19-3146; Rev 0; 1/04 Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers The MAX9716/MAX9717 audio power amplifiers are ideal for portable audio devices with internal speakers. A bridge-tied load (BTL) architecture minimizes external component count, while providing high-quality audio reproduction. Both devices deliver 1.4W continuous power into a 4Ω load with less than 1% Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) while operating from a single +5V supply. With an 8Ω load, both devices deliver 1W continuous power. These devices also deliver 350mW continuous power into an 8Ω load while operating from a single +3.0V supply. The devices are available as adjustable gain amplifiers (MAX9716/MAX9717A) or with internally fixed gains of 6dB, 9dB, and 12dB (MAX9717B/ MAX9717C/MAX9717D), reducing component count. A low-power shutdown mode disables the bias generator and amplifiers, reducing quiescent current consumption to less than 10nA. These devices feature Maxim’s industry-leading, comprehensive click-and-pop suppression that reduces audible clicks and pops during startup and shutdown. The MAX9717 features a headphone sense input (BTL/SE) that senses when a headphone is connected to the device, disables the BTL slave driver, muting the speaker while driving the headphone as a single-ended load. The MAX9716 is pin compatible with the LM4890 and is available in 9-bump UCSP™, 8-pin TDFN (3mm x 3mm), and 8-pin µMAX packages. The MAX9717 is available in 9-bump UCSP, 8-pin TDFN, and 8-pin µMAX packages. Both devices operate over the -40°C to +85°C extended temperature range. Applications Mobile Phones Features ♦ 2.7V to 5.5V Single-Supply Operation ♦ 1.4W into 4Ω at 1% THD+N ♦ 10nA Low-Power Shutdown Mode ♦ 73dB PSRR at 1kHz ♦ No Audible Clicks or Pops at Power-Up/Down ♦ Internal Fixed Gain to Reduce Component Count (MAX9717B/C/D) ♦ Adjustable Gain Option (MAX9716/MAX9717A) ♦ BTL /SE Input Senses when Headphones are Connected (MAX9717) ♦ Pin Compatible with LM4890 (MAX9716) ♦ Pin Compatible with TPA711 (MAX9717A) ♦ Available in Compact, Thermally Enhanced µMAX and TDFN (3mm x 3mm) Packages Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PINPACKAGE GAIN (dB) MAX9716ETA -40°C to +85°C 8 TDFN-EP** Adj. MAX9716EBL-T* -40°C to +85°C 3 x 3 UCSP Adj. MAX9716EUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX-EP** Adj. *Future product—contact factory for availability. **EP = Exposed paddle. Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. Pin Configurations and Selector Guide appear at end of data sheet. PDAs Portable Devices Simplified Block Diagrams SINGLE SUPPLY 2.7V TO 5.5V SINGLE SUPPLY 2.7V TO 5.5V BIAS BIAS MAX9716 IN- MAX9717B/C/D IN- BTL/SE VCC UCSP is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX9716/MAX9717 General Description MAX9716/MAX9717 Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Supply Voltage (VCC to GND) ..................................-0.3V to +6V Any Other Pin to GND ...............................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) IN_, BIAS, SHDN, BTL/SE Continuous Current...................20mA OUT_ Short-Circuit Duration to GND or VCC (Note 1)...Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 8-Pin TDFN (derate 24.4mW/°C above +70°C) .........1951mW 8-Pin µMAX (derate 10.3mW/°C above +70°C) ...........825mW 9-Bump UCSP (derate 5.2mW/°C above 70°C) ...........412mW Operating Temperature Range ..........................-40°C to +85°C Maximum Junction Temperature ....................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Bump Temperature (soldering)........................................+235°C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—5V Supply (VCC = 5V, GND = 0, SHDN = VCC, TA = +25°C. CBIAS = 1µF, RIN = RF = 20kΩ (MAX9716/MAX9717A), IN+ = BIAS (MAX9716), BTL/SE = GND (MAX9717_), RL = ∞ connected between OUT+ and OUT-. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS Supply Voltage VCC Inferred by PSRR test Quiescent Supply Current ICC VIN- = VIN+ = VBIAS (Note 3), TA = -40°C to +85°C Shutdown Supply Current ISHDN SHDN Threshold MIN TYP MAX UNITS 5.5 V 4.3 8 mA 0.01 1 µA 2.7 SHDN = GND VIH 1.2 0.4 VIL 0.9 x VCC VIH BTL/SE Threshold V 0.7 x VCC VIL Common-Mode Bias Voltage Output Offset Voltage Power-Supply Rejection Ratio VBIAS VOS PSRR VCC/2 - 6% (Note 4) VIN- = VOUT+, VIN+ = VBIAS (Note 5) Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise POUT THD+N Output Noise Density en Signal-to-Noise Ratio SNR 2 VCC/2 + 6% V ±7 ±15 mV DC, VBIAS = 1.5V VIN+ = VBIAS, VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P, RL = 8Ω (Note 6) f = 217Hz 61 f = 1kHz 73 RL = 4Ω, THD+N = 1%, fIN = 1kHz (Note 7) 60 VCC/2 VCC = 2.7V to 5.5V RL = 8Ω, THD+N = 1%, fIN = 1kHz (Note 7) Output Power V 0.8 80 dB 1.1 1.4 W RL = 16Ω, BTL/SE = VCC (single-ended mode), THD+N = 1%, fIN = 1kHz 0.155 AV = 6dB, RL = 8Ω, fIN = 1kHz, POUT = 0.5W (Note 8) 0.024 % fIN = 10kHz 106 nV/√Hz THD+N = 1% 105 dB _______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—5V Supply (continued) (VCC = 5V, GND = 0, SHDN = VCC, TA = +25°C. CBIAS = 1µF, RIN = RF = 20kΩ (MAX9716/MAX9717A), IN+ = BIAS (MAX9716), BTL/SE = GND (MAX9717_), RL = ∞ connected between OUT+ and OUT-. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL Output Short-Circuit Current Limit ISC CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 1.1 A Thermal Shutdown Threshold +160 °C Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis 15 °C Power-Up/Enable from Shutdown Time (Note 10) 250 Shutdown Time tPU (Note 9) CBIAS = 0.1µF tSHDN Input Resistance RIN ms 25 5 MAX9717B/C/D 12 20 µs 28 kΩ ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—3V Supply (VCC = 3V, GND = 0, SHDN = VCC, TA = +25°C. CBIAS = 1µF, RIN = RF = 20kΩ (MAX9716/MAX9717A), IN+ = BIAS (MAX9716), BTL/SE = GND (MAX9717_), RL = ∞ connected between OUT+ and OUT-. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL Quiescent Supply Current ICC Shutdown Supply Current ISHDN CONDITIONS VIN- = VIN+ = VBIAS (Note 3), TA = -40°C to +85°C SHDN = GND VIH SHDN Threshold MIN TYP MAX UNITS 4 8.0 mA 0.01 1 µA 1.2 VIL 0.4 0.9 x VCC VIH BTL/SE Threshold V 0.7 x VCC VIL Common-Mode Bias Voltage Output Offset Voltage Power-Supply Rejection Ratio Output Power VBIAS VOS PSRR POUT Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise THD+N Output-Noise Density en Signal-to-Noise Ratio SNR V VCC/2 - 9% VCC/2 VCC/2 + 9% V VIN- = VOUT+, VIN+ = VBIAS (Note 5) ±7 ±15 mV VIN+ = VBIAS, VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P, RL = 8Ω (Note 6) f = 217Hz 61 f = 1kHz 73 (Note 4) dB RL = 8Ω, THD+N = 1%, fIN = 1kHz (Note 7) 350 RL = 4Ω, THD+N = 1%, fIN = 1kHz (Note 7) 525 AV = 6dB, RL = 8Ω, fIN = 1kHz, POUT = 0.5W, VCC = 3V (Note 8) mW 0.024 % fIN = 10kHz 106 nV/√Hz THD+N = 1% 100 dB _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX9716/MAX9717 Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—3V Supply (continued) (VCC = 3V, GND = 0, SHDN = VCC, TA = +25°C. CBIAS = 1µF, RIN = RF = 20kΩ (MAX9716/MAX9717A), IN+ = BIAS (MAX9716), BTL/SE = GND (MAX9717_), RL = ∞ connected between OUT+ and OUT-. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL Output Short-Circuit Current Limit ISC CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 1.1 A Thermal Shutdown Threshold +160 °C Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis 15 °C Power-Up/Enable from Shutdown Time (Note 10) 250 Shutdown Time Input Resistance tPU (Note 9) CBIAS = 0.1µF tSHDN RIN ms 25 5 MAX9717B/C/D 12 20 µs 28 kΩ Note 1: Continuous power dissipation must also be observed. Note 2: All specifications are tested at TA = +25°C. Specifications over temperature (TA = TMIN to TMAX) are not production tested, and guaranteed by design. Note 3: Quiescent power-supply current is specified and tested with no load. Quiescent power-supply current depends on the offset voltage when a practical load is connected to the amplifier. Note 4: Common-mode bias voltage is the voltage on BIAS and is nominally VCC/2. Note 5: VOS = VOUT+ - VOUT-. Note 6: The amplifier input IN- is AC-coupled to GND through CIN. Note 7: Output power is specified by a combination of a functional output current test and characterization analysis. Note 8: Measurement bandwidth for THD+N is 22Hz to 22kHz. Note 9: Extended short-circuit conditions result in a pulsed output. Note 10: Time for VOUT to rise to 50% of final DC value. 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY OUTPUT POWER = 800mW 0.1 OUTPUT POWER = 800mW 1 0.01 OUTPUT POWER = 30mW 0.001 100 1k 10k 0.001 10 100k 100 1k 10k 100k 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY 0.01 OUTPUT POWER = 50mW 1 OUTPUT POWER = 1W 0.1 100 1k 10k MAX9716 toc06 OUTPUT POWER = 250mW 0.001 10 100k OUTPUT POWER = 1W 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.001 1 OUTPUT POWER = 200mW 0.01 VCC = 5V RL = 4Ω AV = 12dB 10 THD+N (%) OUTPUT POWER = 200mW 10 THD+N (%) 0.1 VCC = 5V RL = 4Ω AV = 6dB 100k 100 MAX9716 toc05 100 MAX9716 toc04 1 100 1k 10k 100k 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (SINGLE-ENDED) VCC = 3V RL = 4Ω AV = 6dB VCC = 3V RL = 4Ω AV = 12dB 10 100 MAX9716 toc09 100 MAX9716 toc07 100 10 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) VCC = 3V RL = 8Ω AV = 12dB 10 10 FREQUENCY (Hz) 100 10 OUTPUT POWER = 30mW OUTPUT POWER = 200mW 0.001 10 OUTPUT POWER = 250mW 0.1 0.01 0.01 THD+N (%) MAX9716 toc02 1 VCC = 3V RL = 8Ω AV = 6dB 10 THD+N (%) 0.1 100 MAX9716 toc08 THD+N (%) 1 VCC = 5V RL = 8Ω AV = 12dB 10 THD+N (%) VCC = 5V RL = 8Ω AV = 6dB 10 100 MAX9716 toc01 100 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY MAX9716 toc03 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY VCC = 5V RL = 16Ω AV = 12dB 10 OUTPUT POWER = 350mW 0.1 THD+N (%) THD+N (%) THD+N (%) 1 1 1 OUTPUT POWER = 350mW 0.1 0.1 OUTPUT POWER = 125mW 0.01 0.01 OUTPUT POWER = 50mW 0.01 OUTPUT POWER = 50mW 0.001 0.0001 0.001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k OUTPUT POWER = 25mW 0.001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX9716/MAX9717 Typical Operating Characteristics (VCC = 5V, THD+N measurement bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz, BTL mode, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VCC = 5V, THD+N measurement bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz, BTL mode, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) fIN = 100Hz 0.1 fIN = 10kHz 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 0 500 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER 0.01 1 fIN = 100Hz 0.1 0.01 fIN = 1kHz 200 300 400 500 1 fIN = 10kHz 0.1 0.01 0.001 100 VCC = 5V RL = 4Ω AV = 12dB 10 fIN = 1kHz fIN = 100Hz 0.001 fIN = 10kHz MAX9716 toc15 VCC = 5V RL = 4Ω AV = 6dB 10 100 MAX9716 toc14 MAX9716 toc13 100 THD+N (%) 0.1 fIN = 100Hz fIN = 1kHz 0.001 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 OUTPUT POWER (mW) OUTPUT POWER (W) OUTPUT POWER (W) TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER (SINGLE-ENDED) fIN = 1kHz fIN = 10kHz 0.1 fIN = 100Hz 0.001 1 fIN = 1kHz fIN = 10kHz 0.1 0.01 fIN = 100Hz 0.001 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 100 VCC = 5V RL = 16Ω AV = 6dB 10 THD+N (%) 1 VCC = 3V RL = 4Ω AV = 12dB 10 THD+N (%) VCC = 3V RL = 4Ω AV = 6dB MAX9716 toc18 100 MAX9716 toc16 100 0 400 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER fIN = 10kHz 0.01 300 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER 1 10 200 OUTPUT POWER (mW) VCC = 3V RL = 8Ω AV = 12dB 0 100 OUTPUT POWER (W) THD+N (%) THD+N (%) fIN = 1kHz OUTPUT POWER (W) 100 10 fIN = 10kHz 0.001 0 1.4 fIN = 100Hz 0.1 fIN = 100Hz 0.001 0 1 0.01 fIN = 1kHz fIN = 1kHz 0.001 VCC = 3V RL = 8Ω AV = 6dB 10 0.01 0.01 6 MAX9716 toc11 1 0.1 100 THD+N (%) fIN = 10kHz TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER MAX9716 toc17 THD+N (%) 1 VCC = 5V RL = 8Ω AV = 12dB 10 THD+N (%) VCC = 5V RL = 8Ω AV = 6dB 10 100 MAX9716 toc10 100 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER MAX9716 toc12 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER THD+N (%) MAX9716/MAX9717 Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers fIN = 100Hz fIN = 1kHz 1 fIN = 10kHz 0.1 0.01 0.001 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 OUTPUT POWER (mW) _______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers THD+N = 10% 0.9 0.6 2.0 THD+N = 10% 1.5 1.0 THD+N = 1% THD+N = 1% 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.5 5.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 MAX9716 toc21 1 10 100 LOAD RESISTANCE (Ω) OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER 400 THD+N = 10% 300 THD+N = 1% 0.6 0.4 0 1 10 150 100 0 0 100 200 50 100 0 VCC = 3V RL = 8Ω f = 1kHz AV = 6dB 250 0.2 MAX9716 toc24 0.8 300 MAX9716 toc23 VCC = 5V RL = 8Ω f = 1kHz AV = 6dB POWER DISSIPATION (mW) 500 200 1.0 POWER DISSIPATION (W) 600 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 0 100 200 300 400 LOAD RESISTANCE (Ω) OUTPUT POWER (W) OUTPUT POWER (mW) POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER OUTPUT-NOISE DENSITY vs. FREQUENCY 0.8 500 400 300 200 0.4 100 0 0.8 1.2 OUTPUT POWER (W) 1.6 2.0 500 AV = 6dB 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 0.4 600 OUTPUT-NOISE DENSITY (nV/√Hz) 1.2 VCC = 3V RL = 4Ω f = 1kHz AV = 6dB 600 POWER DISSIPATION (mW) VCC = 5V RL = 4Ω f = 1kHz AV = 6dB MAX9716 toc26 700 MAX9716 toc25 2.0 POWER DISSIPATION (W) THD+N = 1% SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) VCC = 3V f = 1kHz AV = 6dB 0 1.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 700 1.6 THD+N = 10% 0 2.5 MAX9716 toc22 2.5 1.5 0.5 0 0 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 2.0 0.5 0.3 VCC = 5V f = 1kHz AV = 6dB MAX9716 toc27 1.2 RL = 4Ω f = 1kHz AV = 6dB 2.5 2.5 MAX9716 toc20 RL = 8Ω f = 1kHz AV = 6dB OUTPUT POWER (W) OUTPUT POWER (W) 3.0 MAX9716 toc19 1.8 1.5 OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE OUTPUT POWER (mW) OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 0 100 200 300 400 500 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 600 700 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX9716/MAX9717 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VCC = 5V, THD+N measurement bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz, BTL mode, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VCC = 5V, THD+N measurement bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz, BTL mode, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY MAX9716 toc29 60 30 -30 PSRR (dB) GAIN AND PHASE (°/dB) -10 -20 0 -40 -50 -30 -60 -60 6.0 5.5 5.0 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) AV = 60dB 90 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. VCC 0 MAX9716 toc28 120 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 -70 -90 2.5 -80 -120 2.0 -90 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M MAX9716 toc30 GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY 10 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE COMING OUT OF SHUTDOWN 3.1 2.7 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 MAX9716 toc31 5 5.5 GOING INTO SHUTDOWN MAX9716 toc33 SHDN 2V/div RL = 8Ω RL = 8Ω VCC = 5V OUT+ 1V/div OUT1V/div 4 VCC = 3V SHDN 2V/div OUT+ 1V/div OUT1V/div OUT+ - OUT200mV/div 3 2 OUT+ - OUT200mV/div 1 -40 -15 10 35 60 10µs/div 100ms/div 85 TEMPERATURE (°C) SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs. VCC 35 SHUTDOWN CURRENT (nA) 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 MAX9716 toc35 18 SHUTDOWN CURRENT (nA) 40 MAX9716 toc34 20 30 25 20 VCC = 5V 15 10 VCC = 3V 5 2 0 0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 VCC (V) 8 5.1 VCC (V) MAX9716 toc32 6 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) MAX9716/MAX9717 Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers 4.5 5.0 5.5 -40 -15 10 35 60 TEMPERATURE (°C) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 85 Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers PIN BUMP TDFN/µMAX NAME UCSP FUNCTION MAX9716 MAX9717 MAX9716 MAX9717 1 1 C3 C3 SHDN 2 2 C1 C1 BIAS 3 — A3 — IN+ Noninverting Input 4 4 A1 A1 IN- Inverting Input 5 5 A2 A2 OUT+ 6 6 B3 B3 VCC Power Supply. Bypass VCC with a 1µF capacitor to ground. 7 7 B1, B2 B1, B2 GND Ground 8 8 C2 C2 OUT- Bridge Amplifier Negative Output. OUT- becomes high-impedance when BTL/SE is driven high. — 3 — A3 BTL/SE EP EP — — EP Active-Low Shutdown DC Bias Bypass Capacitor Connection. Bypass BIAS to ground with a 1µF capacitor. Bridge Amplifier Positive Output BTL/Single-Ended Mode Input. Logic low sets the device in BTL mode. Logic high sets the device in single-ended mode. Exposed Pad. Connect EP to GND. Detailed Description The MAX9716/MAX9717 are 1.3W BTL speaker amplifiers. Both devices feature a low-power shutdown mode, and industry-leading click-and-pop suppression. The MAX9717 features a headphone sense input that disables the slave BTL amplifier to drive the headphone as a single-ended load. These devices consist of high output-current audio amps configured as BTL amplifiers (see Functional Diagrams). The closed-loop gain of the input op amp sets the single-ended gain of the device. Two external gain resistors set the gain of the MAX9716 and MAX9717A (see the Gain-Setting Resistor section). The MAX9717B/C/D feature internally set gains of 6dB, 9dB, and 12dB, respectively. The output of the first amplifier serves as the input of the second amplifier, which is configured as an inverting unity-gain follower. This results in two outputs, identical in amplitude, but 180° out-of-phase. BIAS The MAX9716/MAX9717 operate from a single 2.7V to 5.5V supply and feature an internally generated, commonmode bias voltage of VCC/2 referenced to ground. BIAS provides both click-and-pop suppression and sets the DC bias level for the audio outputs. The MAX9716 can be configured as a single-ended or differential input. For single-ended input, connect the noninverting input IN+ to BIAS externally. The MAX9717 BIAS is internally connected to the amplifier noninverting input IN+. input. Always bypass BIAS to ground with a capacitor. Choose the value of the bypass capacitor as described in the BIAS Capacitor section. Do not connect external loads to BIAS. Any load lowers the BIAS voltage, affecting the overall performance of the device. BTL/SE Control Input The MAX9717 features a headphone sense input, BTL/SE, that enables headphone jack sensing to control the power amplifier output configuration. Driving BTL/SE low enables the slave amplifier (OUT-). Driving BTL/SE high disables the slave amplifier. Shutdown Mode The MAX9716/MAX9717 feature a low-power shutdown mode that reduces quiescent current consumption to 10nA. Entering shutdown disables the bias circuitry, forces the amplifier outputs to GND through an internal 20kΩ resistor. Drive SHDN low to enter shutdown mode; drive SHDN high for normal operation. Click-and-Pop Suppression The MAX9716/MAX9717 feature Maxim’s industry-leading click-and-pop suppression circuitry. During startup, the amplifier common-mode bias voltage ramps to the DC bias. When entering shutdown, the amplifier outputs are pulled to GND through an internal 20kΩ resistor. This scheme minimizes the energy present in the audio band. The MAX9717 can only be used with a single-ended _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX9716/MAX9717 Pin Description MAX9716/MAX9717 Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers Power Dissipation and Heat Sinking VOUT(P-P) +1 Under normal operating conditions, the MAX9716/ MAX9717 dissipate a significant amount of power. The maximum power dissipation for each package is given in the Absolute Maximum Ratings section under Continuous Power Dissipation or can be calculated by the following equation: 2 x VOUT(P-P) VOUT(P-P) -1 Figure 1. Bridge-Tied Load Configuration Applications Information BTL Amplifier The MAX9716/MAX9717 are designed to drive a load differentially, a configuration referred to as bridge-tied load or BTL. The BTL configuration (Figure 1) offers advantages over the single-ended configuration, where one side of the load is connected to ground. Driving the load differentially doubles the output voltage compared to a single-ended amplifier under similar conditions. Thus, the differential gain of the device is twice the closed-loop gain of the input amplifier. The effective gain is given by: AV = 2 × RF RIN Substituting 2 x VOUT(P-P) for VOUT(P-P) into the following equations yields four times the output power due to doubling of the output voltage: VRMS = VOUT(P − P) 2 2 2 V POUT = RMS RL There is no net DC voltage across the load because the differential outputs are each biased at midsupply. This eliminates the need for DC-blocking capacitors required for single-ended amplifiers. These capacitors can be large and expensive, consume board space, and degrade low-frequency performance. 10 PDISSPKG(MAX) = TJ(MAX) − TA θ JA where TJ(MAX) is +150°C, TA is the ambient temperature, and θJA is the reciprocal of the derating factor in °C/W as specified in the Absolute Maximum Ratings section. For example, θJA of the TDFN package is 41°C/W. The increase in power delivered by the BTL configuration directly results in an increase in internal power dissipation over the single-ended configuration. The maximum power dissipation for a given VCC and load is given by the following equation: PDISS(MAX) = 2VCC2 π 2 RL If the power dissipation for a given application exceeds the maximum allowed for a given package, reduce power dissipation by increasing the ground plane heatsinking capability and the size of the traces to the device (see the Layout and Grounding section). Other methods for reducing power dissipation are to reduce V CC , increase load impedance, decrease ambient temperature, reduce gain, or reduce input signal. Thermal-overload protection limits total power dissipation in the MAX9716/MAX9717. Thermal protection circuitry disables the amplifier output stage when the junction temperature exceeds +160°C. The amplifiers are enabled once the junction temperature cools by 15°C. A pulsing output under continuous thermal-overload conditions results as the device heats and cools. Fixed Gain The MAX9717B, MAX9717C, and MAX9717D feature internally fixed gains of 6dB, 9dB, and 12dB, respectively (see the Selector Guide). Fixed gain simplifies designs, reduces pin count, decreases required footprint size, and eliminates external gain-setting resistors. Resistors R IN and R F shown in the MAX9717B/C/D Typical Operating Circuit are used to achieve each fixed gain. ______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers BIAS OUTIN+ RIN OUT+ IN- 1 f−3dB = RF Figure 2. Setting the MAX9716/MAX9717A Gain Adjustable Gain Gain-Setting Resistors External feedback resistors set the gain of the MAX9716 and MAX9717A. Resistors RF and RIN (see Figure 2) set the gain of the amplifier as follows: ⎛R ⎞ AV = 2⎜ F ⎟ ⎝ RIN ⎠ Where AV is the desired voltage gain. Hence, an RIN of 20kΩ and an RF of 20kΩ yields a gain of 2V/V, or 6dB. RF can be either fixed or variable, allowing the use of a digitally controlled potentiometer to alter the gain under software control. The gain of the MAX9717 in a single-ended output configuration is half the gain when configured as BTL output. Choose R F between 10kΩ and 50kΩ for the MAX9716 and MAX9717A. Gains for the MAX9717B/C/D are set internally. Input Filter CIN and RIN form a highpass filter that removes the DC bias from an incoming signal. The AC-coupling capacitor allows the amplifier to bias the signal to an optimal DC level. Assuming zero-source impedance, the -3dB point of the highpass filter is: f−3dB = 1 2πRINCIN Setting f -3dB too high affects the low-frequency response of the amplifier. Use capacitors with dielectrics that have low-voltage coefficients, such as tantalum or aluminum electrolytic. Capacitors with highvoltage coefficients, such as ceramics, can increase distortion at low frequencies. 2πRLCOUT As with the input capacitor, choose COUT such that f-3dB is well below the lowest frequency of interest. Setting f-3dB too high affects the amplifier’s low-frequency response. Load impedance is a concern when choosing COUT. Load impedance can vary, changing the -3dB point of the output filter. A lower impedance increases the corner frequency, degrading low-frequency response. Select COUT such that the worstcase load/C OUT combination yields an adequate response. Select capacitors with low ESR to minimize resistive losses and optimize power transfer to the load. Differential Input The MAX9716 can be configured for a differential input. The advantage of differential inputs is that any common-mode noise is attenuated and not passed through the amplifier. This input improves noise rejection and provides common-mode rejection (Figure 3). External components should be closely matched for high CMRR. Figure 4 shows the MAX9716 configured for a differential input. COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY 0 VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P RL = 8Ω CBIAS = 1µF -10 -20 -30 CMRR (dB) AUDIO INPUT CIN MAX9716 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 3. CMRR with Differential Input ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX9716/MAX9717 Output-Coupling Capacitor The MAX9717 require output-coupling capacitors to operate in single-ended (headphone) mode. The output-coupling capacitor blocks the DC component of the amplifier output, preventing DC current from flowing to the load. The output capacitor and the load impedance form a highpass filter with a -3dB point determined by: MAX9716/MAX9717 Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers RF 20kΩ VCC 220pF VCC ON CLICKLESS/POPLESS SHUTDOWN CONTROL SHDN OFF BIAS CBIAS OUT- 20kΩ CIN 0.33µF AUDIO INPUT CIN 0.33µF AUDIO INPUT RIN 20kΩ IN+ 20kΩ OUT+ RIN 20kΩ INGND MAX9716 RF 20kΩ 220pF VALUES SHOWN FOR 0dB GAIN. Figure 4. MAX9716 Differential Input BIAS Capacitor Layout and Grounding BIAS is the output of the internally-generated VCC/2 bias voltage. The BIAS bypass capacitor, CBIAS, improves the power-supply rejection ratio by reducing power supply and other noise sources at the common-mode bias node. CBIAS also generates the clickless/popless startup DC bias waveform for the speaker amplifiers. Bypass BIAS with a 1µF capacitor to GND. Larger C BIAS values improve PSRR but slow down tON time. Do not connect external loads to BIAS. Proper PC board layout and grounding is essential for optimizing performance. Use large traces for the power-supply inputs and amplifier outputs to minimize losses due to parasitic trace resistance. Large traces also aid in moving heat away from the package. Proper grounding improves audio performance and prevents digital switching noise from coupling into the audio signal. Supply Bypassing Proper power-supply bypassing ensures low-noise, low-distortion performance. Connect a 1µF ceramic capacitor from V CC to GND. Add additional bulk capacitance as required by the application. Connect the bypass capacitor as close to the device as possible. 12 The MAX9716/MAX9717 TDFN and µMAX packages feature exposed thermal pads on their undersides. This pad lowers the thermal resistance of the package by providing a direct-heat conduction path from the die to the printed circuit board. Connect the exposed pad to the ground plane using multiple vias, if required. ______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers For the latest application details on UCSP construction, dimensions, tape carrier information, printed circuit board techniques, bump-pad layout, and recommended reflow temperature profile, as well as the latest information on reliability testing results, refer to the application note, “UCSP—A Wafer-Level Chip-Scale Package” available on Maxim’s web site at http://www.maxim-ic.com/ucsp. UCSP Marking Information Pin A1 Bump Indicator AAA: Product ID code XXX: Lot Code AAA XXX Ordering Information (continued) PART TEMP RANGE PINPACKAGE GAIN (dB) MAX9717AEBL-T* -40°C to +85°C 3 x 3 UCSP Adj. MAX9717AETA -40°C to +85°C 8 TDFN-EP** Adj. MAX9717AEUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX-EP** Adj. MAX9717BEBL-T* -40°C to +85°C 3 x 3 UCSP 6 MAX9717BETA -40°C to +85°C 8 TDFN-EP** 6 MAX9717BEUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX-EP** 6 MAX9717CEBL-T* -40°C to +85°C 3 x 3 UCSP 9 MAX9717CETA -40°C to +85°C 8 TDFN-EP** 9 MAX9717CEUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX-EP** 9 MAX9717DEBL-T* -40°C to +85°C 3 x 3 UCSP 12 MAX9717DETA -40°C to +85°C 8 TDFN-EP** 12 MAX9717DEUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX-EP** 12 *Future product—contact factory for availability. **EP = Exposed paddle. Selector Guide PART BTL/SE INPUT GAIN (dB) MAX9716 — Adjustable MAX9717A √ Adjustable MAX9717B √ 6 MAX9717C √ 9 MAX9717D √ 12 Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 4877 PROCESS: BiCMOS ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX9716/MAX9717 UCSP Applications Information Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717 Pin Configurations TOP VIEW SHDN 1 BIAS 2 8 OUT- 7 GND SHDN 1 8 OUT- 7 GND 3 6 VCC IN- 4 5 OUT+ BIAS 2 MAX9717 MAX9716 3 6 VCC IN- 4 5 OUT+ IN+ BTL/SE µMAX µMAX MAX9716 TOP VIEW (BUMPS ON BOTTOM) MAX9717 1 2 3 A IN- OUT+ IN+ B GND GND C BIAS OUT- 1 2 3 A IN- OUT+ BTL/SE VCC B GND GND VCC SHDN C BIAS OUT- SHDN UCSP (1.5mm x 1.5mm) SHDN 1 BIAS 2 IN+ 3 IN- 4 MAX9716 8 OUT- SHDN 1 7 GND BIAS 2 6 VCC 5 OUT+ TDFN (3mm x 3mm x 0.8mm) 14 UCSP (1.5mm x 1.5mm) BTL/SE 3 IN- 4 MAX9717 8 OUT- 7 GND 6 VCC 5 OUT+ TDFN (3mm x 3mm x 0.8mm) ______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers VCC 1µF VCC ON CLICKLESS/POPLESS SHUTDOWN CONTROL SHDN OFF BIAS CBIAS 1µF OUT- 20kΩ IN+ CIN 0.33µF AUDIO INPUT 20kΩ OUT+ RIN 20kΩ INGND MAX9716 RF 40kΩ VALUES SHOWN FOR 12dB GAIN. VCC 1µF VCC ON CLICKLESS/POPLESS SHUTDOWN CONTROL SHDN OFF BIAS CBIAS 1µF OUT- 1kΩ 20kΩ COUT 100µF 20kΩ CIN 0.33µF AUDIO INPUT RIN 20kΩ OUT+ IN- BTL/SE 100kΩ MAX9717A VALUES SHOWN FOR BTL 12dB GAIN, HEADPHONE 6dB GAIN. RF 40kΩ GND 100kΩ VCC ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 MAX9716/MAX9717 Functional Diagrams/Typical Operating Circuits Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717 Functional Diagrams/Typical Operating Circuits (continued) VCC 1µF VCC ON CLICKLESS/POPLESS SHUTDOWN CONTROL SHDN OFF BIAS CBIAS 1µF OUT- 1kΩ 20kΩ IN+ CIN 0.33µF AUDIO INPUT IN- COUT 100µF 20kΩ OUT+ RIN 20kΩ BTL/SE RF 100kΩ GND 100kΩ VCC MAX9717B MAX9717C MAX9717D 16 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers 8L, µMAX, EXP PAD.EPS ______________________________________________________________________________________ 17 MAX9716/MAX9717 Package Information (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) Package Information (continued) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) 6, 8, &10L, DFN THIN.EPS MAX9716/MAX9717 Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers L A D D2 A2 PIN 1 ID 1 N 1 C0.35 b E PIN 1 INDEX AREA [(N/2)-1] x e REF. E2 DETAIL A e k A1 CL CL L L e e A DALLAS SEMICONDUCTOR PROPRIETARY INFORMATION TITLE: PACKAGE OUTLINE, 6, 8 & 10L, TDFN, EXPOSED PAD, 3x3x0.80 mm NUMBER OF LEADS SHOWN ARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY APPROVAL DOCUMENT CONTROL NO. 21-0137 REV. 1 D 2 COMMON DIMENSIONS SYMBOL A MIN. MAX. 0.70 0.80 D 2.90 3.10 E 2.90 3.10 A1 0.00 0.05 L k 0.20 0.40 0.25 MIN. A2 0.20 REF. PACKAGE VARIATIONS PKG. CODE N D2 E2 e JEDEC SPEC b T633-1 6 1.50±0.10 2.30±0.10 0.95 BSC MO229 / WEEA 0.40±0.05 1.90 REF T833-1 8 1.50±0.10 2.30±0.10 0.65 BSC MO229 / WEEC 0.30±0.05 1.95 REF T1033-1 10 1.50±0.10 2.30±0.10 0.50 BSC MO229 / WEED-3 0.25±0.05 2.00 REF [(N/2)-1] x e DALLAS SEMICONDUCTOR PROPRIETARY INFORMATION TITLE: PACKAGE OUTLINE, 6, 8 & 10L, TDFN, EXPOSED PAD, 3x3x0.80 mm APPROVAL DOCUMENT CONTROL NO. 21-0137 18 REV. D 2 2 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ___________________ 19 © 2004 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products. MAX9716/MAX9717 Package Information (continued) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)