( R1+R2)/R1
Note: Using 27k for R1 will automatically compensate for errors in VOUT
due to the input bias current of the Adjust Pin ( approx. 1µA)
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AMS2931
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
0.3
IO = 50mA
IO = 10mA
0.1
0
0
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
6
4
2
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
60
INPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
CHANGE (V)
DEVIATION (mV)
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
~
-3 ~
~
~
0
0
15
30
TIME (µs)
45
TJ= 25°C
TJ = 85°C
TJ = -40°C
200
100
0
40
C2= 100µF
0
-40
~
~
20
10
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
30
~
~
150
0
0
15
30
TIME (µs)
45
Quiescent Current
25
VIN = 14V
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Load Transient Response
Quiescent Current
500
300
2.0
2.0
30
QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA)
OUTPUT CURRENT ( mA)
VIN = VOUT = 9V
C2= 100 µF
3
Peak Output Current
600
400
3.0
100
QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
8
-2
-20 -10
50
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
Line Transient Response
AMS2931-5.0
RL=500Ω
10
4.0
0
0
Output at Voltage Extremes
12
AMS2931-5.0
IO = 100mA
5.0
0
80
40
120
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (° C)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
DEVIATION (mV)
0.2
6.0
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
IO = 100mA
0.6
LOAD CURRENT(mA)
INPUT OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL (V)
INPUT OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL (V)
0.5
0.4
Low Voltage Behavior
Dropout Voltage
Dropout Voltage
0.6
0
60
30
90
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
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20
15
10
3
~
~
~
~
IO = 50mA
2
1
0
-40
IO = 0mA
0
40
80
120
TEMPERATURE (° C)
AMS2931
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
25
IO= 100mA
20
15
10
IO= 50mA
5
C2 = 100µF
TANTALUM
80
0
75
C2 = 100µF
ALUM
70
65
60
55
AMS2931-5.0
IO= 10mA
50
75
70
65
60
55
FQ= 120Hz
50
IO= 10mA
0 10 20 30 40 50
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
45
60
1
Output Impedance
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE (V)
1
0.1
10
45
1M
0
1k 10k 100k
100
FREQUENCY (Hz)
1M
6
4
2
0
-2
-100
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
~
~
CO= 100µF
RL= 500Ω
0
100 200 300
TIME (ms)
400
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (° C)
1.24
1.22
1.20
1.18
1.16
1.14
1.12
1.10
0
6 9 12 15 18 21
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.8
0.7
0.125" Lead Lenght
from PC Board
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.4" Lead
Lenght from
PC Board
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (° C)
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Maximum Power Dissipation (TO-92)
INFINITE HEAT SINK
NO HEAT SINK
3
1.0
0.9
2
0
0.1
0
1.26
500
10° C/W HEAT SINK
AMS2931C ADJUSTABLE
1.28
Maximum Power Dissipation (TO-220)
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
100
Reference Voltage
τ =150ms
~
~
Maximum Power Dissipation (SO-8)
1.0
0.9
25
50
75
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
1.30
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
IO = 10mA
1
100 1k 10k 100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
INPUT
VOLTAGE (V)
AMS2931-5.0
0.01
10
Operation During Load Dump
10
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE (Ω)
5V OUTPUT
80
RIPPLE REJECTION (dB)
5V OUTPUT
30
RIPPLE REJECTION (dB)
QUIESCENT CURRENT ( mA)
85
85
-5
-20 -10
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
Ripple Rejection
Ripple Rejection
Quiescent Current
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (° C)
AMS2931
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
On/Off Treshold
3
θJA = 32° C/W
θJA = 37° C/W
2
θJA = 50° C/W
1
θJA = 73° C/W
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (° C)
4.0
3.8
Output Capacitor ESR
AMS2931C ADJUSTABLE
3.6
3.4
OFF
3.2
3.0
2.8
2.6
ON
2.4
2.2
2.0
0
3
6
9 12 15 18 21
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
24
EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE (Ω)
4
ON/OFF VOLTAGE TRESHOLDS (V)
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
Maximum Power Dissipation (TO-263)
100
COUT= 100µF
VO = 5V
10
1
STABLE
REGION
0.1
0.01
0
80
20
40
60
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
100
APPLICATION HINTS
The AMS2931 series require an output capacitor for device
stability. The value required depends on the application circuit and
other factors.
Because high frequency characteristics of electrolytic capacitors
depend greatly on the type and even the manufacturer, the value of
capacitance that works well with AMS2931 for one brand or type
may not necessary be sufficient with an electrolytic of different
origin. Sometimes actual bench testing will be the only means to
determine the proper capacitor type and value. To obtain stability
in all general applications a high quality 100µF aluminum
electrolytic or a 47µF tantalum electrolytic can be used.
A critical characteristic of the electrolytic capacitors is their
performance over temperature. The AMS2931 is designed to
operate to -40°C, but some electrolytics will freeze around -30°C
therefore becoming ineffective. In such case the result is
oscillation at the regulator output. For all application circuits
where cold operation is necessary, the output capacitor must be
rated to operate at the minimum temperature. In applications
where the regulator junction temperature will never be lower than
25°C the output capacitor value can be reduced by a factor of two
over the value required for the entire temperature range (47µF for
a high quality aluminum or 22µF for a tantalum electrolytic
capacitor).
With higher output currents, the stability of AMS2931 decreases.
Considering the fact that in many applications the AMS2931 is
operated at only a few milliamps (or less) of output current, the
output capacitor value can be reduced even further. For example, a
circuit that is required to deliver a maximum of 10mA of output
current from the regulator output will need an output capacitor of
only half the value compared to the same regulator required to
deliver the full output current of 100mA.
In the case of AMS2931C (adjustable), the minimum value of
output capacitance is a function of the output voltage. As a general
rule, with higher output voltages the value of the output
capacitance decreases, since the internal loop gain is reduced.
In order to determine the minimum value of the output capacitor,
for an application circuit, the entire circuit including the capacitor
should be bench tested at minimum operating temperatures and
maximum operating currents. To maintain internal power
dissipation and die heating to a minimum, the input voltage should
be maintain at 0.6V above the output. Worst-case occurs just after
input power is applied and before the die had the chance to heat
up. After the minimum capacitance value has been found for the
specific brand and type of electrolytic capacitor, the value should
be doubled for actual use to cover for production variations both
in the regulator and the capacitor.
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AMS2931
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted.
3 LEAD TO-92 PLASTIC PACKAGE (N)
0.180±0.005
(4.572±0.127)
0.060±0.005
(1.524±0.127)
DIA
0.060±0.010
(1.524±0.254)
0.90
(2.286)
NOM
0.180±0.005
(4.572±0.127)
0.140±0.010
(3.556±0.127)
5° NOM
0.500
(12.70)
MIN
0.050
(1.270)
MAX
UNCONTROLLED
LEAD DIMENSIONS
0.015±0.002
(0.381±0.051)
0.016±0.003
(0.406±0.076)
0.050±0.005
(1.270±0.127)
10°
NOM
N (TO-92 ) AMS DRW# 042391
8 LEAD SOIC PLASTIC PACKAGE (S)
0.189-0.197*
(4.801-5.004)
8
7
6
5
0.150-0.157**
(3.810-3.988)
0.228-0.244
(5.791-6.197)
1
2
3
4
0.010-0.020 x 45°
(0.254-0.508)
0.053-0.069
(1.346-1.752)
0.004-0.010
(0.101-0.254)
0.014-0.019
(0.355-0.483)
0.008-0.010
(0.203-0.254)
0.050
(1.270)
TYP
0°-8° TYP
0.016-0.050
(0.406-1.270)
*DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH
SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.006" (0.152mm) PER SIDE
**DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH. INTERLEAD
FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.010" (0.254mm) PER SIDE
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S (SO-8 ) AMS DRW# 042293
AMS2931
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued).
3 LEAD TO-220 PLASTIC PACKAGE (T)
0.147-0.155
(3.734-3.937)
DIA
0.390-0.415
(9.906-10.541)
0.165-0.180
(4.191-4.572)
0.045-0.055
(1.143-1.397)
0.230-0.270
(5.842-6.858)
0.570-0.620
(14.478-15.748)
0.460-0.500
(11.684-12.700)
0.330-0.370
(8.382-9.398)
0.980-1.070
(24.892-27.178)
0.218-0.252
(5.537-6.401)
0.520-0.570
(13.208-14.478)
0.090-0.110
(2.286-2.794)
0.050
(1.270)
TYP
0.028-0.038
(0.711-0.965)
0.013-0.023
(0.330-0.584)
0.095-0.115
(2.413-2.921)
T (TO-220) AMS DRW# 042193
3 LEAD TO-263 PLASTIC DD (M)
0.060
(1.524)
TYP
0.390-0.415
(9.906-10.541)
0.165-0.180
(4.191-4.572)
0.004 +0.008
-0.004
(0.102 +0.203 )
-0.102
0.330-0.370
(8.382-9.398)
0.199-0.218
(5.05-5.54)
0.090-0.110
(2.286-2.794)
0.032
(0.81)
TYP
0.108
(2.74)
TYP
0.013-0.023
(0.330-0.584)
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0.045-0.055
(1.143-1.397)
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0.095-0.115
(2.413-2.921)
0.90-0.110
(2.29-2.79)
M (DD3) AMS DRW# 042191R1