MAXIM MAX5406

19-3817; Rev 0; 5/06
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
Features
The MAX5406 stereo audio processor provides a complete audio solution with volume, balance, bass, and
treble controls. It features dual 32-tap logarithmic
potentiometers for volume control, dual potentiometers
for balance control, and linear digital potentiometers for
tone control. A simple debounced pushbutton interface
controls all functions. The MAX5406 advances the
wiper setting once per button push. Maxim’s proprietary SmartWiper™ control eliminates the need for a
microcontroller (µC) to increase the wiper transition
rate. Holding the control input low for more than 1s
advances the wiper at a rate of 4Hz for 4s and 16Hz
thereafter. An integrated click/pop suppression feature
eliminates the audible noise generated by the wiper’s
movements.
♦ Audio Processor Including All Op Amps and Pots
for Volume, Balance, Mute, Bass, Treble,
Ambience, Pseudostereo, and Subwoofer
The MAX5406 provides a subwoofer output that internally combines the left and right channels. An external
filter capacitor allows for a customized cut-off frequency for the subwoofer output. A bass-boost mode
enhances the low-frequency response of the left and
right channels. An integrated bias amplifier generates
the required (VDD + VSS) / 2 bias voltage, eliminating
the need for external op amps for unipolar operation.
The MAX5406 also features ambience control to
enhance the separation of the left- and right-channel
outputs for headphones and desktop speakers systems, and a pseudostereo feature that approximates
stereo sound from a monophonic signal.
♦ Two Sets of Single-Ended or Differential Stereo
Inputs Can Be Used for Summing/Mixing
The MAX5406 is available in a 7mm x 7mm, 48-pin
TQFN package and in a 48-pin TSSOP package and is
specified over the extended (-40°C to +85°C) temperature range.
♦ Power-On Volume Setting to -20dB
♦ 32-Tap Volume Control (2dB Steps)
♦ Small, 7mm x 7mm, 48-Pin TQFN and 48-Pin
TSSOP Packages
♦ Single +2.7V to +5.5V or Dual ±2.7V Supply
Operation
♦ Clickless Switching and Control
♦ Mute Function to < -90dB (typ)
♦ Channel Isolation > -70dB (typ)
♦ Debounced Pushbutton Interface Works with
Momentary Contact Switches or Microprocessors
(µPs)
♦ Low 0.2µA (typ) Shutdown Supply Current
♦ Shutdown Stores All Control Settings
♦ 0.02% (typ) THD into 10kΩ Load, 25µVRMS (typ)
Output Noise
♦ Internally Generated 1/2 Full-Scale Bias Voltage
for Single-Ended Applications
♦ Internal Passive RF Filters for Analog Inputs
Prevent High Frequencies from Reaching the
Speakers
Applications
Automotive Rear-Seat Entertainment (RSE)
Ordering Information
Desktop Speakers
Portable Audio
PDAs or MP3 Player Docking Stations
Karaoke Machines
Flat-Screen TVs
PART
TEMP RANGE
PINPACKAGE
MAX5406EUM
-40°C to +85°C
48 TSSOP
MAX5406ETM* -40°C to +85°C 48 TQFN
*Future product—contact factory for availability.
PKG
CODE
U48-1
T4877-6
Pin Configurations appear at end of data sheet.
SmartWiper is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
1
MAX5406
General Description
MAX5406
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
L1_H, L1_L, L2_H, L2_L
to VSS .......................-0.3V to the lower of (VDD + 0.3V) or +6V
R1_H, R1_L, R2_H, R2_L
to VSS .......................-0.3V to the lower of (VDD + 0.3V) or +6V
AMB, BALL, BALR, VOLUP, VOLDN, MUTE, SHDN, BASSDN,
BASSUP, TREBDN, TREBUP
to DGND .............-0.3V to the lower of (VLOGIC + 0.3V) or +6V
CTL_, CTR_, CBL_, CBR_, CLS_, CRS_, CSUB, CBIAS, CMSNS,
AMBLI, AMBRI, BIAS
to VSS .......................-0.3V to the lower of (VDD + 0.3V) or +6V
LOUT, ROUT, SUBOUT, LMR,
LPR to VSS................-0.3V to the lower of (VDD + 0.3V) or +6V
VDD to VSS ................................................................-0.3V to +6V
VDD to VLOGIC........................................................................±6V
VLOGIC to DGND ......................................................-0.3V to +6V
DGND to VSS ............................................................-0.3V to +6V
LOUT, ROUT, SUBOUT Short Circuited to VSS .........Continuous
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
48-Pin TQFN (derate 27.8mW/°C above +70°C) ........2222mW
48-Pin TSSOP (derate 16mW/°C above +70°C) .........1282mW
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-60°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD = VLOGIC = +5.0V, VSS = 0, VBIAS = VCMSNS = VDD / 2, DGND = 0, ambience disabled, VAMBLI = VAMBRI = VBIAS, VR1_L =
VL1_L = VR2_L = VL2_L = external VBIAS, CCSUB = 0.15µF, CCLS = CCRS = 1µF, CCBL = CCBR = 3.3nF, CCTL = CCTR = 4.7nF, CBIAS =
0.1µF, CCBIAS = 50µF (see the Typical Application Circuit), TA = TMIN to TMAX unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at TA =
+25°C). (Note1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
RINH
8
10
RINL
16
20
MAX
UNITS
Signal-Inputs Input Resistance
RIN
With respect to
VBIAS
Signal-Inputs Input Capacitance
CIN
With respect to VBIAS
5
pF
2MHz to 2.4GHz two-tone test, 2/2.01MHz
input to 10kHz out
20
dBc
RF Rejection
Differential Input Voltage Range
Common-Mode Input Voltage Range
Bias Voltage
Bias-Voltage Input Current
VIN
VCM
VBIAS
VDD = +5V, VSS = 0, VCM = VBIAS, gain
error ≤ -0.5dB
-4
VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V, VCM = VBIAS,
gain error ≤ -0.5dB
-4.5
VDD = +5V, VSS = 0, VBIAS = VDD / 2,
VDIFF = 100mV
VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V, VBIAS = 0,
VDIFF = 100mV
kΩ
+4
V
+4.5
VSS + 0.5V
Internally generated (VCMSNS = VSS)
VDD - 0.5V
V
(VDD + VSS) / 2
V
1
mA
L_ _H = R_ _H = VBIAS, L_ _L = R_ _L =
open, VCMSNS = VDD
AUDIO PROCESSING FUNCTIONS
Maximum Balance Difference
(Note 2)
Minimum Balance Difference
(Note 2)
0
Balance Resolution
(Note 2)
2
Maximum Volume Attenuation
(Note 2)
-63
Minimum Volume Attenuation
(Note 2)
-0.5
Volume Resolution
(Note 2)
2
dB
Volume-Control Steps
(Note 2)
32
steps
2
10
12
14
dB
dB
-62
-59
0
+0.5
_______________________________________________________________________________________
dB
dB
dB
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
(VDD = VLOGIC = +5.0V, VSS = 0, VBIAS = VCMSNS = VDD / 2, DGND = 0, ambience disabled, VAMBLI = VAMBRI = VBIAS, VR1_L =
VL1_L = VR2_L = VL2_L = external VBIAS, CCSUB = 0.15µF, CCLS = CCRS = 1µF, CCBL = CCBR = 3.3nF, CCTL = CCTR = 4.7nF, CBIAS =
0.1µF, CCBIAS = 50µF (see the Typical Application Circuit), TA = TMIN to TMAX unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at TA =
+25°C). (Note1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
-0.1
+0.1
dB
-0.1
+0.1
dB
Gain Matching of Input 1 to Input
2 of Each Channel
Volume = 0dB (Note 2)
Gain Matching of Left to Right
Channel
Volume = 0dB (Note 2)
Bass-Boost Range
fBASS = 1kHz, treble = 0dB,
CCB_ = open, CCT_ = open (Note 3)
10
14
dB
Bass-Cut Range
fBASS = 1kHz, treble = 0dB,
CCB_ = open, CCT_ = open (Note 3)
10
14
dB
Treble-Boost Range
fTREBLE = 1kHz, bass = 0dB,
CCB_ = open, CCT_ = short (Note 3)
10
15
dB
Treble-Cut Range
fTREBLE = 1kHz, bass = 0dB,
CCB_ = open, CCT_ = short (Note 3)
10
15
dB
Bass-Boost/-Cut Steps
Max boost to max cut
21
steps
Treble-Boost/-Cut Steps
21
steps
Bass End-to-End Resistance
RBPOT
Max boost to max cut
116
kΩ
Treble End-to-End Resistance
RTPOT
17
kΩ
Bass Series Resistance
RB
40
kΩ
Treble Series Resistance
RT
3.5
kΩ
-90
dB
Mute Attenuation
AC PERFORMANCE (VIN = 1VP-P, RL = 10kΩ, VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V, volume = 0dB, treble = bass = 0dB)
Total Harmonic Distortion Plus
Noise
THD+N
Interchannel Crosstalk
(Notes 4, 5)
0.02
L to R or R to L
-70
dB
100
pF
0.05
%
ROUT/LOUT OUTPUTS
Maximum Load Capacitance
Output-Voltage Swing
Output Offset Voltage
Short-Circuit Output Current
Output Resistance
CLOAD
VOUTP-P
VOOS
ISC
R_OUT
RL = 10kΩ, VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
-2.3
VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V, volume = 0dB,
RL = 10kΩ, inputs = VBIAS
-30
Shorted to VSS
ILOAD = 100µA to 500µA
0
+2.3
V
+30
mV
15
mA
10
Ω
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
MAX5406
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
MAX5406
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD = VLOGIC = +5.0V, VSS = 0, VBIAS = VCMSNS = VDD / 2, DGND = 0, ambience disabled, VAMBLI = VAMBRI = VBIAS, VR1_L =
VL1_L = VR2_L = VL2_L = external VBIAS, CCSUB = 0.15µF, CCLS = CCRS = 1µF, CCBL = CCBR = 3.3nF, CCTL = CCTR = 4.7nF, CBIAS =
0.1µF, CCBIAS = 50µF (see the Typical Application Circuit), TA = TMIN to TMAX unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at TA =
+25°C). (Note1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
fBW = 20Hz to 20kHz, VIN = VBIAS,
mute on, noise measured at LOUT and
ROUT (Notes 2, 4, 5)
Output Noise
Power-Supply Rejection Ratio
TYP
MAX
3.5
9.5
en
PSRR
UNITS
µVRMS
fBW = 20Hz to 20kHz, VIN = VBIAS, mute
off, volume = 0dB, noise measured at
LOUT and ROUT (Notes 2, 4, 5)
25
100mVP-P at 217Hz on VDD
-70
100mVP-P at 1kHz on VDD
-65
35
dB
SUBWOOFER OUTPUT
Gain
(VL1_H - VL1_L ) to (VSUBOUT - VBIAS),
volume = 0dB (Note 2)
-6
dB
Highpass Filter Cutoff Frequency
Volume = 0dB
15
Hz
Figure 12
13.8
kΩ
Volume = 0dB
100
Hz
Figure 12
10.6
kΩ
100
pF
Internal Highpass Cutoff
Resistance
R_S
Lowpass Filter Cutoff Frequency
Internal Lowpass Cutoff
Resistance
Maximum Load Capacitance
Output-Voltage Swing
Output Offset Voltage
Short-Circuit Output Current
Output Resistance
Output Noise
Power-Supply Rejection Ratio
RSUB
CSUBLOAD
VSUBOUTP-P RL = 10kΩ, VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
VSUBOOS
ISUBSC
RSUBOUT
en
PSRR
VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V, volume = 0dB,
RL = 10kΩ
-2.3
-15
Shorted to VSS
0
+2.3
V
+15
mV
12
ILOAD = 100µA to 500µA
mA
Ω
10
fBW = 20Hz to 20kHz, VIN = VBIAS,
mute on, noise measured at SUBOUT
(Notes 2, 4, 5)
9
fBW = 20Hz to 20kHz, VIN = VBIAS,
volume = 0dB, mute off, noise measured at
SUBOUT (Notes 2, 4, 5)
25
100mVP-P at 217Hz on VDD
-70
100mVP-P at 1kHz on VDD
-65
11
µVRMS
35
dB
PUSHBUTTON CONTACT INPUTS (MUTE, AMB, VOLUP, VOLDN, BALL, BALR, BASSUP, BASSDN, TREBUP, TREBDN)
Internal Pullup Resistor
RPU
Single-Pulse Input Low Time
tLPW
Figures 2a, 11a, 11b
30
50
ms
Repetitive Input Pulse Separation
Time
tHPW
Figure 2b, 11a, 11b
40
ms
First Autoincrement Point
tA1
Figure 3
First Autoincrement Rate
fA1
Second Autoincrement Point
tA2
Second Autoincrement Rate
fA2
4
kΩ
1
s
Figure 3
4
Hz
Figure 3
4
s
Figure 3
16
Hz
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
(VDD = VLOGIC = +5.0V, VSS = 0, VBIAS = VCMSNS = VDD / 2, DGND = 0, ambience disabled, VAMBLI = VAMBRI = VBIAS, VR1_L =
VL1_L = VR2_L = VL2_L = external VBIAS, CCSUB = 0.15µF, CCLS = CCRS = 1µF, CCBL = CCBR = 3.3nF, CCTL = CCTR = 4.7nF, CBIAS =
0.1µF, CCBIAS = 50µF (see the Typical Application Circuit), TA = TMIN to TMAX unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at TA =
+25°C). (Note1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
DIGITAL INPUTS (VLOGIC > 3.6V) (MUTE, AMB, VOLUP, VOLDN, BALL, BALR, BASSUP, BASSDN, TREBUP, TREBDN)
Input-Voltage High
VIH
Input-Voltage Low
VIL
SHDN Input-Voltage High
VIHSHDN
SHDN Input-Voltage Low
VILSHDN
2.4
V
0.8
V
0.8
V
±5
µA
3.4
V
Input Leakage Current
Input Capacitance
5
pF
DIGITAL INPUTS (VLOGIC ≤ 3.6V) (MUTE, AMB, VOLUP, VOLDN, BALL, BALR, BASSUP, BASSDN, TREBUP, TREBDN)
Input-Voltage High
VIH
Input-Voltage Low
2
V
VIL
SHDN Input-Voltage High
VIHSHDN
SHDN Input-Voltage Low
VILSHDN
0.6
V
0.6
V
2
V
Input Leakage Current
±5
Input Capacitance
µA
5
pF
45
ms
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
Wiper Settling Time
tWS
Click/pop suppression inactive, Figures 2a,
11a, 11b
POWER SUPPLIES (VCMSNS = VSS, internal bias enabled)
Supply-Voltage Difference
+5.5
V
Positive Analog Supply Voltage
VDD
+2.7
+5.5
V
Negative Analog Supply Voltage
VSS
-2.7
0
V
Dual-Supply Positive Supply
Voltage
VDD
VSS = -2.7V
0
+2.7
V
Active Positive Supply Current
IDD
No signal, all logic inputs pulled high to
VLOGIC or unconnected, SHDN = VLOGIC,
RL = 10kΩ (Note 6)
13
mA
Active Negative Supply Current
(Note 6)
Shutdown Supply Current (Note 6)
VDD - VSS
ISS
ISHDN
10
No signal, all logic inputs connected to
DGND or VLOGIC, VDD = +5V, VSS = 0
-13
-10
No signal, all logic inputs connected to
DGND or VLOGIC, VDD = +2.7V,
VSS = -2.7V
-13
-10
mA
No signal, VDD = 5V, VSS = 0, all logic
inputs connected to DGND or VLOGIC,
SHDN = DGND
No signal, VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V,
all logic at DGND or VLOGIC, SHDN
= DGND
0.2
µA
IDD
0.2
ISS
50
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
MAX5406
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD = VLOGIC = +5.0V, VSS = 0, VBIAS = VCMSNS = VDD / 2, DGND = 0, ambience disabled, VAMBLI = VAMBRI = VBIAS, VR1_L =
VL1_L = VR2_L = VL2_L = external VBIAS, CCSUB = 0.15µF, CCLS = CCRS = 1µF, CCBL = CCBR = 3.3nF, CCTL = CCTR = 4.7nF, CBIAS =
0.1µF, CCBIAS = 50µF (see the Typical Application Circuit), TA = TMIN to TMAX unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at TA =
+25°C). (Note1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Power-Up Time
tPU
Power first applied, _OUT = -20dB
1
s
Wake-Up Time
tWU
From shutdown (Note 7)
1
s
Logic Supply Voltage
Logic Active Supply Current
VLOGIC
DGND = 0, VLOGIC ≤ VDD
ILOGIC
No signal, one button pressed, remaining
logic inputs connected to VLOGIC or
unconnected
Note 1:
Note 2:
Note 3:
Note 4:
Note 5:
Note 6:
Note 7:
+2.7
No signal, all logic inputs connected to
VLOGIC or unconnected, SHDN = DGND
(Note 6)
Logic Shutdown Supply Current
VDD
V
150
µA
2
µA
0.2
All devices 100% production tested at TA = +85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed by design.
Treble = bass = 0dB. CCB_ = open, CCT_ = short, left input signal = right input signal = +2V.
See Tables 3 and 4 and Figure 7. VDD = +2.7V, VSS = -2.7V.
Guaranteed by design.
Measured with A-weighted filter.
Supply current measured while attenuator position is fixed.
Set _OUT = 0dB and shutdown device SHDN = 0. tWU is the time required for _OUT to reach 0dB after SHDN goes high.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
-30
-40
-60
-60
4
8
12 16 20
TAP POSITION
24
28
32
0
-5
-10
-70
0
6
-40
-50
-70
5
-30
-50
VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0
TREBLE = BASS
10
-20
GAIN (dB)
ATTENUATION (dB)
-20
VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
-10
BAXANDALL CURVE
15
MAX5406 toc02a
MAX5406 toc01a
VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0
VOLUP = 0dB
-10
ATTENUATION vs. TAP POSITION
0
MAX5406 toc01b
ATTENUATION vs. TAP POSITION
0
ATTENUATION (dB)
MAX5406
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
CCB_ = 10nF
CCT_ = 2.2nF
-15
0
4
8
12 16 20
TAP POSITION
24
28
32
10
100
1000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
100,000
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
BAXANDALL CURVE
10
0
10
5
GAIN (dB)
5
5
GAIN (dB)
GAIN (dB)
CCB_ = 10nF
CCT_ = 2.2nF
VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0
BASS = 0dB
10
15
MAX5406 toc02c
MAX5406 toc02b
VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
VIN = 0.5VP-P
BASS = TREBLE
15
BAXANDALL CURVE
15
MAX5406 toc02d
BAXANDALL CURVE
20
0
-5
0
-5
-5
-20
-10
-15
-15
-20
100
1000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
100,000
-20
10
100
20
10
GAIN (dB)
-10
-15
0
DUAL INPUTS
5
0
100
1000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
-50
-15
-60
100,000
-70
10
0
100
1000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
100,000
10
10
VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0
VOLUP = 0dB
5
0
-10
-40
VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
VOLUP = 0dB
-60
0
-5
-10
-15
100
1000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
100,000
-10
-15
-20
-20
-25
-25
-30
-30
-35
-35
10
100,000
VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
VOLUP = 0dB
5
GAIN (dB)
GAIN (dB)
-30
1000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10
-5
-20
100
DUAL-SUPPLIES LOUT
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
LOUT FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX5406 toc03b
DUAL INPUTS
-30
-10
DUAL-SUPPLIES SUBOUT
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
10
-20
-40
-20
10
100,000
-10
-5
-5
1000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10
MAX5406 toc03c
GAIN (dB)
0
100
SINGLE-SUPPLY SUBOUT
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
CCB_ = 10nF
CCT_ = 2.2nF
VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
VIN = 0.5VP-P
TREBLE = 0dB
15
5
GAIN (dB)
10
GAIN (dB)
CCB_ = 10nF
CCT_ = 2.2nF
VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0
TREBLE = 0dB
MAX5406 toc02e
15
-50
100,000
BAXANDALL CURVE
BAXANDALL CURVE
10
1000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
MAX5406 toc02f
10
CCB_ = 10nF
CCT_ = 2.2nF
VDD = VLOGIC =2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
VIN = 0.5VP-P
BASS = 0dB
MAX5406 toc03a
CCB_ = 10nF
CCT_ = 2.2nF
-15
-10
MAX5406 toc03d
-10
10
100
1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
1M
10M
10
100
1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
1M
10M
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
MAX5406
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
DUAL-SUPPLIES ROUT
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
ROUT FREQUENCY RESPONSE
0
-15
-25
-30
-30
-60
-70
-80
-35
100
1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
1M
PSRR vs. FREQUENCY
10
10
10M
1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
1M
MAX5406 toc4b
10
-10
-20
-20
PSRR (dB)
-30
-40
-50
MAX5406 toc4c
-30
-40
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
-70
0.5
-90
-80
100
0
0.1
1,000
1
FREQUENCY (kHz)
10
100
2.7
1,000
3.1
12.0
VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0
11.5
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
ACTIVE MODE, ONE BUTTON PUSHED
11.0
10.5
10.0
9.5
INACTIVE MODE, NO BUTTON PUSHED
9.0
4.7
5.1
VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT: IDD + ILOGIC
13
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
4.0
4.3
15
MAX5406 toc06a
DUAL-SUPPLY OPERATION
VLOGIC = VDD, THD = 0.02% AT 1kHz
3.9
5.5
TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE (IDD + ILOGIC)
TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE (IDD + ILOGIC)
MAX5406 toc5b
5.0
3.5
VDD (V)
FREQUENCY (kHz)
OUTPUT SWING
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
4.5
SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION
VDD = VLOGIC, THD = 0.02% AT 1kHz
3.0
-80
10
1,000
3.5
-60
1
100
4.0
-70
0.1
10
5.0
4.5
-50
-60
1
OUTPUT SWING
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
100mVP-P ON NEGATIVE SUPPLY
0
-10
0.1
10M
FREQUENCY (kHz)
PSRR vs. FREQUENCY
VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
100mVP-P ON POSITIVE SUPPLY
0
100
OUTPUT SWING (V)
10
-40
-50
-20
-25
-30
MAX5406 toc5a
-15
-10
-35
PSRR (dB)
-20
-5
-20
ACTIVE MODE (ONE BUTTON PUSHED)
11
INACTIVE MODE (NO BUTTON PUSHED)
9
7
8.5
0.5
0
8.0
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
(VDD - VSS) (V)
8
-10
PSRR (dB)
-10
MAX5406 toc4a
VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0
100mVP-P ON VDD
MAX5406 toc06b
VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0
VOLUP = 0dB
GAIN (dB)
GAIN (dB)
-5
VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
VOLUP = 0dB
5
0
MAX5406 toc03f
0
PSRR vs. FREQUENCY
10
MAX5406 toco3e
5
OUTPUT SWING (V)
MAX5406
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
5.0
5.5
5
-40
-15
10
35
TEMPERATURE (°C)
60
85
-40
-15
10
35
TEMPERATURE (°C)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
60
85
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
WIPER SWITCHING TRANSIENT
(SUPPRESSION CIRCUIT ACTIVE)
ILOGIC vs. VLOGIC
MAX5406 toc07b
MAX5406 toc07a
200
5VP-P SINE WAVE
BETWEEN L1_H
AND L1_L
DC LEVEL AT
THE INPUT
MAX5406 toc08a
WIPER SWITCHING TRANSIENT
180
160
OUTPUT
ILOGIC (μA)
VOLUP
TA = -40°C
140
TA = +85°C
120
100
80
60
OUTPUT
TA = +25°C
40
20
VDD = 5.5V, VSS = 0
ACTIVE MODE (ONE BUTTON PUSHED)
0
4.7
5.1
5.5
RL = 10kΩ
MAX5406 toc09b
VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7
VIN = 4.6VP-P
THD+N (%)
TA = +25°C
3.9 4.3
VLOGIC (V)
0.1
MAX5406 toc09a
MAX5406 toc08b
VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = GND
VIN = 4.6VP-P
0.1
TA = -40°C
3.5
THD PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
1
THD+N (%)
RL = 10kΩ
0.01
NO LOAD
NO LOAD
TA = +85°C
0.001
3.1
3.5
3.9 4.3
VLOGIC (V)
4.7
5.1
0.01
0.01
5.5
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
MAX5406 toc10a
0
1
10
-50
-60
MAX5406 toc10b
-40
-50
-70
-90
-80
10
100
1k
10k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
100k
1M
100
12.0
VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0
ACTIVE MODE, ONE BUTTON PUSHED
11.5
-30
-80
10
TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (IDD + ILOGIC)
-60
-70
1
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
CROSSTALK (dB)
-40
0.1
FREQUENCY (Hz)
-20
-30
0.01
VDD = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V, VLOGIC = 2.5V,
VIN = 1VP-P, RL = 10kΩ
-10
-20
100
FREQUENCY (kHz)
0
VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0,
VIN = 1VP-P, RL = 10kΩ
-10
0.1
MAX5406 toc11a
ILOGIC (nA)
VDD = 5.5V, VSS = 0
INACTIVE MODE (NO BUTTON PUSHED)
2.7
CROSSTALK (dB)
3.1
THD PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
ILOGIC vs. VLOGIC
240
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2.7
4ms/div
10μs/div
11.0
TA = +25°C
10.5
TA = +85°C
10.0
9.5
TA = -40°C
9.0
8.5
8.0
10
100
1k
10k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
100k
1M
2.7
3.1
3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
5.1
5.5
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9
MAX5406
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (IDD + ILOGIC)
1.9
VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
1.7
1.5
11.0
10.5
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
10.0
9.5
9.0
1.3
1.1
0.9
0.7
MUTE ON
0.5
TA = +85°C
MUTE OFF
0.3
8.5
0.1
8.0
-0.1
3.1
3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
5.1
5.5
0.01
2
MAX5406 toc12b
VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
100
1.3
1.1
0.9
MUTE OFF
VDD = VLOGIC = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
1.8
1.6
NOISE (μVRMS/Hz)
1.5
MUTE ON
10
SUBOUT NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
1.7
0.5
1
FREQUENCY (kHz)
ROUT NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
0.7
0.1
MAX5406 toc12c
2.7
1.9
MAX5406 toc12a
VDD = VLOGIC = 5V, VSS = 0
INACTIVE MODE, NO BUTTON PUSHED
NOISE (μVRMS/Hz)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
11.5
LOUT NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX5406 toc11b
12.0
NOISE (μVRMS/Hz)
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.3
0.4
0.1
0.2
0
-0.1
0.01
0.1
1
10
0.01
100
0.1
1
10
100
FREQUENCY (kHz)
FREQUENCY (kHz)
MAX5406 toc13
INPUT RF REJECTION
10kHz OUTPUT AMPLITUDE (f2-f1) = 10kHz(dBm)
MAX5406
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
VOLUME = 0dB
VDD = 2.7V, VSS = -2.7V
INPUT = 200mVP-P AT L1_H
-10
-30
-50
-70
-90
-110
1
10
100
1000
10000
f1 FREQUENCY (MHz)
10
______________________________________________________________________________________
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
PIN
NAME
TSSOP
TQFN
1
43
CBIAS
2
44
VSS
FUNCTION
Bypass Capacitor Connection Point to Internally Generated Bias. Bypass CBIAS with a 50µF
capacitor to system analog ground.
Negative Power-Supply Input. Bypass with a 0.1µF capacitor to system analog ground.
3
45
L1_H
Left-Channel 1 High Terminal Input. Connect the source between L1_H and L1_L for differential
signals. Connect the source to L1_H and tie L1_L to BIAS for single-ended signals.
4
46
L1_L
Left-Channel 1 Low Terminal Input. Connect the source between L1_H and L1_L for differential
signals. Connect L1_L to BIAS for single-ended signals.
5
47
L2_L
Left-Channel 2 Low Terminal Input. Connect the source between L2_H and L2_L for differential
signals. Connect L2_L to BIAS for single-ended signals.
6
48
L2_H
Left-Channel 2 High Terminal Input. Connect the source between L2_H and L2_L for differential
signals. Connect the source to L2_H and tie L2_L to BIAS for single-ended signals.
7
1
LMR
Left Minus Right Output Signal. LMR output provides a signal that is the difference of left and right
input signals. See the Ambience Control section for more details.
8
2
AMBLI
Ambience Left-Channel Input. AMBLI provides the proper ambient effect at LOUT based on the
transfer function implemented between LMR and AMBLI. See the Ambience Control section for
more details.
9
3
CTL1
Left-Channel Treble Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 1. Connect a capacitor between CTL1 and
CTL2 to set the treble cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details.
10
4
CTL2
Left-Channel Treble Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 2. Connect a capacitor between CTL2 and
CTL1 to set the treble cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details.
11
5
CBL1
Left-Channel Bass Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 1. Connect a capacitor between CBL1 and
CBL2 to set the bass cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details.
12
6
CBL2
Left-Channel Bass Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 2. Connect a capacitor between CBL2 and
CBL1 to set the bass cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details.
13
7
LOUT
Left-Channel Output
14
8
CLSN
Subwoofer Left-Channel Highpass Filter Capacitor Negative Terminal. Connect a capacitor
between CLSN and CLSP to set the highpass cutoff frequency at SUBOUT. See the Subwoofer
Ouput section for more details.
15
9
CLSP
Subwoofer Left-Channel Highpass Filter Capacitor Positive Terminal. Connect a capacitor between
CLSP and CLSN to set the highpass filter cutoff frequency at SUBOUT. See the Subwoofer Ouput
section for more details.
16
10
SUBOUT
17
11
CSUB
18, 32
12, 26
I.C.
Subwoofer Output. Connect a capacitor from SUBOUT to CSUB to set the lowpass filter cutoff
frequency at SUBOUT. See the Subwoofer Ouput section for more details.
Subwoofer Lowpass Filter Capacitor Terminal. Connect a filter capacitor between CSUB and SUBOUT
to set the lowpass filter cutoff frequency. See the Subwoofer Ouput section for more details.
Internally Connected. Connect to DGND.
______________________________________________________________________________________
11
MAX5406
Pin Description
MAX5406
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
Pin Description (continued)
PIN
TSSOP
12
TQFN
NAME
FUNCTION
19
13
MUTE
Active-Low Mute Control Input. Toggles state between muted and not muted. When in the mute
state, all wipers are moved to the low end of the volume potentiometers. The last state is restored
when MUTE is toggled again. The power-on state is not muted. MUTE is internally pulled up with
50kΩ to VLOGIC.
20
14
VOLDN
Active-Low Downward Volume Control Input. Press VOLDN to decrease the volume. This
simultaneously moves left and right volume wipers towards higher attenuation. VOLDN is internally
pulled up with 50kΩ to VLOGIC.
21
15
VOLUP
Active-Low Upward Volume Control Input. Press VOLUP to increase the volume. This simultaneously
moves the left and right volume wipers towards the the lower attenuation. VOLUP is internally pulled
up with 50kΩ to VLOGIC.
22
16
BALL
Active-Low Left Balance Control Input. Press BALL to move the balance towards the left channel.
BALL is internally pulled up with 50kΩ to VLOGIC.
23
17
BALR
Active-Low Right Balance Control Input. Press BALR to move the balance towards the right channel.
BALR is internally pulled up with 50kΩ to VLOGIC.
24
18
DGND
Digital Ground
25
19
VLOGIC
Digital Power-Supply Input. Bypass with 0.1µF to DGND.
26
20
27
21
Active-Low Shutdown Control Input. In shutdown mode, the MAX5406 stores every wiper’s last
position. Each wiper moves to the highest attenuation level of its corresponding potentiometer.
SHDN
Terminating shutdown mode restores every wiper to its previous setting. In shutdown, the MAX5406
does not acknowledge any pushbutton command.
Active-Low Downward Bass Control Input. Press BASSDN to decrease bass boost. Bass boost
emphasizes the signal’s low-frequency components. BASSDN is internally pulled up with 50kΩ to
BASSDN
VLOGIC. To implement a bass-boost button, connect BASSDN to BASSUP. Presses then toggle the
state between flat and full bass boost on each button press.
Active-Low Upward Bass Control Input. Press BASSUP to increase bass boost. Bass boost
emphasizes the signal’s low frequency components. BASSUP is internally pulled up with 50kΩ to
VLOGIC. To implement a bass-boost button, connect BASSUP to BASSDN. Presses then toggle the
state between flat and full bass boost on each button press.
28
22
BASSUP
29
23
Active-Low Downward Treble Control Input. Press TREBDN to decrease the treble boost. Treble
TREBDN boost emphasizes the signal’s high-frequency components. TREBDN is internally pulled up with
50kΩ to VLOGIC.
30
24
TREBUP
Active-Low Upward Treble Control Input. Press TREBUP to increase the treble boost. Treble boost
emphasizes the signal’s high-frequency components. TREBUP is internally pulled up with 50kΩ to VLOGIC.
31
25
AMB
Active-Low Ambience Switch Control Input. Drive AMB low to toggle on/off the ambience function.
AMB is internally pulled up with 50kΩ to VLOGIC.
33
27
CRSN
Subwoofer Right-Channel Highpass Filter Capacitor Negative Terminal. Connect a capacitor
between CRSN and CRSP to set the highpass cutoff frequency at SUBOUT. See the Subwoofer
Ouput section for more details.
34
28
CRSP
Subwoofer Right-Channel Highpass Filter Capacitor Positive Terminal. Connect a capacitor between
CRSP and CRSN to set the highpass cutoff frequency at SUBOUT. See the Subwoofer Ouput
section for more details.
35
29
ROUT
Right-Channel Output
______________________________________________________________________________________
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
30
CBR2
Right-Channel Bass Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 2. Connect a nonpolorized capacitor between
CBR2 and CBR1 to set the bass cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details.
37
31
CBR1
Right-Channel Bass Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 1. Connect a capacitor between CBR1 and
CBR2 to set the bass cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more detail.
38
32
CTR2
Right-Channel Treble Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 2. Connect a capacitor between CTR2 and
CTR1 to set the treble cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details.
39
33
CTR1
Right-Channel Treble Tone Control Capacitor Terminal 1. Connect a capacitor between CTR1 and
CTR2 to set the treble cutoff frequency. See the Tone Control section for more details.
40
34
AMBRI
Ambience Right-Channel Input. AMBRI provides the proper ambient effect at ROUT based on the
gain between LPR and AMBRI. See the Ambience Control section for more details.
41
35
LPR
Left Plus Right Output Signal. LPR output provides a signal that is a combination of the left and right
input signals. See the Ambience Control section for more details.
42
36
VDD
Positive Analog Supply Voltage. Bypass with a 0.1µF capacitor to system analog ground.
43
37
R2_H
Right-Channel High Terminal 2. Connect the source between R2_H and R2_L for differential signal.
Connect the source to R2_H and tie R2_L to BIAS for single-ended signals.
44
38
R2_L
Right-Channel Low Terminal 2. Connect the source between R2_H and R2_L for differential signal.
Connect R2_L to BIAS for single-ended signals.
45
39
R1_L
Right-Channel Low Terminal 1. Connect the source between R1_H and R1_L for differential signal.
Connect R1_L to BIAS for single-ended signals.
46
40
R1_H
Right-Channel High Terminal 1. Connect the source between R1_H and R1_L for differential signal.
Connect the source to R1_H and tie R1_L to BIAS for single-ended signals.
47
41
CMSNS
48
42
BIAS
TSSOP
TQFN
36
Common-Mode Voltage Sense. Connect to VDD to disable the internal bias generator and drive
BIAS with external source to set output DC level.
Internally Generated Bias Voltage. Connect CMSNS to VSS to enable the internally generated
VBIAS. VBIAS = (VDD + VSS) / 2. Connect a 0.1µF capacitor between BIAS and system analog
ground as close to the device as possible. Do not use BIAS to drive external circuitry.
______________________________________________________________________________________
13
MAX5406
Pin Description (continued)
MAX5406
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
VDD
LMR AMBLI
L1_H
RF FILTER
CBL2
CTL1
CTL2
LEFT
LOG POT
LEFT AMBIENCE
SWITCH
L1_L
CBL1
CONTROLLED
BY AMB
BASS/TREBLE OUTPUT STAGE
SEE FIGURE 7
L2_H
LOUT
CLSP
RF FILTER
L2_L
CBIAS
CMSNS
BIAS
GENERATOR
CLSN
BIAS
RLS
R1_H
RF FILTER
R1_L
SUBOUT
RIGHT AMBIENCE
SWITCH
R2_H
R2_L
RF FILTER
CONTROLLED
BY AMB
RSUB
RRS
CSUB
CRSN
CRSP
BASS/TREBLE OUTPUT STAGE
SEE FIGURE 7
RIGHT
LOG POT
MAX5406
ROUT
DIGITAL INTERFACE
LPR
DGND
VSS
SHDN AMB
BALR VOLUP BASSUP TREBUP
CBR1
CBR2
CTR1
CTR2
AMBRI VLOGIC MUTE BALL VOLDN BASSDN TREBDN
Figure 1. Block Diagram
Detailed Description
The MAX5406 implements dual logarithmic potentiometers to control volume, dual potentiometers to control
balance, and dual linear digital potentiometers to set
the tone (Figure 1). A debounced pushbutton interface
is provided to control the audio-processor settings. The
MAX5406 provides differential buffered inputs with RF
14
filters to maximize noise reduction and a mixer to produce an equal amount of left and right input channels.
In addition to a differential output, the MAX5406 provides a monophonic output at SUBOUT for systems
with a subwoofer.
______________________________________________________________________________________
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
CONTACT
DURATION
WIPER ACTION
t < tLPW
No motion (debouncing) (Figures 2a and 2b)
Wiper changes position once (Figures 2a
and 2b)
tLPW ≤ t ≤ 1s
Table 2. Attenuator Position For Volume
Potentiometers
POSITION
ATTENUATION (dB)
0
0
1
2
2
4
…..
…..
1s ≤ t < 4s
Wiper changes position at a rate of 4Hz
(Figure 3)
10 ( Power-on state)
20
…..
…..
t ≥4s
Wiper changes position at a rate of 16Hz
(Figure 3)
30
60
Up/Down Interface
The MAX5406 features independent control inputs for
volume, balance, ambience, and tone control. All control inputs are internally debounced for use with
momentary contact SPST switches. All switch inputs
are pulled up to VLOGIC through 50kΩ resistors. The
wiper setting advances once per button press held for
up to 1s (see Figures 2a and 2b). Maxim’s SmartWiper
control circuitry allows the wiper to advance at a rate of
4Hz when an input is held low from 1s up to 4s, and at
a rate of 16Hz if the contact is maintained for greater
than 4s without the need of a µP (see Figure 3 and
Table 1). The MAX5406 ignores multiple buttons being
pressed. A µP can also be used to control the
MAX5406.
Volume Control
The MAX5406 implements dual logarithmic potentiometers for volume control that change the sound level by
2dB per button push (see Table 2).
In volume-control mode, the MAX5406’s wipers move
up and down together (see Figure 4). The balance is
unaffected (see the Balance Control section). Left and
right balance settings are maintained when adjusting
the volume.
Balance Control
In balance-control mode, the MAX5406 uses dual
potentiometers to control balance for the left and right
channels. Pressing BALR increases the right channel
wiper by 1dB and decreases the left channel by 1dB.
This causes the right channel to sound louder than the
left channel by 2dB. The overall volume remains constant when adjusting the balance (Figure 5).
31
62
32 (Mute)
> 90
Volume and Balance Interaction
Volume and balance operation is simple. However,
there are some interactions that occur at the extreme
wiper positions. These interactions are described in this
section of the data sheet.
When the volume setting is at the maximum level, the
first command to move the balance toward the left channel forces the right channel to decrease by 1dB.
Subsequent pressing of BALL causes the right channel
to decrease by 2dB. At this position, shown in the right
column of Figure 6a, the left-channel volume is maximum, but the actual separation between L and R is 3dB.
At this position, pressing VOLDN restores the actual
balance setting only after VOLDN is pressed at least
half as many times as BALL was (previously) pressed
(shown in the middle and right column of Figure 6b) to
increase the right-channel balance.
The volume and balance interaction is similar when volume setting is at the minimum level.
Tone Control
The MAX5406 implements a linear potentiometer to
control the bass and treble over a range of ±10dB
using the recommended component values.
Note that the actual response achieved is determined
by the values of both external and internal components
and the design equations are somewhat interactive.
Use the values shown in the Electrical Characteristics
as a good starting point for choosing component values. These components yield shelf turnovers at 100Hz
(bass) and 10kHz (treble) with a total ±10dB of boost at
100Hz and 10kHz. The shoulder or flat portion of the
response is centered on 1kHz.
The circuit in Figure 7 shows the internal structure of
the tone-control system should modification to the
______________________________________________________________________________________
15
MAX5406
Table 1. Wiper Action vs. Pushbutton
Contact Duration
MAX5406
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
tWS
VOLUP
tLPW
WIPER
MOTION
Figure 2a. Single-Pulse Input
tLPW
tHPW
VOLUP
VIH
VIL
WIPER
MOTION
Figure 2b. Repetitive Input-Pulse Separation Time
tA2
tA1
VOLUP
VIH
VIL
WIPER
MOTION
1
fA1
1
fA1
1
fA2
1
fA2
Figure 3. Accelerated Wiper Motion
16
______________________________________________________________________________________
1
fA2
1
fA2
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
MAX5406
BALANCE SEPARATION
MAINTAINED
L
R
PRESS VOLUP
TWICE
L
R
L
PRESS VOLDN
ONCE
R
Figure 4. Basic Volume-Control Operation
VOLUME LEVEL IS SET
L
R
L
R
1dB PER STEP
L
R
1dB PER STEP
PRESS BALR
ONCE
1dB PER STEP
PRESS BALR
ONCE
Figure 5. Basic Balance-Control Operation
VOLUME LEVEL IS AT MAXIMUM
L
R
L
R
1dB PER STEP
PRESS BALL
ONCE
a) 1dB PER STEP
L
L
R
2dB PER STEP
PRESS VOLDN
ONCE
b) 2dB PER STEP
FROM 6a
L
R
2dB PER STEP
PRESS BALL
AGAIN
TO 6b
BALANCE COMPENSATION ENDS
L
R
R
2dB PER STEP
PRESS VOLDN
ONCE
Figure 6. Volume and Balance Interaction
response curve be desired. A combination of internal
resistors and external capacitors determine the
response of the circuit.
Use the following equations to calculate the external
capacitor values for the desired 3dB frequencies:
fBASS(3dB) =
1
2π × RBPOT × CB _
where R BPOT , nominally 116kΩ, is the bass potentiometer (see Figure 7).
f TREBLE(3dB) =
1
2π × R T × C T _
where RT is nominally 3.5kΩ (see Figure 7).
______________________________________________________________________________________
17
MAX5406
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
C_SP
CB_
CB_1
40kΩ
BUFFER
INPUT
CB_2
116kΩ
+1
40kΩ
+1
-1
BASS POT
AMBLI
LMR
AMBRI
+2
CT_1
CT_
_OUT
Figure 8. Matrix Surround Configuration
TREBLE POT
CT_2
TO BIAS
3.5kΩ
17kΩ
3.5kΩ
+1
+1
-1
Figure 7. Bass/Treble Output Stage
LMR
Alternatively, the following formulas can be used to calculate and design for the bass and treble turnover frequencies:
fBASS( TURNOVER) =
AMBIENCE
NETWORK
AMBLI
AMBRI
Figure 9. Ambience Filter
1
2π × RB × CB _
+1
+1
-1
where RB is nominally 40kΩ (see Figure 7).
f TREBLE( TURNOVER) =
1
2π × (R T + RB ) × C T _
LPR
PSEUDOSTEREO
NETWORK
AMBLI
AMBRI
Figure 10. Pseudostereo Filter
Tables 3 and 4 show the effects of the external bass and
treble capacitance on the maximum output attentuation.
Table 3. Effect of Base Tone Control
Capacitor (CB_) on Bass Boost/Bass
Cut at 100Hz
CB_ (nF)
CUT (dB)
BOOST (dB)
CT_ (nF)
0.00
-11.79
11.81
0.47
CUT (dB)
BOOST (dB)
-7.80
7.66
-12.55
12.58
0.47
-11.25
11.26
1.80
1.80
-11.05
11.08
2.20
-12.89
12.95
2.20
-10.95
10.96
2.70
-13.15
13.18
10.86
3.30
-13.33
13.34
-13.55
13.58
2.70
-10.85
3.30
-10.60
10.62
4.70
4.70
-10.57
10.55
6.80
-13.59
13.61
10.15
8.20
-13.61
13.63
9.66
Open
-13.79
13.75
6.80
8.20
18
Table 4. Effect of Treble Tone Control
Capacitor (CT_) on Treble Boost/Treble
Cut at 10kHz
-10.10
-9.66
______________________________________________________________________________________
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
PUSHBUTTON PRESSED
SWITCH
CONTACT
IS BOUNCING
MAX5406
SWITCH
SWITCH
CONTACT CONTACT
IS BOUNCING IS STABLE
READY TO ACCEPT
ANOTHER BUTTON PRESS
1
INPUT ACCEPTED
0
tHPW
tLPW
tWS
WAIT FOR
DEBOUNCE BY FIRST ZERO
WAITING FOR CROSSING OR
STABLE LOW, TIMEOUT, tWS
tLPW
DEBOUNCE BY
WAITING FOR
STABLE HIGH, tHPW
L1_H
L1_L
WIPER MOVES HERE
(tLPW + tWS)
Figure 11a. Wiper Transition Timing Diagram (No Zero Crossing Detected)
Ambience Control
Use the ambience function for boom boxes, headphones, desktop speakers, or other audio products
where the speakers are physically close together. A
stereo signal is designed to be played over speakers
that have a wide physical separation. The ears and
brain combine the sound from these two sources to
create a perception of sounds distributed in space. In
the case of headphones, this wide physical separation
does not exist, resulting in the sound apparently coming from somewhere inside the head. A similar situation
exists when the speakers are not widely separated, for
example when they are located on a desk or inside a
single enclosure. One way to compensate for this is to
increase the apparent separation of the L and R signals
arithmetically. The L and R signals can be modeled as
a channel-specific component added to a monocomponent. To emphasize the channel-specific component,
one needs to remove the opposite channel-specific
component from the monocomponent.
This function is accomplished with circuitry inside the
MAX5406 and external network. Control the ambience
effect with the AMB button that toggles between wide
(full effect) and normal (no ambience effect). Use the following equations for matrix surround (fixed ambience):
______________________________________________________________________________________
19
MAX5406
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
PUSHBUTTON PRESSED
SWITCH
SWITCH
CONTACT CONTACT
IS BOUNCING IS STABLE
SWITCH
CONTACT
IS BOUNCING
READY TO ACCEPT
ANOTHER BUTTON PRESS
1
INPUT ACCEPTED
0
tHPW
tLPW
tWS
DEBOUNCE BY
WAITING FOR
STABLE HIGH, tHPW
WAIT FOR
DEBOUNCE BY
FIRST ZERO
WAITING FOR CROSSING, tWS
STABLE LOW, tIPW
WIPER MOVES HERE
WIPER MOTION
Figure 11b. Wiper Transition Timing Diagram (Zero Crossing Detected)
(LIN - RIN )
4
(LIN - RIN )
ROUT = RIN - FR(S) ×
4
LOUT = LIN + FL(S) ×
⎛ L -R ⎞
where ⎜ IN IN ⎟ is the signal at LMR.
⎝
⎠
4
3
1
LIN - RIN
2
2
3
1
ROUT = RIN - LIN
2
2
LOUT =
Use a passive filter network as shown in Figure 9 to filter
and delay the LMR signal in more advanced applications.
When FL(S) and FR(S) = 2 (LMR, AMBLI, and AMBRI are
connected with the multiplier network of Figure 8), the
equations become:
20
______________________________________________________________________________________
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
(LIN + RIN )
4
(LIN + RIN )
ROUT = RIN - FR(S) ×
4
LEFT CHANNEL
INPUT
CLSP
CCLS
CLSN
LOUT = LIN + FL(S) ×
RLS
VBIAS
SUBOUT
⎛ L +R ⎞
where ⎜ IN IN ⎟ are the signals at LPR.
⎝
⎠
4
RRS
RSUB
Connect a pseudostereo network (FL(S) and FR(S)) as
shown in Figure 10 to filter and delay the LPR signal
and create the pseudo signal.
Click/Pop Suppression
The click/pop suppression feature reduces the audible
noise (clicks and pops) that results from wiper transitions. The MAX5406 minimizes this noise by allowing
the wiper position changes only when the potential
across the pot is zero. Thus, the wiper changes position only when the voltage at L_ is the same as the voltage at the corresponding H_. Each wiper has its own
suppression and timeout circuitry (see Figure 11a). The
MAX5406 changes wiper position after 32ms or when
high = low, whichever occurs first (see Figure 11b).
Power-On Reset
The MAX5406 initiates power-on reset when V LOGIC
falls below 2.2V and returns to normal operation when
VLOGIC = +2.7V. A power-on reset places the volume in
the mute (-90dB) state and volume wipers gradually
move to -20dB over a period of 0.7s in 2dB steps if no
zero-crossing event is detected. All other controls
remain in the 0dB position.
Shutdown (SHDN)
The MAX5406 stores the current wiper setting of each
potentiometer in shutdown mode. The wipers move to
the mute position to minimize the signal out of LOUT
and ROUT. Returning from shutdown mode restores all
wipers to their previous settings. Button presses in
shutdown are ignored.
CCSUB
CSUB
CRSN
RIGHT CHANNEL
INPUT
CCRS
CRSP
Figure 12. Subwoofer Output Stage
MUTE is internally pulled high with a 50kΩ resistor
to VLOGIC.
Multiple Button Pushes
The MAX5406 ignores simultaneous presses of two or
more buttons. Pushing more than one button at the
same time does not change the state of the wipers.
Additionally, further key presses are ignored for 50ms
after all keys have been released. The MAX5406 does not
respond to any logic input until the blocking period ends.
Bias Generator
The MAX5406 generates a midrail, (VDD + VSS) / 2 bias
voltage, for use with the input amplifiers.
For normal single-supply operation and single-ended
signals, connect R1_L, L1_L, R2_L, and L2_L to VBIAS
and VSS to ground.
Enable the VBIAS generator by connecting CMSNS to VSS
or leave CMSNS unconnected. Disable the VBIAS generator by forcing CMSNS to VDD. For proper operation, do not
use VBIAS to power other circuitry.
Mute Function (MUTE)
The MAX5406 features a mute function that sets the
volume typically 90dB attenuation relative to full scale.
Successive pulses on MUTE toggle its setting.
Activating the mute function forces all wipers to the low
side of the potentiometer chain. Deactivating the mute
function returns the wipers to their previous settings.
______________________________________________________________________________________
21
MAX5406
Pseudostereo
Pseudostereo creates a sound approximating stereo
from a monophonic signal. Use the equations for pseudostereo response calculations:
MAX5406
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
Subwoofer Output
The subwoofer output of the MAX5406 combines and
filters the left and right inputs for output to a subwoofer.
Choose the capacitor values to set the bandpass filter
to frequencies between 15Hz and 100Hz.
Figure 12 shows the subwoofer output stage configuration. The subwoofer output is a monophonic signal produced by adding the left and the right input signals.
The amplifier of the subwoofer output stage produces a
bandpass response. Use the following formulas to
determine the cutoff frequencies for the bandpass filter:
fHIGHPASS =
fLOWPASS =
1
2 × π × R _ S × CC _ S
1
2 × π × RCSUB × CCSUB
where R_S is RLS or RRS and has the nominal value of
13.8kΩ, RCSUB has the nominal value of 10.6kΩ, and
CC_S is CCLS or CCRS. The external capacitors are as
shown in Figure 12.
22
Applications Information
Bass Boost
Some simple products may not need a variable bass
tone control. It may be desirable for such products
to have a bass-boost pushbutton. Tie BASSUP and
BASSDN together to provide a bass-boost feature.
When tied together, the bass boost is toggled between
0dB and maximum by pressing BASSUP or BASSDN.
Unequal Source Levels
Audio sources input to the MAX5406 may not have the
same full-scale voltage swings. Use a resistor in series
with the higher voltage swing input source to reduce
the gain for that input.
For example, to reduce the gain by half, add a 10kΩ
resistor in series with L1_H and R1_H, and a 20kΩ in
series with L1_L and R1_L.
Chip Information
PROCESS: BiCMOS
______________________________________________________________________________________
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
CMSNS
L1_H
3
46
R1_H
L1_L
4
L2_L
MAX5406
45
R1_L
5
44
R2_L
L2_H
6
43
R2_H
TOP VIEW
CRSP
CRSN
I.C.
AMB
BIAS
47
CBR1
CBR2
ROUT
48
2
CTR2
1
VSS
VDD
LPR
CBIAS
AMBRI
CTR1
TOP VIEW
36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25
TREBUP
TREBDN
BASSUP
LMR
7
42
VDD
R2_H
37
24
AMBLI
8
41
LPR
R2_L
R1_L
38
23
CTL1
9
40
AMBRI
39
22
40
21
CTL2
10
39
CTR1
41
20
BASSDN
SHDN
CBL1
11
38
CTR2
19
VLOGIC
CBL2
12
37
CBR1
R1_H
CMSNS
BIAS
CBIAS
VSS
18
42
LOUT
13
36
CBR2
L1_H
45
CLSN
14
35
ROUT
46
15
CLSP
15
34
CRSP
L1_L
L2_L
47
14
DGND
BALR
BALL
VOLUP
VOLDN
16
33
CRSN
L2_H
48
SUBOUT
13
MUTE
CSUB
17
32
I.C.
1
I.C.
LMR
AMBLI
CTL1
CTL2
CBL1
CBL2
MAX5406
AMB
30
TREBUP
VOLDN 20
29
TREBDN
VOLUP 21
28
BASSUP
BALL 22
27
BASSDN
BALR 23
26
SHDN
25
VLOGIC
DGND
24
17
16
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12
I.C.
31
44
LOUT
CLSN
CLSP
SUBOUT
CSUB
18
MUTE 19
43
TQFN
TSSOP
______________________________________________________________________________________
23
MAX5406
Pin Configurations
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
MAX5406
Typical Application Circuit
VDD
CBIAS
(
X2
CELL PHONE, MP3,
OR ACCESSORY
CONNECTORS
LMR
L1_H
STEREO IN1
VDD + VSS
AMBLI CBIAS
2
BIAS
)
X2
VSS
CMSNS VDD
R1_H
LPR AMBRI
MAX9761
LOUT
BTL
ROUT
BTL
MUTE
AMB
LEFT
SPEAKER
RIGHT
SPEAKER
VDD
VOLDN
VLOGIC
VOLUP
SHDN
DGND
MAX5406
CTR1
CCTR
BALR
CTL1
CCTL
CCSUB
STEREO IN2 (AUX)
TREBDN
CTL2
TREBUP
SUBOUT
L2_H
BASSDN
BASSUP
VSS CBR1 CBR2 CBL1 CBL2 CRSP CRSN CLSP CLSN DGND VLOGIC
CCBR
CCBL
CCRS
CCLS
+2.7V TO VDD
*OPTIONAL
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT SHOWS MAX5406 INTERNAL BIAS VOLTAGE OPERATION AND AUXILLIARY INPUT MIXING.
24
LEFT
SENSE
RIGHT
CSUB
R2_H
*
STEREO
HEADPHONE
JACK
BALL
CTR2
______________________________________________________________________________________
DGND
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
DETAIL A
32, 44, 48L QFN.EPS
E
(NE-1) X e
E/2
k
e
D/2
CL
(ND-1) X e
D
D2
D2/2
b
L
E2/2
e
E2
CL
L
L1
CL
k
DETAIL B
CL
L
L
e
A1
A2
e
A
PACKAGE OUTLINE
32, 44, 48, 56L THIN QFN, 7x7x0.8mm
21-0144
E
1
2
PACKAGE OUTLINE
32, 44, 48, 56L THIN QFN, 7x7x0.8mm
21-0144
E
2
2
______________________________________________________________________________________
25
MAX5406
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information,
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information,
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
48L TSSOP.EPS
MAX5406
Audio Processor with Pushbutton Interface
N
MARKING
AAA A
E
H
1 2 3
TOP VIEW
BOTTOM VIEW
SEE DETAIL A
b
A1
A2
A
CL
e
D
c
END VIEW
SEATING
PLANE
SIDE VIEW
(
b
)
PARTING
LINE
0.25
L
b1
WITH PLATING
DETAIL A
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONS D & E ARE REFERENCE DATUMS AND DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH.
2. MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS NOT TO EXCEED 0.15MM ON D SIDE, AND 0.25MM ON E SIDE.
3. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS.
4. THIS PART IS COMPLIANT WITH JEDEC SPECIFICATION MO-153, VARIATIONS, ED (48L), EE (56L).
5. "N" REFERS TO NUMBER OF LEADS.
6. THE LEAD TIPS MUST LIE WITHIN A SPECIFIED ZONE. THIS TOLERANCE ZONE IS DEFINED BY TWO PARALLEL
PLANES. ONE PLANE IS THE SEATING PLANE, DATUM (-C-), THE OTHER PLANE IS AT THE SPECIFIED DISTANCE
FROM (-C-) IN THE DIRECTION INDICATED.
7. MARKING IS FOR PACKAGE ORIENTATION REFERENCE ONLY.
8. NUMBER OF LEADS SHOWN ARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.
c1
c
BASE METAL
SECTION C-C
PACKAGE OUTLINE,
48 & 56L TSSOP, 6.1mm BODY
21-0155
C
1
1
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
26 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
© 2006 Maxim Integrated Products
Boblet
Printed USA
is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.