ZILOG Z8F4821VN020EC

High Performance 8-Bit Microcontrollers
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
PS019915-1005
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532 Race Street
San Jose, CA 95126
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Fax: 408.558.8300
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products and/or service names mentioned herein may be trademarks of the companies with which
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©2005 by ZiLOG, Inc. All rights reserved. Information in this publication concerning the devices,
applications, or technology described is intended to suggest possible uses and may be superseded.
ZiLOG, INC. DOES NOT ASSUME LIABILITY FOR OR PROVIDE A REPRESENTATION OF
ACCURACY OF THE INFORMATION, DEVICES, OR TECHNOLOGY DESCRIBED IN THIS
DOCUMENT. ZiLOG ALSO DOES NOT ASSUME LIABILITY FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
INFRINGEMENT RELATED IN ANY MANNER TO USE OF INFORMATION, DEVICES, OR
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PS019915-1005
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
iii
Revision History
Each instance in Table 1 reflects a change to this document from its previous revision. To see more detail, click the appropriate link in the table.
Table 1. Revision History of this Document
Revision
Level
Description
January
2005
12
Added Die Form Sales information to Table 1.
March
2005
13
Provided timing equation when the Baud Rate Generator for a
peripheral is used as a simple timer. Closes CR#5618.
August
2005
14
Updated “Manual Objectives” on page xviii, “Introduction” on page 1, “Available
Packages” on page 6, “Program Memory” on page 18, “Flash Memory” on
page 178, “Option Bits” on page 190, “On-Chip Debugger Commands” on
page 198, “Absolute Maximum Ratings” on page 209, “DC Characteristics” on
page 211, Figure 48 on page 218, “On-Chip Peripheral AC and DC Electrical
Characteristics” on page 219, “AC Characteristics” on page 224, “Ordering
Information” on page 262, and “Part Number Suffix Designations” on page 267.
Removed “Preliminary” from all pages. Deleted first sentence of “Electrical
Characteristics” chapter. Deleted “Precharacterization Product” section in the
“Packaging” chapter. Added automotive/industrial parts; removed all ROM
references.
October
2005
15
The paragraph tag for “Ordering Information” has been changed from
H1 Heading to Chapter Title.
Date
PS019915-1005
Page #
2
109, 115,
131, 137,
155
262
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
iv
Table of Contents
Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv
Manual Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviii
About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviii
Intended Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviii
Manual Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviii
Safeguards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx
Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Part Selection Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
CPU and Peripheral Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
eZ8 CPU Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
General Purpose I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Flash Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
UARTs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
I2C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Serial Peripheral Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Interrupt Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Reset Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
On-Chip Debugger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
DMA Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Signal and Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Available Packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Pin Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Signal Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Pin Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Address Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Register File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Program Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
PS019915-1005
Table of Contents
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
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Data Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Register File Address Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Control Register Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reset and STOP Mode Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reset Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reset Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power-On Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Voltage Brown-Out Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Watch-Dog Timer Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
External Pin Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On-Chip Debugger Initiated Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STOP Mode Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STOP Mode Recovery Using Watch-Dog Timer Time-Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STOP Mode Recovery Using a GPIO Port Pin Transition HALT . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Low-Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STOP Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HALT Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General-Purpose I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GPIO Port Availability By Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GPIO Alternate Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GPIO Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GPIO Control Register Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Port A-H Address Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Port A-H Control Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Port A-H Input Data Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Port A–H Output Data Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interrupt Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interrupt Vector Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Master Interrupt Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interrupt Vectors and Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interrupt Assertion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Software Interrupt Assertion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Table of Contents
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
vi
Interrupt Control Register Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Interrupt Request 0 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Interrupt Request 1 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Interrupt Request 2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
IRQ0 Enable High and Low Bit Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
IRQ1 Enable High and Low Bit Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
IRQ2 Enable High and Low Bit Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Interrupt Edge Select Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Interrupt Port Select Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Interrupt Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Timer Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Reading the Timer Count Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Timer Output Signal Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Timer Control Register Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Timer 0-3 High and Low Byte Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Timer Reload High and Low Byte Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Timer 0-3 PWM High and Low Byte Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Timer 0-3 Control 0 Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Timer 0-3 Control 1 Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Watch-Dog Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Watch-Dog Timer Refresh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Watch-Dog Timer Time-Out Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Watch-Dog Timer Reload Unlock Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Watch-Dog Timer Control Register Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Watch-Dog Timer Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Watch-Dog Timer Reload Upper, High and Low Byte Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
UART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Transmitting Data using the Polled Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Transmitting Data using the Interrupt-Driven Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Receiving Data using the Polled Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Receiving Data using the Interrupt-Driven Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
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Table of Contents
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
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Clear To Send (CTS) Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
External Driver Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UART Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UART Baud Rate Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UART Control Register Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UART Transmit Data Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UART Receive Data Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UART Status 0 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UART Status 1 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UART Control 0 and Control 1 Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UART Address Compare Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UART Baud Rate High and Low Byte Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Infrared Encoder/Decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transmitting IrDA Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receiving IrDA Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Infrared Encoder/Decoder Control Register Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Serial Peripheral Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Clock Phase and Polarity Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Multi-Master Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slave Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Error Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Baud Rate Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Control Register Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Data Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Mode Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Diagnostic State Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Baud Rate High and Low Byte Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PS019915-1005
104
104
105
106
108
109
109
110
110
112
112
115
115
120
120
120
121
121
122
124
125
125
125
126
127
128
130
130
131
131
132
133
133
133
135
136
137
138
139
139
140
Table of Contents
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
viii
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SDA and SCL Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Software Control of I2C Transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Start and Stop Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Master Write and Read Transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Address Only Transaction with a 7-bit Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Write Transaction with a 7-Bit Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Address Only Transaction with a 10-bit Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Write Transaction with a 10-Bit Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Read Transaction with a 7-Bit Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Read Transaction with a 10-Bit Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Control Register Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Data Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Baud Rate High and Low Byte Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Diagnostic State Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Diagnostic Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Direct Memory Access Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMA0 and DMA1 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuring DMA0 and DMA1 for Data Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMA_ADC Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuring DMA_ADC for Data Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMA Control Register Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMAx Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMAx I/O Address Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMAx Address High Nibble Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMAx Start/Current Address Low Byte Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMAx End Address Low Byte Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMA_ADC Address Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMA_ADC Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMA Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Analog-to-Digital Converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automatic Power-Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Single-Shot Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PS019915-1005
140
141
141
142
143
143
144
145
146
147
149
150
152
152
153
155
156
158
160
161
161
161
161
162
162
163
163
163
165
165
166
166
167
168
169
171
171
171
172
172
173
Table of Contents
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
ix
Continuous Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMA Control of the ADC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ADC Control Register Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ADC Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ADC Data High Byte Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ADC Data Low Bits Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Timing Using the Flash Frequency Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Read Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Write/Erase Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Byte Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page Erase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mass Erase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Controller Bypass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Controller Behavior in Debug Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Control Register Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page Select Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Sector Protect Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Frequency High and Low Byte Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Option Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Option Bit Configuration By Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Option Bit Address Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Memory Address 0000H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Memory Address 0001H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On-Chip Debugger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OCD Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Debug Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OCD Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OCD Auto-Baud Detector/Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OCD Serial Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Breakpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PS019915-1005
173
174
175
175
176
176
178
178
180
180
181
181
181
182
183
184
184
184
185
185
186
187
188
189
190
190
190
190
190
191
192
193
193
193
194
194
195
196
196
197
197
Table of Contents
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
x
On-Chip Debugger Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On-Chip Debugger Control Register Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OCD Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OCD Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
198
202
202
204
On-Chip Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crystal Oscillator Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oscillator Operation with an External RC Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
205
205
205
205
207
Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On-Chip Peripheral AC and DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Purpose I/O Port Input Data Sample Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Purpose I/O Port Output Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On-Chip Debugger Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Master Mode Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Slave Mode Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UART Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
209
209
211
219
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assembly Language Programming Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assembly Language Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
eZ8 CPU Instruction Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Condition Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
eZ8 CPU Instruction Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flags Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
233
233
234
234
237
238
242
252
Opcode Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part Number Suffix Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Document Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Customer Feedback Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
262
267
268
269
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
PS019915-1005
Table of Contents
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
xi
List of Figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
Figure 17.
Figure 18.
Figure 19.
Figure 20.
Figure 21.
Figure 22.
Figure 23.
Figure 24.
Figure 25.
Figure 26.
Figure 27.
Figure 28.
Figure 29.
Figure 30.
Figure 31.
Figure 32.
PS019915-1005
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
64K Series in 40-Pin Dual Inline Package (PDIP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
64K Series in 44-Pin Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
64K Series in 44-Pin Low-Profile Quad Flat Package (LQFP) . . . . . . . . . . . 9
64K Series in 64-Pin Low-Profile Quad Flat Package (LQFP) . . . . . . . . . . 10
64K Series in 68-Pin Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
64K Series in 80-Pin Quad Flat Package (QFP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Power-On Reset Operation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Voltage Brown-Out Reset Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
GPIO Port Pin Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Interrupt Controller Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Timer Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
UART Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
UART Asynchronous Data Format without Parity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
UART Asynchronous Data Format with Parity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
UART Asynchronous MULTIPROCESSOR Mode Data Format . . . . . . 104
UART Driver Enable Signal Timing
(shown with 1 Stop Bit and Parity) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
UART Receiver Interrupt Service Routine Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Infrared Data Communication System Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Infrared Data Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Infrared Data Reception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
SPI Configured as a Master in a Single Master, Single Slave System . . . 125
SPI Configured as a Master in a Single Master, Multiple Slave System . . 126
SPI Configured as a Slave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
SPI Timing When PHASE is 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
SPI Timing When PHASE is 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
I2C Controller Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
7-Bit Address Only Transaction Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
7-Bit Addressed Slave Data Transfer Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
10-Bit Address Only Transaction Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
10-Bit Addressed Slave Data Transfer Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Receive Data Transfer Format for a 7-Bit Addressed Slave . . . . . . . . . . . 149
List of Figures
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
xii
Figure 33.
Figure 34.
Figure 35.
Figure 36.
Figure 37.
Figure 38.
Figure 39.
Figure 40.
Figure 41.
Figure 42.
Figure 43.
Figure 44.
Figure 45.
Figure 46.
Figure 47.
Figure 48.
Figure 49.
Figure 50.
Figure 51.
Figure 52.
Figure 53.
Figure 54.
Figure 55.
Figure 56.
Figure 57.
Figure 58.
Figure 59.
Figure 60.
Figure 61.
Figure 62.
Figure 63.
Figure 64.
PS019915-1005
Receive Data Format for a 10-Bit Addressed Slave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Analog-to-Digital Converter Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Memory Arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On-Chip Debugger Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interfacing the On-Chip Debugger’s DBG Pin
with an RS-232 Interface (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interfacing the On-Chip Debugger’s DBG Pin
with an RS-232 Interface (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OCD Data Format 196
Recommended 20MHz Crystal Oscillator Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting the On-Chip Oscillator to an External RC Network . . . . . . . .
Typical RC Oscillator Frequency as a Function of the
External Capacitance with a 45kW Resistor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Typical Active Mode Idd Versus System Clock Frequency . . . . . . . . . . .
Maximum Active Mode Idd Versus System Clock Frequency . . . . . . . . .
Typical HALT Mode Idd Versus System Clock Frequency . . . . . . . . . . .
Maximum HALT Mode Icc Versus System Clock Frequency . . . . . . . . .
Maximum STOP Mode Idd with VBO enabled
versus Power Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maximum STOP Mode Idd with VBO Disabled
versus Power Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Analog-to-Digital Converter Frequency Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Port Input Sample Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GPIO Port Output Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On-Chip Debugger Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Master Mode Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Slave Mode Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UART Timing with CTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UART Timing without CTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flags Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Opcode Map Cell Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
First Opcode Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Second Opcode Map after 1FH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40-Lead Plastic Dual-Inline Package (PDIP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
44-Lead Low-Profile Quad Flat Package (LQFP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
44-Lead Plastic Lead Chip Carrier Package (PLCC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
150
172
179
193
194
195
206
207
208
213
214
215
216
217
218
223
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
252
253
255
256
257
258
259
List of Figures
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
xiii
Figure 65. 64-Lead Low-Profile Quad Flat Package (LQFP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Figure 66. 68-Lead Plastic Lead Chip Carrier Package (PLCC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
Figure 67. 80-Lead Quad-Flat Package (QFP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
PS019915-1005
List of Figures
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
xiv
List of Tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Table 14.
Table 15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Table 19.
Table 20.
Table 21.
Table 22.
Table 23.
Table 24.
Table 25.
Table 26.
Table 27.
Table 28.
Table 29.
Table 30.
Table 31.
Table 32.
Table 33.
PS019915-1005
Revision History of this Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series Part Selection Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series Package Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Signal Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Pin Characteristics of the 64K Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Z8 Encore® 64K Series Program Memory Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series Information Area Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
64K Series Register File Address Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Reset and STOP Mode Recovery Characteristics and Latency . . . . . . . . . . 43
Reset Sources and Resulting Reset Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
STOP Mode Recovery Sources and Resulting Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Port Availability by Device and Package Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Port Alternate Function Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Port A-H GPIO Address Registers (PxADDR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
GPIO Port Registers and Sub-Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Port A–H Control Registers (PxCTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Port A-H Data Direction Sub-Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Port A-H Alternate Function Sub-Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Port A-H Output Control Sub-Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Port A–H High Drive Enable Sub-Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Port A–H Input Data Registers (PxIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Port A-H STOP Mode Recovery Source Enable Sub-Registers . . . . . . . . . 60
Port A-H Output Data Register (PxOUT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Interrupt Vectors in Order of Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Interrupt Request 0 Register (IRQ0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Interrupt Request 1 Register (IRQ1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Interrupt Request 2 Register (IRQ2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
IRQ0 Enable and Priority Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
IRQ0 Enable High Bit Register (IRQ0ENH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
IRQ0 Enable Low Bit Register (IRQ0ENL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
IRQ1 Enable and Priority Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
IRQ1 Enable Low Bit Register (IRQ1ENL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
IRQ2 Enable and Priority Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
List of Tables
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
xv
Table 34.
Table 35.
Table 36.
Table 37.
Table 38.
Table 39.
Table 40.
Table 41.
Table 42.
Table 43.
Table 44.
Table 45.
Table 46.
Table 47.
Table 48.
Table 49.
Table 50.
Table 51.
Table 52.
Table 53.
Table 54.
Table 55.
Table 56.
Table 57.
Table 58.
Table 59.
Table 60.
Table 61.
Table 62.
Table 63.
Table 64.
Table 65.
Table 66.
Table 67.
Table 68.
Table 69.
PS019915-1005
IRQ1 Enable High Bit Register (IRQ1ENH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
IRQ2 Enable Low Bit Register (IRQ2ENL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
IRQ2 Enable High Bit Register (IRQ2ENH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Interrupt Edge Select Register (IRQES) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Interrupt Port Select Register (IRQPS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Interrupt Control Register (IRQCTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Timer 0-3 High Byte Register (TxH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Timer 0-3 Low Byte Register (TxL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Timer 0-3 Reload High Byte Register (TxRH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Timer 0-3 Reload Low Byte Register (TxRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Timer 0-3 PWM High Byte Register (TxPWMH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Timer 0-3 PWM Low Byte Register (TxPWML) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Timer 0-3 Control 0 Register (TxCTL0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Timer 0-3 Control 1 Register (TxCTL1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Watch-Dog Timer Approximate Time-Out Delays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Watch-Dog Timer Control Register (WDTCTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Watch-Dog Timer Reload Upper Byte Register (WDTU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Watch-Dog Timer Reload High Byte Register (WDTH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Watch-Dog Timer Reload Low Byte Register (WDTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
UART Transmit Data Register (UxTXD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
UART Receive Data Register (UxRXD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
UART Status 0 Register (UxSTAT0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
UART Status 1 Register (UxSTAT1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
UART Control 0 Register (UxCTL0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
UART Control 1 Register (UxCTL1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
UART Address Compare Register (UxADDR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
UART Baud Rate High Byte Register (UxBRH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
UART Baud Rate Low Byte Register (UxBRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
UART Baud Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
SPI Clock Phase (PHASE) and Clock Polarity (CLKPOL) Operation . . . 128
SPI Data Register (SPIDATA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
SPI Control Register (SPICTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
SPI Status Register (SPISTAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
SPI Mode Register (SPIMODE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
SPI Diagnostic State Register (SPIDST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
SPI Baud Rate High Byte Register (SPIBRH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
List of Tables
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
xvi
Table 70.
Table 71.
Table 72.
Table 73.
Table 74.
Table 75.
Table 76.
Table 77.
Table 78.
Table 79.
Table 80.
Table 81.
Table 82.
Table 83.
Table 84.
Table 85.
Table 86.
Table 87.
Table 88.
Table 89.
Table 90.
Table 91.
Table 92.
Table 93.
Table 94.
Table 95.
Table 96.
Table 97.
Table 98.
Table 99.
Table 100.
Table 101.
Table 102.
Table 103.
Table 104.
Table 105.
PS019915-1005
SPI Baud Rate Low Byte Register (SPIBRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Data Register (I2CDATA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Status Register (I2CSTAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Control Register (I2CCTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Baud Rate High Byte Register (I2CBRH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Baud Rate Low Byte Register (I2CBRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Diagnostic State Register (I2CDST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C Diagnostic Control Register (I2CDIAG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMAx Control Register (DMAxCTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMAx I/O Address Register (DMAxIO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMAx Address High Nibble Register (DMAxH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMAx Start/Current Address Low Byte Register (DMAxSTART) . . . . .
DMAx End Address Low Byte Register (DMAxEND) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMA_ADC Register File Address Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMA_ADC Address Register (DMAA_ADDR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMA_ADC Control Register (DMAACTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DMA_ADC Status Register (DMAA_STAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ADC Control Register (ADCCTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ADC Data High Byte Register (ADCD_H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ADC Data Low Bits Register (ADCD_L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Memory Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Memory Sector Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
64K Series Information Area Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Control Register (FCTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Status Register (FSTAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page Select Register (FPS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Sector Protect Register (FPROT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Frequency High Byte Register (FFREQH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Frequency Low Byte Register (FFREQL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flash Option Bits At Flash Memory Address 0000H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Options Bits at Flash Memory Address 0001H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OCD Baud-Rate Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On-Chip Debugger Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OCD Control Register (OCDCTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OCD Status Register (OCDSTAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recommended Crystal Oscillator Specifications (20MHz Operation) . . .
138
153
153
155
157
157
158
160
164
165
165
166
167
167
168
169
170
175
176
177
178
179
180
185
186
187
188
189
189
191
192
196
198
203
204
206
List of Tables
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
xvii
Table 106. Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 107. DC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 108. Power-On Reset and Voltage Brown-Out Electrical
Characteristics and Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 109. Reset and STOP Mode Recovery Pin Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 110. External RC Oscillator Electrical Characteristics and Timing . . . . . . . . .
Table 111. Flash Memory Electrical Characteristics and Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 112. Watch-Dog Timer Electrical Characteristics and Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 113. Analog-to-Digital Converter Electrical Characteristics and Timing . . . . .
Table 114. AC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 115. GPIO Port Input Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 116. GPIO Port Output Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 117. On-Chip Debugger Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 118. SPI Master Mode Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 119. SPI Slave Mode Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 120. I2C Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 121. UART Timing with CTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 122. UART Timing without CTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 123. Notational Shorthand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 124. Additional Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 125. Condition Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 126. Arithmetic Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 127. Bit Manipulation Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 128. Block Transfer Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 129. CPU Control Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 130. Load Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 131. Logical Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 132. Program Control Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 133. Rotate and Shift Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 134. eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 135. Opcode Map Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PS019915-1005
209
211
219
220
220
221
221
222
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
235
236
237
238
239
239
240
240
241
241
242
242
254
List of Tables
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
xviii
Manual Objectives
This Product Specification provides detailed operating information for the Flash devices
within the Z8 Encore!® 64K Series Microcontroller (MCU) products. Within this document, the Z8F642x, Z8F482x, Z8F322x, Z8F242x, and Z8F162x devices are referred to
collectively as the Z8 Encore!® 64K Series unless specifically stated otherwise.
About This Manual
ZiLOG recommends that the user read and understand everything in this manual before
setting up and using the product. However, we recognize that there are different styles of
learning. Therefore, we have designed this Product Specification to be used either as a
how to procedural manual or a reference guide to important data.
Intended Audience
This document is written for ZiLOG customers who are experienced at working with
microcontrollers, integrated circuits, or printed circuit assemblies.
Manual Conventions
The following assumptions and conventions are adopted to provide clarity and ease of use:
Courier Typeface
Commands, code lines and fragments, bits, equations, hexadecimal addresses, and various
executable items are distinguished from general text by the use of the Courier typeface.
Where the use of the font is not indicated, as in the Index, the name of the entity is presented in upper case.
•
Example: FLAGS[1] is smrf.
Hexadecimal Values
Hexadecimal values are designated by uppercase H suffix and appear in the Courier
typeface.
•
Example: R1 is set to F8H.
Brackets
The square brackets, [ ], indicate a register or bus.
PS019915-1005
Manual Objectives
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
xix
•
Example: for the register R1[7:0], R1 is an 8-bit register, R1[7] is the most significant
bit, and R1[0] is the least significant bit.
Braces
The curly braces, { }, indicate a single register or bus created by concatenating some combination of smaller registers, buses, or individual bits.
•
Example: the 12-bit register address {0H, RP[7:4], R1[3:0]} is composed of a 4-bit
hexadecimal value (0H) and two 4-bit register values taken from the Register Pointer
(RP) and Working Register R1. 0H is the most significant nibble (4-bit value) of the
12-bit register, and R1[3:0] is the least significant nibble of the 12-bit register.
Parentheses
The parentheses, ( ), indicate an indirect register address lookup.
•
Example: (R1) is the memory location referenced by the address contained in the
Working Register R1.
Parentheses/Bracket Combinations
The parentheses, ( ), indicate an indirect register address lookup and the square brackets,
[ ], indicate a register or bus.
•
Example: assume PC[15:0] contains the value 1234h. (PC[15:0]) then refers to the
contents of the memory location at address 1234h.
Use of the Words Set, Reset and Clear
The word set implies that a register bit or a condition contains a logical 1. The words reset
or clear imply that a register bit or a condition contains a logical 0. When either of these
terms is followed by a number, the word logical may not be included; however, it is
implied.
Notation for Bits and Similar Registers
A field of bits within a register is designated as: Register[n:n].
•
Example: ADDR[15:0] refers to bits 15 through bit 0 of the Address.
Use of the Terms LSB, MSB, lsb, and msb
In this document, the terms LSB and MSB, when appearing in upper case, mean least significant byte and most significant byte, respectively. The lowercase forms, lsb and msb,
mean least significant bit and most significant bit, respectively.
Use of Initial Uppercase Letters
Initial uppercase letters designate settings and conditions in general text.
•
PS019915-1005
Example 1: The receiver forces the SCL line to Low.
Manual Objectives
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
xx
•
Example 2: The Master can generate a Stop condition to abort the transfer.
Use of All Uppercase Letters
The use of all uppercase letters designates the names of states, modes, and commands.
•
•
•
Example 1: The bus is considered BUSY after the Start condition.
Example 2: A START command triggers the processing of the initialization sequence.
Example 3: STOP mode
Bit Numbering
Bits are numbered from 0 to n–1 where n indicates the total number of bits. For example,
the 8 bits of a register are numbered from 0 to 7.
Safeguards
It is important that all users understand the following safety terms, which are defined here.
Caution:
Indicates a procedure or file may become corrupted if the user does not follow directions.
Trademarks
ZiLOG®, eZ8, Z8 Encore!®, and Z8® are trademarks of ZiLOG, Inc. in the U.S.A. and
other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective corporations.
PS019915-1005
Manual Objectives
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
1
Introduction
The Z8 Encore!® MCU family of products are a line of ZiLOG microcontroller products
based upon the 8-bit eZ8 CPU. The Z8 Encore!® 64K Series, hereafter referred to collectively as the Z8 Encore!® or the 64K Series adds Flash memory to ZiLOG’s extensive line
of 8-bit microcontrollers. The Flash in-circuit programming capability allows for faster
development time and program changes in the field. The new eZ8 CPU is upward compatible with existing Z8® instructions. The rich peripheral set of the Z8 Encore!® makes it
suitable for a variety of applications including motor control, security systems, home
appliances, personal electronic devices, and sensors.
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
PS019915-1005
20 MHz eZ8 CPU
Up to 64 KB Flash with in-circuit programming capability
Up to 4 KB register RAM
12-channel, 10-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC)
Two full-duplex 9-bit UARTs with bus transceiver Driver Enable control
I2C
Serial Peripheral Interface
Two Infrared Data Association (IrDA)-compliant infrared encoder/decoders
Up to four 16-bit timers with capture, compare, and PWM capability
Watch-Dog Timer (WDT) with internal RC oscillator
3-channel DMA
Up to 60 I/O pins
24 interrupts with configurable priority
On-Chip Debugger
Voltage Brown-out Protection (VBO)
Power-On Reset (POR)
Introduction
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
2
•
•
3.0-3.6V operating voltage with 5V-tolerant inputs
0° to +70°C, –40° to +105°C, and –40° to +125°C operating temperature ranges
Part Selection Guide
Table 1 identifies the basic features and package styles available for each device within the
Z8 Encore!® product line.
Table 1. Z8 Encore!® 64K Series Part Selection Guide
Part
Number
Flash
(KB)
RAM
16-bit Timers ADC UARTs
40/44-pin 64/68-pin 80-pin
(KB) I/O with PWM Inputs with IrDA I2C SPI packages packages package
Z8F1621
16
2
31
3
8
2
1
1
Z8F1622
16
2
46
4
12
2
1
1
Z8F2421
24
2
31
3
8
2
1
1
Z8F2422
24
2
46
4
12
2
1
1
Z8F3221
32
2
31
3
8
2
1
1
Z8F3222
32
2
46
4
12
2
1
1
Z8F4821
48
4
31
3
8
2
1
1
Z8F4822
48
4
46
4
12
2
1
1
Z8F4823
48
4
60
4
12
2
1
1
Z8F6421
64
4
31
3
8
2
1
1
Z8F6422
64
4
46
4
12
2
1
1
Z8F6423
64
4
60
4
12
2
1
1
Die Form
Sales
Please
contact
ZiLOG
PS019915-1005
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Introduction
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
3
Block Diagram
Figure 1 illustrates the block diagram of the architecture of the Z8 Encore!® 64K Series.
XTAL / RC
Oscillator
On-Chip
Debugger
eZ8
CPU
Interrupt
Controller
System
Clock
POR/VBO
& Reset
Controller
WDT with
RC Oscillator
Memory Busses
Register Bus
Timers
UARTs
I2C
SPI
ADC
IrDA
DMA
Flash
Controller
RAM
Controller
Flash
Memory
RAM
GPIO
Figure 1. Z8 Encore!® 64K Series Block Diagram
CPU and Peripheral Overview
eZ8 CPU Features
The eZ8, ZiLOG’s latest 8-bit Central Processing Unit (CPU), meets the continuing
demand for faster and more code-efficient microcontrollers. The eZ8 CPU executes a
superset of the original Z8 instruction set. The eZ8 CPU features include:
•
PS019915-1005
Direct register-to-register architecture allows each register to function as an
accumulator, improving execution time and decreasing the required program memory
Introduction
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
4
•
Software stack allows much greater depth in subroutine calls and interrupts than
hardware stacks
•
•
•
Compatible with existing Z8® code
•
•
Pipelined instruction fetch and execution
•
•
•
•
New instructions support 12-bit linear addressing of the Register File
Expanded internal Register File allows access of up to 4KB
New instructions improve execution efficiency for code developed using higher-level
programming languages, including C
New instructions for improved performance including BIT, BSWAP, BTJ, CPC, LDC,
LDCI, LEA, MULT, and SRL
Up to 10 MIPS operation
C-Compiler friendly
2-9 clock cycles per instruction
For more information regarding the eZ8 CPU, refer to the eZ8 CPU User Manual available for download at www.zilog.com.
General Purpose I/O
The 64K Series features seven 8-bit ports (Ports A-G) and one 4-bit port (Port H) for general purpose I/O (GPIO). Each pin is individually programmable. All ports (except B and
H) support 5V-tolerant inputs.
Flash Controller
The Flash Controller programs and erases the Flash memory.
10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter
The Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) converts an analog input signal to a 10-bit binary
number. The ADC accepts inputs from up to 12 different analog input sources.
UARTs
Each UART is full-duplex and capable of handling asynchronous data transfers. The
UARTs support 8- and 9-bit data modes, selectable parity, and an efficient bus transceiver
Driver Enable signal for controlling a multi-transceiver bus, such as RS-485.
PS019915-1005
Introduction
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
5
I2C
The inter-integrated circuit (I2C®) controller makes the Z8 Encore!® compatible with the
I2C protocol. The I2C controller consists of two bidirectional bus lines, a serial data (SDA)
line and a serial clock (SCL) line.
Serial Peripheral Interface
The serial peripheral interface (SPI) allows the Z8 Encore!® to exchange data between
other peripheral devices such as EEPROMs, A/D converters and ISDN devices. The SPI is
a full-duplex, synchronous, character-oriented channel that supports a four-wire interface.
Timers
Up to four 16-bit reloadable timers can be used for timing/counting events or for motor
control operations. These timers provide a 16-bit programmable reload counter and operate in One-Shot, Continuous, Gated, Capture, Compare, Capture and Compare, and PWM
modes. Only 3 timers (Timers 0-2) are available in the 44-pin packages.
Interrupt Controller
The 64K Series products support up to 24 interrupts. These interrupts consist of 12 internal and 12 general-purpose I/O pins. The interrupts have 3 levels of programmable interrupt priority.
Reset Controller
The Z8 Encore!® can be reset using the RESET pin, power-on reset, Watch-Dog Timer
(WDT), STOP mode exit, or Voltage Brown-Out (VBO) warning signal.
On-Chip Debugger
The Z8 Encore!® features an integrated On-Chip Debugger (OCD). The OCD provides a
rich set of debugging capabilities, such as reading and writing registers, programming the
Flash, setting breakpoints and executing code. A single-pin interface provides communication to the OCD.
DMA Controller
The 64K Series features three channels of DMA. Two of the channels are for register
RAM to and from I/O operations. The third channel automatically controls the transfer of
data from the ADC to the memory.
PS019915-1005
Introduction
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
6
Signal and Pin Descriptions
Overview
The Z8 Encore!® 64K Series products are available in a variety of packages styles and pin
configurations. This chapter describes the signals and available pin configurations for
each of the package styles. For information regarding the physical package specifications,
please refer to Packaging on page 257.
Available Packages
Table 2 identifies the package styles that are available for each device within the Z8
Encore!® 64K Series product line.
Table 2. Z8 Encore!® 64K Series Package Options
Part Number
Z8F1621
40-Pin
PDIP
44-pin
LQFP
44-pin
PLCC
X
X
X
Z8F1622
Z8F2421
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Z8F4822
Z8F4823
Z8F6421
Z8F6422
Z8F6423
PS019915-1005
80-pin
QFP
X
Z8F3222
Z8F4821
68-pin
PLCC
X
Z8F2422
Z8F3221
64-pin
LQFP
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Signal and Pin Descriptions
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
7
Pin Configurations
Figures 2 through 7 illustrate the pin configurations for all of the packages available in the
64K Series. Refer to Table 3 for a description of the signals. Timer 3 is not available in the
40-pin and 44-pin packages.
PD4/RXD1
1
40
PD5 / TXD1
PD3 / DE1
PC4 / MOSI
PC5 / MISO
PA3 / CTS0
PA2/DE0
PA4 / RXD0
PA5 / TXD0
PA6 / SCL
5
35
PA1 /T0OUT
PA0 / T0IN
PC2 / SS
RESET
VDD
PC3 / SCK
VSS
VDD
10
30
VSS
PD1
PC1 / T1OUT
PC0 / T1IN
15
25
AVSS
VREF
PB2 / ANA2
PB0 / ANA0
PB1 / ANA1
PB4 / ANA4
PB5 / ANA5
PC6 / T2IN *
DBG
PD0
XOUT
XIN
AVDD
PA7 / SDA
PD6 / CTS1
PB3 / ANA3
20
21
PB7 / ANA7
PB6 / ANA6
Note: Timer 3 is not supported.
* T2OUT is not supported.
Figure 2. 64K Series in 40-Pin Dual Inline Package (PDIP)
PS019915-1005
Signal and Pin Descriptions
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
6
PA0 / T0IN
1
PA6 / SCL
PA4 / RXD0
PA5 / TXD0
PD3 / DE1
PD4 / RXD1
PD5 / TXD1
PC4 / MOSI
PA3 / CTS0
PC5 / MISO
PA1 / T0OUT
PA2 / DE0
8
40
39
7
PC3 / SCK
VSS
VDD
PC2 / SS
RESET
VDD
VSS
PD1
34
12
PC7 / T2OUT
PC6 / T2IN
PD0
XOUT
DBG
PC1 / T1OUT
XIN
PC0 / T1IN
29
28
PB7 / ANA7
PB3 / ANA3
PB6 / ANA6
PB4 / ANA4
PB5 / ANA5
23
VSS
PB2 / ANA2
VREF
AVSS
17
18
AVDD
PB0 / ANA0
PB1 / ANA1
VDD
PA7 / SDA
PD6 / CTS1
PD2
Figure 3. 64K Series in 44-Pin Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC)
PS019915-1005
Signal and Pin Descriptions
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
PA0 / T0IN
33
34
PA6 / SCL
PA4 / RXD0
PA5 / TXD0
PD3 / DE1
PD4 / RXD1
PD5 / TXD1
PC4 / MOSI
PA3 / CTS0
PC5 / MISO
PA1 / T0OUT
PA2 / DE0
9
23
22
28
VSS
PD1
PC3 / SCK
VSS
39
17
VDD
PC7 / T2OUT
PC6 / T2IN
PD0
XOUT
XIN
DBG
12
11
PB7 / ANA7
PB3 / ANA3
PB6 / ANA6
6
PC1 / T1OUT
PC0 / T1IN
VSS
PB2 / ANA2
VREF
AVSS
1
PB4 / ANA4
PB5 / ANA5
44
AVDD
PB0 / ANA0
PB1 / ANA1
VDD
PA7 / SDA
PD6 / CTS1
PD2
PC2 / SS
RESET
VDD
Figure 4. 64K Series in 44-Pin Low-Profile Quad Flat Package (LQFP)
PS019915-1005
Signal and Pin Descriptions
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
PA0 / T0IN
40
48
49
PA4 / RXD0
PA5 / TXD0
PA6 / SCL
VDD
VSS
PC4 / MOSI
PD4 / RXD1
PD5 / TXD1
VDD
PF7
PC5 / MISO
PD3 / DE1
PA3 / CTS0
VSS
PA1 / T0OUT
PA2 / DE0
10
33
32
PE4
PE3
VSS
PC3 / SCK
PD7 / RCOUT
VSS
PE5
PE6
25
56
PE7
VDD
PE2
PE1
PE0
VSS
PD1 / T3OUT
PG3
VDD
PC7 / T2OUT
PC6 / T2IN
DBG
17
16
PB6 / ANA6
PB7 / ANA7
PB3 / ANA3
PB2 / ANA2
PH2 / ANA10
PB4 / ANA4
PB5 / ANA5
PB1 / ANA1
8
PC1 / T1OUT
PC0 / T1IN
PH3 / ANA11
VREF
AVSS
1
PH1 / ANA9
PB0 / ANA0
64
VSS
AVDD
PH0 / ANA8
PD0 / T3IN
XOUT
XIN
PA7 / SDA
PD6 / CTS1
PD2
PC2 / SS
RESET
VDD
Figure 5. 64K Series in 64-Pin Low-Profile Quad Flat Package (LQFP)
PS019915-1005
Signal and Pin Descriptions
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
9
PA0 / T0IN
VSS
PA4 / RXD0
PA5 / TXD0
PA6 / SCL
VDD
PC4 / MOSI
VDD
PD4 / RXD1
PD5 / TXD1
VDD
PF7
PC5 / MISO
PD3 / DE1
PA3 / CTS0
VSS
PA1 / T0OUT
PA2 / DE0
11
1
61
60
10
PC3 / SCK
PD7 / RCOUT
VSS
PE5
PE6
PE4
PE3
VSS
18
VDD
PG3
VDD
PC7 / T2OUT
PC6 / T2IN
DBG
44
43
PH3 / ANA11
VREF
AVSS
PB6 / ANA6
PB7 / ANA7
PB3 / ANA3
PB2 / ANA2
PH2 / ANA10
PB4 / ANA4
PB5 / ANA5
PB1 / ANA1
PH1 / ANA9
PB0 / ANA0
35
PC1 / T1OUT
PC0 / T1IN
VSS
AVSS
26
27
VSS
PD1 / T3OUT
PD0 / T3IN
XOUT
XIN
PE7
52
AVDD
PH0 / ANA8
PE2
PE1
PE0
VSS
VDD
PA7 / SDA
PD6 / CTS1
PD2
PC2 / SS
RESET
VDD
Figure 6. 64K Series in 68-Pin Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC)
PS019915-1005
Signal and Pin Descriptions
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
PA0 / T0IN
PD2
PC2 / SS
PF6
RESET
1
80
75
PA4 / RXD0
PA5 / TXD0
PA6 / SCL
VDD
VSS
PC4 / MOSI
PD4 / RXD1
PD5 / TXD1
VDD
PF7
PC5 / MISO
PD3 / DE1
PA3 / CTS0
VSS
PA1 / T0OUT
PA2 / DE0
12
65
64
70
PD6 / CTS1
PC3 / SCK
PD7 / RCOUT
60
5
VDD
PF5
PF4
55
PE6
PE7
VDD
PG3
PG4
15
50
20
45
PG5
PG6
VDD
PG7
PC7 / T2OUT
PC6 / T2IN
DBG
PC1 / T1OUT
PC0 / T1IN
30
41
40
VSS
PH3 / ANA11
VREF
AVSS
PB6 / ANA6
PB7 / ANA7
PB4 / ANA4
PB5 / ANA5
35
PB3 / ANA3
PB2 / ANA2
PH2 / ANA10
24
25
VSS
PD1 / T3OUT
PD0 / T3IN
XOUT
XIN
10
PB1 / ANA1
PF1
PF0
VDD
PE5
PH1 / ANA9
PB0 / ANA0
PE1
PE0
VSS
PF2
PG0
VSS
PG1
PG2
AVDD
PH0 / ANA8
PF3
PE4
PE3
VSS
PE2
PA7 / SDA
Figure 7. 64K Series in 80-Pin Quad Flat Package (QFP)
PS019915-1005
Signal and Pin Descriptions
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
13
Signal Descriptions
Table 3 describes the Z8 Encore! signals. Refer to the section Pin Configurations on
page 7 to determine the signals available for the specific package styles.
Table 3. Signal Descriptions
Signal
Mnemonic
I/O
Description
General-Purpose I/O Ports A-H
PA[7:0]
I/O
Port A[7:0]. These pins are used for general-purpose I/O and support 5V-tolerant
inputs.
PB[7:0]
I/O
Port B[7:0]. These pins are used for general-purpose I/O.
PC[7:0]
I/O
Port C[7:0]. These pins are used for general-purpose I/O. These pins are used for
general-purpose I/O and support 5V-tolerant inputs
PD[7:0]
I/O
Port D[7:0]. These pins are used for general-purpose I/O. These pins are used for
general-purpose I/O and support 5V-tolerant inputs
PE[7:0]
I/O
Port E[7:0]. These pins are used for general-purpose I/O. These pins are used for
general-purpose I/O and support 5V-tolerant inputs.
PF[7:0]
I/O
Port F[7:0]. These pins are used for general-purpose I/O. These pins are used for
general-purpose I/O and support 5V-tolerant inputs.
PG[7:0]
I/O
Port G[7:0]. These pins are used for general-purpose I/O. These pins are used for
general-purpose I/O and support 5V-tolerant inputs.
PH[3:0]
I/O
Port H[3:0]. These pins are used for general-purpose I/O.
SCL
O
Serial Clock. This is the output clock for the I2C. This pin is multiplexed with a
general-purpose I/O pin. When the general-purpose I/O pin is configured for
alternate function to enable the SCL function, this pin is open-drain.
SDA
I/O
Serial Data. This open-drain pin transfers data between the I2C and a slave. This pin
is multiplexed with a general-purpose I/O pin. When the general-purpose I/O pin is
configured for alternate function to enable the SDA function, this pin is open-drain.
SS
I/O
Slave Select. This signal can be an output or an input. If the Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
is the SPI master, this pin may be configured as the Slave Select output. If the Z8
Encore!® 64K Series is the SPI slave, this pin is the input slave select. It is
multiplexed with a general-purpose I/O pin.
SCK
I/O
SPI Serial Clock. The SPI master supplies this pin. If the Z8 Encore! 64K® Series is
the SPI master, this pin is an output. If the Z8 Encore!® 64K Series is the SPI slave,
this pin is an input. It is multiplexed with a general-purpose I/O pin.
I2C Controller
SPI Controller
PS019915-1005
Signal and Pin Descriptions
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
14
Table 3. Signal Descriptions (Continued)
Signal
Mnemonic
I/O
Description
MOSI
I/O
Master Out Slave In. This signal is the data output from the SPI master device and
the data input to the SPI slave device. It is multiplexed with a general-purpose I/O
pin.
MISO
I/O
Master In Slave Out. This pin is the data input to the SPI master device and the data
output from the SPI slave device. It is multiplexed with a general-purpose I/O pin.
TXD0 / TXD1
O
Transmit Data. These signals are the transmit outputs from the UARTs. The TXD
signals are multiplexed with general-purpose I/O pins.
RXD0 / RXD1
I
Receive Data. These signals are the receiver inputs for the UARTs and IrDAs. The
RXD signals are multiplexed with general-purpose I/O pins.
CTS0 / CTS1
I
Clear To Send. These signals are control inputs for the UARTs. The CTS signals are
multiplexed with general-purpose I/O pins.
DE0 / DE1
O
Driver Enable. This signal allows automatic control of external RS-485 drivers. This
signal is approximately the inverse of the TXE (Transmit Empty) bit in the UART
Status 0 register. The DE signal may be used to ensure an external RS-485 driver is
enabled when data is transmitted by the UART.
T0OUT / T1OUT/
T2OUT / T3OUT
O
Timer Output 0-3. These signals are output pins from the timers. The Timer Output
signals are multiplexed with general-purpose I/O pins. T3OUT is not available in 44pin package devices.
T0IN / T1IN/
T2IN / T3IN
I
Timer Input 0-3. These signals are used as the capture, gating and counter inputs.
The Timer Input signals are multiplexed with general-purpose I/O pins. T3IN is not
available in 44-pin package devices.
ANA[11:0]
I
Analog Input. These signals are inputs to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The
ADC analog inputs are multiplexed with general-purpose I/O pins.
VREF
I
Analog-to-digital converter reference voltage input. The VREF pin must be left
unconnected (or capacitively coupled to analog ground) if the internal voltage
reference is selected as the ADC reference voltage.
I
External Crystal Input. This is the input pin to the crystal oscillator. A crystal can be
connected between it and the XOUT pin to form the oscillator. This signal is usable
with external RC networks and an external clock driver.
UART Controllers
Timers
Analog
Oscillators
XIN
PS019915-1005
Signal and Pin Descriptions
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
15
Table 3. Signal Descriptions (Continued)
Signal
Mnemonic
I/O
Description
XOUT
O
External Crystal Output. This pin is the output of the crystal oscillator. A crystal can
be connected between it and the XIN pin to form the oscillator. When the system
clock is referred to in this manual, it refers to the frequency of the signal at this pin.
This pin must be left unconnected when not using a crystal.
RCOUT
O
RC Oscillator Output. This signal is the output of the RC oscillator. It is multiplexed
with a general-purpose I/O pin. This signal must be left unconnected when not using
a crystal.
On-Chip Debugger
DBG
I/O
Debug. This pin is the control and data input and output to and from the On-Chip
Debugger. This pin is open-drain.
Caution:For operation of the On-Chip Debugger, all power pins (VDD and AVDD) must be
supplied with power and all ground pins (VSS and AVSS) must be properly grounded.
The DBG pin is open-drain and must have an external pull-up resistor to ensure
proper operation.
Reset
RESET
I
RESET. Generates a Reset when asserted (driven Low).
VDD
I
Power Supply.
AVDD
I
Analog Power Supply.
VSS
I
Ground.
AVSS
I
Analog Ground.
Power Supply
PS019915-1005
Signal and Pin Descriptions
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
16
Pin Characteristics
Table 4 provides detailed information on the characteristics for each pin available on the
64K Series products. Data in Table 4 is sorted alphabetically by the pin symbol mnemonic.
Table 4. Pin Characteristics of the 64K Series
Direction
Reset
Direction
Active Low
or
Active High
Tri-State
Output
Internal
Pull-up or
Pull-down
Schmitt
Trigger
Input
Open Drain
Output
AVSS
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
No
No
N/A
AVDD
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
No
No
N/A
DBG
I/O
I
N/A
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
VSS
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
No
No
N/A
PA[7:0]
I/O
I
N/A
Yes
No
Yes
Yes,
Programmable
PB[7:0]
I/O
I
N/A
Yes
No
Yes
Yes,
Programmable
PC[7:0]
I/O
I
N/A
Yes
No
Yes
Yes,
Programmable
PD[7:0]
I/O
I
N/A
Yes
No
Yes
Yes,
Programmable
PE7:0]
I/O
I
N/A
Yes
No
Yes
Yes,
Programmable
PF[7:0]
I/O
I
N/A
Yes
No
Yes
Yes,
Programmable
PG[7:0]
I/O
I
N/A
Yes
No
Yes
Yes,
Programmable
PH[3:0]
I/O
I
N/A
Yes
No
Yes
Yes,
Programmable
RESET
I
I
Low
N/A
Pull-up
Yes
N/A
VDD
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
No
No
N/A
XIN
I
I
N/A
N/A
No
No
N/A
XOUT
O
O
N/A
Yes, in
STOP
mode
No
No
No
Symbol
Mnemonic
x represents integer 0, 1,... to indicate multiple pins with symbol mnemonics that differ only by the integer
PS019915-1005
Signal and Pin Descriptions
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
17
Address Space
Overview
The eZ8 CPU can access three distinct address spaces:
•
The Register File contains addresses for the general-purpose registers and the eZ8
CPU, peripheral, and general-purpose I/O port control registers.
•
The Program Memory contains addresses for all memory locations having executable
code and/or data.
•
The Data Memory contains addresses for all memory locations that hold data only.
These three address spaces are covered briefly in the following subsections. For more
detailed information regarding the eZ8 CPU and its address space, refer to the eZ8 CPU
User Manual available for download at www.zilog.com.
Register File
The Register File address space in the 64K Series is 4KB (4096 bytes). The Register File
is composed of two sections—control registers and general-purpose registers. When
instructions are executed, registers are read from when defined as sources and written to
when defined as destinations. The architecture of the eZ8 CPU allows all general-purpose
registers to function as accumulators, address pointers, index registers, stack areas, or
scratch pad memory.
The upper 256 bytes of the 4KB Register File address space are reserved for control of the
eZ8 CPU, the on-chip peripherals, and the I/O ports. These registers are located at
addresses from F00H to FFFH. Some of the addresses within the 256-byte control register
section are reserved (unavailable). Reading from an reserved Register File addresses
returns an undefined value. Writing to reserved Register File addresses is not recommended and can produce unpredictable results.
The on-chip RAM always begins at address 000H in the Register File address space. The
64K Series provide 2KB to 4KB of on-chip RAM depending upon the device. Reading
from Register File addresses outside the available RAM addresses (and not within the control register address space) returns an undefined value. Writing to these Register File
addresses produces no effect. Refer to the Part Selection Guide on page 2 to determine
the amount of RAM available for the specific 64K Series device.
PS019915-1005
Address Space
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
18
Program Memory
The eZ8 CPU supports 64 KB of Program Memory address space. The Z8 Encore!® 64K
Series contains 16 KB to 64 KB of on-chip Flash in the Program Memory address space,
depending upon the device. Reading from Program Memory addresses outside the available Flash memory addresses returns FFH. Writing to these unimplemented Program
Memory addresses produces no effect. Table 5 describes the Program Memory Maps for
the 64K Series products.
Table 5. Z8 Encore® 64K Series Program Memory Maps
Program Memory Address (Hex)
Function
Z8F162x Products
0000-0001
Option Bits
0002-0003
Reset Vector
0004-0005
WDT Interrupt Vector
0006-0007
Illegal Instruction Trap
0008-0037
Interrupt Vectors*
0038-3FFF
Program Memory
Z8F242x Products
0000-0001
Option Bits
0002-0003
Reset Vector
0004-0005
WDT Interrupt Vector
0006-0007
Illegal Instruction Trap
0008-0037
Interrupt Vectors*
0038-5FFF
Program Memory
Z8F322x Products
0000-0001
Option Bits
0002-0003
Reset Vector
0004-0005
WDT Interrupt Vector
0006-0007
Illegal Instruction Trap
0008-0037
Interrupt Vectors*
0038-7FFF
Program Memory
* See Table 23 on page 63 for a list of the interrupt vectors.
PS019915-1005
Address Space
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
19
Table 5. Z8 Encore® 64K Series Program Memory Maps (Continued)
Program Memory Address (Hex)
Function
Z8F482x Products
0000-0001
Option Bits
0002-0003
Reset Vector
0004-0005
WDT Interrupt Vector
0006-0007
Illegal Instruction Trap
0008-0037
Interrupt Vectors*
0038-BFFF
Program Memory
Z8F642x Products
0000-0001
Option Bits
0002-0003
Reset Vector
0004-0005
WDT Interrupt Vector
0006-0007
Illegal Instruction Trap
0008-0037
Interrupt Vectors*
0038-FFFF
Program Memory
* See Table 23 on page 63 for a list of the interrupt vectors.
Data Memory
The Z8 Encore!® 64K Series does not use the eZ8 CPU’s 64KB Data Memory address
space.
Information Area
Table 6 describes the Z8 Encore!® 64K Series Information Area. This 512 byte Information Area is accessed by setting bit 7 of the Page Select Register to 1. When access is
enabled, the Information Area is mapped into the Program Memory and overlays the 512
bytes at addresses FE00H to FFFFH. When the Information Area access is enabled, execution of LDC and LDCI instruction from these Program Memory addresses return the Information Area data rather than the Program Memory data. Reads of these addresses through
the On-Chip Debugger also returns the Information Area data. Execution of code from
these addresses continues to correctly use the Program Memory. Access to the Information
Area is read-only.
PS019915-1005
Address Space
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
20
Table 6. Z8 Encore!® 64K Series Information Area Map
PS019915-1005
Program Memory Address (Hex)
Function
FE00H-FE3FH
Reserved
FE40H-FE53H
Part Number
20-character ASCII alphanumeric code
Left justified and filled with zeros
(ASCII Null character).
FE54H-FFFFH
Reserved
Address Space
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
21
Register File Address Map
Table 7 provides the address map for the Register File of the 64K Series products. Not all
devices and package styles in the 64K Series support Timer 3 and all of the GPIO Ports.
Consider registers for unimplemented peripherals as Reserved.
Table 7. 64K Series Register File Address Map
Address (Hex)
Mnemonic
Reset (Hex)
General Purpose RAM
000-EFF
General-Purpose Register File RAM
—
XX
Timer 0
F00
F01
F02
F03
F04
F05
F06
F07
Timer 0 High Byte
Timer 0 Low Byte
Timer 0 Reload High Byte
Timer 0 Reload Low Byte
Timer 0 PWM High Byte
Timer 0 PWM Low Byte
Timer 0 Control 0
Timer 0 Control 1
T0H
T0L
T0RH
T0RL
T0PWMH
T0PWML
T0CTL0
T0CTL1
00
01
FF
FF
00
00
00
00
84
84
85
85
87
87
88
88
Timer 1
F08
F09
F0A
F0B
F0C
F0D
F0E
F0F
Timer 1 High Byte
Timer 1 Low Byte
Timer 1 Reload High Byte
Timer 1 Reload Low Byte
Timer 1 PWM High Byte
Timer 1 PWM Low Byte
Timer 1 Control 0
Timer 1 Control 1
T1H
T1L
T1RH
T1RL
T1PWMH
T1PWML
T1CTL0
T1CTL1
00
01
FF
FF
00
00
00
00
84
84
85
85
87
87
88
88
Timer 2 High Byte
Timer 2 Low Byte
Timer 2 Reload High Byte
Timer 2 Reload Low Byte
Timer 2 PWM High Byte
Timer 2 PWM Low Byte
Timer 2 Control 0
Timer 2 Control 1
T2H
T2L
T2RH
T2RL
T2PWMH
T2PWML
T2CTL0
T2CTL1
00
01
FF
FF
00
00
00
00
84
84
85
85
87
87
88
88
Timer 2
F10
F11
F12
F13
F14
F15
F16
F17
XX=Undefined
PS019915-1005
Register Description
Page #
Register File Address Map
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
22
Table 7. 64K Series Register File Address Map (Continued)
Address (Hex)
Register Description
Mnemonic
Reset (Hex)
Page #
T3H
T3L
T3RH
T3RL
T3PWMH
T3PWML
T3CTL0
T3CTL1
—
00
01
FF
FF
00
00
00
00
XX
84
84
85
85
87
87
88
88
UART0 Transmit Data
UART0 Receive Data
UART0 Status 0
UART0 Control 0
UART0 Control 1
UART0 Status 1
UART0 Address Compare Register
UART0 Baud Rate High Byte
UART0 Baud Rate Low Byte
U0TXD
U0RXD
U0STAT0
U0CTL0
U0CTL1
U0STAT1
U0ADDR
U0BRH
U0BRL
XX
XX
0000011Xb
00
00
00
00
FF
FF
109
110
110
112
112
110
115
115
115
F49
F4A
F4B
F4C
F4D
F4E
F4F
UART1 Transmit Data
UART1 Receive Data
UART1 Status 0
UART1 Control 0
UART1 Control 1
UART1 Status 1
UART1 Address Compare Register
UART1 Baud Rate High Byte
UART1 Baud Rate Low Byte
U1TXD
U1RXD
U1STAT0
U1CTL0
U1CTL1
U1STAT1
U1ADDR
U1BRH
U1BRL
XX
XX
0000011Xb
00
00
00
00
FF
FF
109
110
110
112
112
110
115
115
115
I2C
F50
F51
F52
F53
F54
F55
F56
F57-F5F
I2C Data
I2C Status
I2C Control
I2C Baud Rate High Byte
I2C Baud Rate Low Byte
I2C Diagnostic State
I2C Diagnostic Control
Reserved
I2CDATA
I2CSTAT
I2CCTL
I2CBRH
I2CBRL
I2CDST
I2CDIAG
—
00
80
00
FF
FF
C0
00
XX
152
153
155
156
156
158
160
Timer 3 (unavailable in the 44-pin packages)
F18
Timer 3 High Byte
F19
Timer 3 Low Byte
F1A
Timer 3 Reload High Byte
F1B
Timer 3 Reload Low Byte
F1C
Timer 3 PWM High Byte
F1D
Timer 3 PWM Low Byte
F1E
Timer 3 Control 0
F1F
Timer 3 Control 1
20-3F
Reserved
UART 0
F40
F41
F42
F43
F44
F45
F46
F47
UART 1
F48
XX=Undefined
PS019915-1005
Register File Address Map
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
23
Table 7. 64K Series Register File Address Map (Continued)
Mnemonic
Reset (Hex)
Page #
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
F60
SPI Data
F61
SPI Control
F62
SPI Status
F63
SPI Mode
F64
SPI Diagnostic State
F65
Reserved
F66
SPI Baud Rate High Byte
F67
SPI Baud Rate Low Byte
F68-F6F
Reserved
Address (Hex)
Register Description
SPIDATA
SPICTL
SPISTAT
SPIMODE
SPIDST
—
SPIBRH
SPIBRL
—
XX
00
01
00
00
XX
FF
FF
XX
133
133
135
136
137
Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
F70
ADC Control
F71
Reserved
F72
ADC Data High Byte
F73
ADC Data Low Bits
F74-FAF
Reserved
ADCCTL
—
ADCD_H
ADCD_L
—
20
XX
XX
XX
XX
DMA 0
FB0
FB1
FB2
FB3
FB4
DMA0 Control
DMA0 I/O Address
DMA0 End/Start Address High Nibble
DMA0 Start Address Low Byte
DMA0 End Address Low Byte
DMA0CTL
DMA0IO
DMA0H
DMA0START
DMA0END
00
XX
XX
XX
XX
164
165
165
166
167
DMA 1
FB8
FB9
FBA
FBB
FBC
DMA1 Control
DMA1 I/O Address
DMA1 End/Start Address High Nibble
DMA1 Start Address Low Byte
DMA1 End Address Low Byte
DMA1CTL
DMA1IO
DMA1H
DMA1START
DMA1END
00
XX
XX
XX
XX
164
165
165
166
167
DMA ADC
FBD
FBE
FBF
DMA_ADC Address
DMA_ADC Control
DMA_ADC Status
DMAA_ADDR XX
DMAACTL
00
DMAASTAT 00
168
169
170
IRQ0
IRQ0ENH
IRQ0ENL
IRQ1
IRQ1ENH
IRQ1ENL
IRQ2
66
69
69
67
70
70
68
Interrupt Controller
FC0
Interrupt Request 0
FC1
IRQ0 Enable High Bit
FC2
IRQ0 Enable Low Bit
FC3
Interrupt Request 1
FC4
IRQ1 Enable High Bit
FC5
IRQ1 Enable Low Bit
FC6
Interrupt Request 2
XX=Undefined
PS019915-1005
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
138
138
175
176
176
Register File Address Map
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
24
Table 7. 64K Series Register File Address Map (Continued)
Address (Hex)
FC7
FC8
FC9-FCC
FCD
FCE
FCF
Register Description
IRQ2 Enable High Bit
IRQ2 Enable Low Bit
Reserved
Interrupt Edge Select
Interrupt Port Select
Interrupt Control
Mnemonic
IRQ2ENH
IRQ2ENL
—
IRQES
IRQPS
IRQCTL
Reset (Hex)
00
00
XX
00
00
00
72
73
74
GPIO Port A
FD0
FD1
FD2
FD3
Port A Address
Port A Control
Port A Input Data
Port A Output Data
PAADDR
PACTL
PAIN
PAOUT
00
00
XX
00
55
56
60
61
GPIO Port B
FD4
FD5
FD6
FD7
Port B Address
Port B Control
Port B Input Data
Port B Output Data
PBADDR
PBCTL
PBIN
PBOUT
00
00
XX
00
55
56
60
61
GPIO Port C
FD8
FD9
FDA
FDB
Port C Address
Port C Control
Port C Input Data
Port C Output Data
PCADDR
PCCTL
PCIN
PCOUT
00
00
XX
00
55
56
60
61
GPIO Port D
FDC
FDD
FDE
FDF
Port D Address
Port D Control
Port D Input Data
Port D Output Data
PDADDR
PDCTL
PDIN
PDOUT
00
00
XX
00
55
56
60
61
GPIO Port E
FE0
FE1
FE2
FE3
Port E Address
Port E Control
Port E Input Data
Port E Output Data
PEADDR
PECTL
PEIN
PEOUT
00
00
XX
00
55
56
60
61
GPIO Port F
FE4
FE5
FE6
FE7
Port F Address
Port F Control
Port F Input Data
Port F Output Data
PFADDR
PFCTL
PFIN
PFOUT
00
00
XX
00
55
56
60
61
Port G Address
Port G Control
Port G Input Data
Port G Output Data
PGADDR
PGCTL
PGIN
PGOUT
00
00
XX
00
55
56
60
61
GPIO Port G
FE8
FE9
FEA
FEB
XX=Undefined
PS019915-1005
Page #
71
71
Register File Address Map
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
25
Table 7. 64K Series Register File Address Map (Continued)
Address (Hex)
Register Description
Mnemonic
Reset (Hex)
Page #
GPIO Port H
FEC
FED
FEE
FEF
Port H Address
Port H Control
Port H Input Data
Port H Output Data
PHADDR
PHCTL
PHIN
PHOUT
00
00
XX
00
55
56
60
61
Watch-Dog Timer (WDT)
FF0
Watch-Dog Timer Control
FF1
Watch-Dog Timer Reload Upper Byte
FF2
Watch-Dog Timer Reload High Byte
FF3
Watch-Dog Timer Reload Low Byte
FF4--FF7
Reserved
WDTCTL
WDTU
WDTH
WDTL
—
XXX00000b
FF
FF
FF
XX
94
95
95
95
Flash Memory Controller
FF8
Flash Control
FF8
Flash Status
FF9
Page Select
FF9 (if enabled) Flash Sector Protect
FFA
Flash Programming Frequency High Byte
FFB
Flash Programming Frequency Low Byte
FF4-FF8
Reserved
FCTL
FSTAT
FPS
FPROT
FFREQH
FFREQL
—
00
00
00
00
00
00
XX
185
186
187
188
189
189
Read-Only Memory Controller
FF9
Page Select
FFA-FFB
Reserved
RPS
—
00
XX
—
RP
SPH
SPL
XX
XX
XX
XX
eZ8 CPU
FFC
FFD
FFE
FFF
XX=Undefined
PS019915-1005
Flags
Register Pointer
Stack Pointer High Byte
Stack Pointer Low Byte
Refer to the eZ8
CPU User
Manual
Register File Address Map
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
26
Control Register Summary
Timer 0 High Byte
T0H (F00H - Read/Write)
Timer 0 Control 1
T0CTL1 (F07H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer Mode
000 = One-Shot mode
001 = CONTINUOUS mode
010 = COUNTER mode
011 = PWM mode
100 = CAPTURE mode
101 = COMPARE mode
110 = GATED mode
111 = Capture/COMPARE mode
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 0 current count value [15:8]
Timer 0 Low Byte
T0L (F01H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Prescale Value
000 = Divide by 1
001 = Divide by 2
010 = Divide by 4
011 = Divide by 8
100 = Divide by 16
101 = Divide by 32
110 = Divide by 64
111 = Divide by 128
Timer 0 current count value [7:0]
Timer 0 Reload High Byte
T0RH (F02H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer Input/Output Polarity
Operation of this bit is a function of
the current operating mode of the timer
Timer 0 reload value [15:8]
Timer Enable
0 = Timer is disabled
1 = Timer is enabled
Timer 0 Reload Low Byte
T0RL (HF03 - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 0 reload value [7:0]
Timer 1 High Byte
T1H (F08H - Read/Write)
Timer 0 PWM High Byte
T0PWMH (F04H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 1 current count value [15:8]
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 0 PWM value [15:8]
Timer 1 Low Byte
T1L (F09H - Read/Write)
Timer 0 Control 0
T0CTL0 (F06H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 1 current count value [7:0]
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Reserved
Cascade Timer
0 = Timer 0 Input signal is GPIO pin
1 = Timer 0 Input signal is Timer 3 out
Timer 1 Reload High Byte
T1RH (F0AH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Reserved
Timer 1 reload value [15:8]
Timer 1 Reload Low Byte
T1RL (F0BH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 1 reload value [7:0]
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
27
Timer 1 PWM High Byte
T1PWMH (F0CH - Read/Write)
Timer 2 High Byte
T2H (F10H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 1 PWM value [15:8]
Timer 2 current count value [15:8]
Timer 1 PWM Low Byte
T1PWML (F0DH - Read/Write)
Timer 2 Low Byte
T2L (F11H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 1 PWM value [7:0]
Timer 2 current count value [7:0]
Timer 1 Control 0
T1CTL0 (F0EH - Read/Write)
Timer 2 Reload High Byte
T2RH (F12H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Reserved
Cascade Timer
0 = Timer 1 Input signal is GPIO pin
1 = Timer 1 Input signal is Timer 0 out
Reserved
Timer 2 reload value [15:8]
Timer 2 Reload Low Byte
T2RL (F13H- Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 2 reload value [7:0]
Timer 1 Control 1
T1CTL1 (F0FH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer Mode
000 = One-Shot mode
001 = CONTINUOUS mode
010 = COUNTER mode
011 = PWM mode
100 = CAPTURE mode
101 = COMPARE mode
110 = GATED mode
111 = Capture/COMPARE mode
Prescale Value
000 = Divide by 1
001 = Divide by 2
010 = Divide by 4
011 = Divide by 8
100 = Divide by 16
101 = Divide by 32
110 = Divide by 64
111 = Divide by 128
Timer Input/Output Polarity
Operation of this bit is a function of
the current operating mode of the timer
Timer Enable
0 = Timer is disabled
1 = Timer is enabled
PS019915-1005
Timer 2 PWM High Byte
T2PWMH (F14H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 2 PWM value [15:8]
Timer 2 PWM Low Byte
T2PWML (F15H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 2 PWM value [7:0]
Timer 2 Control 0
T2CTL0 (F16H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Reserved
Cascade Timer
0 = Timer 2 Input signal is GPIO pin
1 = Timer 2 Input signal is Timer 1 out
Reserved
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
28
Timer 2 Control 1
T2CTL1 (F17H - Read/Write)
Timer 3 PWM High Byte
T3PWMH (F1CH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer Mode
000 = One-Shot mode
001 = CONTINUOUS mode
010 = COUNTER mode
011 = PWM mode
100 = CAPTURE mode
101 = COMPARE mode
110 = GATED mode
111 = CAPTURE/COMPARE mode
Prescale Value
000 = Divide by 1
001 = Divide by 2
010 = Divide by 4
011 = Divide by 8
100 = Divide by 16
101 = Divide by 32
110 = Divide by 64
111 = Divide by 128
Timer 3 PWM value [15:8]
Timer 3 PWM Low Byte
T3PWML (F1DH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 3 PWM value [7:0]
Timer 3 Control 0
T3CTL0 (F1EH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Reserved
Cascade Timer
0 = Timer 3 Input signal is GPIO pin
1 = Timer 3 Input signal is Timer 2 out
Timer Input/Output Polarity
Operation of this bit is a function of
the current operating mode of the timer
Reserved
Timer Enable
0 = Timer is disabled
1 = Timer is enabled
Timer 3 High Byte
T3H (F18H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 3 current count value [15:8]
Timer 3 Low Byte
T3L (F19H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 3 current count value [7:0]
Timer 3 Reload High Byte
T3RH (F1AH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 3 reload value [15:8]
Timer 3 Reload Low Byte
T3RL (F1BH - Read/Write)
Timer 3 Control 1
T3CTL1 (F1FH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer Mode
000 = One-Shot mode
001 = CONTINUOUS mode
010 = COUNTER mode
011 = PWM mode
100 = CAPTURE mode
101 = COMPARE mode
110 = GATED mode
111 = Capture/COMPARE mode
Prescale Value
000 = Divide by 1
001 = Divide by 2
010 = Divide by 4
011 = Divide by 8
100 = Divide by 16
101 = Divide by 32
110 = Divide by 64
111 = Divide by 128
Timer Input/Output Polarity
Operation of this bit is a function of
the current operating mode of the timer
Timer Enable
0 = Timer is disabled
1 = Timer is enabled
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Timer 3 reload value [7:0]
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
29
UART0 Transmit Data
U0TXD (F40H - Write Only)
UART0 Control 0
U0CTL0 (F42H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
UART0 transmitter data byte [7:0]
UART0 Receive Data
U0RXD (F40H - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
UART0 receiver data byte [7:0]
UART0 Status 0
U0STAT0 (F41H - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
CTS signal
Returns the level of the CTS signal
Transmitter Empty
0 = Data is currently transmitting
1 = Transmission is complete
Transmitter Data Register Empty
0 = Transmit Data Register is full
1 = Transmit Data register is empty
Break Detect
0 = No break occurred
1 = A break occurred
Framing Error
0 = No framing error occurred
1 = A framing occurred
Loop Back Enable
0 = Normal operation
1 = Transmit data is looped back to
the receiver
Stop Bit Select
0 = Transmitter sends 1 Stop bit
1 = Transmitter sends 2 Stop bits
Send Break
0 = No break is sent
1 = Output of the transmitter is zero
Parity Select
0 = Even parity
1 = Odd parity
Parity Enable
0 = Parity is disabled
1 = Parity is enabled
CTS Enable
0 = CTS signal has no effect on the
transmitter
1 = UART recognizes CTS signal as a
transmit enable control signal
Receive Enable
0 = Receiver disabled
1 = Receiver enabled
Transmit Enable
0 = Transmitter disabled
1 = Transmitter enabled
Overrun Error
0 = No overrun error occurred
1 = An overrun error occurred
Parity Error
0 = No parity error occurred
1 = A parity error occurred
Receive Data Available
0 = Receive Data Register is empty
1 = A byte is available in the Receive
Data Register
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
30
UART0 Control 1
U0CTL1 (F43H - Read/Write)
UART0 Baud Rate Generator High Byte
U0BRH (F46H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Infrared Encoder/Decoder Enable
0 = Infrared endec is disabled
1 = Infrared endec is enabled
Received Data Interrupt Enable
0 = Received data and errors generate
interrupt requests
1 = Only errors generate interrupt
requests. Received data does not.
UART0 Baud Rate divisor [15:8]
UART0 Baud Rate Generator Low Byte
U0BRL (F47H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
UART0 Baud Rate divisor [7:0]
Baud Rate Registers Control
Refer to UART chapter for operation
Driver Enable Polarity
0 = DE signal is active High
1 = DE signal is active Low
UART1 Transmit Data
U1TXD (F48H - Write Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Multiprocessor Bit Transmit
0 = Send a 0 as the multiprocessor bit
1 = Send a 1 as the multiprocessor bit
UART1 transmitter data byte[7:0]
Multiprocessor Mode [0]
See Multiprocessor Mode [1] below
UART1 Receive Data
U1RXD (F48H - Read Only)
Multiprocessor (9-bit) Enable
0 = Multiprocessor mode is disabled
1 = Multiprocessor mode is enabled
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
UART receiver data byte [7:0]
Multiprocessor Mode [1]
with Multiprocess Mode bit 0:
00 = Interrupt on all received bytes
01 = Interrupt only on address bytes
10 = Interrupt on address match and
following data
11 = Interrupt on data following an
address match
UART0 Status 1
U0STAT1 (F44H - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Mulitprocessor Receive
Returns value of last multiprocessor bit
New Frame
0 = Current byte is not start of frame
1 = Current byte is start of new frame
Reserved
UART0 Address Compare
U0ADDR (F45H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
UART0 Address Compare [7:0]
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
31
UART1 Status 0
U1STAT0 (F49H - Read Only)
UART1 Control 0
U1CTL0 (F4AH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
CTS signal
Returns the level of the CTS signal
Transmitter Empty
0 = Data is currently transmitting
1 = Transmission is complete
Transmitter Data Register Empty
0 = Transmit Data Register is full
1 = Transmit Data register is empty
Break Detect
0 = No break occurred
1 = A break occurred
Framing Error
0 = No framing error occurred
1 = A framing occurred
Overrun Error
0 = No overrun error occurred
1 = An overrun error occurred
Parity Error
0 = No parity error occurred
1 = A parity error occurred
Receive Data Available
0 = Receive Data Register is empty
1 = A byte is available in the Receive
Data Register
Loop Back Enable
0 = Normal operation
1 = Transmit data is looped back to
the receiver
Stop Bit Select
0 = Transmitter sends 1 Stop bit
1 = Transmitter sends 2 Stop bits
Send Break
0 = No break is sent
1 = Output of the transmitter is zero
Parity Select
0 = Even parity
1 = Odd parity
Parity Enable
0 = Parity is disabled
1 = Parity is enabled
CTS Enable
0 = CTS signal has no effect on the
transmitter
1 = UART recognizes CTS signal as a
transmit enable control signal
Receive Enable
0 = Receiver disabled
1 = Receiver enabled
Transmit Enable
0 = Transmitter disabled
1 = Transmitter enabled
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
32
UART1 Control 1
U0CTL1 (F4BH - Read/Write)
UART1 Baud Rate Generator High Byte
U0BRH (F4EH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Infrared Encoder/Decoder Enable
0 = Infrared endec is disabled
1 = Infrared endec is enabled
Received Data Interrupt Enable
0 = Received data and errors generate
interrupt requests
1 = Only errors generate interrupt
requests. Received data does not.
UART1 Baud Rate divisor [15:8]
UART1 Baud Rate Generator Low Byte
U1BRL (F4FH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
UART1 Baud Rate divisor [7:0]
Baud Rate Registers Control
Refer to UART chapter for operation
Driver Enable Polarity
0 = DE signal is active High
1 = DE signal is active Low
I2C Data
I2CDATA (F50H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Multiprocessor Bit Transmit
0 = Send a 0 as the multiprocessor bit
1 = Send a 1 as the multiprocessor bit
I2C data [7:0]
Multiprocessor Mode [0]
See Multiprocessor Mode [1] below
I2C Status
I2CSTAT (F51H - Read Only)
Multiprocessor (9-bit) Enable
0 = Multiprocessor mode is disabled
1 = Multiprocessor mode is enabled
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Multiprocessor Mode [1]
with Multiprocess Mode bit 0:
00 = Interrupt on all received bytes
01 = Interrupt only on address bytes
10 = Interrupt on address match and
following data
11 = Interrupt on data following an
address match
UART1 Status 1
U0STAT1 (F4CH - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Mulitprocessor Receive
Returns value of last multiprocessor bit
New Frame
0 = Current byte is not start of frame
1 = Current byte is start of new frame
Reserved
UART1 Address Compare
U0ADDR (F4DH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
NACK Interrupt
0 = No action required to service NAK
1 = START/STOP not set after NAK
Data Shift State
0 = Data is not being transferred
1 = Data is being transferred
Transmit Address State
0 = Address is not being transferred
1 = Address is being transferred
Read
0 = Write operation
1 = Read operation
10-Bit Address
0 = 7-bit address being transmitted
1 = 10-bit address being transmitted
Acknowledge
0 = Acknowledge not
transmitted/received
1 = For last byte, Acknowledge was
transmitted/received
Receive Data Register Full
0 = I2C has not received data
1 = Data register contains received data
Transmit Data Register Empty
0 = Data register is full
1 = Data register is empty
UART1 Address Compare [7:0]
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
33
I2C Control
I2CCTL (F52H - Read/Write)
SPI Data
SPIDATA (F60H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
I2C Signal Filter Enable
0 = Digital filtering disabled
1 = Low-pass digital filters enabled
on SDA and SCL input signals
Flush Data
0 = No effect
1 = Clears I2C Data register
Send NAK
0 = Do not send NAK
1 = Send NAK after next byte received
from slave
Enable TDRE Interrupts
0 = Do not generate an interrupt when
the I2C Data register is empty
1 = Generate an interrupt when the I2C
Transmit Data register is empty
Baud Rate Generator Interrupt Request
0 = Interrupts behave as set by I2C
control
1 = BRG generates an interrupt when
it counts down to zero
Send Stop Condition
0 = Do not issue Stop condition after
data transmission is complete
1 = Issue Stop condition after data
transmission is complete
Send Start Condition
0 = Do not send Start Condition
1 = Send Start Condition
I2C Enable
0 = I2C is disabled
1 = I2C is enabled
SPI Data [7:0]
SPI Control
SPICTL (F61H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
SPI Enable
0 = SPI disabled
1 = SPI enabled
Master Mode Enabled
0 = SPI configured in Slave mode
1 = SPI configured in Master mode
Wire-OR (open-drain) Mode Enabled
0 = SPI signals not configured for
open-drain
1 = SPI signals (SCK, SS, MISO, and
MOSI) configured for open-drain
Clock Polarity
0 = SCK idles Low
1 = SPI idles High
Phase Select
Sets the phase relationship of the data
to the clock.
BRG Timer Interrupt Request
0 = BRG timer function is disabled
1 = BRG time-out interrupt is enabled
Start an SPI Interrupt Request
0 = No effect
1 = Generate an SPI interrupt request
Interrupt Request Enable
0 = SPI interrupt requests are disabled
1 = SPI interrupt requests are enabled
I2C Baud Rate Generator High Byte
I2CBRH (F53H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
I2C Baud Rate divisor [15:8]
I2C Baud Rate Generator Low Byte
I2CBRL (F54H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
I2C Baud Rate divisor [7:0]
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
34
SPI Status
SPISTAT (F62H - Read Only)
SPI Diagnostic State
SPIDST (F64H - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Slave Select
0 = If Slave, SS pin is asserted
1 = If Slave, SS pin is not asserted
SPI State
Transmit Clock Enable
0 = Internal transmit clock enable
signal is deasserted
1 = Internal transmit clock enable
signal is asserted
Transmit Status
0 = No data transmission in progress
1 = Data transmission now in progress
Shift Clock Enable
0 = Internal shift clock enable signal
is deasserted
1 = Internal shift clock enable signal
is asserted
Reserved
Slave Mode Transaction Abort
0 = No slave mode transaction abort
detected
1 = Slave mode transaction abort was
detected
Collision
0 = No multi-master collision detected
1 = Multi-master collision was detected
SPI Baud Rate Generator High Byte
SPIBRH (F66H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Overrun
0 = No overrun error detected
1 = Overrun error was detected
Interrupt Request
0 = No SPI interrupt request pending
1 = SPI interrupt request is pending
SPI Baud Rate divisor [15:8]
SPI Baud Rate Generator Low Byte
SPIBRL (F67H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
SPI Baud Rate divisor [7:0]
SPI Mode
SPIMODE (F63H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Slave Select Value
If Master and SPIMODE[1] = 1:
0 = SS pin driven Low
1 = SS pin driven High
Slave Select I/O
0 = SS pin configured as an input
1 = SS pin configured as an output
(Master mode only)
Number of Data Bits Per Character
000 = 8 bits
001 = 1 bit
010 = 2 bits
011 = 3 bits
100 = 4 bits
101 = 5 bit
110 = 6 bits
111 = 7 bits
Diagnostic Mode Control
0 = Reading from SPIBRH, SPIBRL
returns reload values
1 = Reading from SPIBRH, SPIBRL
returns current BRG count value
ADC Control
ADCCTL (F70H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Analog Input Select
0000 = ANA0
0001 = ANA1
0010 = ANA2
0011 = ANA3
0100 = ANA4
0101 = ANA5
0110 = ANA6
0111 = ANA7
1000 = ANA8
1001 = ANA9
1010 = ANA10 1011 = ANA11
11xx = Reserved
Continuous Mode Select
0 = Single-shot conversion
1 = Continuous conversion
External VREF select
0 = Internal voltage reference selected
1 = External voltage reference selected
Reserved
Conversion Enable
0 = Conversion is complete
1 = Begin conversion
Reserved
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
35
ADC Data High Byte
ADCD_H (F72H - Read Only)
DMA0 Address High Nibble
DMA0H (FB2H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
ADC Data [9:2]
DMA0 Start Address [11:8]
DMA0 End Address [11:8]
ADC Data Low Bits
ADCD_L (F73H - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Reserved
DMA0 Start/Current Address Low Byte
DMA0START (FB3H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
DMA0 Start Address [7:0]
ADC Data [1:0]
DMA0 Control
DMA0CTL (FB0H - Read/Write)
DMA0 End Address Low Byte
DMA0END (FB4H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Request Trigger Source Select
000 = Timer 0
001 = Timer 1
010 = Timer 2
011 = Timer 3
100 = UART0 Received Data register
contains valid data
101 = UART1 Received Data register
contains valid data
110 = I2C receiver contains valid data
111 = Reserved
Word Select
0 = DMA transfers 1 byte per request
1 = DMA transfers 2 bytes per request
DMA0 Interrupt Enable
0 = DMA0 does not generate interrupts
1 = DMA0 generates an interrupt when
End Address data is transferred
DMA0 Data Transfer Direction
0 = Register File to peripheral registers
1 = Peripheral registers to Register File
DMA0 Loop Enable
0 = DMA disables after End Address
1 = DMA reloads Start Address after
End Address and continues to run
DMA0 Enable
0 = DMA0 is disabled
1 = DMA0 is enabled
DMA0 I/O Address
DMA0IO (FB1H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
DMA0 Peripheral Register Address
Low byte of on-chip peripheral control
registers on Register File page FH
PS019915-1005
DMA0 End Address [7:0]
DMA1 Control
DMA1CTL (FB8H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Request Trigger Source Select
000 = Timer 0
001 = Timer 1
010 = Timer 2
011 = Timer 3
100 = UART0 Transmit Data register
is empty
101 = UART1 Transmit Data register
is empty
110 = I2C Transmit Data register
is empty
111 = Reserved
Word Select
0 = DMA transfers 1 byte per request
1 = DMA transfers 2 bytes per request
DMA1 Interrupt Enable
0 = DMA1 does not generate interrupts
1 = DMA1 generates an interrupt when
End Address data is transferred
DMA1 Data Transfer Direction
0 = Register File to peripheral registers
1 = Peripheral registers to Register File
DMA1 Loop Enable
0 = DMA disables after End Address
1 = DMA reloads Start Address after
End Address and continues to run
DMA1 Enable
0 = DMA1 is disabled
1 = DMA1 is enabled
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
36
DMA1 I/O Address
DMA1IO (FB9H - Read/Write)
DMA_ADC Control
DMAACTL (FBEH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
DMA1 Peripheral Register Address
Low byte of on-chip peripheral control
registers on Register File page FH
ADC Analog Input Number
0000 = Analog input 0 updated
0001 = Analog input 0-1 updated
0010 = Analog input 0-2 updated
0011 = Analog input 0-3 updated
0100 = Analog input 0-4 updated
0101 = Analog input 0-5 updated
0100 = Analog input 0-6 updated
0101 = Analog input 0-7 updated
1000 = Analog input 0-8 updated
1001 = Analog input 0-9 updated
1010 = Analog input 0-10 updated
1011 = Analog inputs 0-11 updated
11xx = Reserved
DMA1 Address High Nibble
DMA1H (FBAH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
DMA1 Start Address [11:8]
DMA1 End Address [11:8]
Reserved
DMA1 Start/Current Address Low Byte
DMA1START (FBBH - Read/Write)
Interrupt request enable
0 = DMA_ADC does not generate
interrupt requests
1 = DMA_ADC generates interrupt
requests after last analog input
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
DMA1 Start Address [7:0]
DMA_ADC Enable
0 = DMA_ADC is disabled
1 = DMA_ADC is enabled
DMA1 End Address Low Byte
DMA1END (FBCH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
DMA1 End Address [7:0]
DMA Status
DMAA_STAT (FBFH - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
DMA_ADC Address
DMAA_ADDR (FBDH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Reserved
DMA_ADC Address
DMA0 Interrupt Request Indicator
0 = DMA0 is not the source of the IRQ
1 = DMA0 is the source of the IRQ
DMA1 Interrupt Request Indicator
0 = DMA1 is not the source of the IRQ
1 = DMA1 is the source of the IRQ
DMA_ADC Interrupt Request Indicator
0 = DMA_ADC is not the source of the
IRQ
1 = DMA_ADC is the source of the
IRQ
Reserved
Current ADC analog input
Identifies the analog input the ADC is
currently converting
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
37
Interrupt Request 0
IRQ0 (FC0H - Read/Write)
IRQ0 Enable Low Bit
IRQ0ENL (FC2H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
ADC Interrupt Request
ADC IRQ Enable Hit Bit
SPI Interrupt Request
SPI IRQ Enable Low Bit
I2C Interrupt Request
I2C IRQ Enable Low Bit
UART 0 Transmitter Interrupt Request
UART 0 Transmitter IRQ Enable Low
UART 0 Receiver Interrupt Request
UART 0 Receiver IRQ Enable Low Bit
Timer 0 Interrupt Request
Timer 0 IRQ Enable Low Bit
Timer 1 Interrupt Request
Timer 1 IRQ Enable Low Bit
Timer 2 Interrupt Request
Timer 2 IRQ Enable Low Bit
For all of the above peripherals:
0 = Peripheral IRQ is not pending
1 = Peripheral IRQ is awaiting service
Interrupt Request 1
IRQ1 (FC3H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
IRQ0 Enable High Bit
IRQ0ENH (FC1H - Read/Write)
Port A or D Pin Interrupt Request
0 = IRQ from corresponding pin [7:0]
is not pending
1 = IRQ from corresponding pin [7:0]
is awaiting service
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
ADC IRQ Enable Hit Bit
SPI IRQ Enable High Bit
I2C IRQ Enable High Bit
UART 0 Transmitter IRQ Enable High
IRQ1 Enable High Bit
IRQ1ENH (FC4H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
UART 0 Receiver IRQ Enable High Bit
Port A or D Pin IRQ Enable High Bit
Timer 0 IRQ Enable High Bit
Timer 1 IRQ Enable High Bit
Timer 2 IRQ Enable High Bit
IRQ1 Enable Low Bit
IRQ1ENL (FC5H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port A or D Pin IRQ Enable Low Bit
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
38
Interrupt Request 2
IRQ2 (FC6H - Read/Write)
Interrupt Port Select
IRQPS (FCEH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port C Pin Interrupt Request
0 = IRQ from corresponding pin [3:0]
is not pending
1 = IRQ from corresponding pin [3:0]
is awaiting service
DMA Interrupt Request
UART 1 Transmitter Interrupt Request
Port A or D Port Pin Select [7:0]
0 = Port A pin is the interrupt source
1 = Port D pin is the interrupt source
Interrupt Control
IRQCTL (FCFH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
UART 1 Receiver Interrupt Request
Reserved
Timer 3 Interrupt Request
Interrupt Request Enable
0 = Interrupts are disabled
1 = Interrupts are enabled
For all of the above peripherals:
0 = Peripheral IRQ is not pending
1 = Peripheral IRQ is awaiting service
IRQ2 Enable High Bit
IRQ2ENH (FC7H - Read/Write)
Port A Address
PAADDR (FD0H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port A Address[7:0]
Selects Port Sub-Registers:
00H = No function
01H = Data direction
02H = Alternate function
03H = Output control (open-drain)
04H = High drive enable
05H = STOP mode recovery enable
06H-FFH = No function
Port C Pin IRQ Enable High Bit
DMA IRQ Enable High Bit
UART 1 Transmitter IRQ Enable High
UART 1 Receiver IRQ Enable High Bit
Timer 3 IRQ Enable High Bit
IRQ2 Enable Low Bit
IRQ2ENL (FC8H - Read/Write)
Port A Control
PACTL (FD1H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port A Control[7:0]
Provides Access to Port Sub-Registers
Port C Pin IRQ Enable Low Bit
DMA IRQ Enable Low Bit
UART 1 Transmitter IRQ Enable Low
Port A Input Data
PAIN (FD2H - Read Only)
UART 1 Receiver IRQ Enable Low Bit
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port A Input Data [7:0]
Timer 3 IRQ Enable Low Bit
Interrupt Edge Select
IRQES (FCDH - Read/Write)
Port A Output Data
PAOUT (FD3H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port A or D Interrupt Edge Select [7:0]
0 = Falling edge
1 = Rising edge
PS019915-1005
Port A Output Data [7:0]
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
39
Port B Address
PBADDR (FD4H - Read/Write)
Port C Input Data
PCIN (FDAH - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port B Address[7:0]
Selects Port Sub-Registers:
00H = No function
01H = Data direction
02H = Alternate function
03H = Output control (open-drain)
04H = High drive enable
05H = STOP mode recovery enable
06H-FFH = No function
Port B Control
PBCTL (FD5H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port C Input Data [7:0]
Port C Output Data
PCOUT (FDBH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port C Output Data [7:0]
Port D Address
PDADDR (FDCH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port B Control[7:0]
Provides Access to Port Sub-Registers
Port D Address[7:0]
Selects Port Sub-Registers:
00H = No function
01H = Data direction
02H = Alternate function
03H = Output control (open-drain)
04H = High drive enable
05H = STOP mode recovery enable
06H-FFH = No function
Port B Input Data
PBIN (FD6H - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port B Input Data [7:0]
Port B Output Data
PBOUT (FD7H - Read/Write)
Port D Control
PDCTL (FDDH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port D Control[7:0]
Provides Access to Port Sub-Registers
Port B Output Data [7:0]
Port C Address
PCADDR (FD8H - Read/Write)
Port D Input Data
PDIN (FDE H- Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port C Address[7:0]
Selects Port Sub-Registers:
00H = No function
01H = Data direction
02H = Alternate function
03H = Output control (open-drain)
04H = High drive enable
05H = STOP mode recovery enable
06H-FFH = No function
Port D Input Data [7:0]
Port D Output Data
PDOUT (FDFH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port D Output Data [7:0]
Port C Control
PCCTL (FD9H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port C Control[7:0]
Provides Access to Port Sub-Registers
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
40
Port E Address
PEADDR (FE0H - Read/Write)
Port F Input Data
PFIN (FE6H - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port E Address[7:0]
Selects Port Sub-Registers:
00H = No function
01H = Data direction
02H = Alternate function
03H = Output control (open-drain)
04H = High drive enable
05H = STOP mode recovery enable
06H-FFH = No function
Port E Control
PECTL (FE1H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port F Input Data [7:0]
Port F Output Data
PFOUT (FE7H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port F Output Data [7:0]
Port G Address
PGADDR (FE8H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port E Control[7:0]
Provides Access to Port Sub-Registers
Port G Address[7:0]
Selects Port Sub-Registers:
00H = No function
01H = Data direction
02H = Alternate function
03H = Output control (open-drain)
04H = High drive enable
05H = STOP mode recovery enable
06H-FFH = No function
Port E Input Data
PEIN (FE2H - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port E Input Data [7:0]
Port E Output Data
PEOUT (FE3H - Read/Write)
Port G Control
PGCTL (FE9H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port G Control[7:0]
Provides Access to Port Sub-Registers
Port E Output Data [7:0]
Port F Address
PFADDR (FE4H - Read/Write)
Port G Input Data
PGIN (FEAH - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port F Address[7:0]
Selects Port Sub-Registers:
00H = No function
01H = Data direction
02H = Alternate function
03H = Output control (open-drain)
04H = High drive enable
05H = STOP mode recovery enable
06H-FFH = No function
Port G Input Data [7:0]
Port G Output Data
PGOUT (FEBH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port G Output Data [7:0]
Port F Control
PFCTL (FE5H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port F Control[7:0]
Provides Access to Port Sub-Registers
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
41
Port H Address
PHADDR (FECH - Read/Write)
Watch-Dog Timer Control
WDTCTL (FF0H - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
SM Configuration Indicator
Reserved
EXT
0 = Reset not generated by RESET pin
1 = Reset generated by RESET pin
Port H Address[7:0]
Selects Port Sub-Registers:
00H = No function
01H = Data direction
02H = Alternate function
03H = Output control (open-drain)
04H = High drive enable
05H = STOP mode recovery enable
06H-FFH = No function
WDT
0 = WDT timeout has not occurred
1 = WDT timeout occurred
STOP
0 = SMR has not occurred
1 = SMR has occurred
Port H Control
PHCTL (FEDH - Read/Write)
POR
0 = POR has not occurred
1 = POR has occurred
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port H Control [3:0]
Provides Access to Port Sub-Registers
Reserved
Watch-Dog Timer Reload Upper Byte
WDTU (FF1H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port H Input Data
PHIN (FEEH - Read Only)
WDT reload value [23:16]
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port H Input Data [3:0]
Reserved
Watch-Dog Timer Reload Middle Byte
WDTH (FF2 H- Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
WDT reload value [15:8]
Port H Output Data
PHOUT (FEFH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Port H Output Data [3:0]
Watch-Dog Timer Reload Low Byte
WDTL (FF3H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Reserved
WDT reload value [7:0]
Flash Control
FCTL (FF8H - Write Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Flash Command
73H = First unlock command
8CH = Second unlock command
95H = Page erase command
63H = Mass erase command
5EH = Flash Sector Protect reg select
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Z8 Encore!
42
Flash Status
FSTAT (FF8H - Read Only)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Flags
FLAGS (FFC - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Flash Controller Status
00_0000 = Flash controller locked
00_0001 = First unlock received
00_0010 = Second unlock received
00_0011 = Flash controller unlocked
00_0100 = Flash Sector Protect register
selected
00_1xxx = Programming in progress
01_0xxx = Page erase in progress
10_0xxx = Mass erase in progress
F1 - User Flag 1
Reserved
S - Sign Flag
F2 - User Flag 2
H - Half Carry
D - Decimal Adjust
V - Overflow Flag
Z - Zero Flag
C - Carry Flag
Page Select
FPS (FF9H - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Page Select [6:0]
Identifies the Flash memory page for
Page Erase operation.
Register Pointer
RP (FFDH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Working Register Page Address [11:8]
Information Area Enable
0 = Information Area access is disabled
1 = Information Area access is enabled
Working Register Group Address [7:4]
Flash Sector Protect
FPROT (FF9H - Read/Write to 1’s)
Stack Pointer High Byte
SPH (FFEH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Flash Sector Protect [7:0]
0 = Sector can be programmed or
erased from user code
1 = Sector is protected and cannot be
programmed or erased from user
code
Stack Pointer [15:8]
Stack Pointer Low Byte
SPL (FFFH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Flash Frequency High Byte
FFREQH (FFAH - Read/Write)
Stack Pointer [7:0]
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Flash Frequency value [15:8]
Flash Frequency Low Byte
FFREQL (FFBH - Read/Write)
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Flash Frequency value [7:0]
PS019915-1005
Control Register Summary
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
43
Reset and STOP Mode Recovery
Overview
The Reset Controller within the Z8 Encore!® 64K Series controls Reset and STOP Mode
Recovery operation. In typical operation, the following events cause a Reset to occur:
•
•
•
Power-On Reset (POR)
•
•
External RESET pin assertion
Voltage Brown-Out (VBO)
Watch-Dog Timer time-out (when configured via the WDT_RES Option Bit to initiate
a Reset)
On-Chip Debugger initiated Reset (OCDCTL[0] set to 1)
When the 64K Series devices are in STOP mode, a STOP Mode Recovery is initiated by
either of the following:
•
•
•
Watch-Dog Timer time-out
GPIO Port input pin transition on an enabled STOP Mode Recovery source
DBG pin driven Low
Reset Types
The 64K Series provides two different types of reset operation (System Reset and STOP
Mode Recovery). The type of Reset is a function of both the current operating mode of the
64K Series devices and the source of the Reset. Table 8 lists the types of Reset and their
operating characteristics.
Table 8. Reset and STOP Mode Recovery Characteristics and Latency
Reset Characteristics and Latency
Reset Type
Control Registers
eZ8 CPU Reset Latency (Delay)
System Reset
Reset (as applicable)
Reset
66 WDT Oscillator cycles + 16 System Clock cycles
STOP Mode
Recovery
Unaffected, except
WDT_CTL register
Reset
66 WDT Oscillator cycles + 16 System Clock cycles
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Reset and STOP Mode Recovery
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
44
System Reset
During a System Reset, the 64K Series devices are held in Reset for 66 cycles of the
Watch-Dog Timer oscillator followed by 16 cycles of the system clock. At the beginning
of Reset, all GPIO pins are configured as inputs.
During Reset, the eZ8 CPU and on-chip peripherals are idle; however, the on-chip crystal
oscillator and Watch-Dog Timer oscillator continue to run. The system clock begins operating following the Watch-Dog Timer oscillator cycle count. The eZ8 CPU and on-chip
peripherals remain idle through the 16 cycles of the system clock.
Upon Reset, control registers within the Register File that have a defined Reset value are
loaded with their reset values. Other control registers (including the Stack Pointer, Register Pointer, and Flags) and general-purpose RAM are undefined following Reset. The eZ8
CPU fetches the Reset vector at Program Memory addresses 0002H and 0003H and loads
that value into the Program Counter. Program execution begins at the Reset vector
address.
Reset Sources
Table 9 lists the reset sources as a function of the operating mode. The text following provides more detailed information on the individual Reset sources. A Power-On Reset/Voltage Brown-Out event always takes priority over all other possible reset sources to ensure a
full system reset occurs.
Table 9. Reset Sources and Resulting Reset Type
Operating Mode
Reset Source
Normal or HALT
modes
Power-On Reset / Voltage Brown-Out System Reset
STOP mode
Reset Type
Watch-Dog Timer time-out
when configured for Reset
System Reset
RESET pin assertion
System Reset
On-Chip Debugger initiated Reset
(OCDCTL[0] set to 1)
System Reset except the On-Chip Debugger is
unaffected by the reset
Power-On Reset / Voltage Brown-Out System Reset
RESET pin assertion
System Reset
DBG pin driven Low
System Reset
Power-On Reset
Each device in the 64K Series contains an internal Power-On Reset (POR) circuit. The
POR circuit monitors the supply voltage and holds the device in the Reset state until the
supply voltage reaches a safe operating level. After the supply voltage exceeds the POR
PS019915-1005
Reset and STOP Mode Recovery
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
45
voltage threshold (VPOR), the POR Counter is enabled and counts 66 cycles of the WatchDog Timer oscillator. After the POR counter times out, the XTAL Counter is enabled to
count a total of 16 system clock pulses. The devices are held in the Reset state until both
the POR Counter and XTAL counter have timed out. After the 64K Series devices exit the
Power-On Reset state, the eZ8 CPU fetches the Reset vector. Following Power-On Reset,
the POR status bit in the Watch-Dog Timer Control (WDTCTL) register is set to 1.
Figure 8 illustrates Power-On Reset operation. Refer to the Electrical Characteristics
chapter for the POR threshold voltage (VPOR).
VCC = 3.3V
VPOR
VVBO
Program
Execution
VCC = 0.0V
WDT Clock
Primary
Oscillator
Internal RESET
signal
Oscillator
Start-up
POR
counter delay
Not to Scale
XTAL
counter delay
Figure 8. Power-On Reset Operation)
Voltage Brown-Out Reset
The devices in the 64K Series provide low Voltage Brown-Out (VBO) protection. The
VBO circuit senses when the supply voltage drops to an unsafe level (below the VBO
threshold voltage) and forces the device into the Reset state. While the supply voltage
remains below the Power-On Reset voltage threshold (VPOR), the VBO block holds the
device in the Reset state.
After the supply voltage again exceeds the Power-On Reset voltage threshold, the devices
progress through a full System Reset sequence, as described in the Power-On Reset sec-
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Reset and STOP Mode Recovery
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
46
tion. Following Power-On Reset, the POR status bit in the Watch-Dog Timer Control
(WDTCTL) register is set to 1. Figure 9 illustrates Voltage Brown-Out operation. Refer to
the Electrical Characteristics chapter for the VBO and POR threshold voltages (VVBO
and VPOR).
The Voltage Brown-Out circuit can be either enabled or disabled during STOP mode.
Operation during STOP mode is set by the VBO_AO Option Bit. Refer to the Option Bits
chapter for information on configuring VBO_AO.
VCC = 3.3V
VCC = 3.3V
VPOR
VVBO
Program
Execution
Voltage
Brownout
Program
Execution
WDT Clock
Primary
Oscillator
Internal RESET
Signal
POR
Counter Delay
XTAL
Counter Delay
Figure 9. Voltage Brown-Out Reset Operation
Watch-Dog Timer Reset
If the device is in normal or HALT mode, the Watch-Dog Timer can initiate a System
Reset at time-out if the WDT_RES Option Bit is set to 1. This capability is the default
(unprogrammed) setting of the WDT_RES Option Bit. The WDT status bit in the WDT Control register is set to signify that the reset was initiated by the Watch-Dog Timer.
External Pin Reset
The RESET pin has a Schmitt-triggered input, an internal pull-up, an analog filter and a
digital filter to reject noise. Once the RESET pin is asserted for at least 4 system clock
PS019915-1005
Reset and STOP Mode Recovery
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
47
cycles, the devices progress through the System Reset sequence. While the RESET input
pin is asserted Low, the 64K Series devices continue to be held in the Reset state. If the
RESET pin is held Low beyond the System Reset time-out, the devices exit the Reset state
immediately following RESET pin deassertion. Following a System Reset initiated by the
external RESET pin, the EXT status bit in the Watch-Dog Timer Control (WDTCTL) register is set to 1.
On-Chip Debugger Initiated Reset
A Power-On Reset can be initiated using the On-Chip Debugger by setting the RST bit in
the OCD Control register. The On-Chip Debugger block is not reset but the rest of the chip
goes through a normal system reset. The RST bit automatically clears during the system
reset. Following the system reset the POR bit in the WDT Control register is set.
STOP Mode Recovery
STOP mode is entered by the eZ8 executing a STOP instruction. Refer to the Section
Low-Power Modes on page 49 for detailed STOP mode information. During STOP Mode
Recovery, the devices are held in reset for 66 cycles of the Watch-Dog Timer oscillator
followed by 16 cycles of the system clock. STOP Mode Recovery only affects the contents
of the Watch-Dog Timer Control register. STOP Mode Recovery does not affect any other
values in the Register File, including the Stack Pointer, Register Pointer, Flags, peripheral
control registers, and general-purpose RAM.
The eZ8 CPU fetches the Reset vector at Program Memory addresses 0002H and 0003H
and loads that value into the Program Counter. Program execution begins at the Reset vector address. Following STOP Mode Recovery, the STOP bit in the Watch-Dog Timer Control Register is set to 1. Table 10 lists the STOP Mode Recovery sources and resulting
actions. The text following provides more detailed information on each of the STOP Mode
Recovery sources.
Table 10. STOP Mode Recovery Sources and Resulting Action
Operating Mode
STOP Mode Recovery Source
Action
STOP mode
Watch-Dog Timer time-out
when configured for Reset
STOP Mode Recovery
Watch-Dog Timer time-out
when configured for interrupt
STOP Mode Recovery followed by interrupt (if
interrupts are enabled)
Data transition on any GPIO Port pin
enabled as a STOP Mode Recovery
source
STOP Mode Recovery
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Reset and STOP Mode Recovery
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
48
STOP Mode Recovery Using Watch-Dog Timer Time-Out
If the Watch-Dog Timer times out during STOP mode, the device undergoes a STOP
Mode Recovery sequence. In the Watch-Dog Timer Control register, the WDT and STOP
bits are set to 1. If the Watch-Dog Timer is configured to generate an interrupt upon timeout and the 64K Series devices are configured to respond to interrupts, the eZ8 CPU services the Watch-Dog Timer interrupt request following the normal STOP Mode Recovery
sequence.
STOP Mode Recovery Using a GPIO Port Pin Transition HALT
Each of the GPIO Port pins may be configured as a STOP Mode Recovery input source.
On any GPIO pin enabled as a STOP Mode Recovery source, a change in the input pin
value (from High to Low or from Low to High) initiates STOP Mode Recovery. The GPIO
STOP Mode Recovery signals are filtered to reject pulses less than 10ns (typical) in duration. In the Watch-Dog Timer Control register, the STOP bit is set to 1.
Caution:
PS019915-1005
In STOP mode, the GPIO Port Input Data registers (PxIN) are disabled.
The Port Input Data registers record the Port transition only if the signal
stays on the Port pin through the end of the STOP Mode Recovery delay.
Thus, short pulses on the Port pin can initiate STOP Mode Recovery without being written to the Port Input Data register or without initiating an interrupt (if enabled for that pin).
Reset and STOP Mode Recovery
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
49
Low-Power Modes
Overview
The 64K Series products contain power-saving features. The highest level of power reduction is provided by STOP mode. The next level of power reduction is provided by the
HALT mode.
STOP Mode
Execution of the eZ8 CPU’s STOP instruction places the device into STOP mode. In
STOP mode, the operating characteristics are:
•
Primary crystal oscillator is stopped; the XIN pin is driven High and the XOUT pin is
driven Low.
•
•
•
•
System clock is stopped
•
The Voltage Brown-Out protection circuit continues to operate, if enabled for
operation in STOP mode using the associated Option Bit.
•
All other on-chip peripherals are idle.
eZ8 CPU is stopped
Program counter (PC) stops incrementing
The Watch-Dog Timer and its internal RC oscillator continue to operate, if enabled for
operation during STOP mode.
To minimize current in STOP mode, all GPIO pins that are configured as digital inputs
must be driven to one of the supply rails (VCC or GND), the Voltage Brown-Out protection
must be disabled, and the Watch-Dog Timer must be disabled. The devices can be brought
out of STOP mode using STOP Mode Recovery. For more information on STOP Mode
Recovery refer to the Reset and STOP Mode Recovery chapter beginning on page 43.
Caution:
PS019915-1005
STOP Mode must not be used when driving the 64K Series devices with
an external clock driver source.
Low-Power Modes
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
50
HALT Mode
Execution of the eZ8 CPU’s HALT instruction places the device into HALT mode. In
HALT mode, the operating characteristics are:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Primary crystal oscillator is enabled and continues to operate
System clock is enabled and continues to operate
eZ8 CPU is stopped
Program counter (PC) stops incrementing
Watch-Dog Timer’s internal RC oscillator continues to operate
The Watch-Dog Timer continues to operate, if enabled
All other on-chip peripherals continue to operate
The eZ8 CPU can be brought out of HALT mode by any of the following operations:
•
•
•
•
•
Interrupt
Watch-Dog Timer time-out (interrupt or reset)
Power-on reset
Voltage-brown out reset
External RESET pin assertion
To minimize current in HALT mode, all GPIO pins which are configured as inputs must be
driven to one of the supply rails (VCC or GND).
PS019915-1005
Low-Power Modes
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
51
General-Purpose I/O
Overview
The 64K Series products support a maximum of seven 8-bit ports (Ports A–G) and one 4bit port (Port H) for general-purpose input/output (I/O) operations. Each port contains
control and data registers. The GPIO control registers are used to determine data direction,
open-drain, output drive current and alternate pin functions. Each port pin is individually
programmable. All ports (except B and H) support 5V-tolerant inputs.
GPIO Port Availability By Device
Table 11 lists the port pins available with each device and package type.
Table 11. Port Availability by Device and Package Type
Device
Packages
Port A
Port B
Port C
Z8X1621
40-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[6:0]
[6:3, 1:0]
-
-
-
-
Z8X1621
44-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[6:0]
-
-
-
-
Z8X1622
64- and 68-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7]
[3]
[3:0]
Z8X2421
40-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[6:0]
[6:3, 1:0]
-
-
-
-
Z8X2421
44-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[6:0]
-
-
-
-
Z8X2422
64- and 68-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7]
[3]
[3:0]
Z8X3221
40-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[6:0]
[6:3, 1:0]
-
-
-
-
Z8X3221
44-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[6:0]
-
-
-
-
Z8X3222
64- and 68-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7]
[3]
[3:0]
Z8X4821
40-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[6:0]
[6:3, 1:0]
-
-
-
-
Z8X4821
44-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[6:0]
-
-
-
-
Z8X4822
64- and 68-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7]
[3]
[3:0]
Z8X4823
80-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[3:0]
PS019915-1005
Port D
Port E
Port F
Port G
Port H
General-Purpose I/O
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Product Specification
52
Table 11. Port Availability by Device and Package Type (Continued)
Device
Packages
Port A
Port B
Port C
Z8X6421
Port D
Port E
Port F
Port G
Port H
40-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[6:0]
[6:3, 1:0]
-
-
-
-
Z8X6421
44-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[6:0]
-
-
-
-
Z8X6422
64- and 68-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7]
[3]
[3:0]
Z8X6423
80-pin
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
[3:0]
Architecture
Figure 10 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a GPIO port pin. In this figure, the ability to accommodate alternate functions and variable port current drive strength are not
illustrated.
Port Input
Data Register
Q
Schmitt Trigger
D
System
Clock
VDD
Port Output Control
Port Output
Data Register
DATA
Bus
D
Q
Port
Pin
System
Clock
Port Data Direction
GND
Figure 10. GPIO Port Pin Block Diagram
GPIO Alternate Functions
Many of the GPIO port pins can be used as both general-purpose I/O and to provide access
to on-chip peripheral functions such as the timers and serial communication devices. The
Port A–H Alternate Function sub-registers configure these pins for either general-purpose
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Product Specification
53
I/O or alternate function operation. When a pin is configured for alternate function, control
of the port pin direction (input/output) is passed from the Port A–H Data Direction registers to the alternate function assigned to this pin. Table 12 lists the alternate functions
associated with each port pin.
Table 12. Port Alternate Function Mapping
Port
Pin
Mnemonic
Alternate Function Description
Port A
PA0
T0IN
Timer 0 Input
PA1
T0OUT
Timer 0 Output
PA2
DE0
UART 0 Driver Enable
PA3
CTS0
UART 0 Clear to Send
PA4
RXD0 / IRRX0 UART 0 / IrDA 0 Receive Data
PA5
TXD0 / IRTX0
UART 0 / IrDA 0 Transmit Data
PA6
SCL
I2C Clock (automatically open-drain)
PA7
SDA
I2C Data (automatically open-drain)
PB0
ANA0
ADC Analog Input 0
PB1
ANA1
ADC Analog Input 1
PB2
ANA2
ADC Analog Input 2
PB3
ANA3
ADC Analog Input 3
PB4
ANA4
ADC Analog Input 4
PB5
ANA5
ADC Analog Input 5
PB6
ANA6
ADC Analog Input 6
PB7
ANA7
ADC Analog Input 7
PC0
T1IN
Timer 1 Input
PC1
T1OUT
Timer 1 Output
PC2
SS
SPI Slave Select
PC3
SCK
SPI Serial Clock
PC4
MOSI
SPI Master Out Slave In
PC5
MISO
SPI Master In Slave Out
PC6
T2IN
Timer 2 In
PC7
T2OUT
Timer 2 Out
Port B
Port C
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Table 12. Port Alternate Function Mapping (Continued)
Port
Pin
Mnemonic
Alternate Function Description
Port D
PD0
T3IN
Timer 3 In (unavailable in 44-pin packages)
PD1
T3OUT
Timer 3 Out (unavailable in 44-pin packages)
PD2
N/A
No alternate function
PD3
DE1
UART 1 Driver Enable
PD4
RXD1 / IRRX1 UART 1 / IrDA 1 Receive Data
PD5
TXD1 / IRTX1
UART 1 / IrDA 1 Transmit Data
PD6
CTS1
UART 1 Clear to Send
PD7
RCOUT
Watch-Dog Timer RC Oscillator Output
Port E
PE[7:0] N/A
No alternate functions
Port F
PF[7:0] N/A
No alternate functions
Port G
PG[7:0] N/A
No alternate functions
Port H
PH0
ANA8
ADC Analog Input 8
PH1
ANA9
ADC Analog Input 9
PH2
ANA10
ADC Analog Input 10
PH3
ANA11
ADC Analog Input 11
GPIO Interrupts
Many of the GPIO port pins can be used as interrupt sources. Some port pins may be configured to generate an interrupt request on either the rising edge or falling edge of the pin
input signal. Other port pin interrupts generate an interrupt when any edge occurs (both
rising and falling). Refer to the Interrupt Controller chapter for more information on
interrupts using the GPIO pins.
GPIO Control Register Definitions
Four registers for each Port provide access to GPIO control, input data, and output data.
Table 13 lists these Port registers. Use the Port A–H Address and Control registers
together to provide access to sub-registers for Port configuration and control.
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Product Specification
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Table 13. GPIO Port Registers and Sub-Registers
Port Register Mnemonic
PxADDR
Port Register Name
Port A-H Address Register
(Selects sub-registers)
PxCTL
Port A-H Control Register
(Provides access to sub-registers)
PxIN
Port A-H Input Data Register
PxOUT
Port A-H Output Data Register
Port Sub-Register Mnemonic
Port Register Name
PxDD
Data Direction
PxAF
Alternate Function
PxOC
Output Control (Open-Drain)
PxDD
High Drive Enable
PxSMRE
STOP Mode Recovery Source Enable
Port A-H Address Registers
The Port A–H Address registers select the GPIO Port functionality accessible through the
Port A–H Control registers. The Port A–H Address and Control registers combine to provide access to all GPIO Port control (Table 14).
Table 14. Port A-H GPIO Address Registers (PxADDR)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
FIELD
PADDR[7:0]
RESET
00H
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FD0H, FD4H, FD8H, FDCH, FE0H, FE4H, FE8H, FECH
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PADDR[7:0]—Port Address
The Port Address selects one of the sub-registers accessible through the Port Control register.
PADDR[7:0]
Port Control sub-register accessible using the Port A-H Control Registers
00H
No function. Provides some protection against accidental Port reconfiguration.
01H
Data Direction
02H
Alternate Function
03H
Output Control (Open-Drain)
04H
High Drive Enable
05H
STOP Mode Recovery Source Enable.
06H-FFH
No function.
Port A-H Control Registers
The Port A–H Control registers set the GPIO port operation. The value in the corresponding Port A–H Address register determines the control sub-registers accessible using the
Port A–H Control register (Table 15).
Table 15. Port A–H Control Registers (PxCTL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
FIELD
PCTL
RESET
00H
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FD1H, FD5H, FD9H, FDDH, FE1H, FE5H, FE9H, FEDH
1
0
PCTL[7:0]—Port Control
The Port Control register provides access to all sub-registers that configure the GPIO Port
operation.
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Port A-H Data Direction Sub-Registers
The Port A–H Data Direction sub-register is accessed through the Port A–H Control register by writing 01H to the Port A–H Address register (Table 16).
Table 16. Port A-H Data Direction Sub-Registers
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
DD7
DD6
DD5
DD4
DD3
DD2
DD1
DD0
RESET
1
R/W
R/W
ADDR
If 01H in Port A-H Address Register, accessible through Port A-H Control Register
DD[7:0]—Data Direction
These bits control the direction of the associated port pin. Port Alternate Function operation overrides the Data Direction register setting.
0 = Output. Data in the Port A–H Output Data register is driven onto the port pin.
1 = Input. The port pin is sampled and the value written into the Port A-H Input Data Register. The output driver is tri-stated.
Port A–H Alternate Function Sub-Registers
The Port A–H Alternate Function sub-register (Table 17) is accessed through the Port A–
H Control register by writing 02H to the Port A–H Address register. The Port A–H Alternate Function sub-registers select the alternate functions for the selected pins. Refer to the
GPIO Alternate Functions section to determine the alternate function associated with
each port pin.
Caution:
Do not enable alternate function for GPIO port pins which do not have an
associated alternate function. Failure to follow this guideline may result in
unpredictable operation.
Table 17. Port A-H Alternate Function Sub-Registers
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
AF7
AF6
AF5
AF4
AF3
AF2
AF1
AF0
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
If 02H in Port A-H Address Register, accessible through Port A-H Control Register
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General-Purpose I/O
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Product Specification
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AF[7:0]—Port Alternate Function enabled
0 = The port pin is in normal mode and the DDx bit in the Port A–H Data Direction subregister determines the direction of the pin.
1 = The alternate function is selected. Port pin operation is controlled by the alternate
function.
Port A-H Output Control Sub-Registers
The Port A-H Output Control sub-register (Table 18) is accessed through the Port A–H
Control register by writing 03H to the Port A–H Address register. Setting the bits in the
Port A–H Output Control sub-registers to 1 configures the specified port pins for opendrain operation. These sub-registers affect the pins directly and, as a result, alternate functions are also affected.
Table 18. Port A-H Output Control Sub-Registers
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
POC7
POC6
POC5
POC4
POC3
POC2
POC1
POC0
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
If 03H in Port A-H Address Register, accessible through Port A-H Control Register
POC[7:0]—Port Output Control
These bits function independently of the alternate function bit and disables the drains if set
to 1.
0 = The drains are enabled for any output mode.
1 = The drain of the associated pin is disabled (open-drain mode).
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Port A-H High Drive Enable Sub-Registers
The Port A–H High Drive Enable sub-register (Table 19) is accessed through the Port A–
H Control register by writing 04H to the Port A-H Address register. Setting the bits in the
Port A–H High Drive Enable sub-registers to 1 configures the specified port pins for high
current output drive operation. The Port A–H High Drive Enable sub-register affects the
pins directly and, as a result, alternate functions are also affected.
Table 19. Port A–H High Drive Enable Sub-Registers
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
PHDE7
PHDE6
PHDE5
PHDE4
PHDE3
PHDE2
PHDE1
PHDE0
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
If 04H in Port A-H Address Register, accessible through Port A-H Control Register
PHDE[7:0]—Port High Drive Enabled
0 = The Port pin is configured for standard output current drive.
1 = The Port pin is configured for high output current drive.
Port A-H STOP Mode Recovery Source Enable Sub-Registers
The Port A–H STOP Mode Recovery Source Enable sub-register (Table 20) is accessed
through the Port A–H Control register by writing 05H to the Port A–H Address register.
Setting the bits in the Port A–H STOP Mode Recovery Source Enable sub-registers to 1
configures the specified Port pins as a STOP Mode Recovery source. During STOP Mode,
any logic transition on a Port pin enabled as a STOP Mode Recovery source initiates
STOP Mode Recovery.
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Product Specification
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Table 20. Port A-H STOP Mode Recovery Source Enable Sub-Registers
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
PSMRE7
PSMRE6
PSMRE5
PSMRE4
PSMRE3
PSMRE2
PSMRE1
PSMRE0
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
If 05H in Port A–H Address Register, accessible through Port A-H Control Register
PSMRE[7:0]—Port STOP Mode Recovery Source Enabled
0 = The Port pin is not configured as a STOP Mode Recovery source. Transitions on this
pin during STOP mode do not initiate STOP Mode Recovery.
1 = The Port pin is configured as a STOP Mode Recovery source. Any logic transition on
this pin during STOP mode initiates STOP Mode Recovery.
Port A-H Input Data Registers
Reading from the Port A–H Input Data registers (Table 21) returns the sampled values
from the corresponding port pins. The Port A–H Input Data registers are Read-only.
Table 21. Port A–H Input Data Registers (PxIN)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
PIN7
PIN6
PIN5
PIN4
PIN3
PIN2
PIN1
PIN0
RESET
X
R/W
R
ADDR
FD2H, FD6H, FDAH, FDEH, FE2H, FE6H, FEAH, FEEH
PIN[7:0]—Port Input Data
Sampled data from the corresponding port pin input.
0 = Input data is logical 0 (Low).
1 = Input data is logical 1 (High).
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Port A–H Output Data Register
The Port A–H Output Data register (Table 22) writes output data to the pins.
Table 22. Port A-H Output Data Register (PxOUT)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
POUT7
POUT6
POUT5
POUT4
POUT3
POUT2
POUT1
POUT0
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FD3H, FD7H, FDBH, FDFH, FE3H, FE7H, FEBH, FEFH
POUT[7:0]—Port Output Data
These bits contain the data to be driven out from the port pins. The values are only driven
if the corresponding pin is configured as an output and the pin is not configured for alternate function operation.
0 = Drive a logical 0 (Low).
1= Drive a logical 1 (High). High value is not driven if the drain has been disabled by setting the corresponding Port Output Control register bit to 1.
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Interrupt Controller
Overview
The interrupt controller on the 64K Series products prioritizes the interrupt requests from
the on-chip peripherals and the GPIO port pins. The features of the interrupt controller
include the following:
•
24 unique interrupt vectors:
– 12 GPIO port pin interrupt sources
– 12 on-chip peripheral interrupt sources
•
Flexible GPIO interrupts
– 8 selectable rising and falling edge GPIO interrupts
– 4 dual-edge interrupts
•
•
3 levels of individually programmable interrupt priority
Watch-Dog Timer can be configured to generate an interrupt
Interrupt requests (IRQs) allow peripheral devices to suspend CPU operation in an orderly
manner and force the CPU to start an interrupt service routine (ISR). Usually this interrupt
service routine is involved with the exchange of data, status information, or control information between the CPU and the interrupting peripheral. When the service routine is completed, the CPU returns to the operation from which it was interrupted.
The eZ8 CPU supports both vectored and polled interrupt handling. For polled interrupts,
the interrupt control has no effect on operation. Refer to the eZ8 CPU User Manual for
more information regarding interrupt servicing by the eZ8 CPU. The eZ8 CPU User Manual is available for download at www.zilog.com.
Interrupt Vector Listing
Table 23 lists all of the interrupts available in order of priority. The interrupt vector is
stored with the most significant byte (MSB) at the even Program Memory address and the
least significant byte (LSB) at the following odd Program Memory address.
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Product Specification
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Table 23. Interrupt Vectors in Order of Priority
Program Memory
Priority Vector Address
Interrupt Source
Highest
Lowest
PS019915-1005
0002H
Reset (not an interrupt)
0004H
Watch-Dog Timer (see Watch-Dog Timer chapter)
0006H
Illegal Instruction Trap (not an interrupt)
0008H
Timer 2
000AH
Timer 1
000CH
Timer 0
000EH
UART 0 receiver
0010H
UART 0 transmitter
0012H
I2C
0014H
SPI
0016H
ADC
0018H
Port A7 or Port D7, rising or falling input edge
001AH
Port A6 or Port D6, rising or falling input edge
001CH
Port A5 or Port D5, rising or falling input edge
001EH
Port A4 or Port D4, rising or falling input edge
0020H
Port A3 or Port D3, rising or falling input edge
0022H
Port A2 or Port D2, rising or falling input edge
0024H
Port A1 or Port D1, rising or falling input edge
0026H
Port A0 or Port D0, rising or falling input edge
0028H
Timer 3 (not available in 44-pin packages)
002AH
UART 1 receiver
002CH
UART 1 transmitter
002EH
DMA
0030H
Port C3, both input edges
0032H
Port C2, both input edges
0034H
Port C1, both input edges
0036H
Port C0, both input edges
Interrupt Controller
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
64
Architecture
Figure 11 illustrates a block diagram of the interrupt controller.
Internal Interrupts
Interrupt Request Latches and Control
Port Interrupts
High
Priority
Vector
Medium
Priority
Priority
Mux
IRQ Request
Low
Priority
Figure 11. Interrupt Controller Block Diagram
Operation
Master Interrupt Enable
The master interrupt enable bit (IRQE) in the Interrupt Control register globally enables
and disables interrupts.
Interrupts are globally enabled by any of the following actions:
•
•
•
Executing an EI (Enable Interrupt) instruction
Executing an IRET (Return from Interrupt) instruction
Writing a 1 to the IRQE bit in the Interrupt Control register
Interrupts are globally disabled by any of the following actions:
•
•
Execution of a DI (Disable Interrupt) instruction
•
•
Writing a 0 to the IRQE bit in the Interrupt Control register
PS019915-1005
eZ8 CPU acknowledgement of an interrupt service request from the interrupt
controller
Reset
Interrupt Controller
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
65
•
•
Executing a Trap instruction
Illegal Instruction trap
Interrupt Vectors and Priority
The interrupt controller supports three levels of interrupt priority. Level 3 is the highest
priority, Level 2 is the second highest priority, and Level 1 is the lowest priority. If all of
the interrupts were enabled with identical interrupt priority (all as Level 2 interrupts, for
example), then interrupt priority would be assigned from highest to lowest as specified in
Table 23. Level 3 interrupts always have higher priority than Level 2 interrupts which, in
turn, always have higher priority than Level 1 interrupts. Within each interrupt priority
level (Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3), priority is assigned as specified in Table 23. Reset,
Watch-Dog Timer interrupt (if enabled), and Illegal Instruction Trap always have highest
priority.
Interrupt Assertion
Interrupt sources assert their interrupt requests for only a single system clock period (single pulse). When the interrupt request is acknowledged by the eZ8 CPU, the corresponding bit in the Interrupt Request register is cleared until the next interrupt occurs. Writing a
0 to the corresponding bit in the Interrupt Request register likewise clears the interrupt
request.
Caution:
The following style of coding to clear bits in the Interrupt Request registers
is NOT recommended. All incoming interrupts that are received between
execution of the first LDX command and the last LDX command are lost.
Poor coding style that can result in lost interrupt requests:
LDX r0, IRQ0
AND r0, MASK
LDX IRQ0, r0
To avoid missing interrupts, the following style of coding to clear bits in
the Interrupt Request 0 register is recommended:
Good coding style that avoids lost interrupt requests:
ANDX IRQ0, MASK
Software Interrupt Assertion
Program code can generate interrupts directly. Writing a 1 to the desired bit in the Interrupt
Request register triggers an interrupt (assuming that interrupt is enabled). When the interrupt request is acknowledged by the eZ8 CPU, the bit in the Interrupt Request register is
automatically cleared to 0.
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Caution:
The following style of coding to generate software interrupts by setting
bits in the Interrupt Request registers is NOT recommended. All incoming
interrupts that are received between execution of the first LDX command
and the last LDX command are lost.
Poor coding style that can result in lost interrupt requests:
LDX r0, IRQ0
OR r0, MASK
LDX IRQ0, r0
To avoid missing interrupts, the following style of coding to set bits in the
Interrupt Request registers is recommended:
Good coding style that avoids lost interrupt requests:
ORX IRQ0, MASK
Interrupt Control Register Definitions
For all interrupts other than the Watch-Dog Timer interrupt, the interrupt control registers
enable individual interrupts, set interrupt priorities, and indicate interrupt requests.
Interrupt Request 0 Register
The Interrupt Request 0 (IRQ0) register (Table 24) stores the interrupt requests for both
vectored and polled interrupts. When a request is presented to the interrupt controller, the
corresponding bit in the IRQ0 register becomes 1. If interrupts are globally enabled (vectored interrupts), the interrupt controller passes an interrupt request to the eZ8 CPU. If
interrupts are globally disabled (polled interrupts), the eZ8 CPU can read the Interrupt
Request 0 register to determine if any interrupt requests are pending
Table 24. Interrupt Request 0 Register (IRQ0)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
T2I
T1I
T0I
U0RXI
U0TXI
I2CI
SPII
ADCI
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FC0H
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T2I—Timer 2 Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for Timer 2.
1 = An interrupt request from Timer 2 is awaiting service.
T1I—Timer 1 Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for Timer 1.
1 = An interrupt request from Timer 1 is awaiting service.
T0I—Timer 0 Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for Timer 0.
1 = An interrupt request from Timer 0 is awaiting service.
U0RXI—UART 0 Receiver Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for the UART 0 receiver.
1 = An interrupt request from the UART 0 receiver is awaiting service.
U0TXI—UART 0 Transmitter Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for the UART 0 transmitter.
1 = An interrupt request from the UART 0 transmitter is awaiting service.
I2CI— I2C Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for the I2C.
1 = An interrupt request from the I2C is awaiting service.
SPII—SPI Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for the SPI.
1 = An interrupt request from the SPI is awaiting service.
ADCI—ADC Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for the Analog-to-Digital Converter.
1 = An interrupt request from the Analog-to-Digital Converter is awaiting service.
Interrupt Request 1 Register
The Interrupt Request 1 (IRQ1) register (Table 25) stores interrupt requests for both vectored and polled interrupts. When a request is presented to the interrupt controller, the corresponding bit in the IRQ1 register becomes 1. If interrupts are globally enabled (vectored
interrupts), the interrupt controller passes an interrupt request to the eZ8 CPU. If interrupts
are globally disabled (polled interrupts), the eZ8 CPU can read the Interrupt Request 1
register to determine if any interrupt requests are pending.
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Table 25. Interrupt Request 1 Register (IRQ1)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
PAD7I
PAD6I
PAD5I
PAD4I
PAD3I
PAD2I
PAD1I
PAD0I
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FC3H
PADxI—Port A or Port D Pin x Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for GPIO Port A or Port D pin x.
1 = An interrupt request from GPIO Port A or Port D pin x is awaiting service.
where x indicates the specific GPIO Port pin number (0 through 7). For each pin, only 1 of
either Port A or Port D can be enabled for interrupts at any one time. Port selection (A or
D) is determined by the values in the Interrupt Port Select Register.
Interrupt Request 2 Register
The Interrupt Request 2 (IRQ2) register (Table 26) stores interrupt requests for both vectored and polled interrupts. When a request is presented to the interrupt controller, the corresponding bit in the IRQ2 register becomes 1. If interrupts are globally enabled (vectored
interrupts), the interrupt controller passes an interrupt request to the eZ8 CPU. If interrupts
are globally disabled (polled interrupts), the eZ8 CPU can read the Interrupt Request 1
register to determine if any interrupt requests are pending.
Table 26. Interrupt Request 2 Register (IRQ2)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
T3I
U1RXI
U1TXI
DMAI
PC3I
PC2I
PC1I
PC0I
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FC6H
T3I—Timer 3 Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for Timer 3.
1 = An interrupt request from Timer 3 is awaiting service.
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U1RXI—UART 1 Receive Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for the UART1 receiver.
1 = An interrupt request from UART1 receiver is awaiting service.
U1TXI—UART 1 Transmit Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for the UART 1 transmitter.
1 = An interrupt request from the UART 1 transmitter is awaiting service.
DMAI—DMA Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for the DMA.
1 = An interrupt request from the DMA is awaiting service.
PCxI—Port C Pin x Interrupt Request
0 = No interrupt request is pending for GPIO Port C pin x.
1 = An interrupt request from GPIO Port C pin x is awaiting service.
where x indicates the specific GPIO Port C pin number (0 through 3).
IRQ0 Enable High and Low Bit Registers
The IRQ0 Enable High and Low Bit registers (Tables 28 and 29) form a priority encoded
enabling for interrupts in the Interrupt Request 0 register. Priority is generated by setting
bits in each register. Table 27 describes the priority control for IRQ0.
Table 27. IRQ0 Enable and Priority Encoding
IRQ0ENH[x] IRQ0ENL[x] Priority
Description
0
0
Disabled
Disabled
0
1
Level 1
Low
1
0
Level 2
Nominal
1
1
Level 3
High
where x indicates the register bits from 0 through 7.
Table 28. IRQ0 Enable High Bit Register (IRQ0ENH)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
T2ENH
T1ENH
T0ENH
U0RENH
U0TENH
I2CENH
SPIENH
ADCENH
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FC1H
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T2ENH—Timer 2 Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
T1ENH—Timer 1 Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
T0ENH—Timer 0 Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
U0RENH—UART 0 Receive Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
U0TENH—UART 0 Transmit Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
I2CENH—I2C Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
SPIENH—SPI Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
ADCENH—ADC Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
Table 29. IRQ0 Enable Low Bit Register (IRQ0ENL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
T2ENL
T1ENL
T0ENL
U0RENL
U0TENL
I2CENL
SPIENL
ADCENL
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FC2H
T2ENL—Timer 2 Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
T1ENL—Timer 1 Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
T0ENL—Timer 0 Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
U0RENL—UART 0 Receive Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
U0TENL—UART 0 Transmit Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
I2CENL—I2C Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
SPIENL—SPI Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
ADCENL—ADC Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
IRQ1 Enable High and Low Bit Registers
The IRQ1 Enable High and Low Bit registers (Tables 31 and 32) form a priority encoded
enabling for interrupts in the Interrupt Request 1 register. Priority is generated by setting
bits in each register. Table 30 describes the priority control for IRQ1.
Table 30. IRQ1 Enable and Priority Encoding
IRQ1ENH[x] IRQ1ENL[x] Priority
Description
0
0
Disabled
Disabled
0
1
Level 1
Low
1
0
Level 2
Nominal
1
1
Level 3
High
where x indicates the register bits from 0 through 7.
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Table 31. IRQ1 Enable High Bit Register (IRQ1ENH)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD PAD7ENH PAD6ENH PAD5ENH PAD4ENH PAD3ENH PAD2ENH PAD1ENH PAD0ENH
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
FC4H
ADDR
PADxENH—Port A or Port D Bit[x] Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
Refer to the Interrupt Port Select register for selection of either Port A or Port D as the
interrupt source.
Table 32. IRQ1 Enable Low Bit Register (IRQ1ENL)
BITS
7
FIELD
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PAD7ENL PAD6ENL PAD5ENL PAD4ENL PAD3ENL PAD2ENL PAD1ENL PAD0ENL
RESET
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
FC5H
ADDR
PADxENL—Port A or Port D Bit[x] Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
Refer to the Interrupt Port Select register for selection of either Port A or Port D as the
interrupt source.
IRQ2 Enable High and Low Bit Registers
The IRQ2 Enable High and Low Bit registers (Tables 34 and 35) form a priority encoded
enabling for interrupts in the Interrupt Request 2 register. Priority is generated by setting
bits in each register. Table 33 describes the priority control for IRQ2.
Table 33. IRQ2 Enable and Priority Encoding
IRQ2ENH[x] IRQ2ENL[x] Priority
Description
0
0
Disabled
Disabled
0
1
Level 1
Low
1
0
Level 2
Nominal
1
1
Level 3
High
where x indicates the register bits from 0 through 7.
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Table 34. IRQ2 Enable High Bit Register (IRQ2ENH)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
T3ENH
U1RENH
U1TENH
DMAENH
C3ENH
C2ENH
C1ENH
C0ENH
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FC7H
T3ENH—Timer 3 Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
U1RENH—UART 1 Receive Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
U1TENH—UART 1 Transmit Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
DMAENH—DMA Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
C3ENH—Port C3 Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
C2ENH—Port C2 Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
C1ENH—Port C1 Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
C0ENH—Port C0 Interrupt Request Enable High Bit
Table 35. IRQ2 Enable Low Bit Register (IRQ2ENL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
T3ENL
U1RENL
U1TENL
DMAENL
C3ENL
C2ENL
C1ENL
C0ENL
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FC8H
T3ENL—Timer 3 Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
U1RENL—UART 1 Receive Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
U1TENL—UART 1 Transmit Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
DMAENL—DMA Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
C3ENL—Port C3 Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
C2ENL—Port C2 Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
C1ENL—Port C1 Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
C0ENL—Port C0 Interrupt Request Enable Low Bit
Interrupt Edge Select Register
The Interrupt Edge Select (IRQES) register (Table 36) determines whether an interrupt is
generated for the rising edge or falling edge on the selected GPIO Port input pin. The
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Interrupt Port Select register selects between Port A and Port D for the individual interrupts.
Table 36. Interrupt Edge Select Register (IRQES)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
IES7
IES6
IES5
IES4
IES3
IES2
IES1
IES0
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FCDH
IESx—Interrupt Edge Select x
The minimum pulse width should be greater than 1 system clock to guarantee capture of
the edge triggered interrupt. Shorter pulses may be captured but not guaranteed.
0 = An interrupt request is generated on the falling edge of the PAx/PDx input.
1 = An interrupt request is generated on the rising edge of the PAx/PDx input.
where x indicates the specific GPIO Port pin number (0 through 7),
Interrupt Port Select Register
The Port Select (IRQPS) register (Table 37) determines the port pin that generates the
PAx/PDx interrupts. This register allows either Port A or Port D pins to be used as interrupts. The Interrupt Edge Select register controls the active interrupt edge.
Table 37. Interrupt Port Select Register (IRQPS)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
PAD7S
PAD6S
PAD5S
PAD4S
PAD3S
PAD2S
PAD1S
PAD0S
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FCEH
PADxS—PAx/PDx Selection
0 = PAx is used for the interrupt for PAx/PDx interrupt request.
1 = PDx is used for the interrupt for PAx/PDx interrupt request.
where x indicates the specific GPIO Port pin number (0 through 7)
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Interrupt Control Register
The Interrupt Control (IRQCTL) register (Table 38) contains the master enable bit for all
interrupts.
Table 38. Interrupt Control Register (IRQCTL)
BITS
7
FIELD
IRQE
5
4
3
2
1
0
Reserved
0
RESET
R/W
6
R/W
R
FCFH
ADDR
IRQE—Interrupt Request Enable
This bit is set to 1 by execution of an EI (Enable Interrupts) or IRET (Interrupt Return)
instruction, or by a direct register write of a 1 to this bit. It is reset to 0 by executing a DI
instruction, eZ8 CPU acknowledgement of an interrupt request, or Reset.
0 = Interrupts are disabled
1 = Interrupts are enabled
Reserved
Must be 0.
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Timers
Overview
The 64K Series products contain up to four 16-bit reloadable timers that can be used for
timing, event counting, or generation of pulse-width modulated (PWM) signals. The timers’ features include:
•
•
•
•
•
16-bit reload counter
•
•
Timer output pin
Programmable prescaler with prescale values from 1 to 128
PWM output generation
Capture and compare capability
External input pin for timer input, clock gating, or capture signal. External input pin
signal frequency is limited to a maximum of one-fourth the system clock frequency.
Timer interrupt
In addition to the timers described in this chapter, the Baud Rate Generators for any
unused UART, SPI, or I2C peripherals may also be used to provide basic timing functionality. Refer to the respective serial communication peripheral chapters for information on
using the Baud Rate Generators as timers. Timer 3 is unavailable in the 44-pin package
devices.
Architecture
Figure 12 illustrates the architecture of the timers.
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Timer Block
Block
Control
16-Bit
Reload Register
System
Clock
Compare
Timer
Control
Data
Bus
Interrupt,
PWM,
and
Timer Output
Control
Gate
Input
16-Bit
PWM / Compare
Timer
Output
Compare
16-Bit Counter
with Prescaler
Timer
Input
Timer
Interrupt
Capture
Input
Figure 12. Timer Block Diagram
Operation
The timers are 16-bit up-counters. Minimum time-out delay is set by loading the value
0001H into the Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers and setting the prescale value
to 1. Maximum time-out delay is set by loading the value 0000H into the Timer Reload
High and Low Byte registers and setting the prescale value to 128. If the Timer reaches
FFFFH, the timer rolls over to 0000H and continues counting.
Timer Operating Modes
The timers can be configured to operate in the following modes:
ONE-SHOT Mode
In ONE-SHOT mode, the timer counts up to the 16-bit Reload value stored in the Timer
Reload High and Low Byte registers. The timer input is the system clock. Upon reaching
the Reload value, the timer generates an interrupt and the count value in the Timer High
and Low Byte registers is reset to 0001H. Then, the timer is automatically disabled and
stops counting.
Also, if the Timer Output alternate function is enabled, the Timer Output pin changes state
for one system clock cycle (from Low to High or from High to Low) upon timer Reload. If
it is desired to have the Timer Output make a permanent state change upon One-Shot time-
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out, first set the TPOL bit in the Timer Control 1 Register to the start value before beginning ONE-SHOT mode. Then, after starting the timer, set TPOL to the opposite bit value.
The steps for configuring a timer for ONE-SHOT mode and initiating the count are as follows:
1. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to:
– Disable the timer
– Configure the timer for ONE-SHOT mode
– Set the prescale value
– If using the Timer Output alternate function, set the initial output level (High or
Low)
2. Write to the Timer High and Low Byte registers to set the starting count value
3. Write to the Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers to set the Reload value
4. If desired, enable the timer interrupt and set the timer interrupt priority by writing to
the relevant interrupt registers
5. If using the Timer Output function, configure the associated GPIO port pin for the
Timer Output alternate function
6. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to enable the timer and initiate counting
In ONE-SHOT mode, the system clock always provides the timer input. The timer period
is given by the following equation:
( Reload Value ∠ Start Value ) × Prescale
One-Shot Mode Time-Out Period (s) = -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------System Clock Frequency (Hz)
CONTINUOUS Mode
In CONTINUOUS mode, the timer counts up to the 16-bit Reload value stored in the
Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers. The timer input is the system clock. Upon
reaching the Reload value, the timer generates an interrupt, the count value in the Timer
High and Low Byte registers is reset to 0001H and counting resumes. Also, if the Timer
Output alternate function is enabled, the Timer Output pin changes state (from Low to
High or from High to Low) upon timer Reload.
The steps for configuring a timer for CONTINUOUS mode and initiating the count are as
follows:
1. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to:
– Disable the timer
– Configure the timer for CONTINUOUS mode
– Set the prescale value
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–
If using the Timer Output alternate function, set the initial output level (High or
Low)
2. Write to the Timer High and Low Byte registers to set the starting count value (usually
0001H), affecting only the first pass in CONTINUOUS mode. After the first timer
Reload in CONTINUOUS mode, counting always begins at the reset value of 0001H.
3. Write to the Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers to set the Reload value.
4. If desired, enable the timer interrupt and set the timer interrupt priority by writing to
the relevant interrupt registers.
5. If using the Timer Output function, configure the associated GPIO port pin for the
Timer Output alternate function.
6. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to enable the timer and initiate counting.
In CONTINUOUS mode, the system clock always provides the timer input. The timer
period is given by the following equation:
Reload Value × Prescale
Continuous Mode Time-Out Period (s) = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------System Clock Frequency (Hz)
If an initial starting value other than 0001H is loaded into the Timer High and Low Byte
registers, the ONE-SHOT mode equation must be used to determine the first time-out
period.
COUNTER Mode
In COUNTER mode, the timer counts input transitions from a GPIO port pin. The timer
input is taken from the GPIO Port pin Timer Input alternate function. The TPOL bit in the
Timer Control 1 Register selects whether the count occurs on the rising edge or the falling
edge of the Timer Input signal. In COUNTER mode, the prescaler is disabled.
Caution:
The input frequency of the Timer Input signal must not exceed one-fourth
the system clock frequency.
Upon reaching the Reload value stored in the Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers,
the timer generates an interrupt, the count value in the Timer High and Low Byte registers
is reset to 0001H and counting resumes. Also, if the Timer Output alternate function is
enabled, the Timer Output pin changes state (from Low to High or from High to Low) at
timer Reload.
The steps for configuring a timer for COUNTER mode and initiating the count are as follows:
1. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to:
– Disable the timer
– Configure the timer for COUNTER mode
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–
Select either the rising edge or falling edge of the Timer Input signal for the count.
This also sets the initial logic level (High or Low) for the Timer Output alternate
function. However, the Timer Output function does not have to be enabled
2. Write to the Timer High and Low Byte registers to set the starting count value. This
only affects the first pass in COUNTER mode. After the first timer Reload in
COUNTER mode, counting always begins at the reset value of 0001H. Generally, in
COUNTER mode the Timer High and Low Byte registers must be written with the
value 0001H.
3. Write to the Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers to set the Reload value.
4. If desired, enable the timer interrupt and set the timer interrupt priority by writing to
the relevant interrupt registers.
5. Configure the associated GPIO port pin for the Timer Input alternate function.
6. If using the Timer Output function, configure the associated GPIO port pin for the
Timer Output alternate function.
7. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to enable the timer.
In COUNTER mode, the number of Timer Input transitions since the timer start is given
by the following equation:
Counter Mode Timer Input Transitions = Current Count Value ∠ Start Value
PWM Mode
In PWM mode, the timer outputs a Pulse-Width Modulator (PWM) output signal through
a GPIO Port pin. The timer input is the system clock. The timer first counts up to the 16bit PWM match value stored in the Timer PWM High and Low Byte registers. When the
timer count value matches the PWM value, the Timer Output toggles. The timer continues
counting until it reaches the Reload value stored in the Timer Reload High and Low Byte
registers. Upon reaching the Reload value, the timer generates an interrupt, the count
value in the Timer High and Low Byte registers is reset to 0001H and counting resumes.
If the TPOL bit in the Timer Control 1 register is set to 1, the Timer Output signal begins
as a High (1) and then transitions to a Low (0) when the timer value matches the PWM
value. The Timer Output signal returns to a High (1) after the timer reaches the Reload
value and is reset to 0001H.
If the TPOL bit in the Timer Control 1 register is set to 0, the Timer Output signal begins
as a Low (0) and then transitions to a High (1) when the timer value matches the PWM
value. The Timer Output signal returns to a Low (0) after the timer reaches the Reload
value and is reset to 0001H.
The steps for configuring a timer for PWM mode and initiating the PWM operation are as
follows:
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1. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to:
– Disable the timer
– Configure the timer for PWM mode
– Set the prescale value
– Set the initial logic level (High or Low) and PWM High/Low transition for the
Timer Output alternate function
2. Write to the Timer High and Low Byte registers to set the starting count value
(typically 0001H). This only affects the first pass in PWM mode. After the first timer
reset in PWM mode, counting always begins at the reset value of 0001H.
3. Write to the PWM High and Low Byte registers to set the PWM value.
4. Write to the Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers to set the Reload value (PWM
period). The Reload value must be greater than the PWM value.
5. If desired, enable the timer interrupt and set the timer interrupt priority by writing to
the relevant interrupt registers.
6. Configure the associated GPIO port pin for the Timer Output alternate function.
7. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to enable the timer and initiate counting.
The PWM period is given by the following equation:
Reload Value × Prescale
PWM Period (s) = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------System Clock Frequency (Hz)
If an initial starting value other than 0001H is loaded into the Timer High and Low Byte
registers, the One-Shot mode equation must be used to determine the first PWM time-out
period.
If TPOL is set to 0, the ratio of the PWM output High time to the total period is given by:
Reload Value ∠ PWM Value
PWM Output High Time Ratio (%) = -------------------------------------------------------------------------- × 100
Reload Value
If TPOL is set to 1, the ratio of the PWM output High time to the total period is given by:
PWM Value
PWM Output High Time Ratio (%) = ---------------------------------- × 100
Reload Value
Capture Mode
In CAPTURE mode, the current timer count value is recorded when the desired external
Timer Input transition occurs. The Capture count value is written to the Timer PWM High
and Low Byte Registers. The timer input is the system clock. The TPOL bit in the Timer
Control 1 register determines if the Capture occurs on a rising edge or a falling edge of the
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Timer Input signal. When the Capture event occurs, an interrupt is generated and the timer
continues counting.
The timer continues counting up to the 16-bit Reload value stored in the Timer Reload
High and Low Byte registers. Upon reaching the Reload value, the timer generates an
interrupt and continues counting.
The steps for configuring a timer for CAPTURE mode and initiating the count are as follows:
1. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to:
– Disable the timer
– Configure the timer for CAPTURE mode.
– Set the prescale value.
– Set the Capture edge (rising or falling) for the Timer Input.
2. Write to the Timer High and Low Byte registers to set the starting count value
(typically 0001H).
3. Write to the Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers to set the Reload value.
4. Clear the Timer PWM High and Low Byte registers to 0000H. This allows user
software to determine if interrupts were generated by either a capture event or a
reload. If the PWM High and Low Byte registers still contain 0000H after the
interrupt, then the interrupt was generated by a Reload.
5. If desired, enable the timer interrupt and set the timer interrupt priority by writing to
the relevant interrupt registers.
6. Configure the associated GPIO port pin for the Timer Input alternate function.
7. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to enable the timer and initiate counting.
In CAPTURE mode, the elapsed time from timer start to Capture event can be calculated
using the following equation:
( Capture Value ∠ Start Value ) × Prescale
Capture Elapsed Time (s) = ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------System Clock Frequency (Hz)
Compare Mode
In COMPARE mode, the timer counts up to the 16-bit maximum Compare value stored in
the Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers. The timer input is the system clock. Upon
reaching the Compare value, the timer generates an interrupt and counting continues (the
timer value is not reset to 0001H). Also, if the Timer Output alternate function is enabled,
the Timer Output pin changes state (from Low to High or from High to Low) upon Compare.
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If the Timer reaches FFFFH, the timer rolls over to 0000H and continue counting.
The steps for configuring a timer for COMPARE mode and initiating the count are as follows:
1. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to:
– Disable the timer
– Configure the timer for COMPARE mode
– Set the prescale value
– Set the initial logic level (High or Low) for the Timer Output alternate function, if
desired
2. Write to the Timer High and Low Byte registers to set the starting count value.
3. Write to the Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers to set the Compare value.
4. If desired, enable the timer interrupt and set the timer interrupt priority by writing to
the relevant interrupt registers.
5. If using the Timer Output function, configure the associated GPIO port pin for the
Timer Output alternate function.
6. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to enable the timer and initiate counting.
In COMPARE mode, the system clock always provides the timer input. The Compare time
is given by the following equation:
( Compare Value ∠ Start Value ) × Prescale
Compare Mode Time (s) = -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------System Clock Frequency (Hz)
GATED Mode
In GATED mode, the timer counts only when the Timer Input signal is in its active state
(asserted), as determined by the TPOL bit in the Timer Control 1 register. When the Timer
Input signal is asserted, counting begins. A timer interrupt is generated when the Timer
Input signal is deasserted or a timer reload occurs. To determine if a Timer Input signal
deassertion generated the interrupt, read the associated GPIO input value and compare to
the value stored in the TPOL bit.
The timer counts up to the 16-bit Reload value stored in the Timer Reload High and Low
Byte registers. The timer input is the system clock. When reaching the Reload value, the
timer generates an interrupt, the count value in the Timer High and Low Byte registers is
reset to 0001H and counting resumes (assuming the Timer Input signal is still asserted).
Also, if the Timer Output alternate function is enabled, the Timer Output pin changes state
(from Low to High or from High to Low) at timer reset.
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The steps for configuring a timer for GATED mode and initiating the count are as follows:
1. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to:
– Disable the timer
– Configure the timer for GATED mode
– Set the prescale value
2. Write to the Timer High and Low Byte registers to set the starting count value. This
only affects the first pass in GATED mode. After the first timer reset in GATED mode,
counting always begins at the reset value of 0001H.
3. Write to the Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers to set the Reload value.
4. If desired, enable the timer interrupt and set the timer interrupt priority by writing to
the relevant interrupt registers.
5. Configure the associated GPIO port pin for the Timer Input alternate function.
6. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to enable the timer.
7. Assert the Timer Input signal to initiate the counting.
CAPTURE/COMPARE Mode
In CAPTURE/COMPARE mode, the timer begins counting on the first external Timer
Input transition. The desired transition (rising edge or falling edge) is set by the TPOL bit
in the Timer Control 1 Register. The timer input is the system clock.
Every subsequent desired transition (after the first) of the Timer Input signal captures the
current count value. The Capture value is written to the Timer PWM High and Low Byte
Registers. When the Capture event occurs, an interrupt is generated, the count value in the
Timer High and Low Byte registers is reset to 0001H, and counting resumes.
If no Capture event occurs, the timer counts up to the 16-bit Compare value stored in the
Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers. Upon reaching the Compare value, the timer
generates an interrupt, the count value in the Timer High and Low Byte registers is reset to
0001H and counting resumes.
The steps for configuring a timer for CAPTURE/COMPARE mode and initiating the
count are as follows:
1. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to:
– Disable the timer
– Configure the timer for CAPTURE/COMPARE mode
– Set the prescale value
– Set the Capture edge (rising or falling) for the Timer Input
2. Write to the Timer High and Low Byte registers to set the starting count value
(typically 0001H).
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3. Write to the Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers to set the Compare value.
4. If desired, enable the timer interrupt and set the timer interrupt priority by writing to
the relevant interrupt registers.
5. Configure the associated GPIO port pin for the Timer Input alternate function.
6. Write to the Timer Control 1 register to enable the timer.
7. Counting begins on the first appropriate transition of the Timer Input signal. No
interrupt is generated by this first edge.
In m/COMPARE mode, the elapsed time from timer start to Capture event can be calculated using the following equation:
( Capture Value ∠ Start Value ) × Prescale
Capture Elapsed Time (s) = ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------System Clock Frequency (Hz)
Reading the Timer Count Values
The current count value in the timers can be read while counting (enabled). This capability
has no effect on timer operation. When the timer is enabled and the Timer High Byte register is read, the contents of the Timer Low Byte register are placed in a holding register. A
subsequent read from the Timer Low Byte register returns the value in the holding register.
This operation allows accurate reads of the full 16-bit timer count value while enabled.
When the timers are not enabled, a read from the Timer Low Byte register returns the
actual value in the counter.
Timer Output Signal Operation
Timer Output is a GPIO Port pin alternate function. Generally, the Timer Output is toggled
every time the counter is reloaded.
Timer Control Register Definitions
Timers 0-2 are available in all packages. Timer 3 is only available in the 64-, 68-, and 80pin packages.
Timer 0-3 High and Low Byte Registers
The Timer 0-3 High and Low Byte (TxH and TxL) registers (Tables 38 and 39) contain the
current 16-bit timer count value. When the timer is enabled, a read from TxH causes the
value in TxL to be stored in a temporary holding register. A read from TMRL always
returns this temporary register when the timers are enabled. When the timer is disabled,
reads from the TMRL reads the register directly.
Writing to the Timer High and Low Byte registers while the timer is enabled is not recommended. There are no temporary holding registers available for write operations, so simul-
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taneous 16-bit writes are not possible. If either the Timer High or Low Byte registers are
written during counting, the 8-bit written value is placed in the counter (High or Low
Byte) at the next clock edge. The counter continues counting from the new value.
Timer 3 is unavailable in the 40- and 44-pin packages.
Table 38. Timer 0-3 High Byte Register (TxH)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
TH
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F00H, F08H, F10H, F18H
2
1
0
2
1
0
Table 39>. Timer 0-3 Low Byte Register (TxL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
TL
FIELD
0
RESET
1
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F01H, F09H, F11H, F19H
TH and TL—Timer High and Low Bytes
These 2 bytes, {TMRH[7:0], TMRL[7:0]}, contain the current 16-bit timer count value.
Timer Reload High and Low Byte Registers
The Timer 0-3 Reload High and Low Byte (TxRH and TxRL) registers (Tables 40 and 41)
store a 16-bit reload value, {TRH[7:0], TRL[7:0]}. Values written to the Timer Reload
High Byte register are stored in a temporary holding register. When a write to the Timer
Reload Low Byte register occurs, the temporary holding register value is written to the
Timer High Byte register. This operation allows simultaneous updates of the 16-bit Timer
Reload value.
In COMPARE mode, the Timer Reload High and Low Byte registers store the 16-bit
Compare value.
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Table 40. Timer 0-3 Reload High Byte Register (TxRH)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
TRH
RESET
1
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F02H, F0AH, F12H, F1AH
2
1
0
2
1
0
Table 41. Timer 0-3 Reload Low Byte Register (TxRL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
TRL
RESET
1
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F03H, F0BH, F13H, F1BH
TRH and TRL—Timer Reload Register High and Low
These two bytes form the 16-bit Reload value, {TRH[7:0], TRL[7:0]}. This value sets the
maximum count value which initiates a timer reload to 0001H. In COMPARE mode, these
two byte form the 16-bit Compare value.
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Timer 0-3 PWM High and Low Byte Registers
The Timer 0-3 PWM High and Low Byte (TxPWMH and TxPWML) registers (Tables 42
and 43) are used for Pulse-Width Modulator (PWM) operations. These registers also store
the Capture values for the Capture and Capture/COMPARE modes.
Table 42. Timer 0-3 PWM High Byte Register (TxPWMH)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
PWMH
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F04H, F0CH, F14H, F1CH
2
1
0
2
1
0
Table 43. Timer 0-3 PWM Low Byte Register (TxPWML)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
PWML
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F05H, F0DH, F15H, F1DH
PWMH and PWML—Pulse-Width Modulator High and Low Bytes
These two bytes, {PWMH[7:0], PWML[7:0]}, form a 16-bit value that is compared to the
current 16-bit timer count. When a match occurs, the PWM output changes state. The
PWM output value is set by the TPOL bit in the Timer Control 1 Register (TxCTL1) register.
The TxPWMH and TxPWML registers also store the 16-bit captured timer value when
operating in Capture or Capture/COMPARE modes.
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Timer 0-3 Control 0 Registers
The Timer 0-3 Control 0 (TxCTL0) registers (Tables 44 and 45) allow cascading of the
Timers.
Table 44. Timer 0-3 Control 0 Register (TxCTL0)
BITS
7
6
5
4
2
CSC
Reserved
FIELD
3
1
0
Reserved
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F06H, F0EH, F16H, F1EH
CSC—Cascade Timers
0 = Timer Input signal comes from the pin.
1 = For Timer 0, Input signal is connected to Timer 3 output.
For Timer 1, Input signal is connected to Timer 0 output.
For Timer 2, Input signal is connected to Timer 1 output.
For Timer 3, Input signal is connected to Timer 2 output.
Timer 0-3 Control 1 Registers
The Timer 0-3 Control 1 (TxCTL1) registers enable/disable the timers, set the prescaler
value, and determine the timer operating mode.
Table 45. Timer 0-3 Control 1 Register (TxCTL1)
BITS
7
6
FIELD
TEN
TPOL
5
4
3
PRES
2
1
0
TMODE
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F07H, F0FH, F17H, F1FH
TEN—Timer Enable
0 = Timer is disabled.
1 = Timer enabled to count.
TPOL—Timer Input/Output Polarity
Operation of this bit is a function of the current operating mode of the timer.
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ONE-SHOT mode
When the timer is disabled, the Timer Output signal is set to the value of this bit.
When the timer is enabled, the Timer Output signal is complemented upon timer
Reload.
CONTINUOUS mode
When the timer is disabled, the Timer Output signal is set to the value of this bit.
When the timer is enabled, the Timer Output signal is complemented upon timer
Reload.
COUNTER mode
When the timer is disabled, the Timer Output signal is set to the value of this bit.
When the timer is enabled, the Timer Output signal is complemented upon timer
Reload.
PWM mode
0 = Timer Output is forced Low (0) when the timer is disabled. When enabled, the
Timer Output is forced High (1) upon PWM count match and forced Low (0) upon
Reload.
1 = Timer Output is forced High (1) when the timer is disabled. When enabled, the
Timer Output is forced Low (0) upon PWM count match and forced High (1) upon
Reload.
CAPTURE mode
0 = Count is captured on the rising edge of the Timer Input signal.
1 = Count is captured on the falling edge of the Timer Input signal.
COMPARE mode
When the timer is disabled, the Timer Output signal is set to the value of this bit.
When the timer is enabled, the Timer Output signal is complemented upon timer
Reload.
GATED mode
0 = Timer counts when the Timer Input signal is High (1) and interrupts are generated
on the falling edge of the Timer Input.
1 = Timer counts when the Timer Input signal is Low (0) and interrupts are generated
on the rising edge of the Timer Input.
CAPTURE/COMPARE mode
0 = Counting is started on the first rising edge of the Timer Input signal. The current
count is captured on subsequent rising edges of the Timer Input signal.
1 = Counting is started on the first falling edge of the Timer Input signal. The current
count is captured on subsequent falling edges of the Timer Input signal.
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Caution:
When the Timer Output alternate function TxOUT on a GPIO port pin is
enabled, TxOUT will change to whatever state the TPOL bit is in. The timer does not need to be enabled for that to happen. Also, the Port data direction sub register is not needed to be set to output on TxOUT. Changing the
TPOL bit with the timer enabled and running does not immediately change
the TxOUT.
PRES—Prescale value.
The timer input clock is divided by 2PRES, where PRES can be set from 0 to 7. The
prescaler is reset each time the Timer is disabled. This insures proper clock division
each time the Timer is restarted.
000 = Divide by 1
001 = Divide by 2
010 = Divide by 4
011 = Divide by 8
100 = Divide by 16
101 = Divide by 32
110 = Divide by 64
111 = Divide by 128
TMODE—TIMER mode
000 = ONE-SHOT mode
001 = CONTINUOUS mode
010 = COUNTER mode
011 = PWM mode
100 = CAPTURE mode
101 = COMPARE mode
110 = GATED mode
111 = CAPTURE/COMPARe mode
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Watch-Dog Timer
Overview
The Watch-Dog Timer (WDT) helps protect against corrupt or unreliable software, power
faults, and other system-level problems which may place the Z8 Encore!® into unsuitable
operating states. The Watch-Dog Timer includes the following features:
•
•
•
•
On-chip RC oscillator
A selectable time-out response:
WDT Time-out response: Reset or interrupt
24-bit programmable time-out value
Operation
The Watch-Dog Timer (WDT) is a retriggerable one-shot timer that resets or interrupts the
64K Series devices when the WDT reaches its terminal count. The Watch-Dog Timer uses
its own dedicated on-chip RC oscillator as its clock source. The Watch-Dog Timer has
only two modes of operation—ON and OFF. Once enabled, it always counts and must be
refreshed to prevent a time-out. An enable can be performed by executing the WDT
instruction or by setting the WDT_AO Option Bit. The WDT_AO bit enables the Watch-Dog
Timer to operate all the time, even if a WDT instruction has not been executed.
The Watch-Dog Timer is a 24-bit reloadable downcounter that uses three 8-bit registers in
the eZ8 CPU register space to set the reload value. The nominal WDT time-out period is
given by the following equation:
WDT Reload Value
WDT Time-out Period (ms) = -------------------------------------------------10
where the WDT reload value is the decimal value of the 24-bit value given by
{WDTU[7:0], WDTH[7:0], WDTL[7:0]} and the typical Watch-Dog Timer RC oscillator
frequency is 10kHz. The Watch-Dog Timer cannot be refreshed once it reaches 000002H.
The WDT Reload Value must not be set to values below 000004H. Table 46 provides
information on approximate time-out delays for the minimum and maximum WDT reload
values.
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Table 46. Watch-Dog Timer Approximate Time-Out Delays
Approximate Time-Out Delay
(with 10kHz typical WDT oscillator frequency)
WDT Reload Value
WDT Reload Value
(Hex)
(Decimal)
Typical
000004
4
400μs
Minimum time-out delay
FFFFFF
16,777,215
1677.5s
Maximum time-out delay
Description
Watch-Dog Timer Refresh
When first enabled, the Watch-Dog Timer is loaded with the value in the Watch-Dog
Timer Reload registers. The Watch-Dog Timer then counts down to 000000H unless a
WDT instruction is executed by the eZ8 CPU. Execution of the WDT instruction causes
the downcounter to be reloaded with the WDT Reload value stored in the Watch-Dog
Timer Reload registers. Counting resumes following the reload operation.
When the 64K Series devices are operating in Debug Mode (through the On-Chip Debugger), the Watch-Dog Timer is continuously refreshed to prevent spurious Watch-Dog
Timer time-outs.
Watch-Dog Timer Time-Out Response
The Watch-Dog Timer times out when the counter reaches 000000H. A time-out of the
Watch-Dog Timer generates either an interrupt or a Reset. The WDT_RES Option Bit
determines the time-out response of the Watch-Dog Timer. Refer to the Option Bits chapter for information regarding programming of the WDT_RES Option Bit.
WDT Interrupt in Normal Operation
If configured to generate an interrupt when a time-out occurs, the Watch-Dog Timer issues
an interrupt request to the interrupt controller and sets the WDT status bit in the Watch-Dog
Timer Control register. If interrupts are enabled, the eZ8 CPU responds to the interrupt
request by fetching the Watch-Dog Timer interrupt vector and executing code from the
vector address. After time-out and interrupt generation, the Watch-Dog Timer counter
rolls over to its maximum value of FFFFFH and continues counting. The Watch-Dog
Timer counter is not automatically returned to its Reload Value.
WDT Interrupt in STOP Mode
If configured to generate an interrupt when a time-out occurs and the 64K Series devices
are in STOP mode, the Watch-Dog Timer automatically initiates a STOP Mode Recovery
and generates an interrupt request. Both the WDT status bit and the STOP bit in the WatchDog Timer Control register are set to 1 following WDT time-out in STOP mode. Refer to
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the Reset and STOP Mode Recovery chapter for more information on STOP Mode
Recovery.
If interrupts are enabled, following completion of the STOP Mode Recovery the eZ8 CPU
responds to the interrupt request by fetching the Watch-Dog Timer interrupt vector and
executing code from the vector address.
WDT Reset in Normal Operation
If configured to generate a Reset when a time-out occurs, the Watch-Dog Timer forces the
device into the Reset state. The WDT status bit in the Watch-Dog Timer Control register is
set to 1. Refer to the Reset and STOP Mode Recovery chapter for more information on
Reset.
WDT Reset in STOP Mode
If enabled in STOP mode and configured to generate a Reset when a time-out occurs and
the device is in STOP mode, the Watch-Dog Timer initiates a STOP Mode Recovery. Both
the WDT status bit and the STOP bit in the Watch-Dog Timer Control register are set to 1
following WDT time-out in STOP mode. Refer to the Reset and STOP Mode Recovery
chapter for more information. Default operation is for the WDT and its RC oscillator to be
enabled during STOP mode.
WDT RC Disable in STOP Mode
To minimize power consumption in STOP Mode, the WDT and its RC oscillator can be
disabled in STOP mode. The following sequence configures the WDT to be disabled when
the 64K Series devices enter STOP Mode following execution of a STOP instruction:
1. Write 55H to the Watch-Dog Timer Control register (WDTCTL).
2. Write AAH to the Watch-Dog Timer Control register (WDTCTL).
3. Write 81H to the Watch-Dog Timer Control register (WDTCTL) to configure the
WDT and its oscillator to be disabled during STOP Mode. Alternatively, write 00H to
the Watch-Dog Timer Control register (WDTCTL) as the third step in this sequence to
reconfigure the WDT and its oscillator to be enabled during STOP Mode.
This sequence only affects WDT operation in STOP mode.
Watch-Dog Timer Reload Unlock Sequence
Writing the unlock sequence to the Watch-Dog Timer (WDTCTL) Control register address
unlocks the three Watch-Dog Timer Reload Byte registers (WDTU, WDTH, and WDTL)
to allow changes to the time-out period. These write operations to the WDTCTL register
address produce no effect on the bits in the WDTCTL register. The locking mechanism
prevents spurious writes to the Reload registers. The follow sequence is required to unlock
the Watch-Dog Timer Reload Byte registers (WDTU, WDTH, and WDTL) for write
access.
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1. Write 55H to the Watch-Dog Timer Control register (WDTCTL).
2. Write AAH to the Watch-Dog Timer Control register (WDTCTL).
3. Write the Watch-Dog Timer Reload Upper Byte register (WDTU).
4. Write the Watch-Dog Timer Reload High Byte register (WDTH).
5. Write the Watch-Dog Timer Reload Low Byte register (WDTL).
All steps of the Watch-Dog Timer Reload Unlock sequence must be written in the order
just listed. There must be no other register writes between each of these operations. If a
register write occurs, the lock state machine resets and no further writes can occur, unless
the sequence is restarted. The value in the Watch-Dog Timer Reload registers is loaded
into the counter when the Watch-Dog Timer is first enabled and every time a WDT
instruction is executed.
Watch-Dog Timer Control Register Definitions
Watch-Dog Timer Control Register
The Watch-Dog Timer Control (WDTCTL) register, detailed in Table 47, is a Read-Only
register that indicates the source of the most recent Reset event, indicates a STOP Mode
Recovery event, and indicates a Watch-Dog Timer time-out. Reading this register resets
the upper four bits to 0.
Writing the 55H, AAH unlock sequence to the Watch-Dog Timer Control (WDTCTL) register address unlocks the three Watch-Dog Timer Reload Byte registers (WDTU, WDTH,
and WDTL) to allow changes to the time-out period. These write operations to the
WDTCTL register address produce no effect on the bits in the WDTCTL register. The
locking mechanism prevents spurious writes to the Reload registers.
Table 47. Watch-Dog Timer Control Register (WDTCTL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
FIELD
POR
STOP
WDT
EXT
RESET
3
Reserved
See descriptions below
1
0
SM
0
R/W
R
ADDR
FF0H
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Reset or STOP Mode Recovery Event
POR
STOP
WDT
EXT
Power-On Reset
1
0
0
0
Reset using RESET pin assertion
0
0
0
1
Reset using Watch-Dog Timer time-out
0
0
1
0
Reset using the On-Chip Debugger (OCDCTL[1] set to 1)
1
0
0
0
Reset from STOP Mode using DBG Pin driven Low
1
0
0
0
STOP Mode Recovery using GPIO pin transition
0
1
0
0
STOP Mode Recovery using Watch-Dog Timer time-out
0
1
1
0
POR—Power-On Reset Indicator
If this bit is set to 1, a Power-On Reset event occurred. This bit is reset to 0 if a WDT timeout or STOP Mode Recovery occurs. This bit is also reset to 0 when the register is read.
STOP—STOP Mode Recovery Indicator
If this bit is set to 1, a STOP Mode Recovery occurred. If the STOP and WDT bits are both
set to 1, the STOP Mode Recovery occurred due to a WDT time-out. If the STOP bit is 1
and the WDT bit is 0, the STOP Mode Recovery was not caused by a WDT time-out. This
bit is reset by a Power-On Reset or a WDT time-out that occurred while not in STOP
mode. Reading this register also resets this bit.
WDT—Watch-Dog Timer Time-Out Indicator
If this bit is set to 1, a WDT time-out occurred. A Power-On Reset resets this pin. A STOP
Mode Recovery from a change in an input pin also resets this bit. Reading this register
resets this bit.
EXT—External Reset Indicator
If this bit is set to 1, a Reset initiated by the external RESET pin occurred. A Power-On
Reset or a STOP Mode Recovery from a change in an input pin resets this bit. Reading this
register resets this bit.
Reserved
These bits are reserved and must be 0.
SM—STOP Mode Configuration Indicator
0 = Watch-Dog Timer and its internal RC oscillator will continue to operate in STOP
Mode.
1 = Watch-Dog Timer and its internal RC oscillator will be disabled in STOP Mode.
Watch-Dog Timer Reload Upper, High and Low Byte Registers
The Watch-Dog Timer Reload Upper, High and Low Byte (WDTU, WDTH, WDTL) registers (Tables 48 through 50) form the 24-bit reload value that is loaded into the WatchDog Timer when a WDT instruction executes. The 24-bit reload value is {WDTU[7:0],
WDTH[7:0], WDTL[7:0]}. Writing to these registers sets the desired Reload Value. Reading from these registers returns the current Watch-Dog Timer count value.
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Caution:
The 24-bit WDT Reload Value must not be set to a value less than
000004H.
Table 48. Watch-Dog Timer Reload Upper Byte Register (WDTU)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
WDTU
RESET
1
R/W
R/W*
ADDR
FF1H
2
1
0
R/W* - Read returns the current WDT count value. Write sets the desired Reload Value.
WDTU—WDT Reload Upper Byte
Most significant byte (MSB), Bits[23:16], of the 24-bit WDT reload value.
Table 49. Watch-Dog Timer Reload High Byte Register (WDTH)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
WDTH
RESET
1
R/W
R/W*
ADDR
FF2H
2
1
0
R/W* - Read returns the current WDT count value. Write sets the desired Reload Value.
WDTH—WDT Reload High Byte
Middle byte, Bits[15:8], of the 24-bit WDT reload value.
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Table 50. Watch-Dog Timer Reload Low Byte Register (WDTL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
WDTL
RESET
1
R/W
R/W*
ADDR
FF3H
2
1
0
R/W* - Read returns the current WDT count value. Write sets the desired Reload Value.
WDTL—WDT Reload Low
Least significant byte (LSB), Bits[7:0], of the 24-bit WDT reload value.
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UART
Overview
The Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) is a full-duplex communication channel capable of handling asynchronous data transfers. The UART uses a single
8-bit data mode with selectable parity. Features of the UART include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
8-bit asynchronous data transfer
Selectable even- and odd-parity generation and checking
Option of one or two Stop bits
Separate transmit and receive interrupts
Framing, parity, overrun and break detection
Separate transmit and receive enables
16-bit Baud Rate Generator (BRG)
Selectable Multiprocessor (9-bit) mode with three configurable interrupt schemes
Baud Rate Generator timer mode
Driver Enable output for external bus transceivers
Architecture
The UART consists of three primary functional blocks: transmitter, receiver, and baud rate
generator. The UART’s transmitter and receiver function independently, but employ the
same baud rate and data format. Figure 13 illustrates the UART architecture.
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Parity Checker
Receiver Control
with address compare
RXD
Receive Shifter
Receive Data
Register
Control Registers
System Bus
Transmit Data
Register
Status Register
Baud Rate
Generator
Transmit Shift
Register
TXD
Transmitter Control
Parity Generator
CTS
DE
Figure 13. UART Block Diagram
Operation
Data Format
The UART always transmits and receives data in an 8-bit data format, least-significant bit
first. An even or odd parity bit can be optionally added to the data stream. Each character
begins with an active Low Start bit and ends with either 1 or 2 active High Stop bits.
Figures 14 and 15 illustrates the asynchronous data format employed by the UART without parity and with parity, respectively.
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Stop Bit(s)
Data Field
Idle State
of Line
lsb
msb
1
Start
Bit0
Bit1
Bit2
Bit3
Bit4
Bit5
Bit6
Bit7
0
1
2
Figure 14. UART Asynchronous Data Format without Parity
Stop Bit(s)
Data Field
Idle State
of Line
lsb
msb
1
Start
Bit0
Bit1
Bit2
Bit3
Bit4
Bit5
Bit6
Bit7
Parity
0
1
2
Figure 15. UART Asynchronous Data Format with Parity
Transmitting Data using the Polled Method
Follow these steps to transmit data using the polled method of operation:
1. Write to the UART Baud Rate High and Low Byte registers to set the desired baud
rate.
2. Enable the UART pin functions by configuring the associated GPIO Port pins for
alternate function operation.
3. If multiprocessor mode is desired, write to the UART Control 1 register to enable
Multiprocessor (9-bit) mode functions.
– Set the MULTIPROCESSOR Mode Select (MPEN) to Enable
MULTIPROCESSOR mode.
4. Write to the UART Control 0 register to:
– Set the transmit enable bit (TEN) to enable the UART for data transmission
– If parity is desired and MULTIPROCESSOR mode is not enabled, set the parity
enable bit (PEN) and select either Even or Odd parity (PSEL).
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–
Set or clear the CTSE bit to enable or disable control from the remote receiver
using the CTS pin.
5. Check the TDRE bit in the UART Status 0 register to determine if the Transmit Data
register is empty (indicated by a 1). If empty, continue to Step 6. If the Transmit Data
register is full (indicated by a 0), continue to monitor the TDRE bit until the Transmit
Data register becomes available to receive new data.
6. Write the UART Control 1 register to select the outgoing address bit.
7. Set the MULTIPROCESSOR Bit Transmitter (MPBT) if sending an address byte, clear
it if sending a data byte.
8. Write the data byte to the UART Transmit Data register. The transmitter automatically
transfers the data to the Transmit Shift register and transmits the data.
9. If desired and MULTIPROCESSOR mode is enabled, make any changes to the
MULTIPROCESSOR Bit Transmitter (MPBT) value.
10. To transmit additional bytes, return to Step 5.
Transmitting Data using the Interrupt-Driven Method
The UART transmitter interrupt indicates the availability of the Transmit Data register to
accept new data for transmission. Follow these steps to configure the UART for interruptdriven data transmission:
1. Write to the UART Baud Rate High and Low Byte registers to set the desired baud
rate.
2. Enable the UART pin functions by configuring the associated GPIO Port pins for
alternate function operation.
3. Execute a DI instruction to disable interrupts.
4. Write to the Interrupt control registers to enable the UART Transmitter interrupt and
set the desired priority.
5. If MULTIPROCESSOR mode is desired, write to the UART Control 1 register to
enable MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) mode functions.
6. Set the MULTIPROCESSOR Mode Select (MPEN) to Enable MULTIPROCESSOR
mode
7. Write to the UART Control 0 register to:
– Set the transmit enable bit (TEN) to enable the UART for data transmission
– Enable parity, if desired and if multiprocessor mode is not enabled, and select
either even or odd parity
– Set or clear the CTSE bit to enable or disable control from the remote receiver via
the CTS pin
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8. Execute an EI instruction to enable interrupts.
The UART is now configured for interrupt-driven data transmission. Because the UART
Transmit Data register is empty, an interrupt is generated immediately. When the UART
Transmit interrupt is detected, the associated interrupt service routine (ISR) performs the
following:
1. Write the UART Control 1 register to select the outgoing address bit:
– Set the MULTIPROCESSOR Bit Transmitter (MPBT) if sending an address byte,
clear it if sending a data byte.
2. Write the data byte to the UART Transmit Data register. The transmitter automatically
transfers the data to the Transmit Shift register and transmits the data.
3. Clear the UART Transmit interrupt bit in the applicable Interrupt Request register.
4. Execute the IRET instruction to return from the interrupt-service routine and wait for
the Transmit Data register to again become empty.
Receiving Data using the Polled Method
Follow these steps to configure the UART for polled data reception:
1. Write to the UART Baud Rate High and Low Byte registers to set the desired baud
rate.
2. Enable the UART pin functions by configuring the associated GPIO Port pins for
alternate function operation.
3. Write to the UART Control 1 register to enable Multiprocessor mode functions, if
desired.
4. Write to the UART Control 0 register to:
– Set the receive enable bit (REN) to enable the UART for data reception
– Enable parity, if desired and if multiprocessor mode is not enabled, and select
either even or odd parity
5. Check the RDA bit in the UART Status 0 register to determine if the Receive Data
register contains a valid data byte (indicated by a 1). If RDA is set to 1 to indicate
available data, continue to Step 6. If the Receive Data register is empty (indicated by a
0), continue to monitor the RDA bit awaiting reception of the valid data.
6. Read data from the UART Receive Data register. If operating in Multiprocessor (9-bit)
mode, further actions may be required depending on the Multiprocessor Mode bits
MPMD[1:0].
7. Return to Step 5 to receive additional data.
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Receiving Data using the Interrupt-Driven Method
The UART Receiver interrupt indicates the availability of new data (as well as error conditions). Follow these steps to configure the UART receiver for interrupt-driven operation:
1. Write to the UART Baud Rate High and Low Byte registers to set the desired baud
rate.
2. Enable the UART pin functions by configuring the associated GPIO Port pins for
alternate function operation.
3. Execute a DI instruction to disable interrupts.
4. Write to the Interrupt control registers to enable the UART Receiver interrupt and set
the desired priority.
5. Clear the UART Receiver interrupt in the applicable Interrupt Request register.
6. Write to the UART Control 1 Register to enable Multiprocessor (9-bit) mode
functions, if desired.
– Set the MULTIPROCESSOR Mode Select (MPEN) to Enable Multiprocessor
mode
– Set the MULTIPROCESSOR Mode Bits, MPMD[1:0], to select the desired
address matching scheme
– Configure the UART to interrupt on received data and errors or errors only
(interrupt on errors only is unlikely to be useful for Z8 Encore! devices without a
DMA block)
7. Write the device address to the Address Compare Register (automatic multiprocessor
modes only).
8. Write to the UART Control 0 register to:
– Set the receive enable bit (REN) to enable the UART for data reception
– Enable parity, if desired and if multiprocessor mode is not enabled, and select
either even or odd parity
9. Execute an EI instruction to enable interrupts.
The UART is now configured for interrupt-driven data reception. When the UART
Receiver interrupt is detected, the associated interrupt service routine (ISR) performs the
following:
1. Check the UART Status 0 register to determine the source of the interrupt - error,
break, or received data.
2. If the interrupt was caused by data available, read the data from the UART Receive
Data register. If operating in MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) mode, further actions may
be required depending on the MULTIPROCESSOR Mode bits MPMD[1:0].
3. Clear the UART Receiver interrupt in the applicable Interrupt Request register.
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4. Execute the IRET instruction to return from the interrupt-service routine and await
more data.
Clear To Send (CTS) Operation
The CTS pin, if enabled by the CTSE bit of the UART Control 0 register, performs flow
control on the outgoing transmit datastream. The Clear To Send (CTS) input pin is sampled one system clock before beginning any new character transmission. To delay transmission of the next data character, an external receiver must deassert CTS at least one
system clock cycle before a new data transmission begins. For multiple character transmissions, this would typically be done during Stop Bit transmission. If CTS deasserts in
the middle of a character transmission, the current character is sent completely.
MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) Mode
The UART has a MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) mode that uses an extra (9th) bit for selective communication when a number of processors share a common UART bus. In MULTIPROCESSOR mode (also referred to as 9-Bit mode), the multiprocessor bit (MP) is
transmitted immediately following the 8-bits of data and immediately preceding the Stop
bit(s) as illustrated in Figure 16. The character format is:
Stop Bit(s)
Data Field
Idle State
of Line
lsb
msb
1
Start
Bit0
Bit1
Bit2
Bit3
Bit4
Bit5
Bit6
Bit7
MP
0
1
2
Figure 16. UART Asynchronous MULTIPROCESSOR Mode Data Format
In MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) mode, the Parity bit location (9th bit) becomes the MULTIPROCESSOR control bit. The UART Control 1 and Status 1 registers provide MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) mode control and status information. If an automatic address
matching scheme is enabled, the UART Address Compare register holds the network
address of the device.
MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) Mode Receive Interrupts
When MULTIPROCESSOR mode is enabled, the UART only processes frames addressed
to it. The determination of whether a frame of data is addressed to the UART can be made
in hardware, software or some combination of the two, depending on the multiprocessor
configuration bits. In general, the address compare feature reduces the load on the CPU,
since it does not need to access the UART when it receives data directed to other devices
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on the multi-node network. The following three MULTIPROCESSOR modes are available in hardware:
•
•
•
Interrupt on all address bytes
Interrupt on matched address bytes and correctly framed data bytes
Interrupt only on correctly framed data bytes
These modes are selected with MPMD[1:0] in the UART Control 1 Register. For all
MULTIPROCESSOR modes, bit MPEN of the UART Control 1 Register must be set to 1.
The first scheme is enabled by writing 01b to MPMD[1:0]. In this mode, all incoming
address bytes cause an interrupt, while data bytes never cause an interrupt. The interrupt
service routine must manually check the address byte that caused triggered the interrupt. If
it matches the UART address, the software clears MPMD[0]. At this point, each new
incoming byte interrupts the CPU. The software is then responsible for determining the
end of the frame. It checks for end-of-frame by reading the MPRX bit of the UART Status
1 Register for each incoming byte. If MPRX=1, a new frame has begun. If the address of
this new frame is different from the UART’s address, then set MPMD[0] to 1 causing the
UART interrupts to go inactive until the next address byte. If the new frame’s address
matches the UART’s, the data in the new frame is processed as well.
The second scheme is enabled by setting MPMD[1:0] to 10b and writing the UART’s
address into the UART Address Compare Register. This mode introduces more hardware
control, interrupting only on frames that match the UART’s address. When an incoming
address byte does not match the UART’s address, it is ignored. All successive data bytes in
this frame are also ignored. When a matching address byte occurs, an interrupt is issued
and further interrupts now occur on each succesive data byte. The first data byte in the
frame contains the NEWFRM=1 in the UART Status 1 Register. When the next address byte
occurs, the hardware compares it to the UART’s address. If there is a match, the interrupts
continue sand the NEWFRM bit is set for the first byte of the new frame. If there is no
match, then the UART ignores all incoming bytes until the next address match.
The third scheme is enabled by setting MPMD[1:0] to 11b and by writing the UART’s
address into the UART Address Compare Register. This mode is identical to the second
scheme, except that there are no interrupts on address bytes. The first data byte of each
frame is still accompanied by a NEWFRM assertion.
External Driver Enable
The UART provides a Driver Enable (DE) signal for off-chip bus transceivers. This feature
reduces the software overhead associated with using a GPIO pin to control the transceiver
when communicating on a multi-transceiver bus, such as RS-485.
Driver Enable is an active High signal that envelopes the entire transmitted data frame
including parity and Stop bits as illustrated in Figure 17. The Driver Enable signal asserts
when a byte is written to the UART Transmit Data register. The Driver Enable signal
asserts at least one UART bit period and no greater than two UART bit periods before the
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Start bit is transmitted. This timing allows a setup time to enable the transceiver. The
Driver Enable signal deasserts one system clock period after the last Stop bit is transmitted. This one system clock delay allows both time for data to clear the transceiver before
disabling it, as well as the ability to determine if another character follows the current
character. In the event of back to back characters (new data must be written to the Transmit Data Register before the previous character is completely transmitted) the DE signal is
not deasserted between characters. The DEPOL bit in the UART Control Register 1 sets the
polarity of the Driver Enable signal.
1
DE
0
Stop Bit
Data Field
Idle State
of Line
lsb
msb
1
Start
Bit0
Bit1
Bit2
Bit3
Bit4
Bit5
Bit6
Bit7
Parity
0
1
Figure 17. UART Driver Enable Signal Timing (shown with 1 Stop Bit and Parity)
The Driver Enable to Start bit setup time is calculated as follows:
1
2
⎛ ------------------------------------⎞ ≤ DE to Start Bit Setup Time (s) ≤ ⎛ ------------------------------------⎞
⎝ Baud Rate (Hz)⎠
⎝ Baud Rate (Hz)⎠
UART Interrupts
The UART features separate interrupts for the transmitter and the receiver. In addition,
when the UART primary functionality is disabled, the Baud Rate Generator can also function as a basic timer with interrupt capability.
Transmitter Interrupts
The transmitter generates a single interrupt when the Transmit Data Register Empty bit
(TDRE) is set to 1. This indicates that the transmitter is ready to accept new data for transmission. The TDRE interrupt occurs after the Transmit shift register has shifted the first bit
of data out. At this point, the Transmit Data register may be written with the next character
to send. This provides 7 bit periods of latency to load the Transmit Data register before the
Transmit shift register completes shifting the current character. Writing to the UART
Transmit Data register clears the TDRE bit to 0.
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Receiver Interrupts
The receiver generates an interrupt when any of the following occurs:
•
A data byte has been received and is available in the UART Receive Data register.
This interrupt can be disabled independent of the other receiver interrupt sources. The
received data interrupt occurs once the receive character has been received and placed
in the Receive Data register. Software must respond to this received data available
condition before the next character is completely received to avoid an overrun error.
Note that in multiprocessor mode (MPEN = 1), the receive data interrupts are
dependent on the multiprocessor configuration and the most recent address byte.
•
•
•
A break is received
An overrun is detected
A data framing error is detected
UART Overrun Errors
When an overrun error condition occurs the UART prevents overwriting of the valid data
currently in the Receive Data register. The Break Detect and Overrun status bits are not
displayed until after the valid data has been read.
After the valid data has been read, the UART Status 0 register is updated to indicate the
overrun condition (and Break Detect, if applicable). The RDA bit is set to 1 to indicate that
the Receive Data register contains a data byte. However, because the overrun error
occurred, this byte may not contain valid data and should be ignored. The BRKD bit indicates if the overrun was caused by a break condition on the line. After reading the status
byte indicating an overrun error, the Receive Data register must be read again to clear the
error bits is the UART Status 0 register. Updates to the Receive Data register occur only
when the next data word is received.
UART Data and Error Handling Procedure
Figure 18 illustrates the recommended procedure for use in UART receiver interrupt service routines.
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Receiver
Ready
Receiver
Interrupt
Read Status
No
Errors?
Yes
Read Data which
clears RDA bit and
resets error bits
Read Data
Discard Data
Figure 18. UART Receiver Interrupt Service Routine Flow
Baud Rate Generator Interrupts
If the Baud Rate Generator (BRG) interrupt enable is set, the UART Receiver interrupt
asserts when the UART Baud Rate Generator reloads. This action allows the Baud Rate
Generator to function as an additional counter if the UART functionality is not employed.
UART Baud Rate Generator
The UART Baud Rate Generator creates a lower frequency baud rate clock for data transmission. The input to the Baud Rate Generator is the system clock. The UART Baud Rate
High and Low Byte registers combine to create a 16-bit baud rate divisor value
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(BRG[15:0]) that sets the data transmission rate (baud rate) of the UART. The UART data
rate is calculated using the following equation:
System Clock Frequency (Hz)
UART Data Rate (bits/s) = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16 × UART Baud Rate Divisor Value
When the UART is disabled, the Baud Rate Generator can function as a basic 16-bit timer
with interrupt on time-out. To configure the Baud Rate Generator as a timer with interrupt
on time-out, complete the following procedure:
1. Disable the UART by clearing the REN and TEN bits in the UART Control 0 register
to 0.
2. Load the desired 16-bit count value into the UART Baud Rate High and Low Byte
registers.
3. Enable the Baud Rate Generator timer function and associated interrupt by setting the
BRGCTL bit in the UART Control 1 register to 1.
When configured as a general purpose timer, the interrupt interval is calculated using the
following equation:
Interrupt Interval (s) = System Clock Period (s) ×BRG[15:0] ]
UART Control Register Definitions
The UART control registers support the UART and the associated Infrared Encoder/
Decoders. For more information on the infrared operation, refer to the Infrared Encoder/
Decoder chapter on page 120.
UART Transmit Data Register
Data bytes written to the UART Transmit Data register (Table 51) are shifted out on the
TXDx pin. The Write-only UART Transmit Data register shares a Register File address
with the Read-only UART Receive Data register.
Table 51. UART Transmit Data Register (UxTXD)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
TXD
RESET
X
R/W
W
ADDR
F40H and F48H
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TXD—Transmit Data
UART transmitter data byte to be shifted out through the TXDx pin.
UART Receive Data Register
Data bytes received through the RXDx pin are stored in the UART Receive Data register
(Table 52). The Read-only UART Receive Data register shares a Register File address
with the Write-only UART Transmit Data register.
Table 52. UART Receive Data Register (UxRXD)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
RXD
RESET
X
R/W
R
ADDR
F40H and F48H
2
1
0
RXD—Receive Data
UART receiver data byte from the RXDx pin
UART Status 0 Register
The UART Status 0 and Status 1 registers (Table 53 and 54) identify the current UART
operating configuration and status.
Table 53. UART Status 0 Register (UxSTAT0)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
RDA
PE
OE
FE
BRKD
TDRE
TXE
CTS
1
X
0
RESET
R/W
R
ADDR
F41H and F49H
RDA—Receive Data Available
This bit indicates that the UART Receive Data register has received data. Reading the
UART Receive Data register clears this bit.
0 = The UART Receive Data register is empty.
1 = There is a byte in the UART Receive Data register.
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PE—Parity Error
This bit indicates that a parity error has occurred. Reading the UART Receive Data register clears this bit.
0 = No parity error occurred.
1 = A parity error occurred.
OE—Overrun Error
This bit indicates that an overrun error has occurred. An overrun occurs when new data is
received and the UART Receive Data register has not been read. If the RDA bit is reset to
0, then reading the UART Receive Data register clears this bit.
0 = No overrun error occurred.
1 = An overrun error occurred.
FE—Framing Error
This bit indicates that a framing error (no Stop bit following data reception) was detected.
Reading the UART Receive Data register clears this bit.
0 = No framing error occurred.
1 = A framing error occurred.
BRKD—Break Detect
This bit indicates that a break occurred. If the data bits, parity/multiprocessor bit, and Stop
bit(s) are all zeros then this bit is set to 1. Reading the UART Receive Data register clears
this bit.
0 = No break occurred.
1 = A break occurred.
TDRE—Transmitter Data Register Empty
This bit indicates that the UART Transmit Data register is empty and ready for additional
data. Writing to the UART Transmit Data register resets this bit.
0 = Do not write to the UART Transmit Data register.
1 = The UART Transmit Data register is ready to receive an additional byte to be transmitted.
TXE—Transmitter Empty
This bit indicates that the transmit shift register is empty and character transmission is finished.
0 = Data is currently transmitting.
1 = Transmission is complete.
CTS—CTS signal
When this bit is read it returns the level of the CTS signal.
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UART Status 1 Register
This register contains multiprocessor control and status bits.
Table 54. UART Status 1 Register (UxSTAT1)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
Reserved
FIELD
1
0
NEWFRM
MPRX
0
RESET
R
R/W
R/W
R
F44H and F4CH
ADDR
Reserved—Must be 0.
NEWFRM—Status bit denoting the start of a new frame. Reading the UART Receive
Data register resets this bit to 0.
0 = The current byte is not the first data byte of a new frame.
1 = The current byte is the first data byte of a new frame.
MPRX—Multiprocessor Receive
Returns the value of the last multiprocessor bit received. Reading from the UART Receive
Data register resets this bit to 0.
UART Control 0 and Control 1 Registers
The UART Control 0 and Control 1 registers (Tables 55 and 56) configure the properties
of the UART’s transmit and receive operations. The UART Control registers must not
been written while the UART is enabled.
Table 55. UART Control 0 Register (UxCTL0)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
TEN
REN
CTSE
PEN
PSEL
SBRK
STOP
LBEN
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F42H and F4AH
TEN—Transmit Enable
This bit enables or disables the transmitter. The enable is also controlled by the CTS signal
and the CTSE bit. If the CTS signal is low and the CTSE bit is 1, the transmitter is
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enabled.
0 = Transmitter disabled.
1 = Transmitter enabled.
REN—Receive Enable
This bit enables or disables the receiver.
0 = Receiver disabled.
1 = Receiver enabled.
CTSE—CTS Enable
0 = The CTS signal has no effect on the transmitter.
1 = The UART recognizes the CTS signal as an enable control from the transmitter.
PEN—Parity Enable
This bit enables or disables parity. Even or odd is determined by the PSEL bit. It is overridden by the MPEN bit.
0 = Parity is disabled.
1 = The transmitter sends data with an additional parity bit and the receiver receives an
additional parity bit.
PSEL—Parity Select
0 = Even parity is transmitted and expected on all received data.
1 = Odd parity is transmitted and expected on all received data.
SBRK—Send Break
This bit pauses or breaks data transmission. Sending a break interrupts any transmission in
progress, so ensure that the transmitter has finished sending data before setting this bit.
0 = No break is sent.
1 = The output of the transmitter is zero.
STOP—Stop Bit Select
0 = The transmitter sends one stop bit.
1 = The transmitter sends two stop bits.
LBEN—Loop Back Enable
0 = Normal operation.
1 = All transmitted data is looped back to the receiver.
Table 56. UART Control 1 Register (UxCTL1)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
MPMD[1]
MPEN
MPMD[0]
MPBT
DEPOL
BRGCTL
RDAIRQ
IREN
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F43H and F4BH
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MPMD[1:0]—MULTIPROCESSOR Mode
If MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) mode is enabled,
00 = The UART generates an interrupt request on all received bytes (data and address).
01 = The UART generates an interrupt request only on received address bytes.
10 = The UART generates an interrupt request when a received address byte matches the
value stored in the Address Compare Register and on all successive data bytes until an
address mismatch occurs.
11 = The UART generates an interrupt request on all received data bytes for which the
most recent address byte matched the value in the Address Compare Register.
MPEN—MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) Enable
This bit is used to enable MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) mode.
0 = Disable MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) mode.
1 = Enable MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) mode.
MPBT—MULTIPROCESSOR Bit Transmit
This bit is applicable only when MULTIPROCESSOR (9-bit) mode is enabled.
0 = Send a 0 in the multiprocessor bit location of the data stream (9th bit).
1 = Send a 1 in the multiprocessor bit location of the data stream (9th bit).
DEPOL—Driver Enable Polarity
0 = DE signal is Active High.
1 = DE signal is Active Low.
BRGCTL—Baud Rate Control
This bit causes different UART behavior depending on whether the UART receiver is
enabled (REN = 1 in the UART Control 0 Register).
When the UART receiver is not enabled, this bit determines whether the Baud Rate Generator issues interrupts.
0 = Reads from the Baud Rate High and Low Byte registers return the BRG Reload Value
1 = The Baud Rate Generator generates a receive interrupt when it counts down to 0.
Reads from the Baud Rate High and Low Byte registers return the current BRG count
value.
When the UART receiver is enabled, this bit allows reads from the Baud Rate Registers to
return the BRG count value instead of the Reload Value.
0 = Reads from the Baud Rate High and Low Byte registers return the BRG Reload Value.
1 = Reads from the Baud Rate High and Low Byte registers return the current BRG count
value. Unlike the Timers, there is no mechanism to latch the High Byte when the Low
Byte is read.
RDAIRQ—Receive Data Interrupt Enable
0 = Received data and receiver errors generates an interrupt request to the Interrupt Controller.
1 = Received data does not generate an interrupt request to the Interrupt Controller. Only
receiver errors generate an interrupt request.
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IREN—Infrared Encoder/Decoder Enable
0 = Infrared Encoder/Decoder is disabled. UART operates normally operation.
1 = Infrared Encoder/Decoder is enabled. The UART transmits and receives data through
the Infrared Encoder/Decoder.
UART Address Compare Register
The UART Address Compare register (Table 57) stores the multi-node network address of
the UART. When the MPMD[1] bit of UART Control Register 0 is set, all incoming
address bytes are compared to the value stored in the Address Compare register. Receive
interrupts and RDA assertions only occur in the event of a match.
Table 57. UART Address Compare Register (UxADDR)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
COMP_ADDR
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F45H and F4DH
2
1
0
COMP_ADDR—Compare Address
This 8-bit value is compared to the incoming address bytes.
UART Baud Rate High and Low Byte Registers
The UART Baud Rate High and Low Byte registers (Tables 58 and 59) combine to create
a 16-bit baud rate divisor value (BRG[15:0]) that sets the data transmission rate (baud
rate) of the UART. To configure the Baud Rate Generator as a timer with interrupt on
time-out, complete the following procedure:
1. Disable the UART by clearing the REN and TEN bits in the UART Control 0 register
to 0.
2. Load the desired 16-bit count value into the UART Baud Rate High and Low Byte
registers.
3. Enable the Baud Rate Generator timer function and associated interrupt by setting the
BRGCTL bit in the UART Control 1 register to 1.
When congured as a general purpose timer, the UART BRG interrupt interval is calculated
using the following equation:
UART BRG Interrupt Interval (s) = System Clock Period (s) ×BRG[15:0] ]
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Table 58. UART Baud Rate High Byte Register (UxBRH)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
BRH
RESET
1
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F46H and F4EH
2
1
0
2
1
0
Table 59. UART Baud Rate Low Byte Register (UxBRL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
BRL
RESET
1
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F47H and F4FH
For a given UART data rate, the integer baud rate divisor value is calculated using the following equation:
System Clock Frequency (Hz)
UART Baud Rate Divisor Value (BRG) = Round ⎛⎝ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------⎞⎠
16 × UART Data Rate (bits/s)
The baud rate error relative to the desired baud rate is calculated using the following equation:
Actual Data Rate ∠ Desired Data Rate
UART Baud Rate Error (%) = 100 × ⎛⎝ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------⎞⎠
Desired Data Rate
For reliable communication, the UART baud rate error must never exceed 5 percent.
Table 60 provides information on data rate errors for popular baud rates and commonly
used crystal oscillator frequencies.
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Table 60. UART Baud Rates
20.0 MHz System Clock
18.432 MHz System Clock
Desired Rate
BRG Divisor
Actual Rate
Error
Desired Rate
BRG Divisor
Actual Rate
Error
(kHz)
(Decimal)
(kHz)
(%)
(kHz)
(Decimal)
(kHz)
(%)
1250.0
1
1250.0
0.00
1250.0
1
1152.0
-7.84%
625.0
2
625.0
0.00
625.0
2
576.0
-7.84%
250.0
5
250.0
0.00
250.0
5
230.4
-7.84%
115.2
11
113.6
-1.36
115.2
10
115.2
0.00
57.6
22
56.8
-1.36
57.6
20
57.6
0.00
38.4
33
37.9
-1.36
38.4
30
38.4
0.00
19.2
65
19.2
0.16
19.2
60
19.2
0.00
9.60
130
9.62
0.16
9.60
120
9.60
0.00
4.80
260
4.81
0.16
4.80
240
4.80
0.00
2.40
521
2.40
-0.03
2.40
480
2.40
0.00
1.20
1042
1.20
-0.03
1.20
960
1.20
0.00
0.60
2083
0.60
0.02
0.60
1920
0.60
0.00
0.30
4167
0.30
-0.01
0.30
3840
0.30
0.00
16.667 MHz System Clock
11.0592 MHz System Clock
Desired Rate
BRG Divisor
Actual Rate
Error
Desired Rate
BRG Divisor
Actual Rate
Error
(kHz)
(Decimal)
(kHz)
(%)
(kHz)
(Decimal)
(kHz)
(%)
1250.0
1
1041.69
-16.67
1250.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
625.0
2
520.8
-16.67
625.0
1
691.2
10.59
250.0
4
260.4
4.17
250.0
3
230.4
-7.84
115.2
9
115.7
0.47
115.2
6
115.2
0.00
57.6
18
57.87
0.47
57.6
12
57.6
0.00
38.4
27
38.6
0.47
38.4
18
38.4
0.00
19.2
54
19.3
0.47
19.2
36
19.2
0.00
9.60
109
9.56
-0.45
9.60
72
9.60
0.00
4.80
217
4.80
-0.83
4.80
144
4.80
0.00
2.40
434
2.40
0.01
2.40
288
2.40
0.00
1.20
868
1.20
0.01
1.20
576
1.20
0.00
0.60
1736
0.60
0.01
0.60
1152
0.60
0.00
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Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
118
Table 60. UART Baud Rates (Continued)
0.30
3472
0.30
0.01
10.0 MHz System Clock
0.30
2304
0.30
0.00
5.5296 MHz System Clock
Desired Rate
BRG Divisor
Actual Rate
Error
Desired Rate
BRG Divisor
Actual Rate
Error
(kHz)
(Decimal)
(kHz)
(%)
(kHz)
(Decimal)
(kHz)
(%)
1250.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
1250.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
625.0
1
625.0
0.00
625.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
250.0
3
208.33
-16.67
250.0
1
345.6
38.24
115.2
5
125.0
8.51
115.2
3
115.2
0.00
57.6
11
56.8
-1.36
57.6
6
57.6
0.00
38.4
16
39.1
1.73
38.4
9
38.4
0.00
19.2
33
18.9
0.16
19.2
18
19.2
0.00
9.60
65
9.62
0.16
9.60
36
9.60
0.00
4.80
130
4.81
0.16
4.80
72
4.80
0.00
2.40
260
2.40
-0.03
2.40
144
2.40
0.00
1.20
521
1.20
-0.03
1.20
288
1.20
0.00
0.60
1042
0.60
-0.03
0.60
576
0.60
0.00
0.30
2083
0.30
0.2
0.30
1152
0.30
0.00
3.579545 MHz System Clock
1.8432 MHz System Clock
Desired Rate
BRG Divisor
Actual Rate
Error
Desired Rate
BRG Divisor
Actual Rate
Error
(kHz)
(Decimal)
(kHz)
(%)
(kHz)
(Decimal)
(kHz)
(%)
1250.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
1250.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
625.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
625.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
250.0
1
223.72
-10.51
250.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
115.2
2
111.9
-2.90
115.2
1
115.2
0.00
57.6
4
55.9
-2.90
57.6
2
57.6
0.00
38.4
6
37.3
-2.90
38.4
3
38.4
0.00
19.2
12
18.6
-2.90
19.2
6
19.2
0.00
9.60
23
9.73
1.32
9.60
12
9.60
0.00
4.80
47
4.76
-0.83
4.80
24
4.80
0.00
2.40
93
2.41
0.23
2.40
48
2.40
0.00
1.20
186
1.20
0.23
1.20
96
1.20
0.00
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UART
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
119
Table 60. UART Baud Rates (Continued)
0.60
373
0.60
-0.04
0.60
192
0.60
0.00
0.30
746
0.30
-0.04
0.30
384
0.30
0.00
PS019915-1005
UART
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
120
Infrared Encoder/Decoder
Overview
The 64K Series products contain two fully-functional, high-performance UART to Infrared Encoder/Decoders (Endecs). Each Infrared Endec is integrated with an on-chip UART
to allow easy communication between the 64K Series and IrDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 1.3-compliant infrared transceivers. Infrared communication provides
secure, reliable, low-cost, point-to-point communication between PCs, PDAs, cell phones,
printers and other infrared enabled devices.
Architecture
Figure 19 illustrates the architecture of the Infrared Endec.
System
Clock
ZiLOG
ZHX1810
RxD
RXD
RXD
TxD
UART
Baud Rate
Clock
Interrupt
I/O
Signal Address
Infrared
Encoder/Decoder
(Endec)
TXD
TXD
Infrared
Transceiver
Data
Figure 19. Infrared Data Communication System Block Diagram
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Infrared Encoder/Decoder
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Product Specification
121
Operation
When the Infrared Endec is enabled, the transmit data from the associated on-chip UART
is encoded as digital signals in accordance with the IrDA standard and output to the infrared transceiver via the TXD pin. Likewise, data received from the infrared transceiver is
passed to the Infrared Endec via the RXD pin, decoded by the Infrared Endec, and then
passed to the UART. Communication is half-duplex, which means simultaneous data
transmission and reception is not allowed.
The baud rate is set by the UART’s Baud Rate Generator and supports IrDA standard baud
rates from 9600 baud to 115.2 Kbaud. Higher baud rates are possible, but do not meet
IrDA specifications. The UART must be enabled to use the Infrared Endec. The Infrared
Endec data rate is calculated using the following equation:
System Clock Frequency (Hz)
Infrared Data Rate (bits/s) = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16 × UART Baud Rate Divisor Value
Transmitting IrDA Data
The data to be transmitted using the infrared transceiver is first sent to the UART. The
UART’s transmit signal (TXD) and baud rate clock are used by the IrDA to generate the
modulation signal (IR_TXD) that drives the infrared transceiver. Each UART/Infrared
data bit is 16-clocks wide. If the data to be transmitted is 1, the IR_TXD signal remains
low for the full 16-clock period. If the data to be transmitted is 0, a 3-clock high pulse is
output following a 7-clock low period. After the 3-clock high pulse, a 6-clock low pulse is
output to complete the full 16-clock data period. Figure 20 illustrates IrDA data transmission. When the Infrared Endec is enabled, the UART’s TXD signal is internal to the 64K
Series products while the IR_TXD signal is output through the TXD pin.
PS019915-1005
Infrared Encoder/Decoder
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
122
16-clock
period
Baud Rate
Clock
UART’s
TXD
Start Bit = 0
Data Bit 0 = 1
Data Bit 1 = 0
Data Bit 2 = 1
Data Bit 3 = 1
3-clock
pulse
IR_TXD
7-clock
delay
Figure 20. Infrared Data Transmission
Receiving IrDA Data
Data received from the infrared transceiver via the IR_RXD signal through the RXD pin is
decoded by the Infrared Endec and passed to the UART. The UART’s baud rate clock is
used by the Infrared Endec to generate the demodulated signal (RXD) that drives the
UART. Each UART/Infrared data bit is 16-clocks wide. Figure 21 illustrates data reception. When the Infrared Endec is enabled, the UART’s RXD signal is internal to the 64K
Series products while the IR_RXD signal is received through the RXD pin.
PS019915-1005
Infrared Encoder/Decoder
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
123
16-clock
period
Baud Rate
Clock
Start Bit = 0
Data Bit 0 = 1
Data Bit 1 = 0
Data Bit 2 = 1
Data Bit 3 = 1
IR_RXD
min. 1.6μs
pulse
UART’s
RXD
Start Bit = 0
8-clock
delay
16-clock
period
Data Bit 0 = 1
16-clock
period
Data Bit 1 = 0
16-clock
period
Data Bit 2 = 1
Data Bit 3 = 1
16-clock
period
Figure 21. Infrared Data Reception
Caution:
The system clock frequency must be at least 1.0MHz to ensure proper reception of the 1.6μs minimum width pulses allowed by the IrDA standard.
Endec Receiver Synchronization
The IrDA receiver uses a local baud rate clock counter (0 to 15 clock periods) to generate
an input stream for the UART and to create a sampling window for detection of incoming
pulses. The generated UART input (UART RXD) is delayed by 8 baud rate clock periods
with respect to the incoming IrDA data stream. When a falling edge in the input data
stream is detected, the Endec counter is reset. When the count reaches a value of 8, the
UART RXD value is updated to reflect the value of the decoded data. When the count
reaches 12 baud clock periods, the sampling window for the next incoming pulse opens.
The window remains open until the count again reaches 8 (or in other words 24 baud clock
periods since the previous pulse was detected). This gives the Endec a sampling window
of minus four baudrate clocks to plus eight baudrate clocks around the expected time of an
incoming pulse. If an incoming pulse is detected inside this window this process is
repeated. If the incoming data is a logical 1 (no pulse), the Endec returns to the initial state
and waits for the next falling edge. As each falling edge is detected, the Endec clock
counter is reset, resynchronizing the Endec to the incoming signal. This action allows the
Endec to tolerate jitter and baud rate errors in the incoming data stream. Resynchronizing
the Endec does not alter the operation of the UART, which ultimately receives the data.
The UART is only synchronized to the incoming data stream when a Start bit is received.
PS019915-1005
Infrared Encoder/Decoder
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Product Specification
124
Infrared Encoder/Decoder Control Register Definitions
All Infrared Endec configuration and status information is set by the UART control registers as defined beginning on page 109.
Caution:
PS019915-1005
To prevent spurious signals during IrDA data transmission, set the IREN
bit in the UARTx Control 1 register to 1 to enable the Infrared Encoder/
Decoder before enabling the GPIO Port alternate function for the corresponding pin.
Infrared Encoder/Decoder
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
125
Serial Peripheral Interface
Overview
The Serial Peripheral InterfaceTM (SPI) is a synchronous interface allowing several SPItype devices to be interconnected. SPI-compatible devices include EEPROMs, Analog-toDigital Converters, and ISDN devices. Features of the SPI include:
•
•
•
•
•
Full-duplex, synchronous, character-oriented communication
Four-wire interface
Data transfers rates up to a maximum of one-half the system clock frequency
Error detection
Dedicated Baud Rate Generator
Architecture
The SPI may be configured as either a Master (in single or multi-master systems) or a
Slave as illustrated in Figures 22 through 24.
SPI Master
To Slave’s SS Pin
From Slave
To Slave
To Slave
SS
MISO
8-bit Shift Register
Bit 0
Bit 7
MOSI
SCK
Baud Rate
Generator
Figure 22. SPI Configured as a Master in a Single Master, Single Slave System
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Serial Peripheral Interface
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
126
VCC
SPI Master
SS
To Slave #2’s SS Pin
GPIO
To Slave #1’s SS Pin
GPIO
8-bit Shift Register
From Slave
Bit 0
MISO
Bit 7
MOSI
To Slave
Baud Rate
Generator
SCK
To Slave
Figure 23. SPI Configured as a Master in a Single Master, Multiple Slave System
SPI Slave
From Master
To Master
From Master
From Master
SS
MISO
8-bit Shift Register
Bit 7
Bit 0
MOSI
SCK
Figure 24. SPI Configured as a Slave
Operation
The SPI is a full-duplex, synchronous, character-oriented channel that supports a four-wire
interface (serial clock, transmit, receive and Slave select). The SPI block consists of a
transmit/receive shift register, a Baud Rate (clock) Generator and a control unit.
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Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
127
During an SPI transfer, data is sent and received simultaneously by both the Master and
the Slave SPI devices. Separate signals are required for data and the serial clock. When an
SPI transfer occurs, a multi-bit (typically 8-bit) character is shifted out one data pin and an
multi-bit character is simultaneously shifted in on a second data pin. An 8-bit shift register
in the Master and another 8-bit shift register in the Slave are connected as a circular buffer.
The SPI shift register is single-buffered in the transmit and receive directions. New data to
be transmitted cannot be written into the shift register until the previous transmission is
complete and receive data (if valid) has been read.
SPI Signals
The four basic SPI signals are:
•
•
•
•
MISO (Master-In, Slave-Out)
MOSI (Master-Out, Slave-In)
SCK (SPI Serial Clock)
SS (Slave Select)
The following paragraphs discuss these SPI signals. Each signal is described in both Master and Slave modes.
Master-In, Slave-Out
The Master-In, Slave-Out (MISO) pin is configured as an input in a Master device and as
an output in a Slave device. It is one of the two lines that transfer serial data, with the most
significant bit sent first. The MISO pin of a Slave device is placed in a high-impedance
state if the Slave is not selected. When the SPI is not enabled, this signal is in a highimpedance state.
Master-Out, Slave-In
The Master-Out, Slave-In (MOSI) pin is configured as an output in a Master device and as
an input in a Slave device. It is one of the two lines that transfer serial data, with the most
significant bit sent first. When the SPI is not enabled, this signal is in a high-impedance
state.
Serial Clock
The Serial Clock (SCK) synchronizes data movement both in and out of the device
through its MOSI and MISO pins. In MASTER mode, the SPI’s Baud Rate Generator creates the serial clock. The Master drives the serial clock out its own SCK pin to the Slave’s
SCK pin. When the SPI is configured as a Slave, the SCK pin is an input and the clock signal from the Master synchronizes the data transfer between the Master and Slave devices.
Slave devices ignore the SCK signal, unless the SS pin is asserted. When configured as a
slave, the SPI block requires a minimum SCK period of greater than or equal to 8 times
the system (XIN) clock period.
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Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
128
The Master and Slave are each capable of exchanging a character of data during a
sequence of NUMBITS clock cycles (refer to NUMBITS field in the SPIMODE register).
In both Master and Slave SPI devices, data is shifted on one edge of the SCK and is sampled on the opposite edge where data is stable. Edge polarity is determined by the SPI
phase and polarity control.
Slave Select
The active Low Slave Select (SS) input signal selects a Slave SPI device. SS must be Low
prior to all data communication to and from the Slave device. SS must stay Low for the
full duration of each character transferred. The SS signal may stay Low during the transfer
of multiple characters or may deassert between each character.
When the SPI is configured as the only Master in an SPI system, the SS pin can be set as
either an input or an output. For communication between the Z8F642x familyZ8R642x
family device’s SPI Master and external Slave devices, the SS signal, as an output, can
assert the SS input pin on one of the Slave devices. Other GPIO output pins can also be
employed to select external SPI Slave devices.
When the SPI is configured as one Master in a multi-master SPI system, the SS pin must
be set as an input. The SS input signal on the Master must be High. If the SS signal goes
Low (indicating another Master is driving the SPI bus), a Collision error flag is set in the
SPI Status register.
SPI Clock Phase and Polarity Control
The SPI supports four combinations of serial clock phase and polarity using two bits in the
SPI Control register. The clock polarity bit, CLKPOL, selects an active high or active low
clock and has no effect on the transfer format. Table 61 lists the SPI Clock Phase and
Polarity Operation parameters. The clock phase bit, PHASE, selects one of two fundamentally different transfer formats. For proper data transmission, the clock phase and polarity
must be identical for the SPI Master and the SPI Slave. The Master always places data on
the MOSI line a half-cycle before the receive clock edge (SCK signal), in order for the
Slave to latch the data.
Table 61. SPI Clock Phase (PHASE) and Clock Polarity (CLKPOL) Operation
PS019915-1005
PHASE
CLKPOL
SCK Transmit
Edge
SCK Receive
Edge
SCK Idle
State
0
0
Falling
Rising
Low
0
1
Rising
Falling
High
1
0
Rising
Falling
Low
1
1
Falling
Rising
High
Serial Peripheral Interface
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
129
Transfer Format PHASE Equals Zero
Figure 25 illustrates the timing diagram for an SPI transfer in which PHASE is cleared to
0. The two SCK waveforms show polarity with CLKPOL reset to 0 and with CLKPOL set
to one. The diagram may be interpreted as either a Master or Slave timing diagram
because the SCK Master-In/Slave-Out (MISO) and Master-Out/Slave-In (MOSI) pins are
directly connected between the Master and the Slave.
SCK
(CLKPOL = 0)
SCK
(CLKPOL = 1)
MOSI
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
MISO
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
Input Sample Time
SS
Figure 25. SPI Timing When PHASE is 0
Transfer Format PHASE Equals One
Figure 26 illustrates the timing diagram for an SPI transfer in which PHASE is one. Two
waveforms are depicted for SCK, one for CLKPOL reset to 0 and another for CLKPOL set
to 1.
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Serial Peripheral Interface
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
130
SCK
(CLKPOL = 0)
SCK
(CLKPOL = 1)
MOSI
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
MISO
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
Input Sample Time
SS
Figure 26. SPI Timing When PHASE is 1
Multi-Master Operation
In a multi-master SPI system, all SCK pins are tied together, all MOSI pins are tied
together and all MISO pins are tied together. All SPI pins must then be configured in
open-drain mode to prevent bus contention. At any one time, only one SPI device is configured as the Master and all other SPI devices on the bus are configured as Slaves. The
Master enables a single Slave by asserting the SS pin on that Slave only. Then, the single
Master drives data out its SCK and MOSI pins to the SCK and MOSI pins on the Slaves
(including those which are not enabled). The enabled Slave drives data out its MISO pin to
the MISO Master pin.
For a Master device operating in a multi-master system, if the SS pin is configured as an
input and is driven Low by another Master, the COL bit is set to 1 in the SPI Status Register. The COL bit indicates the occurrence of a multi-master collision (mode fault error condition).
Slave Operation
The SPI block is configured for slave mode operation by setting the SPIEN bit to 1 and the
MMEN bit to 0 in the SPICTL register and setting the SSIO bit to 0 in the SPIMODE reg-
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Product Specification
131
ister. The IRQE, PHASE, CLKPOL, WOR bits in the SPICTL register and the NUMBITS
field in the SPIMODE register must be set to be consistent with the other SPI devices. The
STR bit in the SPICTL register may be used if desired to force a “startup” interrupt. The
BIRQ bit in the SPICTL register and the SSV bit in the SPIMODE register are not used in
slave mode. The SPI baud rate generator is not used in slave mode so the SPIBRH and
SPIBRL registers need not be initialized.
If the slave has data to send to the master, the data must be written to the SPIDAT register
before the transaction starts (first edge of SCK when SS is asserted). If the SPIDAT register is not written prior to the slave transaction, the MISO pin outputs whatever value is
currently in the SPIDAT register.
Due to the delay resulting from synchronization of the SPI input signals to the internal system clock, the maximum SPICLK baud rate that can be supported in slave mode is the system clock frequency (XIN) divided by 8. This rate is controlled by the SPI master.
Error Detection
The SPI contains error detection logic to support SPI communication protocols and recognize when communication errors have occurred. The SPI Status register indicates when a
data transmission error has been detected.
Overrun (Write Collision)
An overrun error (write collision) indicates a write to the SPI Data register was attempted
while a data transfer is in progress (in either master or slave modes). An overrun sets the
OVR bit in the SPI Status register to 1. Writing a 1 to OVR clears this error flag. The data
register is not altered when a write occurs while data transfer is in progress.
Mode Fault (Multi-Master Collision)
A mode fault indicates when more than one Master is trying to communicate at the same
time (a multi-master collision). The mode fault is detected when the enabled Master’s SS
pin is asserted. A mode fault sets the COL bit in the SPI Status register to 1. Writing a 1 to
COL clears this error flag.
Slave Mode Abort
In slave mode of operation if the SS pin deasserts before all bits in a character have been
transferred, the transaction is aborted. When this condition occurs the ABT bit is set in the
SPISTAT register as well as the IRQ bit (indicating the transaction is complete). The next
time SS asserts, the MISO pin outputs SPIDAT[7], regardless of where the previous transaction left off. Writing a 1 to ABT clears this error flag.
SPI Interrupts
When SPI interrupts are enabled, the SPI generates an interrupt after character transmission/reception completes in both master and slave modes. A character can be defined to be
PS019915-1005
Serial Peripheral Interface
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
132
1 through 8 bits by the NUMBITS field in the SPI Mode register. In slave mode it is not
necessary for SS to deassert between characters to generate the interrupt. The SPI in Slave
mode can also generate an interrupt if the SS signal deasserts prior to transfer of all the bits
in a character (see description of slave abort error above). Writing a 1 to the IRQ bit in the
SPI Status Register clears the pending SPI interrupt request. The IRQ bit must be cleared
to 0 by the Interrupt Service Routine to generate future interrupts. To start the transfer process, an SPI interrupt may be forced by software writing a 1 to the STR bit in the SPICTL
register.
If the SPI is disabled, an SPI interrupt can be generated by a Baud Rate Generator timeout. This timer function must be enabled by setting the BIRQ bit in the SPICTL register.
This Baud Rate Generator time-out does not set the IRQ bit in the SPISTAT register, just
the SPI interrupt bit in the interrupt controller.
SPI Baud Rate Generator
In SPI Master mode, the Baud Rate Generator creates a lower frequency serial clock
(SCK) for data transmission synchronization between the Master and the external Slave.
The input to the Baud Rate Generator is the system clock. The SPI Baud Rate High and
Low Byte registers combine to form a 16-bit reload value, BRG[15:0], for the SPI Baud
Rate Generator. The SPI baud rate is calculated using the following equation:
System Clock Frequency (Hz)
SPI Baud Rate (bits/s) = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------2 × BRG[15:0]
Minimum baud rate is obtained by setting BRG[15:0] to 0000H for a clock divisor value
of (2 X 65536 = 131072).
When the SPI is disabled, the Baud Rate Generator can function as a basic 16-bit timer
with interrupt on time-out. To configure the Baud Rate Generator as a timer with interrupt
on time-out, complete the following procedure:
1. Disable the SPI by clearing the SPIEN bit in the SPI Control register to 0.
2. Load the desired 16-bit count value into the SPI Baud Rate High and Low Byte
registers.
3. Enable the Baud Rate Generator timer function and associated interrupt by setting the
BIRQ bit in the SPI Control register to 1.
When configured as a general purpose timer, the interrupt interval is calculated using the
following equation:
Interrupt Interval (s) = System Clock Period (s) ×BRG[15:0] ]
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Product Specification
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SPI Control Register Definitions
SPI Data Register
The SPI Data register (Table 62) stores both the outgoing (transmit) data and the incoming
(receive) data. Reads from the SPI Data register always return the current contents of the
8-bit shift register. Data is shifted out starting with bit 7. The last bit received resides in bit
position 0.
With the SPI configured as a Master, writing a data byte to this register initiates the data
transmission. With the SPI configured as a Slave, writing a data byte to this register loads
the shift register in preparation for the next data transfer with the external Master. In either
the Master or Slave modes, if a transmission is already in progress, writes to this register
are ignored and the Overrun error flag, OVR, is set in the SPI Status register.
When the character length is less than 8 bits (as set by the NUMBITS field in the SPI Mode
register), the transmit character must be left justified in the SPI Data register. A received
character of less than 8 bits is right justified (last bit received is in bit position 0). For
example, if the SPI is configured for 4-bit characters, the transmit characters must be written to SPIDATA[7:4] and the received characters are read from SPIDATA[3:0].
Table 62. SPI Data Register (SPIDATA)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
DATA
RESET
X
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F60H
2
1
0
DATA—Data
Transmit and/or receive data.
SPI Control Register
The SPI Control register (Table 63) configures the SPI for transmit and receive operations.
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Serial Peripheral Interface
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
134
Table 63. SPI Control Register (SPICTL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
IRQE
STR
BIRQ
PHASE
CLKPOL
WOR
MMEN
SPIEN
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F61H
IRQE—Interrupt Request Enable
0 = SPI interrupts are disabled. No interrupt requests are sent to the Interrupt Controller.
1 = SPI interrupts are enabled. Interrupt requests are sent to the Interrupt Controller.
STR—Start an SPI Interrupt Request
0 = No effect.
1 = Setting this bit to 1 also sets the IRQ bit in the SPI Status register to 1. Setting this bit
forces the SPI to send an interrupt request to the Interrupt Control. This bit can be used by
software for a function similar to transmit buffer empty in a UART. Writing a 1 to the
IRQ bit in the SPI Status register clears this bit to 0.
BIRQ—BRG Timer Interrupt Request
If the SPI is enabled, this bit has no effect. If the SPI is disabled:
0 = The Baud Rate Generator timer function is disabled.
1 = The Baud Rate Generator timer function and time-out interrupt are enabled.
PHASE—Phase Select
Sets the phase relationship of the data to the clock. Refer to the SPI Clock Phase and
Polarity Control section for more information on operation of the PHASE bit.
CLKPOL—Clock Polarity
0 = SCK idles Low (0).
1 = SCK idle High (1).
WOR—Wire-OR (Open-Drain) Mode Enabled
0 = SPI signal pins not configured for open-drain.
1 = All four SPI signal pins (SCK, SS, MISO, MOSI) configured for open-drain function.
This setting is typically used for multi-master and/or multi-slave configurations.
MMEN—SPI Master Mode Enable
0 = SPI configured in Slave mode.
1 = SPI configured in Master mode.
SPIEN—SPI Enable
0 = SPI disabled.
1 = SPI enabled.
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SPI Status Register
The SPI Status register (Table 64) indicates the current state of the SPI. All bits revert to
their reset state if the SPIEN bit in the SPICTL register = 0.
Table 64. SPI Status Register (SPISTAT)
BITS
7
6
5
4
FIELD
IRQ
OVR
COL
ABT
3
2
Reserved
0
RESET
0
TXST
SLAS
1
R/W*
R/W
1
R
F62H
ADDR
R/W* = Read access. Write a 1 to clear the bit to 0.
IRQ—Interrupt Request
If SPIEN = 1, this bit is set if the STR bit in the SPICTL register is set, or upon completion
of an SPI master or slave transaction. This bit does not set if SPIEN = 0 and the SPI Baud
Rate Generator is used as a timer to generate the SPI interrupt.
0 = No SPI interrupt request pending.
1 = SPI interrupt request is pending.
OVR—Overrun
0 = An overrun error has not occurred.
1 = An overrun error has been detected.
COL—Collision
0 = A multi-master collision (mode fault) has not occurred.
1 = A multi-master collision (mode fault) has been detected.
ABT—Slave mode transaction abort
This bit is set if the SPI is configured in slave mode, a transaction is occurring and SS
deasserts before all bits of a character have been transferred as defined by the NUMBITS
field of the SPIMODE register. The IRQ bit also sets, indicating the transaction has completed.
0 = A slave mode transaction abort has not occurred.
1 = A slave mode transaction abort has been detected.
Reserved—Must be 0.
TXST—Transmit Status
0 = No data transmission currently in progress.
1 = Data transmission currently in progress.
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SLAS—Slave Select
If SPI enabled as a Slave,
0 = SS input pin is asserted (Low)
1 = SS input is not asserted (High).
If SPI enabled as a Master, this bit is not applicable.
SPI Mode Register
The SPI Mode register (Table 65) configures the character bit width and the direction and
value of the SS pin.
Table 65. SPI Mode Register (SPIMODE)
BITS
7
6
Reserved
FIELD
5
DIAG
4
3
2
NUMBITS[2:0]
1
0
SSIO
SSV
0
RESET
R
R/W
R/W
F63H
ADDR
Reserved—Must be 0.
DIAG - Diagnostic Mode Control bit
This bit is for SPI diagnostics. Setting this bit allows the Baud Rate Generator value to be
read using the SPIBRH and SPIBRL register locations.
0 = Reading SPIBRH, SPIBRL returns the value in the SPIBRH and SPIBRL registers
1 = Reading SPIBRH returns bits [15:8] of the SPI Baud Rate Generator; and reading SPIBRL returns bits [7:0] of the SPI Baud Rate Counter. The Baud Rate Counter High and
Low byte values are not buffered.
Caution:
Exercise caution if reading the values while the BRG is counting.
NUMBITS[2:0]—Number of Data Bits Per Character to Transfer
This field contains the number of bits to shift for each character transfer. Refer to the SPI
Data Register description for information on valid bit positions when the character length
is less than 8-bits.
000 = 8 bits
001 = 1 bit
010 = 2 bits
011 = 3 bits
100 = 4 bits
101 = 5 bits
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110 = 6 bits
111 = 7 bits.
SSIO—Slave Select I/O
0 = SS pin configured as an input.
1 = SS pin configured as an output (Master mode only).
SSV—Slave Select Value
If SSIO = 1 and SPI configured as a Master:
0 = SS pin driven Low (0).
1 = SS pin driven High (1).
This bit has no effect if SSIO = 0 or SPI configured as a Slave.
SPI Diagnostic State Register
The SPI Diagnostic State register (Table 66) provides observability of internal state. This
is a read only register used for SPI diagnostics.
Table 66. SPI Diagnostic State Register (SPIDST)
BITS
7
6
FIELD
SCKEN
TCKEN
5
4
3
2
1
0
SPISTATE
RESET
0
R/W
R
ADDR
F64H
SCKEN - Shift Clock Enable
0 = The internal Shift Clock Enable signal is deasserted
1 = The internal Shift Clock Enable signal is asserted (shift register is updates on next system clock)
TCKEN - Transmit Clock Enable
0 = The internal Transmit Clock Enable signal is deasserted.
1 = The internal Transmit Clock Enable signal is asserted. When this is asserted the serial
data out is updated on the next system clock (MOSI or MISO).
SPISTATE - SPI State Machine
Defines the current state of the internal SPI State Machine.
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SPI Baud Rate High and Low Byte Registers
The SPI Baud Rate High and Low Byte registers (Tables 67 and 68) combine to form a 16bit reload value, BRG[15:0], for the SPI Baud Rate Generator.
When congured as a general purpose timer, the SPI BRG interrupt interval is calculated
using the following equation:
SPI BRG Interrupt Interval (s) = System Clock Period (s) ×BRG[15:0] ].
Table 67. SPI Baud Rate High Byte Register (SPIBRH)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
BRH
RESET
1
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F66H
2
1
0
BRH = SPI Baud Rate High Byte
Most significant byte, BRG[15:8], of the SPI Baud Rate Generator’s reload value.
Table 68. SPI Baud Rate Low Byte Register (SPIBRL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
BRL
RESET
1
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F67H
2
1
0
BRL = SPI Baud Rate Low Byte
Least significant byte, BRG[7:0], of the SPI Baud Rate Generator’s reload value.
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I2C Controller
Overview
The I2C Controller makes the 64K Series products bus-compatible with the I2CTM protocol. The I2C Controller consists of two bidirectional bus lines—a serial data signal (SDA)
and a serial clock signal (SCL). Features of the I2C Controller include:
•
•
•
•
Transmit and Receive Operation in MASTER mode
Maximum data rate of 400kbit/sec
7- and 10-bit addressing modes for Slaves
Unrestricted number of data bytes transmitted per transfer
The I2C Controller in the 64K Series products does not operate in Slave mode.
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Architecture
Figure 27 illustrates the architecture of the I2C Controller.
SDA
SCL
Shift
ISHIFT
Load
I2CDATA
Baud Rate Generator
I2CBRH
Receive
I2CBRL
Tx/Rx State Machine
I2CCTL
I2C Interrupt
I2CSTAT
Register Bus
Figure 27. I2C Controller Block Diagram
Operation
The I2C Controller operates in MASTER mode to transmit and receive data. Only a single
master is supported. Arbitration between two masters must be accomplished in software.
I2C supports the following operations:
•
•
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Master transmits to a 7-bit slave
Master transmits to a 10-bit slave
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•
•
Master receives from a 7-bit slave
Master receives from a 10-bit slave
SDA and SCL Signals
I2C sends all addresses, data and acknowledge signals over the SDA line, most-significant
bit first. SCL is the common clock for the I2C Controller. When the SDA and SCL pin
alternate functions are selected for their respective GPIO ports, the pins are automatically
configured for open-drain operation.
The master (I2C) is responsible for driving the SCL clock signal, although the clock signal
can become skewed by a slow slave device. During the low period of the clock, the slave
pulls the SCL signal Low to suspend the transaction. The master releases the clock at the
end of the low period and notices that the clock remains low instead of returning to a high
level. When the slave releases the clock, the I2C Controller continues the transaction. All
data is transferred in bytes and there is no limit to the amount of data transferred in one
operation. When transmitting data or acknowledging read data from the slave, the SDA
signal changes in the middle of the low period of SCL and is sampled in the middle of the
high period of SCL.
I2C Interrupts
The I2C Controller contains four sources of interrupts—Transmit, Receive, Not Acknowledge and baud rate generator. These four interrupt sources are combined into a single
interrupt request signal to the Interrupt Controller. The Transmit interrupt is enabled by the
IEN and TXI bits of the Control register. The Receive and Not Acknowledge interrupts are
enabled by the IEN bit of the Control register. The baud rate generator interrupt is enabled
by the BIRQ and IEN bits of the Control register.
Not Acknowledge interrupts occur when a Not Acknowledge condition is received from
the slave or sent by the I2C Controller and neither the START or STOP bit is set. The Not
Acknowledge event sets the NCKI bit of the I2C Status register and can only be cleared by
setting the START or STOP bit in the I2C Control register. When this interrupt occurs, the
I2C Controller waits until either the STOP or START bit is set before performing any
action. In an interrupt service routine, the NCKI bit should always be checked prior to servicing transmit or receive interrupt conditions because it indicates the transaction is being
terminated.
Receive interrupts occur when a byte of data has been received by the I2C Controller
(master reading data from slave). This procedure sets the RDRF bit of the I2C Status register. The RDRF bit is cleared by reading the I2C Data register. The RDRF bit is set during
the acknowledge phase. The I2C Controller pauses after the acknowledge phase until the
receive interrupt is cleared before performing any other action.
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Transmit interrupts occur when the TDRE bit of the I2C Status register sets and the TXI
bit in the I2C Control register is set. Transmit interrupts occur under the following conditions when the transmit data register is empty:
•
•
•
•
The I2C Controller is enabled
The first bit of the byte of an address is shifting out and the RD bit of the I2C Status
register is deasserted.
The first bit of a 10-bit address shifts out.
The first bit of write data shifts out.
Note: Writing to the I2C Data register always clears the TRDE bit to 0. When TDRE is asserted,
the I2C Controller pauses at the beginning of the Acknowledge cycle of the byte currently
shifting out until the Data register is written with the next value to send or the STOP or
START bits are set indicating the current byte is the last one to send.
The fourth interrupt source is the baud rate generator. If the I2C Controller is disabled
(IEN bit in the I2CCTL register = 0) and the BIRQ bit in the I2CCTL register = 1, an interrupt is generated when the baud rate generator counts down to 1. This allows the I2C baud
rate generator to be used by software as a general purpose timer when IEN = 0.
Software Control of I2C Transactions
Software can control I2C transactions by using the I2C Controller interrupt, by polling the
I2C Status register or by DMA. Note that not all products include a DMA Controller.
To use interrupts, the I2C interrupt must be enabled in the Interrupt Controller. The TXI bit
in the I2C Control register must be set to enable transmit interrupts.
To control transactions by polling, the interrupt bits (TDRE, RDRF and NCKI) in the I2C
Status register should be polled. The TDRE bit asserts regardless of the state of the TXI
bit.
Either or both transmit and receive data movement can be controlled by the DMA Controller. The DMA Controller channel(s) must be initialized to select the I2C transmit and
receive requests. Transmit DMA requests require that the TXI bit in the I2C Control register be set.
Caution:
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A transmit (write) DMA operation hangs if the slave responds with a Not
Acknowledge before the last byte has been sent. After receiving the Not
Acknowledge, the I2C Controller sets the NCKI bit in the Status register
and pauses until either the STOP or START bits in the Control register are
set.
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In order for a receive (read) DMA transaction to send a Not Acknowledge
on the last byte, the receive DMA must be set up to receive n-1 bytes, then
software must set the NAK bit and receive the last (nth) byte directly.
Start and Stop Conditions
The master (I2C) drives all Start and Stop signals and initiates all transactions. To start a
transaction, the I2C Controller generates a START condition by pulling the SDA signal
Low while SCL is High. To complete a transaction, the I2C Controller generates a Stop
condition by creating a low-to-high transition of the SDA signal while the SCL signal is
high. The START and STOP bits in the I2C Control register control the sending of the
Start and Stop conditions. A master is also allowed to end one transaction and begin a new
one by issuing a Restart. This is accomplished by setting the START bit at the end of a
transaction, rather than the STOP bit. Note that the Start condition not sent until the
START bit is set and data has been written to the I2C Data register.
Master Write and Read Transactions
The following sections provide a recommended procedure for performing I2C write and
read transactions from the I2C Controller (master) to slave I2C devices. In general software should rely on the TDRE, RDRF and NCKI bits of the status register (these bits generate interrupts) to initiate software actions. When using interrupts or DMA, the TXI bit is
set to start each transaction and cleared at the end of each transaction to eliminate a “trailing” Transmit interrupt.
Caution should be used in using the ACK status bit within a transaction because it is difficult for software to tell when it is updated by hardware.
When writing data to a slave, the I2C pauses at the beginning of the Acknowledge cycle if
the data register has not been written with the next value to be sent (TDRE bit in the I2C
Status register = 1). In this scenario where software is not keeping up with the I2C bus
(TDRE asserted longer than one byte time), the Acknowledge clock cycle for byte n is
delayed until the Data register is written with byte n + 1, and appears to be grouped with
the data clock cycles for byte n+1. If either the START or STOP bit is set, the I2C does not
pause prior to the Acknowledge cycle because no additional data is sent.
When a Not Acknowledge condition is received during a write (either during the address
or data phases), the I2C Controller generates the Not Acknowledge interrupt (NCKI = 1)
and pause until either the STOP or START bit is set. Unless the Not Acknowledge was
received on the last byte, the Data register will already have been written with the next
address or data byte to send. In this case the FLUSH bit of the Control register should be
set at the same time the STOP or START bit is set to remove the stale transmit data and
enable subsequent Transmit interrupts.
When reading data from the slave, the I2C pauses after the data Acknowledge cycle until
the receive interrupt is serviced and the RDRF bit of the status register is cleared by read-
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ing the I2C Data register. Once the I2C data register has been read, the I2C reads the next
data byte.
Address Only Transaction with a 7-bit Address
In the situation where software determines if a slave with a 7-bit address is responding
without sending or receiving data, a transaction can be done which only consists of an
address phase. Figure 28 illustrates this “address only” transaction to determine if a slave
with a 7-bit address will acknowledge. As an example, this transaction can be used after a
“write” has been done to a EEPROM to determine when the EEPROM completes its internal write operation and is once again responding to I2C transactions. If the slave does not
Acknowledge, the transaction can be repeated until the slave does Acknowledge.
S
Slave Address
W = 0 A/A
P
Figure 28. 7-Bit Address Only Transaction Format
The procedure for an address only transaction to a 7-bit addressed slave is as follows:
1. Software asserts the IEN bit in the I2C Control register.
2. Software asserts the TXI bit of the I2C Control register to enable Transmit interrupts.
3. The I2C interrupt asserts, because the I2C Data register is empty (TDRE = 1)
4. Software responds to the TDRE bit by writing a 7-bit slave address plus write bit (=0)
to the I2C Data register. As an alternative this could be a read operation instead of a
write operation.
5. Software sets the START and STOP bits of the I2C Control register and clears the TXI
bit.
6. The I2C Controller sends the START condition to the I2C slave.
7. The I2C Controller loads the I2C Shift register with the contents of the I2C Data
register.
8. Software polls the STOP bit of the I2C Control register. Hardware deasserts the STOP
bit when the address only transaction is completed.
9.
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Software checks the ACK bit of the I2C Status register. If the slave acknowledged,
the ACK bit is = 1. If the slave does not acknowledge, the ACK bit is = 0. The NCKI
interrupt does not occur in the not acknowledge case because the STOP bit was set.
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Write Transaction with a 7-Bit Address
Figure 29 illustrates the data transfer format for a 7-bit addressed slave. Shaded regions
indicate data transferred from the I2C Controller to slaves and unshaded regions indicate
data transferred from the slaves to the I2C Controller.
S
Slave Address
W=0
A
Data
A
Data
A
Data
A/A P/S
Figure 29. 7-Bit Addressed Slave Data Transfer Format
The procedure for a transmit operation to a 7-bit addressed slave is as follows:
1. Software asserts the IEN bit in the I2C Control register.
2. Software asserts the TXI bit of the I2C Control register to enable Transmit interrupts.
3. The I2C interrupt asserts, because the I2C Data register is empty
4. Software responds to the TDRE bit by writing a 7-bit slave address plus write bit (=0)
to the I2C Data register.
5. Software asserts the START bit of the I2C Control register.
6. The I2C Controller sends the START condition to the I2C slave.
7. The I2C Controller loads the I2C Shift register with the contents of the I2C Data
register.
8. After one bit of address has been shifted out by the SDA signal, the Transmit interrupt
is asserted (TDRE = 1).
9. Software responds by writing the transmit data into the I2C Data register.
10. The I2C Controller shifts the rest of the address and write bit out by the SDA signal.
11. If the I2C slave sends an acknowledge (by pulling the SDA signal low) during the next
high period of SCL the I2C Controller sets the ACK bit in the I2C Status register.
Continue with step 12.
If the slave does not acknowledge, the Not Acknowledge interrupt occurs (NCKI bit is
set in the Status register, ACK bit is cleared). Software responds to the Not
Acknowledge interrupt by setting the STOP and FLUSH bits and clearing the TXI bit.
The I2C Controller sends the STOP condition on the bus and clears the STOP and
NCKI bits. The transaction is complete (ignore following steps).
12. The I2C Controller loads the contents of the I2C Shift register with the contents of the
I2C Data register.
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13. The I2C Controller shifts the data out of using the SDA signal. After the first bit is
sent, the Transmit interrupt is asserted.
14. If more bytes remain to be sent, return to step 9.
15. Software responds by setting the STOP bit of the I2C Control register (or START bit
to initiate a new transaction). In the STOP case, software clears the TXI bit of the I2C
Control register at the same time.
16. The I2C Controller completes transmission of the data on the SDA signal.
17. The slave may either Acknowledge or Not Acknowledge the last byte. Because either
the STOP or START bit is already set, the NCKI interrupt does not occur.
18. The I2C Controller sends the STOP (or RESTART) condition to the I2C bus. The
STOP or START bit is cleared.
Address Only Transaction with a 10-bit Address
In the situation where software wants to determine if a slave with a 10-bit address is
responding without sending or receiving data, a transaction can be done which only consists of an address phase. Figure 30 illustrates this “address only” transaction to determine
if a slave with 10-bit address will acknowledge. As an example, this transaction can be
used after a “write” has been done to a EEPROM to determine when the EEPROM completes its internal write operation and is once again responding to I2C transactions. If the
slave does not Acknowledge the transaction can be repeated until the slave is able to
Acknowledge.
S
Slave Address
1st 7 bits
W = 0 A/A
Slave Address
2nd Byte
A/A P
Figure 30. 10-Bit Address Only Transaction Format
The procedure for an address only transaction to a 10-bit addressed slave is as follows:
1. Software asserts the IEN bit in the I2C Control register.
2. Software asserts the TXI bit of the I2C Control register to enable Transmit interrupts.
3. The I2C interrupt asserts, because the I2C Data register is empty (TDRE = 1)
4. Software responds to the TDRE interrupt by writing the first slave address byte. The
least-significant bit must be 0 for the write operation.
5. Software asserts the START bit of the I2C Control register.
6. The I2C Controller sends the START condition to the I2C slave.
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7. The I2C Controller loads the I2C Shift register with the contents of the I2C Data
register.
8. After one bit of address is shifted out by the SDA signal, the Transmit interrupt is
asserted.
9. Software responds by writing the second byte of address into the contents of the I2C
Data register.
10. The I2C Controller shifts the rest of the first byte of address and write bit out the SDA
signal.
11. If the I2C slave sends an acknowledge by pulling the SDA signal low during the next
high period of SCL the I2C Controller sets the ACK bit in the I2C Status register.
Continue with step 12.
If the slave does not acknowledge the first address byte, the I2C Controller sets the
NCKI bit and clears the ACK bit in the I2C Status register. Software respons to the
Not Acknowledge interrupt by setting the STOP and FLUSH bits and clearing the TXI
bit. The I2C Controller sends the STOP condition on the bus and clears the STOP and
NCKI bits. The transaction is complete (ignore following steps).
12. The I2C Controller loads the I2C Shift register with the contents of the I2C Data
register (2nd byte of address).
13. The I2C Controller shifts the second address byte out the SDA signal. After the first
bit has been sent, the Transmit interrupt is asserted.
14. Software responds by setting the STOP bit in the I2C Control register. The TXI bit can
be cleared at the same time.
15. Software polls the STOP bit of the I2C Control register. Hardware deasserts the STOP
bit when the transaction is completed (STOP condition has been sent).
16. Software checks the ACK bit of the I2C Status register. If the slave acknowledged, the
ACK bit is = 1. If the slave does not acknowledge, the ACK bit is = 0. The NCKI
interrupt do not occur because the STOP bit was set.
Write Transaction with a 10-Bit Address
Figure 31 illustrates the data transfer format for a 10-bit addressed slave. Shaded regions
indicate data transferred from the I2C Controller to slaves and unshaded regions indicate
data transferred from the slaves to the I2C Controller.
S
Slave Address
W=0 A
1st 7 bits
Slave Address
2nd Byte
A Data A Data A/A P/S
Figure 31. 10-Bit Addressed Slave Data Transfer Format
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The first seven bits transmitted in the first byte are 11110XX. The two bits XX are the two
most-significant bits of the 10-bit address. The lowest bit of the first byte transferred is the
read/write control bit (=0). The transmit operation is carried out in the same manner as 7bit addressing.
The procedure for a transmit operation on a 10-bit addressed slave is as follows:
1. Software asserts the IEN bit in the I2C Control register.
2. Software asserts the TXI bit of the I2C Control register to enable Transmit interrupts.
3. The I2C interrupt asserts because the I2C Data register is empty.
4. Software responds to the TDRE interrupt by writing the first slave address byte to the
I2C Data register. The least-significant bit must be 0 for the write operation.
5. Software asserts the START bit of the I2C Control register.
6. The I2C Controller sends the START condition to the I2C slave.
7. The I2C Controller loads the I2C Shift register with the contents of the I2C Data
register.
8. After one bit of address is shifted out by the SDA signal, the Transmit interrupt is
asserted.
9. Software responds by writing the second byte of address into the contents of the I2C
Data register.
10. The I2C Controller shifts the rest of the first byte of address and write bit out the SDA
signal.
11. If the I2C slave acknowledges the first address byte by pulling the SDA signal low
during the next high period of SCL, the I2C Controller sets the ACK bit in the I2C
Status register. Continue with step 12.
If the slave does not acknowledge the first address byte, the I2C Controller sets the
NCKI bit and clears the ACK bit in the I2C Status register. Software responds to the
Not Acknowledge interrupt by setting the STOP and FLUSH bits and clearing the TXI
bit. The I2C Controller sends the STOP condition on the bus and clears the STOP and
NCKI bits. The transaction is complete (ignore the following steps).
12. The I2C Controller loads the I2C Shift register with the contents of the I2C Data
register.
13. The I2C Controller shifts the second address byte out the SDA signal. After the first
bit has been sent, the Transmit interrupt is asserted.
14. Software responds by writing a data byte to the I2C Data register.
15. The I2C Controller completes shifting the contents of the shift register on the SDA
signal.
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16. If the I2C slave sends an acknowledge by pulling the SDA signal low during the next
high period of SCL, the I2C Controller sets the ACK bit in the I2C Status register.
Continue with step 17.
If the slave does not acknowledge the second address byte or one of the data bytes, the
I2C Controller sets the NCKI bit and clears the ACK bit in the I2C Status register.
Software responds to the Not Acknowledge interrupt by setting the STOP and FLUSH
bits and clearing the TXI bit. The I2C Controller sends the STOP condition on the bus
and clears the STOP and NCKI bits. The transaction is complete (ignore the following
steps).
17. The I2C Controller shifts the data out by the SDA signal. After the first bit is sent, the
Transmit interrupt is asserted.
18. If more bytes remain to be sent, return to step 14.
19. If the last byte is currently being sent, software sets the STOP bit of the I2C Control
register (or START bit to initiate a new transaction). In the STOP case, software also
clears the TXI bit of the I2C Control register at the same time.
20. The I2C Controller completes transmission of the last data byte on the SDA signal.
21. The slave may either Acknowledge or Not Acknowledge the last byte. Because either
the STOP or START bit is already set, the NCKI interrupt does not occur.
22. The I2C Controller sends the STOP (or RESTART) condition to the I2C bus and clears
the STOP (or START) bit.
Read Transaction with a 7-Bit Address
Figure 32 illustrates the data transfer format for a read operation to a 7-bit addressed slave.
The shaded regions indicate data transferred from the I2C Controller to slaves and
unshaded regions indicate data transferred from the slaves to the I2C Controller.
S
Slave Address
R=1
A
Data
A
Data
A
P/S
Figure 32. Receive Data Transfer Format for a 7-Bit Addressed Slave
The procedure for a read operation to a 7-bit addressed slave is as follows:
1. Software writes the I2C Data register with a 7-bit slave address plus the read bit (=1).
2. Software asserts the START bit of the I2C Control register.
3. If this is a single byte transfer, Software asserts the NAK bit of the I2C Control register
so that after the first byte of data has been read by the I2C Controller, a Not
Acknowledge is sent to the I2C slave.
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4. The I2C Controller sends the START condition.
5. The I2C Controller shifts the address and read bit out the SDA signal.
6. If the I2C slave acknowledges the address by pulling the SDA signal Low during the
next high period of SCL, the I2C Controller sets the ACK bit in the I2C Status register.
Continue with step 7.
If the slave does not acknowledge, the Not Acknowledge interrupt occurs (NCKI bit is
set in the Status register, ACK bit is cleared). Software responds to the Not
Acknowledge interrupt by setting the STOP bit and clearing the TXI bit. The I2C
Controller sends the STOP condition on the bus and clears the STOP and NCKI bits.
The transaction is complete (ignore the following steps).
7. The I2C Controller shifts in the byte of data from the I2C slave on the SDA signal. The
I2C Controller sends a Not Acknowledge to the I2C slave if the NAK bit is set (last
byte), else it sends an Acknowledge.
8. The I2C Controller asserts the Receive interrupt (RDRF bit set in the Status register).
9. Software responds by reading the I2C Data register which clears the RDRF bit. If there
is only one more byte to receive, set the NAK bit of the I2C Control register.
10. If there are more bytes to transfer, return to step 7.
11. After the last byte is shifted in, a Not Acknowledge interrupt is generated by the I2C
Controller.
12. Software responds by setting the STOP bit of the I2C Control register.
13. A STOP condition is sent to the I2C slave, the STOP and NCKI bits are cleared.
Read Transaction with a 10-Bit Address
Figure 33 illustrates the read transaction format for a 10-bit addressed slave. The shaded
regions indicate data transferred from the I2C Controller to slaves and unshaded regions
indicate data transferred from the slaves to the I2C Controller.
S
Slave Address
W=0 A
1st 7 bits
Slave Address
2nd Byte
A S
Slave Address
1st 7 bits
R=1 A Data A Data A P
Figure 33. Receive Data Format for a 10-Bit Addressed Slave
The first seven bits transmitted in the first byte are 11110XX. The two bits XX are the two
most-significant bits of the 10-bit address. The lowest bit of the first byte transferred is the
write control bit.
The data transfer procedure for a read operation to a 10-bit addressed slave is as follows:
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1. Software writes 11110B followed by the two address bits and a 0 (write) to the I2C
Data register.
2. Software asserts the START and TXI bits of the I2C Control register.
3. The I2C Controller sends the Start condition.
4. The I2C Controller loads the I2C Shift register with the contents of the I2C Data
register.
5. After the first bit has been shifted out, a Transmit interrupt is asserted.
6. Software responds by writing the lower eight bits of address to the I2C Data register.
7. The I2C Controller completes shifting of the two address bits and a 0 (write).
8. If the I2C slave acknowledges the first address byte by pulling the SDA signal low
during the next high period of SCL, the I2C Controller sets the ACK bit in the I2C
Status register. Continue with step 9.
If the slave does not acknowledge the first address byte, the I2C Controller sets the
NCKI bit and clears the ACK bit in the I2C Status register. Software responds to the
Not Acknowledge interrupt by setting the STOP and FLUSH bits and clearing the TXI
bit. The I2C Controller sends the STOP condition on the bus and clears the STOP and
NCKI bits. The transaction is complete (ignore following steps).
9. The I2C Controller loads the I2C Shift register with the contents of the I2C Data
register (second address byte).
10. The I2C Controller shifts out the second address byte. After the first bit is shifted, the
I2C Controller generates a Transmit interrupt.
11. Software responds by setting the START bit of the I2C Control register to generate a
repeated START and by clearing the TXI bit.
12. Software responds by writing 11110B followed by the 2-bit slave address and a 1
(read) to the I2C Data register.
13. If only one byte is to be read, software sets the NAK bit of the I2C Control register.
14. After the I2C Controller shifts out the 2nd address byte, the I2C slave sends an
acknowledge by pulling the SDA signal low during the next high period of SCL, the
I2C Controller sets the ACK bit in the I2C Status register. Continue with step 15.
If the slave does not acknowledge the second address byte, the I2C Controller sets the
NCKI bit and clears the ACK bit in the I2C Status register. Software responds to the
Not Acknowledge interrupt by setting the STOP and FLUSH bits and clearing the TXI
bit. The I2C Controller sends the STOP condition on the bus and clears the STOP and
NCKI bits. The transaction is complete (ignore the following steps).
15. The I2C Controller sends the repeated START condition.
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16. The I2C Controller loads the I2C Shift register with the contents of the I2C Data
register (third address transfer).
17. The I2C Controller sends 11110B followed by the two most significant bits of the
slave read address and a 1 (read).
18. The I2C slave sends an acknowledge by pulling the SDA signal Low during the next
high period of SCL
If the slave were to Not Acknowledge at this point (this should not happen because the
slave did acknowledge the first two address bytes), software would respond by setting
the STOP and FLUSH bits and clearing the TXI bit. The I2C Controller sends the
STOP condition on the bus and clears the STOP and NCKI bits. The transaction is
complete (ignore the following steps).
19. The I2C Controller shifts in a byte of data from the I2C slave on the SDA signal. The
I2C Controller sends a Not Acknowledge to the I2C slave if the NAK bit is set (last
byte), else it sends an Acknowledge.
20. The I2C Controller asserts the Receive interrupt (RDRF bit set in the Status register).
21. Software responds by reading the I2C Data register which clears the RDRF bit. If there
is only one more byte to receive, set the NAK bit of the I2C Control register.
22. If there are one or more bytes to transfer, return to step 19.
23. After the last byte is shifted in, a Not Acknowledge interrupt is generated by the I2C
Controller.
24. Software responds by setting the STOP bit of the I2C Control register.
25. A STOP condition is sent to the I2C slave and the STOP and NCKI bits are cleared.
I2C Control Register Definitions
I2C Data Register
The I2C Data register (Table 69) holds the data that is to be loaded into the I2C Shift register during a write to a slave. This register also holds data that is loaded from the I2C Shift
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register during a read from a slave. The I2C Shift Register is not accessible in the Register
File address space, but is used only to buffer incoming and outgoing data.
Table 69. I2C Data Register (I2CDATA)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
DATA
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F50H
2
1
0
I2C Status Register
The Read-only I2C Status register (Table 70) indicates the status of the I2C Controller.
Table 70. I2C Status Register (I2CSTAT)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
TDRE
RDRF
ACK
10B
RD
TAS
DSS
NCKI
RESET
1
0
R/W
R
ADDR
F51H
TDRE—Transmit Data Register Empty
When the I2C Controller is enabled, this bit is 1 when the I2C Data register is empty.
When this bit is set, an interrupt is generated if the TXI bit is set, except when the I2C
Controller is shifting in data during the reception of a byte or when shifting an address and
the RD bit is set. This bit is cleared by writing to the I2CDATA register.
RDRF—Receive Data Register Full
This bit is set = 1 when the I2C Controller is enabled and the I2C Controller has received a
byte of data. When asserted, this bit causes the I2C Controller to generate an interrupt.
This bit is cleared by reading the I2C Data register (unless the read is performed using execution of the On-Chip Debugger’s Read Register command).
ACK—Acknowledge
This bit indicates the status of the Acknowledge for the last byte transmitted or received.
When set, this bit indicates that an Acknowledge occurred for the last byte transmitted or
received. This bit is cleared when IEN = 0 or when a Not Acknowledge occurred for the
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last byte transmitted or received. It is not reset at the beginning of each transaction and is
not reset when this register is read.
Caution:
Software must be cautious in making decisions based on this bit within a
transaction because software cannot tell when the bit is updated by hardware. In the case of write transactions, the I2C pauses at the beginning of
the Acknowledge cycle if the next transmit data or address byte has not
been written (TDRE = 1) and STOP and START = 0. In this case the ACK
bit is not updated until the transmit interrupt is serviced and the Acknowledge cycle for the previous byte completes. Refer to Address Only Transaction with a 7-bit Address on page 144 and Address Only Transaction
with a 10-bit Address on page 146 for examples of how the ACK bit can
be used.
10B—10-Bit Address
This bit indicates whether a 10- or 7-bit address is being transmitted. After the START bit
is set, if the five most-significant bits of the address are 11110B, this bit is set. When set,
it is reset once the first byte of the address has been sent.
RD—Read
This bit indicates the direction of transfer of the data. It is active high during a read. The
status of this bit is determined by the least-significant bit of the I2C Shift register after the
START bit is set.
TAS—Transmit Address State
This bit is active high while the address is being shifted out of the I2C Shift register.
DSS—Data Shift State
This bit is active high while data is being shifted to or from the I2C Shift register.
NCKI—NACK Interrupt
This bit is set high when a Not Acknowledge condition is received or sent and neither the
START nor the STOP bit is active. When set, this bit generates an interrupt that can only
be cleared by setting the START or STOP bit, allowing the user to specify whether he
wants to perform a STOP or a repeated START.
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I2C Control Register
The I2C Control register (Table 71) enables the I2C operation.
Table 71. I2C Control Register (I2CCTL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
IEN
START
STOP
BIRQ
TXI
NAK
FLUSH
FILTEN
R/W
R/W1
W1
R/W
0
RESET
R/W
R/W
R/W1
R/W1
R/W
F52H
ADDR
IEN—I2C Enable
1 = The I2C transmitter and receiver are enabled.
0 = The I2C transmitter and receiver are disabled.
START—Send Start Condition
This bit sends the Start condition. Once asserted, it is cleared by the I2C Controller after it
sends the START condition or if the IEN bit is deasserted. If this bit is 1, it cannot be
cleared to 0 by writing to the register. After this bit is set, the Start condition is sent if there
is data in the I2C Data or I2C Shift register. If there is no data in one of these registers, the
I2C Controller waits until the Data register is written. If this bit is set while the I2C Controller is shifting out data, it generates a START condition after the byte shifts and the
acknowledge phase completes. If the STOP bit is also set, it also waits until the STOP condition is sent before the sending the START condition.
STOP—Send Stop Condition
This bit causes the I2C Controller to issue a Stop condition after the byte in the I2C Shift
register has completed transmission or after a byte has been received in a receive operation. Once set, this bit is reset by the I2C Controller after a Stop condition has been sent or
by deasserting the IEN bit. If this bit is 1, it cannot be cleared to 0 by writing to the register.
BIRQ—Baud Rate Generator Interrupt Request
This bit allows the I2C Controller to be used as an additional timer when the I2C Controller is disabled. This bit is ignored when the I2C Controller is enabled.
1 = An interrupt occurs every time the baud rate generator counts down to one.
0 = No baud rate generator interrupt occurs.
TXI—Enable TDRE interrupts
This bit enables the transmit interrupt when the I2C Data register is empty (TDRE = 1).
1 = Transmit interrupt (and DMA transmit request) is enabled.
0 = Transmit interrupt (and DMA transmit request) is disabled.
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NAK—Send NAK
This bit sends a Not Acknowledge condition after the next byte of data has been read from
the I2C slave. Once asserted, it is deasserted after a Not Acknowledge is sent or the IEN
bit is deasserted. If this bit is 1, it cannot be cleared to 0 by writing to the register.
FLUSH—Flush Data
Setting this bit to 1 clears the I2C Data register and sets the TDRE bit to 1. This bit allows
flushing of the I2C Data register when a Not Acknowledge interrupt is received after the
data has been sent to the I2C Data register. Reading this bit always returns 0.
FILTEN—I2C Signal Filter Enable
This bit enables low-pass digital filters on the SDA and SCL input signals. These filters
reject any input pulse with periods less than a full system clock cycle. The filters introduce
a 3-system clock cycle latency on the inputs.
1 = low-pass filters are enabled.
0 = low-pass filters are disabled.
I2C Baud Rate High and Low Byte Registers
The I2C Baud Rate High and Low Byte registers (Tables 72 and 73) combine to form a 16bit reload value, BRG[15:0], for the I2C Baud Rate Generator.
When the I2C is disabled, the Baud Rate Generator can function as a basic 16-bit timer
with interrupt on time-out. To configure the Baud Rate Generator as a timer with interrupt
on time-out, complete the following procedure:
1. Disable the I2C by clearing the IEN bit in the I2C Control register to 0.
2. Load the desired 16-bit count value into the I2C Baud Rate High and Low Byte
registers.
3. Enable the Baud Rate Generator timer function and associated interrupt by setting the
BIRQ bit in the I2C Control register to 1.
When configured as a general purpose timer, the interrupt interval is calculated using the
following equation:
Interrupt Interval (s) = System Clock Period (s) ×BRG[15:0] ]
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.
Table 72. I2C Baud Rate High Byte Register (I2CBRH)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
BRH
RESET
FFH
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F53H
2
1
0
BRH = I2C Baud Rate High Byte
Most significant byte, BRG[15:8], of the I2C Baud Rate Generator’s reload value.
Note: If the DIAG bit in the I2C Diagnostic Control Register is set to 1, a read of the I2CBRH
register returns the current value of the I2C Baud Rate Counter[15:8].
Table 73. I2C Baud Rate Low Byte Register (I2CBRL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
BRL
RESET
FFH
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F54H
2
1
0
BRL = I2C Baud Rate Low Byte
Least significant byte, BRG[7:0], of the I2C Baud Rate Generator’s reload value.
Note: If the DIAG bit in the I2C Diagnostic Control Register is set to 1, a read of the I2CBRL
register returns the current value of the I2C Baud Rate Counter[7:0].
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I2C Diagnostic State Register
The I2C Diagnostic State register (Table 74) provides observability of internal state. This
is a read only register used for I2C diagnostics and manufacturing test.
Table 74. I2C Diagnostic State Register (I2CDST)
BITS
7
6
5
FIELD
SCLIN
SDAIN
STPCNT
4
3
1
0
TXRXSTATE
X
RESET
2
0
R/W
R
ADDR
F55H
SCLIN - Value of Serial Clock input signal
SDAIN - Value of the Serial Data input signal
STPCNT - Value of the internal Stop Count control signal
TXRXSTATE - Value of the internal I2C state machine
PS019915-1005
TXRXSTATE
State Description
0_0000
Idle State
0_0001
START State
0_0010
Send/Receive data bit 7
0_0011
Send/Receive data bit 6
0_0100
Send/Receive data bit 5
0_0101
Send/Receive data bit 4
0_0110
Send/Receive data bit 3
0_0111
Send/Receive data bit 2
0_1000
Send/Receive data bit 1
0_1001
Send/Receive data bit 0
0_1010
Data Acknowledge State
0_1011
Second half of data Acknowledge State used only for not acknowledge
0_1100
First part of STOP state
0_1101
Second part of STOP state
0_1110
10-bit addressing: Acknowledge State for 2nd address byte
7-bit addressing: Address Acknowledge State
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PS019915-1005
TXRXSTATE
State Description
0_1111
10-bit address: Bit 0 (Least significant bit) of 2nd address byte
7-bit address: Bit 0 (Least significant bit) (R/W) of address byte
1_0000
10-bit addressing: Bit 7 (Most significant bit) of 1st address byte
1_0001
10-bit addressing: Bit 6 of 1st address byte
1_0010
10-bit addressing: Bit 5 of 1st address byte
1_0011
10-bit addressing: Bit 4 of 1st address byte
1_0100
10-bit addressing: Bit 3 of 1st address byte
1_0101
10-bit addressing: Bit 2 of 1st address byte
1_0110
10-bit addressing: Bit 1 of 1st address byte
1_0111
10-bit addressing: Bit 0 (R/W) of 1st address byte
1_1000
10-bit addressing: Acknowledge state for 1st address byte
1_1001
10-bit addressing: Bit 7 of 2nd address byte
7-bit addressing: Bit 7 of address byte
1_1010
10-bit addressing: Bit 6 of 2nd address byte
7-bit addressing: Bit 6 of address byte
1_1011
10-bit addressing: Bit 5 of 2nd address byte
7-bit addressing: Bit 5 of address byte
1_1100
10-bit addressing: Bit 4 of 2nd address byte
7-bit addressing: Bit 4 of address byte
1_1101
10-bit addressing: Bit 3 of 2nd address byte
7-bit addressing: Bit 3 of address byte
1_1110
10-bit addressing: Bit 2 of 2nd address byte
7-bit addressing: Bit 2 of address byte
1_1111
10-bit addressing: Bit 1 of 2nd address byte
7-bit addressing: Bit 1 of address byte
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I2C Diagnostic Control Register
The I2C Diagnostic register (Table 75) provides control over diagnostic modes. This register is a read/write register used for I2C diagnostics.
Table 75. I2C Diagnostic Control Register (I2CDIAG)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
Reserved
FIELD
2
1
0
DIAG
0
RESET
R
R/W
R/W
F56H
ADDR
DIAG = Diagnostic Control Bit - Selects read back value of the Baud Rate Reload registers.
0 = Normal mode. Reading the Baud Rate High and Low Byte registers returns the baud
rate reload value.
1 = Diagnostic mode. Reading the Baud Rate High and Low Byte registers returns the
baud rate counter value.
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Direct Memory Access Controller
Overview
The 64K Series Direct Memory Access (DMA) Controller provides three independent
Direct Memory Access channels. Two of the channels (DMA0 and DMA1) transfer data
between the on-chip peripherals and the Register File. The third channel (DMA_ADC)
controls the Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) operation and transfers SINGLE-SHOT
mode ADC output data to the Register File.
Operation
DMA0 and DMA1 Operation
DMA0 and DMA1, referred to collectively as DMAx, transfer data either from the on-chip
peripheral control registers to the Register File, or from the Register File to the on-chip
peripheral control registers. The sequence of operations in a DMAx data transfer is:
1. DMAx trigger source requests a DMA data transfer.
2. DMAx requests control of the system bus (address and data) from the eZ8 CPU.
3. After the eZ8 CPU acknowledges the bus request, DMAx transfers either a single byte
or a two-byte word (depending upon configuration) and then returns system bus
control back to the eZ8 CPU.
4. If Current Address equals End Address:
– DMAx reloads the original Start Address
– If configured to generate an interrupt, DMAx sends an interrupt request to the
Interrupt Controller
– If configured for single-pass operation, DMAx resets the DEN bit in the DMAx
Control register to 0 and the DMA is disabled.
If Current Address does not equal End Address, the Current Address increments by 1
(single-byte transfer) or 2 (two-byte word transfer).
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Configuring DMA0 and DMA1 for Data Transfer
Follow these steps to configure and enable DMA0 or DMA1:
1. Write to the DMAx I/O Address register to set the Register File address identifying the
on-chip peripheral control register. The upper nibble of the 12-bit address for on-chip
peripheral control registers is always FH. The full address is {FH, DMAx_IO[7:0]}
2. Determine the 12-bit Start and End Register File addresses. The 12-bit Start Address
is given by {DMAx_H[3:0], DMA_START[7:0]}. The 12-bit End Address is given by
{DMAx_H[7:4], DMA_END[7:0]}.
3. Write the Start and End Register File address high nibbles to the DMAx End/Start
Address High Nibble register.
4. Write the lower byte of the Start Address to the DMAx Start/Current Address register.
5. Write the lower byte of the End Address to the DMAx End Address register.
6. Write to the DMAx Control register to complete the following:
– Select loop or single-pass mode operation
– Select the data transfer direction (either from the Register File RAM to the onchip peripheral control register; or from the on-chip peripheral control register to
the Register File RAM)
– Enable the DMAx interrupt request, if desired
– Select Word or Byte mode
– Select the DMAx request trigger
– Enable the DMAx channel
DMA_ADC Operation
DMA_ADC transfers data from the ADC to the Register File. The sequence of operations
in a DMA_ADC data transfer is:
1. ADC completes conversion on the current ADC input channel and signals the DMA
controller that two-bytes of ADC data are ready for transfer.
2. DMA_ADC requests control of the system bus (address and data) from the eZ8 CPU.
3. After the eZ8 CPU acknowledges the bus request, DMA_ADC transfers the two-byte
ADC output value to the Register File and then returns system bus control back to the
eZ8 CPU.
4. If the current ADC Analog Input is the highest numbered input to be converted:
– DMA_ADC resets the ADC Analog Input number to 0 and initiates data
conversion on ADC Analog Input 0.
– If configured to generate an interrupt, DMA_ADC sends an interrupt request to
the Interrupt Controller
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If the current ADC Analog Input is not the highest numbered input to be converted,
DMA_ADC initiates data conversion in the next higher numbered ADC Analog Input.
Configuring DMA_ADC for Data Transfer
Follow these steps to configure and enable DMA_ADC:
1. Write the DMA_ADC Address register with the 7 most-significant bits of the Register
File address for data transfers.
2. Write to the DMA_ADC Control register to complete the following:
– Enable the DMA_ADC interrupt request, if desired
– Select the number of ADC Analog Inputs to convert
– Enable the DMA_ADC channel
Caution:
When using the DMA_ADC to perform conversions on multiple ADC inputs, the Analog-to-Digital Converter must be configured for SINGLESHOT mode. If the ADC_IN field in the DMA_ADC Control Register is
greater than 000b, the ADC must be in SINGLE-SHOT mode.
CONTINUOUS mode operation of the ADC can only be used in conjunction with DMA_ADC if the ADC_IN field in the DMA_ADC Control
Register is reset to 000b to enable conversion on ADC Analog Input 0
only.
DMA Control Register Definitions
DMAx Control Register
The DMAx Control register (Table 76) enables and selects the mode of operation for
DMAx.
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Table 76. DMAx Control Register (DMAxCTL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
DEN
DLE
DDIR
IRQEN
WSEL
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FB0H, FB8H
2
1
0
RSS
DEN—DMAx Enable
0 = DMAx is disabled and data transfer requests are disregarded.
1 = DMAx is enabled and initiates a data transfer upon receipt of a request from the trigger
source.
DLE—DMAx Loop Enable
0 = DMAx reloads the original Start Address and is then disabled after the End Address
data is transferred.
1 = DMAx, after the End Address data is transferred, reloads the original Start Address
and continues operating.
DDIR—DMAx Data Transfer Direction
0 = Register File → on-chip peripheral control register.
1 = on-chip peripheral control register → Register File.
IRQEN—DMAx Interrupt Enable
0 = DMAx does not generate any interrupts.
1 = DMAx generates an interrupt when the End Address data is transferred.
WSEL—Word Select
0 = DMAx transfers a single byte per request.
1 = DMAx transfers a two-byte word per request. The address for the on-chip peripheral
control register must be an even address.
RSS—Request Trigger Source Select
The Request Trigger Source Select field determines the peripheral that can initiate a DMA
transfer. The corresponding interrupts do not need to be enabled within the Interrupt Controller to initiate a DMA transfer. However, if the Request Trigger Source can enable or
disable the interrupt request sent to the Interrupt Controller, the interrupt request must be
enabled within the Request Trigger Source block.
000 = Timer 0.
001 = Timer 1.
010 = Timer 2.
011 = Timer 3.
100 = DMA0 Control register: UART0 Received Data register contains valid data. DMA1
Control register: UART0 Transmit Data register empty.
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101 = DMA0 Control register: UART1 Received Data register contains valid data. DMA1
Control register: UART1 Transmit Data register empty.
110 = DMA0 Control register: I2C Receiver Interrupt. DMA1 Control register: I2C Transmitter Interrupt register empty.
111 = Reserved.
DMAx I/O Address Register
The DMAx I/O Address register (Table 77) contains the low byte of the on-chip peripheral
address for data transfer. The full 12-bit Register File address is given by {FH,
DMAx_IO[7:0]}. When the DMA is configured for two-byte word transfers, the DMAx I/
O Address register must contain an even numbered address.
Table 77. DMAx I/O Address Register (DMAxIO)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
DMA_IO
RESET
X
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FB1H, FB9H
2
1
0
DMA_IO—DMA on-chip peripheral control register address
This byte sets the low byte of the on-chip peripheral control register address on Register
File Page FH (addresses F00H to FFFH).
DMAx Address High Nibble Register
The DMAx Address High register (Table 78) specifies the upper four bits of address for
the Start/Current and End Addresses of DMAx.
Table 78. DMAx Address High Nibble Register (DMAxH)
BITS
7
FIELD
6
5
4
3
DMA_END_H
1
0
DMA_START_H
RESET
X
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FB2H, FBAH
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DMA_END_H—DMAx End Address High Nibble
These bits, used with the DMAx End Address Low register, form a 12-bit End Address.
The full 12-bit address is given by {DMA_END_H[3:0], DMA_END[7:0]}.
DMA_START_H—DMAx Start/Current Address High Nibble
These bits, used with the DMAx Start/Current Address Low register, form a 12-bit Start/
Current Address. The full 12-bit address is given by {DMA_START_H[3:0],
DMA_START[7:0]}.
DMAx Start/Current Address Low Byte Register
The DMAx Start/Current Address Low register, in conjunction with the DMAx Address
High Nibble register, forms a 12-bit Start/Current Address. Writes to this register set the
Start Address for DMA operations. Each time the DMA completes a data transfer, the 12bit Start/Current Address increments by either 1 (single-byte transfer) or 2 (two-byte word
transfer). Reads from this register return the low byte of the Current Address to be used for
the next DMA data transfer.
Table 79. DMAx Start/Current Address Low Byte Register (DMAxSTART)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
DMA_START
RESET
X
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FB3H, FBBH
2
1
0
DMA_START—DMAx Start/Current Address Low
These bits, with the four lower bits of the DMAx_H register, form the 12-bit Start/Current
address. The full 12-bit address is given by {DMA_START_H[3:0], DMA_START[7:0]}.
DMAx End Address Low Byte Register
The DMAx End Address Low Byte register (Table 79), in conjunction with the DMAx_H
register (Table 80), forms a 12-bit End Address.
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Table 80. DMAx End Address Low Byte Register (DMAxEND)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
DMA_END
RESET
X
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FB4H, FBCH
2
1
0
DMA_END—DMAx End Address Low
These bits, with the four upper bits of the DMAx_H register, form a 12-bit address. This
address is the ending location of the DMAx transfer. The full 12-bit address is given by
{DMA_END_H[3:0], DMA_END[7:0]}.
DMA_ADC Address Register
The DMA_ADC Address register (Table 82) points to a block of the Register File to store
ADC conversion values as illustrated in Table 81. This register contains the seven mostsignificant bits of the 12-bit Register File addresses. The five least-significant bits are calculated from the ADC Analog Input number (5-bit base address is equal to twice the ADC
Analog Input number). The 10-bit ADC conversion data is stored as two bytes with the
most significant byte of the ADC data stored at the even numbered Register File address.
Table 81 provides an example of the Register File addresses if the DMA_ADC Address
register contains the value 72H.
Table 81. DMA_ADC Register File Address Example
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Register File Address (Hex)1
0
720H-721H
1
722H-723H
2
724H-725H
3
726H-727H
4
728H-729H
5
72AH-72BH
6
72CH-72DH
7
72EH-72FH
8
730H-731H
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Table 81. DMA_ADC Register File Address Example
1
ADC Analog Input
Register File Address (Hex)1
9
732H-733H
10
734H-735H
11
736H-737H
DMAA_ADDR set to 72H.
Table 82. DMA_ADC Address Register (DMAA_ADDR)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
DMAA_ADDR
RESET
X
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FBDH
2
1
0
Reserved
DMAA_ADDR—DMA_ADC Address
These bits specify the seven most-significant bits of the 12-bit Register File addresses
used for storing the ADC output data. The ADC Analog Input Number defines the five
least-significant bits of the Register File address. Full 12-bit address is
{DMAA_ADDR[7:1], 4-bit ADC Analog Input Number, 0}.
Reserved
This bit is reserved and must be 0.
DMA_ADC Control Register
The DMA_ADC Control register (Table 83) enables and sets options (DMA enable and
interrupt enable) for ADC operation.
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Table 83. DMA_ADC Control Register (DMAACTL)
BITS
7
6
FIELD
DAEN
IRQEN
5
4
3
Reserved
2
1
0
ADC_IN
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FBEH
DAEN—DMA_ADC Enable
0 = DMA_ADC is disabled and the ADC Analog Input Number (ADC_IN) is reset to 0.
1 = DMA_ADC is enabled.
IRQEN—Interrupt Enable
0 = DMA_ADC does not generate any interrupts.
1 = DMA_ADC generates an interrupt after transferring data from the last ADC Analog
Input specified by the ADC_IN field.
Reserved
These bits are reserved and must be 0.
ADC_IN—ADC Analog Input Number
These bits set the number of ADC Analog Inputs to be used in the continuous update (data
conversion followed by DMA data transfer). The conversion always begins with ADC
Analog Input 0 and then progresses sequentially through the other selected ADC Analog
Inputs.
0000 = ADC Analog Input 0 updated.
0001 = ADC Analog Inputs 0-1 updated.
0010 = ADC Analog Inputs 0-2 updated.
0011 = ADC Analog Inputs 0-3 updated.
0100 = ADC Analog Inputs 0-4 updated.
0101 = ADC Analog Inputs 0-5 updated.
0110 = ADC Analog Inputs 0-6 updated.
0111 = ADC Analog Inputs 0-7 updated.
1000 = ADC Analog Inputs 0-8 updated.
1001 = ADC Analog Inputs 0-9 updated.
1010 = ADC Analog Inputs 0-10 updated.
1011 = ADC Analog Inputs 0-11 updated.
1100-1111 = Reserved.
DMA Status Register
The DMA Status register (Table 84) indicates the DMA channel that generated the interrupt and the ADC Analog Input that is currently undergoing conversion. Reads from this
register reset the Interrupt Request Indicator bits (IRQA, IRQ1, and IRQ0) to 0. There-
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fore, software interrupt service routines that read this register must process all three interrupt sources from the DMA.
Table 84. DMA_ADC Status Register (DMAA_STAT)
BITS
7
6
5
4
CADC[3:0]
FIELD
3
2
1
0
Reserved
IRQA
IRQ1
IRQ0
RESET
0
R/W
R
ADDR
FBFH
CADC[3:0]—Current ADC Analog Input
This field identifies the Analog Input that the ADC is currently converting.
Reserved
This bit is reserved and must be 0.
IRQA—DMA_ADC Interrupt Request Indicator
This bit is automatically reset to 0 each time a read from this register occurs.
0 = DMA_ADC is not the source of the interrupt from the DMA Controller.
1 = DMA_ADC completed transfer of data from the last ADC Analog Input and generated
an interrupt.
IRQ1—DMA1 Interrupt Request Indicator
This bit is automatically reset to 0 each time a read from this register occurs.
0 = DMA1 is not the source of the interrupt from the DMA Controller.
1 = DMA1 completed transfer of data to/from the End Address and generated an interrupt.
IRQ0—DMA0 Interrupt Request Indicator
This bit is automatically reset to 0 each time a read from this register occurs.
0 = DMA0 is not the source of the interrupt from the DMA Controller.
1 = DMA0 completed transfer of data to/from the End Address and generated an interrupt.
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Analog-to-Digital Converter
Overview
The Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) converts an analog input signal to a 10-bit binary
number. The features of the sigma-delta ADC include:
•
•
•
•
12 analog input sources are multiplexed with general-purpose I/O ports
Interrupt upon conversion complete
Internal voltage reference generator
Direct Memory Access (DMA) controller can automatically initiate data conversion
and transfer of the data from 1 to 12 of the analog inputs
Architecture
Figure 34 illustrates the three major functional blocks (converter, analog multiplexer, and
voltage reference generator) of the ADC. The ADC converts an analog input signal to its
digital representation. The 12-input analog multiplexer selects one of the 12 analog input
sources. The ADC requires an input reference voltage for the conversion. The voltage reference for the conversion may be input through the external VREF pin or generated internally by the voltage reference generator.
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VREF
Internal Voltage
Reference Generator
Analog Input
Multiplexer
ANA0
ANA1
ANA2
Analog-to-Digital
Converter
ANA3
ANA4
ANA5
Reference Input
ANA6
ANA7
ANA8
Analog Input
ANA9
ANA10
ANA11
ANAIN[3:0]
Figure 34. Analog-to-Digital Converter Block Diagram
The sigma-delta ADC architecture provides alias and image attenuation below the amplitude resolution of the ADC in the frequency range of DC to one-half the ADC clock rate
(one-fourth the system clock rate). The ADC provides alias free conversion for frequencies up to one-half the ADC clock rate. Thus the sigma-delta ADC exhibits high noise
immunity making it ideal for embedded applications. In addition, monotonicity (no missing codes) is guaranteed by design.
Operation
Automatic Power-Down
If the ADC is idle (no conversions in progress) for 160 consecutive system clock cycles,
portions of the ADC are automatically powered-down. From this power-down state, the
ADC requires 40 system clock cycles to power-up. The ADC powers up when a conversion is requested using the ADC Control register.
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Single-Shot Conversion
When configured for single-shot conversion, the ADC performs a single analog-to-digital
conversion on the selected analog input channel. After completion of the conversion, the
ADC shuts down. The steps for setting up the ADC and initiating a single-shot conversion
are as follows:
1. Enable the desired analog inputs by configuring the general-purpose I/O pins for
alternate function. This configuration disables the digital input and output drivers.
2. Write to the ADC Control register to configure the ADC and begin the conversion.
The bit fields in the ADC Control register can be written simultaneously:
– Write to the ANAIN[3:0] field to select one of the 12 analog input sources.
– Clear CONT to 0 to select a single-shot conversion.
– Write to the VREF bit to enable or disable the internal voltage reference generator.
– Set CEN to 1 to start the conversion.
3. CEN remains 1 while the conversion is in progress. A single-shot conversion requires
5129 system clock cycles to complete. If a single-shot conversion is requested from an
ADC powered-down state, the ADC uses 40 additional clock cycles to power-up
before beginning the 5129 cycle conversion.
4. When the conversion is complete, the ADC control logic performs the following
operations:
– 10-bit data result written to {ADCD_H[7:0], ADCD_L[7:6]}.
– CEN resets to 0 to indicate the conversion is complete.
– An interrupt request is sent to the Interrupt Controller.
5. If the ADC remains idle for 160 consecutive system clock cycles, it is automatically
powered-down.
Continuous Conversion
When configured for continuous conversion, the ADC continuously performs an analogto-digital conversion on the selected analog input. Each new data value over-writes the
previous value stored in the ADC Data registers. An interrupt is generated after each conversion.
Caution:
In CONTINUOUS mode, users must be aware that ADC updates are limited by the input signal bandwidth of the ADC and the latency of the ADC
and its digital filter. Step changes at the input are not seen at the next output
from the ADC. The response of the ADC (in all modes) is limited by the
input signal bandwidth and the latency.
The steps for setting up the ADC and initiating continuous conversion are as follows:
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1. Enable the desired analog input by configuring the general-purpose I/O pins for
alternate function. This disables the digital input and output driver.
2. Write to the ADC Control register to configure the ADC for continuous conversion.
The bit fields in the ADC Control register may be written simultaneously:
– Write to the ANAIN[3:0] field to select one of the 12 analog input sources.
– Set CONT to 1 to select continuous conversion.
– Write to the VREF bit to enable or disable the internal voltage reference generator.
– Set CEN to 1 to start the conversions.
3. When the first conversion in continuous operation is complete (after 5129 system
clock cycles, plus the 40 cycles for power-up, if necessary), the ADC control logic
performs the following operations:
– CEN resets to 0 to indicate the first conversion is complete. CEN remains 0 for all
subsequent conversions in continuous operation.
– An interrupt request is sent to the Interrupt Controller to indicate the conversion is
complete.
4. Thereafter, the ADC writes a new 10-bit data result to {ADCD_H[7:0],
ADCD_L[7:6]} every 256 system clock cycles. An interrupt request is sent to the
Interrupt Controller when each conversion is complete.
5. To disable continuous conversion, clear the CONT bit in the ADC Control register
to 0.
DMA Control of the ADC
The Direct Memory Access (DMA) Controller can control operation of the ADC including analog input selection and conversion enable. For more information on the DMA and
configuring for ADC operations refer to the chapter Direct Memory Access Controller
on page 161.
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ADC Control Register Definitions
ADC Control Register
The ADC Control register selects the analog input channel and initiates the analog-to-digital conversion.
Table 85. ADC Control Register (ADCCTL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
FIELD
CEN
Reserved
VREF
CONT
0
RESET
3
2
1
0
ANAIN[3:0]
1
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
F70H
CEN—Conversion Enable
0 = Conversion is complete. Writing a 0 produces no effect. The ADC automatically clears
this bit to 0 when a conversion has been completed.
1 = Begin conversion. Writing a 1 to this bit starts a conversion. If a conversion is already
in progress, the conversion restarts. This bit remains 1 until the conversion is complete.
Reserved—Must be 0.
VREF
0 = Internal voltage reference generator enabled. The VREF pin should be left unconnected (or capacitively coupled to analog ground) if the internal voltage reference is
selected as the ADC reference voltage.
1 = Internal voltage reference generator disabled. An external voltage reference must be
provided through the VREF pin.
CONT
0 = Single-shot conversion. ADC data is output once at completion of the 5129 system
clock cycles.
1 = Continuous conversion. ADC data updated every 256 system clock cycles.
ANAIN—Analog Input Select
These bits select the analog input for conversion. Not all Port pins in this list are available
in all packages for the Z8F642x familyZ8R642x family of products. Refer to the Signal
and Pin Descriptions chapter for information regarding the Port pins available with each
package style. Do not enable unavailable analog inputs.
0000 = ANA0
0001 = ANA1
0010 = ANA2
0011 = ANA3
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0100 = ANA4
0101 = ANA5
0110 = ANA6
0111 = ANA7
1000 = ANA8
1001 = ANA9
1010 = ANA10
1011 = ANA11
11XX = Reserved.
ADC Data High Byte Register
The ADC Data High Byte register (Table 86) contains the upper eight bits of the 10-bit
ADC output. During a single-shot conversion, this value is invalid. Access to the ADC
Data High Byte register is read-only. The full 10-bit ADC result is given by
{ADCD_H[7:0], ADCD_L[7:6]}. Reading the ADC Data High Byte register latches data
in the ADC Low Bits register
.
Table 86. ADC Data High Byte Register (ADCD_H)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
ADCD_H
RESET
X
R/W
R
ADDR
F72H
2
1
0
ADCD_H—ADC Data High Byte
This byte contains the upper eight bits of the 10-bit ADC output. These bits are not valid
during a single-shot conversion. During a continuous conversion, the last conversion output is held in this register. These bits are undefined after a Reset.
ADC Data Low Bits Register
The ADC Data Low Bits register (Table 87) contains the lower two bits of the conversion
value. The data in the ADC Data Low Bits register is latched each time the ADC Data
High Byte register is read. Reading this register always returns the lower two bits of the
conversion last read into the ADC High Byte register. Access to the ADC Data Low Bits
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register is read-only. The full 10-bit ADC result is given by {ADCD_H[7:0],
ADCD_L[7:6]}.
Table 87. ADC Data Low Bits Register (ADCD_L)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
ADCD_L
FIELD
2
1
0
Reserved
RESET
X
R/W
R
ADDR
F73H
ADCD_L—ADC Data Low Bits
These are the least significant two bits of the 10-bit ADC output. These bits are undefined
after a Reset.
Reserved
These bits are reserved and are always undefined.
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Flash Memory
Overview
The products in the Z8 Encore!® 64K Series feature up to 64KB (65,536 bytes) of nonvolatile Flash memory with read/write/erase capability. The Flash memory can be programmed and erased in-circuit by either user code or through the On-Chip Debugger.
The Flash memory array is arranged in 512-byte per page. The 512-byte page is the minimum Flash block size that can be erased. The Flash memory is also divided into 8 sectors
which can be protected from programming and erase operations on a per sector basis.
Table 88 describes the Flash memory configuration for each device in the 64K Series.
Table 89 lists the sector address ranges. Figure 35 illustrates the Flash memory arrangement.
Table 88. Flash Memory Configurations
Flash Size
Number of
Pages
Flash Memory
Addresses
Sector Size
Number of
Sectors
Pages per
Sector
Z8F162x
16K (16,384)
32
0000H - 3FFFH
2K (2048)
8
4
Z8F242x
24K (24,576)
48
0000H - 5FFFH
4K (4096)
6
8
Z8F322x
32K (32,768)
64
0000H - 7FFFH
4K (4096)
8
8
Z8F482x
48K (49,152)
96
0000H - BFFFH
8K (8192)
6
16
Z8F642x
64K (65,536)
128
0000H - FFFFH
8K (8192)
8
16
Part Number
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Table 89. Flash Memory Sector Addresses
Flash Sector Address Ranges
Sector Number
Z8F162x
Z8F242x
Z8F322x
Z8F482x
Z8F642x
0
0000H-07FFH
0000H-0FFFH
0000H-0FFFH
0000H-1FFFH
0000H-1FFFH
1
0800H-0FFFH
1000H-1FFFH
1000H-1FFFH
2000H-3FFFH
2000H-3FFFH
2
1000H-17FFH
2000H-2FFFH
2000H-2FFFH
4000H-5FFFH
4000H-5FFFH
3
1800H-1FFFH
3000H-3FFFH
3000H-3FFFH
6000H-7FFFH
6000H-7FFFH
4
2000H-27FFH
4000H-4FFFH
4000H-4FFFH
8000H-9FFFH
8000H-9FFFH
5
2800H-2FFFH
5000H-5FFFH
5000H-5FFFH
A000H-BFFFH
A000H-BFFFH
6
3000H-37FFH
N/A
6000H-6FFFH
N/A
C000H-DFFFH
7
3800H-3FFFH
N/A
7000H-7FFFH
N/A
E000H-FFFFH
64KB Flash
Program Memory
Addresses
FFFFH
FE00H
FDFFH
FC00H
FBFFH
FA00H
128 Pages
512 Bytes per Page
05FFH
0400H
03FFH
0200H
01FFH
0000H
Figure 35. Flash Memory Arrangement
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Information Area
Table 90 describes the 64K Series Information Area. This 512-byte Information Area is
accessed by setting bit 7 of the Page Select Register to 1. When access is enabled, the
Information Area is mapped into Flash Memory and overlays the 512 bytes at addresses
FE00H to FFFFH. When the Information Area access is enabled, LDC instructions return
data from the Information Area. CPU instruction fetches always comes from Flash Memory regardless of the Information Area access bit. Access to the Information Area is readonly.
Table 90. 64K Series Information Area Map
Flash Memory Address (Hex)
Function
FE00H-FE3FH
Reserved
FE40H-FE53H
Part Number
20-character ASCII alphanumeric code
Left justified and filled with zeros
FE54H-FFFFH
Reserved
Operation
The Flash Controller provides the proper signals and timing for Byte Programming, Page
Erase, and Mass Erase of the Flash memory. The Flash Controller contains a protection
mechanism, via the Flash Control register (FCTL), to prevent accidental programming or
erasure. The following subsections provide details on the various operations (Lock,
Unlock, Sector Protect, Byte Programming, Page Erase, and Mass Erase).
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Timing Using the Flash Frequency Registers
Before performing a program or erase operation on the Flash memory, the user must first
configure the Flash Frequency High and Low Byte registers. The Flash Frequency registers allow programming and erasure of the Flash with system clock frequencies ranging
from 20kHz through 20MHz (the valid range is limited to the device operating frequencies).
The Flash Frequency High and Low Byte registers combine to form a 16-bit value,
FFREQ, to control timing for Flash program and erase operations. The 16-bit Flash Frequency value must contain the system clock frequency in KHz. This value is calculated
using the following equation:.
System Clock Frequency (Hz)
FFREQ[15:0] = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------1000
Caution:
Flash programming and erasure are not supported for system clock frequencies below 20KHz, above 20MHz, or outside of the device operating
frequency range. The Flash Frequency High and Low Byte registers must
be loaded with the correct value to insure proper Flash programming and
erase operations.
Flash Read Protection
The user code contained within the Flash memory can be protected from external access.
Programming the Flash Read Protect Option Bit prevents reading of user code by the OnChip Debugger or by using the Flash Controller Bypass mode. Refer to the Option Bits
chapter and the On-Chip Debugger chapter for more information.
Flash Write/Erase Protection
The 64K Series provides several levels of protection against accidental program and erasure of the Flash memory contents. This protection is provided by the Flash Controller
unlock mechanism, the Flash Sector Protect register, and the Flash Write Protect option
bit.
Flash Controller Unlock Mechanism
At Reset, the Flash Controller locks to prevent accidental program or erasure of the Flash
memory. To program or erase the Flash memory, the Flash controller must be unlocked.
After unlocking the Flash Controller, the Flash can be programmed or erased. Any value
written by user code to the Flash Control register or Page Select Register out of sequence
will lock the Flash Controller.
The proper steps to unlock the Flash Controller from user code are:
1. Write 00H to the Flash Control register to reset the Flash Controller.
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2. Write the page to be programmed or erased to the Page Select register.
3. Write the first unlock command 73H to the Flash Control register.
4. Write the second unlock command 8CH to the Flash Control register.
5. Re-write the page written in step 2 to the Page Select register.
Flash Sector Protection
The Flash Sector Protect register can be configured to prevent sectors from being programmed or erased. Once a sector is protected, it cannot be unprotected by user code. The
Flash Sector Protect register is cleared after reset and any previously written protection
values is lost. User code must write this register in their initialization routine if they want
to enable sector protection.
The Flash Sector Protect register shares its Register File address with the Page Select register. The Flash Sector Protect register is accessed by writing the Flash Control register
with 5EH. Once the Flash Sector Protect register is selected, it can be accessed at the Page
Select Register address. When user code writes the Flash Sector Protect register, bits can
only be set to 1. Thus, sectors can be protected, but not unprotected, via register write
operations. Writing a value other than 5EH to the Flash Control register de-selects the
Flash Sector Protect register and re-enables access to the Page Select register.
The steps to setup the Flash Sector Protect register from user code are:
1. Write 00H to the Flash Control register to reset the Flash Controller.
2. Write 5EH to the Flash Control register to select the Flash Sector Protect register.
3. Read and/or write the Flash Sector Protect register which is now at Register File
address FF9H.
4. Write 00H to the Flash Control register to return the Flash Controller to its reset state.
Flash Write Protection Option Bit
The Flash Write Protect option bit can be enabled to block all program and erase operations from user code. Refer to the Option Bits chapter for more information.
Byte Programming
When the Flash Controller is unlocked, writes to Flash Memory from user code will program a byte into the Flash if the address is located in the unlocked page. An erased Flash
byte contains all ones (FFH). The programming operation can only be used to change bits
from one to zero. To change a Flash bit (or multiple bits) from zero to one requires a Page
Erase or Mass Erase operation.
Byte Programming can be accomplished using the eZ8 CPU’s LDC or LDCI instructions.
Refer to the eZ8 CPU User Manual for a description of the LDC and LDCI instructions.
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While the Flash Controller programs the Flash memory, the eZ8 CPU idles but the system
clock and on-chip peripherals continue to operate. Interrupts that occur when a Programming operation is in progress are serviced once the Programming operation is complete.
To exit Programming mode and lock the Flash Controller, write 00H to the Flash Control
register.
User code cannot program Flash Memory on a page that lies in a protected sector. When
user code writes memory locations, only addresses located in the unlocked page are programmed. Memory writes outside of the unlocked page are ignored.
Caution:
Each memory location must not be programmed more than twice before an
erase occurs.
The proper steps to program the Flash from user code are:
1. Write 00H to the Flash Control register to reset the Flash Controller.
2. Write the page of memory to be programmed to the Page Select register.
3. Write the first unlock command 73H to the Flash Control register.
4. Write the second unlock command 8CH to the Flash Control register.
5. Re-write the page written in step 2 to the Page Select register.
6. Write Flash Memory using LDC or LDCI instructions to program the Flash.
7. Repeat step 6 to program additional memory locations on the same page.
8. Write 00H to the Flash Control register to lock the Flash Controller.
Page Erase
The Flash memory can be erased one page (512 bytes) at a time. Page Erasing the Flash
memory sets all bytes in that page to the value FFH. The Page Select register identifies the
page to be erased. While the Flash Controller executes the Page Erase operation, the eZ8
CPU idles but the system clock and on-chip peripherals continue to operate. The eZ8 CPU
resumes operation after the Page Erase operation completes. Interrupts that occur when
the Page Erase operation is in progress are serviced once the Page Erase operation is complete. When the Page Erase operation is complete, the Flash Controller returns to its
locked state. Only pages located in unprotected sectors can be erased.
The proper steps to perform a Page Erase operation are:
1. Write 00H to the Flash Control register to reset the Flash Controller.
2. Write the page to be erased to the Page Select register.
3. Write the first unlock command 73H to the Flash Control register.
4. Write the second unlock command 8CH to the Flash Control register.
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5. Re-write the page written in step 2 to the Page Select register.
6. Write the Page Erase command 95H to the Flash Control register.
Mass Erase
The Flash memory cannot be Mass Erased by user code.
Flash Controller Bypass
The Flash Controller can be bypassed and the control signals for the Flash memory
brought out to the GPIO pins. Bypassing the Flash Controller allows faster Programming
algorithms by controlling the Flash programming signals directly.
Flash Controller Bypass is recommended for gang programming applications and large
volume customers who do not require in-circuit programming of the Flash memory.
Refer to the document entitled Third-Party Flash Programming Support for Z8 Encore!®
for more information on bypassing the Flash Controller. This document is available for
download at www.zilog.com.
Flash Controller Behavior in Debug Mode
The following changes in behavior of the Flash Controller occur when the Flash Controller is accessed using the On-Chip Debugger:
•
•
•
The Flash Write Protect option bit is ignored.
•
•
Bits in the Flash Sector Protect register can be written to one or zero.
•
•
The Page Select register can be written when the Flash Controller is unlocked.
Caution:
For security reasons, flash controller allows only a single page to be
opened for write/erase. When writing multiple flash pages, the flash controller must go through the unlock sequence again to select another page.
PS019915-1005
The Flash Sector Protect register is ignored for programming and erase operations.
Programming operations are not limited to the page selected in the Page Select
register.
The second write of the Page Select register to unlock the Flash Controller is not
necessary.
The Mass Erase command is enabled through the Flash Control register.
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Flash Control Register Definitions
Flash Control Register
The Flash Control register (Table 91) unlocks the Flash Controller for programming and
erase operations, or to select the Flash Sector Protect register.
The Write-only Flash Control Register shares its Register File address with the Read-only
Flash Status Register.
Table 91. Flash Control Register (FCTL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
FCMD
RESET
0
R/W
W
ADDR
FF8H
2
1
0
FCMD—Flash Command
73H = First unlock command.
8CH = Second unlock command.
95H = Page erase command.
63H = Mass erase command
5EH = Flash Sector Protect register select.
* All other commands, or any command out of sequence, lock the Flash Controller.
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Flash Status Register
The Flash Status register (Table 92) indicates the current state of the Flash Controller. This
register can be read at any time. The Read-only Flash Status Register shares its Register
File address with the Write-only Flash Control Register.
Table 92. Flash Status Register (FSTAT)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
Reserved
FIELD
2
1
0
FSTAT
RESET
0
R/W
R
ADDR
FF8H
Reserved
These bits are reserved and must be 0.
FSTAT—Flash Controller Status
00_0000 = Flash Controller locked
00_0001 = First unlock command received
00_0010 = Second unlock command received
00_0011 = Flash Controller unlocked
00_0100 = Flash Sector Protect register selected
00_1xxx = Program operation in progress
01_0xxx = Page erase operation in progress
10_0xxx = Mass erase operation in progress
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Page Select Register
The Page Select (FPS) register (Table 93) selects one of the 128 available Flash memory
pages to be erased or programmed. Each Flash Page contains 512 bytes of Flash memory.
During a Page Erase operation, all Flash memory locations with the 7 most significant bits
of the address given by the PAGE field are erased to FFH.
The Page Select register shares its Register File address with the Flash Sector Protect Register. The Page Select register cannot be accessed when the Flash Sector Protect register is
enabled.
Table 93. Page Select Register (FPS)
BITS
7
FIELD
INFO_EN
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PAGE
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FF9H
INFO_EN—Information Area Enable
0 = Information Area is not selected.
1 = Information Area is selected. The Information area is mapped into the Flash Memory
address space at addresses FE00H through FFFFH.
PAGE—Page Select
This 7-bit field selects the Flash memory page for Programming and Page Erase operations. Flash Memory Address[15:9] = PAGE[6:0].
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Flash Sector Protect Register
The Flash Sector Protect register (Table 94) protects Flash memory sectors from being
programmed or erased from user code. The Flash Sector Protect register shares its Register File address with the Page Select register. The Flash Sector protect register can be
accessed only after writing the Flash Control register with 5EH.
User code can only write bits in this register to 1 (bits cannot be cleared to 0 by user code).
Table 94. Flash Sector Protect Register (FPROT)
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FIELD
SECT7
SECT6
SECT5
SECT4
SECT3
SECT2
SECT1
SECT0
RESET
0
R/W
R/W1
ADDR
FF9H
R/W1 = Register is accessible for Read operations. Register can be written to 1 only (via user code).
SECTn—Sector Protect
0 = Sector n can be programmed or erased from user code.
1 = Sector n is protected and cannot be programmed or erased from user code.
* User code can only write bits from 0 to 1.
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Flash Frequency High and Low Byte Registers
The Flash Frequency High and Low Byte registers (Tables 95 and 96) combine to form a
16-bit value, FFREQ, to control timing for Flash program and erase operations. The 16-bit
Flash Frequency registers must be written with the system clock frequency in KHz for
Program and Erase operations. Calculate the Flash Frequency value using the following
equation:
System Clock Frequency
FFREQ[15:0] = { FFREQH[7:0],FFREQL[7:0] } = --------------------------------------------------------------1000
Caution:
Flash programming and erasure is not supported for system clock frequencies below 20KHz, above 20MHz, or outside of the valid operating frequency range for the device. The Flash Frequency High and Low Byte
registers must be loaded with the correct value to insure proper program
and erase times.
Table 95. Flash Frequency High Byte Register (FFREQH)
BITS
7
6
5
4
FIELD
FFREQH
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FFAH
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
Table 96. Flash Frequency Low Byte Register (FFREQL)
BITS
7
6
5
4
FIELD
FFREQL
RESET
0
R/W
R/W
ADDR
FFBH
FFREQH and FFREQL—Flash Frequency High and Low Bytes
These 2 bytes, {FFREQH[7:0], FFREQL[7:0]}, contain the 16-bit Flash Frequency value.
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Option Bits
Overview
Option Bits allow user configuration of certain aspects of the 64K Series operation. The
feature configuration data is stored in the Flash Memory and read during Reset. The features available for control via the Option Bits are:
•
•
•
•
Watch-Dog Timer time-out response selection–interrupt or Reset.
•
Voltage Brown-Out configuration-always enabled or disabled during STOP mode to
reduce STOP mode power consumption.
•
Oscillator mode selection-for high, medium, and low power crystal oscillators, or
external RC oscillator.
Watch-Dog Timer enabled at Reset.
The ability to prevent unwanted read access to user code in Flash Memory.
The ability to prevent accidental programming and erasure of the user code in Flash
Memory.
Operation
Option Bit Configuration By Reset
Each time the Option Bits are programmed or erased, the device must be Reset for the
change to take place. During any reset operation (System Reset, Reset, or STOP Mode
Recovery), the Option Bits are automatically read from the Flash Memory and written to
Option Configuration registers. The Option Configuration registers control operation of
the devices within the 64K Series. Option Bit control is established before the device exits
Reset and the eZ8 CPU begins code execution. The Option Configuration registers are not
part of the Register File and are not accessible for read or write access.
Option Bit Address Space
The first two bytes of Flash Memory at addresses 0000H (Table 97) and 0001H (Table 98)
are reserved for the user Option Bits. The byte at Flash Memory address 0000H configures
user options. The byte at Flash Memory address 0001H is reserved for future use and must
remain unprogrammed.
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191
Flash Memory Address 0000H
Table 97. Flash Option Bits At Flash Memory Address 0000H
BITS
7
6
FIELD WDT_RES WDT_AO
5
4
OSC_SEL[1:0]
3
2
1
0
VBO_AO
RP
Reserved
FWP
RESET
U
R/W
R/W
ADDR
Program Memory 0000H
Note: U = Unchanged by Reset. R/W = Read/Write.
WDT_RES—Watch-Dog Timer Reset
0 = Watch-Dog Timer time-out generates an interrupt request. Interrupts must be globally
enabled for the eZ8 CPU to acknowledge the interrupt request.
1 = Watch-Dog Timer time-out causes a Short Reset. This setting is the default for unprogrammed (erased) Flash.
WDT_AO—Watch-Dog Timer Always On
0 = Watch-Dog Timer is automatically enabled upon application of system power. WatchDog Timer can not be disabled except during STOP Mode (if configured to power down
during STOP Mode).
1 = Watch-Dog Timer is enabled upon execution of the WDT instruction. Once enabled,
the Watch-Dog Timer can only be disabled by a Reset or STOP Mode Recovery. This setting is the default for unprogrammed (erased) Flash.
OSC_SEL[1:0]—Oscillator Mode Selection
00 = On-chip oscillator configured for use with external RC networks (<4MHz).
01 = Minimum power for use with very low frequency crystals (32KHz to 1.0MHz).
10 = Medium power for use with medium frequency crystals or ceramic resonators
(0.5MHz to 10.0MHz).
11 = Maximum power for use with high frequency crystals (8.0MHz to 20.0MHz). This
setting is the default for unprogrammed (erased) Flash.
VBO_AO—Voltage Brown-Out Protection Always On
0 = Voltage Brown-Out Protection is disabled in STOP mode to reduce total power consumption.
1 = Voltage Brown-Out Protection is always enabled including during STOP mode. This
setting is the default for unprogrammed (erased) Flash.
RP—Read Protect
0 = User program code is inaccessible. Limited control features are available through the
On-Chip Debugger.
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1 = User program code is accessible. All On-Chip Debugger commands are enabled. This
setting is the default for unprogrammed (erased) Flash.
Reserved
These Option Bits are reserved for future use and must always be 1.This setting is the
default for unprogrammed (erased) Flash.
FWP—Flash Write Protect (Flash version only)
FWP
Description
0
Programming, Page Erase, and Mass Erase through User Code is disabled. Mass Erase
is available through the On-Chip Debugger.
1
Programming, and Page Erase are enabled for all of Flash Program Memory.
Flash Memory Address 0001H
Table 98. Options Bits at Flash Memory Address 0001H
BITS
7
6
5
4
3
FIELD
Reserved
RESET
U
R/W
R/W
ADDR
Program Memory 0001H
2
1
0
Note: U = Unchanged by Reset. R = Read-Only. R/W = Read/Write.
Reserved
These Option Bits are reserved for future use and must always be 1. This setting is the
default for unprogrammed (erased) Flash.
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On-Chip Debugger
Overview
The 64K Series products contain an integrated On-Chip Debugger (OCD) that provides
advanced debugging features including:
•
•
•
•
Reading and writing of the Register File
Reading and writing of Program and Data Memory
Setting of Breakpoints
Execution of eZ8 CPU instructions
Architecture
The On-Chip Debugger consists of four primary functional blocks: transmitter, receiver,
auto-baud generator, and debug controller. Figure 36 illustrates the architecture of the OnChip Debugger
System
Clock
Auto-Baud
Detector/Generator
eZ8 CPU
Control
Transmitter
Debug Controller
DBG
Pin
Receiver
Figure 36. On-Chip Debugger Block Diagram
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Operation
OCD Interface
The On-Chip Debugger uses the DBG pin for communication with an external host. This
one-pin interface is a bi-directional open-drain interface that transmits and receives data.
Data transmission is half-duplex, in that transmit and receive cannot occur simultaneously.
The serial data on the DBG pin is sent using the standard asynchronous data format
defined in RS-232. This pin can interface the 64K Series products to the serial port of a
host PC using minimal external hardware.Two different methods for connecting the DBG
pin to an RS-232 interface are depicted in Figures 37 and 38.
Caution:
For operation of the On-Chip Debugger, all power pins (VDD and AVDD)
must be supplied with power, and all ground pins (VSS and AVSS) must be
properly grounded.
The DBG pin is open-drain and must always be connected to VDD through
an external pull-up resistor to ensure proper operation.
VDD
RS-232
Transceiver
10K Ohm
Diode
RS-232 TX
DBG Pin
RS-232 RX
Figure 37. Interfacing the On-Chip Debugger’s DBG Pin with an RS-232 Interface (1)
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VDD
RS-232
Transceiver
RS-232 TX
Open-Drain
Buffer
10K Ohm
DBG Pin
RS-232 RX
Figure 38. Interfacing the On-Chip Debugger’s DBG Pin with an RS-232 Interface (2)
Debug Mode
The operating characteristics of the 64K Series devices in DEBUG mode are:
•
The eZ8 CPU fetch unit stops, idling the eZ8 CPU, unless directed by the OCD to
execute specific instructions.
•
•
•
•
The system clock operates unless in STOP mode.
All enabled on-chip peripherals operate unless in STOP mode.
Automatically exits HALT mode.
Constantly refreshes the Watch-Dog Timer, if enabled.
Entering Debug Mode
The device enters DEBUG mode following any of the following operations:
•
•
•
Writing the DBGMODE bit in the OCD Control Register to 1 using the OCD interface.
eZ8 CPU execution of a BRK (Breakpoint) instruction (when enabled).
If the DBG pin is Low when the device exits Reset, the On-Chip Debugger
automatically puts the device into DEBUG mode.
Exiting Debug Mode
The device exits DEBUG mode following any of the following operations:
•
•
•
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Clearing the DBGMODE bit in the OCD Control Register to 0.
Power-on reset
Voltage Brown Out reset
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•
•
Asserting the RESET pin Low to initiate a Reset.
Driving the DBG pin Low while the device is in STOP mode initiates a System Reset.
OCD Data Format
The OCD interface uses the asynchronous data format defined for RS-232. Each character
is transmitted as 1 Start bit, 8 data bits (least-significant bit first), and 1 Stop bit
(Figure 39).
START
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
STOP
Figure 39. OCD Data Format
OCD Auto-Baud Detector/Generator
To run over a range of baud rates (bits per second) with various system clock frequencies,
the On-Chip Debugger has an Auto-Baud Detector/Generator. After a reset, the OCD is
idle until it receives data. The OCD requires that the first character sent from the host is
the character 80H. The character 80H has eight continuous bits Low (one Start bit plus 7
data bits). The Auto-Baud Detector measures this period and sets the OCD Baud Rate
Generator accordingly.
The Auto-Baud Detector/Generator is clocked by the system clock. The minimum baud
rate is the system clock frequency divided by 512. For optimal operation, the maximum
recommended baud rate is the system clock frequency divided by 8. The theoretical maximum baud rate is the system clock frequency divided by 4. This theoretical maximum is
possible for low noise designs with clean signals. Table 99 lists minimum and recommended maximum baud rates for sample crystal frequencies.
Table 99. OCD Baud-Rate Limits
System Clock Frequency
(MHz)
Recommended Maximum Baud Rate
(kbits/s)
Minimum Baud Rate
(kbits/s)
20.0
2500
39.1
1.0
125.0
1.96
0.032768 (32KHz)
4.096
0.064
If the OCD receives a Serial Break (nine or more continuous bits Low) the Auto-Baud
Detector/Generator resets. The Auto-Baud Detector/Generator can then be reconfigured
by sending 80H.
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OCD Serial Errors
The On-Chip Debugger can detect any of the following error conditions on the DBG pin:
•
•
•
Serial Break (a minimum of nine continuous bits Low)
Framing Error (received Stop bit is Low)
Transmit Collision (OCD and host simultaneous transmission detected by the OCD)
When the OCD detects one of these errors, it aborts any command currently in progress,
transmits a Serial Break 4096 system clock cycles long back to the host, and resets the
Auto-Baud Detector/Generator. A Framing Error or Transmit Collision may be caused by
the host sending a Serial Break to the OCD. Because of the open-drain nature of the interface, returning a Serial Break break back to the host only extends the length of the Serial
Break if the host releases the Serial Break early.
The host transmits a Serial Break on the DBG pin when first connecting to the 64K Series
devices or when recovering from an error. A Serial Break from the host resets the AutoBaud Generator/Detector but does not reset the OCD Control register. A Serial Break
leaves the device in DEBUG mode if that is the current mode. The OCD is held in Reset
until the end of the Serial Break when the DBG pin returns High. Because of the opendrain nature of the DBG pin, the host can send a Serial Break to the OCD even if the OCD
is transmitting a character.
Breakpoints
Execution Breakpoints are generated using the BRK instruction (opcode 00H). When the
eZ8 CPU decodes a BRK instruction, it signals the On-Chip Debugger. If Breakpoints are
enabled, the OCD idles the eZ8 CPU and enters DEBUG mode. If Breakpoints are not
enabled, the OCD ignores the BRK signal and the BRK instruction operates as an NOP.
If breakpoints are enabled, the OCD can be configured to automatically enter DEBUG
mode, or to loop on the break instruction. If the OCD is configured to loop on the BRK
instruction, then the CPU is still enabled to service DMA and interrupt requests.
The loop on BRK instruction can be used to service interrupts in the background. For
interrupts to be serviced in the background, there cannot be any breakpoints in the interrupt service routine. Otherwise, the CPU stops on the breakpoint in the interrupt routine.
For interrupts to be serviced in the background, interrupts must also be enabled. Debugging software should not automatically enable interrupts when using this feature, since
interrupts are typically disabled during critical sections of code where interrupts should
not occur (such as adjusting the stack pointer or modifying shared data).
Software can poll the IDLE bit of the OCDSTAT register to determine if the OCD is looping on a BRK instruction. When software wants to stop the CPU on the BRK instruction it
is looping on, software should not set the DBGMODE bit of the OCDCTL register. The
CPU may have vectored to and be in the middle of an interrupt service routine when this
bit gets set. Instead, software must clear the BRKLP bit. This action allows the CPU to
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finish the interrupt service routine it may be in and return the BRK instruction. When the
CPU returns to the BRK instruction it was previously looping on, it automatically sets the
DBGMODE bit and enter DEBUG mode.
Software detects that the majority of the OCD commands are still disabled when the eZ8
CPU is looping on a BRK instruction. The eZ8 CPU must be stopped and the part must be
in DEBUG mode before these commands can be issued.
Breakpoints in Flash Memory
The BRK instruction is opcode 00H, which corresponds to the fully programmed state of a
byte in Flash memory. To implement a Breakpoint, write 00H to the desired address, overwriting the current instruction. To remove a Breakpoint, the corresponding page of Flash
memory must be erased and reprogrammed with the original data.
On-Chip Debugger Commands
The host communicates to the On-Chip Debugger by sending OCD commands using the
DBG interface. During normal operation, only a subset of the OCD commands are available. In DEBUG mode, all OCD commands become available unless the user code and
control registers are protected by programming the Read Protect Option Bit (RP). The
Read Protect Option Bit prevents the code in memory from being read out of the 64K
Series products. When this option is enabled, several of the OCD commands are disabled.
Table 100 contains a summary of the On-Chip Debugger commands. Each OCD command is described in further detail in the bulleted list following Table 100. Table 100 indicates those commands that operate when the device is not in DEBUG mode (normal
operation) and those commands that are disabled by programming the Read Protect
Option Bit.
Table 100. On-Chip Debugger Commands
Command Byte
Enabled when NOT
in DEBUG mode?
Disabled by
Read Protect Option Bit
Read OCD Revision
00H
Yes
-
Read OCD Status Register
02H
Yes
-
Read Runtime Counter
03H
-
-
Write OCD Control Register
04H
Yes
Cannot clear DBGMODE bit
Read OCD Control Register
05H
Yes
-
Write Program Counter
06H
-
Disabled
Read Program Counter
07H
-
Disabled
Debug Command
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Table 100. On-Chip Debugger Commands (Continued)
Command Byte
Enabled when NOT
in DEBUG mode?
Disabled by
Read Protect Option Bit
Write Register
08H
-
Only writes of the Flash Memory Control
registers are allowed. Additionally, only the
Mass Erase command is allowed to be
written to the Flash Control register.
Read Register
09H
-
Disabled-
Write Program Memory
0AH
-
Disabled
Read Program Memory
0BH
-
Disabled
Write Data Memory
0CH
-
Disabled
Read Data Memory
0DH
-
Disabled
Read Program Memory CRC
0EH
-
-
Reserved
0FH
-
-
Step Instruction
10H
-
Disabled
Stuff Instruction
11H
-
Disabled
Execute Instruction
12H
-
Disabled
13H - FFH
-
-
Debug Command
Reserved
In the following bulleted list of OCD Commands, data and commands sent from the host
to the On-Chip Debugger are identified by ’DBG ← Command/Data’. Data sent from the
On-Chip Debugger back to the host is identified by ’DBG → Data’
•
Read OCD Revision (00H)—The Read OCD Revision command determines the
version of the On-Chip Debugger. If OCD commands are added, removed, or
changed, this revision number changes.
DBG ← 00H
DBG → OCDREV[15:8] (Major revision number)
DBG → OCDREV[7:0] (Minor revision number)
•
Read OCD Status Register (02H)—The Read OCD Status Register command reads
the OCDSTAT register.
DBG ← 02H
DBG → OCDSTAT[7:0]
•
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Write OCD Control Register (04H)—The Write OCD Control Register command
writes the data that follows to the OCDCTL register. When the Read Protect Option
Bit is enabled, the DBGMODE bit (OCDCTL[7]) can only be set to 1, it cannot be
cleared to 0 and the only method of putting the device back into normal operating
mode is to reset the device.
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DBG ← 04H
DBG ← OCDCTL[7:0]
•
Read OCD Control Register (05H)—The Read OCD Control Register command
reads the value of the OCDCTL register.
DBG ← 05H
DBG → OCDCTL[7:0]
•
Write Program Counter (06H)—The Write Program Counter command writes the
data that follows to the eZ8 CPU’s Program Counter (PC). If the device is not in
DEBUG mode or if the Read Protect Option Bit is enabled, the Program Counter (PC)
values are discarded.
DBG ← 06H
DBG ← ProgramCounter[15:8]
DBG ← ProgramCounter[7:0]
•
Read Program Counter (07H)—The Read Program Counter command reads the
value in the eZ8 CPU’s Program Counter (PC). If the device is not in DEBUG mode
or if the Read Protect Option Bit is enabled, this command returns FFFFH.
DBG ← 07H
DBG → ProgramCounter[15:8]
DBG → ProgramCounter[7:0]
•
Write Register (08H)—The Write Register command writes data to the Register File.
Data can be written 1-256 bytes at a time (256 bytes can be written by setting size to
zero). If the device is not in DEBUG mode, the address and data values are discarded.
If the Read Protect Option Bit is enabled, then only writes to the Flash Control
Registers are allowed and all other register write data values are discarded.
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
•
PS019915-1005
08H
{4’h0,Register Address[11:8]}
Register Address[7:0]
Size[7:0]
1-256 data bytes
Read Register (09H)—The Read Register command reads data from the Register
File. Data can be read 1-256 bytes at a time (256 bytes can be read by setting size to
zero). If the device is not in DEBUG mode or if the Read Protect Option Bit is
enabled, this command returns FFH for all the data values.
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
•
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
→
09H
{4’h0,Register Address[11:8]
Register Address[7:0]
Size[7:0]
1-256 data bytes
Write Program Memory (0AH)—The Write Program Memory command writes data
to Program Memory. This command is equivalent to the LDC and LDCI instructions.
Data can be written 1-65536 bytes at a time (65536 bytes can be written by setting size
to zero). The on-chip Flash Controller must be written to and unlocked for the
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programming operation to occur. If the Flash Controller is not unlocked, the data is
discarded. If the device is not in DEBUG mode or if the Read Protect Option Bit is
enabled, the data is discarded.
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
•
PS019915-1005
0BH
Program Memory Address[15:8]
Program Memory Address[7:0]
Size[15:8]
Size[7:0]
1-65536 data bytes
←
←
←
←
←
←
0CH
Data Memory Address[15:8]
Data Memory Address[7:0]
Size[15:8]
Size[7:0]
1-65536 data bytes
Read Data Memory (0DH)—The Read Data Memory command reads from Data
Memory. This command is equivalent to the LDE and LDEI instructions. Data can be
read 1-65536 bytes at a time (65536 bytes can be read by setting size to zero). If the
device is not in DEBUG mode, this command returns FFH for the data.
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
•
←
←
←
←
←
→
Write Data Memory (0CH)—The Write Data Memory command writes data to Data
Memory. This command is equivalent to the LDE and LDEI instructions. Data can be
written 1-65536 bytes at a time (65536 bytes can be written by setting size to zero). If
the device is not in DEBUG mode or if the Read Protect Option Bit is enabled, the
data is discarded.
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
•
0AH
Program Memory Address[15:8]
Program Memory Address[7:0]
Size[15:8]
Size[7:0]
1-65536 data bytes
Read Program Memory (0BH)—The Read Program Memory command reads data
from Program Memory. This command is equivalent to the LDC and LDCI
instructions. Data can be read 1-65536 bytes at a time (65536 bytes can be read by
setting size to zero). If the device is not in DEBUG mode or if the Read Protect Option
Bit is enabled, this command returns FFH for the data.
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
DBG
•
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
←
→
0DH
Data Memory Address[15:8]
Data Memory Address[7:0]
Size[15:8]
Size[7:0]
1-65536 data bytes
Read Program Memory CRC (0EH)—The Read Program Memory CRC command
computes and returns the CRC (cyclic redundancy check) of Program Memory using
On-Chip Debugger
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
202
the 16-bit CRC-CCITT polynomial. If the device is not in DEBUG mode, this
command returns FFFFH for the CRC value. Unlike most other OCD Read
commands, there is a delay from issuing of the command until the OCD returns the
data. The OCD reads the Program Memory, calculates the CRC value, and returns the
result. The delay is a function of the Program Memory size and is approximately equal
to the system clock period multiplied by the number of bytes in the Program Memory.
DBG ← 0EH
DBG → CRC[15:8]
DBG → CRC[7:0]
•
Step Instruction (10H)—The Step Instruction command steps one assembly
instruction at the current Program Counter (PC) location. If the device is not in
DEBUG mode or the Read Protect Option Bit is enabled, the OCD ignores this
command.
DBG ← 10H
•
Stuff Instruction (11H)—The Stuff Instruction command steps one assembly
instruction and allows specification of the first byte of the instruction. The remaining
0-4 bytes of the instruction are read from Program Memory. This command is useful
for stepping over instructions where the first byte of the instruction has been
overwritten by a Breakpoint. If the device is not in DEBUG mode or the Read Protect
Option Bit is enabled, the OCD ignores this command.
DBG ← 11H
DBG ← opcode[7:0]
•
Execute Instruction (12H)—The Execute Instruction command allows sending an
entire instruction to be executed to the eZ8 CPU. This command can also step over
Breakpoints. The number of bytes to send for the instruction depends on the opcode. If
the device is not in DEBUG mode or the Read Protect Option Bit is enabled, the OCD
ignores this command
DBG ← 12H
DBG ← 1-5 byte opcode
On-Chip Debugger Control Register Definitions
OCD Control Register
The OCD Control register (Table 101) controls the state of the On-Chip Debugger. This
register enters or exits DEBUG mode and enables the BRK instruction. It can also reset
the Z8F642x familyZ8R642x family device.
PS019915-1005
On-Chip Debugger
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
203
A “reset and stop” function can be achieved by writing 81H to this register. A “reset and
go” function can be achieved by writing 41H to this register. If the device is in DEBUG
mode, a “run” function can be implemented by writing 40H to this register.
Table 101. OCD Control Register (OCDCTL)
BITS
7
FIELD DBGMODE
6
BRKEN
5
4
3
2
DBGACK BRKLOOP
1
0
Reserved
RST
0
RESET
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
DBGMODE—Debug Mode
Setting this bit to 1 causes the device to enter DEBUG mode. When in DEBUG mode, the
eZ8 CPU stops fetching new instructions. Clearing this bit causes the eZ8 CPU to start
running again. This bit is automatically set when a BRK instruction is decoded and Breakpoints are enabled. If the Read Protect Option Bit is enabled, this bit can only be cleared
by resetting the device, it cannot be written to 0.
0 = The 64K Series device is operating in Normal mode.
1 = The 64K Series device is in DEBUG mode.
BRKEN—Breakpoint Enable
This bit controls the behavior of the BRK instruction (opcode 00H). By default, Breakpoints are disabled and the BRK instruction behaves like a NOP. If this bit is set to 1 and a
BRK instruction is decoded, the OCD takes action dependent upon the BRKLOOP bit.
0 = BRK instruction is disabled.
1 = BRK instruction is enabled.
DBGACK—Debug Acknowledge
This bit enables the debug acknowledge feature. If this bit is set to 1, then the OCD sends
an Debug Acknowledge character (FFH) to the host when a Breakpoint occurs.
0 = Debug Acknowledge is disabled.
1 = Debug Acknowledge is enabled.
BRKLOOP—Breakpoint Loop
This bit determines what action the OCD takes when a BRK instruction is decoded if
breakpoints are enabled (BRKEN is 1). If this bit is 0, then the DBGMODE bit is automatically set to 1 and the OCD entered DEBUG mode. If BRKLOOP is set to 1, then the eZ8
CPU loops on the BRK instruction.
0 = BRK instruction sets DBGMODE to 1.
1 = eZ8 CPU loops on BRK instruction.
Reserved
These bits are reserved and must be 0.
PS019915-1005
On-Chip Debugger
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
204
RST—Reset
Setting this bit to 1 resets the 64K Series devices. The devices go through a normal PowerOn Reset sequence with the exception that the On-Chip Debugger is not reset. This bit is
automatically cleared to 0 when the reset finishes.
0 = No effect
1 = Reset the 64K Series device
OCD Status Register
The OCD Status register (Table 102) reports status information about the current state of
the debugger and the system.
Table 102. OCD Status Register (OCDSTAT)
BITS
7
6
5
FIELD
IDLE
HALT
RPEN
4
3
2
1
0
Reserved
RESET
0
R/W
R
IDLE—CPU idling
This bit is set if the part is in DEBUG mode (DBGMODE is 1), or if a BRK instruction
occurred since the last time OCDCTL was written. This can be used to determine if the
CPU is running or if it is idling.
0 = The eZ8 CPU is running.
1 = The eZ8 CPU is either stopped or looping on a BRK instruction.
HALT—HALT Mode
0 = The device is not in HALT mode.
1 = The device is in HALT mode.
RPEN—Read Protect Option Bit Enabled
0 = The Read Protect Option Bit is disabled (1).
1 = The Read Protect Option Bit is enabled (0), disabling many OCD commands.
Reserved
These bits are always 0.
PS019915-1005
On-Chip Debugger
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
205
On-Chip Oscillator
Overview
The products in the 64K Series feature an on-chip oscillator for use with external crystals
with frequencies from 32KHz to 20MHz. In addition, the oscillator can support external
RC networks with oscillation frequencies up to 4MHz or ceramic resonators with oscillation frequencies up to 20MHz. This oscillator generates the primary system clock for the
internal eZ8 CPU and the majority of the on-chip peripherals. Alternatively, the XIN input
pin can also accept a CMOS-level clock input signal (32KHz–20MHz). If an external
clock generator is used, the XOUT pin must be left unconnected.
When configured for use with crystal oscillators or external clock drivers, the frequency of
the signal on the XIN input pin determines the frequency of the system clock (that is, no
internal clock divider). In RC operation, the system clock is driven by a clock divider
(divide by 2) to ensure 50% duty cycle.
Operating Modes
The 64K Series products support 4 different oscillator modes:
•
•
•
On-chip oscillator configured for use with external RC networks (<4MHz).
•
Maximum power for use with high frequency crystals or ceramic resonators (8.0MHz
to 20.0MHz).
Minimum power for use with very low frequency crystals (32KHz to 1.0MHz).
Medium power for use with medium frequency crystals or ceramic resonators
(0.5MHz to 10.0MHz).
The oscillator mode is selected through user-programmable Option Bits. Refer to the
Option Bits chapter for information.
Crystal Oscillator Operation
Figure 40 illustrates a recommended configuration for connection with an external fundamental-mode, parallel-resonant crystal operating at 20MHz. Recommended 20MHz crystal specifications are provided in Table 103. Resistor R1 is optional and limits total power
dissipation by the crystal. The printed circuit board layout must add no more than 4pF of
PS019915-1005
On-Chip Oscillator
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
206
stray capacitance to either the XIN or XOUT pins. If oscillation does not occur, reduce the
values of capacitors C1 and C2 to decrease loading.
On-Chip Oscillator
XIN
XOUT
R1 = 220Ω
Crystal
C1 = 22pF
C2 = 22pF
Figure 40. Recommended 20MHz Crystal Oscillator Configuration
Table 103. Recommended Crystal Oscillator Specifications (20MHz Operation)
Parameter
Value
Units
Frequency
20
MHz
Resonance
Parallel
Mode
PS019915-1005
Comments
Fundamental
Series Resistance (RS)
25
Ω
Maximum
Load Capacitance (CL)
20
pF
Maximum
Shunt Capacitance (C0)
7
pF
Maximum
Drive Level
1
mW
Maximum
On-Chip Oscillator
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
207
Oscillator Operation with an External RC Network
The External RC oscillator mode is applicable to timing insensitive applications.
Figure 41 illustrates a recommended configuration for connection with an external resistor-capacitor (RC) network.
VDD
R
XIN
C
Figure 41. Connecting the On-Chip Oscillator to an External RC Network
An external resistance value of 45kΩ is recommended for oscillator operation with an
external RC network. The minimum resistance value to ensure operation is 40kΩ. The
typical oscillator frequency can be estimated from the values of the resistor (R in kΩ) and
capacitor (C in pF) elements using the following equation:
6
1 ×10
Oscillator Frequency (kHz) = --------------------------------------------------------( 0.4 × R × C ) + ( 4 × C )
Figure 42 illustrates the typical (3.3V and 250C) oscillator frequency as a function of the
capacitor (C in pF) employed in the RC network assuming a 45kΩ external resistor. For
very small values of C, the parasitic capacitance of the oscillator XIN pin and the printed
circuit board should be included in the estimation of the oscillator frequency.
It is possible to operate the RC oscillator using only the parasitic capacitance of the package and printed circuit board. To minimize sensitivity to external parasitics, external
capacitance values in excess of 20pF are recommended.
PS019915-1005
On-Chip Oscillator
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
208
4000
3750
3500
3250
3000
2750
Frequency (kHz)
2500
2250
2000
1750
1500
1250
1000
750
500
250
0
0
20
40
60
80
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480 500
C (pF)
Figure 42. Typical RC Oscillator Frequency as a Function of the External Capacitance with a 45kΩ Resistor
Caution:
PS019915-1005
When using the external RC oscillator mode, the oscillator may stop oscillating if the power supply drops below 2.7V, but before the power supply
drops to the voltage brown-out threshold. The oscillator will resume oscillation as soon as the supply voltage exceeds 2.7V.
On-Chip Oscillator
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
209
Electrical Characteristics
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Stresses greater than those listed in Table 104 may cause permanent damage to the device.
These ratings are stress ratings only. Operation of the device at any condition outside those
indicated in the operational sections of these specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
For improved reliability, unused inputs must be tied to one of the supply voltages (VDD or
VSS).
Table 104. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Minimum Maximum
Units
Ambient temperature under bias
-40
+125
C
Storage temperature
–65
+150
C
Voltage on any pin with respect to VSS
–0.3
+5.5
V
Voltage on VDD pin with respect to VSS
–0.3
+3.6
V
Maximum current on input and/or inactive output pin
–5
+5
µA
Maximum output current from active output pin
-25
+25
mA
Total power dissipation
550
mW
Maximum current into VDD or out of VSS
150
mA
Total power dissipation
200
mW
Maximum current into VDD or out of VSS
56
mA
Total power dissipation
1000
mW
Maximum current into VDD or out of VSS
275
mA
Notes
1
80-Pin QFP Maximum Ratings at –40°C to 70°C
80-Pin QFP Maximum Ratings at 70°C to 125°C
68-Pin PLCC Maximum Ratings at –40°C to 70°C
68-Pin PLCC Maximum Ratings at 700C to 1250C
Notes:
1. This voltage applies to all pins except the following: VDD, AVDD, pins supporting analog input (Ports B and H),
RESET, and where noted otherwise.
PS019915-1005
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
210
Table 104. Absolute Maximum Ratings (Continued)
Parameter
Minimum Maximum
Units
Total power dissipation
500
mW
Maximum current into VDD or out of VSS
140
mA
Total power dissipation
1000
mW
Maximum current into VDD or out of VSS
275
mA
Total power dissipation
540
mW
Maximum current into VDD or out of VSS
150
mA
Total power dissipation
750
mW
Maximum current into VDD or out of VSS
200
mA
Total power dissipation
295
mW
Maximum current into VDD or out of VSS
83
mA
Total power dissipation
750
mW
Maximum current into VDD or out of VSS
200
mA
Total power dissipation
360
mW
Maximum current into VDD or out of VSS
100
mA
Total power dissipation
1000
mW
Maximum current into VDD or out of VSS
275
mA
Total power dissipation
540
mW
Maximum current into VDD or out of VSS
150
mA
Notes
64-Pin LQFP Maximum Ratings at –40°C to 70°C
64-Pin LQFP Maximum Ratings at 700C to 1250C
44-Pin PLCC Maximum Ratings at –40°C to 70°C
44-Pin PLCC Maximum Ratings at 700C to 1250C
44-pin LQFP Maximum Ratings at –40°C to 70°C
44-pin LQFP Maximum Ratings at 700C to 1250C
40-pin PDIP Maximum Ratings at –40°C to 70°C
40-pin PDIP Maximum Ratings at 700C to 1250C
Notes:
1. This voltage applies to all pins except the following: VDD, AVDD, pins supporting analog input (Ports B and H),
RESET, and where noted otherwise.
PS019915-1005
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
211
DC Characteristics
Table 105 lists the DC characteristics of the 64K Series products. All voltages are referenced to VSS, the primary system ground.
Table 105. DC Characteristics
TA = –400C to 1250C
Symbol Parameter
Minimum Typical Maximum Units Conditions
VDD
Supply Voltage
3.0
–
3.6
V
VIL1
Low Level Input Voltage
-0.3
–
0.3*VDD
V
For all input pins except RESET,
DBG, XIN
VIL2
Low Level Input Voltage
-0.3
–
0.2*VDD
V
For RESET, DBG, and XIN.
VIH1
High Level Input Voltage
0.7*VDD
–
5.5
V
Port A, C, D, E, F, and G pins.
VIH2
High Level Input Voltage
0.7*VDD
–
VDD+0.3
V
Port B and H pins.
VIH3
High Level Input Voltage
0.8*VDD
–
VDD+0.3
V
RESET, DBG, and XIN pins
VOL1
Low Level Output Voltage
Standard Drive
–
–
0.4
V
IOL = 2mA; VDD = 3.0V
High Output Drive disabled.
VOH1
High Level Output Voltage
Standard Drive
2.4
–
–
V
IOH = -2mA; VDD = 3.0V
High Output Drive disabled.
VOL2
Low Level Output Voltage
High Drive
–
–
0.6
V
IOL = 20mA; VDD = 3.3V
High Output Drive enabled
TA = -400C to +700C
VOH2
High Level Output Voltage
High Drive
2.4
–
–
V
IOH = -20mA; VDD = 3.3V
High Output Drive enabled;
TA = -400C to +700C
VOL3
Low Level Output Voltage
High Drive
–
–
0.6
V
IOL = 15mA; VDD = 3.3V
High Output Drive enabled;
TA = +700C to +1050C
VOH3
High Level Output Voltage
High Drive
2.4
–
–
V
IOH = 15mA; VDD = 3.3V
High Output Drive enabled;
TA = +700C to +1050C
VRAM
RAM Data Retention
0.7
–
–
V
IIL
Input Leakage Current
-5
–
+5
μA VDD = 3.6V;
VIN = VDD or VSS1
ITL
Tri-State Leakage Current
-5
–
+5
μA VDD = 3.6V
CPAD
GPIO Port Pad Capacitance
–
8.02
–
pF
–
2
–
pF
CXIN
XIN Pad Capacitance
PS019915-1005
8.0
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
212
Table 105. DC Characteristics (Continued)
TA = –400C to 1250C
Symbol Parameter
Minimum Typical Maximum Units Conditions
CXOUT XOUT Pad Capacitance
–
9.52
–
IPU
Weak Pull-up Current
30
100
350
μA VDD = 3.0 - 3.6 V
IDDA
Active Mode Supply Current
(See Figures 43 and 44)
GPIO pins configured as
outputs
–
11
16
12
mA VDD = 3.6 V, Fsysclk = 20 MHz
VDD = 3.3 V
–
9
11
9
mA VDD = 3.6 V, Fsysclk = 10 MHz
VDD = 3.3 V
4
7
5
mA VDD = 3.6 V, Fsysclk = 20 MHz
VDD = 3.3 V
–
3
5
4
mA VDD = 3.6 V, Fsysclk = 10 MHz
VDD = 3.3 V
–
520
700
IDDH
IDDS
Halt Mode Supply Current
(See Figures 45 and 46)
GPIO pins configured as
outputs
Stop Mode Supply Current
(See Figures 47 and 48)
GPIO pins configured as
outputs
650
–
10
25
20
–
80
70
–
250
150
1
2
pF
μA VDD = 3.6 V, VBO and WDT
Enabled
VDD = 3.3 V
μA VDD = 3.6 V, TA = 0 to 700
VBO Disabled
WDT Enabled
VDD = 3.3 V
μA VDD = 3.6 V, TA = –40 to +1050
VBO Disabled
WDT Enabled
VDD = 3.3 V
μA VDD = 3.6 V, TA = –40 to +1250
VBO Disabled
WDT Enabled
VDD = 3.3 V
This condition excludes all pins that have on-chip pull-ups, when driven Low.
These values are provided for design guidance only and are not tested in production.
PS019915-1005
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
213
Figure 43 illustrates the typical active mode current consumption while operating at 25ºC
versus the system clock frequency. All GPIO pins are configured as outputs and driven
High.
stics
15
Idd (mA)
12
9
6
3
0
0
5
10
15
20
System Clock Frequency (MHz)
3.0V
3.3V
3.6V
Figure 43. Typical Active Mode Idd Versus System Clock Frequency
PS019915-1005
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
214
Figure 44 illustrates the maximum active mode current consumption across the full operating temperature range of the device and versus the system clock frequency. All GPIO
pins are configured as outputs and driven High.
stics
15
Idd (mA)
12
9
6
3
0
0
5
10
15
20
System Clock Frequency (MHz)
3.0V
3.3V
3.6V
Figure 44. Maximum Active Mode Idd Versus System Clock Frequency
PS019915-1005
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
215
Figure 45 illustrates the typical current consumption in HALT mode while operating at
25ºC versus the system clock frequency. All GPIO pins are configured as outputs and
driven High.
5
HALT Idd (mA)
4
3
2
1
0
0
5
10
15
20
System Clock Frequency (MHz)
3.0V
3.3V
3.6V
Figure 45. Typical HALT Mode Idd Versus System Clock Frequency
PS019915-1005
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
216
Figure 45 illustrates the maximum HALT mode current consumption across the full operating temperature range of the device and versus the system clock frequency. All GPIO
pins are configured as outputs and driven High.
6
Halt Idd (mA)
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
5
10
15
20
System Clock Frequency (MHz)
3.0V
3.3V
3.6V
Figure 46. Maximum HALT Mode Icc Versus System Clock Frequency
PS019915-1005
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
217
Figure 47 illustrates the maximum current consumption in STOP mode with the VBO and
Watch-Dog Timer enabled versus the power supply voltage. All GPIO pins are configured
as outputs and driven High.
STOP Idd (microamperes)
700
650
600
550
500
450
400
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.6
Vdd (V)
-40/105C
0/70C
25C Typical
Figure 47. Maximum STOP Mode Idd with VBO enabled versus Power Supply Voltage
PS019915-1005
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
218
Figure 48 illustrates the maximum current consumption in STOP mode with the VBO disabled and Watch-Dog Timer enabled versus the power supply voltage. All GPIO pins are
configured as outputs and driven High. Disabling the Watch-Dog Timer and its internal
RC oscillator in STOP mode will provide some additional reduction in STOP mode current consumption. This small current reduction would be indistinquishable on the scale of
Figure 48.
120.00
STOP Idd (microamperes)
100.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.6
Vdd (V)
25C Typical
0/70C
-40/105C
-40/+125C
Figure 48. Maximum STOP Mode Idd with VBO Disabled versus Power Supply Voltage
PS019915-1005
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
219
On-Chip Peripheral AC and DC Electrical Characteristics
Table 106. Power-On Reset and Voltage Brown-Out Electrical Characteristics and Timing
TA = –400C to 1250C
Symbol Parameter
Minimum Typical1 Maximum
Units
Conditions
VPOR
Power-On Reset Voltage
Threshold
2.40
2.70
2.90
V
VDD = VPOR
VVBO
Voltage Brown-Out Reset
Voltage Threshold
2.30
2.60
2.85
V
VDD = VVBO
VPOR to VVBO hysteresis
50
100
–
mV
Starting VDD voltage to
ensure valid Power-On
Reset.
–
VSS
–
V
TANA
Power-On Reset Analog
Delay
–
50
–
μs
VDD > VPOR; TPOR Digital
Reset delay follows TANA
TPOR
Power-On Reset Digital
Delay
–
6.6
–
ms
66 WDT Oscillator cycles
(10KHz) + 16 System Clock
cycles (20MHz)
TVBO
Voltage Brown-Out Pulse
Rejection Period
–
10
–
μs
VDD < VVBO to generate a
Reset.
0.10
–
100
ms
TRAMP Time for VDD to transition
from VSS to VPOR to ensure
valid Reset
1 Data in the typical column is from characterization at 3.3V and 00C. These values are provided for design guidance
only and are not tested in production.
PS019915-1005
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
220
Table 107. External RC Oscillator Electrical Characteristics and Timing
TA = –400C to 1250C
Symbol Parameter
Minimum Typical1 Maximum
VDD
Operating Voltage Range
2.70
REXT
External Resistance from
XIN to VDD
CEXT
FOSC
1
Units
–
–
V
40
45
200
kΩ
External Capacitance from
XIN to VSS
0
20
1000
pF
External RC Oscillation
Frequency
–
–
4
MHz
Conditions
VDD = VVBO
1 When using the external RC oscillator mode, the oscillator may stop oscillating if the power supply drops below
2.7V, but before the power supply drops to the voltage brown-out threshold. The oscillator will resume oscillation as
soon as the supply voltage exceeds 2.7V.
Table 108. Reset and STOP Mode Recovery Pin Timing
TA = –400C to 1250C
Symbol Parameter
TRESET RESET pin assertion to
initiate a System Reset.
TSMR
STOP Mode Recovery pin
Pulse Rejection Period
PS019915-1005
Minimum Typical Maximum
Units
Conditions
4
–
–
TCLK
Not in STOP Mode.
TCLK = System Clock period.
10
20
40
ns
RESET, DBG, and GPIO pins
configured as SMR sources.
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
221
Table 109 list the Flash Memory electrical characteristics and timing.
Table 109. Flash Memory Electrical Characteristics and Timing
VDD = 3.0 - 3.6V
TA = –400C to 1250C
Parameter
Minimum Typical
Maximum
Units
Notes
Flash Byte Read Time
50
–
–
ns
Flash Byte Program Time
20
–
40
μs
Flash Page Erase Time
10
–
–
ms
Flash Mass Erase Time
200
–
–
ms
Writes to Single Address Before
Next Erase
–
–
2
Flash Row Program Time
–
–
8
ms
100
–
–
years
Endurance, –40 to 1050C
10,000
–
–
cycles Program / erase cycles
Endurance, 1060 to 1250C
1,000
–
–
cycles Program / erase cycles
Data Retention
Cumulative program time for
single row cannot exceed limit
before next erase. This parameter
is only an issue when bypassing
the Flash Controller.
250C
Table 110 lists the Watch-Dog Timer electrical characteristics and timing.
Table 110. Watch-Dog Timer Electrical Characteristics and Timing
VDD = 3.0 - 3.6V
TA = –400C to 1250C
Minimum Typical
Symbol
Parameter
FWDT
WDT Oscillator Frequency
5
IWDT
WDT Oscillator Current including
internal RC oscillator
–
PS019915-1005
Maximum
Units
10
20
kHz
<1
5
μA
Conditions
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
222
Table 111 provides electrical characteristics and timing information for the Analog-to-Digital Converter.
Figure 49 illustrates the input frequency response of the ADC.
Table 111. Analog-to-Digital Converter Electrical Characteristics and Timing
VDD = 3.0 - 3.6V
TA = –400C to 1250C
Symbol
Parameter
Minimum Typical
Units
Conditions
–
bits
External VREF = 3.0V;
+.25
lsb
Guaranteed by design
External VREF = 3.0V
Resolution
10
Differential Nonlinearity
(DNL)
-.25
Integral Nonlinearity (INL)
-3.0
+1.0
3.0
lsb
DC Offset Error
-35
–
25
mV
DC Offset Error
-50
–
25
mV
VREF
Internal Reference Voltage
1.9
2.0
2.4
V
VCREF
Voltage Coefficient of
Internal Reference Voltage
–
78
–
mV/V VREF variation as a
function of AVDD.
TCREF
Temperature Coefficient of
Internal Reference Voltage
–
1
–
mV/0C
Single-Shot Conversion
Period
–
5129
–
cycles System clock cycles
Continuous Conversion
Period
–
256
–
cycles System clock cycles
RS
Analog Source Impedance
–
–
150
Zin
Input Impedance
VREF
External Reference Voltage
IREF
Current draw into VREF pin
when driving with external
source.
PS019915-1005
–
Maximum
VDD = 3.0 - 3.6V
TA = -400C to 1050C
Recommended
kΩ
150
25.0
Ω
44-pin LQFP, 44-pin
PLCC, and 68-pin PLCC
packages.
AVDD
V
40.0
μA
AVDD <= VDD. When
using an external reference
voltage, decoupling
capacitance should be
placed from VREF to
AVSS.
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
223
ADC Magnitude Transfer Function (Linear Scale)
1
0.9
0.8
-6 dB
Frequency Response
-3 dB
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
5
10
15
Frequency (kHz)
20
25
30
Figure 49. Analog-to-Digital Converter Frequency Response
PS019915-1005
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
224
AC Characteristics
The section provides information on the AC characteristics and timing. All AC timing
information assumes a standard load of 50pF on all outputs. Table 112 lists the 64K Series
AC characteristics and timing.
Table 112. AC Characteristics
VDD = 3.0 - 3.6V
TA = –400C to 1250C
Symbol
Parameter
Fsysclk
System Clock Frequency
Minimum Maximum
Units
Conditions
–
20.0
MHz
Read-only from Flash memory.
0.032768
20.0
MHz
Program or erasure of the Flash
memory.
0.032768
20.0
MHz
System clock frequencies below
the crystal oscillator minimum
require an external clock driver.
–
ns
FXTAL
Crystal Oscillator Frequency
TXIN
Crystal Oscillator Clock Period
50
TXINH
System Clock High Time
20
ns
TXINL
System Clock Low Time
20
ns
TXINR
System Clock Rise Time
–
3
ns
TCLK = 50ns. Slower rise times
can be tolerated with longer clock
periods.
TXINF
System Clock Fall Time
–
3
ns
TCLK = 50ns. Slower fall times can
be tolerated with longer clock
periods.
PS019915-1005
TCLK = 1/Fsysclk
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
225
General Purpose I/O Port Input Data Sample Timing
Figure 50 illustrates timing of the GPIO Port input sampling. Table 113 lists the GPIO port
input timing.
TCLK
System
Clock
Port Value
Changes to 0
GPIO Pin
Input Value
GPIO Input
Data Latch
0 Latched
Into Port Input
Data Register
GPIO Data Register
Value 0 Read
by eZ8 CPU
GPIO Data
Read on Data Bus
Figure 50. Port Input Sample Timing
Table 113. GPIO Port Input Timing
Delay (ns)
PS019915-1005
Parameter
Abbreviation
Min
Max
TS_PORT
Port Input Transition to XIN Fall Setup Time
(Not pictured)
5
–
TH_PORT
XIN Fall to Port Input Transition Hold Time
(Not pictured)
6
–
TSMR
GPIO Port Pin Pulse Width to Insure STOP Mode
Recovery
(for GPIO Port Pins enabled as SMR sources)
1μs
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
226
General Purpose I/O Port Output Timing
Figure 51 and Table 114 provide timing information for GPIO Port pins.
TCLK
XIN
T1
T2
Port Output
Figure 51. GPIO Port Output Timing
Table 114. GPIO Port Output Timing
Delay (ns)
Parameter
Abbreviation
Min
Max
GPIO Port pins
PS019915-1005
T1
XIN Rise to Port Output Valid Delay
–
20
T2
XIN Rise to Port Output Hold Time
2
–
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
227
On-Chip Debugger Timing
Figure 52 and Table 115 provide timing information for the DBG pin. The DBG pin timing specifications assume a 4μs maximum rise and fall time.
TCLK
XIN
T1
T2
DBG
(Output)
Output Data
T3
DBG
(Input)
T4
Input Data
Figure 52. On-Chip Debugger Timing
Table 115. On-Chip Debugger Timing
Delay (ns)
Parameter
Abbreviation
Min
Max
DBG
T1
XIN Rise to DBG Valid Delay
–
30
T2
XIN Rise to DBG Output Hold Time
2
–
T3
DBG to XIN Rise Input Setup Time
10
–
T4
DBG to XIN Rise Input Hold Time
5
–
DBG frequency
PS019915-1005
System
Clock / 4
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
228
SPI Master Mode Timing
Figure 53 and Table 116 provide timing information for SPI Master mode pins. Timing is
shown with SCK rising edge used to source MOSI output data, SCK falling edge used to
sample MISO input data. Timing on the SS output pin(s) is controlled by software.
SCK
T1
MOSI
(Output)
Output Data
T2
MISO
(Input)
T3
Input Data
Figure 53. SPI Master Mode Timing
Table 116. SPI Master Mode Timing
Delay (ns)
Parameter
Abbreviation
Min
Max
+5
SPI Master
PS019915-1005
T1
SCK Rise to MOSI output Valid Delay
-5
T2
MISO input to SCK (receive edge) Setup Time
20
T3
MISO input to SCK (receive edge) Hold Time
0
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
229
SPI Slave Mode Timing
Figure 54 and Table 117 provide timing information for the SPI slave mode pins. Timing
is shown with SCK rising edge used to source MISO output data, SCK falling edge used to
sample MOSI input data.
SCK
T1
MISO
(Output)
Output Data
T2
MOSI
(Input)
T3
Input Data
T4
SS
(Input)
Figure 54. SPI Slave Mode Timing
Table 117. SPI Slave Mode Timing
Delay (ns)
Parameter
Abbreviation
Min
Max
2 * Xin
period
3 * Xin
period +
20 nsec
SPI Slave
PS019915-1005
T1
SCK (transmit edge) to MISO output Valid Delay
T2
MOSI input to SCK (receive edge) Setup Time
0
T3
MOSI input to SCK (receive edge) Hold Time
3 * Xin
period
T4
SS input assertion to SCK setup
1 * Xin
period
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
230
I2C Timing
Figure 55 and Table 118 provide timing information for I2C pins.
SCL
(Output)
T1
SDA
(Output)
Output Data
T3
T2
Input Data
SDA
(Input)
Figure 55. I2C Timing
Table 118. I2C Timing
Delay (ns)
Parameter
Abbreviation
Minimum
Maximum
2
I C
PS019915-1005
T1
SCL Fall to SDA output delay
T2
SDA Input to SCL rising edge Setup Time
0
T3
SDA Input to SCL falling edge Hold Time
0
SCL period/4
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
231
UART Timing
Figure 56 and Table 119 provide timing information for UART pins for the case where the
Clear To Send input pin (CTS) is used for flow control. In this example, it is assumed that
the Driver Enable polarity has been configured to be Active Low and is represented here
by DE. The CTS to DE assertion delay (T1) assumes the UART Transmit Data register has
been loaded with data prior to CTS assertion.
CTS
(Input)
T1
DE
(Output)
T2
TXD
(Output)
T3
Start
Bit 0
Bit 1
Bit 7
Stop
Parity
End of
Stop Bit(s)
Figure 56. UART Timing with CTS
Table 119. UART Timing with CTS
Delay (ns)
Parameter Abbreviation
PS019915-1005
Minimum
T1
CTS Fall to DE Assertion Delay
T2
DE Assertion to TXD Falling Edge (Start) Delay 1 Bit period
T3
End of Stop Bit(s) to DE Deassertion Delay
Maximum
2 * XIN period 2 * XIN period
+ 1 Bit period
1 Bit period +
1 * XIN period
1 * XIN period 2 * XIN period
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
232
Figure 57 and Table 120 provide timing information for UART pins for the case where the
Clear To Send input signal (CTS) is not used for flow control. In this example, it is
assumed that the Driver Enable polarity has been configured to be Active Low and is represented here by DE. DE asserts after the UART Transmit Data Register has been written.
DE remains asserted for multiple characters as long as the Transmit Data register is written with the next character before the current character has completed.
DE
(Output)
T1
TXD
(Output)
T2
Start
Bit 0
Bit 1
Bit 7
Parity
Stop
End of
Stop Bit(s)
Figure 57. UART Timing without CTS
Table 120. UART Timing without CTS
Delay (ns)
PS019915-1005
Parameter Abbreviation
Minimum
Maximum
T1
DE Assertion to TXD Falling Edge (Start) Delay
1 Bit period
1 Bit period +
1 * XIN period
T2
End of Stop Bit(s) to DE Deassertion Delay
1 * XIN period
2 * XIN period
Electrical Characteristics
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
233
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Assembly Language Programming Introduction
The eZ8 CPU assembly language provides a means for writing an application program
without having to be concerned with actual memory addresses or machine instruction formats. A program written in assembly language is called a source program. Assembly language allows the use of symbolic addresses to identify memory locations. It also allows
mnemonic codes (opcodes and operands) to represent the instructions themselves. The
opcodes identify the instruction while the operands represent memory locations, registers,
or immediate data values.
Each assembly language program consists of a series of symbolic commands called statements. Each statement can contain labels, operations, operands and comments.
Labels can be assigned to a particular instruction step in a source program. The label identifies that step in the program as an entry point for use by other instructions.
The assembly language also includes assembler directives that supplement the machine
instruction. The assembler directives, or pseudo-ops, are not translated into a machine
instruction. Rather, the pseudo-ops are interpreted as directives that control or assist the
assembly process.
The source program is processed (assembled) by the assembler to obtain a machine language program called the object code. The object code is executed by the eZ8 CPU. An
example segment of an assembly language program is detailed in the following example.
Assembly Language Source Program Example
JP START
; Everything after the semicolon is a comment.
START:
; A label called “START”. The first instruction (JP START) in this
; example causes program execution to jump to the point within the
; program where the START label occurs.
LD R4, R7
; A Load (LD) instruction with two operands. The first operand,
; Working Register R4, is the destination. The second operand,
; Working Register R7, is the source. The contents of R7 is
; written into R4.
LD 234H, #%01
; Another Load (LD) instruction with two operands.
; The first operand, Extended Mode Register Address 234H,
; identifies the destination. The second operand, Immediate Data
PS019915-1005
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
234
; value 01H, is the source. The value 01H is written into the
; Register at address 234H.
Assembly Language Syntax
For proper instruction execution, eZ8 CPU assembly language syntax requires that the
operands be written as ‘destination, source’. After assembly, the object code usually has
the operands in the order ’source, destination’, but ordering is opcode-dependent. The following instruction examples illustrate the format of some basic assembly instructions and
the resulting object code produced by the assembler. This binary format must be followed
by users that prefer manual program coding or intend to implement their own assembler.
Example 1: If the contents of Registers 43H and 08H are added and the result is stored in
43H, the assembly syntax and resulting object code is:
Assembly Language Syntax Example 1
Assembly Language Code ADD
Object Code
04
43H,
08H
(ADD dst, src)
08
43
(OPC src, dst)
Example 2: In general, when an instruction format requires an 8-bit register address, that
address can specify any register location in the range 0 - 255 or, using Escaped Mode
Addressing, a Working Register R0 - R15. If the contents of Register 43H and Working
Register R8 are added and the result is stored in 43H, the assembly syntax and resulting
object code is:
Assembly Language Syntax Example 2
Assembly Language Code ADD
Object Code
04
43H,
R8
(ADD dst, src)
E8
43
(OPC src, dst)
See the device-specific Product Specification to determine the exact register file range
available. The register file size varies, depending on the device type.
eZ8 CPU Instruction Notation
In the eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary and Description sections, the operands, condition
codes, status flags, and address modes are represented by a notational shorthand that is
described in Table 121.
PS019915-1005
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
235
.
Table 121. Notational Shorthand
Notation Description
Operand Range
b
Bit
b
b represents a value from 0 to 7 (000B to 111B).
cc
Condition Code
—
See Condition Codes overview in the eZ8 CPU User
Manual.
DA
Direct Address
Addrs
Addrs. represents a number in the range of 0000H to
FFFFH
ER
Extended Addressing Register
Reg
Reg. represents a number in the range of 000H to
FFFH
IM
Immediate Data
#Data
Data is a number between 00H to FFH
Ir
Indirect Working Register
@Rn
n = 0 –15
IR
Indirect Register
@Reg
Reg. represents a number in the range of 00H to FFH
Irr
Indirect Working Register Pair
@RRp
p = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, or 14
IRR
Indirect Register Pair
@Reg
Reg. represents an even number in the range 00H to
FEH
p
Polarity
p
Polarity is a single bit binary value of either 0B or 1B.
r
Working Register
Rn
n = 0 – 15
R
Register
Reg
Reg. represents a number in the range of 00H to FFH
RA
Relative Address
X
X represents an index in the range of +127 to –128
which is an offset relative to the address of the next
instruction
rr
Working Register Pair
RRp
p = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, or 14
RR
Register Pair
Reg
Reg. represents an even number in the range of 00H to
FEH
Vector
Vector Address
Vector
Vector represents a number in the range of 00H to FFH
X
Indexed
#Index
The register or register pair to be indexed is offset by
the signed Index value (#Index) in a +127 to -128
range.
Table 122 contains additional symbols that are used throughout the Instruction Summary
and Instruction Set Description sections.
PS019915-1005
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
236
Table 122. Additional Symbols
Symbol
Definition
dst
Destination Operand
src
Source Operand
@
Indirect Address Prefix
SP
Stack Pointer
PC
Program Counter
FLAGS
Flags Register
RP
Register Pointer
#
Immediate Operand Prefix
B
Binary Number Suffix
%
Hexadecimal Number Prefix
H
Hexadecimal Number Suffix
Assignment of a value is indicated by an arrow. For example,
dst ← dst + src
indicates the source data is added to the destination data and the result is stored in the destination location.
PS019915-1005
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
237
Condition Codes
The C, Z, S and V flags control the operation of the conditional jump (JP cc and JR cc)
instructions. Sixteen frequently useful functions of the flag settings are encoded in a 4-bit
field called the condition code (cc), which forms Bits 7:4 of the conditional jump instructions. The condition codes are summarized in Table 123. Some binary condition codes can
be created using more than one assembly code mnemonic. The result of the flag test operation decides if the conditional jump is executed.
Table 123. Condition Codes
PS019915-1005
Assembly
Mnemonic Definition
Flag Test Operation
0
F
Always False
–
0001
1
LT
Less Than
(S XOR V) = 1
0010
2
LE
Less Than or Equal
(Z OR (S XOR V)) = 1
0011
3
ULE
Unsigned Less Than or Equal
(C OR Z) = 1
0100
4
OV
Overflow
V=1
0101
5
Ml
Minus
S=1
0110
6
Z
Zero
Z=1
0110
6
EQ
Equal
Z=1
0111
7
C
Carry
C=1
0111
7
ULT
Unsigned Less Than
C=1
1000
8
T (or blank) Always True
–
1001
9
GE
Greater Than or Equal
(S XOR V) = 0
1010
A
GT
Greater Than
(Z OR (S XOR V)) = 0
1011
B
UGT
Unsigned Greater Than
(C = 0 AND Z = 0) = 1
1100
C
NOV
No Overflow
V=0
1101
D
PL
Plus
S=0
1110
E
NZ
Non-Zero
Z=0
1110
E
NE
Not Equal
Z=0
1111
F
NC
No Carry
C=0
1111
F
UGE
Unsigned Greater Than or Equal C = 0
Binary
Hex
0000
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
238
eZ8 CPU Instruction Classes
eZ8 CPU instructions can be divided functionally into the following groups:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Arithmetic
Bit Manipulation
Block Transfer
CPU Control
Load
Logical
Program Control
Rotate and Shift
Tables 124 through 131 contain the instructions belonging to each group and the number
of operands required for each instruction. Some instructions appear in more than one table
as these instruction can be considered as a subset of more than one category. Within these
tables, the source operand is identified as ’src’, the destination operand is ’dst’ and a condition code is ’cc’.
Table 124. Arithmetic Instructions
PS019915-1005
Mnemonic
Operands
Instruction
ADC
dst, src
Add with Carry
ADCX
dst, src
Add with Carry using Extended Addressing
ADD
dst, src
Add
ADDX
dst, src
Add using Extended Addressing
CP
dst, src
Compare
CPC
dst, src
Compare with Carry
CPCX
dst, src
Compare with Carry using Extended Addressing
CPX
dst, src
Compare using Extended Addressing
DA
dst
Decimal Adjust
DEC
dst
Decrement
DECW
dst
Decrement Word
INC
dst
Increment
INCW
dst
Increment Word
MULT
dst
Multiply
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
239
Table 124. Arithmetic Instructions (Continued)
Mnemonic
Operands
Instruction
SBC
dst, src
Subtract with Carry
SBCX
dst, src
Subtract with Carry using Extended Addressing
SUB
dst, src
Subtract
SUBX
dst, src
Subtract using Extended Addressing
Table 125. Bit Manipulation Instructions
Mnemonic
Operands
Instruction
BCLR
bit, dst
Bit Clear
BIT
p, bit, dst
Bit Set or Clear
BSET
bit, dst
Bit Set
BSWAP
dst
Bit Swap
CCF
—
Complement Carry Flag
RCF
—
Reset Carry Flag
SCF
—
Set Carry Flag
TCM
dst, src
Test Complement Under Mask
TCMX
dst, src
Test Complement Under Mask using Extended Addressing
TM
dst, src
Test Under Mask
TMX
dst, src
Test Under Mask using Extended Addressing
Table 126. Block Transfer Instructions
PS019915-1005
Mnemonic
Operands
Instruction
LDCI
dst, src
Load Constant to/from Program Memory and Auto-Increment
Addresses
LDEI
dst, src
Load External Data to/from Data Memory and Auto-Increment
Addresses
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
240
Table 127. CPU Control Instructions
Mnemonic
Operands
Instruction
ATM
—
Atomic Execution
CCF
—
Complement Carry Flag
DI
—
Disable Interrupts
EI
—
Enable Interrupts
HALT
—
HALT Mode
NOP
—
No Operation
RCF
—
Reset Carry Flag
SCF
—
Set Carry Flag
SRP
src
Set Register Pointer
STOP
—
STOP Mode
WDT
—
Watch-Dog Timer Refresh
Table 128. Load Instructions
PS019915-1005
Mnemonic
Operands Instruction
CLR
dst
Clear
LD
dst, src
Load
LDC
dst, src
Load Constant to/from Program Memory
LDCI
dst, src
Load Constant to/from Program Memory and Auto-Increment
Addresses
LDE
dst, src
Load External Data to/from Data Memory
LDEI
dst, src
Load External Data to/from Data Memory and Auto-Increment
Addresses
LDWX
dst, src
Load Word using Extended Addressing
LDX
dst, src
Load using Extended Addressing
LEA
dst, X(src) Load Effective Address
POP
dst
Pop
POPX
dst
Pop using Extended Addressing
PUSH
src
Push
PUSHX
src
Push using Extended Addressing
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
241
Table 129. Logical Instructions
Mnemonic Operands Instruction
AND
dst, src
Logical AND
ANDX
dst, src
Logical AND using Extended Addressing
COM
dst
Complement
OR
dst, src
Logical OR
ORX
dst, src
Logical OR using Extended Addressing
XOR
dst, src
Logical Exclusive OR
XORX
dst, src
Logical Exclusive OR using Extended Addressing
Table 130. Program Control Instructions
PS019915-1005
Mnemonic
Operands
Instruction
BRK
—
On-Chip Debugger Break
BTJ
p, bit, src, DA Bit Test and Jump
BTJNZ
bit, src, DA
Bit Test and Jump if Non-Zero
BTJZ
bit, src, DA
Bit Test and Jump if Zero
CALL
dst
Call Procedure
DJNZ
dst, src, RA
Decrement and Jump Non-Zero
IRET
—
Interrupt Return
JP
dst
Jump
JP cc
dst
Jump Conditional
JR
DA
Jump Relative
JR cc
DA
Jump Relative Conditional
RET
—
Return
TRAP
vector
Software Trap
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
242
Table 131. Rotate and Shift Instructions
Mnemonic
Operands
Instruction
BSWAP
dst
Bit Swap
RL
dst
Rotate Left
RLC
dst
Rotate Left through Carry
RR
dst
Rotate Right
RRC
dst
Rotate Right through Carry
SRA
dst
Shift Right Arithmetic
SRL
dst
Shift Right Logical
SWAP
dst
Swap Nibbles
eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary
Table 132 summarizes the eZ8 CPU instructions. The table identifies the addressing
modes employed by the instruction, the effect upon the Flags register, the number of CPU
clock cycles required for the instruction fetch, and the number of CPU clock cycles
required for the instruction execution.
.
Table 132. eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary
Address Mode
Assembly
Mnemonic
Symbolic Operation
ADC dst, src
dst ← dst + src + C
ADCX dst, src
Flags Notation:
PS019915-1005
dst ← dst + src + C
Opcode(s)
(Hex)
C
dst
src
r
r
12
r
Ir
R
Z
S
Fetch Instr.
V D H Cycles Cycles
*
*
*
2
3
13
2
4
R
14
3
3
R
IR
15
3
4
R
IM
16
3
3
IR
IM
17
3
4
ER
ER
18
4
3
ER
IM
19
4
3
* = Value is a function of the result of the operation.
- = Unaffected
X = Undefined
*
Flags
*
*
*
*
0
0
*
*
0 = Reset to 0
1 = Set to 1
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
243
Table 132. eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary (Continued)
Address Mode
Assembly
Mnemonic
Symbolic Operation
ADD dst, src
dst ← dst + src
ADDX dst, src
AND dst, src
ANDX dst, src
dst ← dst + src
dst ← dst AND src
dst ← dst AND src
ATM
Block all interrupt and
DMA requests during
execution of the next 3
instructions
BCLR bit, dst
dst[bit] ← 0
BIT p, bit, dst
dst[bit] ← p
BRK
Debugger Break
BSET bit, dst
dst[bit] ← 1
BSWAP dst
dst[7:0] ← dst[0:7]
BTJ p, bit, src, dst if src[bit] = p
PC ← PC + X
Flags Notation:
PS019915-1005
Opcode(s)
(Hex)
C
dst
src
r
r
02
r
Ir
R
*
Flags
Z
S
Fetch Instr.
V D H Cycles Cycles
*
*
*
2
3
03
2
4
R
04
3
3
R
IR
05
3
4
R
IM
06
3
3
IR
IM
07
3
4
ER
ER
08
4
3
ER
IM
09
4
3
r
r
52
2
3
r
Ir
53
2
4
R
R
54
3
3
R
IR
55
3
4
R
IM
56
3
3
IR
IM
57
3
4
ER
ER
58
4
3
ER
IM
59
4
3
*
-
-
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
0
0
0
0
-
-
*
*
-
-
2F
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
r
E2
-
*
*
0
-
-
2
2
r
E2
-
*
*
0
-
-
2
2
00
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
r
E2
-
*
*
0
-
-
2
2
R
D5
X
*
*
0
-
-
2
2
r
F6
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
3
Ir
F7
3
4
* = Value is a function of the result of the operation.
- = Unaffected
X = Undefined
0 = Reset to 0
1 = Set to 1
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
244
Table 132. eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary (Continued)
Assembly
Mnemonic
Address Mode
Symbolic Operation
dst
BTJNZ bit, src, dst if src[bit] = 1
PC ← PC + X
BTJZ bit, src, dst
CALL dst
if src[bit] = 0
PC ← PC + X
SP ← SP -2
@SP ← PC
PC ← dst
CCF
C ← ~C
CLR dst
dst ← 00H
COM dst
CP dst, src
CPC dst, src
CPCX dst, src
Flags Notation:
PS019915-1005
dst ← ~dst
dst - src
dst - src - C
dst - src - C
src
Opcode(s)
(Hex)
C
r
F6
Ir
F7
r
F6
Ir
F7
IRR
D4
DA
D6
-
-
-
Flags
Z
S
Fetch Instr.
V D H Cycles Cycles
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
4
2
6
3
3
EF
*
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
R
B0
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
IR
B1
2
3
R
60
2
2
IR
61
2
3
2
3
-
Ir
A3
2
4
R
R
A4
3
3
R
IR
A5
3
4
R
IM
A6
3
3
IR
IM
A7
3
4
r
r
1F A2
3
3
r
Ir
1F A3
3
4
R
R
1F A4
4
3
R
IR
1F A5
4
4
R
IM
1F A6
4
3
IR
IM
1F A7
4
4
ER
ER
1F A8
5
3
ER
IM
1F A9
5
3
*
*
*
*
*
-
-
r
*
*
-
A2
*
*
0
r
*
*
*
r
* = Value is a function of the result of the operation.
- = Unaffected
X = Undefined
*
*
-
-
-
-
-
0 = Reset to 0
1 = Set to 1
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
245
Table 132. eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary (Continued)
Address Mode
Assembly
Mnemonic
Symbolic Operation
dst
src
CPX dst, src
dst - src
ER
ER
A8
ER
IM
A9
DA dst
DEC dst
DECW dst
dst ← DA(dst)
dst ← dst - 1
dst ← dst - 1
DI
IRQCTL[7] ← 0
DJNZ dst, RA
dst ← dst – 1
if dst ≠ 0
PC ← PC + X
EI
Opcode(s)
(Hex)
C
R
40
IR
41
R
30
IR
31
RR
80
IRR
81
*
*
-
-
Flags
Z
S
Fetch Instr.
V D H Cycles Cycles
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
X
*
*
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
3
4
3
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
3
2
5
2
6
8F
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
0A-FA
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
3
IRQCTL[7] ← 1
9F
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
HALT
HALT Mode
7F
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
INC dst
dst ← dst + 1
R
20
-
*
*
*
-
-
2
2
IR
21
2
3
r
0E-FE
1
2
RR
A0
2
5
IRR
A1
2
6
INCW dst
dst ← dst + 1
IRET
FLAGS ← @SP
SP ← SP + 1
PC ← @SP
SP ← SP + 2
IRQCTL[7] ← 1
JP dst
PC ← dst
r
*
*
*
-
-
BF
*
*
*
*
*
*
1
5
DA
8D
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
2
IRR
C4
2
3
DA
0D-FD
3
2
JP cc, dst
if cc is true
PC ← dst
Flags Notation:
* = Value is a function of the result of the operation.
- = Unaffected
X = Undefined
PS019915-1005
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0 = Reset to 0
1 = Set to 1
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
246
Table 132. eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary (Continued)
Address Mode
Assembly
Mnemonic
Symbolic Operation
dst
JR dst
PC ← PC + X
DA
8B
JR cc, dst
if cc is true
PC ← PC + X
DA
LD dst, rc
dst ← src
LDC dst, src
LDCI dst, src
LDE dst, src
LDEI dst, src
dst ← src
dst ← src
r←r+1
rr ← rr + 1
dst ← src
dst ← src
r←r+1
rr ← rr + 1
src
Opcode(s)
(Hex)
C
Z
S
Fetch Instr.
V D H Cycles Cycles
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
0B-FB
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
r
IM
0C-FC
r
X(r)
C7
3
3
X(r)
r
D7
3
4
r
Ir
E3
2
3
R
R
E4
3
2
R
IR
E5
3
4
R
IM
E6
3
2
IR
IM
E7
3
3
Ir
r
F3
2
3
IR
R
F5
3
3
r
Irr
C2
2
5
Ir
Irr
C5
2
9
Irr
r
D2
2
5
Ir
Irr
C3
2
9
Irr
Ir
D3
2
9
r
Irr
82
2
5
Irr
r
92
2
5
Ir
Irr
83
2
9
Irr
Ir
93
2
9
ER
ER
1F E8
5
4
LDWX dst, src
dst ← src
Flags Notation:
* = Value is a function of the result of the operation.
- = Unaffected
X = Undefined
PS019915-1005
Flags
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0 = Reset to 0
1 = Set to 1
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
247
Table 132. eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary (Continued)
Address Mode
Assembly
Mnemonic
Symbolic Operation
LDX dst, src
dst ← src
LEA dst, X(src)
dst ← src + X
MULT dst
dst[15:0] ←
dst[15:8] * dst[7:0]
NOP
No operation
OR dst, src
dst ← dst OR src
ORX dst, src
Flags Notation:
PS019915-1005
dst ← dst OR src
Opcode(s)
(Hex)
C
dst
src
r
ER
84
Ir
ER
R
Z
S
Fetch Instr.
V D H Cycles Cycles
-
-
-
3
2
85
3
3
IRR
86
3
4
IR
IRR
87
3
5
r
X(rr)
88
3
4
X(rr)
r
89
3
4
ER
r
94
3
2
ER
Ir
95
3
3
IRR
R
96
3
4
IRR
IR
97
3
5
ER
ER
E8
4
2
ER
IM
E9
4
2
r
X(r)
98
3
3
rr
X(rr)
99
3
5
RR
-
Flags
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
F4
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
8
0F
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
-
*
*
0
-
-
2
3
r
r
42
r
Ir
43
2
4
R
R
44
3
3
R
IR
45
3
4
R
IM
46
3
3
IR
IM
47
3
4
ER
ER
48
4
3
ER
IM
49
4
3
* = Value is a function of the result of the operation.
- = Unaffected
X = Undefined
-
*
*
0
-
-
0 = Reset to 0
1 = Set to 1
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
248
Table 132. eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary (Continued)
Assembly
Mnemonic
POP dst
Address Mode
Symbolic Operation
dst
dst ← @SP
SP ← SP + 1
src
Opcode(s)
(Hex)
C
R
50
IR
51
-
Flags
Z
S
Fetch Instr.
V D H Cycles Cycles
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
2
3
POPX dst
dst ← @SP
SP ← SP + 1
ER
D8
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
2
PUSH src
SP ← SP – 1
@SP ← src
R
70
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
IR
71
2
3
IM
1F 70
3
2
ER
C8
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
2
PUSHX src
SP ← SP – 1
@SP ← src
RCF
C←0
CF
0
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
RET
PC ← @SP
SP ← SP + 2
AF
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
4
R
90
*
*
*
*
-
-
2
2
IR
91
2
3
R
10
2
2
IR
11
2
3
R
E0
2
2
IR
E1
2
3
R
C0
2
2
IR
C1
2
3
RL dst
C
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
dst
RLC dst
C
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
dst
RR dst
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
dst
C
RRC dst
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
dst
Flags Notation:
PS019915-1005
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
-
-
-
-
-
-
C
* = Value is a function of the result of the operation.
- = Unaffected
X = Undefined
0 = Reset to 0
1 = Set to 1
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
249
Table 132. eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary (Continued)
Address Mode
Assembly
Mnemonic
Symbolic Operation
SBC dst, src
dst ← dst – src - C
SBCX dst, src
SCF
dst ← dst – src - C
SRL dst
0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
dst
C
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
dst
C
SRP src
RP ← src
STOP
STOP Mode
SUB dst, src
dst ← dst – src
SUBX dst, src
SWAP dst
Flags Notation:
PS019915-1005
dst
src
r
r
32
r
Ir
R
dst ← dst – src
dst[7:4] ↔ dst[3:0]
*
Flags
Z
S
Fetch Instr.
V D H Cycles Cycles
*
*
*
2
3
33
2
4
R
34
3
3
R
IR
35
3
4
R
IM
36
3
3
IR
IM
37
3
4
ER
ER
38
4
3
ER
IM
39
4
3
C←1
SRA dst
Opcode(s)
(Hex)
C
*
*
*
*
1
1
*
*
DF
1
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
R
D0
*
*
*
0
-
-
2
2
IR
D1
2
3
R
1F C0
3
2
IR
1F C1
3
3
IM
*
*
0
*
-
-
01
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
6F
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
*
*
*
*
1
*
2
3
r
r
22
r
Ir
23
2
4
R
R
24
3
3
R
IR
25
3
4
R
IM
26
3
3
IR
IM
27
3
4
ER
ER
28
4
3
ER
IM
29
4
3
2
2
2
3
R
F0
IR
F1
* = Value is a function of the result of the operation.
- = Unaffected
X = Undefined
*
X
*
*
*
*
*
X
1
-
*
-
0 = Reset to 0
1 = Set to 1
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
250
Table 132. eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary (Continued)
Address Mode
Assembly
Mnemonic
Symbolic Operation
TCM dst, src
(NOT dst) AND src
TCMX dst, src
TM dst, src
TMX dst, src
TRAP Vector
WDT
Flags Notation:
PS019915-1005
(NOT dst) AND src
dst AND src
dst AND src
SP ← SP – 2
@SP ← PC
SP ← SP – 1
@SP ← FLAGS
PC ← @Vector
Opcode(s)
(Hex)
C
dst
src
r
r
62
r
Ir
R
Z
S
Fetch Instr.
V D H Cycles Cycles
*
*
0
2
3
63
2
4
R
64
3
3
R
IR
65
3
4
R
IM
66
3
3
IR
IM
67
3
4
ER
ER
68
4
3
ER
IM
69
4
3
r
r
72
2
3
r
Ir
73
2
4
R
R
74
3
3
R
IR
75
3
4
R
IM
76
3
3
IR
IM
77
3
4
ER
ER
78
4
3
ER
IM
79
4
3
Vector
F2
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
6
5F
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
* = Value is a function of the result of the operation.
- = Unaffected
X = Undefined
-
Flags
-
-
-
*
*
*
*
*
*
0
0
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0 = Reset to 0
1 = Set to 1
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
251
Table 132. eZ8 CPU Instruction Summary (Continued)
Address Mode
Assembly
Mnemonic
Symbolic Operation
XOR dst, src
dst ← dst XOR src
XORX dst, src
Flags Notation:
PS019915-1005
dst ← dst XOR src
Opcode(s)
(Hex)
C
dst
src
r
r
B2
r
Ir
R
Z
S
Fetch Instr.
V D H Cycles Cycles
*
*
0
2
3
B3
2
4
R
B4
3
3
R
IR
B5
3
4
R
IM
B6
3
3
IR
IM
B7
3
4
ER
ER
B8
4
3
ER
IM
B9
4
3
* = Value is a function of the result of the operation.
- = Unaffected
X = Undefined
-
Flags
-
*
*
0
-
-
-
-
0 = Reset to 0
1 = Set to 1
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
252
Flags Register
The Flags Register contains the status information regarding the most recent arithmetic,
logical, bit manipulation or rotate and shift operation. The Flags Register contains six bits
of status information that are set or cleared by CPU operations. Four of the bits (C, V, Z
and S) can be tested for use with conditional jump instructions. Two flags (H and D) cannot be tested and are used for Binary-Coded Decimal (BCD) arithmetic.
The two remaining bits, User Flags (F1 and F2), are available as general-purpose status
bits. User Flags are unaffected by arithmetic operations and must be set or cleared by
instructions. The User Flags cannot be used with conditional Jumps. They are undefined at
initial power-up and are unaffected by Reset. Figure 58 illustrates the flags and their bit
positions in the Flags Register.
Bit
7
C
Bit
0
Z
S
V
D
H F2 F1
Flags Register
User Flags
Half Carry Flag
Decimal Adjust Flag
Overflow Flag
Sign Flag
Zero Flag
Carry Flag
U = Undefined
Figure 58. Flags Register
Interrupts, the Software Trap (TRAP) instruction, and Illegal Instruction Traps all write
the value of the Flags Register to the stack. Executing an Interrupt Return (IRET) instruction restores the value saved on the stack into the Flags Register.
PS019915-1005
eZ8 CPU Instruction Set
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
253
Opcode Maps
A description of the opcode map data and the abbreviations are provided in Figure 59 and
Table 132. Figures 60 and 61 provide information on each of the eZ8 CPU instructions.
Opcode
Lower Nibble
Fetch Cycles
Instruction Cycles
4
3.3
Opcode
Upper Nibble
A
CP
R2,R1
First Operand
After Assembly
Second Operand
After Assembly
Figure 59. Opcode Map Cell Description
PS019915-1005
Opcode Maps
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
254
Table 132. Opcode Map Abbreviations
Abbreviation
Description
Abbreviation
Description
b
Bit position
IRR
Indirect Register Pair
cc
Condition code
p
Polarity (0 or 1)
X
8-bit signed index or displacement r
4-bit Working Register
DA
Destination address
R
8-bit register
ER
Extended Addressing register
r1, R1, Ir1, Irr1, IR1, rr1, Destination address
RR1, IRR1, ER1
IM
Immediate data value
r2, R2, Ir2, Irr2, IR2, rr2, Source address
RR2, IRR2, ER2
Ir
Indirect Working Register
RA
Relative
IR
Indirect register
rr
Working Register Pair
Irr
Indirect Working Register Pair
RR
Register Pair
PS019915-1005
Opcode Maps
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
255
0
1
2
3
4
5
Upper Nibble (Hex)
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
1.2
2.2
2.3
2.4
3.3
3.4
3.3
BRK
SRP
ADD
ADD
ADD
ADD
ADD
ADD
IM
r1,r2
r1,Ir2
R2,R1
IR2,R1
R1,IM
IR1,IM ER2,ER1 IM,ER1
A
B
C
D
E
F
3.4
4.3
4.3
A
B
C
D
E
F
2.3
2.2
2.2
3.2
1.2
1.2
NOP
ADDX ADDX DJNZ
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.4
RLC
RLC
ADC
ADC
ADC
ADC
ADC
ADC
4.3
4.3
IR1,IM ER2,ER1 IM,ER1
ADCX ADCX
R1
IR1
r1,r2
r1,Ir2
R2,R1
IR2,R1
R1,IM
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.4
INC
INC
SUB
SUB
SUB
SUB
SUB
SUB
IR1,IM ER2,ER1 IM,ER1
4.3
4.3
SUBX SUBX
R1
IR1
r1,r2
r1,Ir2
R2,R1
IR2,R1
R1,IM
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.4
DEC
DEC
SBC
SBC
SBC
SBC
SBC
SBC
IR1,IM ER2,ER1 IM,ER1
4.3
r1,X
JR
LD
JP
INC
cc,X
r1,IM
cc,DA
r1
See 2nd
Opcode
Map
1,2
ATM
4.3
SBCX SBCX
R1
IR1
r1,r2
r1,Ir2
R2,R1
IR2,R1
R1,IM
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.4
4.3
4.3
DA
DA
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
ORX
ORX
R1
IR1
r1,r2
r1,Ir2
R2,R1
IR2,R1
R1,IM
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.4
POP
POP
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
IR1,IM ER2,ER1 IM,ER1
IR1,IM ER2,ER1 IM,ER1
4.3
4.3
ANDX ANDX
1.2
WDT
R1
IR1
r1,r2
r1,Ir2
R2,R1
IR2,R1
R1,IM
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.4
COM
COM
TCM
TCM
TCM
TCM
TCM
TCM
R1
IR1
r1,r2
r1,Ir2
R2,R1
IR2,R1
R1,IM
IR1,IM ER2,ER1 IM,ER1
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.4
4.3
4.3
1.2
TM
TM
TM
TM
TM
TM
TMX
TMX
HALT
PUSH PUSH
4.3
4.3
TCMX TCMX
1.2
STOP
R2
IR2
r1,r2
r1,Ir2
R2,R1
IR2,R1
R1,IM
2.5
2.6
2.5
2.9
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.4
1.2
LDE
LDEI
LDX
LDX
LDX
LDX
LDX
LDX
DI
r1,Irr2
Ir1,Irr2
r1,ER2
DECW DECW
RR1
9
Lower Nibble (Hex)
7
8
9
0
IRR1
IR1,IM ER2,ER1 IM,ER1
Ir1,ER2 IRR2,R1 IRR2,IR1 r1,rr2,X
rr1,r2,X
2.2
2.3
2.5
2.9
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.3
3.5
1.2
RL
RL
LDE
LDEI
LDX
LDX
LDX
LDX
LEA
LEA
EI
R1
IR1
r2,Irr1
Ir2,Irr1
r2,ER1
2.5
2.6
INCW INCW
Ir2,ER1 R2,IRR1 IR2,IRR1 r1,r2,X
rr1,rr2,X
2.3
2.4
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.4
4.3
4.3
1.4
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CP
CPX
CPX
RET
RR1
IRR1
r1,r2
r1,Ir2
R2,R1
IR2,R1
R1,IM
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
3.3
3.4
3.3
IR1,IM ER2,ER1 IM,ER1
3.4
CLR
CLR
XOR
XOR
XOR
XOR
XOR
XOR
R1,IM
IR1,IM ER2,ER1 IM,ER1
4.3
4.3
XORX XORX
1.5
IRET
R1
IR1
r1,r2
r1,Ir2
R2,R1
IR2,R1
2.2
2.3
2.5
2.9
2.3
2.9
3.4
3.2
1.2
RRC
RRC
LDC
LDCI
JP
LDC
LD
PUSHX
RCF
r1,r2,X
ER2
R1
IR1
r1,Irr2
Ir1,Irr2
IRR1
Ir1,Irr2
2.2
2.3
2.5
2.9
2.6
2.2
SRA
SRA
LDC
LDCI
3.3
CALL BSWAP CALL
3.4
3.2
1.2
LD
POPX
SCF
ER1
R1
IR1
r2,Irr1
Ir2,Irr1
IRR1
R1
DA
r2,r1,X
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.3
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.3
4.2
4.2
1.2
RR
RR
BIT
LD
LD
LD
LD
LD
LDX
LDX
CCF
R1
IR1
p,b,r1
r1,Ir2
R2,R1
IR2,R1
R1,IM
2.2
2.3
2.6
2.3
2.8
3.3
3.3
3.4
LD
MULT
LD
BTJ
BTJ
Ir1,r2
RR1
R2,IR1
SWAP SWAP TRAP
R1
IR1
Vector
IR1,IM ER2,ER1 IM,ER1
p,b,r1,X p,b,Ir1,X
Figure 60. First Opcode Map
PS019915-1005
Opcode Maps
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
256
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Lower Nibble (Hex)
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
0
1
2
3
4
5
Upper Nibble (Hex)
6
7
3,2
PUSH
IM
8
9
A
3.3
3.4
4.3
4.4
4.3
4.4
CPC
CPC
CPC
CPC
CPC
CPC
5.3
5.3
r1,r2
r1,Ir2
R2,R1
IR2,R1
R1,IM
IR1,IM ER2,ER1 IM,ER1
CPCX CPCX
B
C
3.2
3.3
SRL
SRL
R1
IR1
D
5,4
E
LDWX
ER2,ER1
F
Figure 61. Second Opcode Map after 1FH
PS019915-1005
Opcode Maps
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
257
Packaging
Figure 62 illustrates the 40-pin PDIP (plastic dual-inline package) available for the
Z8X1601, Z8X2401, Z8X3201, Z8X4801, and Z8X6401 devices.
Figure 62. 40-Lead Plastic Dual-Inline Package (PDIP)
PS019915-1005
Packaging
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
258
Figure 63 illustrates the 44-pin LQFP (low profile quad flat package) available for the
Z8X1621, Z8X2421, Z8X3221, Z8X4821, and Z8X6421 devices.
HD
A
D
A2
A1
E
HE
DETAIL A
LE
c
b
e
L
0-7°
Figure 63. 44-Lead Low-Profile Quad Flat Package (LQFP)
PS019915-1005
Packaging
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
259
Figure 64 illustrates the 44-pin PLCC (plastic lead chip carrier) package available for the
Z8X1621, Z8X2421, Z8X3221, Z8X4821, and Z8X6421 devices.
A
D
D1
0.71/0.51
.028/.020
40
1
7
39
E1 E
M
e
0.51/0.36
0.020/0.014
0.81/0.66
0.032/0.026
17
29
18
28
R 1.14/0.64
0.045/0.025
D2
DIM. FROM CENTER TO CENTER OF RADII
6
A1
1.321/1.067
0.052/0.042
45°
SYMBOL
A
MILLIMETER
INCH
MIN
MAX
MIN
MAX
4.27
4.57
0.168
0.180
A1
2.41
2.92
0.095
0.115
D/E
17.40
17.65
0.685
0.695
D1/E1
16.51
16.66
0.650
0.656
D2
15.24
16.00
0.600
0.630
e
1.27 BSC
0.050 BSC
NOTES:
1. CONTROLLING DIMENSION : INCH
2. LEADS ARE COPLANAR WITHIN 0.004".
3. DIMENSION : MM
INCH
Figure 64. 44-Lead Plastic Lead Chip Carrier Package (PLCC)
Figure 64 illustrates the 64-pin LQFP (low-profile quad flat package) available for the
Z8X1622, Z8X2422, Z8X3222, Z8X4822, and Z8X6422 devices.
A
HD
A2
D
A1
E
HE
DETAIL A
LE
c
e
b
L
0-7°
Figure 65. 64-Lead Low-Profile Quad Flat Package (LQFP)
PS019915-1005
Packaging
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
260
Figure 66 illustrates the 68-pin PLCC (plastic lead chip carrier) package available for the
Z8X1622, Z8X2422, Z8X3222, Z8X4822, and Z8X6422 devices.
Figure 66. 68-Lead Plastic Lead Chip Carrier Package (PLCC)
PS019915-1005
Packaging
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
261
Figure 67 illustrates the 80-pin QFP (quad flat package) available for the Z8X4823 and
Z8X6423 devices.
HD
A2
D
64
A1
41
65
40
E
80
HE
25
SYMBOL
MAX
MIN
MAX
A1
0.10
0.38
.004
.015
A2
2.60
2.80
.102
.110
b
0.30
0.45
.012
.018
c
0.13
0.20
.005
.008
HD
23.70
24.15
.933
.951
D
19.90
20.10
.783
.791
HE
17.70
18.15
.697
.715
E
13.90
14.10
.547
.555
e
L
1
0.80 BSC
0.70
1.10
.0315 BSC
.028
.043
c
24
b
INCH
MILLIMETER
MIN
DETAIL A
e
NOTES:
CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS : MILLIMETER
2. LEAD COPLANARITY : MAX .10
.004"
L
0-10°
DETAIL A
Figure 67. 80-Lead Quad-Flat Package (QFP)
PS019915-1005
Packaging
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
262
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F6421AN020SC
64KB
4KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F6421VN020SC
64KB
4KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F6422AR020SC
64KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F6422VS020SC
64KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
Z8F6423FT020SC
64KB
4KB
60 24
4
12
1
1
2 QFP 80-pin package
Description
UARTs with IrDA
8
I 2C
3
Interrupts
29 23
I/O Lines
4KB
RAM
64KB
Flash
Z8F6421PM020SC
Part Number
SPI
10-Bit A/D Channels
16-Bit Timers w/PWM
Ordering Information
Z8F642x with 64KB Flash, 10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter
Standard Temperature: 0° to 70°C
Extended Temperature: –40° to +105°C
Z8F6421PM020EC
64KB
4KB
29 23
3
8
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F6421AN020EC
64KB
4KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F6421VN020EC
64KB
4KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F6422AR020EC
64KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F6422VS020EC
64KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
Z8F6423FT020EC
64KB
4KB
60 24
4
12
1
1
2 QFP 80-pin package
Automotive/Industrial Temperature: –40° to +125°C
Z8F6421PM020AC
64KB
4KB
29 23
3
8
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F6421AN020AC
64KB
4KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F6421VN020AC
64KB
4KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F6422AR020AC
64KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F6422VS020AC
64KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
Z8F6423FT020AC
64KB
4KB
60 24
4
12
1
1
2 QFP 80-pin package
Note: Replace C with G for lead-free packaging.
PS019915-1005
Ordering Information
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F4821AN020SC
48KB
4KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F4821VN020SC
48KB
4KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F4822AR020SC
48KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F4822VS020SC
48KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
Z8F4823FT020SC
48KB
4KB
60 24
4
12
1
1
2 QFP 80-pin package
Description
UARTs with IrDA
8
I 2C
3
Interrupts
29 23
I/O Lines
4KB
RAM
48KB
Flash
Z8F4821PM020SC
Part Number
SPI
10-Bit A/D Channels
16-Bit Timers w/PWM
263
Z8F482x with 48KB Flash, 10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter
Standard Temperature: 0° to 70°C
Extended Temperature: –40° to +105°C
Z8F4821PM020EC
48KB
4KB
29 23
3
8
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F4821AN020EC
48KB
4KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F4821VN020EC
48KB
4KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F4822AR020EC
48KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F4822VS020EC
48KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
Z8F4823FT020EC
48KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 QFP 80-pin package
Automotive/Industrial Temperature: –40° to +125°C
Z8F4821PM020AC
48KB
4KB
29 23
3
8
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F4821AN020AC
48KB
4KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F4821VN020AC
48KB
4KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F4822AR020AC
48KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F4822VS020AC
48KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
Z8F4823FT020AC
48KB
4KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 QFP 80-pin package
Note: Replace C with G for lead-free packaging.
PS019915-1005
Ordering Information
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
8
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F3221AN020SC
32KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F3221VN020SC
32KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F3222AR020SC
32KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F3222VS020SC
32KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
RAM
Description
UARTs with IrDA
3
I 2C
29 23
Interrupts
2KB
I/O Lines
32KB
Flash
Z8F3221PM020SC
Part Number
SPI
10-Bit A/D Channels
16-Bit Timers w/PWM
264
Z8F322x with 32KB Flash, 10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter
Standard Temperature: 0° to 70°C
Extended Temperature: –40° to 105°C
Z8F3221PM020EC
32KB
2KB
29 23
3
8
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F3221AN020EC
32KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F3221VN020EC
32KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F3222AR020EC
32KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F3222VS020EC
32KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
Automotive/Industrial Temperature: –40° to 125°C
Z8F3221PM020AC
32KB
2KB
29 23
3
8
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F3221AN020AC
32KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F3221VN020AC
32KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F3222AR020AC
32KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F3222VS020AC
32KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
Note: Replace C with G for lead-free packaging.
PS019915-1005
Ordering Information
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
8
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F2421AN020SC
24KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F2421VN020SC
24KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F2422AR020SC
24KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F2422VS020SC
24KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
RAM
Description
UARTs with IrDA
3
I 2C
29 23
Interrupts
2KB
I/O Lines
24KB
Flash
Z8F2421PM020SC
Part Number
SPI
10-Bit A/D Channels
16-Bit Timers w/PWM
265
Z8F242x with 24KB Flash, 10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter
Standard Temperature: 0° to 70°C
Extended Temperature: –40° to 105°C
Z8F2421PM020EC
24KB
2KB
29 23
3
8
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F2421AN020EC
24KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F2421VN020EC
24KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F2422AR020EC
24KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F2422VS020EC
24KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
Automotive/Industrial Temperature: –40° to 125°C
Z8F2421PM020AC
24KB
2KB
29 23
3
8
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F2421AN020AC
24KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F2421VN020AC
24KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F2422AR020AC
24KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F2422VS020AC
24KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
Note: Replace C with G for lead-free packaging.
PS019915-1005
Ordering Information
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
8
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F1621AN020SC
16KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F1621VN020SC
16KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F1622AR020SC
16KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F1622VS020SC
16KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
Flash
Description
UARTs with IrDA
3
I 2C
29 23
Interrupts
2KB
I/O Lines
16KB
RAM
Z8F1621PM020SC
Part Number
SPI
10-Bit A/D Channels
16-Bit Timers w/PWM
266
Z8F162x with 16KB Flash, 10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter
Standard Temperature: 0° to 70°C
Extended Temperature: –40° to +105°C
Z8F1621PM020EC
16KB
2KB
29 23
3
8
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F1621AN020EC
16KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F1621VN020EC
16KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F1622AR020EC
16KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F1622VS020EC
16KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
Automotive/Industrial Temperature: –40° to +125°C
Z8F1621PM020AC
16KB
2KB
29 23
3
8
1
1
2 PDIP 40-pin package
Z8F1621AN020AC
16KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 LQFP 44-pin package
Z8F1621VN020AC
16KB
2KB
31 23
3
8
1
1
2 PLCC 44-pin package
Z8F1622AR020AC
16KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 LQFP 64-pin package
Z8F1622VS020AC
16KB
2KB
46 24
4
12
1
1
2 PLCC 68-pin package
Z8F64200100KIT
Development Kit
Note: Replace C with G for lead-free packaging.
For technical and customer support, hardware and software development tools, visit the
ZiLOG web site at www.zilog.com. The latest released version of ZDS can be downloaded from this site.
PS019915-1005
Ordering Information
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
267
Part Number Suffix Designations
Z8
F
64 21 A
N 020 S
C
Environmental Flow: C = Plastic Standard
G = Lead Free Package
Temperature Range (°C):
S = Standard, 0 to 70
E = Extended, –40 to +105
A = Automotive/Industrial, –40 to +125
Speed:
020 = 20MHz
Pin Count:
M = 40 pins
N = 44 pins
R = 64 pins
S = 68 pins
T = 80 pins
Package:
A = LQFP
F = QFP
P = PDIP
V = PLCC
Device Type
Memory Size:
64 KB Flash, 4 KB RAM
48 KB Flash, 4 KB RAM
32 KB Flash, 2 KB RAM
24 KB Flash, 2 KB RAM
16 KB Flash, 2 KB RAM
Memory Type:
F = Flash
Device Family
Example: Part number Z8F6421AN020SC is an 8-bit microcontroller product in an LQFP package,
using 44 pins, operating with a maximum 20MHz external clock frequency over a 0ºC to +70ºC
temperature range and built using the Plastic-Standard environmental flow.
PS019915-1005
Ordering Information
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
268
Document Information
Document Number Description
The Document Control Number that appears in the footer on each page of this document
contains unique identifying attributes, as indicated in the following table:
PS019915-1005
PS
Product Specification
0199
Unique Document Number
07
Revision Number
0204
Month and Year Published
Ordering Information
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
269
Customer Feedback Form
The Z8 Encore!® 64K Series Product Specification
If you experience any problems while operating this product, or if you note any inaccuracies while reading
this Product Specification, please copy and complete this form, then mail or fax it to ZiLOG (see Return
Information, below). We also welcome your suggestions!
Customer Information
Name
Country
Company
Phone
Address
Fax
City/State/Zip
E-Mail
Product Information
Part #, Serial #, Board Fab #, or Rev. #
Software Version
Document Number
Host Computer Description/Type
Return Information
ZiLOG, Inc.
532 Race Street
San Jose, CA 95126
Fax: (408) 558-8536
Problem Description or Suggestion
Provide a complete description of the problem or your suggestion. If you are reporting a specific problem,
include all steps leading up to the occurrence of the problem. Attach additional pages as necessary.
______________________________________________________________________________________
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PS019915-1005
Ordering Information
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
270
Index
Symbols
# 236
% 236
@ 236
additional symbols 236
address space 17
ADDX 238
analog signals 14
analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 171
AND 241
ANDX 241
arithmetic instructions 238
assembly language programming 233
assembly language syntax 234
Numerics
10-bit ADC 4
40-lead plastic dual-inline package 257
44-lead low-profile quad flat package 258
44-lead plastic lead chip carrier package 259
64-lead low-profile quad flat package 259
68-lead plastic lead chip carrier package 260
80-lead quad flat package 261
A
absolute maximum ratings 209
AC characteristics 224
ADC 238
architecture 171
automatic power-down 172
block diagram 172
continuous conversion 173
control register 175
control register definitions 175
data high byte register 176
data low bits register 176
DMA control 174
electrical characteristics and timing 222
operation 172
single-shot conversion 173
ADCCTL register 175
ADCDH register 176
ADCDL register 176
ADCX 238
ADD 238
add - extended addressing 238
add with carry 238
add with carry - extended addressing 238
PS019915-1005
B
B 236
b 235
baud rate generator, UART 108
BCLR 239
binary number suffix 236
BIT 239
bit 235
clear 239
manipulation instructions 239
set 239
set or clear 239
swap 239
test and jump 241
test and jump if non-zero 241
test and jump if zero 241
bit jump and test if non-zero 241
bit swap 242
block diagram 3
block transfer instructions 239
BRK 241
BSET 239
BSWAP 239, 242
BTJ 241
BTJNZ 241
BTJZ 241
C
CALL procedure 241
capture mode 89
capture/compare mode 89
Index
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
271
cc 235
CCF 240
characteristics, electrical 209
clear 240
clock phase (SPI) 128
CLR 240
COM 241
compare 89
compare - extended addressing 238
compare mode 89
compare with carry 238
compare with carry - extended addressing 238
complement 241
complement carry flag 239, 240
condition code 235
continuous conversion (ADC) 173
continuous mode 89
control register definition, UART 109
control register, I2C 155
counter modes 89
CP 238
CPC 238
CPCX 238
CPU and peripheral overview 3
CPU control instructions 240
CPX 238
customer feedback form 269
customer information 269
direct address 235
direct memory access controller 161
disable interrupts 240
DJNZ 241
DMA
address high nibble register 165
configuring for DMA_ADC data transfer 163
confiigurting DMA0-1 data transfer 162
control of ADC 174
control register 163
control register definitions 163
controller 5
DMA_ADC address register 167
DMA_ADC control register 168
DMA_ADC operation 162
end address low byte register 166
I/O address register 165
operation 161
start/current address low byte register 166
status register 169
DMAA_STAT register 169
DMAACTL register 168
DMAxCTL register 164
DMAxEND register 167
DMAxH register 165
DMAxI/O address (DMAxIO) 165
DMAxIO register 165
DMAxSTART register 166
document number description 268
dst 236
D
DA 235, 238
data register, I2C 152
DC characteristics 211
debugger, on-chip 193
DEC 238
decimal adjust 238
decrement 238
decrement and jump non-zero 241
decrement word 238
DECW 238
destination operand 236
device, port availability 51
DI 240
PS019915-1005
E
EI 240
electrical characteristics 209
ADC 222
flash memory and timing 221
GPIO input data sample timing 225
watch-dog timer 221
enable interrupt 240
ER 235
extended addressing register 235
external pin reset 46
external RC oscillator 220
Index
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
272
eZ8 CPU features 3
eZ8 CPU instruction classes 238
eZ8 CPU instruction notation 234
eZ8 CPU instruction set 233
eZ8 CPU instruction summary 242
control register definitions 54
input data sample timing 225
interrupts 54
port A-H address registers 55
port A-H alternate function sub-registers 57
port A-H control registers 56
port A-H data direction sub-registers 57
port A-H high drive enable sub-registers 59
port A-H input data registers 60
port A-H output control sub-registers 58
port A-H output data registers 61
port A-H STOP mode recovery sub-registers 59
port availability by device 51
port input timing 225
port output timing 226
F
FCTL register 185
features, Z8 Encore! 1
first opcode map 255
FLAGS 236
flags register 236
flash
controller 4
option bit address space 190
option bit configuration - reset 190
program memory address 0001H 192
flash memory
arrangement 179
byte programming 182
code protection 181
configurations 178
control register definitions 185
controller bypass 184
electrical characteristics and timing 221
flash control register 185
flash status register 186
frequency high and low byte registers 189
mass erase 184
operation 180
operation timing 181
page erase 183
page select register 187
FPS register 187
FSTAT register 186
G
gated mode 89
general-purpose I/O 51
GPIO 4, 51
alternate functions 52
architecture 52
PS019915-1005
H
H 236
HALT 240
halt mode 50, 240
hexadecimal number prefix/suffix 236
I
I2C 4
10-bit address read transaction 150
10-bit address transaction 147
10-bit addressed slave data transfer format 147
10-bit receive data format 150
7-bit address transaction 145
7-bit address, reading a transaction 149
7-bit addressed slave data transfer format 144,
145, 146
7-bit receive data transfer format 149
baud high and low byte registers 156, 158, 160
C status register 153
control register definitions 152
controller 139
controller signals 13
interrupts 141
operation 140
SDA and SCL signals 141
stop and start conditions 143
Index
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
273
I2CBRH register 157, 158, 160
I2CBRL register 157
I2CCTL register 155
I2CDATA register 153
I2CSTAT register 153
IM 235
immediate data 235
immediate operand prefix 236
INC 238
increment 238
increment word 238
INCW 238
indexed 235
indirect address prefix 236
indirect register 235
indirect register pair 235
indirect working register 235
indirect working register pair 235
infrared encoder/decoder (IrDA) 120
instruction set, ez8 CPU 233
instructions
ADC 238
ADCX 238
ADD 238
ADDX 238
AND 241
ANDX 241
arithmetic 238
BCLR 239
BIT 239
bit manipulation 239
block transfer 239
BRK 241
BSET 239
BSWAP 239, 242
BTJ 241
BTJNZ 241
BTJZ 241
CALL 241
CCF 239, 240
CLR 240
COM 241
CP 238
CPC 238
PS019915-1005
CPCX 238
CPU control 240
CPX 238
DA 238
DEC 238
DECW 238
DI 240
DJNZ 241
EI 240
HALT 240
INC 238
INCW 238
IRET 241
JP 241
LD 240
LDC 240
LDCI 239, 240
LDE 240
LDEI 239
LDX 240
LEA 240
load 240
logical 241
MULT 238
NOP 240
OR 241
ORX 241
POP 240
POPX 240
program control 241
PUSH 240
PUSHX 240
RCF 239, 240
RET 241
RL 242
RLC 242
rotate and shift 242
RR 242
RRC 242
SBC 239
SCF 239, 240
SRA 242
SRL 242
SRP 240
Index
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
274
STOP 240
SUB 239
SUBX 239
SWAP 242
TCM 239
TCMX 239
TM 239
TMX 239
TRAP 241
watch-dog timer refresh 240
XOR 241
XORX 241
instructions, eZ8 classes of 238
interrupt control register 74
interrupt controller 5, 62
architecture 62
interrupt assertion types 65
interrupt vectors and priority 65
operation 64
register definitions 66
software interrupt assertion 65
interrupt edge select register 72
interrupt port select register 73
interrupt request 0 register 66
interrupt request 1 register 67
interrupt request 2 register 68
interrupt return 241
interrupt vector listing 62
interrupts
not acknowledge 141
receive 141
SPI 131
transmit 141
UART 106
introduction 1
IR 235
Ir 235
IrDA
architecture 120
block diagram 120
control register definitions 124
operation 121
receiving data 122
transmitting data 121
PS019915-1005
IRET 241
IRQ0 enable high and low bit registers 69
IRQ1 enable high and low bit registers 70
IRQ2 enable high and low bit registers 71
IRR 235
Irr 235
J
JP 241
jump, conditional, relative, and relative conditional
241
L
LD 240
LDC 240
LDCI 239, 240
LDE 240
LDEI 239, 240
LDX 240
LEA 240
load 240
load constant 239
load constant to/from program memory 240
load constant with auto-increment addresses 240
load effective address 240
load external data 240
load external data to/from data memory and autoincrement addresses 239
load external to/from data memory and auto-increment addresses 240
load instructions 240
load using extended addressing 240
logical AND 241
logical AND/extended addressing 241
logical exclusive OR 241
logical exclusive OR/extended addressing 241
logical instructions 241
logical OR 241
logical OR/extended addressing 241
low power modes 49
LQFP
44 lead 258
Index
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
275
64 lead 259
X 235
notational shorthand 235
M
master interrupt enable 64
master-in, slave-out and-in 127
memory
program 18
MISO 127
mode
capture 89
capture/compare 89
continuous 89
counter 89
gated 89
one-shot 89
PWM 89
modes 89
MOSI 127
MULT 238
multiply 238
multiprocessor mode, UART 104
N
NOP (no operation) 240
not acknowledge interrupt 141
notation
b 235
cc 235
DA 235
ER 235
IM 235
IR 235
Ir 235
IRR 235
Irr 235
p 235
R 235
r 235
RA 235
RR 235
rr 235
vector 235
PS019915-1005
O
OCD
architecture 193
auto-baud detector/generator 196
baud rate limits 196
block diagram 193
breakpoints 197
commands 198
control register 202
data format 196
DBG pin to RS-232 Interface 194
debug mode 195
debugger break 241
interface 194
serial errors 197
status register 204
timing 227
OCD commands
execute instruction (12H) 202
read data memory (0DH) 201
read OCD control register (05H) 200
read OCD revision (00H) 199
read OCD status register (02H) 199
read program counter (07H) 200
read program memory (0BH) 201
read program memory CRC (0EH) 201
read register (09H) 200
step instruction (10H) 202
stuff instruction (11H) 202
write data memory (0CH) 201
write OCD control register (04H) 199
write program counter (06H) 200
write program memory (0AH) 200
write register (08H) 200
on-chip debugger 5
on-chip debugger (OCD) 193
on-chip debugger signals 15
on-chip oscillator 205
one-shot mode 89
opcode map
Index
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
276
abbreviations 254
cell description 253
first 255
second after 1FH 256
Operational Description 98
OR 241
ordering information 262
ORX 241
oscillator signals 14
problem description or suggestion 269
product information 269
program control instructions 241
program counter 236
program memory 18
PUSH 240
push using extended addressing 240
PUSHX 240
PWM mode 89
PxADDR register 55
PxCTL register 56
P
p 235
packaging
LQFP
44 lead 258
64 lead 259
PDIP 257
PLCC
44 lead 259
68 lead 260
QFP 261
part number description 267
part selection guide 2
PC 236
PDIP 257
peripheral AC and DC electrical characteristics 219
PHASE=0 timing (SPI) 129
PHASE=1 timing (SPI) 130
pin characteristics 16
PLCC
44 lead 259
68-lead 260
polarity 235
POP 240
pop using extended addressing 240
POPX 240
port availability, device 51
port input timing (GPIO) 225
port output timing, GPIO 226
power supply signals 15
power-down, automatic (ADC) 172
power-on and voltage brown-out 219
power-on reset (POR) 44
PS019915-1005
Q
QFP 261
R
R 235
r 235
RA
register address 235
RCF 239, 240
receive
10-bit data format (I2C) 150
7-bit data transfer format (I2C) 149
IrDA data 122
receive interrupt 141
receiving UART data-interrupt-driven method 103
receiving UART data-polled method 102
register 136, 165, 235
ADC control (ADCCTL) 175
ADC data high byte (ADCDH) 176
ADC data low bits (ADCDL) 176
baud low and high byte (I2C) 156, 158, 160
baud rate high and low byte (SPI) 138
control (SPI) 133
control, I2C 155
data, SPI 133
DMA status (DMAA_STAT) 169
DMA_ADC address 167
DMA_ADC control DMAACTL) 168
DMAx address high nibble (DMAxH) 165
DMAx control (DMAxCTL) 164
Index
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
277
DMAx end/address low byte (DMAxEND) 167
DMAx start/current address low byte register
(DMAxSTART) 166
flash control (FCTL) 185
flash high and low byte (FFREQH and FREEQL) 189
flash page select (FPS) 187
flash status (FSTAT) 186
GPIO port A-H address (PxADDR) 55
GPIO port A-H alternate function sub-registers
57
GPIO port A-H control address (PxCTL) 56
GPIO port A-H data direction sub-registers 57
I2C baud rate high (I2CBRH) 157, 158, 160
I2C control (I2CCTL) 155
I2C data (I2CDATA) 153
I2C status 153
I2C status (I2CSTAT) 153
I2Cbaud rate low (I2CBRL) 157
mode, SPI 136
OCD control 202
OCD status 204
SPI baud rate high byte (SPIBRH) 138
SPI baud rate low byte (SPIBRL) 138
SPI control (SPICTL) 134
SPI data (SPIDATA) 133
SPI status (SPISTAT) 135
status, I2C 153
status, SPI 135
UARTx baud rate high byte (UxBRH) 116
UARTx baud rate low byte (UxBRL) 116
UARTx Control 0 (UxCTL0) 112, 115
UARTx control 1 (UxCTL1) 113
UARTx receive data (UxRXD) 110
UARTx status 0 (UxSTAT0) 110
UARTx status 1 (UxSTAT1) 112
UARTx transmit data (UxTXD) 109
watch-dog timer control (WDTCTL) 94
watch-dog timer reload high byte (WDTH) 96
watch-dog timer reload low byte (WDTL) 97
watch-dog timer reload upper byte (WDTU) 96
register file 17
register file address map 21
register pair 235
PS019915-1005
register pointer 236
reset
and STOP mode characteristics 43
and STOP mode recovery 43
carry flag 239
controller 5
sources 44
RET 241
return 241
return information 269
RL 242
RLC 242
rotate and shift instructions 242
rotate left 242
rotate left through carry 242
rotate right 242
rotate right through carry 242
RP 236
RR 235, 242
rr 235
RRC 242
S
SBC 239
SCF 239, 240
SCK 127
SDA and SCL (IrDA) signals 141
second opcode map after 1FH 256
serial clock 127
serial peripheral interface (SPI) 125
set carry flag 239, 240
set register pointer 240
shift right arithmetic 242
shift right logical 242
signal descriptions 13
single-shot conversion (ADC) 173
SIO 5
slave data transfer formats (I2C) 147
slave select 128
software trap 241
source operand 236
SP 236
SPI
Index
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
278
architecture 125
baud rate generator 132
baud rate high and low byte register 138
clock phase 128
configured as slave 126
control register 133
control register definitions 133
data register 133
error detection 131
interrupts 131
mode fault error 131
mode register 136
multi-master operation 130
operation 126
overrun error 131
signals 127
single master, multiple slave system 126
single master, single slave system 125
status register 135
timing, PHASE = 0 129
timing, PHASE=1 130
SPI controller signals 13
SPI mode (SPIMODE) 136
SPIBRH register 138
SPIBRL register 138
SPICTL register 134
SPIDATA register 133
SPIMODE register 136
SPISTAT register 135
SRA 242
src 236
SRL 242
SRP 240
SS, SPI signal 127
stack pointer 236
status register, I2C 153
STOP 240
STOP mode 49, 240
STOP mode recovery
sources 47
using a GPIO port pin transition 48
using watch-dog timer time-out 48
SUB 239
subtract 239
PS019915-1005
subtract - extended addressing 239
subtract with carry 239
subtract with carry - extended addressing 239
SUBX 239
SWAP 242
swap nibbles 242
symbols, additional 236
system and core resets 44
T
TCM 239
TCMX 239
test complement under mask 239
test complement under mask - extended addressing
239
test under mask 239
test under mask - extended addressing 239
timer signals 14
timers 5, 75
architecture 75
block diagram 76
capture mode 80, 89
capture/compare mode 83, 89
compare mode 81, 89
continuous mode 77, 89
counter mode 78
counter modes 89
gated mode 82, 89
one-shot mode 76, 89
operating mode 76
PWM mode 79, 89
reading the timer count values 84
reload high and low byte registers 85
timer control register definitions 84
timer output signal operation 84
timers 0-3
control 0 registers 88
control 1 registers 88
high and low byte registers 84, 87
TM 239
TMX 239
transmit
IrDA data 121
Index
Z8 Encore!® 64K Series
Product Specification
279
transmit interrupt 141
transmitting UART data-interrupt-driven method
101
transmitting UART data-polled method 100
TRAP 241
U
UART 4
architecture 98
asynchronous data format without/with parity
100
baud rate generator 108
baud rates table 117
control register definitions 109
controller signals 14
data format 99
interrupts 106
multiprocessor mode 104
receiving data using interrupt-driven method
103
receiving data using the polled method 102
transmitting data using the interrupt-driven
method 101
transmitting data using the polled method 100
x baud rate high and low registers 115
x control 0 and control 1 registers 112
x status 0 and status 1 registers 110, 112
UxBRH register 116
UxBRL register 116
UxCTL0 register 112, 115
UxCTL1 register 113
UxRXD register 110
UxSTAT0 register 110
UxSTAT1 register 112
UxTXD register 109
V
vector 235
voltage brown-out reset (VBR) 45
PS019915-1005
W
watch-dog timer
approximate time-out delay 92
approximate time-out delays 91
CNTL 46
control register 94
electrical characteristics and timing 221
interrupt in normal operation 92
interrupt in STOP mode 92
operation 91
refresh 92, 240
reload unlock sequence 93
reload upper, high and low registers 95
reset 46
reset in normal operation 93
reset in STOP mode 93
time-out response 92
WDTCTL register 94
WDTH register 96
WDTL register 97
working register 235
working register pair 235
WTDU register 96
X
X 235
XOR 241
XORX 241
Z
Z8 Encore!
block diagram 3
features 1
introduction 1
part selection guide 2
Index