Description Features The GM66300 series is 3.0A low-dropout linear voltage regulators that provide a low-voltage, and high-current output with a minimum of external components. 3.0A minimum guaranteed output current 500mV dropout voltage Ideal for 3.0V to 2.5V conversion The GM66300 series offers extremely low dropout (typically 400mV at 3.0A) and low ground current (typically 36mA at 3.0A). Ideal for 2.5V to 1.8V conversion 1% initial accuracy Low ground current The GM66300 series is ideal for PC add-in cards that need to convert from standard 3.0V to 2.5V and 2.5V to 1.8, down to new, lower core voltages. A guaranteed maximum dropout voltage of 500mV over all operating conditions allows the GM66300 series to provide 2.5V from a supply as low as 3V or 1.8V . The GM66300 series also has fast transient response, for heavy switching applications. The device requires only 47µF of output capacitance to maintain stability and achieve fast transient response. Current limiting and Thermal shutdown Reversed-battery protection Reversed-leakage protection Fast transient response TO-220 and TO-263 packages TTL/CMOS compatible enable pin (GM66301 only) Error flag output (GM66301 only) The GM66300 series is fully protected with overcurrent limiting, thermal shutdown, reversed-battery protection, reversed-lead insertion protection, and reversed-leakage protection. Adjustable version (GM66302 only) Application LDO linear regulator for PC add-in cards High-efficiency linear power supplies SMPS post regulator Multimedia and PC processor supplies Low-voltage microcontrollers Strong ARMTM processor supply The GM66301 series offers a TTL-logic-compatible enable pin, and an error flag that indicates undervoltage and overcurrent conditions. Offered in a fixed voltages, 1.8V and 2.5V, the GM66300 series comes in the TO-220 and TO-263 packages, and is an ideal upgrade to older, NPNbased linear voltage regulators. The GM66030 is adjustable version. 100kW VIN 3.3V VOUT 2.5V VOUT VIN GM66300 - 2.5 GM66301 - 2.5 ENABLE SHUTDOWN VEN GND + VOUT VIN VIN 3.3V 47µF ERROR FLAG OUTPUT FLG VOUT 2.5V GND + ENABLE SHUTDOWN GM66302 OUT VEN + VIN 3.3V 47µF VIN GND Adj 47µF 1.25V 10µF GM 431 www.gammamicro.com GM66300 SERIES V0.1 TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS 1 MARKING INFORMATION & PIN CONFIGURATIONS 2 GM66300 GM66300 VVAYWW VVAYWW VIN VIN GND TO-263-5(D PAK) VOUT FLG GND GM66302 VVAYWW VVAYWW EN VIN TO-220- 5 GM66301 GM66301 VOUT GND 2 TO-220- 5 TO-220 TO-263-2 (D PAK) VOUT EN VIN AYWW FLG GND VOUT Adj EN VIN GND VOUT 2 TO-263-5(D PAK) Pinout On all devices, the Tab is grounded. GM66300/ Three Terminal GM66302 AYWW Pin 1 = Input, 2 = Ground, 3 = Output GM66301/ Five Terminal (Fixed Voltage Devices) VV EN VIN Adj GND VOUT A Y WW = Output Voltage (18=1.8V , 25=2.5V) = Assembly Location = Year = Weekly Pin 1 = Enable, 2 = Input, 3 = Ground, 4 = Output, 5 = Flag GM66302/ Adjustable with ON/ OFF Control Pin 1 = Enable, 2 = Input, 3 = Ground, 4 = Output, 5 = Adjust ORDERING INFORMATION Output Voltage Package Shipping GM66300-1.8TA3T 1.8V TO-263-2 50 Units/ Tube GM66300-1.8TA3R 1.8V TO-263-2 800 Units/ Tape & Reel GM66300-1.8TB3T 1.8V TO-220 50 Units/ Tube GM66300-2.5TA3T 2.5V TO-263-2 50 Units/ Tube GM66300-2.5TA3R 2.5V TO-263-2 800 Units/ Tape & Reel GM66300-2.5TB3T 2.5V TO-220 50 Units/ Tube GM66301-1.8TA5T 1.8V TO-263-5 50 Units/ Tube GM66301-1.8TA5R 1.8V TO-263-5 800 Units/ Tape & Reel GM66301-1.8TB5T 1.8V TO-220-5 50 Units/ Tube 2.5V TO-263-5 50 Units/ Tube GM66301-2.5TA5R 2.5V TO-263-5 800 Units/ Tape & Reel GM66301-2.5TB5T 2.5V TO-220-5 50 Units/ Tube GM66302TA5T Adj TO-263-5 50 Units/ Tube GM66302TA5R Adj TO-263-5 800 Units/ Tape & Reel GM66302TB5T Adj TO-220-5 50 Units/ Tube Ordering Number GM66300 SERIES GM66300 2 GM66301 GM66301-2.5TA5T GM66302 * For detail Ordering Number identification, please see last page. PIN DESCRIPTION PIN Number PIN Number PIN NUMBER PIN Name GM66300 GM66301 GM66302 PIN Function 1 1 VEN Enable (Input): TTL/CMOS compatible input. Logic high=enable; logic low or open=shutdown. 1 2 2 VIN Unregulated Input: +16V maximum supply. 2, TAB 3, TAB 3, TAB GND Ground: Ground pin and TAB are internally connected. 3 4 4 VOUT Regulator Output. FLG Error Flag (Output): Open collector output. Active low indicates an output fault condition. Adj Adjustable 5 5 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1) Symbol Value Unit Power Dissipation PD Internally limited W Supply Voltage VIN Parameter -20 to +20 V Lead Temperature (Soldering, 5 sec) TLEAD 260 °C Storage Temperature Range TSTG -65 to +150 °C Symbol Value Unit Supply Voltage VIN + 2.5 to +16 V V ESD, Note 3 OPERATING RATINGS (Note 2) Parameter Enable Voltage VEN +16 Operating junction Temperature Range TJ -40 to +125 °C Thermal Resistance (TO-263-2 ,TO-220) qJC 2.0 °C/W Maximum Power Dissipation, Note 4 IN OUT O.V. ILimit 18V + FLAG* - 1.18V Ref. 1.24V + - EN* Thermal Shut-down GND * GM66301 ONLY GM66300 SERIES FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM 3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TJ = 25°C, bold values indicate -40°C Parameter TJ +125°C; unless noted Conditions Min -1 IO = 10 mA Output Voltage 10mA IOUT 3A, VOUT + 1V VIN Typ 8V Max Unit 1 % 2 % Line Regulation IOUT = 10mA, VOUT + 1V VIN 8V 0.06 0.5 % Load Regulation VIN = VOUT + 1V, 10mA IOUT 3A 0.20 1.0 % DVOUT / DT 20 100 ppm/°C 65 200 Output Voltage change with Temperature Coef. Note 5 Dropout Voltage Note 6 & 9 Ground Current Note 7 Dropout Ground Pin Current Current Limit -2 IOUT = 100mA, DVOUT = -1% IOUT = 750mA, DVOUT = -1% IOUT = 1.5A, DVOUT = -1% IOUT = 3A, DVOUT = -1% 185 IOUT = 750mA, VIN = VOUT + 1V IOUT = 1.5A, VIN = VOUT + 1V IOUT = 3A, VIN = VOUT + 1V VIN mV 250 385 550 10 20 17 mA 45 VOUT(nominal) -0.5V, IOUT=10mA VOUT= 0V, VIN = VOUT + 1V 6 mA 4.5 A Enable Input (Gm66301) Logic Low (off) 0.8 V Enable Input Voltage Logic high (on) V 2.5 15 30 75 µA 2 4 µA 10 20 µA VOH = 16V 0.01 µA Output Low Voltage VIN = 2.5V, IOL= 250µA Note 9 220 1 2 300 400 Low Threshold % of VOUT High Threshold % of VOUT Enable Input Current VEN = 2.5V VEN = 0.8V Shutdown Output Current (Note 8) Flag Output (GM66301) Output Leakage Current Hysteresis GM66300 SERIES Note Note Note Note 4 mV % 93 99.2 1 % % 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handing precautions recommended. 4. P D(max) =(T J(max) -T A ) ÷ q JA , where q JA depends upon the printed circuit layout. See "Applications Information". Note 5. Output voltage temperature coefficient is DV OUT(worst case) ÷ (TJ(max) - TJ(min) ) where T J(max) is +125°C and T J(min) is -40°C. Note 6. V DO =V IN -V OUT when VOUT decreases to 99% of its nominal output voltage with V IN =V OUT +1V. For voltages below 2.5V, dropout voltage is the input-to-output voltage differential with the minimum input voltage being 2.5V. Minimum input operating voltage is 2.25V. Note 7. I GND is the quiescent current. IIN = IGND + IOUT Note 8. V EN 0.8V, V IN 8V, and VOUT = 0V Note 9. For a 1.8V device, VIN = 2.5V. TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 600 400 VOUT = 1.8V 150 100 400 VOUT = 1.8V 300 200 100 50 ILOAD = 3A 2 1.8 1.6 ILOAD = 1.5A ILOAD = 3.0A 0 1000 2000 0 -40 -20 3000 0 20 40 60 1.2 1.2 80 100 120 2.8 3.2 3.6 25 7 60 ILOAD = 1500mA 40 30 20 20 6 5 VOUT = 2.5V Ground Current (mA) Ground Current (mA) ILOAD = 3000mA 70 50 2.4 Figure 3. Dropout Characteristics 8 80 2.0 Input Voltage(V) Figure 2. Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature 100 90 1.6 Temperature (°C) Figure 1. Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current VOUT = 1.8V 4 3 2 VOUT = 2.5V 15 VOUT = 1.8V 10 5 1 10 ILOAD = 1000mA 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 0 -40 -20 12 ILOAD = 10mA 0 Supply Voltage (V) 20 40 60 80 0 -40 100 120 Typical 1.8V Device 40 VOUT = 1.8V 30 20 5 5 Short Circuit Current (A) VOUT = 2.5V Typical 2.5V Device 4 3 0 -40 -20 ILOAD = 3000A 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature (°C) Figure 7. Ground Current vs. Temperature 60 80 100 120 VIN =5V Flag High (OK) 4 3 2 2 1 10 40 6 6 50 20 Figure 6. Ground Current vs. Temperature Figure 5. Ground Current vs. Temperature 60 0 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Figure 4. Ground Current vs. Supply Voltage ILOAD = 1500mA -20 VIN = VOUT (NOM) + 1V VOUT =0 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature (°C) Figure 8. Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature 1 Flag Low (Fault) 0 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 Resistance (k ) Figure 9. Error Flag Pull-up Resistor GM66300 SERIES Ground Current (mA) 2.2 1.4 Output Current (mA) Ground Current (mA) ILOAD = 100mA 2.4 Flag Voltage(V) 0 2.6 VOUT = 2.5V Output Voltage (V) 250 200 2.8 500 VOUT = 2.5V 300 Dropout Voltage (mV) Dropout Voltage (mV) 350 5 APPLICATION INFORMATION The GM66300 series is a high performance with lowdropout voltage regulator, suitable for moderate to high-current voltage regulator applications. Its 500mV dropout voltage at full load makes it especially valuable in battery-powered systems and as a high-efficiency noise filter in post-regulator applications. Calculate the power dissipation of the regulator from these numbers and the device parameters from this datasheet, where the ground current is taken from data sheet Unlike older NPN-pass transistor designs, where the minimum dropout voltage is limited by the base-toemitter voltage drop and collector-to-emitter saturation voltage. Dropout performance of the PNP output of these devices is limited only by the low VCE saturation Voltage. The heat sink thermal resistance is determined by: The GM66300 series regulator is fully protected from damage due to fault conditions. Current limiting is provided. This limiting is linear, output current during overload conditions is constant. Thermal shutdown disables the device when the die temperature exceeds the maximum safe operating temperature. Transient protection allows device (and load) survival even when the input voltage spikes above and below nominal. The output structure of these regulators allows voltages in excess of the desired output voltage to be applied without reverse current flow. VIN GM66300 - X.X VOUT VOUT VIN GND + CIN + COUT Figure 10. Capacitor Requirements GM66300 SERIES Thermal Design 6 Linear regulators are simple to use. The most complicated design parameters to consider are thermal characteristics. Thermal design requires four application-specific parameters: Maximum ambient temperature (TA) Output Current (IOUT) Output Voltage (VOUT) Input Voltage (VIN) Ground Current (IGND) PD = (VIN - VOUT)IOUT + VIN IGND TJ(MAX) - TA qSA = - (qJC + qCS ) PD where TJ(max) 125°C and qCS is between 0°C and 2°C/W. The heat sink may be significantly reduced in applications where the minimum input voltage is known and is large compared with the dropout voltage. Use a series input resistor to drop excessive voltage and distribute the heat between this resistor and the regulator. The low dropout properties of Super beta PNP regulators allow significant reductions in regulator power dissipation and the associated heat sink without compromising performance. When this technique is employed, a capacitor of at least 1.0µF is needed directly between the input and regulator ground. Output Capacitor The GM66300 series requires an output capacitor to maintain stability and improve transient response. Proper capacitor selection is important to ensure proper operation. The GM66300 series output capacitor selection is dependent upon the ESR (equivalent series resistance) of the output capacitor to maintain stability. When the output capacitor is 47µF or greater, the output capacitor should have less than 1W of ESR. This will improve transient response as well as promote stability. Ultra-low-ESR capacitors, such as ceramic chip capacitors may promote instability. These very low ESR levels may cause an oscillation and/or underdamped transient response. When larger capacitors are used, the ESR requirement approaches zero. A 100µF ceramic capacitor can be used on the output while maintaining stability. A low-ESR 47µF solid tantalum capacitor works extremely well and provides good transient response and stability over temperature. Aluminum electrolytics can also be used, as long as the ESR of the capacitor is 1W. The value of the output capacitor can be increased without limit. Higher capacitance values help to improve transient response, ripple rejection, and reduce output noise. Input Capacitor An input capacitor of 1µF or greater is recommended when the device is more than 4 inches away from the bulk as supply capacitance, or when the supply is a battery. Small surfacemount ceramic chip capacitors can be used for the bypassing. Larger values will help to improve ripple rejection by bypassing the input to the regulator, further improving the integrity of the output voltage. Transient Response and 3.3V to 2.5V and 2.5V to 1.8V Conversions The GM66300 series has excellent transient response to variations in input voltage and load current. The device has been designed to respond quickly to load current variations and input voltage variations. Large output capacitors are not required to obtain this performance. A standard 47µF output capacitor, preferably tantalum, is all that is required. Larger values improve performance even further. The error flag is an open-collector output that can sink 10mA during a fault condition. Low output voltage can be caused by a number of problems, including an overcurrent fault (device in current limit) or low input voltage. The flag is inoperative during overtemperature shutdown. When the error flag is not used, it is best to leave it open. The flag pin can be tied directly to pin 4, the output pin. Enable Input The GM66300 series version features an enable input for on/off control of the device. Its shutdown state draws "zero" current. The enable input is TTL/CMOS compatible for simple logic interface, but can be connected to up to 20V. When enabled, it draws approximately 15µA. By virtue of its low-dropout voltage, this device does not saturate into dropout as readily as similar NPNbased designs. When converting from 3.3V to 2.5V or 2.5V to 1.8V, the NPN-based regulators are already operating in dropout, with typical dropout requirements of 1.2V or greater. To convert down to 2.5V without operating in dropout, NPN-based regulators require an input voltage of 3.7V at the very least. The GM66300 series regulator will provides excellent performance with an input as low as 3.0V or 2.5V respectively. This gives the PNP-based regulators a distinct advantage over older, NPN-based linear regulators. A typical NPN regulator does not have the headroom to do this conversion. The GM66300 series regulator is specified between finite loads. If the output current is too small, leakage currents dominate and the output voltage rises. A 10mA minimum load current is necessary for proper regulation. Error Flag The GM66300 series version features an error flag circuit which monitors the output voltage and signals an error condition when the voltage 5% below the nominal output voltage. GM66300 SERIES Minimum Load Current 7 TO-220 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 4.50 ± 0.20 9.90 ± 0.20 3.60 ± 0.20 8.0 8.70 2.80 ± 0.10 7.0 +0.1 1.30 -0.05 4.60 8.40 45° 3° 0.9 7.0 3° 1.27 ± 0.10 2.54 TYP (2.54 ± 0.20) 3° 3° 3.00 10.08 ± 0.30 13.08 ± 0.20 1.46 1.00 18.95 MAX 3.70 ± 0.20 15.90 ± 0.20 1.50 DP0.20 9.20 ± 0.20 1.30 ± 0.10 1.70 3-R0.2 +0.1 0.80 ± 0.10 1.52 ± 0.10 0.50 -0.05 2.40 ± 0.20 3° 2 - R 0.3 Unit: mm 10.00 ± 0.20 TO-220-5 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 9.97 ± 0.20 4.50 ± 0.20 9.90 ± 0.20 3.60 ± 0.20 8.0 ± 0.20 8.70 2.80 ± 0.10 7.0 +0.1 1.30 -0.05 8 9.20 ± 0.20 4.60 8.40 15.90 ± 0.20 3.70 ± 0.20 1.2 3° 7.0 ± 0.20 28.78 MAX 1.50 DP0.20 9.20 ± 0.20 3° 3° 3-R0.2 13.08 ± 0.20 GM66300 SERIES 1.30 ± 0.10 1.70 5-0.8 ± 0.10 +0.1 0.50 -0.05 2.40 ± 0.20 1.7(TYP) 3° 3° 2 - R 0.3 Unit: mm 10.00 ± 0.20 TO-263-2 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 9.90 ± 0.20 4.50 ± 0.20 +0.1 1.30 -0.05 15° 0.40 1.20 Pad Layout 3° 1.50 DP0.20 0.63 17.02 0.33 8.38 9.20 ± 0.20 15.3 ± 0.20 1.4 ± 0.20 0.10 ± 0.01 3° 3° R0.30 2.40 ± 0.20 2.00 ± 0.10 0.42 10.66 4.90 ± 0.20 1.27 ± 0.10 2.54 TYP (2.54 ± 0.20) 0.24 6.096 2.54 ± 0.10 0.75 R0.30 0.90 ± 0.10 0.12 3.05 +0.1 0.50 -0.05 0.04 1.016 10.0 ± 0.20 7.0 4.0 0.40 3° ( Inches ) mm 0.90 3° R 0.3 R 0.45 7.2 9.20 ± 0.20 10.00 ± 0.20 4.90 ± 0.20 Unit: mm TO-263-5 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 9.90 4.50 1.30 15' 0.40 1.20 3° 4.60 1.50 DP0.20 9.20 Pad Layout 3° 2.00 4.90 17.5 9 0.75 R0.30 1.7 2.54 0.50 1.70 TYP (1.70 ± 0.20) 0.80 0.40 3.8 11.5 1.20 2.40 R0.30 10.0 8.0 7.0 4.40 1.07 1.75 3° 3° R 0.3 0.90 R 0.45 7.2 Units: mm 9.20 15.30 10.00 4.90 Unit: mm GM66300 SERIES 0.10 15.3 9 ORDERING NUMBER GM 66300/ 6630X 1.8 TA3 T Gamma Micro. Shipping R: Tape & Reel T: Tube Circuit Type GM66300 SERIES Output Voltage 1.8: 1.8V 2.5: 2.5V Blank: Adj 10 Package TA3: TO-263-2 TA5: TO-263-5 TB3: TO-220-3 TB5: TO-220-5 11 GM66300 SERIES