LM2936 Ultra-Low Quiescent Current LDO Voltage Regulator General Description Features The LM2936 ultra-low quiescent current regulator features low dropout voltage and low current in the standby mode. With less than 15 µA quiescent current at a 100 µA load, the LM2936 is ideally suited for automotive and other battery operated systems. The LM2936 retains all of the features that are common to low dropout regulators including a low dropout PNP pass device, short circuit protection, reverse battery protection, and thermal shutdown. The LM2936 has a 40V maximum operating voltage limit, a −40˚C to +125˚C operating temperature range, and ± 3% output voltage tolerance over the entire output current, input voltage, and temperature range. The LM2936 is available in a TO-92 package, SO-8 and SOT–23 surface mount packages, and a TO-252 surface mount power package. n n n n n n n n n n n n Ultra low quiescent current (IQ ≤ 15 µA for IO = 100 µA) Fixed 3.0V, 3.3V or 5.0V with 50 mA output ± 2% Initial output tolerance ± 3% Output tolerance over line, load, and temperature Dropout voltage typically 200 mV @ IO = 50 mA Reverse battery protection −50V reverse transient protection Internal short circuit current limit Internal thermal shutdown protection 40V operating voltage limit 60V operating voltage limit for LM2936HV Shutdown Pin available with LM2936BM package Typical Application 00975901 * Required if regulator is located more than 2" from power supply filter capacitor. ** Required for stability. See Electrical Characteristics for required values. Must be rated over intended operating temperature range. Effective series resistance (ESR) is critical, see curve. Locate capacitor as close as possible to the regulator output and ground pins. Capacitance may be increased without bound. © 2006 National Semiconductor Corporation DS009759 www.national.com LM2936 Ultra-Low Quiescent Current LDO Voltage Regulator October 2006 LM2936 Connection Diagrams TO-252 SOT-223 00975926 00975925 Top View LM2936DT See NS Package Number TD03B Top View LM2936MP See NS Package Number MP04A 8-Pin SO (M) 8-Pin SO (M) 00975906 00975927 Top View LM2936M and LM2936HVMA See NS Package Number M08A Top View LM2936BM and LM2936HVBMA See NS Package Number M08A TO-92 8-Pin Mini SOIC (MM) 00975902 Bottom View LM2936Z See NS Package Number Z03A www.national.com 00975928 Top View LM2936MM See NS Package Number MUA08A 2 Output High Shutdown Voltage Voltage Pin 3.00V 3.30V 5.00V Order Package Type Package Drawing Transport Media - Yes LM2936BM-3.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Rail - Yes LM2936BMX-3.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Tape/Reel - - LM2936DT-3.0 TO-252 TD03B Rail - - LM2936DTX-3.0 TO-252 TD03B Tape/Reel Yes Yes LM2936HVBMA-3.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Rail Yes Yes LM2936HVBMAX3.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Tape/Reel - - LM2936M-3.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Rail - - LM2936MX-3.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Tape/Reel - - LM2936MP-3.0 SOT-223 MP04A Tape/Reel - - LM2936MPX-3.0 SOT-223 MP04A Tape/Reel - - LM2936MM-3.0 8-Lead Mini SOIC MUA08A Rail - - LM2936MMX-3.0 8-Lead Mini SOIC MUA08A Tape/Reel - - LM2936Z-3.0 TO-92 Z03A Box - Yes LM2936BM-3.3 8-Lead SOIC M08A Rail - Yes LM2936BMX-3.3 8-Lead SOIC M08A Tape/Reel - - LM2936DT-3.3 TO-252 TD03B Rail - - LM2936DTX-3.3 TO-252 TD03B Tape/Reel Yes Yes LM2936HVBMA-3.3 8-Lead SOIC M08A Rail Yes Yes LM2936HVBMAX3.3 8-Lead SOIC M08A Tape/Reel - - LM2936M-3.3 8-Lead SOIC M08A Rail - - LM2936MX-3.3 8-Lead SOIC M08A Tape/Reel - - LM2936MP-3.3 SOT-223 MP04A Tape/Reel - - LM2936MPX-3.3 SOT-223 MP04A Tape/Reel - - LM2936MM-3.3 8-Lead Mini- SOIC MUA08A Rail - - LM2936MMX-3.3 8-Lead Mini- SOIC MUA08A Tape/Reel - - LM2936Z-3.3 TO-92 Z03A Box - Yes LM2936BM-5.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Rail - Yes LM2936BMX-5.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Tape/Reel - - LM2936DT-5.0 TO-252 TD03B Rail - - LM2936DTX-5.0 TO-252 TD03B Tape/Reel Yes Yes LM2936HVBMA-5.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Rail Yes Yes LM2936HVBMAX5.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Tape/Reel Yes - LM2936HVMA-5.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Rail Yes - LM2936HVMAX-5.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Tape/Reel LM2936M-5.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Rail - - LM2936MX-5.0 8-Lead SOIC M08A Tape/Reel - - LM2936MP-5.0 SOT-223 MP04A Tape/Reel - - LM2936MPX-5.0 SOT-223 MP04A Tape/Reel - - LM2936MM-5.0 8-Lead Mini-SOIC MUA08A Rail - - LM2936MMX-5.0 8-Lead Mini-SOIC MUA08A Tape/Reel - - LM2936Z-5.0 TO-92 Z03A Box 3 www.national.com LM2936 Ordering Information LM2936 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Operating Ratings If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Input Voltage (Survival) Operating Temperature Range +60V, −50V ESD Susceptibility (Note 2) 2000V Power Dissipation (Note 3) Internally limited Junction Temperature (TJmax) +40V Maximum Operating Input Voltage LM2936HV only +60V Maximum Shutdown Pin Voltage LM2936BM only 150˚C Storage Temperature Range −40˚C to +125˚C Maximum Operating Input Voltage LM2936 0V to 40V −65˚C to +150˚C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) 260˚C TO-92 (Z03A) θJA 195˚C/W MSO-8 (MUA08A) θJA 200˚C/W SO-8 (M08A) θJA 140˚C/W SO-8 (M08A) θJC 45˚C/W TO-252 (TD03B) θJA 136˚C/W TO-252 (TD03B) θJC 6˚C/W SOT-223 (MP04A) θJA 149˚C/W SOT-223 (MP04A) θJC 36˚C/W Electrical Characteristics for LM2936–3.0 VIN = 14V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25˚C, unless otherwise specified. Boldface limits apply over entire operating temperature range Parameter Conditions Min (Note 5) Typical (Note 4) Max (Note 5) Units 2.910 3.000 3.090 V 10 30 mV LM2936HV–3.0 Only Output Voltage 5.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 48V, 100 µA ≤ IO ≤ 50 mA (Note 6) Line Regulation 6V ≤ VIN ≤ 60V, IO = 1mA All LM2936–3.0 2.940 3.000 3.060 2.910 3.000 3.090 Output Voltage 4.0V ≤ VIN ≤ 26V, 100 µA ≤ IO ≤ 50 mA (Note 6) Quiescent Current IO = 100 µA, 8V ≤ VIN ≤ 24V 15 20 µA IO = 10 mA, 8V ≤ VIN ≤ 24V 0.20 0.50 mA IO = 50 mA, 8V ≤ VIN ≤ 24V 1.5 2.5 mA 5 10 mV V Line Regulation 9V ≤ VIN ≤ 16V 6V ≤ VIN ≤ 40V, IO = 1 mA 10 30 Load Regulation 100 µA ≤ IO ≤ 5 mA 10 30 5 mA ≤ IO ≤ 50 mA 10 30 IO = 100 µA 0.05 0.10 IO = 50 mA 0.20 0.40 V 120 250 mA Dropout Voltage Short Circuit Current VO = 0V Output Impedance IO = 30 mAdc and 10 mArms, Output Noise Voltage 10 Hz–100 kHz f 65 450 mV V mΩ = 1000 Hz 500 µV 20 mV/1000 Hr −40 −60 dB −50 −80 V Long Term Stability Ripple Rejection Vripple = 1Vrms, Reverse Polarity RL = 500Ω, T = 1 ms fripple = 120 Hz Transient Input Voltage Output Voltage with VIN = −15V, RL = 500Ω 0.00 −0.30 V Reverse Polarity Input Maximum Line Transient www.national.com RL = 500Ω, VO ≤ 3.30V, T = 40ms 4 60 V (Continued) VIN = 14V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25˚C, unless otherwise specified. Boldface limits apply over entire operating temperature range Parameter Output Bypass Capacitance (COUT) ESR Min (Note 5) Conditions COUT = 22µF 0.1mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 50mA Typical (Note 4) 0.3 Max (Note 5) Units 8 Ω 0.010 V Shutdown Input − LM2936BM–3.0 Only Output Voltage, VOUT Output Off, VSD=2.4V, RLOAD = 500Ω Shutdown High Threshold Voltage, VIH Output Off, RLOAD = 500Ω Shutdown Low Threshold Voltage, VIL Output On, RLOAD = 500Ω 1.1 Shutdown High Current, IIH Output Off, VSD = 2.4V, RLOAD = 500Ω 12 µA Quiescent Current Output Off, VSD = 2.4V, RLOAD = 500Ω Includes IIH Current 30 µA 0 2.00 1.1 V 0.60 V Electrical Characteristics for LM2936–3.3 VIN = 14V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25˚C, unless otherwise specified. Boldface limits apply over entire operating temperature range Parameter Conditions Min (Note 5) Typical (Note 4) Max (Note 5) Units 3.201 3.300 3.399 V 10 30 mV LM2936HV–3.3 Only Output Voltage 5.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 48V, 100 µA ≤ IO ≤ 50 mA (Note 6) Line Regulation 6V ≤ VIN ≤ 60V, IO = 1mA All LM2936–3.3 3.234 3.300 3.366 3.201 3.300 3.399 Output Voltage 4.0V ≤ VIN ≤ 26V, 100 µA ≤ IO ≤ 50 mA (Note 6) Quiescent Current IO = 100 µA, 8V ≤ VIN ≤ 24V 15 20 µA IO = 10 mA, 8V ≤ VIN ≤ 24V 0.20 0.50 mA IO = 50 mA, 8V ≤ VIN ≤ 24V 1.5 2.5 mA mV Line Regulation Load Regulation Dropout Voltage 9V ≤ VIN ≤ 16V 5 10 6V ≤ VIN ≤ 40V, IO = 1 mA 10 30 100 µA ≤ IO ≤ 5 mA 10 30 5 mA ≤ IO ≤ 50 mA 10 30 IO = 100 µA 0.05 0.10 IO = 50 mA 0.20 0.40 V 120 250 mA Short Circuit Current VO = 0V Output Impedance IO = 30 mAdc and 10 mArms, f Output Noise Voltage V 65 450 mV V mΩ = 1000 Hz 10 Hz–100 kHz 500 µV 20 mV/1000 Hr −40 −60 dB −50 −80 V Long Term Stability Ripple Rejection Vripple = 1Vrms, Reverse Polarity RL = 500Ω, T = 1 ms fripple = 120 Hz Transient Input Voltage Output Voltage with VIN = −15V, RL = 500Ω 0.00 −0.30 V Reverse Polarity Input Maximum Line Transient RL = 500Ω, VO ≤ 3.63V, T = 40ms 5 60 V www.national.com LM2936 Electrical Characteristics for LM2936–3.0 LM2936 Electrical Characteristics for LM2936–3.3 (Continued) VIN = 14V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25˚C, unless otherwise specified. Boldface limits apply over entire operating temperature range Parameter Output Bypass Capacitance (COUT) ESR Min (Note 5) Conditions COUT = 22µF 0.1mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 50mA Typical (Note 4) 0.3 Max (Note 5) Units 8 Ω 0.010 V Shutdown Input − LM2936BM–3.3 Only Output Voltage, VOUT Output Off, VSD=2.4V, RLOAD = 500Ω Shutdown High Threshold Voltage, VIH Output Off, RLOAD = 500Ω Shutdown Low Threshold Voltage, VIL Output On, RLOAD = 500Ω 1.1 Shutdown High Current, IIH Output Off, VSD = 2.4V, RLOAD = 500Ω 12 µA Quiescent Current Output Off, VSD = 2.4V, RLOAD = 500Ω Includes IIH Current 30 µA 0 2.00 1.1 V 0.60 V Electrical Characteristics for LM2936–5.0 VIN = 14V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25˚C, unless otherwise specified. Boldface limits apply over entire operating temperature range Parameter Conditions Min (Note 5) Typical (Note 4) Max (Note 5) Units 4.85 5.00 5.15 V 15 35 mV LM2936HV–5.0 Only Output Voltage 5.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 48V, 100 µA ≤ IO ≤ 50 mA (Note 6) Line Regulation 6V ≤ VIN ≤ 60V, IO = 1mA All LM2936–5.0 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.85 5.00 5.15 Output Voltage 5.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 26V, 100 µA ≤ IO ≤ 50 mA (Note 6) Quiescent Current IO = 100 µA, 8V ≤ VIN ≤ 24V 9 15 µA IO = 10 mA, 8V ≤ VIN ≤ 24V 0.20 0.50 mA IO = 50 mA, 8V ≤ VIN ≤ 24V 1.5 2.5 mA 9V ≤ VIN ≤ 16V 5 10 mV 6V ≤ VIN ≤ 40V, IO = 1 mA 10 30 Line Regulation Load Regulation Dropout Voltage 100 µA ≤ IO ≤ 5 mA 10 30 5 mA ≤ IO ≤ 50 mA 10 30 IO = 100 µA 0.05 0.10 IO = 50 mA 0.20 0.40 V 120 250 mA Short Circuit Current VO = 0V Output Impedance IO = 30 mAdc and 10 mArms, f Output Noise Voltage V 65 450 mV V mΩ = 1000 Hz 10 Hz–100 kHz 500 µV 20 mV/1000 Hr −40 −60 dB −50 −80 V Long Term Stability Ripple Rejection Vripple = 1Vrms, Reverse Polarity RL = 500Ω, T = 1 ms fripple = 120 Hz Transient Input Voltage Output Voltage with VIN = −15V, RL = 500Ω 0.00 −0.30 V Reverse Polarity Input Maximum Line Transient www.national.com RL = 500Ω, VO ≤ 5.5V, T = 40ms 6 60 V (Continued) VIN = 14V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25˚C, unless otherwise specified. Boldface limits apply over entire operating temperature range Parameter Min (Note 5) Conditions Output Bypass Capacitance (COUT) ESR COUT = 10µF 0.1mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 50mA Typical (Note 4) Max (Note 5) Units 8 Ω 0.010 V 0.3 Shutdown Input − LM2936BM–5.0 Only Output Voltage, VOUT Output Off, VSD=2.4V, RLOAD = 500Ω Shutdown High Threshold Voltage, VIH Output Off, RLOAD = 500Ω Shutdown Low Threshold Voltage, VIL Output On, RLOAD = 500Ω 1.1 Shutdown High Current, IIH Output Off, VSD = 2.4V, RLOAD = 500Ω 12 µA Quiescent Current Output Off, VSD = 2.4V, RLOAD = 500Ω Includes IIH Current 30 µA 0 2.00 1.1 V 0.60 V Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. DC and AC electrical specifications do not apply when operating the device beyond its specified operating ratings. Note 2: Human body model, 100 pF discharge through a 1.5 kΩ resistor. Note 3: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJmax, θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is PD = (TJmax − TA)/θJA. If this dissipation is exceeded, the die temperature will rise above 150˚C and the LM2936 will go into thermal shutdown. Note 4: Typicals are at 25˚C (unless otherwise specified) and represent the most likely parametric norm. Note 5: Datasheet min/max specification limits are guaranteed by design, test, or statistical analysis. Note 6: To ensure constant junction temperature, pulse testing is used. Typical Performance Characteristics Maximum Power Dissipation (TO-92) Dropout Voltage 00975907 00975908 7 www.national.com LM2936 Electrical Characteristics for LM2936–5.0 LM2936 Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Dropout Voltage Quiescent Current 00975909 00975910 Quiescent Current Quiescent Current 00975912 00975911 Quiescent Current Quiescent Current 00975914 00975913 www.national.com 8 LM2936 Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) LM2936–5.0 COUT ESR LM2936–3.0 COUT ESR 00975915 00975929 LM2936–3.3 COUT ESR Peak Output Current 00975916 00975930 Peak Output Current LM2936–5.0 Current Limit 00975917 00975918 9 www.national.com LM2936 Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) LM2936–5.0 Output at Voltage Extremes LM2936–5.0 Line Transient Response 00975920 00975919 LM2936–5.0 Ripple Rejection LM2936–5.0 Load Transient Response 00975921 00975922 LM2936–5.0 Low Voltage Behavior LM2936–5.0 Output Impedance 00975923 www.national.com 00975924 10 Unlike other PNP low dropout regulators, the LM2936 remains fully operational to 40V. Owing to power dissipation characteristics of the available packages, full output current cannot be guaranteed for all combinations of ambient temperature and input voltage. As an example, consider an LM2936Z–5.0 operating at 25˚C ambient. Using the formula for maximum allowable power dissipation given in (Note 3) , we find that PDmax = 641 mW at 25˚C. Including the small contribution of the quiescent current to total power dissipation the maximum input voltage (while still delivering 50 mA output current) is 17.3V. The LM2936Z–5.0 will go into thermal shutdown if it attempts to deliver full output current with an input voltage of more than 17.3V. Similarly, at 40V input and 25˚C ambient the LM2936Z–5.0 can deliver 18 mA maximum. Under conditions of higher ambient temperatures, the voltage and current calculated in the previous examples will drop. For instance, at the maximum ambient of 125˚C the LM2936Z–5.0 can only dissipate 128 mW, limiting the input voltage to 7.34V for a 50 mA load, or 3.5 mA output current for a 40V input. The junction to ambient thermal resistance θJA rating has two distinct components: the junction to case thermal resistance rating θJC; and the case to ambient thermal resistance rating θCA. The relationship is defined as: θJA = θJC + θCA. For the SO-8 and TO-252 surface mount packages the θJA rating can be improved by using the copper mounting pads on the printed circuit board as a thermal conductive path to extract heat from the package. On the TO-252 package the ground tab is thermally connected to the backside of the die. Adding 1 square inch of 2 oz. copper pad area directly under the ground tab will improve the θJA rating to approximately 50˚C/W. While the LM2936 has an internally set thermal shutdown point of typically 160˚C, this is intended as a safety feature only. Continuous operation near the thermal shutdown temperature should be avoided as it may have a negative affect on the life of the device. While the LM2936 maintains regulation to 60V, it will not withstand a short circuit above 40V because of safe operating area limitations in the internal PNP pass device. Above 60V the LM2936 will break down with catastrophic effects on the regulator and possibly the load as well. Do not use this device in a design where the input operating voltage may exceed 40V, or where transients are likely to exceed 60V. SHUTDOWN PIN The LM2936BM has a pin for shutting down the regulator output. Applying a Logic Level High ( > 2.0V) to the Shutdown pin will cause the output to turn off. Leaving the Shutdown pin open, connecting it to Ground, or applying a Logic Level Low ( < 0.6V) will allow the regulator output to turn on. 11 www.national.com LM2936 On the SO-8 package the four ground pins are thermally connected to the backside of the die. Adding approximately 0.04 square inches of 2 oz. copper pad area to these four pins will improve the θJA rating to approximately 110˚C/W. If this extra pad are is placed directly beneath the package there should not be any impact on board density. Applications Information www.national.com 12 Equivalent Schematic Diagram 00975905 LM2936 LM2936 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted 8-Lead Small Outline Molded Package (M) NS Package Number M08A TO-252 Package (DT) NS Package Number TD03B 13 www.national.com LM2936 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) 3-Lead TO-92 Plastic Package (Z) NS Package Number Z03A SOT-223 Package (MP) NS Package Number MP04A www.national.com 14 LM2936 Ultra-Low Quiescent Current LDO Voltage Regulator Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) 8-Lead Mini SOIC package (MM) NS Package Number MUA08A National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications. For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com. 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