LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Low-Voltage (1.24V) Adjustable Precision Shunt Regulators General Description Features The LMV431, LMV431A and LMV431B are precision 1.24V shunt regulators capable of adjustment to 30V. Negative feedback from the cathode to the adjust pin controls the cathode voltage, much like a non-inverting op amp configuration (Refer to Symbol and Functional diagrams). A two resistor voltage divider terminated at the adjust pin controls the gain of a 1.24V band-gap reference. Shorting the cathode to the adjust pin (voltage follower) provides a cathode voltage of a 1.24V. The LMV431, LMV431A and LMV431B have respective initial tolerances of 1.5%, 1% and 0.5%, and functionally lends themselves to several applications that require zener diode type performance at low voltages. Applications include a 3V to 2.7V low drop-out regulator, an error amplifier in a 3V off-line switching regulator and even as a voltage detector. These parts are typically stable with capacitive loads greater than 10nF and less than 50pF. n Low Voltage Operation/Wide Adjust Range (1.24V/30V) n 0.5% Initial Tolerance (LMV431B) n Temperature Compensated for Industrial Temperature Range (39 PPM/˚C for the LMV431AI) n Low Operation Current (55µA) n Low Output Impedance (0.25Ω) n Fast Turn-On Response n Low Cost The LMV431, LMV431A and LMV431B provide performance at a competitive price. Applications n n n n n n n Shunt Regulator Series Regulator Current Source or Sink Voltage Monitor Error Amplifier 3V Off-Line Switching Regulator Low Dropout N-Channel Series Regulator Connection Diagrams TO92: Plastic Package SOT23-3 10095801 Top View 10095867 SOT23-5 Top View 10095844 *Pin 1 is not internally connected. *Pin 2 is internally connected to Anode pin. Pin 2 should be either floating or connected to Anode pin. Top View © 2003 National Semiconductor Corporation DS100958 www.national.com LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Low-Voltage (1.24V) Adjustable Precision Shunt Regulators August 2003 LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Symbol and Functional Diagrams 10095859 10095860 Simplified Schematic 10095803 www.national.com 2 Package Temperature Range Voltage Tolerance Part Number Package Marking LMV431AIZ Industrial Range −40˚C to +85˚C TO92 Commerial Range 0˚C to +70˚C Industrial Range −40˚C to +85˚C SOT23-5 Commercial Range 0˚C to +70˚C SOT23-3 Industrial Range −40˚ to +85˚C 1% LMV431AIZ 1.5% LMV431IZ LMV431IZ 0.5% LMV431BCZ LMV431BCZ 1% LMV431ACZ LMV431ACZ 1.5% LMV431CZ LMV431CZ 1% LMV431AIM5 N08A 1% LMV431AIM5X N08A 1.5% LMV431IM5 N08B 1.5% LMV431IM5X N08B 0.5% LMV431BCM5 N09C 0.5% LMV431BCM5X N09C 1% LMV431ACM5 N09A 1% LMV431ACM5X N09A 1.5% LMV431CM5 N09B 1.5% LMV431CM5X N09B 0.5% LMV431BIMF 0.5% LMV431BIMFX 1% LMV431AIMF 1% LMV431AIMFX NSC Drawing Z03A MF05A RLB MF03A RLA DC/AC Test Circuits for Table and Curves 10095805 Note: VZ = VREF (1 + R1/R2) + IREF • R1 FIGURE 2. Test Circuit for VZ > VREF 10095804 FIGURE 1. Test Circuit for VZ = VREF 10095806 FIGURE 3. Test Circuit for Off-State Current 3 www.national.com LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Ordering Information LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Absolute Maximum Ratings Cathode Current (Note 1) Temperature range If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Storage Temperature Range −65˚C to +150˚C −40˚C to +85˚C Commercial (LMV431AC, LMV431C, LMV431BC) −40˚C ≤ TA ≤ 85˚C LMV431AI Thermal Resistance (θJA)(Note 3) Operating Temperature Range Industrial (LMV431AI, LMV431I) 0.1 mA to 15mA SOT23-5, -3 Package 455 ˚C/W TO-92 Package 161 ˚C/W Derating Curve (Slope = −1/θJA) 0˚C to +70˚C Lead Temperature TO92 Package/SOT23 -5,-3 Package (Soldering, 10 sec.) 265˚C Internal Power Dissipation (Note 2) TO92 0.78W SOT23-5, -3 Package 0.28W Cathode Voltage 35V Continuous Cathode Current −30 mA to +30mA Reference Input Current range −.05mA to 3mA 10095830 Operating Conditions Cathode Voltage VREF to 30V LMV431C Electrical Characteristics TA = 25˚C unless otherwise specified Symbol VREF VDEV Parameter Reference Voltage Conditions VZ = VREF, IZ = 10mA (See Figure 1 ) Min Typ Max TA = 25˚C 1.222 1.24 1.258 TA = Full Range 1.21 Deviation of Reference Input Voltage Over Temperature (Note 4) VZ = VREF, IZ = 10mA, TA = Full Range (See Figure 1) Ratio of the Change in Reference Voltage to the Change in Cathode Voltage IZ = 10mA (see Figure 2 ) VZ from VREF to 6V R1 = 10k, R2 = ∞ and 2.6k Reference Input Current R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ II = 10mA (see Figure 2) Deviation of Reference Input Current over Temperature R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞, II = 10mA, TA = Full Range (see Figure 2) IZ(MIN) Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation VZ = VREF (see Figure 1) IZ(OFF) Off-State Current rZ Dynamic Output Impedance (Note 5) IREF ∝IREF www.national.com Units 1.27 V 4 12 mV −1.5 −2.7 mV/V 0.5 µA 0.15 0.05 0.3 µA 55 80 µA VZ =6V, VREF = 0V (see Figure 3 ) 0.001 0.1 µA VZ = VREF, IZ = 0.1mA to 15mA Frequency = 0Hz (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 Ω 4 Symbol VREF VDEV Parameter Reference Voltage Conditions VZ = VREF, IZ = 10mA (See Figure 1 ) Min Typ Max TA = 25˚C 1.222 1.24 1.258 TA = Full Range 1.202 Deviation of Reference Input Voltage Over Temperature (Note 4) VZ = VREF, IZ = 10mA, TA = Full Range (See Figure 1) Ratio of the Change in Reference Voltage to the Change in Cathode Voltage IZ = 10mA (see Figure 2 ) VZ from VREF to 6V R1 = 10k, R2 = ∞ and 2.6k Reference Input Current R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ II = 10mA (see Figure 2) Deviation of Reference Input Current over Temperature R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞, II = 10mA, TA = Full Range (see Figure 2) IZ(MIN) Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation VZ = VREF (see Figure 1) IZ(OFF) Off-State Current rZ Dynamic Output Impedance (Note 5) IREF ∝IREF 1.278 Units V 6 20 mV −1.5 −2.7 mV/V 0.15 0.5 µA 0.1 0.4 µA 55 80 µA VZ = 6V, VREF = 0V (see Figure 3 ) 0.001 0.1 µA VZ = VREF, IZ = 0.1mA to 15mA Frequency = 0Hz (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 Ω Units LMV431AC Electrical Characteristics TA = 25˚C unless otherwise specified Symbol VREF VDEV Parameter Reference Voltage Conditions VZ = VREF, IZ = 10 mA (See Figure 1 ) Min Typ Max TA = 25˚C 1.228 1.24 1.252 TA = Full Range 1.221 Deviation of Reference Input Voltage Over Temperature (Note 4) VZ = VREF, IZ = 10mA, TA = Full Range (See Figure 1) Ratio of the Change in Reference Voltage to the Change in Cathode Voltage IZ = 10 mA (see Figure 2 ) VZ from VREF to 6V R1 = 10k, R2 = ∞ and 2.6k Reference Input Current R1 = 1 kΩ, R2 = ∞ II = 10 mA (see Figure 2) Deviation of Reference Input Current over Temperature R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞, II = 10 mA, TA = Full Range (see Figure 2) IZ(MIN) Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation VZ = VREF (see Figure 1) IZ(OFF) Off-State Current rZ Dynamic Output Impedance (Note 5) IREF ∝IREF 1.259 V 4 12 mV −1.5 −2.7 mV/V 0.15 0.50 µA 0.05 0.3 µA 55 80 µA VZ = 6V, VREF = 0V (see Figure 3 ) 0.001 0.1 µA VZ = VREF, IZ = 0.1mA to 15mA Frequency = 0 Hz (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 Ω 5 www.national.com LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B LMV431I Electrical Characteristics TA = 25˚C unless otherwise specified LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B LMV431AI Electrical Characteristics TA = 25˚C unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max TA = 25˚C 1.228 1.24 1.252 TA = Full Range 1.215 VREF Reference Voltage VZ = VREF, IZ = 10mA (See Figure 1 ) VDEV Deviation of Reference Input Voltage Over Temperature (Note 4) VZ = VREF, IZ = 10mA, TA = Full Range (See Figure 1) Ratio of the Change in Reference Voltage to the Change in Cathode Voltage IZ = 10mA (see Figure 2 ) VZ from VREF to 6V R1 = 10k, R2 = ∞ and 2.6k IREF Reference Input Current R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ II = 10mA (see Figure 2) ∝IREF Deviation of Reference Input Current over Temperature R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞, II = 10mA, TA = Full Range (see Figure 2) IZ(MIN) Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation VZ = VREF (see Figure 1) IZ(OFF) Off-State Current rZ Dynamic Output Impedance (Note 5) Units 1.265 V 6 20 mV −1.5 −2.7 mV/V 0.15 0.5 µA 0.1 0.4 µA 55 80 µA VZ = 6V, VREF = 0V (see Figure 3 ) 0.001 0.1 µA VZ = VREF, IZ = 0.1mA to 15mA Frequency = 0Hz (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 Ω Units LMV431BC Electrical Characteristics TA = 25˚C unless otherwise specified Symbol VREF VDEV Parameter Reference Voltage Conditions VZ = VREF, IZ = 10mA (See Figure 1 ) Min Typ Max TA = 25˚C 1.234 1.24 1.246 TA = Full Range 1.227 Deviation of Reference Input Voltage Over Temperature (Note 4) VZ = VREF, IZ = 10mA, TA = Full Range (See Figure 1) Ratio of the Change in Reference Voltage to the Change in Cathode Voltage IZ = 10mA (see Figure 2 ) VZ from VREF to 6V R1 = 10k, R2 = ∞ and 2.6k IREF Reference Input Current R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ II = 10mA (see Figure 2) ∝IREF Deviation of Reference Input Current over Temperature R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞, II = 10mA, TA = Full Range (see Figure 2) IZ(MIN) Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation VZ = VREF (see Figure 1) IZ(OFF) Off-State Current rZ Dynamic Output Impedance (Note 5) 1.253 V 4 12 mV −1.5 −2.7 mV/V 0.15 0.50 µA 0.05 0.3 µA 55 80 µA VZ = 6V, VREF = 0V (see Figure 3 ) 0.001 0.1 µA VZ = VREF, IZ = 0.1mA to 15mA Frequency = 0Hz (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 Ω Units LMV431BI Electrical Characteristics TA = 25˚C unless otherwise specified Symbol VREF VDEV IREF Parameter Reference Voltage Conditions VZ = VREF, IZ = 10mA (See Figure 1 ) Min Typ Max TA = 25˚C 1.234 1.24 1.246 TA = Full Range 1.224 Deviation of Reference Input Voltage Over Temperature (Note 4) VZ = VREF, IZ = 10mA, TA = Full Range (See Figure 1) Ratio of the Change in Reference Voltage to the Change in Cathode Voltage IZ = 10mA (see Figure 2 ) VZ from VREF to 6V R1 = 10k, R2 = ∞ and 2.6k Reference Input Current R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ II = 10mA (see Figure 2) www.national.com 6 1.259 V 6 20 mV −1.5 −2.7 mV/V 0.15 0.50 µA (Continued) TA = 25˚C unless otherwise specified Symbol ∝IREF Parameter Conditions Typ Max Units 0.1 0.4 µA 55 80 µA VZ = 6V, VREF = 0V (see Figure 3 ) 0.001 0.1 µA VZ = VREF, IZ = 0.1mA to 15mA Frequency = 0Hz (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 Ω Deviation of Reference Input Current over Temperature R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞, II = 10mA, TA = Full Range (see Figure 2) IZ(MIN) Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation VZ = VREF (see Figure 1) IZ(OFF) Off-State Current rZ Dynamic Output Impedance (Note 5) Min Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Electrical specifications do not apply when operating the device beyond its rated operating conditions. Note 2: Ratings apply to ambient temperature at 25˚C. Above this temperature, derate the TO92 at 6.2 mW/˚C, and the SOT23-5 at 2.2 mW/˚C. See derating curve in Operating Condition section.. Note 3: TJ Max = 150˚C, TJ = TA+ (θJA PD), where PD is the operating power of the device. Note 4: Deviation of reference input voltage, VDEV, is defined as the maximum variation of the reference input voltage over the full temperature range. See following: 7 www.national.com LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B LMV431BI Electrical Characteristics LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B LMV431BI Electrical Characteristics (Continued) 10095807 The average temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage, ∝VREF, is defined as: Where: T2 − T1 = full temperature change. ∝VREF can be positive or negative depending on whether the slope is positive or negative. Example: VDEV = 6.0mV, REF = 1240mV, T2 − T1 = 125˚C. Note 5: The dynamic output impedance, rZ, is defined as: When the device is programmed with two external resistors, R1 and R2, (see Figure 2 ), the dynamic output impedance of the overall circuit, rZ, is defined as: www.national.com 8 Reference Voltage vs. Junction Temperature Reference Input Current vs. Junction Temperature 10095862 10095850 Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage 1 Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage 2 10095852 10095851 Off-State Cathode Current vs. Junction Temperature Delta Reference Voltage Per Delta Cathode Voltage vs. Junction Temperature 10095863 10095861 9 www.national.com LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Typical Performance Characteristics LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Input Voltage Noise vs. Frequency 10095853 10095845 Test Circuit for Input Voltage Noise vs. Frequency Low Frequency Peak to Peak Noise 10095854 10095864 Test Circuit for Peak to Peak Noise (BW= 0.1Hz to 10Hz) Small Signal Voltage Gain and Phase Shift vs. Frequency 10095846 Test Circuit For Voltage Gain and Phase Shift vs. Frequency 10095855 www.national.com 10 LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Reference Impedance vs. Frequency 10095847 Test Circuit for Reference Impedance vs. Frequency 10095856 Pulse Response 1 10095848 Test Circuit for Pulse Response 1 10095857 Pulse Response 2 10095849 Test Circuit for Pulse Response 2 10095858 11 www.national.com LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) LMV431 Stability Boundary Condition 10095868 10095869 10095870 Test circuit for VZ = VREF Test Circuit for VZ = 2V, 3V Percentage Change in VREF vs. Operating Life at 55˚C 10095866 Extrapolated from life-test data taken at 125˚C; the activation energy assumed is 0.7eV. www.national.com 12 Series Regulator Output Control of a Three Terminal Fixed Regulator 10095817 10095816 Higher Current Shunt Regulator Crow Bar 10095818 10095819 Over Voltage/Under VoltageProtection Circuit Voltage Monitor 10095820 13 10095821 www.national.com LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Typical Applications LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Typical Applications (Continued) Delay Timer Current Limiter or Current Source 10095823 10095822 Constant Current Sink 10095824 www.national.com 14 LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted SOT23-5 Molded Small Outline Transistor Package (M5) NS Package Number MF05A SOT23-3 Molded Small Outline Transistor Package (M3) NS Package Number MF03A 15 www.national.com LMV431/LMV431A/LMV431B Low-Voltage (1.24V) Adjustable Precision Shunt Regulators Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) TO-92 Plastic Package NS Package Number Z03A LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. 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