Intersil HS1-80C86RH/PROTO Radiation hardened 16-bit cmos microprocessor Datasheet

HS-80C86RH
TM
Data Sheet
Radiation Hardened 16-Bit CMOS
Microprocessor
August 2000
File Number
3035.2
Features
• Electrically Screened to SMD # 5962-95722
The Intersil HS-80C86RH high performance radiation
hardened 16-bit CMOS CPU is manufactured using a
hardened field, self aligned silicon gate CMOS process. Two
modes of operation, MINimum for small systems and
MAXimum for larger applications such as multiprocessing,
allow user configuration to achieve the highest performance
level. Industry standard operation allows use of existing
NMOS 8086 hardware and software designs.
Specifications for Rad Hard QML devices are controlled
by the Defense Supply Center in Columbus (DSCC). The
SMD numbers listed here must be used when ordering.
Detailed Electrical Specifications for these devices are
contained in SMD 5962-95722. A “hot-link” is provided
on our homepage for downloading.
www.intersil.com/spacedefense/space.asp
• QML Qualified per MIL-PRF-38535 Requirements
• Radiation Performance
- Latch Up Free EPl-CMOS
- Total Dose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 krad(Si) (Max)
- Transient Upset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . >108 rad(Si)/s
• Low Power Operation
- ICCSB. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500µA (Max)
- ICCOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12mA/MHz (Max)
• Pin Compatible with NMOS 8086 and Intersil 80C86
• Completely Static Design DC to 5MHz
• 1MB Direct Memory Addressing Capability
• 24 Operand Addressing Modes
• Bit, Byte, Word, and Block Move Operations
Ordering Information
ORDERING NUMBER
INTERNAL
MKT. NUMBER
TEMP. RANGE
(oC)
5962R9572201QQC
HS1-80C86RH-8
-55 to 125
5962R9572201QXC
HS9-80C86RH-8
-55 to 125
5962R9572201VQC
HS1-80C86RH-Q
-55 to 125
5962R9572201VXC
HS9-80C86RH-Q
-55 to 125
HS1-80C86RH/Proto
HS1-80C86RH/Proto
-55 to 125
HS9-80C86RH/Proto
HS9-80C86RH/Proto
-55 to 125
• 8-Bit and 16-Bit Signed/Unsigned Arithmetic
- Binary or Decimal
- Multiply and Divide
• Bus-Hold Circuitry Eliminates Pull-up Resistors for CMOS
Designs
• Hardened Field, Self-Aligned, Junction-Isolated CMOS
Process
• Single 5V Power Supply
• Military Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . -35oC to 125oC
• Minimum LET for
Single Event Upset . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6MEV/mg/cm2 (Typ)
1
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 321-724-7143 | Intersil and Design is a trademark of Intersil Corporation. | Copyright © Intersil Corporation 2000
HS-80C86RH
Pinout
HS-80C86RH 40 LEAD CERAMIC DUAL-IN-LINE METAL SEAL PACKAGE (SBDIP)
MIL-STD-1835, CDIP2-T40
TOP VIEW
GND
1
MAX
40 VDD
MIN
AD14
2
39 AD15
AD13
3
38 AD16/S3
AD12
4
37 A17/S4
AD11
5
36 A18/S5
AD10
6
35 A19/S6
AD9
7
34 BHE/S7
AD8
8
33 MN/MX
AD7
9
32 RD
AD6
10
31 RQ/GT0
(HOLD)
AD5
11
30 RQ/GT1
(HLDA)
AD4
12
29 LOCK
(WR)
AD3
13
28 S2
(M/IO)
AD2
14
27 S1
(DT/R)
AD1
15
26 S0
(DEN)
AD0
16
25 QS0
(ALE)
NMI
17
24 QS1
(INTA)
INTR
18
23 TEST
CLK
19
22 READY
GND
20
21 RESET
HS-80C86RH 42 LEAD CERAMIC METAL SEAL FLATPACK PACKAGE (FLATPACK)
INTERSIL OUTLINE K42.A
TOP VIEW
GND
AD14
AD13
AD12
AD11
AD10
AD9
AD8
AD7
AD6
AD5
AD4
AD3
AD2
AD1
AD0
NC
NMI
INTR
CLK
GND
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
MAX
VDD
AD15
NC
A16/S3
A17/S4
A18/S5
A19/S6
BHE/S7
MN/MX
RD
MIN
RQ/GT0
RQ/GT1
LOCK
S2
S1
(HOLD)
S0
QS0
QS1
TEST
READY
RESET
(HLDA)
(WR)
(M/IO)
(DT/R)
(DEN)
(ALE)
(INTA)
HS-80C86RH
Functional Diagram
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
EXECUTION UNIT
REGISTER FILE
RELOCATION
REGISTER FILE
DATA POINTER
AND
INDEX REGS
(8 WORDS)
SEGMENT REGISTERS
AND
INSTRUCTION POINTER
(5 WORDS)
16-BIT ALU
4
BHE/S7
A19/S6
A16/S3
16
AD15-AD0
FLAGS
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
3
INTA, RD, WR
4
DT/R, DEN, ALE, M/IO
6-BYTE
INSTRUCTION
QUEUE
TEST
INTR
NMI
LOCK
RQ/GT0, 1
CONTROL AND TIMING
2
HOLD
HLDA
RESET READY MN/MX
CLK
2
QS0, QS1
3
S2, S1, S0
3
GND
VDD
MEMORY INTERFACE
C-BUS
INSTRUCTION
STREAM BYTE
QUEUE
B+BUS
ES
CS
BUS
INTERFACE
UNIT
SS
DS
IP
EXECUTION UNIT
CONTROL SYSTEM
A-BUS
EXECUTION
UNIT
AH
BH
AL
BL
CH
CL
DL
DH
ARITHMETIC/
LOGIC UNIT
SP
BP
SI
DI
3
FLAGS
HS-80C86RH
Pin Descriptions
SYMBOL
PIN
NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
The following pin function descriptions are for HS-80C86RH systems in either minimum or maximum mode. The “Local Bus” in these descriptions
is the direct multiplexed bus interface connection to the HS-80C86RH (without regard to additional bus buffers).
AD15-AD0
2-16, 39
I/O
ADDRESS DATA BUS: These lines constitute the time multiplexed memory/IO address (T1) and data
(T2, T3, TW, T4) bus. AO is analogous to BHE for the lower byte of the data bus, pins D7-D0. It is LOW
during T1 when a byte is to be transferred on the lower portion of the bus in memory or I/O operations.
Eight-bit oriented devices tied to the lower half would normally use AD0 to condition chip select functions
(See BHE). These lines are active HIGH and are held at high impedance to the last valid logic level during
interrupt acknowledge and local bus “hold acknowledge” or “grant sequence”.
A19/S6
A18/S5
A17/S4
A16/S3
35-38
O
ADDRESS/STATUS: During T1, these are the four most significant address lines for memory operations.
During I/O operations these lines are low. During memory and I/O operations, status information is
available on these lines during T2, T3, TW, T4. S6 is always zero. The status of the interrupt enable FLAG
bit (S5) is updated at the beginning of each CLK cycle. S4 and S3 are encoded.
This information indicates which segment register is presently being used for data accessing. These lines
are held at high impedance to the last valid logic level during local bus “hold acknowledge” or “grant
sequence”.
BHE/S7
RD
34
32
O
O
S4
S3
0
0
Extra Data
0
1
Stack
1
0
Code or None
1
1
Data
BUS HIGH ENABLE/STATUS: During T1 the bus high enable signal (BHE) should be used to enable data
onto the most significant half of the data bus, pins D15-D8. Eight bit oriented devices tied to the upper
half of the bus would normally use BHE to condition chip select functions. BHE is LOW during T1 for read,
write, and interrupt acknowledge cycles when a byte is to be transferred on the high portion of the bus.
The S7 status information is available during T2, T3 and T4. The signal is active LOW, and is held at high
impedance to the last valid logic level during interrupt acknowledge and local bus “hold acknowledge” or
“grant sequence”; it is LOW during T1 for the first interrupt acknowledge cycle.
BHE
A0
0
0
Whole Word
0
1
Upper Byte from/to Odd Address
1
0
Lower Byte from/to Even Address
1
1
None
READ: Read strobe indicates that the processor is performing a memory or I/O read cycle, depending
on the state of the M/IO or S2 pin. This signal is used to read devices which reside on the HS-80C86RH
local bus. RD is active LOW during T2, T3 and TW of any read cycle, and is guaranteed to remain HIGH
in T2 until the 80C86 local bus has floated.
This line is held at a high impedance logic one state during “hold acknowledge” or “grant sequence”.
READY
22
I
READY: is the acknowledgment from the addressed memory or I/O device that will complete the data
transfer. The RDY signal from memory or I/O is synchronized by the HS-82C85RH Clock Generator to
form READY. This signal is active HIGH. The HS-80C86RH READY input is not synchronized. Correct
operation is not guaranteed if the Setup and Hold Times are not met.
INTR
18
I
INTERRUPT REQUEST: is a level triggered input which is sampled during the last clock cycle of each
instruction to determine if the processor should enter into an interrupt acknowledge operation. If so, an
interrupt service routine is called via an interrupt vector lookup table located in system memory. INTR is
internally synchronized and can be internally masked by software resetting the interrupt enable bit. This
signal is active HIGH.
TEST
23
I
TEST: input is examined by the “Wait” instruction. If the TEST input is LOW execution continues,
otherwise the processor waits in an “Idle” state. This input is synchronized internally during each clock
cycle on the leading edge of CLK.
4
HS-80C86RH
Pin Descriptions
(Continued)
SYMBOL
PIN
NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
NMI
17
I
NON-MASKABLE INTERRUPT: is an edge triggered input which causes a type 2 interrupt. An interrupt
service routine is called via an interrupt vector lookup table located in system memory. NMI is not
maskable internally by software. A transition from LOW to HIGH initiates the interrupt at the end of the
current instruction. This input is internally synchronized.
RESET
21
I
RESET: causes the processor to immediately terminate its present activity. The signal must change from
LOW to HIGH and remain active HIGH for at least 4 CLK cycles. It restarts execution, as described in the
Instruction Set description, when RESET returns LOW. RESET is internally synchronized.
CLK
19
I
CLOCK: provides the basic timing for the processor and bus controller. It is asymmetric with a 33% duty
cycle to provide optimized internal timing.
VDD
40
VDD: +5V power supply pin. A 0.1µF capacitor between pins 20 and 40 is recommended for decoupling.
GND
1, 20
GND: Ground. Note: both must be connected. A 0.1µF capacitor between pins 1 and 20 is
recommended for decoupling.
MN/MX
33
I
MINIMUM/MAXIMUM: Indicates what mode the processor is to operate in. The two modes are discussed
in the following sections.
The following pin function descriptions are for the HS-80C86RH system in maximum mode (i.e., MN/MX = GND). Only the pin functions which are
unique to maximum mode are described below.
S0, S1, S2
26-28
O
5
STATUS: is active during T4, T1 and T2 and is returned to the passive state (1,1,1) during T3 or during
TW when READY is HIGH. This status is used by the 82C88 Bus Controller to generate all memory and
I/O access control signals. Any change by S2, S1, or S0 during T4 is used to indicate the beginning of a
bus cycle, and the return to the passive state in T3 or TW is used to indicate the end of a bus cycle. These
status lines are encoded. These signals are held at a high impedance logic one state during “grant
sequence”.
S2
S1
S0
0
0
0
Interrupt Acknowledge
0
0
1
Read I/O Port
0
1
0
Write I/O Port
0
1
1
Halt
1
0
0
Code Access
1
0
1
Read Memory
1
1
0
Write Memory
1
1
1
Passive
HS-80C86RH
Pin Descriptions
SYMBOL
RQ/GT0
RQ/GT1
(Continued)
PIN
NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
31, 30
I/O
REQUEST/GRANT: pins are used by other local bus masters to force the processor to release the local
bus at the end of the processor’s current bus cycle. Each pin is bidirectional with RQ/GT0 having higher
priority than RQ/GT1. RQ/GT has an internal pull-up bus hold device so it may be left unconnected. The
request/grant sequence is as follows (see RQ/GT Sequence Timing.)
1. A pulse of 1 CLK wide from another local bus master indicates a local bus request (“hold”) to the
HS-80C86RH (pulse 1).
2. During a T4 or T1 clock cycle, a pulse 1 CLK wide from the HS-80C86RH to the requesting master
(pulse 2) indicates that the HS-80C86RH has allowed the local bus to float and that it will enter the
“grant sequence” state at the next CLK. The CPU’s bus interface unit is disconnected logically from
the local bus during “grant sequence”.
3. A pulse 1 CLK wide from the requesting master indicates to the HS-80C86RH (pulse 3) that the “hold”
request is about to end and that the HS-80C86RH can reclaim the local bus at the next CLK. The
CPU then enters T4 (or T1 if no bus cycles pending).
Each Master-Master exchange of the local bus is a sequence of 3 pulses. There must be one idle
CLK cycle after each bus exchange. Pulses are active low.
If the request is made while the CPU is performing a memory cycle, it will release the local bus during
T4 of the cycle when all the following conditions are met:
1. Request occurs on or before T2.
2. Current cycle is not the low byte of a word (on an odd address).
3. Current cycle is not the first acknowledge of an interrupt acknowledge sequence.
4. A locked instruction is not currently executing.
If the local bus is idle when the request is made the two possible events will follow:
1. Local bus will be released during the next cycle.
2. A memory cycle will start within 3 CLKs. Now the four rules for a currently active memory cycle
apply with condition number 1 already satisfied.
LOCK
29
O
LOCK: output indicates that other system bus masters are not to gain control of the system bus while LOCK
is active LOW. The LOCK signal is activated by the “LOCK” prefix instruction and remains active until the
completion of the next instruction. This signal is active LOW, and is held at a HIGH impedance logic one
state during “grant sequence”. In MAX mode, LOCK is automatically generated during T2 of the first INTA
cycle and removed during T2 of the second INTA cycle.
QS1, QS0
24, 25
O
QUEUE STATUS: The queue status is valid during the CLK cycle after which the queue operation is
performed.
QS1 and QS2 provide status to allow external tracking of the internal HS-80C86RH instruction queue.
Note that QS1, QS0 never become high impedance.
QS1
QS0
0
0
No Operation
0
1
First Byte of Opcode from Queue
1
0
Empty the Queue
1
1
Subsequent Byte from Queue
The following pin function descriptions are for the HS-80C86RH in minimum mode (i.e., MN/MX = VDD). Only the pin functions which are unique
to minimum mode are described; all other pin functions are as described below.
M/IO
28
O
STATUS LINE: logically equivalent to S2 in the maximum mode. It is used to distinguish a memory
access from an I/O access. M/IO becomes valid in the T4 preceding a bus cycle and remains valid until
the final T4 of the cycle (M = HIGH, IO = LOW). M/IO is held to a high impedance logic zero during local
bus “hold acknowledge”.
WR
29
O
WRITE: indicates that the processor is performing a write memory or write I/O cycle, depending on the
state of the M/IO signal. WR is active for T2, T3 and TW of any write cycle. It is active LOW, and is held
to high impedance logic one during local bus “hold acknowledge”.
INTA
24
O
INTERRUPT ACKNOWLEDGE: is used as a read strobe for interrupt acknowledge cycles. It is active
LOW during T2, T3 and TW of each interrupt acknowledge cycle. Note that INTA is never floated.
6
HS-80C86RH
Pin Descriptions
(Continued)
SYMBOL
PIN
NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
ALE
25
O
ADDRESS LATCH ENABLE: is provided by the processor to latch the address into the 82C82 latch. It is
a HIGH pulse active during clock LOW of T1 of any bus cycle. Note that ALE is never floated.
DT/R
27
O
DATA TRANSMIT/RECEIVE: is needed in a minimum system that desires to use a data bus transceiver.
It is used to control the direction of data flow through the transceiver. Logically, DT/R is equivalent to S1
in maximum mode, and its timing is the same as for M/IO (T = HlGH, R = LOW). DT/R is held to a high
impedance logic one during local bus “hold acknowledge”.
DEN
26
O
DATA ENABLE: provided as an output enable for a bus transceiver in a minimum system which uses the
transceiver. DEN is active LOW during each memory and I/O access and for INTA cycles. For a read or
INTA cycle it is active from the middle of T2 until the middle of T4, while for a write cycle it is active from
the beginning of T2 until the middle of T4. DEN is held to a high impedance logic one during local bus
“hold acknowledge”.
HOLD
HLDA
31
30
I
O
HOLD: indicates that another master is requesting a local bus “hold”. To be a acknowledged, HOLD must
be active HIGH. The processor receiving the “hold” will issue a “hold acknowledge” (HLDA) in the middle
of a T4 or T1 clock cycle. Simultaneously with the issuance of HLDA, the processor will float the local bus
and control lines. After HOLD is detected as being LOW, the processor will lower HLDA, and when the
processor needs to run another cycle, it will again drive the local bus and control lines.
HOLD is not an asynchronous input. External synchronization should be provided if the system cannot
otherwise guarantee the setup time.
AC Test Circuit
AC Testing Input, Output Waveform
OUTPUT FROM
DEVICE UNDER TEST
TEST POINT
CL (NOTE)
INPUT
VIH
VIL - 0.4V
OUTPUT
VOH
1.5V
Timing Diagrams
F5
READY
4T
READY TIMING AS COMPARED TO F5
F14
F16
PULSE
NMI
RESET, NMI, AND MN/MX TIMING AS COMPARED TO F14 AND F16
NOTES:
4. F0 = 100kHz, 50% duty cycle square wave.
F1 = F0/2, F2 = F1/2 . . . F16 = F15/2.
5. READY, RESET, and NMI timing are as shown: T = 10µs.
6. All signals have rise/fall time limits: 100ns < t-rise, t-fall < 500ns.
7. RESET has a pulse width = 8T and occurs every two cycles of F16.
8. NMI has a pulse width = 4T and occurs every two cycles of F16.
9. MN/MX is a 50% duty cycle square wave and changes every eight cycles of F16.
7
VOH
NOTE: All inputs signals (other than CLK) must switch between VIL
Max -0.4V and VIH Min +0.4. CLK must switch between 0.4V and
VDD -0.4V. TR and TF must be less than or equal to 15ns. CLK TR
and TF must be less than or equal to 10ns.
NOTE: Includes stray and jig capacitance.
RESET
1.5V
HS-80C86RH
Irradiation Circuit
VDD
1
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
R2
VSS
VCC
40
R2
39
2
R2
LOAD
3
38
4
37
LOAD
5
36
LOAD
6
35
LOAD
7
34
LOAD
R2
8
MN/MX
33
9
32
10
HOLD
31
11
HLDA
30
R3
R3
29
LOAD
R2
13
28
LOAD
14
27
LOAD
R2
15
26
LOAD
R2
16
25
LOAD
24
LOAD
R3
R3
R3
CLOCK
17
NMI
18
INTR
TEST
23
19
CLK
READY
22
R3
21
R3
20
GND
RESET
2.7kΩ
LOAD
12
R3
2.7kΩ
LOAD
R2
R2
R2
LOAD
RESET
NOTES:
10. VDD = 5.0V ±0.5V
11. R2 = 3.3kΩ, R3 = 47kΩ
12. Pins Tied to GND: 1-18, 20, 23, 39
Pins Tied to VCC: 22, 31, 33, 40
Pins With Loads: 24-29, 30, 32, 34-38
Pins Brought Out: 19 (Clock), 21 (Reset)
13. Clock and reset should be brought out separately so they can be toggled before irradiation.
14. Group E Sample Size is 2 Die/Wafer.
8
HS-80C86RH
Burn-In Circuits
HS-80C86RH 40 LEAD DIP
HS-80C86RH 40 LEAD DIP
VDD
VDD
CLK
1
40
2
39
3
38
4
37
5
36
6
35
7
34
8
33
9
32
10
31
11
30
12
29
13
28
14
27
15
26
16
25
17
24
18
23
19
22
20
21
1
40
F15
2
39
F16
F14
3
38
LOAD
F13
4
37
LOAD
F12
5
36
LOAD
F11
6
35
LOAD
F10
7
34
LOAD
F9
8
33
MN/MX
F8
9
32
LOAD
F7
10
31
F6
11
30
F5
12
29
LOAD
F4
13
28
LOAD
F3
14
27
LOAD
F2
15
26
LOAD
F1
16
25
LOAD
NMI
17
24
LOAD
18
23
19
22
READY
20
21
RESET
F0
VDD
2.7kΩ
T
T ≥ 5.0µs
LOAD
2.7kΩ
STATIC
NOTES:
DYNAMIC
NOTES:
15. VDD = +6.5V ±10%.
21. VDD = 6.5V ±5% (Burn-In).
16. TA = 125oC Minimum.
22. VDD = 6.0V ±5% (Life Test).
17. Part is Static Sensitive.
23. TA = 125oC.
18. Voltages Must Be Ramped.
24. Package: 40 Lead DIP.
19. Package: 40 Lead DIP.
25. Part is Static Sensitive.
20. Resistors:
10kΩ ±10%
(Pins 17, 18, 21-23, 31, 33)
2.7kΩ ±5% (Pins 2-16, 39)
1.0kΩ ±5% 1/10W Min (Pin 19)
Minimum of 5 CLK Pulses
After Initial Pulses, CLK is Left High
Pulses are 50% Duty Cycle Square Wave
26. Voltage Must Be Ramped.
9
27. Resistors:
10kΩ (Pins 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 33)
3.3kΩ (Pins 2-16, 19, 30, 31, 39)
2.7kΩ Loads As Indicated
All Resistors Are At Least 1/8W, ±10%
F0 = 100kHz, F1 = F0/2, F2 = F1/2 . . .
RESET, NMI low after initialization.
READY pulsed low every 320ms
MN/MX changes state every 5.24s
HS-80C86RH
Burn-In Circuits
(Continued)
HS-80C86RH 42 LEAD FLATPACK
HS-80C86RH 42 LEAD FLATPACK
VDD
1
42
2
41
3
40
4
39
5
38
6
37
7
36
8
35
9
34
10
33
11
32
12
31
13
1
42
F15
2
41
F14
3
40
OPEN
F13
4
39
LOAD
F12
5
38
LOAD
F11
6
37
LOAD
F10
7
36
LOAD
F9
8
35
LOAD
F8
9
34
F7
10
33
F6
11
32
F5
12
31
F4
13
30
LOAD
F3
14
29
LOAD
F2
15
28
LOAD
F1
16
27
LOAD
17
26
LOAD
18
25
LOAD
19
24
20
23
READY
21
22
RESET
30
14
29
15
28
16
27
26
17
CLK
VDD
18
25
19
24
20
23
21
22
OPEN
NMI
F0
F16
MN/MX
LOAD
VDD
2.7kΩ
LOAD
STATIC
NOTES:
DYNAMIC
NOTES:
28. VDD = +6.5V ±10%.
34. VDD = 6.5V ±5% (Burn-In).
29. TA = 125oC Minimum.
35. VDD = 6.0V ±5% (Life Test).
30. Part is Static Sensitive.
36. TA = 125oC.
31. Voltages Must Be Ramped.
37. Package: 42 Lead Flatpack.
32. Package: 42 Lead Flatpack.
38. Part is Static Sensitive.
33. Resistors:
10kΩ ±10%
(Pins 18, 19, 22-24, 32, 34)
2.7kΩ ±5% (Pins 2-16, 41)
1.0kΩ ±5% 1/10W Min (Pin 20)
Minimum of 5 CLK Pulses
After Initial Pulses, CLK is Left High
Pulses are 50% Duty Cycle Square Wave
39. Voltage Must Be Ramped.
10
40. Resistors:
10kΩ (Pins 17, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24, 34)
3.3kΩ (Pins 2-16, 20, 31, 32, 41)
2.7kΩ Loads As Indicated
All Resistors Are At Least 1/8W, ±10%
F0 = 100kHz, F1 = F0/2, F2 = F1/2 . . .
RESET, NMI low after initialization.
READY pulsed low every 320µs
MN/MX changes state every 5.24s
2.7kΩ
HS-80C86RH
Waveforms
T1
T2
T3
T4
TCL2CL1
TCH1CH2
TW
CLK (HS-82C85RH OUTPUT)
TCLDV
TCLAX
TCLAV
AD15-AD0
AD15-AD0
TCLDX2
DATA OUT
TWHDX
TCVCTV
WRITE CYCLE
(NOTE 41)
(RD, INTA,
DT/R = VOH)
TCVCTX
DEN
TCVCTV
TWLWH
WR
TCVCTX
TCLAZ
TDVCL
TCLDX1
POINTER
AD15-AD0
TCHCTV
TCHCTV
DT/R
INTA CYCLE
(NOTES 41, 43)
(RD, WR = VOH
BHE = VOL)
TCVCTV
INTA
TCVCTV
TCVCTX
DEN
SOFTWARE
HALT DEN, RD,
WR, INTA = VOH
INVALID ADDRESS
AD15-AD0
SOFTWARE HALT
TCLAV
DT/R = INDETERMINATE
FIGURE 1. BUS TIMING - MINIMUM MODE SYSTEM
NOTES:
41. All signals switch between VOH and VOL unless otherwise specified.
42. RDY is sampled near the end of T2, T3, TW to determine if TW machines states are to be inserted.
43. Two INTA cycles run back-to-back. The HS-80C86RH local ADDR/DATA bus is inactive during both INTA cycles. Control signals are shown for
the second INTA cycle.
44. Signals at HS-82C85RH are shown for reference only.
45. All timing measurements are made at 1.5V unless otherwise noted.
11
HS-80C86RH
Waveforms
(Continued)
T1
T2
T3
T4
TCL2CL1
TCH1CH2
TCLCL
TW
CLK (HS-82C85RH OUTPUT)
TCHCTV
TCHCL
TCHCTV
TCLCH
M/IO
TCLDV
TCLAX
TCLAV
TCLAV
BHE, A19-A16
BHE/S7, A19/S6-A16/S3
TLHLL
TCLLH
S7-S3
TLLAX
ALE
TR1VCL
TCHLL
VIH
RDY (HS-82C85RH INPUT)
SEE NOTE 49
TAVLL
VIL
TCLRIX
TRYLCL
READY (HS-80C86RH INPUT)
TCHRYX
TRYHCH
TCLDX1
TCLAZ
AD15-AD0
TDVCL
AD15-AD0
DATA IN
TAZRL
TCLRH
TRHAV
RD
READ CYCLE
(NOTE 46)
(WR, INTA = VOH)
TCHCTV
TCLRL
TRLRH
TCHCTV
DT/R
TCVCTV
TCVCTX
DEN
FIGURE 2. BUS TIMING - MINIMUM MODE SYSTEM
NOTES:
46. All signals switch between VOH and VOL unless otherwise specified.
47. RDY is sampled near the end of T2, T3, TW to determine if TW machines states are to be inserted.
48. Two INTA cycles run back-to-back. The HS-80C86RH local ADDR/DATA bus is inactive during both INTA cycles. Control signals are shown for
the second INTA cycle.
49. Signals at HS-82C85RH are shown for reference only.
50. All timing measurements are made at 1.5V unless otherwise noted.
12
HS-80C86RH
Waveforms
(Continued)
T1
T2
TCH1CH2
T3
T4
TCL2CL1 TW
TCLCL
CLK
TCHCL
TCLCH
TCLAV
QS0, QS1
TCHSV
TCLSH
S2, S1, S0 (EXCEPT HALT)
(SEE NOTE 58)
TCLDV
TCLAX
TCLAV
TCLAV
BHE, A19-A16
BHE/S7, A19/S6-A16/S3
S7-S3
TSVLH
TCHLL
TCLLH
ALE (82C88 OUTPUT)
NOTE 55
TR1VCL
RDY
(HS-82C85RH INPUT)
TCLR1X
TRYLCL
READY (HS-80C86RH INPUT)
TCHRYX
TRYHSH
TCLAX
TRYHCH
READ CYCLE
TCLAV
TCLAZ
TDVCL
AD15-AD0
AD15-AD0
TAZRL
TCLDX1
DATA IN
TCLRH
TRHAV
RD
TCHDTL
TRLRH
TCHDTH
TCLRL
DT/R
TCLML
82C88
OUTPUTS
SEE NOTES
55, 56
TCLMH
MRDC OR IORC
TCVNV
DEN
TCVNX
FIGURE 3. BUS TIMING - MAXIMUM MODE SYSTEM
NOTES:
51. All signals switch between VOH and VOL unless otherwise specified.
52. RDY is sampled near the end of T2, T3, TW to determine if TW machines states are to be inserted.
53. Cascade address is valid between first and second INTA cycle.
54. Two INTA cycles run back-to-back. The HS-80C86RH local ADDR/DATA bus is inactive during both INTA cycles. Control for pointer address is
shown for the second INTA cycle.
55. Signals at HS-82C85RH or 82C88 are shown for reference only.
56. The issuance of the 82C88 command and control signals (MRDC, MWTC, AMWC, IORC, IOWC, AIOWC, INTA and DEN) lags the active high
82C88 CEN.
57. All timing measurements are made at 1.5V unless otherwise noted.
58. Status inactive in state just prior to T4.
13
HS-80C86RH
Waveforms
(Continued)
T1
T2
T3
T4
TW
CLK
TCHSV
(SEE
NOTE 66)
S2, S1, S0 (EXCEPT HALT)
TCLAV
WRITE CYCLE
TCLSH
TCLDV
TCLAX
TCLDX2
AD15-AD0
TCVNV
DEN
82C88
OUTPUTS
SEE NOTES
63, 64
TCLMH
TCVNX
TCLML
AMWC OR AIOWC
TCLMH
TCLML
MWTC OR IOWC
INTA CYCLE
AD15-AD0
(SEE NOTES 61, 62)
RESERVED FOR
CASCADE ADDR
TDVCL
TCLAZ
AD15-AD0
POINTER
TCLMCL
TSVMCH
MCE/PDEN
TCLMCH
DT/R
82C88 OUTPUTS
SEE NOTES 63, 64
TCLDX1
TCHDTH
TCHDTL
TCLML
INTA
TCVNV
TCLMH
DEN
TCVNX
SOFTWARE
HALT - RD, MRDC, IORC, MWTC, AMWC, IOWC, AIOWC, INTA, S0, S1 = VOH
INVALID ADDRESS
AD15-AD0
TCLAV
S2
TCHSV
TCLSH
FIGURE 4. BUS TIMING - MAXIMUM MODE SYSTEM (USING 82C88)
NOTES:
59. All signals switch between VOH and VOL unless otherwise specified.
60. RDY is sampled near the end of T2, T3, TW to determine if TW machines states are to be inserted.
61. Cascade address is valid between first and second INTA cycle.
62. Two INTA cycles run back-to-back. The HS-80C86RH local ADDR/DATA bus is inactive during both INTA cycles. Control for pointer address is
shown for the second INTA cycle.
63. Signals at HS-82C85RH or 82C88 are shown for reference only.
64. The issuance of the 82C88 command and control signals (MRDC, MWTC, AMWC, IORC, IOWC, AIOWC, INTA and DEN) lags the active high
82C88 CEN.
65. All timing measurements are made at 1.5V unless otherwise noted.
66. Status inactive in state just prior to T4.
14
HS-80C86RH
Waveforms
(Continued)
CLK
ANY CLK CYCLE
ANY CLK CYCLE
TINVCH (SEE NOTE)
NMI
INTR
CLK
SIGNAL
TCLAV
TCLAV
TEST
LOCK
NOTE: Setup Requirements for asynchronous signals only to
guarantee recognition at next CLK.
FIGURE 5. ASYNCHRONOUS SIGNAL RECOGNITION
FIGURE 6. BUS LOCK SIGNAL TIMING (MAXIMUM MODE
ONLY)
ANY
CLK
CYCLE
TCLGL
≥ 0-CLK
CYCLES
TCLGH
CLK
TCLGH
TGVCH
TCHGX
TCLCL
RQ/GT
PULSE 1
COPROCESSOR
RQ
PREVIOUS GRANT
AD15-AD0
PULSE 2
HS-80C86RH
GT
PULSE 3
COPROCESSOR
RELEASE
TCLAZ
HS-80C86RH
TCHSZ
(SEE NOTE) TCHSV
RD, LOCK
BHE/S7, A19/S6-A16/S3
S2, S1, S0
NOTE: The coprocessor may not drive the buses outside the region shown without risking contention.
FIGURE 7. REQUEST/GRANT SEQUENCE TIMING (MAXIMUM MODE ONLY)
≥ 1CLK
CYCLE
1 OR 2
CYCLES
CLK
THVCH
THVCH
HOLD
TCLHAV
TCLHAV
HLDA
TCLAZ
AD15-AD0
80C86
COPROCESSOR
TCHSZ
BHE/S7, A19/S6-A16/S3
RD, WR, M/IO, DT/R, DEN
FIGURE 8. HOLD/HOLD ACKNOWLEDGE TIMING (MINIMUM MODE ONLY)
15
80C86
HS-80C86RH
Functional Description
Static Operation
All HS-80C86RH circuitry is of static design. Internal
registers, counters and latches are static and require no
refresh as with dynamic circuit design. This eliminates the
minimum operating frequency restriction placed on other
microprocessors. The CMOS HS-80C86RH can operate
from DC to 5MHz. The processor clock may be stopped in
either state (HIGH/LOW) and held there indefinitely. This
type of operation is especially useful for system debug or
power critical applications.
Memory Organization
The processor provides a 20-bit address to memory, which
locates the byte being referenced. The memory is
organized as a linear array of up to 1 million bytes,
addressed as 00000(H) to FFFFF(H). The memory is
logically divided into code, data, extra and stack segments
of up to 64K bytes each, with each segment falling on 16
byte boundaries. (See Figure 9).
FFFFFH
64K BIT
The HS-80C86RH can be single stepped using only the CPU
clock. This state can be maintained as long as is necessary.
Single step clock operation allows simple interface circuitry to
provide critical information for bringing up your system.
Static design also allows very low frequency operation
(down to DC). In a power critical situation, this can provide
extremely low power operation since HS-80C86RH power
dissipation is directly related to operating frequency. As the
system frequency is reduced, so is the operating power until,
ultimately, at a DC input frequency, the HS-80C86RH power
requirement is the standby current, (500µA maximum).
CODE SEGMENT
XXXXOH
STACK SEGMENT
+ OFFSET
SEGMENT
REGISTER FILE
DATA SEGMENT
CS
SS
DS
ES
Internal Architecture
EXTRA SEGMENT
The internal functions of the HS-80C86RH processor are
partitioned logically into two processing units. The first is the
Bus Interface Unit (BIU) and the second is the Execution
Unit (EU) as shown in the CPU functional diagram.
00000H
FIGURE 9. HS-80C86RH MEMORY ORGANIZATION
These units can interact directly but for the most part
perform as separate asynchronous operational processors.
The bus interface unit provides the functions related to
instruction fetching and queuing, operand fetch and store,
and address relocation. This unit also provides the basic bus
control. The overlap of instruction pre-fetching provided by
this unit serves to increase processor performance through
improved bus bandwidth utilization. Up to 6 bytes of the
instruction stream can be queued while waiting for decoding
and execution.
The instruction stream queuing mechanism allows the BlU to
keep the memory utilized very efficiently. Whenever there is
space for at least 2 bytes in the queue, the BlU will attempt a
word fetch memory cycle. This greatly reduces “dead-time”
on the memory bus. The queue acts as a First-In-First-Out
(FlFO) buffer, from which the EU extracts instruction bytes
as required. If the queue is empty (following a branch
instruction, for example), the first byte into the queue
immediately becomes available to the EU.
The execution unit receives pre-fetched instructions from the
BlU queue and provides un-relocated operand addresses to
the BlU. Memory operands are passed through the BlU for
processing by the EU, which passes results to the BlU for
storage.
16
TABLE 1.
DEFAULT
SEGMENT
BASE
ALTERNATE
SEGMENT
BASE
Instruction Fetch
CS
None
IP
Stack Operation
SS
None
SP
Variable
(Except Following)
DS
CS, ES, SS
Effective
Address
String Source
DS
CS, ES, SS
SI
String Destination
ES
None
DI
BP Used as Base
Register
SS
CS, DS, ES
TYPE OF MEMORY
REFERENCE
OFFSET
Effective
Address
All memory references are made relative to base addresses
contained in high speed segment registers. The segment
types were chosen based on the addressing needs of
programs. The segment register to be selected is
automatically chosen according to the specific rules of
Table 1. All information in one segment type share the same
logical attributes (e.g., code or data). By structuring memory
HS-80C86RH
into relocatable areas of similar characteristics and by
automatically selecting segment registers, programs are
shorter, faster and more structured. (See Table 1).
Word (16-bit) operands can be located on even or odd
address boundaries and are thus not constrained to even
boundaries as is the case in many 16-bit computers. For
address and data operands, the least significant byte of the
word is stored in the lower valued address location and the
most significant byte in the next higher address location. The
BlU automatically performs the proper number of memory
accesses, one if the word operand is on an even byte
boundary and two if it is on an odd byte boundary. Except for
the performance penalty, this double access is transparent to
the software. The performance penalty does not occur for
instruction fetches; only word operands.
Physically, the memory is organized as a high bank (D15D6) and a low bank (D7-D0) of 512K bytes addressed in
parallel by the processor’s address lines.
Byte data with even addresses is transferred on the D7-D0
bus lines while odd addressed byte data (A0 HIGH) is
transferred on the D15-D6 bus lines. The processor provides
two enable signals, BHE and A0, to selectively allow reading
from or writing into either an odd byte location, even byte
location, or both. The instruction stream is fetched from
memory as words and is addressed internally by the
processor at the byte level as necessary.
In referencing word data, the BlU requires one or two
memory cycles depending on whether the starting byte of
the word is on an even or odd address, respectively.
Consequently, in referencing word operands performance
can be optimized by locating data on even address
boundaries. This is an especially useful technique for using
the stack, since odd address references to the stack may
adversely affect the context switching time for interrupt
processing or task multiplexing.
Certain locations in memory are reserved for specific CPU
operations (See Figure 10). Locations from address FFFF0H
through FFFFFH are reserved for operations including a
jump to the initial program loading routine. Following RESET,
the CPU will always begin execution at location FFFF0H
where the jump must be located. Locations 00000H through
003FFH are reserved for interrupt operations. Each of the
256 possible interrupt service routines is accessed through
its own pair of 16-bit pointers - segment address pointer and
offset address pointer. The first pointer, used as the offset
address, is loaded into the 1P and the second pointer, which
designates the base address is loaded into the CS. At this
point program control is transferred to the interrupt routine.
The pointer elements are assumed to have been stored at
the respective places in reserved memory prior to
occurrence of interrupts.
17
FFFFFH
RESET BOOTSTRAP
PROGRAM JUMP
FFFFOH
3FFH
INTERRUPT POINTER
FOR TYPE 255
3FCH
7H
INTERRUPT POINTER
FOR TYPE 1
INTERRUPT POINTER
FOR TYPE 0
4H
3H
0H
FIGURE 10. RESERVED MEMORY LOCATIONS
Minimum and Maximum Operation Modes
The requirements for supporting minimum and maximum
HS-80C86RH systems are sufficiently different that they
cannot be met efficiently using 40 uniquely defined pins.
Consequently, the HS-80C86RH is equipped with a strap pin
(MN/MX) which defines the system configuration. The
definition of a certain subset of the pins changes, dependent
on the condition of the strap pin. When the MN/MX pin is
strapped to GND, the HS-80C86RH defines pins 24 through
31 and 34 in maximum mode. When the MN/MX pin is
strapped to VDD, the HS-80C86RH generates bus control
signals itself on pins 24 through 31 and 34.
Bus Operation
The HS-80C86RH has a combined address and data bus
commonly referred to as a time multiplexed bus. This
technique provides the most efficient use of pins on the
processor while permitting the use of a standard 40-lead
package. This “local bus” can be buffered directly and used
throughout the system with address latching provided on
memory and I/O modules. In addition, the bus can also be
demultiplexed at the processor with a single set of 82C82
latches if a standard non-multiplexed bus is desired for
the system.
Each processor bus cycle consists of at least four CLK
cycles. These are referred to as T1, T2, T3 and T4 (see
Figure 11). The address is emitted from the processor
during T1 and data transfer occurs on the bus during T3 and
T4. T2 is used primarily for changing the direction of the bus
during read operations. In the event that a “NOT READY”
indication is given by the addressed device, “Wait” states
(TW) are inserted between T3 and T4. Each inserted wait
state is the same duration as a CLK cycle. Idle periods occur
between HS-80C86RH driven bus cycles whenever the
processor performs internal processing.
During T1 of any bus cycle, the ALE (Address Latch Enable)
signal is emitted (by either the processor or the 82C88 bus
controller, depending on the MN/MX strap). At the trailing
edge of this pulse, a valid address and certain status
information for the cycle may be latched.
HS-80C86RH
Status bits S0, S1 and S2 are used by the bus controller, in
maximum mode, to identify the type of bus transaction
according to Table 2.
TABLE 3.
S4
S3
CHARACTERISTICS
0 (Low)
0
Alternate Data (extra segment)
0
1
Stack
1 (High)
0
Code or None
1
1
Data
TABLE 2.
S2
S1
S0
CHARACTERISTICS
0
0
0
Interrupt Acknowledge
0
0
1
Read I/O Port
0
1
0
Write I/O Port
S5 is a reflection of the PSW interrupt enable bit. S6 is
always zero and S7 is a spare status bit.
0
1
1
Halt
I/O Addressing
1
0
0
Instruction Fetch
1
0
1
Read Data from Memory
1
1
0
Write Data to Memory
1
1
1
Passive (no bus cycle)
Status bits S3 through S7 are time multiplexed with high order
address bits and the BHE signal, and are therefore valid
during T2 through T4. S3 and S4 indicate which segment
register (see Instruction Set Description) was used for this bus
cycle in forming the address, according to Table 3.
18
In the HS-80C86RH, I/O operations can address up to a
maximum of 64K I/O byte registers or 32K I/O word
registers. The I/O address appears in the same format as
the memory address on bus lines A15-A0. The address lines
A19-A16 are zero in I/O operations. The variable I/O
instructions which use register DX as a pointer have full
address capability while the direct I/O instructions directly
address one or two of the 256 I/O byte locations in page 0 of
the I/O address space.
I/O ports are addressed in the same manner as memory
locations. Even addressed bytes are transferred on the
D7-D0 bus lines and odd addressed bytes on D15-D8. Care
must be taken to ensure that each register within an 8-bit
peripheral located on the lower portion of the bus be
addressed as even.
HS-80C86RH
(4 + NWAIT) = TCY
T1
T2
T3
TWAIT
(4 + NWAIT) = TCY
T4
T1
T2
T3
TWAIT
T4
CLK
GOES INACTIVE IN THE STATE
JUST PRIOR TO T4
ALE
S2-S0
ADDR/
STATUS
ADDR/DATA
BHE,
A19-A16
S7-S3
D15-D0
VALID
A15-A0
A15-A0
DATA OUT (D15-D0)
RD, INTA
READY
READY
READY
WAIT
WAIT
DT/R
DEN
MEMORY ACCESS TIME
WP
FIGURE 11. BASIC SYSTEM TIMING
External Interface
Processor RESET and lnitialization
Processor initialization or start up is accomplished with
activation (HIGH) of the RESET pin. The HS-80C86RH
RESET is required to be HIGH for greater than 4 CLK
cycles. The HS-80C86RH will terminate operations on the
high-going edge of RESET and will remain dormant as long
as RESET is HIGH. The low-going transition of RESET
triggers an internal reset sequence for approximately 7 CLK
cycles. After this interval, the HS-80C86RH operates
normally beginning with the instruction in absolute location
FFFFOH. (See Figure 10). The RESET input is internally
synchronized to the processor clock. At initialization, the
19
HIGH-to-LOW transition of RESET must occur no sooner
than 50µs (or 4 CLK cycles, whichever is greater) after
power-up, to allow complete initialization of the
HS-80C86RH.
NMl will not be recognized prior to the second clock cycle
following the end of RESET. If NMI is asserted sooner than
9 CLK cycles after the end of RESET, the processor may
execute one instruction before responding to the interrupt.
Bus Hold Circuitry
To avoid high current conditions caused by floating inputs to
CMOS devices and to eliminate need for pull- up/down
resistors, “bus-hold” circuitry has been used on the
HS-80C86RH pins 2-16, 26-32 and 34-39. (See Figures 12A
HS-80C86RH
and 12B). These circuits will maintain the last valid logic
state if no driving source is present (i.e., an unconnected pin
or a driving source which goes to a high impedance state).
To overdrive the “bus hold” circuits, an external driver must
be capable of supplying approximately 400µA minimum sink
or source current at valid input voltage levels. Since this “bus
hold” circuitry is active and not a “resistive” type element, the
associated power supply current is negligible and power
dissipation is significantly reduced when compared to the
use of passive pull-up resistors.
BOND
PAD
EXTERNAL
PIN
OUTPUT
DRIVER
INPUT
BUFFER
INPUT
PROTECTION
CIRCUITRY
FIGURE 12A. BUS HOLD CIRCUITRY PIN 2-16, 34-39
Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI)
The processor provides a single non-maskable interrupt pin
(NMl) which has higher priority than the maskable interrupt
request pin (INTR). A typical use would be to activate a
power failure routine. The NMl is edge-triggered on a LOWto-HIGH transition. The activation of this pin causes a type 2
interrupt.
NMl is required to have a duration in the HIGH state of
greater than 2 CLK cycles, but is not required to be
synchronized to the clock. Any positive transition of NMl is
latched on-chip and will be serviced at the end of the current
instruction or between whole moves of a block-type
instruction. Worst case response to NMl would be for
multiply, divide, and variable shift instructions. There is no
specification on the occurrence of the low-going edge; it may
occur before, during or after the servicing of NMl. Another
positive edge triggers another response if it occurs after the
start of the NMl procedure. The signal must be free of logical
spikes in general and be free of bounces on the low-going
edge to avoid triggering extraneous responses.
Maskable Interrupt (INTR)
BOND
PAD
VCC
OUTPUT
DRIVER
INPUT
BUFFER
EXTERNAL
PIN
P
INPUT
PROTECTION
CIRCUITRY
FIGURE 12B. BUS HOLD CIRCUITRY PIN 26-32
Interrupt Operations
Interrupt operations fall into two classes: software or
hardware initiated. The software initiated interrupts and
software aspects of hardware interrupts are specified in the
Instruction Set Description. Hardware interrupts can be
classified as non-maskable or maskable.
Interrupts result in a transfer of control to a new program
location. A 256-element table containing address pointers to
the interrupt service routine locations resides in absolute
locations 0 through 3FFH, which are reserved for this
purpose. Each element in the table is 4 bytes in size and
corresponds to an interrupt “type”. An interrupting device
supplies an 8-bit type number during the interrupt
acknowledge sequence, which is used to “vector” through
the appropriate element to the interrupt service routine
location. All flags and both the Code Segment and
Instruction Pointer register are saved as part of the INTA
sequence. These are restored upon execution of an Interrupt
Return (lRET) instruction.
20
The HS-80C86RH provides a single interrupt request input
(INTR) which can be masked internally by software with the
resetting of the interrupt enable flag (IF) status bit. The
interrupt request signal is level triggered. It is internally
synchronized during each clock cycle on the high-going
edge of CLK. To be responded to, INTR must be present
(HIGH) during the clock period preceding the end of the
current instruction or the end of a whole move for a blocktype instruction. INTR may be removed anytime after the
falling edge of the first INTA signal. During the interrupt
response sequence further interrupts are disabled. The
enable bit is reset as part of the response to any interrupt
(INTR, NMl, software interrupt or single-step), although the
FLAGS register which is automatically pushed onto the stack
reflects the state of the processor prior to the interrupt. Until
the old FLAGS register is restored the enable bit will be zero
unless specifically set by an instruction.
During the response sequence (Figure 13) the processor
executes two successive (back-to-back) interrupt
acknowledge cycles. The HS-80C86RH emits the LOCK
signal (Max mode only) from T2 of the first bus cycle until T2
of the second. A local bus “hold” request will not be honored
until the end of the second bus cycle. In the second bus
cycle, a byte is supplied to the HS-80C86RH by the
HS-82C89ARH Interrupt Controller, which identifies the
source (type) of the interrupt. This byte is multiplied by four
and used as a pointer into the interrupt vector lookup table.
An INTR signal left HIGH will be continually responded to
within the limitations of the enable bit and sample period.
The INTERRUPT RETURN instruction includes a FLAGS
pop which returns the status of the original interrupt enable
bit when it restores the FLAGS.
HS-80C86RH
T1
T2
T3
T4
TI
T1
T2
T3
T4
ALE
LOCK
INTA
AD0AD15
If a local bus request occurs during WAIT execution, the
HS-80C86RH three-states all output drivers while inputs and
I/O pins are held at valid logic levels by internal bus-hold
circuits. If interrupts are enabled, the HS-80C86RH will
recognize interrupts and process them when it regains control
of the bus. The WAIT instruction is then refetched, and
reexecuted.
Basic System Timing
FLOAT
TYPE
VECTOR
FIGURE 13. INTERRUPT ACKNOWLEDGE SEQUENCE
Halt
When a software “HALT” instruction is executed the
processor indicates that it is entering the “HALT” state in one
of two ways depending upon which mode is strapped. In
minimum mode, the processor issues one ALE with no
qualifying bus control signals. In maximum mode the
processor issues appropriate HALT status on S2, S1, S0
and the 82C88 bus controller issues one ALE. The
HS-80C86RH will not leave the “HALT” state when a local
bus “hold” is entered while in “HALT”. In this case, the
processor reissues the HALT indicator at the end of the local
bus hold. An NMl or interrupt request (when interrupts
enabled) or RESET will force the HS-80C86RH out of the
“HALT” state.
Typical system configurations for the processor operating in
minimum mode and in maximum mode are shown in Figures
14A and 14B, respectively. In minimum mode, the MN/MX
pin is strapped to VDD and the processor emits bus control
signals (e.g. RD, WR, etc.) directly. In maximum mode, the
MN/MX pin is strapped to GND and the processor emits
coded status information which the 82C88 bus controller
used to generate Multibus™ compatible bus control signals.
Figure 11 shows the signal timing relationships.
TABLE 4. HS-80C86RH REGISTER MODEL
AX
AH
AL
ACCUMULATOR
BX
BH
BL
BASE
CX
CH
CL
COUNT
DX
DH
DL
DATA
SP
STACK POINTER
BP
BASE POINTER
SI
SOURCE INDEX
Read/Modify/Write (Semaphore)
DI
DESTINATION INDEX
Operations Via Lock
IP
INSTRUCTION POINTER
The LOCK status information is provided by the processor
when consecutive bus cycles are required during the
execution of an instruction. This gives the processor the
capability of performing read/modify/write operations on
memory (via the Exchange Register With Memory
instruction, for example) without another system bus master
receiving intervening memory cycles. This is useful in
multiprocessor system configurations to accomplish “test
and set lock” operations. The LOCK signal is activated
(forced LOW) in the clock cycle following decoding of the
software “LOCK” prefix instruction. It is deactivated at the
end of the last bus cycle of the instruction following the
“LOCK” prefix instruction. While LOCK is active a request on
a RQ/GT pin will be recorded and then honored at the end of
the LOCK.
External Synchronization Via TEST
As an alternative to interrupts, the HS-80C86RH provides a
single software-testable input pin (TEST). This input is
utilized by executing a WAIT instruction. The single WAIT
instruction is repeatedly executed until the TEST input goes
active (LOW). The execution of WAIT does not consume bus
cycles once the queue is full.
21
FLAGSH
FLAGSL
STATUS FLAGS
CS
CODE SEGMENT
DS
DATA SEGMENT
SS
STACK SEGMENT
ES
EXTRA SEGMENT
System Timing - Minimum System
The read cycle begins in T1 with the assertion of the
Address Latch Enable (ALE) signal. The trailing (low-going)
edge of this signal is used to latch the address information,
which is valid on the address/data bus (AD0-AD15) at this
time, into the 82C82 latches. The BHE and A0 signals
address the low, high or both bytes. From T1 to T4 the M/IO
signal indicates a memory or I/O operation. At T2, the
address is removed from the address/data bus and the bus
is held at the last valid logic state by internal bus hold
devices. The read control signal is also asserted at T2. The
read (RD) signal causes the addressed device to enable its
data bus drivers to the local bus. Some time later, valid data
will be available on the bus and the addressed device will
drive the READY line HIGH. When the processor returns the
read signal to a HIGH level, the addressed device will three-
Multibus™ is a trademark of Intel Corporation.
HS-80C86RH
state its bus drivers. If a transceiver is required to buffer the
HS-80C86RH local bus, signals DT/R and DEN are provided
by the HS-80C86RH.
A write cycle also begins with the assertion of ALE and the
emission of the address. The M/IO signal is again asserted
to indicate a memory or I/O write operation. In T2,
immediately following the address emission, the processor
emits the data to be written into the addressed location. This
data remains valid until at least the middle of T4. During T2,
T3 and TW, the processor asserts the write control signal.
The write (WR) signal becomes active at the beginning of T2
as opposed to the read which is delayed somewhat into T2
to provide time for output drivers to become inactive.
The BHE and A0 signals are used to select the proper
byte(s) of the memory/IO word to be read or written
according to Table 5.
TABLE 5.
BHE
A0
CHARACTERISTICS
0
0
Whole word
0
1
Upper byte from/to odd address
1
0
Lower byte from/to even address
1
1
None
I/O ports are addressed in the same manner as memory
location. Even addressed bytes are transferred on the D7-D0
bus lines and odd address bytes on D15-D6.
The basic difference between the interrupt acknowledge
cycle and a read cycle is that the interrupt acknowledge
signal (INTA) is asserted in place of the read (RD) signal and
the address bus is held at the last valid logic state by internal
bus hold devices. (See Figures 12A, 12B). In the second of
two successive INTA cycles a byte of information is read
from the data bus (D7-D0) as supplied by the interrupt
system logic (i.e., HS-82CS9ARH Priority Interrupt
Controller). This byte identifies the source (type) of the
interrupt. It is multiplied by four and used as a pointer into an
interrupt vector Iookup table, as described earlier.
22
Bus Timing - Medium and Large Size Systems
For medium complexity systems the MN/MX pin is
connected to GND and the 82C88 Bus Controller is added to
the system as well as three 82C82 latches for latching the
system address, and a transceiver to allow for bus loading
greater than the HS-80C86RH is capable of handling. Bus
control signals are generated by the 82C88 instead of the
processor in this configuration, although their timing remains
relatively the same. The HS-80C86RH status outputs (S2,
S1, and S0) provide type-of-cycle information and become
82C88 inputs. This bus cycle information specifies read
(code, data or I/O), write (data or I/O), interrupt
acknowledge, or software halt. The 82C88 issues control
signals specifying memory read or write, I/O read or write, or
interrupt acknowledge. The 82C88 provides two types of
write strobes, normal and advanced, to be applied as
required. The normal write strobes have data valid at the
leading edge of write. The advanced write strobes have the
same timing as read strobes, and hence, data is not valid at
the leading edge of write. The transceiver receives the usual
T and 0E inputs from the 82C88 DT/R and DEN signals.
For large multiple processor systems, the 82C89 bus arbiter
must be added to the system to provide system bus
management. In this case, the pointer into the interrupt
vector table, which is passed during the second INTA cycle,
can be derived from an HS-82C59ARH located on either the
local bus or the system bus. The processor’s INTA output
should drive the SYSB/RESB input of the 82C89 to the
proper state when reading the interrupt vector number from
the HS-82C59ARH during the interrupt acknowledge
sequence and software “poll”.
A Note on Radiation Hardened Product Availability
There are no immediate plans to develop the 82C88 Bus
Controller or the 82C89 Arbiter as radiation hardened
integrated circuits.
A Note on SEU Capability of the HS-80C86RH
Previous heavy ion testing of the HS-80C86RH has
indicated that the SEU threshold of this part is about
6MEV/mg/cm2. Based upon these results and other
analysis, a deep space galactic cosmic-ray environment will
result in an SEU rate of about 0.08 upsets/day.
HS-80C86RH
VDD
RES
MN/MX
CLK
S0
READY
S1
RESET
S2
HS-82C85RH
CLOCK
CONTROLLER/
GENERATOR
RDY
GND
HS-80C86RH
CPU
GND
WAIT
STATE
GENERATOR
LOCK
CLK
MRDC
MWTC
S0
82C88 AMWC
S1
BUS
S2 CTRLR IORC
IOWC
DEN
DT/R
AIOWC
ALE
INTA
NC
NC
NC
STB
GND
GND
1
VDD
AD0-AD15
A16-A19
C1
OE
ADDR/DATA
BHE
20
ADDR
82C82
(2 OR 3)
GND
C2
40
T/R
VDD
OE
HS-82C08RH
TRANSCEIVER
(2)
C1 = C2 = 0.1µF
DATA
A0
BHE
W
E
G
HS-6617RH
CMOS PROM (2)
2K x 8 2K x 8
E
HS-65262RH
CMOS RAM (16)
16K x 1
CS
RDWR
CMOS
HS-82CXXRH
PERIPHERALS
FIGURE 14A. MAXIMUM MODE HS-80C86RH TYPICAL CONFIGURATION
VDD
RES
VDD
MN/MX
CLK
M/IO
READY INTA
RESET RD
WR
HS-82C85RH
CLOCK
CONTROLLER/
GENERATOR
RDY
DT/R
DEN
GND
WAIT
STATE
GENERATOR
HS-80C86RH
CPU
ALE
GND
1
VDD
C1
AD0-AD15
A16-A19
BHE
20
STB
GND
ADDR/DATA
OE
ADDR
82C82
(2 OR 3)
GND
C2
40
VDD
T/R
OE
HS-82C08RH
TRANSCEIVER
(2)
C1 = C2 = 0.1µF
OPTIONAL
FOR INCREASED
DATA BUS DRIVE
DATA
A0
BHE
W
E
HS-65262RH
CMOS RAM (16)
16K x 1
E
G
HS-6617RH
CMOS PROM (2)
2K x 8 2K x 8
FIGURE 14B. MINIMUM MODE HS-80C86RH TYPICAL CONFIGURATION
23
CS
RDWR
CMOS
HS-82CXXRH
PERIPHERALS
HS-80C86RH
Instruction Set Summary
INSTRUCTION CODE
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
76543210
76543210
76543210
76543210
data if w 1
DATA TRANSFER
MOV = MOVE:
Register/Memory to/from Register
100010dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate to Register/Memory
1100011w
mod 0 0 0 r/m
data
1 0 1 1 w reg
data
data if w 1
Memory to Accumulator
1010000w
addr-low
addr-high
Accumulator to Memory
1010001w
addr-low
addr-high
Register/Memory to Segment Register ††
10001110
mod 0 reg r/m
Segment Register to Register/Memory
10001100
mod 0 reg r/m
11111111
mod 1 1 0 r/m
Immediate to Register
PUSH = Push:
Register/Memory
Register
0 1 0 1 0 reg
Segment Register
0 0 0 reg 1 1 0
POP = Pop:
Register/Memory
10001111
Register
mod 0 0 0 r/m
0 1 0 1 1 reg
Segment Register
0 0 0 reg 1 1 1
XCHG = Exchange:
Register/Memory with Register
1000011w
Register with Accumulator
mod reg r/m
1 0 0 1 0 reg
IN = Input from:
Fixed Port
1110010w
Variable Port
1110110w
port
OUT = Output to:
Fixed Port
1110011w
Variable Port
1110111w
XLAT = Translate Byte to AL
11010111
LEA = Load EA to Register 2
10001101
port
mod reg r/m
LDS = Load Pointer to DS
11000101
mod reg r/m
LES = Load Pointer to ES
11000100
mod reg r/m
LAHF = Load AH with Flags
10011111
SAHF = Store AH into Flags
10011110
PUSHF = Push Flags
10011100
POPF = Pop Flags
10011101
24
HS-80C86RH
Instruction Set Summary
(Continued)
INSTRUCTION CODE
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
76543210
76543210
76543210
76543210
Register/Memory with Register to Either
000000dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate to Register/Memory
100000sw
mod 0 0 0 r/m
data
data if s:w = 01
Immediate to Accumulator
0000010w
data
data if w = 1
Register/Memory with Register to Either
000100dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate to Register/Memory
100000sw
mod 0 1 0 r/m
data
Immediate to Accumulator
0001010w
data
data if w = 1
1111111w
mod 0 0 0 r/m
ARITHMETIC
ADD = Add:
ADC = Add with Carry:
data if s:w = 01
INC = Increment:
Register/Memory
Register
0 1 0 0 0 reg
AAA = ASCll Adjust for Add
00110111
DAA = Decimal Adjust for Add
00100111
SUB = Subtract:
Register/Memory and Register to Either
001010dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate from Register/Memory
100000sw
mod 1 0 1 r/m
data
Immediate from Accumulator
0010110w
data
data if w = 1
000110dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate from Register/Memory
100000sw
mod 0 1 1 r/m
data
Immediate from Accumulator
0001110w
data
data if w = 1
1111111w
mod 0 0 1 r/m
data if s:w = 01
SBB = Subtract with Borrow:
Register/Memory and Register to Either
data if s:w = 01
DEC = Decrement:
Register/Memory
Register
0 1 0 0 1 reg
NEG = Change Sign
1111011w
mod 0 1 1 r/m
Register/Memory and Register
001110dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate with Register/Memory
100000sw
mod 1 1 1 r/m
data
Immediate with Accumulator
0011110w
data
data if w = 1
AAS = ASCll Adjust for Subtract
00111111
CMP = Compare:
DAS = Decimal Adjust for Subtract
00101111
MUL = Multiply (Unsigned)
1111011w
mod 1 0 0 r/m
IMUL = Integer Multiply (Signed)
1111011w
mod 1 0 1 r/m
AAM = ASCll Adjust for Multiply
11010100
00001010
DlV = Divide (Unsigned)
1111011w
mod 1 1 0 r/m
IDlV = Integer Divide (Signed)
1111011w
mod 1 1 1 r/m
AAD = ASClI Adjust for Divide
11010101
00001010
CBW = Convert Byte to Word
10011000
CWD = Convert Word to Double Word
10011001
25
data if s:w = 01
HS-80C86RH
Instruction Set Summary
(Continued)
INSTRUCTION CODE
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
76543210
76543210
NOT = Invert
1111011w
mod 0 1 0 r/m
SHL/SAL = Shift Logical/Arithmetic Left
110100vw
mod 1 0 0 r/m
SHR = Shift Logical Right
110100vw
mod 1 0 1 r/m
SAR = Shift Arithmetic Right
110100vw
mod 1 1 1 r/m
ROL = Rotate Left
110100vw
mod 0 0 0 r/m
ROR = Rotate Right
110100vw
mod 0 0 1 r/m
RCL = Rotate Through Carry Flag Left
110100vw
mod 0 1 0 r/m
RCR = Rotate Through Carry Right
110100vw
mod 0 1 1 r/m
76543210
76543210
data if w = 1
LOGIC
AND = And:
Reg./Memory and Register to Either
0010000dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate to Register/Memory
1000000w
mod 1 0 0 r/m
data
Immediate to Accumulator
0010010w
data
data if w = 1
Register/Memory and Register
1000010w
mod reg r/m
Immediate Data and Register/Memory
1111011w
mod 0 0 0 r/m
data
Immediate Data and Accumulator
1010100w
data
data if w = 1
Register/Memory and Register to Either
000010dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate to Register/Memory
1000000w
mod 1 0 1 r/m
data
Immediate to Accumulator
0000110w
data
data if w = 1
Register/Memory and Register to Either
001100dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate to Register/Memory
1000000w
mod 1 1 0 r/m
data
Immediate to Accumulator
0011010w
data
data if w = 1
disp-high
TEST = And Function to Flags, No Result:
data if w = 1
OR = Or:
data if w = 1
XOR = Exclusive or:
STRING MANIPULATION
REP = Repeat
1111001z
MOVS = Move Byte/Word
1010010w
CMPS = Compare Byte/Word
1010011w
SCAS = Scan Byte/Word
1010111w
LODS = Load Byte/Word to AL/AX
1010110w
STOS = Store Byte/Word from AL/A
1010101w
CONTROL TRANSFER
CALL = Call:
Direct Within Segment
11101000
disp-low
Indirect Within Segment
11111111
mod 0 1 0 r/m
Direct Intersegment
10011010
offset-low
offset-high
seg-low
seg-high
Indirect Intersegment
11111111
26
mod 0 1 1 r/m
data if w = 1
HS-80C86RH
Instruction Set Summary
(Continued)
INSTRUCTION CODE
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
76543210
76543210
76543210
Direct Within Segment
11101001
disp-low
disp-high
Direct Within Segment-Short
11101011
disp
Indirect Within Segment
11111111
mod 1 0 0 r/m
Direct Intersegment
11101010
offset-low
offset-high
Direct Intersegment
11101010
offset-low
offset-high
seg-low
seg-high
JMP = Unconditional Jump:
Indirect Intersegment
11111111
mod 1 0 1 r/m
RET = Return from CALL:
Within Segment
11000011
Within Seg Adding lmmed to SP
11000010
Intersegment
11001011
data-low
data-high
Intersegment Adding Immediate to SP
11001010
data-low
data-high
JE/JZ = Jump on Equal/Zero
01110100
disp
JL/JNGE = Jump on Less/Not Greater or Equal
01111100
disp
JLE/JNG = Jump on Less or Equal/ Not Greater
01111110
disp
JB/JNAE = Jump on Below/Not Above or Equal
01110010
disp
JBE/JNA = Jump on Below or Equal/Not Above
01110110
disp
JP/JPE = Jump on Parity/Parity Even
01111010
disp
JO = Jump on Overflow
01110000
disp
JS = Jump on Sign
01111000
disp
JNE/JNZ = Jump on Not Equal/Not Zero
01110101
disp
JNL/JGE = Jump on Not Less/Greater or Equal
01111101
disp
JNLE/JG = Jump on Not Less or Equal/Greater
01111111
disp
JNB/JAE = Jump on Not Below/Above or Equal
01110011
disp
JNBE/JA = Jump on Not Below or Equal/Above
01110111
disp
JNP/JPO = Jump on Not Par/Par Odd
01111011
disp
JNO = Jump on Not Overflow
01110001
disp
JNS = Jump on Not Sign
01111001
disp
LOOP = Loop CX Times
11100010
disp
LOOPZ/LOOPE = Loop While Zero/Equal
11100001
disp
LOOPNZ/LOOPNE = Loop While Not Zero/Equal
11100000
disp
JCXZ = Jump on CX Zero
11100011
disp
Type Specified
11001101
type
Type 3
11001100
INT = Interrupt
INTO = Interrupt on Overflow
11001110
IRET = Interrupt Return
11001111
27
76543210
HS-80C86RH
Instruction Set Summary
(Continued)
INSTRUCTION CODE
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
76543210
76543210
76543210
76543210
PROCESSOR CONTROL
CLC = Clear Carry
11111000
CMC = Complement Carry
11110101
STC = Set Carry
11111001
CLD = Clear Direction
11111100
STD = Set Direction
11111101
CLl = Clear Interrupt
11111010
ST = Set Interrupt
11111011
HLT = Halt
11110100
WAIT = Wait
10011011
ESC = Escape (to External Device)
11011xxx
LOCK = Bus Lock Prefix
11110000
NOTES:
AL = 8-bit accumulator
AX = 16-bit accumulator
CX = Count register
DS= Data segment
ES = Extra segment
Above/below refers to unsigned value.
Greater = more positive;
Less = less positive (more negative) signed values
if d = 1 then “to” reg; if d = 0 then “from” reg
if w = 1 then word instruction; if w = 0 then byte instruction
if mod = 11 then r/m is treated as a REG field
if mod = 00 then DISP = O†, disp-low and disp-high are absent
if mod = 01 then DISP = disp-low sign-extended 16-bits, disp-high is absent
if mod = 10 then DISP = disp-high:disp-low
if r/m = 000 then EA = (BX) + (SI) + DISP
if r/m = 001 then EA = (BX) + (DI) + DISP
if r/m = 010 then EA = (BP) + (SI) + DISP
if r/m = 011 then EA = (BP) + (DI) + DISP
if r/m = 100 then EA = (SI) + DISP
if r/m = 101 then EA = (DI) + DISP
if r/m = 110 then EA = (BP) + DISP †
if r/m = 111 then EA = (BX) + DISP
DISP follows 2nd byte of instruction (before data if required)
† except if mod = 00 and r/m = 110 then EA = disp-high: disp-low.
†† MOV CS, REG/MEMORY not allowed.
mod x x x r/m
if s:w = 01 then 16 bits of immediate data form the operand.
if s:w. = 11 then an immediate data byte is sign extended
to form the 16-bit operand.
if v = 0 then “count” = 1; if v = 1 then “count” in (CL)
x = don't care
z is used for string primitives for comparison with ZF FLAG.
SEGMENT OVERRIDE PREFIX
001 reg 11 0
REG is assigned according to the following table:
16-BIT (w = 1)
8-BIT (w = 0)
SEGMENT
000 AX
000 AL
00 ES
001 CX
001 CL
01 CS
010 DX
010 DL
10 SS
011 BX
011 BL
11 DS
100 SP
100 AH
00 ES
101 BP
101 CH
00 ES
110 SI
110 DH
00 ES
111 DI
111 BH
00 ES
Instructions which reference the flag register file as a 16-bit object
use the symbol FLAGS to represent the file:
FLAGS =
X:X:X:X:(OF):(DF):(IF):(TF):(SF):(ZF):X:(AF):X:(PF):X:(CF)
28
Mnemonics ” Intel, 1978
HS-80C86RH
Die Characteristics
DIE DIMENSIONS:
Top Metallization:
6370µm x 7420µm x 485µm
Type: Al/Si
Thickness: 11kÅ ±2kÅ
INTERFACE MATERIALS:
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
Glassivation:
Worst Case Current Density:
Thickness: 8kÅ ±1kÅ
<2 x 105A/cm2
(37) A17/S4
(38) AD16
(39) AD15
(40) VCC
(1) GND
(3) AD13
(2) AD14
HS-80C86RH
(4) AD12
(5) AD11
Metallization Mask Layout
(36) A18/S5
(35) A19/S6
AD10 (6)
AD9 (7)
(34) BHE/S7
(33) MN/MX
AD8 (8)
(32) RD
AD7 (9)
(31) RQ/GT0
AD6 (10)
AD5 (11)
(30) RQ/GT1
AD4 (12)
(29) LOCK
AD3 (13)
(28) S2
AD2 (14)
(27) S1
AD1 (15)
QS0 (25)
QSI (21)
TEST (23)
READY (22)
RESET (21)
GND (20)
CLK (19)
INTR (18)
AD0 (16)
NMI (17)
(26) S0
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29