ZETEX ZNBG3116Q20(1)

FET BIAS CONTROLLER WITH POLARISATION
SWITCH AND TONE DETECTION
ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
DEVICE DESCRIPTION
The ZNBG series of devices are designed to meet the
bias requirements of GaAs and HEMT FETs
commonly used in satellite receiver LNBs, PMR,
cellular telephones etc. with a minimum of external
components.
Drain current setting of the ZNBG3115/16 is user
selectable over the range 0 to 15mA, this is achieved
with addition of a single resistor. The series also offers
the choice of drain voltage to be set for the FETs, the
3115 gives 2.2 volts drain whilst the 3116 gives 2 volts.
With the addition of two capacitors and a resistor the
devices provide drain voltage and current control for
three external grounded source FETs, generating
the regulated negative rail required for FET gate
biasing whilst operating from a single supply. This
negative bias, at -2.8 volts, can also be used to
supply other external circuits.
These devices are unconditionally stable over the full
working temperature with the FETs in place, subject to
the inclusion of the recommended gate and drain
capacitors. These ensure RF stability and minimal
injected noise.
The ZNBG3115/16 includes bias circuits to drive up
to three external FETs. A control input to the device
selects either one of two FETs as operational, the
third FET is permanently active. This feature is
normally used as an LNB polarisation switch. Also
specific to Universal LNB applications is the 22kHz
tone detection and logic output feature which is
used to enable high and low band frequency
switching.
The ZNBG3115/16 has been designed to cope with
DiSEqC™ ready set top boxes and rejects all
transients from channel switching.
It is possible to use less than the devices full
complement of FET bias controls, unused drain and gate
connections can be left open circuit without affecting
operation of the remaining bias circuits.
To protect the external FETs the circuits have been
designed to ensure that, under any conditions including
power up/down transients, the gate drive from the bias
circuits cannot exceed the range -3.5V to 1V.
Additionally each stage has its own individual current
limiter. Furthermore if the negative rail experiences a
fault condition, such as overload or short circuit, the
drain supply to the FETs will shut down avoiding
excessive current flow.
The ZNBG3115/16 are available in QSOP16 and QSOP20
for the minimum in device size. Device operating
temperature is -40 to 80°C to suit a wide range of
environmental conditions.
FEATURES
APPLICATIONS
•
•
•
•
•
Provides bias for GaAs and HEMT FETs
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Choice in drain voltage
•
•
Compliant with ASTRA control specifications
Drives up to three FETs
Dynamic FET protection
Drain current set by external resistor
Regulated negative rail generator requires only
2 external capacitors
Wide supply voltage range
Polarisation switch for LNBs
22kHz tone detection for band switching
Tone detector ignores unwanted signals
Support fr MIMIC, FET and Bipolar local
oscillator devices
QSOP 16 and 20 surface mount packages
ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
1
Satellite receiver LNBs
Private mobile radio (PMR)
Cellular telephones
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage
Supply Current
Input Voltage (VPOL)
Drain Current (per FET)
(set by RCAL)
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
-0.6V to 12V
100mA
25V Continuous
0 to 15mA
Power Dissipation (Tamb= 25°C)
QSOP16
500mW
QSOP20
500mW
-40 to 80°C
-50 to 85°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS. TEST CONDITIONS
(Unless otherwise stated):Tamb= 25°C,VCC=5V,ID=10mA (RCAL=33k )
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
LIMITS
CONDITIONS
MIN.
VCC
Supply Voltage
ICC
Supply Current
ID1 = ID2 (or ID12) = ID3=0
ID1=0, ID2 (or ID12)=ID3=10mA, VPOL=14V
ID2=0,ID1 (or ID12)=ID3=10mA, VPOL=15.5V
ID1 and ID3=0, ILB=10mA
ID1 and ID3=0, IHB=10mA
VSUB
Substrate Voltage
(Internally generated) ICSUB=0
ICSUB=-200µA
END
ENG
Output Noise
Drain Voltage
Gate Voltage
fO
Oscillator Frequency
TYP.
5
-3.05
10
V
8.5
28
28
18
18
15
35
35
25
25
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
-2.8
-2.55
-2.4
V
V
0.02
0.005
Vpkpk
Vpkpk
800
kHz
CG=4.7nF, CD=10nF
CG=4.7nF, CD=10nF
180
UNITS
MAX.
330
2
ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
LIMITS
CONDITIONS
MIN.
TYP.
UNITS
MAX.
GATE CHARACTERISTICS
IGO
Output Current Range
-30
VPOL
IDx
(mA)
(V)
2000
A
IGOx
( A)
VG1O
VG1L
VG1H
Output Voltage
Gate 1
Off
Low
High
ID1=0 VPOL=14 IGO1=-10
ID1=12 VPOL=15.5 IGO1=-10
ID1=8 VPOL=15.5 IGO1=0
-2.5
-2.5
0.4
-2.25
-2.25
0.75
-2.0
-2.0
1.0
V
V
V
VG2O
VG2L
VG2H
Output Voltage
Gate 2
Off
Low
High
ID2=0 VPOL=15.5 IGO2=-10
ID2=12 VPOL=14 IGO2=-10
ID2=8 VPOL=14 IGO2=0
-2.5
-2.5
0.4
-2.25
-2.25
0.75
-2.0
-2.0
1.0
V
V
V
VG3L
VG3H
Output Voltage
Gate 3
Low
High
ID3=12
ID3=8
-3.0
0.4
-2.75
0.75
-2.5
1.0
V
V
8
10
12
mA
15
mA
IGO3=-10
IGO3=0
DRAIN CHARACTERISTICS
ID
Current
IDrng
Current range
Set by Rcal
IDV
IDV
Current Change
with VCC
with Tj
VCC= 5 to 10V
Tj=-40 to +80°C
0
0.5
0.05
%/V
%/°C
VD1
Drain 1 Voltage: High
ZNBG3115
ID1=10mA, VPOL=15.5V
ZNBG3116
ID1=10mA, VPOL=15.5V
2.0
1.8
2.2
2.0
2.4
2.2
V
V
VD2
Drain 2 Voltage: High
ZNBG3115
ID2=10mA, VPOL=14V
ZNBG3116
ID2=10mA, VPOL=14V
2.0
1.8
2.2
2.0
2.4
2.2
V
V
Drain 3 Voltage: High
ZNBG3115
ID3=10mA, VPOL=15.5V
ZNBG3116
ID3=10mA, VPOL=15.5V
2.0
1.8
2.2
2.0
2.4
2.2
V
V
VD3
⌬VDV
⌬VDT
IL1
IL2
Voltage Change
with VCC
with Tj
VCC= 5 to 10V
Tj=-40 to +80°C
Leakage Current
Drain 1 †
Drain 2 †
VD1=0.5V, VPOL=14V
VD2=0.5V, VPOL=15.5V
0.5
50
†QSOP20 only
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ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
%/V
ppm
10
10
A
A
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
LIMITS
CONDITIONS
UNITS
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
1.75
1.95
2.15
TONE DETECTION CHARACTERISTICS
VOUT
Filter Amplifier
Bias Voltage 5
Ifin=0
V
Finz
Input Impedance
VFIN=100mV p/p
150
Ω
AG
Amplifier Gain
VFIN=100mV p/p
30
V/mA
FVT
V Threshold5
VLOV
Output Stage
LOV Volt. Range 6
IL=50mA(LB or HB)
ILOV
LOV Bias Current
VLOV=0
VLBL
LB Output Low
100
-0.5
Enabled
6
VLOV=3V IL=0mA
Rlb-Csub=1MΩ
Enabled
6
VLOV=0 IL=0
Rlb-Csub=1MΩ
VLBH
LB Output High
VLOV=0 IL=10mA
VLOV=3V IL=50mA
Disabled 6
Disabled 6
VHBL
HB Output Low
VLOV=0 IL=0
Rhb-Csub=1MΩ
Disabled 6
VHBH
HB Output High
170
350
VCC-1.8 V
0.02
0.15
1.0
µA
-3.05
-2.80
-2.55
V
-0.01
0
0.1
V
-0.025 0
2.9
3.0
0.025
3.1
V
V
-3.05
-2.80
-2.55
V
-0.01
0
0.1
V
V
-0.025 0
2.9
3.0
0.025
3.1
V
V
40
µA
6
VLOV=3V IL=0
Rhb-Gnd=1MΩ
Disabled
VLOV=0 IL=10mA
VLOV=3V IL=50mA
Enabled 6
Enabled 6
mV p/p
POLARITY SWITCH CHARACTERISTICS
IPOL
Input Current
VPOL=25V (Applied via RPOL=2kΩ)
10
25
VTPOL
Threshold Voltage
VPOL=25V (Applied via RPOL=2kΩ)
14
14.75 15.5
TSPOL
Switching Speed
VPOL=25V (Applied via RPOL=2kΩ)
100
V
ms
NOTES:
1. The negative bias voltages specified are generated on-chip using an internal oscillator. Two external capacitors, CNB and CSUB, of 47nF are required for this
purpose.
2. The characteristics are measured using an external reference resistor RCAL of value 33k wired from pins RCAL to ground.
3. Noise voltage is not measured in production.
4. Noise voltage measurement is made with FETs and gate and drain capacitors in place on all outputs. CG, 4.7nF, are connected between gate outputs and
ground, CD, 10nF, are connected between drain outputs and ground.
5 . These parameters are linearly related to VCC
6. These parameters are measured using Test Circuit 1
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ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
TEST CIRCUIT 1
Note: Same circuit used for QSOP16 option but with adjusted pinout.
5
ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
6
ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The ZNBG devices provide all the bias requirements for external FETs, including the generation of the negative
supply required for gate biasing, from the single supply voltage.The diagram above shows a single stage from
the ZNBG series. The ZNBG3115/16 contains 3 such stages. The negative rail generator is common to both
devices.
The drain voltage of the external FET QN is set by the ZNBG device to its normal operating voltage. This is
determined by the on board VD Set reference, for the ZNBG3115 this is nominally 2.2 volts whilst the ZNBG3116
provides nominally 2 volts.
The drain current taken by the FET is monitored by the low value resistor ID Sense. The amplifier driving the gate
of the FET adjusts the gate voltage of QN so that the drain current taken matches the current called for by an
external resistor RCAL.
Since the FET is a depletion mode transistor, it is often necessary to drive its gate negative with respect to ground
to obtain the required drain current. To provide this capability powered from a single positive supply, the device
includes a low current negative supply generator. This generator uses an internal oscillator and two external
capacitors, CNB and CSUB.
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ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
The following schematic shows the function of the VPOL input. Only one of the two external FETs numberd Q1 and
Q2 are powered at any one time, their selection is controlled by the input VPOL. This input is designed to be wired
to the power input of the LNB via a high value (10k) resistor. With the input voltage of the LNB set at or below 14V,
FET Q2 will be enabled. With the input voltage at or above 15.5V, FET Q1 will be enabled. The disabled FET has its
gate driven low and its drain terminal is switched open circuit. It is permissible to connect the drain pins D1 and
D2 together if required by the application circuit; this is done internally in the QSOP16 version. FET number Q3 is
always active regardless of the voltage applied to VPOL.
QSOP 20 Version
Control Input Switch Function
Input Sense
Polarisation
Select
≤ 14 volts
Vertical
FET Q2
≥ 15.5 volts
Horizontal
FET Q1
8
ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
For many LNB applications, tone detection for band switching is required. The ZNBG3115/16 includes all the
circuitry necessary to detect the presence of a 22kHz tone modulated on the supply input to the LNB. The main
elements of the detector are an op-amp, a rectifier/smoother and a comparitor. The op-amp has a pre-set internal
feedback resistor so that just a simple RC network wired to the input gives user defined gain and low frequency
cut filter characteristics. The RC network components also serve two other purposes. The resistor provides
overvoltage protection for the Vpol pin and the capacitor minimises tone interference of the Vpol threshold. The
upper frequency roll-off of the op-amp has been set internally at above 100kHz to allow the amplifier to be used
with other common tone switch frequencies.
The rectifier/smoother/comparitor function is provided by a complex propriety circuit that allows the
ZNBG3115/16 to reliably detect wanted tones whilst ignoring low frequency square wave switch box signals,
DiSEqC™ bursts and supply switching transients common when using DiSEqC-2™ ready set-top boxes. This is
all achieved without the need for any further external components. The threshold of the comparitor is supply
dependent, hence the gain of the preceding op-amp must be adjusted in line with supply voltage. See the table
below for recommended values for 22kHz detection, given for a range of supplies.
Table_1
Filter
Components
Supply Voltage (Vcc)
5V
6V
7V
8V
9V
10V
Cf
4.7nF
4.7nF
4.7nF
10nF
10nF
10nF
Rvpol (R2)
2k
1.8k
1.5k
1.3k
1.1k
1.0k
Note: Optimised for F(tone) = 22kHz.
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ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
APPLICATIONS CIRCUIT
The diagrams below show partial application circuits for the ZNBG series showing all external components
required for appropriate biasing. The bias circuits are unconditionally stable over the full temperature range with
the associated FETs and gate and drain capacitors in circuit.
To minimise board space the ZNBG3115/3116 is offered in a QSOP16 package. To reduce the pin count Drain 1
and Drain 2 have been internally connected. This is possible because only one of the two bias stages can biased at
one time.The QSOP16 offers a 40% reduction in size over the QSOP20 version.
Capacitors C2 and C4 ensure that residual power supply and substrate generator noise is not allowed to affect
other external circuits which may be sensitive to RF interference. They also serve to suppress any potential RF
feedthrough between stages via the ZNBG device. These capacitors are required for all stages used. Values of
10nF and 4.7nF respectively are
recommended however this is design
dependent and any value between 1nF
and 100nF could be used.
The capacitors CNB and CSUB are an
integral part of the ZNBGs negative
supply generator. The negative bias
voltage is generated on-chip using an
internal oscillator. The required value
of capacitors CNB and CSUB is 47nF.
This generator produces a low current
supply of approximately -3 volts.
Although this generator is intended
purely to bias the external FETs, it can
be used to power other external
circuits via the CSUB pin.
Resistor RCAL sets the drain current at
which all external FETs are operated. If
any bias control circuit is not required,
its related drain and gate connections
may be left open circuit without
af f ecti n g th e o p e ra t i on of t he
remaining bias circuits.
Th e Z NB G d e v i c e s ha v e be e n
designed to protect the external FETs
from adverse operating conditions.
With a JFET connected to any bias
circuit, the gate output voltage of the
bias circuit can not exceed the range
-3.0V to 1V under any conditions,
including powerup and powerdown
transients. All the bias stages include
drain currents limits which work
independently in each stage. Should
the negative bias generator be shorted
or overloaded so that the drain current
of the external FETs can no longer be
controlled, the drain supply to FETs is
shut down to avoid damage to the
FETs by excessive drain current.
QSOP16 Applications circuit
QSOP20 Applications circuit
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ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION(cont)
The following block diagram shows the main section of an LNB designed for use with the Astra series of satellites.
The ZNBG3115/16 is the core bias and control element of this circuit. The ZNBG provides the negative rail, FET
bias control, polarisation switch control, tone detection and band switching with the minimum of external
components. Compared to other discrete component solutions the ZNBG circuit reduces component count and
overall size required.
Single Universal LNB Block Diagram
Regulator
ZNBG3115/16
Tone detection and band switching is provided on the ZNBG3115/16 devices. The following diagrams describes
how this feature operates in an LNB and the external components required. The presence or absence of a 22kHz
tone applied to pin FIN enables one of two outputs, LB and HB. A tone present enables HB and tone absent enables
LB. The LB and HB outputs are designed to be compatible with both MMIC and discrete (bipolar or FET) local
oscillator applications, selected by pin LOV. Referring to Figure 1 wiring pin LOV to ground will force LB and HB to
switch between -2.6V (disabled) and 0V (enabled). Referring to Figures 2 and 3 wiring pin LOV to a positive voltage
source (e.g. a potential divider across VCC and ground set to the required oscillator supply voltage, VOSC) will
force the LB and HB outputs to provide the required oscillator supply, VOSC, when enabled and 0V when disabled.
Tone Detection Function
LOV
FIN
LB
HB
LB
HB
GND
22kHz
Disabled
Enabled
-3 volts
GND
—
Enabled
Disabled
GND
-3 volts
22kHz
Disabled
Enabled
Note 1
VOSC
—
Enabled
Disabled
VOSC
Note 1
VOSC
Note 1:
0 volts in typical LNB applications but ependent on extenal circuits.
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ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
APPLICATIONS Local Oscillator Circuits
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
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ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
CONNECTION DIAGRAM
QSOP20
G1
D1
QSOP16
1
2
G1
1
16
VCC
RCAL
D12
2
15
Rcal
3
14
Vpol
20
VCC
19
G2
3
18
VPOL
G2
D2
4
17
FIN
G3
4
13
Fin
G3
5
16
N/C
D3
5
12
Lov
N/C
Gnd
6
11
HB
Cnb1
7
10
LB
Cnb2
8
9
D3
6
15
GND
7
14
Lov
CNB1
8
13
HB
CNB2
9
12
LB
10
11
CSUB
N/C
Part Number
Package
Part Mark
ZNBG3115Q16
QSOP16
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116Q16
QSOP16
ZNBG3116
ZNBG3115Q20
QSOP20
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116Q20
QSOP20
ZNBG3116
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ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001
Csub
ZNBG3115
ZNBG3116
QSOP20
QSOP16
Millimetres
Inches
MIN
MAX
MIN
MAX
A
8.55
8.74
0.337
0.344
0.025 NOM
B
0.635
0.025 NOM
0.009 REF
C
1.47 REF
0.058 REF
0.012
D
0.20
0.30
0.008
0.012
0.15
0.157
E
3.81
3.99
0.15
0.157
1.75
0.053
0.069
F
1.35
1.75
0.053
0.069
0.10
0.25
0.004
0.01
G
0.10
0.25
0.004
0.01
J
5.79
6.20
0.228
0.244
J
5.79
6.20
0.228
0.244
K
0°
8°
0°
8°
K
0°
8°
0°
8°
DIM
DIM
Millimetres
Inches
MIN
MAX
MIN
MAX
A
4.80
4.98
0.189
0.196
B
0.635
C
0.23 REF
D
0.20
0.30
0.008
E
3.81
3.99
F
1.35
G
Conforms to JEDEC MO-137AB Iss A
Conforms to JEDEC MO-137AD Iss A
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Zetex plc 2001
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This publication is issued to provide outline information only which (unless agreed by the Company in writing) may not be used,
applied or reproduced for any purpose or form part of any order or contract or be regarded as a representation relating to the products
or services concerned. The Company reserves the right to alter without notice the specification, design, price or conditions of supply of
any product or service.
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ISSUE 1 - JUNE 2001