KIT ATION EVALU E L B A IL AVA 19-3648; Rev 0; 4/05 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch Features The MAX9984 high-linearity downconversion mixer provides 8.1dB gain, +25dBm IIP3, and 9.3dB NF for 400MHz to 1000MHz base-station receiver applications*. With an optimized 570MHz to 850MHz LO frequency range, this particular mixer is ideal for low-side LO injection receiver architectures in the cellular band. High-side LO injection is supported by the MAX9986, which is pin-for-pin and functionally compatible with the MAX9984. In addition to offering excellent linearity and noise performance, the MAX9984 also yields a high level of component integration. This device includes a double-balanced passive mixer core, an IF amplifier, a dual-input LO selectable switch, and an LO buffer. On-chip baluns are also integrated to allow for single-ended RF and LO inputs. The MAX9984 requires a nominal LO drive of 0dBm, and supply current is guaranteed to be below 265mA. The MAX9984/MAX9986 are pin compatible with the MAX9994/MAX9996 1700MHz to 2200MHz mixers, making this entire family of downconverters ideal for applications where a common PC board layout is used for both frequency bands. The MAX9984 is also functionally compatible with the MAX9993. ♦ 400MHz to 1000MHz RF Frequency Range* ♦ 325MHz to 850MHz LO Frequency Range* (MAX9984) ♦ 960MHz to 1180MHz LO Frequency Range (MAX9986) ♦ 50MHz to 250MHz IF Frequency Range ♦ 8.1dB Conversion Gain ♦ +25dBm Input IP3 ♦ +13dBm Input 1dB Compression Point ♦ 9.3dB Noise Figure ♦ 71dBc 2RF-2LO Spurious Rejection at PRF = -10dBm ♦ Integrated LO Buffer ♦ Integrated RF and LO Baluns for Single-Ended Inputs ♦ Low -3dBm to +3dBm LO Drive ♦ Built-In SPDT LO Switch with 54dB LO1 to LO2 Isolation and 50ns Switching Time ♦ Pin Compatible with MAX9994/MAX9996 1700MHz to 2200MHz Mixers ♦ Functionally Compatible with MAX9993 ♦ External Current-Setting Resistors Provide Option for Operating Mixer in Reduced Power/Reduced Performance Mode ♦ Lead-Free Package Available The MAX9984 is available in a compact, 20-pin, thin QFN package (5mm x 5mm) with an exposed paddle. Electrical performance is guaranteed over the extended -40°C to +85°C temperature range. Applications 850MHz W-CDMA Base Stations Ordering Information GSM 850/GSM 900 2G and 2.5G EDGE Base Stations cdmaOne™ and cdma2000® Base Stations iDEN® Base Stations 400MHz to 700MHz OFDM/WiMAX CPE and Base-Station Equipment PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX9984ETP -40°C to +85°C 20 Thin QFN-EP** T2055-3 5mm × 5mm MAX9984ETP-T -40°C to +85°C 20 Thin QFN-EP** T2055-3 5mm × 5mm MAX9984ETP+D -40°C to +85°C 20 Thin QFN-EP** T2055-3 5mm × 5mm MAX9984ETP+TD -40°C to +85°C 20 Thin QFN-EP** T2055-3 5mm × 5mm Predistortion Receivers Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Wireless Local Loop Private Mobile Radios Military Systems Microwave Links Digital and Spread-Spectrum Communication Systems cdma2000 is a registered trademark of the Telecommunications Industry Association. cdmaOne is a trademark of CDMA Development Group. iDEN is a registered trademark of Motorola, Inc. PKG CODE *For an RF frequency range below 815MHz (LO frequency below 570MHz), appropriate tuning is required. See Table 2 for details. **EP = Exposed paddle. + = Lead free. D = Dry pack. T = Tape-and-reel. Pin Configuration/Functional Diagram and Typical Application Circuit appear at end of data sheet. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX9984 General Description MAX9984 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS θJA .................................................................................+38°C/W θJC .................................................................................+13°C/W Operating Temperature Range (Note A) ....TC = -40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C VCC to GND ...........................................................-0.3V to +5.5V IF+, IF-, LOBIAS, LOSEL, IFBIAS to GND...-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) TAP ........................................................................-0.3V to +1.4V LO1, LO2, LEXT to GND........................................-0.3V to +0.3V RF, LO1, LO2 Input Power .............................................+12dBm RF (RF is DC shorted to GND through a balun) .................50mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 20-Pin Thin QFN-EP (derate 26.3mW/°C above +70°C)...........2.1W Note A: TC is the temperature on the exposed paddle of the package. Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, no RF signal applied, IF+ and IF- outputs pulled up to VCC through inductive chokes, R1 = 953Ω, R2 = 619Ω, TC = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V, TC = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER SYMBOL Supply Voltage VCC Supply Current ICC LO_SEL Input-Logic Low VIL LO_SEL Input-Logic High VIH CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 4.75 5.00 5.25 V 222 265 mA 0.8 V 2 V AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, RF and LO ports are driven from 50Ω sources, PLO = -3dBm to +3dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fRF = 815MHz to 1000MHz, fLO = 570MHz to 850MHz, fIF = 160MHz, fRF > fLO, TC = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = 0dBm, fRF = 910MHz, fLO = 750MHz, fIF = 160MHz, TC = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER RF Frequency Range LO Frequency Range SYMBOL fRF fLO CONDITIONS MIN 815 (Notes 2, 3) 400 (Note 2) 570 (Notes 2, 3) 325 MAX9986 960 1180 250 fIF (Note 2) 50 Conversion Gain GC fRF = 910MHz, fLO = 750MHz, TC = +25°C 7.2 Gain Variation Over Temperature TC = -40°C to +85°C Conversion Gain Flatness Flatness over any one of three frequency bands: fRF = 824MHz to 849MHz fRF = 869MHz to 894MHz fRF = 880MHz to 915MHz Input Third-Order Intercept Point 2 P1dB IIP3 MAX (Note 2) IF Frequency Range Input Compression Point TYP (Note 4) fLO = 570MHz to 850MHz, fIF = 160MHz, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C (Note 5) 19 Two tones: fRF1 = 910MHz, fRF2 = 911MHz, PRF = -5dBm/tone, fLO = 750MHz, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C 22 1000 UNITS MHz 850 MHz 8.1 9.2 MHz dB -0.0079 dB/°C ±0.25 dB 13 dBm dBm 25 _______________________________________________________________________________________ SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, RF and LO ports are driven from 50Ω sources, PLO = -3dBm to +3dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fRF = 815MHz to 1000MHz, fLO = 570MHz to 850MHz, fIF = 160MHz, fRF > fLO, TC = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = 0dBm, fRF = 910MHz, fLO = 750MHz, fIF = 160MHz, TC = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL Input IP3 Variation Over Temperature Noise Figure NF CONDITIONS TC = +25°C to -40°C -1.5 +0.8 Single sideband, fIF = 190MHz PBLOCKER = +8dBm 2RF-2LO 3x3 3RF-3LO dB dB dB 24 0.25 dB 0.6 -3 2x2 UNITS 19 PBLOCKER = +11dBm LO Drive Spurious Response at IF MAX 9.3 PBLOCKER = PFUNDAMENTAL = -5dBm +8dBm fFUNDAMENTAL = 910MHz PBLOCKER = fBLOCKER = 911MHz +11dBm Small-Signal Compression Under-Blocking Condition TYP TC = +25°C to +85°C fRF = 900MHz (no signal) fLO = 1090MHz fBLOCKER = 981MHz fIF = 190MHz (Note 6) Noise Figure Under-Blocking MIN PRF = -10dBm +3 dBm 71 PRF = -5dBm 66 PRF = -10dBm 87 PRF = -5dBm 82 LO2 selected 47 54 LO1 selected 47 60 dBc LO1 to LO2 Isolation PLO = +3dBm TC = +25°C (Note 5) LO Leakage at RF Port PLO = +3dBm -32 dBm LO Leakage at IF Port PLO = +3dBm -23 dBm RF-to-IF Isolation PLO = +3dBm 54 dB LO Switching Time 50% of LOSEL to IF settled to within 2° 50 ns 14 dB RF Port Return Loss LO1/2 port selected, LO2/1 and IF terminated 23 LO1/2 port unselected, LO2/1 and IF terminated 20 LO driven at 0dBm, RF terminated into 50Ω, differential 200Ω 16 LO Port Return Loss IF Port Return Loss dB dB dB Note 1: All limits include external component losses. Output measurements taken at IF output of the Typical Application Circuit. Note 2: Operation outside this range is possible, but with degraded performance of some parameters. Note 3: See Table 2 for component list required for 400MHz to 500MHz operation. For operation from 500MHz to 800MHz, appropriate tuning is required; please contact the factory for support. Note 4: Compression point characterized. It is advisable not to operate continuously the mixer RF input above +12dBm. Note 5: Guaranteed by design and characterization. Note 6: Measured with external LO source noise filtered so the noise floor is -174dBm/Hz. This specification reflects the effects of all SNR degradations in the mixer, including the LO noise as defined in Maxim Application Note 2021. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX9984 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fRF > fLO, fIF = 160MHz, unless otherwise noted.) 9 8 TC = +85°C TC = +25°C 9 8 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 7 6 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY 1000 MAX9984 toc04 27 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 26 1100 TC = +25°C TC = -25°C 22 TC = -40°C 20 900 1000 23 21 20 19 700 12 11 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 9 8 TC = -40°C TC = -25°C 6 1000 1100 5 800 900 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 1000 900 1000 1100 NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY 10 9 8 800 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 12 11 10 9 8 7 7 6 6 5 700 700 NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY 10 7 900 MAX9984 toc08 TC = +25°C 800 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) MAX9984 toc07 TC = +85°C VCC = 5.0V 22 21 NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY 11 VCC = 5.25V 23 22 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 12 VCC = 4.75V 25 24 24 1100 1100 INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY NOISE FIGURE (dB) 800 1000 26 20 700 900 800 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) INPUT IP3 (dBm) 24 21 MAX9984 toc03 700 25 INPUT IP3 (dBm) 25 INPUT IP3 (dBm) 900 800 INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY TC = +85°C 23 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 27 26 8 6 700 MAX9984 toc05 900 800 9 7 6 700 4 10 MAX9984 toc09 7 10 CONVERSION GAIN (dB) TC = -40°C CONVERSION GAIN (dB) TC = -25°C CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY 11 MAX9984 toc02 MAX9984 toc01 10 CONVERSION GAIN (dB) CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY 11 MAX9984 toc06 CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY 11 NOISE FIGURE (dB) MAX9984 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 5 700 800 900 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 1000 700 800 900 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 1000 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fRF > fLO, fIF = 160MHz, unless otherwise noted.) 60 TC = +25°C 55 TC = -25°C, -40°C 65 60 PLO = +3dBm 55 PLO = 0dBm 45 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) MAX9984 toc13 85 TC = -40°C TC = -25°C TC = +25°C 65 55 1000 900 VCC = 5.25V 700 1000 1100 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 95 VCC = 5.25V 85 75 VCC = 4.75V VCC = 5.0V 65 800 900 1000 1100 700 INPUT P1dB (dBm) 14 11 1000 1100 INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY 13 12 900 15 MAX9984 toc17 15 800 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY 12 1100 PRF = -5dBm RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 13 1000 55 700 MAX9984 toc16 TC = +25°C TC = +85°C 900 3RF-3LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY 75 65 800 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 85 INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY TC = -25°C 55 1100 14 INPUT P1dB (dBm) 800 15 INPUT P1dB (dBm) 900 PRF = -5dBm RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 14 800 55 700 60 3RF-3LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY 95 3RF-3LO RESPONSE (dBc) 3RF-3LO RESPONSE (dBc) TC = +85°C 75 65 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 3RF-3LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY PRF = -5dBm VCC = 5.0V 70 45 700 3RF-3LO RESPONSE (dBc) 900 MAX9984 toc14 800 VCC = 4.75V 50 45 700 PRF = -5dBm 75 50 MAX9984 toc12 70 50 95 PLO = -3dBm MAX9984 toc15 65 PRF = -5dBm 2RF-2LO RESPONSE (dBc) TC = +85°C 2RF-2LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY 80 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 11 MAX9984 toc18 MAX9984 toc10 PRF = -5dBm 2RF-2LO RESPONSE (dBc) 2RF-2LO RESPONSE (dBc) 70 2RF-2LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY 75 MAX9984 toc11 2RF-2LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY 75 VCC = 5.25V 13 12 VCC = 5.0V VCC = 4.75V 11 TC = -40°C 10 10 9 10 9 700 800 900 1000 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 1100 9 700 800 900 1000 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 1100 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX9984 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fRF > fLO, fIF = 160MHz, unless otherwise noted.) LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. LO FREQUENCY TC = +85°C TC = +25°C 45 40 MAX9984 toc20 55 50 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 45 40 640 740 840 940 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 50 45 40 540 640 740 840 940 540 640 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY -10 MAX9984 toc22 TC = -25°C, -40°C -15 -10 -15 VCC = 5.0V -15 -20 TC = +85°C -25 TC = +25°C -30 -35 -20 -25 PLO = -3dBm -30 740 840 940 -25 -30 VCC = 4.75V -40 -40 640 -20 -35 -35 -40 540 640 740 840 540 940 640 740 840 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY TC = -25°C, -40°C -30 -40 TC = +25°C -30 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm -40 940 MAX9984 toc27 MAX9984 toc26 -20 -10 LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm) -20 -10 LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm) MAX9984 toc25 -10 940 VCC = 5.25V LO LEAKAGE (dBm) LO LEAKAGE (dBm) PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm LO LEAKAGE (dBm) 840 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) -10 540 740 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) MAX9984 toc23 540 55 MAX9984 toc24 55 60 LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) TC = -25°C, -40°C 50 60 MAX9984 toc19 60 LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. LO FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc21 LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. LO FREQUENCY LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm) MAX9984 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch -20 -30 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V -40 TC = +85°C -50 -50 540 640 740 840 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 6 940 -50 540 640 740 840 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 940 540 640 740 840 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 940 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fRF > fLO, fIF = 160MHz, unless otherwise noted.) RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY 50 45 40 TC = +25°C 50 45 40 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 35 TC = +85°C TC = -25°C 30 800 900 1000 1100 50 45 40 VCC = 5.0V VCC = 5.25V 30 700 800 900 1100 1000 700 800 900 1000 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY IF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY LO SELECTED RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 10 15 20 25 10 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 15 20 25 30 1000 1100 50 100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 150 200 250 30 PLO = -3dBm 40 350 300 540 640 240 VCC = 5.25V SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 5 740 840 940 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE (TC) MAX9984 toc34 0 LO UNSELECTED RETURN LOSS (dB) PLO = 0dBm 20 IF FREQUENCY (MHz) LO UNSELECTED RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY 10 15 PLO = +3dBm PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 20 MAX9984 toc35 900 10 50 30 800 MAX9984 toc33 LO SELECTED RETURN LOSS (dB) 5 IF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 5 1100 0 MAX9984 toc32 0 MAX9984 toc31 0 700 VCC = 4.75V 35 30 700 RF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 55 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) 55 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) 55 60 MAX9984 toc29 TC = -40°C 35 60 MAX9984 toc28 60 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc30 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY 230 220 210 VCC = 4.75V 25 VCC = 5.0V 200 30 540 640 740 840 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 940 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 TEMPERATURE (°C) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX9984 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 2, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fIF = 75MHz, unless otherwise noted.) 25 TC = -40°C INPUT IP3 (dBm) 24 8 7 LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO TC = -25°C TC = +85°C TC = -25°C 23 22 21 TC = +25°C TC = +25°C 6 70 65 LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO PRF = -5dBm 60 TC = +85°C TC = +25°C 55 50 TC = -25°C, -40°C 20 TC = -40°C TC = +85°C 19 5 400 440 460 480 45 400 500 420 440 460 480 400 500 420 440 460 480 500 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 3RF-3LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) RF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) IF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) TC = -25°C, -40°C 45 0 MAX9984 toc40 MAX9984 toc39 5 VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO IF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 55 0 RF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 65 LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO PRF = -5dBm TC = +25°C TC = +85°C 10 15 20 MAX9984 toc41 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 75 3RF-3LO RESPONSE (dBc) 420 MAX9984 toc38 9 CONVERSION GAIN (dB) 26 2RF-2LO RESPONSE (dBc) LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO MAX9984 toc37 10 2RF-2LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) MAX9984 toc36 CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO 10 20 30 25 30 35 400 420 440 460 480 420 440 460 480 50 500 100 150 200 LO SELECTED RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) LO UNSELECTED RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) 15 20 25 10 15 20 325 345 365 385 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 405 425 HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF TC = -40°C 9 8 TC = -25°C 7 TC = +25°C TC = +85°C 6 25 5 30 30 10 MAX9984 toc43 5 VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO CONVERSION GAIN (dB) 10 0 LO UNSELECTED RETURN LOSS (dB) 5 VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO MAX9984 toc44 IF FREQUENCY (MHz) MAX9984 toc42 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 8 40 400 500 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) LO SELECTED RETURN LOSS (dB) MAX9984 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch 325 345 365 385 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 405 425 400 420 440 460 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 480 500 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch TC = -25°C TC = +25°C INPUT IP3 (dBm) 75 2LO-2RF RESPONSE (dBc) TC = +85°C 23 22 21 20 TC = -40°C 19 HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF PRF = -5dBm TC = -25°C TC = +25°C, +85°C 70 75 65 65 60 TC = -40°C 55 TC = -40°C 45 55 50 18 400 420 HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF PRF = -5dBm TC = -25°C TC = +25°C TC = +85°C MAX9984 toc47 24 80 3LO-3RF RESPONSE (dBc) HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF MAX9984 toc45 25 3LO-3RF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) MAX9984 toc46 2LO-2RF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) 440 460 480 35 400 500 420 440 460 480 400 500 420 440 460 480 500 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) IF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) LO SELECTED RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) 10 15 20 VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF 10 20 30 25 30 440 460 480 50 500 VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF 10 15 20 25 100 150 200 IF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 475 495 515 535 555 575 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO UNSELECTED RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) 0 5 MAX9984 toc51 420 5 30 40 400 0 LO SELECTED RETURN LOSS (dB) IF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO LO UNSELECTED RETURN LOSS (dB) RF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 5 0 MAX9984 toc48 0 MAX9984 toc50 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) MAX9984 toc49 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF 10 15 20 25 30 475 495 515 535 555 575 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX9984 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 2, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fIF = 75MHz, unless otherwise noted.) MAX9984 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch Pin Description PIN NAME FUNCTION Power-Supply Connection. Bypass each VCC pin to GND with capacitors as shown in the Typical Application Circuit. 1, 6, 8, 14 VCC 2 RF Single-Ended 50Ω RF Input. This port is internally matched and DC shorted to GND through a balun. Requires an external DC-blocking capacitor. 3 TAP Center Tap of the Internal RF Balun. Bypass to GND with capacitors close to the IC, as shown in the Typical Application Circuit. 4, 5, 10, 12, 13, 17 GND Ground 7 LOBIAS 9 LOSEL 11 LO1 Local Oscillator Input 1. Drive LOSEL low to select LO1. 15 LO2 Local Oscillator Input 2. Drive LOSEL high to select LO2. 16 LEXT External Inductor Connection. Connect a low-ESR, 47nH inductor from LEXT to GND. This inductor carries approximately 140mA DC current. 18, 19 IF-, IF+ Differential IF Outputs. Each output requires external bias to VCC through an RF choke (see the Typical Application Circuit). 20 IFBIAS IF Bias Resistor Connection for IF Amplifier. Connect a 953Ω ±1% resistor from IFBIAS to GND. EP GND Bias Resistor for Internal LO Buffer. Connect a 619Ω ±1% resistor from LOBIAS to the power supply. Local Oscillator Select. Logic control input for selecting LO1 or LO2. Exposed Ground Paddle. Solder the exposed paddle to the ground plane using multiple vias. Detailed Description The MAX9984 high-linearity downconversion mixer provides 8.1dB of conversion gain and +25dBm of IIP3, with a typical 9.3dB noise figure. The integrated baluns and matching circuitry allow for 50Ω singleended interfaces to the RF and the two LO ports. A single-pole, double-throw (SPDT) switch provides 50ns switching time between the two LO inputs with 54dB of LO-to-LO isolation. Furthermore, the integrated LO buffer provides a high drive level to the mixer core, reducing the LO drive required at the MAX9984’s inputs to a -3dBm to +3dBm range. The IF port incorporates a differential output, which is ideal for providing enhanced IIP2 performance. Specifications are guaranteed over broad frequency ranges to allow for use in cellular band GSM, cdma2000, iDEN, and W-CDMA 2G/2.5G/3G base stations. The MAX9984 is optimized to operate over a 815MHz to 1000MHz RF frequency range, a 570MHz to 850MHz LO frequency range, and a 50MHz to 250MHz IF frequency range. Operation beyond these ranges is possible; see the Typical Operating Characteristics for additional details. For operation at a 400MHz to 500MHz RF frequency range, see the Typical Operating Characteristics and Table 2 for details. 10 RF Input and Balun The MAX9984 RF input is internally matched to 50Ω, requiring no external matching components. A DCblocking capacitor is required because the input is internally DC shorted to ground through the on-chip balun. LO Inputs, Buffer, and Balun The MAX9984 is ideally suited for low-side LO injection applications with an optimized 570MHz to 850MHz LO frequency range. Appropriate tuning allows for an LO frequency range below 570MHz (RF frequency below 815MHz). For a device with a 960MHz to 1180MHz LO frequency range, refer to the MAX9986 data sheet. As an added feature, the MAX9984 includes an internal LO SPDT switch that can be used for frequency-hopping applications. The switch selects one of the two singleended LO ports, allowing the external oscillator to settle on a particular frequency before it is switched in. LO switching time is typically less than 50ns, which is more than adequate for virtually all GSM applications. If frequency hopping is not employed, set the switch to either of the LO inputs. The switch is controlled by a digital input (LOSEL): logic-high selects LO2, logic-low selects LO1. To avoid damage to the part, voltage must be applied to VCC before digital logic is applied to LOSEL. LO1 and LO2 inputs are internally matched to 50Ω, requiring only a 82pF DC-blocking capacitor. ______________________________________________________________________________________ SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch High-Linearity Mixer The core of the MAX9984 is a double-balanced, highperformance passive mixer. Exceptional linearity is provided by the large LO swing from the on-chip LO buffer. When combined with the integrated IF amplifiers, the cascaded IIP3, 2RF-2LO rejection, and NF performance is typically 25dBm, 71dBc, and 9.3dB, respectively. Differential IF Output Amplifier The MAX9984 mixer has a 50MHz to 250MHz IF frequency range. The differential, open-collector IF output ports require external pullup inductors to VCC. Note that these differential outputs are ideal for providing enhanced 2RF-2LO rejection performance. Singleended IF applications require a 4:1 balun to transform the 200Ω differential output impedance to a 50Ω singleended output. Applications Information Input and Output Matching The RF and LO inputs are internally matched to 50Ω. No matching components are required for an 815MHz to 1000MHz RF frequency range. RF and LO inputs require only DC-blocking capacitors for interfacing. The IF output impedance is 200Ω (differential). For evaluation, an external low-loss 4:1 (impedance ratio) balun transforms this impedance down to a 50Ω singleended output (see the Typical Application Circuit). Capacitor CP is used at the RF input port to tune the mixer down to operate in the 400MHz to 500MHz RF frequency range (see Table 2). Operation between 500MHz to 815MHz would require a smaller capacitor CP. Contact the factory for details. LEXT Inductor LEXT serves to improve the LO-to-IF and RF-to-IF leakage. The inductance value can be adjusted by the user to optimize the performance for a particular frequency band. Since approximately 140mA flows through this inductor, it is important to use a low-DCR wire-wound coil. If the LO-to-IF and RF-to-IF leakage are not critical parameters, the inductor can be replaced by a short circuit to ground. Layout Considerations A properly designed PC board is an essential part of any RF/microwave circuit. Keep RF signal lines as short as possible to reduce losses, radiation, and inductance. For the best performance, route the ground pin traces directly to the exposed pad under the package. The PC board exposed pad MUST be connected to the ground plane of the PC board. It is suggested that multiple vias be used to connect this pad to the lower-level ground planes. This method provides a good RF/thermal conduction path for the device. Solder the exposed pad on the bottom of the device package to the PC board. The MAX9984 evaluation kit can be used as a reference for board layout. Gerber files are available upon request at www.maxim-ic.com. Power-Supply Bypassing Proper voltage-supply bypassing is essential for highfrequency circuit stability. Bypass each VCC pin and TAP with the capacitors shown in the Typical Application Circuit; see Table 1. Place the TAP bypass capacitor to ground within 100 mils of the TAP pin. Exposed Pad RF/Thermal Considerations The exposed paddle (EP) of the MAX9984’s 20-pin thin QFN-EP package provides a low thermal-resistance path to the die. It is important that the PC board on which the MAX9984 is mounted be designed to conduct heat from the EP. In addition, provide the EP with a low-inductance path to electrical ground. The EP MUST be soldered to a ground plane on the PC board, either directly or through an array of plated via holes. Bias Resistors Bias currents for the LO buffer and the IF amplifier are optimized by fine tuning resistors R1 and R2. If reduced current is required at the expense of performance, contact the factory for details. If the ±1% bias resistor values are not readily available, substitute standard ±5% values. Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1017 PROCESS: SiGe BiCMOS ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX9984 A two-stage internal LO buffer allows a wide input power range for the LO drive. All guaranteed specifications are for an LO signal power from -3dBm to +3dBm. The on-chip low-loss balun, along with an LO buffer, drives the double-balanced mixer. All interfacing and matching components from the LO inputs to the IF outputs are integrated on-chip. MAX9984 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch Table 1. Component List Referring to the Typical Application Circuit for 815MHz to 1000MHz RF Frequency Operation COMPONENT VALUE DESCRIPTION L1, L2 330nH Wire-wound high-Q inductors (0805) L3 47nH Wire-wound high-Q inductor (0603) C1 10pF Microwave capacitor (0603) C2, C4, C7, C8, C10, C11, C12 82pF Microwave capacitors (0603) C3, C5, C6, C9, C13, C14 0.01µF Microwave capacitors (0603) C15 220pF Microwave capacitor (0402) R1 953Ω ±1% resistor (0603) R2 619Ω ±1% resistor (0603) R3 3.57Ω ±1% resistor (1206) T1 4:1 balun IF balun (TC4-1W-7A) U1 MAX9984 Maxim IC Table 2. Component List Referring to the Typical Application Circuit for 400MHz to 995MHz RF Frequency Operation 12 COMPONENT VALUE DESCRIPTION L1, L2 820nH Wire-wound high-Q inductors (0805) L3 47nH Wire-wound high-Q inductor (0603) CP 7pF Microwave capacitor (0603) C1 56pF Microwave capacitor (0603) C2, C4, C7, C8, C10, C11, C12 220pF Microwave capacitors (0603) C3, C5, C6, C9, C13, C14 10nF Microwave capacitors (0603) C15 220pF Microwave capacitor (0402) R1 953Ω ±1% resistor (0603) R2 619Ω ±1% resistor (0603) R3 3.57Ω ±1% resistor (1206) T1 4:1 balun IF balun (TC4-1W-7A) U1 MAX9984 Maxim IC ______________________________________________________________________________________ SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch IFBIAS IF+ IF- GND LEXT 20 19 18 17 16 VCC 1 15 LO2 RF 2 MAX9984 14 VCC 11 LO1 6 7 8 9 10 GND GND 5 LOSEL 12 GND VCC GND 4 LOBIAS 13 GND VCC TAP 3 THIN QFN ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX9984 Pin Configuration/Functional Diagram MAX9984 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch Typical Application Circuit VCC T1 3 IF OUTPUT 6 R3 L1 2 L2 C14 C3 C2 GND IF- IF+ 19 20 VCC 18 17 RF CP* C5 TAP C4 GND 16 C12 1 15 C1 RF INPUT 4 L3 IFBIAS VCC 1 C15 R1 LEXT C13 MAX9984 2 14 3 13 4 12 5 11 LO2 LO2 INPUT VCC VCC C11 GND GND C10 LOSEL LOBIAS VCC 9 LO1 10 GND 8 7 6 VCC GND R2 VCC C6 LOSEL INPUT C7 C8 VCC C9 *CP NEEDED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY OPERATION. SEE TABLE 2. 14 ______________________________________________________________________________________ LO1 INPUT SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch QFN THIN.EPS D2 D MARKING b C L 0.10 M C A B D2/2 D/2 k L XXXXX E/2 E2/2 C L (NE-1) X e E DETAIL A PIN # 1 I.D. E2 PIN # 1 I.D. 0.35x45° e/2 e (ND-1) X e DETAIL B e L1 L C L C L L L e e 0.10 C A C 0.08 C A1 A3 PACKAGE OUTLINE, 16, 20, 28, 32, 40L THIN QFN, 5x5x0.8mm 21-0140 -DRAWING NOT TO SCALE- COMMON DIMENSIONS A1 A3 b D E e k L L1 N ND NE JEDEC 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.70 0.75 0.80 0 0.02 0.05 0.20 REF. 0.25 0.30 0.35 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 0.80 BSC. 0.25 - 0 0.02 0.05 0 0.02 0.05 0 0.02 0.05 0.20 REF. 0.20 REF. 0.20 REF. 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.30 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 0.50 BSC. 0.65 BSC. 0.50 BSC. - 0.25 - 0.25 0.25 - 0 0.02 0.05 0.20 REF. 0.15 0.20 0.25 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 0.40 BSC. 0.25 0.35 0.45 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.45 0.55 0.65 0.45 0.55 0.65 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.40 0.50 0.60 - 0.30 0.40 0.50 16 4 4 20 5 5 WHHB WHHC 1 2 EXPOSED PAD VARIATIONS PKG. 16L 5x5 20L 5x5 28L 5x5 32L 5x5 40L 5x5 SYMBOL MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX. A H 28 7 7 WHHD-1 32 8 8 40 10 10 WHHD-2 ----- NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING & TOLERANCING CONFORM TO ASME Y14.5M-1994. 2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. ANGLES ARE IN DEGREES. 3. N IS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF TERMINALS. 4. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER AND TERMINAL NUMBERING CONVENTION SHALL CONFORM TO JESD 95-1 SPP-012. DETAILS OF TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER ARE OPTIONAL, BUT MUST BE LOCATED WITHIN THE ZONE INDICATED. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER MAY BE EITHER A MOLD OR MARKED FEATURE. 5. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO METALLIZED TERMINAL AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.25 mm AND 0.30 mm FROM TERMINAL TIP. D2 L E2 PKG. CODES MIN. NOM. MAX. T1655-1 T1655-2 T1655N-1 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.20 3.20 3.20 T2055-2 T2055-3 T2055-4 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.20 3.20 3.20 T2055-5 T2855-1 T2855-2 T2855-3 T2855-4 T2855-5 T2855-6 T2855-7 T2855-8 T2855N-1 T3255-2 T3255-3 T3255-4 T3255N-1 3.15 3.15 2.60 3.15 2.60 2.60 3.15 2.60 3.15 3.15 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.25 3.25 2.70 3.25 2.70 2.70 3.25 2.70 3.25 3.25 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.15 3.15 2.60 3.15 2.60 2.60 3.15 2.60 3.15 3.15 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.25 3.25 2.70 3.25 2.70 2.70 3.25 2.70 3.25 3.25 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.35 3.35 2.80 3.35 2.80 2.80 3.35 2.80 3.35 3.35 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 T4055-1 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.35 3.35 2.80 3.35 2.80 2.80 3.35 2.80 3.35 3.35 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 MIN. NOM. MAX. ±0.15 ** ** ** ** ** ** 0.40 DOWN BONDS ALLOWED NO YES NO NO YES NO YES ** NO NO YES YES NO ** ** 0.40 ** ** ** ** ** NO YES YES NO NO YES NO NO ** YES ** ** ** ** ** SEE COMMON DIMENSIONS TABLE 6. ND AND NE REFER TO THE NUMBER OF TERMINALS ON EACH D AND E SIDE RESPECTIVELY. 7. DEPOPULATION IS POSSIBLE IN A SYMMETRICAL FASHION. 8. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED HEAT SINK SLUG AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS. 9. DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MO220, EXCEPT EXPOSED PAD DIMENSION FOR T2855-1, T2855-3, AND T2855-6. 10. WARPAGE SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.10 mm. 11. MARKING IS FOR PACKAGE ORIENTATION REFERENCE ONLY. 12. NUMBER OF LEADS SHOWN ARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY. 13. LEAD CENTERLINES TO BE AT TRUE POSITION AS DEFINED BY BASIC DIMENSION "e", ±0.05. PACKAGE OUTLINE, 16, 20, 28, 32, 40L THIN QFN, 5x5x0.8mm 21-0140 -DRAWING NOT TO SCALE- H 2 2 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 15 © 2005 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. MAX9984 Package Information (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)