Cirrus CS4216 16-bit stereo audio codec Datasheet

CS4216
Semiconductor Corporation
16-Bit Stereo Audio Codec
Features
General Description
• CMOS Stereo Audio Input/Output System
Delta-Sigma A/D Converters
Delta-Sigma D/A Converters
Input Anti-Aliasing and Output
Smoothing Filters
Programmable Input Gain and
Output Attenuation
• Sample Frequencies of 4 kHz to 50 kHz
• CD Quality Noise and Distortion
< 0.01 %THD
• Internal 64X Oversampling
• Low Power Dissipation: 80 mA
The CS4216 is an MwaveTM
audio codec.
The CS4216 Stereo Audio Codec is a monolithic
CMOS device for computer multimedia, automotive,
and portable audio applications. It performs A/D and
D/A conversion, filtering, and level setting, creating 4
audio inputs and 2 audio outputs for a digital computer
system. The digital interfaces of left and right channels
are multiplexed into a single serial data bus with word
rates up to 50 kHz per channel. Up to 4 CS4216 devices can be attached to a single hardware bus.
Both the ADCs and the DACs use delta-sigma modulation with 64X oversampling. The ADCs include a digital
decimation filter which eliminates the need for external
anti-aliasing filters. The DACs include output smoothing
filters on-chip.
Ordering Information:
CS4216-KL
0° to 70°C
CS4216-KQ
0° to 70°C
CDB4216
Evaluation Board
1 mA Power-Down Mode
44-pin PLCC
44-pin TQFP
OUTPUT
A T TE N U A TIO N
D /A
D IG IT A L
F IL T E R S
PDN
POW ER
CONTROL
RESET
D /A
SM ODE3
LO U T
OUTPUT
MUTE
ROUT
DO 1
M F 5 :D O 2 /IN T
M F 2 :D O 3 /F 2 /C D IN
M F 1 :D O 4 /F 1 /C D O U T
D I1
M F 6 :D I2 /F 1
M F 3 :D I3 /F 3 /C C L K
M F 4 :D I4 /M A /C C S
SM ODE2
SM ODE1
S D IN
SDOUT
S E R IA L IN T E R F A C E C O N T R O L
SC LK
SSYNC
R EFG N D
R EF BYP
REFBUF
V O LTAG E R EFERE NC E
D IG ITA L
F IL T E R S
M F 7:S F S 1 /F 2
M F 8:S F S 2 /F 3
A /D
L IN 1
L IN 2
INPUT
GAIN
INPUT
MUX
R IN 1
R IN 2
A /D
C L K IN
VD
Crystal Semiconductor Corporation
P.O. Box 17847, Austin, TX 78760
(512) 445-7222 FAX: (512) 445-7581
VA
DGND
AGND
Copyright  Crystal Semicondutor Corporation 1993
(All Rights Reserved)
Oct ’93
DS83F2
1
CS4216
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
(AGND, DGND = 0V, all voltages with re-
spect to 0V.)
Parameter
Power Supplies:
Digital
Analog
Operating Ambient Temperature
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
VD
VA
4.75
4.75
5.0
5.0
5.25
5.25
V
V
TA
0
25
70
°C
ANALOG CHARACTERISTICS( TA = 25°C; VA, VD = +5V; Input Levels: Logic 0 = 0V,
Logic 1 = VD; 1 kHz Input Sine Wave; CLKIN = 24.576 MHz; SM1; Conversion Rate = 48 kHz; SCLK =
12.288 MHz; Measurement Bandwidth is 10 Hz to 20 kHz; Unless otherwise specified.)
Parameter *
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Analog Input Characteristics - Minimum gain setting (0 dB); unless otherwise specified.
ADC Resolution
ADC Differential Nonlinearity
(Note 1)
16
-
-
Bits
-
-
±0.9
LSB
Instantaneous Dynamic Range
IDR
80
85
-
dB
Total Harmonic Distortion
THD
-
-
0.01
%
Interchannel Isolation
-
80
-
dB
Interchannel Gain Mismatch
-
-
±0.5
dB
-0.5
-
+0.2
dB
21
22.5
24
dB
Gain Step Size
-
1.5
-
dB
Absolute Gain Step Error
-
-
0.75
dB
Gain Drift
-
100
-
ppm/°C
-
±10
±150
±100
±400
LSB
LSB
2.5
2.8
3.1
Vpp
20
-
-
kΩ
-
-
15
pF
Frequency Response
(Note 1)
Programmable Input Gain Span
Offset Error
DC Coupled Inputs
AC Coupled Inputs
Full Scale Input Voltage
Input Resistance
(Notes 1,2)
Input Capacitance
(Note 1)
Notes: 1. This specification is guaranteed by characterization, not production testing.
2. Input resistance is for the input selected. Non-selected inputs have a very high (>1MΩ) input resistance.
* Parameter definitions are given at the end of this data sheet.
MwaveTM is a trademark of the IBM Corporation.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
2
DS83F2
CS4216
ANALOG CHARACTERISTICS
(Continued)
Parameter *
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Analog Output Characteristics - Minimum Attenuation; Unless Otherwise Specified.
DAC Resolution
DAC Differential Nonlinearity
(Note 1)
16
-
-
Bits
-
-
±0.9
LSB
Total Dynamic Range
TDR
-
93
-
dB
Instantaneous Dynamic Range
IDR
80
83
-
dB
THD
-
-
0.02
%
-
80
-
dB
-
-
±0.5
dB
Total Harmonic Distortion
(Note 4)
Interchannel Isolation
(Note 4)
Interchannel Gain Mismatch
Frequency Response
(Note 1)
-0.5
-
+0.2
dB
Programmable Output Attenuation Span
(Note 3)
-45
-46.5
-
dB
Attenuation Step Size
(Note 3)
-
1.5
-
dB
Absolute Attenuation Step Error
(Note 3)
-
-
0.75
dB
-
100
-
ppm/°C
1.9
2.2
2.5
V
-
10
-
mV
Gain Drift
REFBUF Output Voltage
(Note 5)
Maximum output current= 400 µA
Offset Voltage
Full Scale Output Voltage
(Note 4)
2.5
2.8
3.1
Vpp
Deviation from Linear Phase
(Note 1)
-
-
1
Degree
(22 kHz to 100 kHz)
-
-60
-
dB
Operating
Power Down
-
80
-
100
1
mA
mA
(1 kHz)
-
40
-
dB
Out of Band Energy
Power Supply
Power Supply Current
Power Supply Rejection
(Note 6)
Notes: 3. Tested in SM3, Slave sub-mode, 128 BPF.
4. 10 kΩ, 100 pF load.
5. REFBUF load current must be DC. To drive dynamic loads, REFBUF must be buffered.
AC variations in REFBUF current may degrade ADC and DAC performance.
6. Typically current: VA = 30mA, VD = 50mA. Power supply current does not include output loading.
* Parameter definitions are given at the end of this data sheet.
DS83F2
3
CS4216
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25°C; VA, VD = +5V, outputs loaded with 30 pF; Input
Levels: Logic 0 = 0V, Logic 1 = VD)
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
CLKIN
CLKIN
2.048
1.024
24.576
12.288
25.6
12.8
MHz
MHz
CLKIN low time
tckl
15
-
-
ns
CLKIN high time
tckh
15
-
-
ns
Input clock (CLKIN) frequency
SM1:
SM2, SM3, SM4:
Sample Rate
(Note 1)
Fs
4
-
50
kHz
DI pins setup time to SCLK edge
(Note 1)
ts2
10
-
-
ns
DI pins hold time from SCLK edge
(Note 1)
th2
8
-
-
ns
tpd2
30
-
-
ns
DO pins delay from SCLK edge
SCLK and SSYNC output delay
from CLKIN rising
Master Mode (Note 1)
tpd3
-
-
50
ns
SCLK period
Master Mode (Note 7)
Slave Mode
tsckw
75
1/(Fs*bpf)
-
-
s
ns
SCLK high time
Slave Mode
tsckh
30
-
-
ns
SCLK low time
Slave Mode
tsckl
30
-
-
ns
SDIN, SSYNC setup time to SCLK edge
Slave Mode
ts1
15
-
-
ns
SDIN, SSYNC hold time from SCLK edge
Slave Mode
th1
10
-
-
ns
tpd1
-
-
28
ns
SDOUT delay from SCLK edge
Output to Hi-Z state
bit 64 (Note 1)
thz
-
-
12
ns
Output to non-Hi-Z
bit 1 (Note 1)
tnz
15
-
-
ns
500
-
-
ns
RESET pulse width low
CCS low to CCLK rising
SM4 (Note 1)
tcslcc
25
-
-
ns
CDIN setup to CCLK falling
SM4 (Note 1)
tdiscc
15
-
-
ns
CCLK low to CDIN invalid (hold time)
SM4 (Note 1)
tccdih
10
-
-
ns
CCLK high time
SM4 (Note 1)
tcclhh
25
-
-
ns
CCLK low time
SM4 (Note 1)
tcclhl
25
-
-
ns
CCLK Period
SM4 (Note 1)
tcclkw
75
-
-
ns
CCLK rising to CDOUT data valid
SM4 (Note 1)
tccdov
-
-
30
ns
CCLK rising to CDOUT Hi-Z
SM4 (Note 1)
tccdot
-
-
30
ns
CCLK falling to CCS high
SM4 (Note 1)
tcccsh
0
-
-
ns
Notes: 7. When the CS4216 is in master mode (SSYNC and SCLK outputs), the SCLK duty cycle is 50%.
The equation is based on the selected sample frequency (Fs) and the number of bits per frame (bpf).
4
DS83F2
CS4216
SSYNC
[SM1, SM2\
*Word Sync
*Word Sync
Frame Sync
t s1
t sckl
t sckh
t s1
t h1
t h1
SCLK
[SM1,SM2\
t sckw
SCLK
[SM3,SM4\
t sckh t sckl
t s1
t h1
SSYNC
[SM3,SM4\
t h1
t s1
[SM1,SM2,SM3\
(SM4)
SDIN
Bit 1
Bit 2
SDOUT
Bit 33
(Bit 1)
Bit 32
(Bit 32)
Bit 33
(Bit 1)
Bit 63
(Bit 31)
Bit 64
(Bit 32)
t pd1
t pd1
[SM1,SM2,SM3\
Bit 32
(Bit 32)
t hz
Bit 2
Bit 1
(SM4)
Bit 63
(Bit 31)
Bit 64
(Bit 32)
t nz
* Optional
Serial Audio Port Timing
M F 4 :C C S
LCL
ADV
M F 1 :C D O U T
t cslcc
t cclkl
t cclkh
t ccd o v
M F 3 :C C L K
t ccd ih
t disc c
M F 2 :C D IN
t cc lkw
0
M SK
DO1
L A tt4
L A tt3
L A tt2
L A tt1
L A tt0
R A tt4
R A tt3
R A tt2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
M F 4 :C C S
t c ccs h
0
0
M F 1 :C D O U T
1
Err1
Err0
LCL
D I1
RCL
ADV
t cc do t
M F 3 :C C L K
M F 2 :C D IN
R G a in 2 R G ain1 R G ain0
22
23
24
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Serial Mode 4. Control Data Serial Port Timing
DS83F2
5
CS4216
SCLK*
t s2
t h2
t ckl
DIx
t ckh
CLKIN
t pd2
DOx
* SCLK is inverted for SM1 and SM2
t pd3
SCLK
SSYNC
(Master Mode)
DI/DO Timing
SCLK & SSYNC Output Timing
(Master Mode)
DIGITAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25°C; VA, VD = 5V)
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
High-level Input Voltage
VIH
VD-1.0
-
-
V
Low-level Input Voltage
VIL
-
-
1.0
V
High-level Output Voltage at I0 = -2.0 mA
VOH
VD-0.3
-
-
V
Low-level Output Voltage at I0 = +2.0 mA
VOL
-
-
0.1
V
(Digital Inputs)
-
-
10
µA
(High-Z Digital Outputs)
-
-
10
µA
COUT
-
-
15
pF
CIN
-
-
15
pF
Input Leakage Current
Output Leakage Current
Output Capacitance
Input Capacitance
6
DS83F2
CS4216
A/D Decimation Filter Characteristics
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Units
0
-
0.45Fs
Hz
-0.5
-
+0.2
dB
Passband Ripple
-
-
±0.2
dB
Transition Band
0.45Fs
-
0.55Fs
Hz
≥ 0.55Fs
-
-
Hz
80
-
-
dB
Group Delay
-
16/Fs
-
s
Group Delay Variation vs. Frequency
-
0.0
µs
Passband
Symbol
(Fs is conversion freq.)
Frequency Response
Stop Band
Stop Band Rejection
D/A Interpolation Filter Characteristics
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Units
0
-
0.45Fs
Hz
-0.5
-
+0.2
dB
Passband Ripple
-
-
±0.1
dB
Transition Band
0.45Fs
-
0.55Fs
Hz
≥ 0.55Fs
-
-
Hz
74
-
-
dB
Group Delay
-
16/Fs
-
s
Group Delay Variation vs. Frequency
-
-
0.1/Fs
µs
Passband
Symbol
(Fs is conversion freq.)
Frequency Response
Stop Band
Stop Band Rejection
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (AGND, DGND = 0V, all voltages with respect to 0V.)
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
VD
VA
-0.3
-0.3
-
6.0
6.0
V
V
-
-
±10.0
mA
Analog Input Voltage
-0.3
-
VA+0.3
V
Digital Input Voltage
-0.3
-
VD+0.3
V
-55
-
+125
°C
-65
-
+150
°C
Power Supplies:
Input Current
Ambient Temperature
Storage Temperature
Warning:
DS83F2
Digital
Analog
(Except Supply Pins)
(Power Applied)
Operation beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device.
Normal operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.
7
CS4216
F errite B ead
+5V
S upply
2.0
+
1 µF
0 .1 µF
+
24
4
VD
Line In 2
R ight
26
+5V
A nalog
0 .1 µF
1 µF
If a s eparate +5V
A na log supply is use d, rem ove
the 2.0 o hm re sistor
VA
15
+
ROUT
R IN 2
> 1.0 µF
40 k
600
R ig ht
A u dio
O utpu t
0 .0 0 2 2µF
NPO
S ee A nalog Inputs section
for sugg ested inp ut ciruits.
16
+
LO U T
600
28
L in e In 2
L eft
> 1.0 µF
40 k
L eft
A u dio
O utpu t
0.0 0 2 2µF
NPO
LIN 2
21
R E F BY P
0 .1 µF
22
Line In 1
R ig ht
10 µF
R E FG N D
CS4216
25
+
R IN 1
C LKIN
3
2
R E SE T
20
T o O ptional
Input B uffe rs
PDN
R EFBU F
SDO UT
0 .4 7µF
S D IN
SC LK
27
L in e In 1
L eft
S S YN C
LIN 1
13
43
C on troller
42
44
1
33
D I1
37
40
P aralle l Bits
or
S ub -M ode
S ettings
or
C ontrol P ort
39
35
36
38
34
DO1
M F1:D O 4/F 1/C D O U T
M F2:D O 3/F 2/C D IN
SMODE3
M F3:D I3/F3/C C LK
SMODE2
SMODE1
M F 4:D I4/M A/C C S
M F7 :S FS 1
M F5:D O 2/IN T
M F8:S FS 2
41
32
29
31
M ode
S etting
30
M F6:D I2/F 1
AG N D
23
DGND
5
N ote: A G N D and D G N D pins M U S T be o n th e sam e gro und plane
R efer to the A nalog Inputs
section for term inatin g
unu sed line inp uts.
A ll other unused in puts
should b e tied to G N D . A ll N C
pins sh ould be le ft floating.
Figure 1. Typical Connection Diagram
8
DS83F2
CS4216
OVERVIEW
The CS4216 contains two analog-to-digital converters, two digital-to-analog converters,
adjustable input gain, and adjustable output level
control. Since the converters contain all the required filters in digital or sampled analog form,
the filters’ frequency responses track the sample
rate of the CS4216. Only a single-pole RC filter
is required on the analog inputs and outputs. The
RC filter acts as a charge reserve for the
switched-capacitor input and buffers op-amps
from a switched-capacitor load. Communication
with the CS4216 is via a serial port, with separate pins for data into the device, and data from
the device. The filters and converters operate
over a sample rate range of 4 kHz to 50 kHz.
56 pF
0.47 uF 20 k
Line In
Right
10 k
_
150
+
0.01 uF
NPO
RINx
(PLCC pin 25 or 26)
5k
Example
Op-Amps
are
MC34072
or
LT1013
REFBUF
0.47 uF
_
150
0.47 uF 20 k
Line In
Left
+
10 k
Op-amps are run
from VA+5V and
AGND
LINx
(PLCC pin 27 or 28)
0.01 uF
NPO
56 pF
Figure 2. DC Coupled Input.
FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS
Analog Inputs and Outputs
0.47 uF
Line In
Figure 1 illustrates the suggested connection diagram to obtain full performance from the
CS4216. The line level inputs, LIN1 or LIN2
and RIN1 or RIN2, are selected by an internal
input multiplexer. This multiplexer is a source
selector and is not designed for switching between inputs at the sample rate.
Right
RINx
(PLCC pin 25 or 26)
150
0.01 uF
NPO
NPO
0.01 uF
150
Line In
Left
LINx
(PLCC pin 27 or 28)
0.47 uF
Unused analog inputs that are not selected have
a very high input impedance, so they may be
tied to AGND directly. Unused analog inputs
that are selected should be tied to AGND
through a 0.1 µF capacitor. This prevents any
DC current flow.
The analog inputs are single-ended and internally biased to the REFBUF voltage (nominally
2.2 V). The REFBUF output pin can be used to
level shift an input signal centered around
0 Volts as shown in Figure 2. The input buffers
shown have a gain of 0.5, yielding a full scale
input sensitivity of 2 Vrms with the CS4216 proDS83F2
Figure 3. AC Coupled Input
grammable gain set to 0. If the source impedance is very low, then the inputs can be AC
coupled with a series 0.47 µF capacitor, eliminating the need for external op-amps (see Figure
3). However, the use of AC coupling capacitors
will increase DC offset at 0dB gain (see Analog
Characteristics Table).
The analog outputs are also single-ended and
centered around the REFBUF pin. AC coupling
capacitors of >1 µF are recommended.
9
CS4216
Offset Calibration
Both input and output offset voltages are minimized by internal calibration. Offset calibration
occurs after exiting a reset or power down condition. During calibration, which takes 194 frames,
output data from the ADCs will be all zeros, and
will be flagged as invalid. Also, the DAC outputs
will be muted. After power down mode or power
up, RESET should be held low for a minimum
of 50 ms to allow the voltage reference to settle.
Input Gain and Output Level Setting
Input gain is adjustable from 0 dB to +22.5 dB
in 1.5 dB steps. In serial modes SM1 and SM2,
the output level attenuation is adjustable from
0 dB to -22.5 dB. In serial modes SM3 and
SM4, the output level attenuation is adjustable
from 0 dB to -46.5 dB. Both input and output
gain adjustments are internally made on zerocrossings of the analog signal, to minimize
"zipper" noise. The gain change automatically
takes effect if a zero crossing does not occur
within 512 frames.
Muting and the ADC Valid Counter
The mute function allows the output channels to
be silenced. It is the controlling processor’s responsibility to reduce the signal level to a low
value before muting, to avoid an audible click.
The outputs should be muted before changing
the sample frequency.
The serial data stream contains a "Valid Data"
indicator for the A/D converters which is false
until enough clocks have passed since reset, or
low-power (power down mode) operation to have
valid A/D data from the filters, i.e., until calibration time plus the full latency of the digital
filters has passed.
10
SSYNC
SCLK
(SM3)
Start of
Frame
DI pins
DO pins
latched
update
Figure 4. Digital Input/Output Timing
Parallel Digital Input/Output Pins
Parallel digital inputs are general purpose pins
whose value is reflected in the serial data output
stream to the processor. Parallel digital outputs
provide a way to control external devices using
bits in the serial data input stream. All parallel
digital pins, with the exception of DI1 and DO1,
are multifunction and are defined by the serial
mode selected. Serial modes 1 and 2 define all
multifunction pins as general purpose digital inputs and outputs. In Serial mode 3 only two
digital inputs and two digital outputs are available. In serial mode 4 only one digital input and
digital output exists. Figure 4 shows when the DI
pins are latched, and when the DO pins are updated in SM3 and SM4.
Reset and Power Down Modes
Reset places the CS4216 into a known state and
must be held low for at least 50 ms after powerup or a hard power down. Reset must also occur
when the codec is in master mode and a change
in sample frequency is desired. In reset, the digital outputs are driven low. Reset sets all control
data register bits to zero.
Hard power down mode may be initiated by
bringing the PDN pin low. All analog outputs
will be driven to the REFBUF voltage which
will then decay to zero. All digital outputs will
be driven low and then will go to a high impedance state. Minimum power consumption will
occur if CLKIN is held low. After leaving the
power down state, RESET should be held low
for 50 ms to allow the analog voltage reference
to settle before calibration is started.
DS83F2
CS4216
Alternatively, soft power down may be initiated,
in slave mode, by reducing the SCLK frequency
below the minimum CLKIN/12. In soft power
down the analog outputs are muted and the serial
data from the codec will indicate invalid data
and the appropriate error code. The parallel bit
I/O is still functional in soft power down mode.
This is, in effect, a low power mode with only
the parallel bit I/O unit functioning.
audio data which reduces the number of bits on
the audio port from 64 to 32 per codec.
The serial port protocol is based on frames consisting of 1, 2, or 4 sub-frames. The frame rate is
the system sample rate. Each sub-frame is used
by one CS4216 device. Up to 4 CS4216s may be
attached to the same serial control lines. SFS1
and SFS2 are tied low or high to indicate to each
CS4216 which sub-frame is allocated for it to
use.
Audio Serial Interface
Serial Data Format
In serial modes 1, 2, and 3, the audio serial port
uses 4 pins: SDOUT, SDIN, SCLK and SSYNC.
SDIN carries the D/A converters’ input data and
control bits. Input data is ignored for frames not
allocated to the selected CS4216. SDOUT carries the A/D converters’ output data and status
bits. SDOUT goes to a high-impedance state
during frames not allocated to the selected
CS4216. SCLK clocks data in to and out of the
CS4216. The rising edge of SCLK clocks data
out on SDOUT. The falling edge latches data on
SDIN into the port (SCLK polarity is inverted in
Serial Modes 1&2). SSYNC indicates the start of
a frame and/or sub-frame. SCLK and SSYNC
must be synchronous to the master clock.
Serial mode 4 is similar to serial mode 3 with
the exception of the control information. In serial
mode 4 the control information is entered
through a separate asynchronous control port.
Therefore, the audio serial port only contains
SMODE PINS
3
2
1
Serial
Mode
0
0
0
SM1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
SM2
SM3
1
x
x
SM4
SCLK Bit
Center
Sub-frame
Width
Rising
64 bits
In serial modes 1, 2, and 3, a sub-frame is
64 bits in length and consists of two 16-bit audio
values and two 16-bit control fields. In serial
mode 4 a sub-frame is 32 bits in length and only
contains the two 16-bit audio values; the control
data is loaded through a separate port. The audio
data is MSB first, 2’s complement format. The
sub-frame bit assignments for serial modes 1, 2,
and 3, are numbered 1 through 64 and are shown
in Figures 5 and 6. Control data bits all reset to
zero.
CS4216 SERIAL INTERFACE MODES
The CS4216 has 4 serial port modes, selected by
the SMODE1, SMODE2 and SMODE3 pins. In
all modes, CLKIN, SCLK and SSYNC must be
derived from the same clock source. SM1 is an
easy interface to ASICs that use a change in the
SCLK-to-CLKIN ratio to determine the sample
Bits per
Frame (BPF)
SCLK &
SSYNC
256
Slave
Master
Frequency
CLKIN = 512×Fs
Rising
64 bits
Falling
64 bits
Factory Test mode
256
Slave
64/128/256 Master/Slave
SCLK = 256×Fs
CLKIN/SCLK = 256×Fs
32 bits†
32/64/128† Master/Slave
CLKIN = 256×Fs
Falling
†
Contains audio data only. Control information is entered through a separate serial port.
Table 1. Serial Port Modes
DS83F2
11
CS4216
Sub-frame Bits 33 to 48
Right DAC audio data MSB first, 2’s complement coded.
INPUT DATA BIT DEFINITIONS
Sub-frame bits 1 to 16
Left DAC Audio Data, MSB first, 2’s complement coded.
Sub-frame Bits 49 to 50
Must be zero.
Sub-frame Bits 17 to 24
17
0
18
0
19
0
20
0
21
22
EXP MUTE
23
ISL
Sub-frame Bits 51 to 60
24
ISR
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
* LA4 LA3 LA2 LA1 LA0 RA4 RA3 RA2 RA1 RA0
EXP
Expand bit
Reserved. Must be set to zero.
MUTE Mute D/A Outputs
0 - Normal Outputs
1 - Mute Outputs
ISL
Select Left Input Mux
0 - Select LIN1
1 - Select LIN2
ISR
Select Right Input Mux
0 - Select RIN1
1 - Select RIN2
†
26
LG2
27
LG1
28
LG0
0
LA3 LA2 LA1 LA0 RA3 RA2 RA1 RA0
LA4-LA0 Sets left output attenuation
†SM1, 2
*SM3,4
LA3 is the MSB.
LA4 is the MSB.
0000 = no attenuation
00000 = no attenuation
1111 = -22.5 dB
11111 = -46.5 dB
LA0 represents 1.5 dB.
RA4-RA0 Sets right output attenuation
*SM3,4
†SM1, 2
RA4 is the MSB.
RA3 is the MSB.
00000 = no attenuation
0000 = no attenuation
11111 = -46.5 dB
1111 = -22.5 dB
RA0 represents 1.5 dB.
Sub-frame Bits 25 to 32
25
LG3
0
29
30
31
32
RG3 RG2 RG1 RG0
Sub-frame Bits 61 to 64
LG3-LG0 Sets left input gain.
LG3 is the MSB. LG0 represents 1.5 dB.
0000 = no gain.
1111 = +22.5 dB gain
61
62
63
64
DO1 DO2 DO3 DO4
DO1-DO4
RG3-RG0 Sets right input gain.
RG3 is the MSB. RGO represents 1.5 dB.
0000 = no gain
Set the logic level on the 4 digital output
pins. In SM3 DO3 and DO4 are not
available. In SM4 DO2, DO3, & DO4
are not available.
Sub-frame
Sub-frame
DAC - Right Word
0 0
64
60
61
3 Left 0 3 Right 0
D/A Att.
0 0 0 0 D/A Att.
DO1
DO2
DO3
DO4
55
56
57
51
52
53
LSB
48
DAC - Right Word
LSB
32
33
28
29
21
22
23
24
25
In 3 Left 0 3 Right 0
M Sel. A/D Gain A/D Gain
MSB
0 0 0 0
Word B
EXP
16
17
DAC - Left Word
LSB
MSB
01
Word A
4 Left
0 4 Right 0
D/A Att.
D/A Att.
DO1
DO2
In 3 Left 0 3 Right 0
M Sel. A/D Gain A/D Gain
MSB
0 0 0 0
EXP
DAC - Left Word
LSB
MSB
SM1 and SM2
X X
SM3
Figure 5. Serial Data Input Format - SM1, SM2, and SM3.
12
DS83F2
CS4216
Sub-frame Bits 25 to 32
OUTPUT DATA BIT DEFINITIONS
Sub-frame Bits 1 to 16
25
ER3
Left ADC Audio Data, MSB first, 2’s complement coded.
ADV
18
19
RESERVED
20
21
0
22
ADV
23
LCL
27
ER1
28
ER0
29
Ver3
30
Ver2
31
Ver1
32
Ver0
ER3-ER0 Error Word
0000 - Normal – No errors.
0001 - Input Sub-frame Bit 21 is set.
Control data will not be loaded
0010 - Sync Pulse is incorrect.
Causes the analog output to mute.
0011 - SCLK is outside the allowable
range. Analog output mutes.
Ver3-Ver0
CS4216 Version Number
0000 = "A" (see Appendix A)
0001 = "B", "C", . . . (This data sheet)
Sub-frame Bits 17 to 24
17
26
ER2
24
RCL
ADC Valid data bit.
0 - Invalid ADC data
1 - Valid ADC data
Indicates ADC has completed initialization
after power-up, low power mode,
or mute.
Sub-frame Bits 33 to 48
Right ADC Audio Data, MSB first, 2’s complement coded.
LCL
Left ADC clipping indicator
0 - Normal
1 - Clipping
RCL
Right ADC clipping indicator
0 - Normal
1 - Clipping
RESERVED bits can be 0 or 1
Sub-frame Bits 49 to 60
These bits are reserved, and can be 0 or 1.
Sub-frame Bits 61 to 64
61
DI1
DI1-DI4
62
DI2
63
DI3
64
DI4
These bits follow the state of the Digital
Input pins. In SM3 DI3 and DI4 are used
and unavailable. In SM4 DI2, DI3, & DI4
are not available as input bits.
Sub-frame
Sub-frame
64
60
61
55
56
57
D I1
D I2
D I3
D I4
ADC - Right Word
X X X X 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
X X X X 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
D I1
D I2
ADC - Right Word
LSB
48
32
33
0
0 3
Version
LSB
Error
MSB
3
28
29
21
22
23
24
25
X. X X X 0
ADV
LC L
RCL
16
17
LSB
01
M SB
ADC - Left Word
52
53
Word B
Word A
3
Error
0
0 3
Version
MSB
X X X X 0
ADV
LCL
RCL
ADC - Left Word
LSB
MSB
SM1 and SM2
X X
SM3
Figure 6. Serial Data Output Format - SM1, SM2, and SM3.
DS83F2
13
CS4216
frequency. SM2 is similar to SM1 except that
CLKIN is not used and SCLK becomes the master clock and is fixed at 256×Fs. SM3 was
designed as an easy interface to general purpose
DSPs and provides extra features such as one
more bit of attenuation, a master mode, and variable frame sizes. SM4 is similar to SM3 but
splits the audio data from the control data
thereby reducing the audio serial bus bandwidth
by half. The control data is transmitted through a
control serial port in SM4.
Table 1 lists the serial port modes available,
along with some of the differences between
modes. The first three columns in Table 1 select
the serial mode. The "SCLK Bit Center" column
indicates whether SCLK is rising or falling in
the center of a bit period. The "Sub-frame
Width" column indicates how many bits are in
an individual codec’s sub-frame. SM4 differs
from all other modes by separating the control
data from the audio data. In both SM1 and SM2,
there are 256 bits per frame which allows up to
four codecs to occupy the same bus. In SM3 and
SM4, the number of bits per frame is programmable. In SM1 and SM2, SCLK and SSYNC
must be generated externally; whereas, in SM3
and SM4 the CS4216 can optionally generate
those signals. In all modes, SCLK and SSYNC
must be synchronous to the master clock. The
last column in Table 1 lists the master frequency
used by the codec. In SM1, the master frequency, input on CLKIN, is 512 times the
highest sample frequency available. In SM2, the
master frequency is fixed at 256 times the sample frequency and, in this mode, SCLK is the
master clock. In SM3, the master frequency is
256 times the highest frequency available and is
input on CLKIN or SCLK, based on the submode used. In SM4, the master frequency is also
256 times the highest frequency available and is
input on CLKIN.
SERIAL MODE 1, SM1
Serial Mode 1 is a slave mode selected by setting SMODE3 = SMODE2 = SMODE1 = 0.
SCLK and SYNC must be synchronous the master clock. SM1 uses a two bit wide (minimum)
frame sync with an optional word sync. In this
mode, SSYNC low for one SCLK period followed by SSYNC high for a minimum of two
SCLK periods indicates the beginning of a
frame. The first bit of the frame starts with the
rising edge of SSYNC. An optional word sync,
being one SCLK period high, may be used to
indicate the start of a new 32-bit word. Figures 5
and 6 contain the serial data format for SM1. In
this serial mode, the ratio of two clocks are used
to select sample frequency. These are the master
clock CLKIN and the serial clock SCLK.
CLKIN should be set to 512×Fsmax, where
Fsmax is the maximum required sample rate.
SCLK must be externally set to a value of
CLKIN/N, such that SCLK equals 256 times the
desired sample rate. The codec uses the ratio between CLKIN and SCLK to set the internal
sample frequency and causes the CS4216 to go
into soft power down mode if the SCLK frequency drops to <CLKIN/12. Even if only 1
CS4216 is used, the timing for 4 devices must be
maintained. Table 2 shows some example sample
rates for SM1.
Sample Rate
kHz
48
32
24
19.2
16
12
9.6
8
7.2
44.1
SCLK
MHz
12.288
8.192
6.144
4.9152
4.096
3.072
2.4576
2.048
1.843
11.2896
CLKIN
MHz
24.576
24.576
24.576
24.576
24.576
24.576
24.576
24.576
22.116
22.5792
N
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
12
2
Table 2. SM1 - Example Clock Frequencies
14
DS83F2
CS4216
FRAME (n+1)
FRAME n
256 SCLK Periods
Sub-frame 1
Word A
DATA
Sub-frame 2
Word B
Word A
Sub-frame 3
Word B
Word A
Sub-frame 4
Word B
Word A
Sub-frame 1
Word B
Word A
Word B
MF7:
SFS1
Subframe
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
2
3
4
FS = Frame Sync
Low followed by
Two High Bits
SSYNC
or
MF8:
SFS2
FS
WS
WS
WS
WS
WS
WS
WS
FS
WS
SSYNC
WS =
One High
Optional
Not Needed
Figure 7. SM1, SM2 - 256 Bits per Frame.
SERIAL MODE 2, SM2
Master Clock Frequency
Serial Mode 2 is enabled by setting SMODE3 =
SMODE2 = 0, and SMODE1 = 1. SM2 is similar to SM1 except that SCLK is fixed at 256 ×
Fs and is the master clock instead of CLKIN.
The CLKIN pin is ignored in this mode and
should be tied low. In SM2, the sample frequency will scale linearly with the frequency of
SCLK. Up to four codecs may occupy the serial
bus since each codec requires only 64 bit periods
and a frame is fixed at 256 bit periods. The serial data format is the same as SM1 and is
illustrated in Figures 5 and 6.
In SM3, the master clock, CLKIN, must be
256 × Fsmax. For example, given a 48 kHz maximum sample frequency, the master clock
frequency must be 12.288 MHz. SCLK and
SSYNC must be synchronous to CLKIN.
The multifunction pins in SM2 are defined identically to SM1. See Serial Mode 1, SM1 section
for more details.
SERIAL MODE 3, SM3
Serial Mo de 3 is en ab led by setting
SMODE3 = 0, SMODE2 = 1 and SMODE1 = 0.
This mode is designed to interface easily to
DSPs and has the added versatility of a programmable number of bits per frame, a master mode,
and one extra bit of D/A attenuation. In SM3,
two of the parallel digital input bits and two of
the parallel digital output bits are available.
D/A Attenuation
SM3 has one more bit per channel allocated for
D/A attenuation which doubles the attenuation
range. Figure 5 illustrates the serial data in,
SDIN, sub-frame for all SM3 sub-modes. The
upper portion of this figure shows modes SM1
and SM2 where the D/A attenuation is located in
Word B, bits 53 through 60. Four bits allow attenuation on each channel from 0 dB down to
-22.5 dB using 1.5 dB steps. In SM3 the attenuation bits are still located in Word B, but start at
bit 51 of the sub-frame. This allows five bits of
attenuation per channel instead of four, producing an attenuation range for each channel from
0 dB down to -46.5 dB.
In SM3 MF5:DO2 is a general purpose output
and MF6:DI2 is a general purpose input. The
other six multifunction pins are used to select
sub-modes under SM3.
SM3 is divided into two sub-modes, Master and
Slave. In Master sub-mode, the CS4216 generates SSYNC and SCLK, while in Slave
sub-mode SSYNC and SCLK must be generated
DS83F2
15
CS4216
externally. In Master sub-mode, the serial port
signal transitions are controlled with respect to
the internal analog sampling clock to minimize
the amount of digital noise coupled into the analog section. Since SSYNC and SCLK are
externally derived in Slave sub-mode, optimum
noise management cannot be obtained; therefore,
Master sub-modes should be used whenever possible.
Master Sub-Mode (SM3)
Master su b-mod e is selected by setting
MF4:MA = 1, which configures SSYNC and
SCLK as outputs from the CS4216. During
power down, SSYNC and SCLK are driven high
impedance, and during reset they both are driven
low. In Master sub-mode the number of bits per
frame determines how many codecs can occupy
the serial bus and is illustrated in Figure 8.
Bits Per Frame (Master Sub-Mode)
MF8:SFS2 selects the number of bits per frame.
The two options are MF8:SFS2 = 1 which selects 128 bits per frame, and MF8:SFS2 = 0
which selects 64 bits per frame.
ure 8. This format is used for all other Master
and Slave sub-modes in SM3. If MF7:SFS1 = 1,
an alternate SSYNC format is chosen in which
SSYNC is high during the entire Word A
(32 bits), which includes the left sample, and
low for the entire Word B (32 bits), which includes the right sample. This alternate format for
SSYNC is illustrated in the bottom portion of
Figure 8 and is only available in Master submode with 64 bits per frame. A more detailed
timing diagram for the 64 bits-per-frame Master
sub-mode is shown in Figure 9.
Sample Frequency Selection (Master Sub-Mode)
In SM3, Master sub-mode, the multifunction
pins MF1:F1, MF2:F2, and MF3:F3 are used to
select the sample frequency divider. Table 3 lists
the decoding for the sample frequency select
pins where the sample frequency selected is
CLKIN/N. Also shown are the sample frequencies obtained by using one of two example
master clocks: either 12.288 MHz or
11.2896 MHz. The codec must be reset when
changing sample frequencies to allow the codec
to calibrate to the new sample frequency.
Slave Sub-Mode (SM3)
Selecting 128 bits per frame (MF8:SFS2 = 1) allows two CS4216s to operate from the same
serial bus since each codec requires 64 bit periods. The sub-frame used by an individual codec
is selected using MF7:SFS1. MF7:SFS1 = 0 selects sub-frame 1 which is the first 64 bits
following the SSYNC pulse. MF7:SFS1 = 1 selects sub-frame 2 which is the last 64 bits of the
frame.
Selecting 64 bits per frame (MF8:SFS2 = 0) allows only one CS4216 to occupy the serial port.
Since there is only one sub-frame (which is
equal to one frame), MF7:SFS1 is defined differently in this mode. MF7:SFS1 selects the format
of SSYNC. MF7:SFS1 = 0 selects an SSYNC
pulse one SCLK period high, directly preceding
the data as shown in the center portion of Fig16
In SM3, Slave sub-mode is selected by setting
MF4:MA = 0 which configures SSYNC and
SCLK as inputs to the CS4216. These two signals must be externally derived from CLKIN. In
Slave sub-mode, the phase relationship between
SCLK/SSYNC and CLKIN cannot be controlled
since SCLK and SSYNC are externally derived.
Therefore, the noise performance may be slightly
worse than when using the master sub-mode.
The number of sub-frames on the serial port is
selected using MF1:F1 and MF2:F2. In Slave
sub-mode MF3:F3 works as a general purpose
input. Figures 10 through 12 illustrate the Slave
sub-mode formats.
DS83F2
CS4216
FRAME n
128 SCLK Periods
Sub-frame 1
DATA
Word A
Word B
FRAME (n+2)
Sub-frame 2
Word A
Sub-frame 1
Word B
Word A
Word B
FRAME (n+3)
Sub-frame 1
Sub-frame 2
Word A
Word B
Word A
Word B
MF8: MF7: SubSFS2 SFS1 frame
1
1
0
1
1
2
SSYNC
FRAME n
64 SCLK Periods
Sub-frame 1
DATA
Word A
Word B
FRAME (n+2)
FRAME (n+1)
Sub-frame 1
Word A
FRAME (n+3)
Sub-frame 1
Word B
Word A
Word B
FRAME (n+4)
Sub-frame 1
Word A
Word B
Sub-frame 1
Word A
Word B
MF8: MF7: SubSFS2 SFS1 frame
0
0
1
SSYNC
FRAME n
64 SCLK Periods
Sub-frame 1
DATA
Word A
Word B
FRAME (n+1)
FRAME (n+2)
Sub-frame 1
Word A
FRAME (n+3)
Sub-frame 1
Word B
Word A
Word B
Sub-frame 1
Word A
Word B
FRAME (n+4)
Sub-frame 1
Word A
Word B
MF8: MF7: SubSFS2 SFS1 frame
0
1
1
SSYNC
Figure 8. SM3, Master Sub-Mode.
SCLK
SDIN
SDOUT
MSB
LSB
MSB
LSB
Word A
Word B
32 CLOCKS
32 CLOCKS
SSYNC
(MF7:SFS1=0)
SSYNC
(MF7:SFS1=1)
Figure 9. Detailed Master Sub-Mode, 64 BPF.
DS83F2
17
CS4216
Bits per Frame (Slave Sub-Mode)
In Slave sub-mode, MF1:F1 and MF2:F2 select
the number of bits per frame which determines
how many CS4216’s can occupy one serial port.
Table 4 lists the decoding for MF1:F1 and
MF2:F2.
When set for 64 SCLKs per frame, one device
occupies the entire frame; therefore, a sub-frame
is equivalent to a frame. MF7:SFS1 and
MF8:SFS2 must be set to zero. See Figure 10.
When set for 128 SCLKs per frame, two devices
can occupy the serial port, with MF7:SFS1 selecting the particular sub-frame. MF8:SFS2 must
be set to zero. See Figure 11.
When set for 256 SCLKs per frame (MF1:F1,
MF2:F2 = 10), four devices can occupy the serial port. In this format both MF8:SFS2 and
MF7:SFS1 are used to select the particular subframe. See Figure 12.
In all three of the above Slave sub-mode formats, the frequency of the incoming SCLK
signal, in relation to the master clock provided
on the CLKIN pin, determines the sample frequency. The CS4216 determines the ratio of
SCLK to CLKIN and sets the internal operating
frequency accordingly. Table 5 lists the SCLK to
CLKIN frequency ratio used to determine the
codec’s sample frequency. To obtain a given
sample frequency, SCLK must equal CLKIN divided by the number in the table, based on the
number of bits per frame. As an example, assuming 64 BPF (bits per frame) and
CLKIN = 12.288 MHz, if a sample frequency of
24 kHz is desired, SCLK must equal CLKIN divided by 8 or 1.536 MHz.
When MF1:F1 = MF2:F2 = 1, SCLK is used as
the master clock and is assumed to be 256 times
the sample frequency. In this mode, CLKIN is
ignored and the sample frequency is linearly
scaled with SCLK. (The CLKIN pin must be
tied low.) This mode also fixes SCLK at 256 bits
per frame with MF7:SFS1 and MF8:SFS2 selecting the particular sub-frame.
†
MF1:
F1
MF2:
F2
Bits per
Frame
Sample Frequency/
SCLK
0
0
1
0
1
0
64
128
256
ratio to CLKIN sensed
ratio to CLKIN sensed
ratio to CLKIN sensed
1
1
256
fixed†. = 256×Fs
SCLK is master clock. CLKIN is not used.
Table 4. SM3-Slave, Bits per Frame.
MF1:
F1
MF2:
F2
MF3:
F3
N
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
256
384
512
640
768
1024
1280
1536
Fs (kHz)
with CLKIN
12.288
11.2896
MHz
MHz
48.00
32.00
24.00
19.20
16.00
12.00
9.60
8.00
Table 3. SM3-Master, Fs Select
18
44.10
29.40
22.05
17.64
14.70
11.025
8.82
7.35
SCLK to CLKIN Ratio
Fs (kHz)
Fs (kHz)
BPF
BPF
BPF with CLKIN with CLKIN
256
128
64
12.288 MHz 11.2896 MHz
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
4
5
6
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
4
6
8
10
12
16
20
24
48.00
32.00
24.00
19.20
16.00
12.00
9.60
8.00
44.10
29.40
22.05
17.64
14.70
11.025
8.82
7.35
Table 5. SM3-Slave, Fs Select.
DS83F2
CS4216
SERIAL MODE 4, SM4
each D/A output channel. SM4 differs from SM3
in that SM4 splits the audio data from the control data with the control data input on an
independent serial port. This reduces the audio
serial bus bandwidth in half, providing an easier
interface to low-cost DSPs. The audio serial port
sub-frame is illustrated in Figure 13 for SM4.
Serial mod e 4 is enabled by setting
SMODE3 = 1. Both Master and Slave submodes are available and are selected by setting
the SMODE2 and SMODE1 pins as shown in
Table 6. In Master sub-mode, the phase relationship between SCLK/SSYNC and CLKIN is
controlled to minimize digital noise coupling
into the analog section. Therefore, Master submo de may yield slightly better noise
performance than Slave sub-mode. In Slave submode, SCLK and SSYNC must be synchronous
to the master clock.
Interrupt Pin - MF5:INT
Serial Mode 4 also defines the multifunction pin
MF5:INT as an open-collector interrupt pin. In
SM4, this pin requires a pullup resistor and will
go low when the ADV bit or DI1 pin change, or
a rising edge on the LCL or RCL bits, or by
exiting an SCLK out of range condition (Error = 3). The interrupt may be masked by setting
the MSK bit in the control serial data port.
In serial mode 4, SM4, the CLKIN frequency
must be 256 times the highest sample frequency
needed. Also, SM4 has five attenuation bits for
FRAME n
64 SCLK Periods
Sub-frame 1
DATA
Word A
FRAME (n+1)
Sub-frame 1
Word B
Word A
Word B
FRAME (n+2)
FRAME (n+3)
Sub-frame 1
Sub-frame 1
Word A
Word B
Word A
MF8:
SFS2
Word B
0
MF7: SubSFS1 frame
0
1
SSYNC
Figure 10. SM3-Slave - 64 BPF; MF1:F1, MF2:F2 = 00
FRAME n
128 SCLK Periods
Sub-frame 1
DATA
Word A
FRAME (n+1)
Sub-frame 2
Word B
Word A
Sub-frame 1
Word B
Word A
Word B
FRAME (n+2)
Sub-frame 2
Word A
Sub-frame 1
Word B
Word A
Word B
MF8:
SFS2
0
0
MF7: SubSFS1 frame
0
1
1
2
SSYNC
Figure 11. SM3-Slave - 128 BPF; MF1:F1, MF2:F2 = 01
FR A M E n
25 6 S C LK P erio ds
S u b-fra m e 1
DATA
W ord A
W ord B
S u b-fram e 2
W o rd A
W ord B
FR AM E (n+1)
M F8: M F 7: S u bS FS 2 S FS 1 fram e
S u b-fram e 3
W ord A
W ord B
S u b-fra m e 4
W ord A
W ord B
S ub-fra m e 1
W o rd A
W ord B
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
2
3
4
SSYNC
Figure 12. SM3-Slave - 256 BPF; MF1:F1, MF2:F2 = 10
DS83F2
19
CS4216
MF5:INT is reset by reading the control serial
port.
channel. The Applications of SM4 section contains more information on low-cost
implementations of this sub-mode.
Master Sub-Mode (SM4)
SMODE1 = 1 selects Master sub-mode with a
frame width of 64 bits. This sub-mode allows up
to two codecs to occupy the same bus. SMODE2
is now used to select the particular time slot. If
SMODE2 = 0 the codec selects time slot 1,
which is the first 32 bits. If SMODE2 = 1 the
codec selects time slot 2, which is the second
32 bits.
Master sub-mode configures SSYNC and SCLK
as outputs from the CS4216. During power
down, SSYNC and SCLK are driven high impedance, and during reset they both are driven
low. There are two SM4 Master sub-modes. One
allows 32 bits per frame and the other allows 64
bits per frame. As shown in Table 6, the
SMODE1 and SMODE2 pins select the particular Master sub-mode (as well as the Slave
sub-mode). When SMODE1 is set to zero,
SMODE2 selects either Master sub-mode with
32-bit frames, or Slave sub-mode.
In Master sub-mode, multifunction pins MF6:F1,
MF7:F2, and MF8:F3 select the sample frequency as shown in Table 7. This table indicates
how to obtain standard audio sample frequencies
given one of two CLKIN frequencies:
12.288 MHz or 11.2896 MHz. Other CLKIN
frequencies may be used with the corresponding
sample frequencies being CLKIN/N. The codec
must be reset when changing sample frequencies
to allow a new calibration to occur.
SMODE1,SMODE2 = 00 selects Master submode where a frame = sub-frame = 32 bits. This
sub-mode allows only one codec on the audio
serial bus, with the first 16 bits being the left
channel and the second 16 bits being the right
Slave Sub-Mode (SM4)
SMODE1
SMODE2
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
SM4, Sub-Mode
In SM4, Slave sub-mode is selected by setting
SMODE1,SMODE2 = 01. This mode configures
SSYNC and SCLK as inputs to the CS4216.
These two signals must be externally derived
from CLKIN. Since the CS4216 has no control
over the phase relationship of SSYNC and
Master, 32 BPF
Slave, 128/64/32 BPF
Master, 64 BPF, TS1
Master, 64 BPF, TS2
Table 6. SM4 Sub-Modes.
Sub-Fram e
(m aster)
SSYNC
(slave)
14
M SB
32
1
LSB
DAC - Right W ord
LSB
DAC - Left W ord
ADC - Left W ord
MSB
M SB
24
25
LSB
ADC - Right W ord
M SB
16
17
ADC - Left W ord
LSB
DAC - Right W ord
8
9
32
1
LSB
SDIN
M SB
ADC - Right W ord
M SB
SDOUT
LSB
23
SCLK
DAC - Left W ord
Figure 13. SM4-Audio Serial Port, 32 BPF
20
DS83F2
CS4216
SCLK to CLKIN, the noise performance in
Slave sub-mode may be slightly worse than
when using Master sub-mode. The CS4216 internally sets the sample frequency by sensing the
ratio of SCLK to CLKIN; therefore, for a given
CLKIN frequency, the sample frequency is selected by changing the SCLK frequency.
SM4-Slave allows up to four codecs to occupy
the same audio serial port. Table 8 lists the pin
configurations required to set the serial audio
port up for 32, 64, or 128 bits-per-frame (BPF).
Since each codec requires one sub-frame of
32 bits, 64 bits-per-frame allows up to two
codecs to occupy the same audio serial port, and
128 bits-per-frame allows up to four codecs to
occupy the same audio serial port. When set up
for more than one codec on the bus, other pins
are needed to select the particular time slot (TS)
associated with each codec. MF8:SFS2 selects
the time slot when in 64 BPF mode, and
MF8:SFS2 and MF7:SFS1 select one of four
time slots when in 128 bits-per-frame mode. Table 8 lists the decoding for time slot selection.
In SM4-Slave, the frequency of the incoming
SCLK signal, in relation to CLKIN, determines
the sample frequency on the CS4216. The
CS4216 determines the ratio of SCLK to CLKIN
and sets the internal sample frequency accord-
MF6:
F1
MF7:
F2
MF8:
F3
N
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
256
384
512
640
768
1024
1280
1536
Fs (kHz)
with CLKIN
12.288
11.2896
MHz
MHz
48.00
32.00
24.00
19.20
16.00
12.00
9.60
8.00
Table 7. SM4-Master, Fs Select
DS83F2
44.10
29.40
22.05
17.64
14.70
11.025
8.82
7.35
ingly. Table 9 lists the SCLK to CLKIN frequency ratio used to determine the codec’s
sample frequency. SCLK must equal CLKIN divided by the number in the table, based on the
selected bits per frame. As an example, assuming
32 BPF and CLKIN = 11.2896 MHz, if a sample
frequency of 11.025 kHz is desired, SCLK must
equal CLKIN divided by 32 or 352.8 kHz.
Serial Control Port (SM4)
Serial Mode 4 separates the audio data from the
control data. Since control data such as gain and
attenuation do not change often, this mode reduces the bandwidth needed to support the audio
serial port.
The control information is entered through a
separate port that can be asynchronous to the
audio port and only needs to be updated when
changes in the control data are needed. After a
reset or power down, the control port must be
written once to initialize it if the port will be accessed to read or write control bits. This initial
write is considered a "dummy" write since the
data is ignored by the codec. A second write is
needed to configure the codec as desired. Then,
the control port only needs to be written to when
a change is desired, or to obtain the status information. The control port does not function if the
master clock is not operating. When the control
MF6:
F1
MF7:
SFS1
MF8:
SFS2
Bits Per
Frame
(BPF)
Time
Slot
(TS)
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
32
1
Reserved
64
64
128
128
128
128
1
2
1
2
3
4
Table 8. SM4-Slave, Audio Port BPF & TS Select
21
CS4216
port is used asynchronously to the audio port,
the noise performance may be slightly degraded
due to this asynchronous digital noise.
status information that is output on the rising
edge of MF3:CCLK. Status information is repeated at the end of the frame, bits 25
through 30, to allow a simple 8-bit shift and
latch register to store the most important status
information using the rising edge of MF4:CCS at
the latch control (see Figure 17).
Since control data does not need to be accessed
each audio frame, an interrupt pin, MF5:INT, is
included in this mode and will go low when
status has changed. The control port serial data
format is illustrated in Figure 14. The control
port uses one of the multifunction pins as a chip
select line, MF4:CCS, that must be low for entering control data. Although only 23 bits
contain useful data on MF2:CDIN, a minimum
of 31 bits must be written. If more than 31 bits
are written without toggling MF4:CCS, only the
first 31 are recognized. MF1:CDOUT contains
Applications of SM4
Figure 15 illustrates one method of using serial
mode 4 wherein a DSP controls the audio serial
port and a microcontroller controls the control
port. Each controller is run independently and
the micro updates the control information only
when needed, or when an interrupt from the
CS4216 occurs.
SCLK to CLKIN Ratio
Fs (kHz)
Fs (kHz)
BPF
BPF
BPF with CLKIN with CLKIN
128
64
32
12.288 MHz 11.2896 MHz
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
4
6
8
10
12
16
20
24
8
12
16
20
24
32
40
48
48.00
32.00
24.00
19.20
16.00
12.00
9.60
8.00
Figure 16 illustrates the minimum interface to
the CS4216. In this application, the DSP sends
and receives stereo DAC and ADC information.
The CS4216 is configured for 32 bits per frame,
Master sub-mode. The control data resets to all
zeros, which configures the CS4216 as a simple
stereo codec: no gain, no attenuation, line inputs
#1, and not muted.
44.10
29.40
22.05
17.64
14.70
11.025
8.82
7.35
Figure 17 illustrates how to use all the CS4216
features with a low cost DSP that cannot support
the interrupt rate of SM3. Using SM4 (32 bits
Table 9. SM4-Slave, Fs Select.
MF4:CCS
Left
D/A Att.
0 4
Right
D/A Att.
0
M
0
In
Sel.
32
24
25
16
17
8
9
4
3 Left 0 3 Right 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
A/D Gain
A/D Gain
1 0 3
0
1 0
Err Version
0 0 0 1 Err
LC L
RCL
D I1
ADV
MF1:CDOUT
0
ADV
LC L
RCL
D I1
MF2:CDIN
MSK
DO1
1
MF3:CCLK
Figure 14. SM4 - Control Serial Port
22
DS83F2
CS4216
per frame, Master sub-mode) reduces the DSP
interrupts in half since the control data is split
from the audio data. This circuit is comprised of
three independent sections which may individually be eliminated if not needed.
To load control data into the codec, three
HC597’s are utilized. These are both latches that
store the DSP-sent control data, and shift registers that shift the data into the codec. The codec
uses an inverted SSYNC signal to copy the
latches to the shift registers every frame. In this
diagram the DSP is assumed to have a data bus
bandwidth of at least 24 bits. If the DSP has less
than 24_bits, the three HC597s must be split into
two addresses. Since the HC597 internal latches
are copied to the shift registers, the latches continually hold the DSP-sent data; therefore, the
SDOUT
SDIN
SSYNC
SCLK
DSP only needs to write data to the latches when
a change is desired.
The second section is comprised of an HC595
shift register and latch that is clocked by an inverted SCLK The data shifted into the HC595 is
transferred to the HC595’s latch by the SSYNC
signal. This HC595 captures the 8 bits prior to
the SSYNC signal (which is also MF4:CCS) going high. As shown in Figure 14, and assuming
the MF4:CCS (SSYNC) signal rises at bit 32,
the 8-bits prior to MF4:CCS rising are a copy of
all the important status bits. This allows one shift
register to capture all the important information.
The interrupt pin cannot reliably be used in this
configuration since the interrupt pin is cleared by
reading the control port which occurs asynchro-
43
SDOUT
42
SDIN
1
DSP
44
SSYNC
SCLK
SM4
VD+
MicroController
MF2:CDIN
MF4:CCS
MF3:CCLK
MF5:INT
RESET
MF6:F1
MF7:F2
MF8:F3
MF5:INT
39
36
Serial
Port
IRQ
2
34
31
30
MF1:CDOUT
MF2:CDIN
35
38
MF3:CCLK
MF4:CCS
40
General
Purpose
Port
Pins
Figure 15. SM4 - Microcontroller Interface
DS83F2
42
RESET
MF6:F1
MF7:F2
MF8:F3
DSP
1
44
CS4216
SM4
32 BPF
CS4216
MF1:CDOUT
43
35
VD+
36
38
40
39
2
34
Hard Wired or
31
DIP Switch
30
selectable
Figure 16. SM4 - Minimum DSP Interface
23
CS4216
SDOUT
SDIN
43
42
1
SSYNC
DSP
44
SCLK
VD+
MF3:CCLK
MF4:CCS
MF5:INT
MF2:CDIN
35
36
38
39
HC597
HC597
HC597
DIN
DOUT
LOAD
CS4216
SM4
A
SCLK
32 BPF
LCLK
MF1:CDOUT
40
AIN
HC595
0
CS_CONTROL
B
ADV
C
D
DI1
RCL
E
LCL
F
ERR0
G
ERR1
H
24+ bit DSP Data Bus
0
OE
CS_STATUS
RESET
MF6:F1
MF7:F2
MF8:F3
2
CS_FS
34
31
30
HC574
Figure 17. SM4 - Enhanced DSP Interface
24
DS83F2
CS4216
nously (every audio frame) with respect to the
interrupt occurrence.
(analog ground) and the board digital ground
should be positioned as shown in Figure 18.
The third section is only needed if sample frequencies need to be changed. This section is
comprised of an HC574 octal latch that can be
replaced by general purpose port pins if available. This section controls the sample frequency
selection bits: MF6:F1, MF7:F2, MF8:F3 and
the RESET pin. The codec must be reset when
changing sample frequencies.
Figure 19 illustrates the optimum ground and decoupling layout for the CS4216 assuming a
surface-mount socket and leaded decoupling capacitors. Surface-mount sockets are useful since
the pad locations are identical to the chip pads;
therefore, assuming space for the socket is left
on the board, the socket can be optional for production. Figure 19 depicts the top layer,
containing signal traces, and assumes the bottom
or inter-layer contains a fairly solid ground
plane. The important points are that there is solid
ground plane under the codec on the same layer
as the codec and it connects all ground pins with
thick traces providing the absolute lowest impedance between ground pins. The decoupling
capacitors are placed as close as possible to the
device which, in this case, is the socket boundary. The lowest value capacitor is placed closest
to the codec. Vias are placed near the AGND and
DGND pins, under the IC, and should attach to
the solid ground plane on another layer. The
negative side of the decoupling capacitors should
also attach to the same solid ground plane.
Traces and vias bringing power to the codec
should be large, which minimizes the impedance.
Power Supply and Grounding
The CS4216, along with associated analog circuitry, should be positioned in an isolated section
of the circuit board, and have its own, separate,
ground plane. On the CS4216, the analog and
digital grounds are internally connected; therefore, the AGND and DGND pins must be
externally connected with no impedance between
them. The best solution is to place the entire
chip on a solid ground plane as shown in Figure 18. Preferably, it should also have its own
power plane. The +5V supply must be connected
to the CS4216 via a ferrite bead, positioned
closer than 1" to the device. The VA supply can
be derived from VD, as shown in Figure 1. Alternatively, a separate +5V analog supply may be
used for VA, in which case, the 2.0 Ω resistor
between VA and VD should be removed. A single connection between the CS4216 ground
DS83F2
Although not shown in the figures, the trace layers (top layer in the figures) should have ground
plane fill in-between the traces to minimize coupling into the analog section. See the CDB4216
evaluation board as an example.
If using all surface-mount components, the decoupling capacitors should be placed on the
same layer as the codec and in the positions
shown in Figure 20. The vias shown are assumed
to attach to the appropriate power and ground
layers. Traces and vias bringing power to the
codec should be as large as possible to minimize
the impedance.
If using a through-hole socket, effort should be
made to find a socket with minimum height,
25
CS4216
which will minimize the socket impedance.
When using a through hole socket, the vias under the codec in Figure 19 are not needed since
the pins serve the same function.
ADC and DAC Filter Response Plots
Figures 21 - 26 shows the overall frequency response, passband ripple and transition band for
the CS4216 ADCs and DACs. Figure 27 shows
the DACs’ deviation from linear phase.
Fs is defined as the selected sample frequency
and is also the SSYNC frequency. Since the
sample frequency is programmable, the filters
will adjust to the selected sample frequency.
>1/8"
Digital
Ground
Plane
Analog
Ground
Plane
Ground
Connection
Note that the CS4216
is oriented with its
digital pins towards the
digital end of the board.
CS4216
+5V
Ferrite
Bead
CPU & Digital
Logic
Codec
digital
signals
Codec
analog
signals &
Components
Figure 18. CS4216 Board Layout Guideline
26
DS83F2
1.0 uF
0.1 uF
CS4216
+
Analog
Supply
0.1 uF
0.1 uF
+
10 uF
+
Digital
Supply
1.0 uF
1
0.1 uF
Figure 19. CS4216 Decoupling Layout Guideline
+
1.0 uF
1
+
1.0 uF
0.1 uF
0.1 uF
Digital
Supply
Analog
Supply
+
10 uF
Figure 20. CS4216 Surface Mount Decoupling Layout
DS83F2
27
CS4216
10
0.6
0
0.4
Magnitude (dB)
Magnitude (dB)
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
0.2
-0.0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-70
-80
-0.8
-90
-1.0
-100
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
Input Frequency (Fs)
0.8
0.9
-1.2
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50
Input Frequency (Fs)
1.0
Figure 22. CS4216ADC Passband Ripple
0
10
-10
0
-20
-10
-30
-20
Magnitude (dB)
Magnitude (dB)
Figure 21. CS4216 ADC Frequency Response
-40
-50
-60
-70
-50
-60
-80
-90
-90
-100
0.40 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.60
Input Frequency (Fs)
-100
0.0
Figure 23. CS4216 ADC Transition Band
0.2
0
0.1
-10
-0.0
-20
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
Input Frequency (Fs)
0.8
0.9
1.0
Figure 24. CS4216 DAC Frequency Response
Magnitude (dB)
Magnitude (dB)
-40
-70
-80
-30
-40
-50
-60
-0.5
-70
-0.6
-80
-90
-0.7
-0.8
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50
Input Frequency (Fs)
Figure 25. CS4216 DAC Passband Ripple
28
-30
-100
0.40 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.60
Input Frequency (Fs)
Figure 26. CS4216 DAC Transition Band
DS83F2
CS4216
2.5
2.0
Phase (degrees)
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
-2.5
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50
Input Frequency (Fs)
Figure 27. CS4216 DAC Deviation from Linear Phase
DS83F2
29
CS4216
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
SSYNC
RESET
CLKIN
VD
DGND
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
PDN
NC
ROUT
LOUT
NC
NC
NC
REFBUF
REFBYP
REFGND
30
44
42
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
40
38
36
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
CS4216
44-PIN
TQFP
(Q)
Top View
12
14
16
18
20
22
SCLK
SDOUT
SDIN
SMODE3
MF1:DO4/F1/CDOUT
MF2:DO3/F2/CDIN
MF5:DO2/INT
DO1
MF4:DI4/MA/CCS
MF3:DI3/F3/CCLK
MF6:DI2/F1
DI1
SMODE2
MF7:SFS1/F2
MF8:SFS2/F3
SMODE1
LIN2
LIN1
RIN2
RIN1
VA
AGND
SM
1
MF1
DO4
MF2
DO3
MF3
DI3
MF4
DI4
MF5
DO2
MF6
DI2
MF7
SFS1
MF8
SFS2
2
DO4
DO3
DI3
DI4
DO2
DI2
SFS1
SFS2
3
F1
F2
F3
MA
DO2
DI2
SFS1
SFS2
4-SL
CDOUT
CDIN
CCLK
CCS
INT
F1
SFS1
SFS2
4-MA
CDOUT
CDIN
CCLK
CCS
INT
F1
F2
F3
DS83F2
CS4216
SSYNC
RESET
CLKIN
VD
DGND
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
PDN
NC
ROUT
LOUT
NC
NC
NC
REFBUF
REFBYP
REFGND
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
6
4
2 1 44
42
40
26
28
CS4216
44-PIN
PLCC
(L)
Top View
18
20
22
24
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
SCLK
SDOUT
SDIN
SMODE3
MF1:DO4/F1/CDOUT
MF2:DO3/F2/CDIN
MF5:DO2/INT
DO1
MF4:DI4/MA/CCS
MF3:DI3/F3/CCLK
MF6:DI2/F1
DI1
SMODE2
MF7:SFS1/F2
MF8:SFS2/F3
SMODE1
LIN2
LIN1
RIN2
RIN1
VA
AGND
SM
1
MF1
DO4
MF2
DO3
MF3
DI3
MF4
DI4
MF5
DO2
MF6
DI2
MF7
SFS1
MF8
SFS2
2
DO4
DO3
DI3
DI4
DO2
DI2
SFS1
SFS2
3
F1
F2
F3
MA
DO2
DI2
SFS1
SFS2
4-SL
CDOUT
CDIN
CCLK
CCS
INT
F1
SFS1
SFS2
4-MA
CDOUT
CDIN
CCLK
CCS
INT
F1
F2
F3
Power Supply
VD - Digital +5V Supply, PIN 4(L), 42(Q).
+5V digital supply.
VA - Analog +5V Supply, PIN 24(L), 18(Q).
+5V analog supply.
DGND - Digital Ground, PIN 5(L), 43(Q).
Digital ground. Must be connected to AGND with zero impedance.
DS83F2
31
CS4216
AGND - Analog Ground, PIN 23(L), 17(Q).
Analog ground. Must be connected to DGND with zero impedance.
Analog Inputs
RIN1 - Right Input #1, PIN 25(L), 19(Q).
Right analog input #1. Full scale input, with no gain, is 1 Vrms, centered at REFBUF.
RIN2 - Right Input #2, PIN 26(L), 20(Q).
Right analog input #2. Full scale input, with no gain, is 1 Vrms, centered at REFBUF.
LIN1 - Left Input #1, PIN 27(L), 21(Q).
Left analog input #1. Full scale input, with no gain, is 1 Vrms, centered at REFBUF.
LIN2 - Left Input #2, PIN 28(L), 22(Q).
Left analog input #2. Full scale input, with no gain, is 1 Vrms, centered at REFBUF.
Analog Outputs
ROUT - Right Channel Output, PIN 15(L), 9(Q).
Right channel analog output. Maximum signal is 1 Vrms centered at REFBUF.
LOUT - Left Channel Output, PIN 16(L), 10(Q).
Left channel analog output. Maximum signal is 1 Vrms centered at REFBUF.
REFBYP - Analog Reference Decoupling, PIN 21(L), 15(Q).
A 10 µF and 0.1 µF capacitor must be attached between REFBYP and REFGND.
REFGND - Analog Reference Ground Connection, PIN 22(L), 16(Q).
Connect to AGND.
REFBUF - Buffered Reference Out, PIN 20(L), 14(Q).
A nominal +2.2 V output for setting the bias level for external analog circuits.
Serial Digital Audio Interface Signals
SDIN - Serial Port Data In, PIN 42(L), 36(Q).
Digital audio data to the DACs and level control information is received by the CS4216 via
SDIN.
SDOUT - Serial Port Data Out, PIN 43(L), 37(Q).
Digital audio data from the ADCs and status information is output from the CS4216 via
SDOUT.
SCLK - Serial Port Bit Clock, PIN 44(L), 38(Q).
SCLK controls the digital audio data on SDOUT and latches the data on SDIN.
32
DS83F2
CS4216
SSYNC - Serial Port Sync Signal, PIN 1(L), 39(Q).
Indicates the start of a digital audio frame in SM3 and SM4, and also the start of a word in
SM1 & SM2.
SMODE1 - Serial Mode Select, PIN 29(L), 23(Q).
One of three pins that select the serial mode and function of the multifunction pins.
SMODE2 - Serial Mode Select, PIN 32(L), 26(Q).
One of three pins that select the serial mode and function of the multifunction pins.
SMODE3 - Serial Mode Select, PIN 41(L), 35(Q).
One of three pins that select the serial mode and function of the multifunction pins. This pin
has an internal pull-down making this revision backwards compatible with a previous version
(Revision A or Version3-Version0 bits = 0000).
Multifunction Digital Pins
MF1:DO4 - Parallel Digital Bit Output #4 in SM1/SM2, PIN 40(L), 34(Q).
In serial modes 1 and 2 this pin reflects the value of the DO4 bit in the sub-frame.
MF1:F1 - Format bit 1 in SM3, PIN 40(L), 34(Q).
In serial mode 3 this pin is a format bit and is used as one of three sample frequency select pins
when in master mode, or as one of two bits-per-frame select pins when in slave mode.
MF1:CDOUT - Control Data Output in SM4, PIN 40(L), 34(Q).
In serial mode 4 this pin is the data output for the control port which contains status
information.
MF2:DO3 - Parallel Digital Bit Output #3 in SM1/SM2, PIN 39(L), 33(Q).
In serial modes 1 and 2 this pin reflects the value of the DO3 bit in the sub-frame.
MF2:F2 - Format bit 2 in SM3, PIN 39(L), 33(Q).
In serial mode 3 this pin is a format bit and is used as one of three sample frequency select pins
when in master mode, or as one of two bits-per-frame select pins when in slave mode.
MF2:CDIN - Control Data Input in SM4, PIN 39(L), 33(Q).
In serial mode 4 this pin is the control port data input which contains data such as gain and
attenuation settings as well as input select, mute, and digital output bits.
MF3:DI3 - Parallel Digital Bit Input #3 in SM1/SM2/SM3 (Slave), PIN 35(L), 29(Q).
In serial modes 1 and 2 this pin value is reflected in the DI3 bit in the sub-frame.
MF3:F3 - Format bit 3 in SM3 (Master), PIN 35(L), 29(Q).
In serial mode 3 this pin is a format bit and is used as one of three sample frequency select pins
when in master mode. In slave mode, the pin reverts to being a general purpose input.
MF3:CCLK - Control Data Clock in SM4, PIN 35(L), 29(Q).
In serial mode 4 this pin is the control port serial bit clock which latches data from CDIN on
the falling edge, and outputs data onto CDOUT on the rising edge.
DS83F2
33
CS4216
MF4:DI4 - Parallel Digital Bit Input #4 in SM1/SM2, PIN 36(L), 30(Q).
In serial modes 1 and 2 this pin value is reflected in the DI4 bit in the sub-frame.
MF4:MA - Master Sub-Mode in SM3, PIN 36(L), 30(Q).
In serial mode 3 this pin selects either master or slave mode. When MF4:MA = 1, the codec is
in master mode and outputs SSYNC and SCLK. When MF4:MA = 0, the codec is in slave
mode and receives SSYNC and SCLK from an external source that must be frequency locked to
CLKIN.
MF4:CCS - Control Data Chip Select in SM4, PIN 36(L), 30(Q).
In serial mode 4 this pin is the control port chip select signal. When low, the control port data is
clocked in CDIN and status data is output on CDOUT. When CCS goes high, control data is
latched internally. This data remains active until new data is clocked in. The control port may
also be asynchronous to the audio data port.
MF5:DO2 - Parallel Digital Bit Output #2 in SM1/SM2/SM3, PIN 38(L), 32(Q).
In serial modes 1, 2, and 3 this pin reflects the value of the DO2 bit in the sub-frame.
MF5:INT - Interrupt in SM4, PIN 38(L), 32(Q).
In serial mode 4 this pin is an active low interrupt signal that is maskable using the MSK bit in
the control port serial data stream. INT is an open-collector output and requires and external
pull-up resistor. Assuming the mask bit is not set, and interrupt is triggered by a change in ADV
or DI1, or a rising edge on LCL or RCL, or a exiting an SCLK out of range condition
(Error = 3)
MF6:DI2 - Parallel Digital Bit Input #2 in SM1/SM2/SM3, PIN 34(L), 28(Q).
In serial modes 1, 2, and 3 this pin value is reflected in the DI2 bit of the sub-frame.
MF6:F1 - Format Bit 1 in SM4, PIN 34(L), 28(Q).
In serial mode 4 this pin is a format bit and is used as one of three sample frequency select pins
when in master mode. In slave mode, MF6:F1 helps determine the number of sub-frames within
a frame.
MF7:SFS1 - Sub-Frame Select 1 in SM1/SM2/SM3/SM4-SL, PIN 31(L), 25(Q).
In serial modes 1, 2, and 3, MF7:SFS1 helps select the sub-frame that this particular CS4216 is
allocated. In slave sub-mode of serial mode 4, this pin is one of two pins used as a sub-frame
select when MF6:F1 = 1 (128-bit frames). When MF6:F1 = 0, this pin is used to select the
frame sizes of 32 or 64 bits.
MF7:F2 - Format Bit 2 in SM4-MA, PIN 31(L), 25(Q).
In master sub-mode of serial mode 4, this pin is used as one of three sample frequency select
pins.
MF8:SFS2 - Sub-Frame Select 2 in SM1/SM2/SM3/SM4-SL, PIN 30(L), 24(Q).
In serial modes 1, 2, 3, and slave sub-mode of 4, MF8:SFS2 helps select the sub-frame that this
particular CS4216 is allocated.
MF8:F3 - Format Bit 3 in SM4-MA, PIN 30(L), 24(Q).
In master sub-mode of serial mode 4, this pin is a format bit and is one of three sample
frequency select pins.
34
DS83F2
CS4216
Miscellaneous
RESET - Reset Input, PIN 2.(L), 40(Q).
Resets the CS4216 into a known state, and must be initiated after power-up or power-down
mode. Releasing RESET caused the CS4216 to initiate a calibration sequence. RESET should
also be initiated when changing sample frequencies in any master sub-mode.
CLKIN - Master Clock, PIN 3(L), 41(Q).
CLKIN is the master clock that operates the internal logic. In serial mode 1,
CLKIN = 512×hFs, where hFs is the highest sample frequency needed. Different sample
frequencies are obtained by changing the ratio of SCLK to CLKIN. In serial mode 2, CLKIN is
not used and must be tied low. In serial modes 3 and 4, CLKIN is 256×hFs, where different
sample frequencies are obtained by either changing the ratio of SCLK to CLKIN in slave mode,
or changing the format pin values (F2-F0) in master mode.
PDN - Power Down, PIN 13(L), 7(Q).
This pin, when low, causes the CS4216 to go into a power down state. RESET should be held
low for 50 ms when exiting the power down state to allow time for the voltage reference to
settle.
DI1 - Parallel Digital Bit Input #1, PIN 33(L), 27(Q).
This pin value is reflected in the DI1 bit in the sub-frame.
DO1 - Parallel Digital Bit Output #1, PIN 37(L), 31(Q).
This pin reflects the value of the DO1 bit in the sub-frame.
NC - No Connection,
PINS 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 17, 18, 19(L)
PINS 44, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13(Q).
These pins should be left floating with no trace attached to allow backwards compatibility with
future revisions. They should not be used as a convenient path for signal traces.
DS83F2
35
CS4216
PARAMETER DEFINITIONS
Resolution
The number of bits in the input words to the DACs, and in the output words from the ADCs.
Differential Nonlinearity
The worst case deviation from the ideal codewidth. Units in LSB.
Total Dynamic Range
TDR is the ratio of the rms value of a full scale signal to the lowest obtainable noise floor. It is
measured by comparing a full scale signal to the lowest noise floor possible in the codec (i.e.
attenuation bits for the DACs at full attenuation). Units in dB.
Instantaneous Dynamic Range
IDR is the ratio of a full-scale rms signal to the rms noise available at any instant in time,
without changing the input gain or output attenuation settings. It is measured using S/(N+D)
with a 1 kHz, -60 dB input signal, with 60 dB added to compensate for the small input signal.
Use of a small input signal reduces the harmonic distortion components to insignificance when
compared to the noise. Units in dB.
Total Harmonic Distortion
THD is the ratio of the rms value of a signal’s first five harmonic components to the rms value
of the signals fundamental component. THD is calculated using an input signal which is 3dB
below typical full-scale, and is referenced to typical full-scale.
Interchannel Isolation
The amount of 1 kHz signal present on the output of the grounded input channel, with 1 kHz
0 dB signal present on the other channel. Units in dB.
Interchannel Gain Mismatch
For the ADCs, the difference in input voltage that generates the full scale code for each
channel. For the DACs, the difference in output voltages for each channel with a full scale
digital input. Units in dB.
Frequency Response
Worst case variation in output signal level versus frequency over the passband. Tested over the
frequency band of 10 Hz to 20 kHz, with the sample frequency of 48 kHz. Units in dB.
Step Size
Typical delta between two adjacent gain or attenuation values. Units in dB.
Absolute Gain/Attenuation Step Error
The deviation of a gain or attenuation step from a straight line passing through the
no-gain/attenuation value and the full-gain/attenuation value (i.e. end points). Units in dB.
Offset Error
For the ADCs, the deviation of the output code from the mid-scale with the selected input at
REFBUF. For the DACs, the deviation of the output from REFBUF with mid-scale input code.
Units in LSB’s for the ADCs and volts for the DACs.
36
DS83F2
CS4216
Out of Band Energy
The ratio of the rms sum of the energy from 0.46×Fs to 2.1×Fs compared to the rms full-scale
signal value. Tested with 48 kHz Fs giving a out-of-band energy range of 22 kHz to 100 kHz.
DS83F2
37
CS4216
APPENDIX A
This data sheet describes version 1 of the CS4216. Therefore, this appendix is included to describe the
differences between version 0 and version 1. This information is only useful for users that still have
version 0 since version 1 devices will supplant the earlier version. The version number is contained in
the serial data line, bits 29 - 32 on SDOUT in SM1-SM3 and, bits 17 - 20 on CDOUT in SM4. The
version number can also be identified by the revision letter stamped on the top of the actual chip. The
revision letter immediately precedes the data code on the second line of the package marking (See
General Information section of the Crystal Data Book). Version 0 corresponds to chip revision A, and
version 1 corresponds to chip revisions B, and C. The functionally and performance of revisions B
and C are identical. Likewise, future chip revisions (i.e. D, E, F, . . .) may still be version 1 since the
version number only changes if there is a software change to the part.
Functional Differences Between Version 0 (Rev. A) and Version 1 (Revs. B, C)
1. In version 0, serial mode 4 (SM4) does not exist; the SMODE3 pin is a no connect. In version 1 the
SMODE3 pin contains an internal pull-down resistor making this version backwards compatible with
version 0 sockets.
2. SSYNC on version 0 must be ONLY one SCLK period high in SM3 or 2 SCLK periods high in
SM1 and SM2 to indicate the start of a frame. Also, on version 0 in SM1 or SM2, SSYNC must be
EXACTLY one SCLK period high, at the beginning of each word. In version 1, SSYNC can be high
for an arbitrary number of SCLKs beyond the one in SM3 or two in SM1 and SM2. Also in SM1 and
SM2, the one-SCLK-wide SSYNCs at each word are not needed. In version 1, SM3 and SM4, the
codec only looks for a low-to-high edge of SSYNC to start a frame; in SM1 and SM2 a low-to-high
edge of SSYNC, being high for two SCLK periods, starts a frame.
38
DS83F2
CDB4216
Semiconductor Corporation
CS4216 Evaluation Board
Features
General Description
•
• Analog-in To Analog-out Loopback
The CDB4216 and CDB4218 evaluation boards allow
easy evaluation of the CS4216 and CS4218 audio multimedia codecs. Analog inputs provided include two
BNC line inputs for LIN1 and RIN1, and two 1/4" microphone jacks on the LIN2 and RIN2 lines. Analog
outputs are available on two BNCs.
Digital interfacing is facilitated using one to three of the
buffered ribbon cable headers. All four serial modes of
the CS4216 and all three modes of the CS4218 are
supported using a simple DIP switch which is decoded
to select the proper mode and sub-mode.
Easy DSP Hook-Up
Mode
• Correct Grounding and Layout
• Microphone Pre-amplifier
• Line Input Buffer
• Digital and Analog Patch Areas
ORDERING INFORMATION: CDB4216 or CDB4218
Analog Patch
Area
Digital Patch
Area
Configuration
Switch
LIN2
Digital
I/O Port
A = 14 dB
Microphone
Jacks
A = - 6 dB
Line Inputs
RIN2
CS4216
Digital
I/O
Buffers
&
MUX
Control
Port
Audio
Port
LIN1
RIN1
LOUT
ROUT
Line Outputs
OSC
(+5V)
CLKIN
(+5V)
VD
DGND
Crystal Semiconductor Corporation
P.O. Box 17847, Austin, TX 78760
(512) 445 7222 Fax: (512) 445 7581
AGND
VA
Copyright  Crystal Semiconductor Corporation 1993
(All Rights Reserved)
JUN ’93
CS83DB4
39
CDB4216
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
SELECTING A SERIAL MODE
The CDB4216/8 was designed to provide an
easy platform for evaluating the performance of
the CS4216 and CS4218 Stereo Audio Codecs.
Since the evaluation board contains a proper layout and is performance tested, the user can
concentrate on engineering the rest of the system
thereby reducing the development time. The layout should also be used as a guideline for
obtaining the best possible performance from the
CS4216 or CS4218. Lastly, the board can be
used as a benchmark and debugging tool for user
developed PCBs.
The CS4216 supports four serial modes and
many sub-modes, and the CS4218 supports three
serial modes and sub-modes. Selecting the most
appropriate mode for a given application can be
time consuming. The CDB4216/8 contains a DIP
switch that simplifies this selection. Since the
CS4216/8 contains many multifunction pins, the
DIP switch lets the user select the configuration
and two PLDs decode the proper multifunction
pin values. Since these PLDs are only used to
simplify the configuration of the device, they
would not be needed in an end application which
would hard wire the configuration pins. Table 4
describes the multifunction pin values for a
given DIP switch setting. The PAL equations for
DIP switch decoding are given in Figures 8 and
9.
The evaluation board supports all serial modes
and includes decode circuitry to ease the selection of the serial mode and sub-mode of interest.
All serial interfaces are buffered for easy connection to the serial port of a DSP or other serial
device. The board can also be placed in a loop
back mode where the digital data is looped back
allowing an analog in to analog out testing vehicle without an external processor. A single +5V
supply is all that is needed to power the board.
Analog inputs consist of a pair of line input buffers (LIN1, RIN1) designed to accept a maximum
audio signal of 2VRMS and BNC-to-phono
adapters are included to support various test configurations. The second pair of inputs contain a
example microphone input buffer supported by
two 1/4" mono jacks that are designed to accept
standard single-ended dynamic or condenser microphones.
The line outputs are supplied via BNC connectors with two more BNC-to-phono adapters.
The film plots of the evaluation board are included to provide an example of the optimum
layout, grounding, and decoupling arrangement
for the CS4216 or CS4218.
All references to SM1 and SM2 apply only to
the CS4216. All references to SM3-MM, SM3MS, and I2S apply only to the CS4218.
Serial Port Format
Table 1 lists the DIP switches used to select the
serial mode. SPF2 and SPF1 select one the four
serial modes of the CS4216 or one of three serial
modes for the CS4218. MA selects master
(MA = 1) or slave and is only useful in serial
modes 3 and 4. The majority of users select
SPF2
SPF1
MA
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
x
x
0
1
0
1
Serial Mode
SM1
SM2
SM3
SM3
SM4
SM4
Slave
Slave
Slave
Master
Slave
Master
Table 1. DIP Switch, Serial Modes
40
DS83DB4
CDB4216
either serial mode 3, SM3, or serial mode 4,
SM4. Serial modes 1 and 2, SM1 and SM2, are
primarily designed for ASICs and are less flexible. SM1 and SM2 are not available on the
CS4218. The CS4218 has additional SM3 submodes: Multiplier Master (SM3-MM) and
Multiplier Slave (SM3-MS). These sub-modes
are identical to the SM3 Master and Slave submodes except that the master clock, CLKIN,
must be 16xFsmax instead of 256xFsmax. The
CS4218 also provides a master I2S mode. In
master sub-modes, the CS4216/8 output SSYNC
and SCLK. In slave sub-modes, SSYNC and
SCLK must be externally generated and must be
2
BPF
1
SM1
SM2
SM3
SL
0
0
256
64
0
1
256
128
1
0
256
256
1
1
256
256*
* SCLK is master clock.
MA
SL
SM4
MA
64
128
128
128
32
64
128
128
32
64
64
64
Table 2. DIP Switch, Bits per Frame
synchronous to CLKIN.
Bits per Frame Selection
The next decision is selecting the number of bits
per frame which defines how many codecs can
sit on the same serial bus. Each codec occupies a
sub-frame and 1 to 4 sub-frames make up a
frame. A sub-frame is 64 bits in SM1, SM2, and
SM3; and 32 bits in SM4. Table 2 lists the possible selections. If the evaluation board serial port
is shared with other devices, SDOUTUB must be
used instead of SDOUT since SDOUTUB,
driven directly from the chip, must only drive
the time slot assigned to it. See the Audio Port
Header section for more information.
Time Slot Selection
tual time slot or sub-frame used by the eval
board must be selected. This is done with the
TS2 and TS1 DIP switches. If the number of bits
per frame allows only one codec on the serial
bus, then TS2 and TS1 are ignored. Table 3 list
the decoding for TS2 and TS1. Time slot 1 is the
first sub-frame after SSYNC goes high, time
slot 2 is the next sub-frame, and so on.
Sample Frequency Selection - Master Mode
The last decision is selecting the sample freTS2
TS1
4
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
2
3
4
Available Sub-frames
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
Table 3. DIP Switch, Time Slots
quency in master sub-mode. If configured for
slave sub-mode, the sample frequency is the ratio
of SCLK to CLKIN as described in the
CS4216/8 Data Sheets. In master modes, three
pins are used to select the sample frequency divide. The DIP switches labeled DIV1, DIV2, and
DIV3 select the sample frequency and are
equivalent to F1, F2, and F3, respectively. The
actual F1-F3 pins on the CS4216/8 are different
between SM3 and SM4 as shown in Table 4 at
the end of the data sheets. Table 3 and Table 9 of
the CS4216 Data Sheet describe the sample frequencies obtained using the on-board oscillator
of 11.2896 MHz. As an example, if all DIV
switches are off, the sample frequency is
44.1 kHz. With only DIV2 on, the sample frequency is 22.05 kHz. To obtain a sample
frequency of 44.1 kHz using the CDB4218, all
DIV switches should be set to zero and a
705.6 kHz clock should be connected to the
BNC jack (J2). The shunt on J1 should be set to
EXT.
If the number of bits per frame selected allows
for more than one codec sub-frame, then the acDS83DB4
41
CDB4216
DIP SWITCH MAPPING TO MULTI-FUNCTION PINS
switches to zero. From Table 4, the SMODE3,
SMODE2, and SMODE1 pins are set to 010, respectively. The DIV1, DIV2, and DIV3 DIP
switches will set the sampling frequency by directly mapping to the MF1, MF2, and MF3 pins
as 000. The MA DIP switch sets the MF4 pin
high for master mode. multi-function pins MF5
and MF6 become the general purpose I/O pins
DO2 and DI2, respectively. In this particular
mode, MF7 determines the high time for the
SSYNC signal. The MF7 pin is set low by the
TS1 switch to generate the bit-long SSYNC. In
all other applicable cases, the TS1 switch is used
for time-slot configuration. 64 BPF is selected
by setting the MF8 pin low with the BPF1
switch.
The two PALs on the evaluation board decode
the DIP switches to configure the codec into a
particular mode. These PALs are not necessary
in a design since only one mode is usually used
and can be hard wired. Figure 9 and Figure 10
list the PAL equations used for decoding.
Table 4 shows the CS4216/8 multi-function pin
settings for each possible DIP switch configuration. Refer to the CS4216/8 data sheets to
determine pin settings for sample frequencies.
Once a suitable mode has been chosen using the
evaluation board, this table will show the hard
wire configuration for each multi-function pin.
SM4 is a powerful mode which reduces data
transfer bandwidth to facilitate easier use with
low cost DSPs. As an example, consider SM4,
Slave, 64 BPF, Time-slot 2, and a 22.05 kHz
sampling
rate.
Set
SPF2=SPF1=DIV1=TS1=BPF1=1 and all other
DIP switches to zero. Table 4 shows that the
SMODE3, SMODE2, and SMODE1 pins will be
set to 110, respectively. The multi-function pins
MF1-4 will become the control port interface.
MF5 serves as the interrupt pin INT. BPF2 and
BPF1 will set the codec to 64 BPF by mapping
directly to the MF6 and MF7 pins as 01, respectively. The second time-slot is chosen with TS1
Example Mode Settings
Following are two examples of how to set a serial mode with the DIP switches and then
determine the multi-function pin settings for the
codec. These modes were chosen for illustration
only, not to suggest that they are better than
other modes.
A commonly used mode is SM3 Master (SM3-M
on the CS4218), 64 BPF, 44.1kHz sampling rate,
and bit-long SSYNC. To configure the codec in
this mode, set SPF2=MA=1 and all other DIP
DIP SWITCHES
SMODE SMODE SMODE
3
2
1
SPF2 SPF1 MA
CS4216 Multifunction Pins
MF1
MF2
MF3
MF4
MF5
MF6
MF7
MF8
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
x
x
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
DO4
DO4
BPF2
DIV1
CDOUT
CDOUT
DO3
DO3
BPF1
DIV2
CDIN
CDIN
DI3
DI3
DI3
DIV3
CCLK
CCLK
DI4
DI4
MA=0
MA=1
CCS
CCS
DO2
DO2
DO2
DO2
INT
INT
DI2
DI2
DI2
DI2
BPF2=0
BPF2=1
TS1
TS1
TS1
TS1
BPF1
TS1
TS2
TS2
TS2
BPF1
TS1
TS2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
BPF=0
BPF>0
0
TS1
CDOUT
CDOUT
CDIN
CDIN
CCLK
CCLK
CCS
CCS
INT
INT
DIV1
DIV1
DIV2
DIV2
DIV3
DIV3
Table 4. CS4216 Pin Decode
42
DS83DB4
CDB4216
Ferrite Bead
VD
L1
VD
(+5V)
D3
P6KE
0.1 uF
+ 47 uF
C28
C7
DGND
R26
2Ω
VA
0.1 uF
47 uF
C30
C29
VA
(+5V)
+
D4
P6KE
AGND
+ 1 uF
C3
+ 10 uF
0.1 uF
C36
C5
4
0.1 uF
C35
C6
28
26
20
Line Input
Buffer
See Figure 2
See Figure 7, 8
27
25
C4
VA
LIN2
LOUT
16
RIN2
604
C31
2200 pF
REFBUF
C32
+
R27
3
32
29
31
30
LOUT
1 uF
NPO
R28
47.5 k
R30
47.5 k
C33
CS4216
U1
LIN1
RIN1
2200 pF
ROUT
NPO
15
CLKIN
RESET
SMODE3
MF4
SMODE2
MF3
SMODE1
MF6
2
C34
+
R29 604
41
See Figure 5
+ 1 uF
24
21
VD REFBYP
Microphone
Input Buffer
See Figure 3
0.1 uF
ROUT
1 uF
See Figure 6
36
35
See Figure 5
34
MF7
MF8
DGND
REFGND
5
22
AGND
23
Figure 1. CS4216 and Power Supplies
DS83DB4
43
CDB4216
setting the MF8 pin high. Since the part is in
slave mode, the sampling rate must be set by the
ratio between CLKIN and SCLK. Assuming
that CLKIN has a frequency of 11.2896MHz,
this ratio must be eight to give a sampling rate of
22.05kHz (refer to the CS4216 data sheet). In
all slave modes, SSYNC and SCLK must be
synchronous to the master clock.
LOOPBACK MODE
The CDB4216/8 may be configured in a simple
loop back mode that only requires a power
source to operate. No controller of any type is
necessary. This mode allows a quick and simple
verification of codec operation by sampling the
LIN1 and RIN1 inputs, then looping the digital
data back to the LOUT and ROUT line outputs.
Set SPF2=SPF1=MA=1 and shunt SDOUT to
SDIN on stake header J15. This mode uses SM4
with all control settings set to zero, so no gain or
attenuation is available.
POWER SUPPLY CIRCUITRY
Figure 1 illustrates a portion of the CDB4216/8
schematic and includes the CS4216/8 along with
power supply decoupling and circuitry. The
evaluation board supports various power supply
arrangements. The factory configuration powers
the analog portion of the CS4216/8, along with
input buffers, from the VA binding post, which
needs a clean +5 Volts. The digital portions of
the CS4216/8 are factory configured to obtain
power through a 2Ω resistor from the VA supply.
The digital buffers and PLDs obtain power from
the VD binding post, which also needs +5 Volts.
Although binding posts exist for both digital and
analog grounds, only one needs to be connected
if a single supply is used for both VA and VD.
Note that the CS4216/8 is entirely on the analog
ground plane, close to the ground plane split as
required by the CS4216/8 Data Sheets. Also note
that the two ground planes are connected near
the two ground binding posts.
44
Space for a ferrite bead, L1, is provided so that
the board may be modified to power the codec
from the digital supply. Selection of L1 will depend on the noise characteristics of the digital
supply used.
ANALOG INPUTS
The analog inputs consist of a pair of line level
inputs and a pair of 1/4" mono jacks for two microphones. BNC-to-phono adapters are included
to allow testing of the line inputs using coax or
standard audio cables.
The line-level inputs are connected to the
CS4216/8’s LIN1 and RIN1 pins. As shown in
Figure 2, the line-level inputs go through a buffer set to a gain of 0.5 which allows input signals
of up to 2 VRMS. When placed in serial mode 4
with loop back, the LIN1 and RIN1 inputs are
used for analog inputs.
The microphone inputs are connected to the
CS4216/8’s LIN2 and RIN2 pins. The two microphone inputs are single-ended and are
designed to work with both condenser and dynamic microphones. The microphone input
buffer, shown in Figure 3, has a gain of 23 dB
thereby defining a full-scale input voltage to the
microphone jacks of 71 mVRMS. Another 22 dB
of programmable gain is available on the
CS4216/8 to amplify smaller microphone signals.
An analog patch area with analog power and
ground, included on the CDB4216/8, provides
space to develop other input buffer circuits.
Space for headers are included, J19 and J20, to
connect to the LIN2 and RIN2 inputs. To use
these headers, the microphone traces must be
cut.
ANALOG OUTPUTS
The CS4216/8 drives the line outputs into an RC filter and then to a pair of BNCs labeled
DS83DB4
CDB4216
R20
R21
1k
13 k
C23 +
10 uF
VA
2
3
1 uF
+
RIN2
8
4
C21
R18
47.5 k
C22
LIN2
(Mono)
+
1 uF
R22
C24 +
10 uF
C16
1000 pF
NPO
C26
0.1 uF
J20
RMIC
C19
R24
1
C17
0.01 uF
NPO
150
U2
MC33178
+
LMIC
C20
R25
C18
0.01 uF
NPO
150
C15
REFBUF
C37
0.1 uF
J19
1 uF
RIN2
0.47 uF
20
R19 C25
47.5 k
5
7
6
1k
CS4216
26
1000 pF
NPO
R23
28
LIN2
0.47 uF
13 k
Figure 2. Microphone Input Buffer
C8
56 pF
NPO
R12
LIN1
C10
+
20 k
1 uF R14
10 k
6 _ 8
5 +
C12
0.47 uF
RIN1
(Mono)
C11
+
1 uF R15
7
U2
LT1013
+
2 _
C9
0.1 uF
R16
150
4
3
20 k
VA
1
R11
5k
R17
150
R13
CS4216
27
LIN1
C13
0.01 uF
NPO
20
REFBUF
C37
0.1 uF
25 RIN1
C14
0.01 uF
NPO
10 k
C27 56 pF
NPO
Figure 3. Line Input Buffer
DS83DB4
45
CDB4216
LOUT and ROUT. As with the line inputs, BNCto-phono adapters are provided for flexibility.
The line outputs can drive an impedance of
10 kΩ or more, which is the typical input impedance of most audio gear.
TUB can provide an unbuffered version of
SDOUT which can be used when connecting
multiple codecs on the same bus. The default
configuration does not connect SDOUTUB
which may be connected to the SDOUT of the
CS4216/8 through J17 jumper.
AUDIO PORT HEADER
The CDB4216/8 is primarily designed to evaluate the CS4216/8 in single chip mode, i.e. only
one codec on the serial bus. This is the factory
default state of the CDB4216/8.
The eval board supports both master and slave
sub-modes. In master sub-modes, SSYNC and
SCLK are output (and buffered) from the
CS4216/8. In slave sub-modes, SSYNC and
SCLK must be provided externally and must be
synchronous to the master clock CLKIN.
The audio port header J15 provides all buffered
signals necessary to connect to the serial port of
a DSP or other controller (see Figure 4). SDOUU6
74HC243
SSYNC
SSYNC
SCLK
1
8
9
44
SCLK
1
OEA
R44
10
10
R10
10
11
OEB
B3
A3
B2
A2
B1
A1
B0
A0
CFSIN
13
6
5
4
3
R31
20
R32
20
J15
R39
CS4216
SDOUTUB
J17
20
SDOUT
SDIN
DI1
43
42
7
11
18
40
SCLK
9
SSYNC
R41
20k
2
MF1a
MF1
SDIN
20
J16
33
SDOUT
R40
13
MF1b
5
15
3
17
J13
DI4
R49
13
4
DI4
DI1 DI3
DI2
DI3
DI2
MF2
MF2
MF5
PDN
39
DI1
38
6
DO3
B
14
U
MF5
VD
R46
13
12
8
37
4
9
DO1
100
VD
R42 47.5k
16
DO2
8
R38
28k
U7
DO1
DO4
J18
806
D2
PDN
DO1
74HC541
19
R9
Q1
237k
1
U7
OE1
OE2
74HC541
Figure 4. Serial Port Headers
46
DS83DB4
DS83DB4
R34
10k
CFSIN
SMODE1
MF8
MF7
SMODE2
SMODE3
1
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
VD
20
SW3
12
VD
10
R33
47k
R37
47k
SWX
13
1
19
2
18
U9
3
17
PALCE16V8Z
4
16
5
15
6
14
7
13
8
12
9
0.1uF
C39
VD
1
1
R35
47k
27k
R48
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
6
5
4
3
2
1
16
SWY
U10
24
DI4
DI3
DI2
DI1
12
PALCE22V10Z
14
R49
100
3
6
7
8
9
10
11
1
2
3
4
5
0.1uF
C40
Figure 5. DIP Switch Decode + Digital Header
R36
47k
SWX
DIV1
DIV2
DIV3
TS1
TS2
BPF1
BPF2
MA
SPF1
SPF2
LB
24
1
VD
R45
10k
21
19
18
17
16
20
14
13
R53
27k
1
2 3 4 5 6
R47
27k
VD
VD
MF1a
MF2
MF4
MF3
MF6
R54
27k
MF1b
MF5 PDN RESET
RESET
PDN
INT
CCS
CCLK
CDIN
CDOUT
J14
CDB4216
47
CDB4216
CONTROL PORT HEADER
The Control Port Header J14 contains the control
port pins, available only in SM4, and the PDN
and RESET pins.
Serial mode 4, SM4, splits the serial data to the
codec into two separate serial ports, the audio
port and the control port. The control port pins
are available on this header. Since CDOUT is
buffered and always driven, it cannot be used on
a shared serial port. Although the INT pin on the
codec is open drain, the default factory configuration for the eval board is an on-board pull-up
resistor and a buffer. Therefore, the INT header
pin cannot share an interrupt pin on a processor
since it is buffered and will always be driven. By
cutting a trace in the J18 jumper, the unbuffered
INT signal, labeled U, can be supplied to the
header. When using the control port, the LB
VD
R1
CS4216
47.5k
9
RESET 2 8
10
VD
U11
74HC132
D1
1N4148
12
13
11
R3
DIGITAL I/O HEADER
The Digital I/O Header, J13 shown in Figure 4,
contains the four digital inputs, DI1-DI4, and the
four digital outputs, DO1-DO4. Note that all
digital I/O except DI1 and DO1 are multifunction pins and may not be available in a particular
mode. Since DO1 is always a digital output, an
LED is connected to DO1 providing a visual indication that software is writing this bit correctly.
When the LED is on, DO1 is high.
RESET
100
R2
R4
47.5k
100
SW1A
+ C1
1 uF
Figure 6. Reset Circuit
switch must be off or the control serial port will
be blocked.
PDN and RESET
PDN is buffered and controls the PDN pin on
the CS4216. PDN contains an on-board pull-up
resistor defining the default state as powered.
This pin only needs to be controlled when the
power down feature is used.
48
RESET is also buffered and controls the RESET
pin on the codec (see Figure 6). RESET has a
pull-up resistor on the board defining the default
state as not reset or active. This pin only needs
to be controlled when the reset feature on the
codec is needed. Since the codec requires a reset
at power up, a power-up reset circuit is included
on the board. A reset switch is also included to
allow resetting the device without having to remove the power supply. The power-up reset plus
switch are logically ORed with the RESET pin
on header J14.
In SM1 and SM2 all four digital inputs and outputs are available. In SM3 master sub-modes,
only the first two inputs and outputs are functional. In SM3 slave sub-modes, three inputs and
two outputs are functional. In SM4 only DO1
and DI1 are functional. See the CS4216/8 Data
Sheet for more details.
CLOCKS
The CDB4216/8 provides an on-board default
clock oscillator of 11.2896 MHz (see Figure 7).
This allows all 44.1 kHz and derivative sample
frequencies in SM3 Master sub-mode, SM3
Slave sub-mode, SM4, and the I2S mode. The
CS4218 SM3-MM and SM3-MS modes require
a master clock of 16xFsmax. If using SM1, a
master clock with a frequency that is 512xFsmax
must be supplied. SM2 uses SCLK as the master
clock ant it must be 256xFsmax. A CLKIN BNC
allows the eval board to be driven from an exterDS83DB4
CDB4216
VD
C2
0.1 uF
14
7
VD
11.2896 MHz 8
Oscillator
Module
CS4216
INT
EXT
1
2
CLKIN
R5
47.5k
J1
4
5
3
U11B
R6 U11A
74HC132
47.5k
R7
5k
R8
6
3
CLKIN
10
Figure 7. Default Clock Circuit
nal source. To select the CLKIN BNC, the J1
jumper must be placed in the EXT position.
When the J1 jumper is in the INT position, the
on-board oscillator is used as the master clock.
Both clock sources are buffered to guarantee a
clean signal and proper clock levels to the codec.
HCU04 or a crystal oscillator, and can alternate
between the two.
LAYOUT ISSUES
Figure 11 contains the silk screen, Figure 12
contains the component-side copper layer, and
Figure 13 contains the solder-side copper layer
of the CDB4216/8 evaluation board. These plots
are included to provide an example of how to
correctly layout a PCB for the codec.
If sample frequencies other than the ones provided are needed, the oscillator can be replaced
with the proper frequency oscillator. The board
accepts crystals and provides the socket Y1 (refer
to Figure 8). When using a crystal, U8 must contain an HCU04 unbuffered CMOS inverter. The
U8 socket is designed to accept either the
Grounding and Power
Y1
C44
33 pF
C43
33 pF
R55
10M
VD
13
12
11
10
9
8
C2
0.1uF
14
7
CLKIN-J1
U8
74HCUO4
1
2
3
4
5
6
Figure 8. Optional Clock Circuit
DS83DB4
49
CDB4216
Notice in Figure 12 and Figure 13 how the
ground plane split is positioned. The split is
next to the part - NOT UNDER IT. The AGND
and DGND pins are connected to the ground
plane fill inside the codec pad layout on the
component-side layer. This is recommended because AGND and DGND are connected on the
codec die and must have a zero impedance between them.
Notice how each ground connection has at least
four points in thermal relief. The main board
grounds at the terminal connections have eight
points in thermal relief. This helps minimize the
impedance to the main ground terminal from any
particular ground pin, reducing the chance of
noise coupling.
Sockets
The CDB4216/8 was designed to accommodate
either the 44-pin PLCC package or the 44-pin
TQFP package. Each evaluation board is
shipped with a PLCC codec loaded into a surface mount socket. Notice how the socket pads
match the footprint of the PLCC package. Using
this socket in a design allows for testing with the
socket mounted, and the option to surface mount
the codec directly for cost reduction during
board production.
Another important design consideration is the
ground plane fill between traces on both layers,
which minimizes coupling of radiated energy.
Ground fill on the digital side of the board helps
reduce the amount of noisy digital energy radiated to the sensitive analog side and to a host
system. Ground fill on the analog side helps reduce the amount of radiated digital energy that is
coupled into the analog circuitry. All ground
plane fills must be connected to their respective
grounds - floating ground fill is worse than no
fill.
All power and ground traces are as thick as the
surface mount pads they connect. Thick traces
minimize impedance, thereby reducing the
chance of noise coupling.
Decoupling
Notice how the decoupling capacitors are placed
as close as possible to the codec. The 0.1µF capacitors are placed closer than the 10µF or 1µF
capacitors. This reduces lead inductance at high
frequencies and allows the smaller valued capacitors to attenuate unwanted signals more
effectively.
50
DS83DB4
CDB4216
;PALASM Design Description
;---------------------------------- Declaration Segment -----------TITLE
CDB4216
PATTERN
4216S_B
REVISION
4.0B
AUTHOR
C. Sanchez, M. Jordan
COMPANY
Crystal Semiconductor
DATE
5/28/93
CHIP _4216s_b PALCE16V8
;---------------------------------- PIN Declarations --------------PIN
1
/SPF2
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
2
/SPF1
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
3
/MA
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
4
/BPF2
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
5
/BPF1
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
6
/TS2
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
7
/TS1
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
8
/DIV3
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
9
/DIV2
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
10
GND
PIN
11
NC
PIN
12
/CFSIN
COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT
PIN
13
NC
PIN
14
NC
PIN
15
SMODE3
COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT
PIN
16
SMODE2
COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT
PIN
17
MF7
COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT
PIN
18
MF8
COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT
PIN
19
SMODE1
COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT
PIN
20
VCC
;----------------------------------- Boolean Equation Segment -----EQUATIONS
/CFSIN = SPF2 * MA
SMODE3 = SPF2 * SPF1
SMODE2 = SPF2 * /SPF1
+ SPF2 * SPF1 *
+ SPF2 * SPF1 *
+ SPF2 * SPF1 *
+ SPF2 * SPF1 *
+ SPF2 * SPF1 *
/MA
MA * BPF1 * TS1
MA * BPF1 * TS2
MA * BPF2 * TS1
MA * BPF2 * TS2
SMODE1 = /SPF2 * SPF1
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * MA * BPF1
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * MA * BPF2
MF8 = /SPF2 * TS2
+ SPF2 * /SPF1 * MA * BPF2
+ SPF2 * /SPF1 * MA * BPF1
+ SPF2 * /SPF1 * /MA * BPF2 * TS2
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * /MA * /BPF2 * BPF1 * TS1
Figure 9. PALCE16V8H PAL Equations.
DS83DB4
51
CDB4216
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * /MA * /BPF2 * BPF1 * TS2
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * /MA * BPF2 * TS2
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * MA * DIV3
MF7 = /SPF2 * TS1
+ SPF2 * /SPF1 * /MA * /BPF2 * BPF1 * TS1
+ SPF2 * /SPF1 * /MA * /BPF2 * BPF1 * TS2
+ SPF2 * /SPF1 * /MA * BPF2 * TS1
+ SPF2 * /SPF1 * MA * TS1
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * /MA * /BPF2 * BPF1
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * /MA * BPF2 * TS1
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * MA * DIV2
Figure 9. Continued.
52
DS83DB4
CDB4216
;PALASM Design Description
;---------------------------------- Declaration Segment -----------TITLE
CDB4216
PATTERN
4216L_B
REVISION
2.0B
AUTHOR
C. Sanchez
COMPANY
Crystal Semiconductor
DATE
4/27/93
CHIP _4216l_b PALCE22V10Z
;---------------------------------- PIN Declarations --------------PIN
1
/SPF2
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
2
/SPF1
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
3
/MA
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
4
/BPF2
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
5
/BPF1
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
6
/DIV3
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
7
/DIV2
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
8
/DIV1
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
9
DI4
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
10
DI3
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
11
DI2
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
12
GND
PIN
13
CDIN
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
14
CCLK
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
15
NC
PIN
16
MF6
COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT
PIN
17
MF3
COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT
PIN
18
MF4
COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT
PIN
19
MF2
COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT
PIN
20
/CCS
COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT
PIN
21
MF1
COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT
PIN
22
NC
PIN
23
NC
PIN
24
VCC
;----------------------------------- Boolean Equation Segment -----EQUATIONS
MF1 = SPF2 * /SPF1 * MA * DIV1
+ SPF2 * /SPF1 * /MA * BPF2
MF1.TRST = SPF2 * /SPF1
MF2 = SPF2 * /SPF1 * MA * DIV2
+ SPF2 * /SPF1 * /MA * BPF1
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * CDIN
MF2.TRST = SPF2
MF3 = /SPF2 * DI3 + SPF2 * /SPF1 * /MA * DI3
+ SPF2 * /SPF1 * MA * DIV3
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * CCLK
MF4 = /SPF2 * DI4
Figure 10. PALCE22V10Z PAL Equations.
DS83DB4
53
CDB4216
+ SPF2 * /SPF1 * MA
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * /CCS
MF6 = /SPF2 * DI2 + /SPF1 * DI2
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * MA * DIV1
+ SPF2 * SPF1 * /MA * BPF2
Figure 10. Continued.
54
DS83DB4
44 pin
PLCC
NO. OF TERMINALS
MILLIMETERS
INCHES
DIM
MIN NOM MAX
MIN NOM MAX
A
A1
4.20
4.45
4.57 0.165 0.175 0.180
2.29
2.79
3.04 0.090 0.110 0.120
B
0.33
0.41
0.53 0.013 0.016 0.021
E1 E
D/E 17.40 17.53 17.65 0.685 0.690 0.695
D1
D1/E1 16.51 16.59 16.66 0.650 0.653 0.656
D
D2/E2 14.99 15.50 16.00 0.590 0.610 0.630
e
B
e
A1
D2/E2
A
1.19
1.27
1.35 0.047 0.050 0.053
44 PIN TQFP
D
44 LEAD TQFP
D1
DIM
E1 E
MILLIMETERS
MIN
NOM MAX
0.05
A2
1.35
1.40
b
0.30
0.09
D/E
11.75
D1/E1 9.90
e
L
∝
ccc
1
∝
A2 A
c
e
L
b
A1
ccc
INCHES
NOM MAX
1.60
A
A1
c
MIN
0.70
0.45
0°
0.15
0.063
1.45
0.002
0.053
0.055
0.006
0.057
0.37
0.45
0.014
0.016
0.018
0.145
0.20
0.004
0.006
0.008
12.0
10.0
12.25
10.10
0.462
0.390
0.472
0.394
0.482
0.398
0.80
0.90
0.026
0.031
0.036
0.60
3.5°
0.75
0.018
0.024
0.030
7°
0°
3.5°
0.10
7°
0.004
• Notes •
Smart AnalogTM is a Trademark of Crystal Semiconductor Corporation
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