AD ADuM4190BRIZ-RL High stability isolated error amplifier Datasheet

High Stability Isolated Error Amplifier
ADuM4190
Data Sheet
FEATURES
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Stable over time and temperature
0.5% initial accuracy
1% accuracy over the full temperature range
Compatible with Type II or Type III compensation networks
Reference voltage: 1.225 V
Compatible with DOSA
Low power operation: <7 mA total
Wide voltage supply range
VDD1: 3 V to 20 V
VDD2: 3 V to 20 V
Bandwidth: 400 kHz
Isolation voltage: 5 kV rms reinforced
Safety and regulatory approvals (pending)
UL recognition: 5000 V rms for 1 minute per UL 1577
CSA Component Acceptance Notice #5A
VDE certificate of conformity
DIN V VDE V 0884-10 (VDE V 0884-10):2006-12
VIORM = 849 V peak
Wide temperature range
−40°C to +125°C ambient operation
150°C maximum junction temperature
The ADuM41901 is an isolated error amplifier based on Analog
Devices, Inc., iCoupler® technology. The ADuM4190 is ideal for
linear feedback power supplies. The primary side controllers of
the ADuM4190 enable improvements in transient response, power
density, and stability as compared to commonly used optocoupler
and shunt regulator solutions.
Unlike optocoupler-based solutions, which have an uncertain
current transfer ratio over lifetime and at high temperatures, the
ADuM4190 transfer function does not change over its lifetime
and is stable over a wide temperature range of −40°C to +125°C.
Included in the ADuM4190 is a wideband operational amplifier
for a variety of commonly used power supply loop compensation
techniques. The ADuM4190 is fast enough to allow a feedback loop
to react to fast transient conditions and overcurrent conditions.
Also included is a high accuracy 1.225 V reference to compare
with the supply output setpoint.
The ADuM4190 is packaged in a wide body, 16-lead SOIC package
for a reinforced 5 kV rms isolation voltage rating.
APPLICATIONS
Linear feedback power supplies
Inverters
Uninterruptible power supplies (UPS)
DOSA-compatible modules
Voltage monitors
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
VDD1 1
16
VDD2
GND1 2
15
GND2
VREG1 3
REG
UVLO
UVLO
REF
REG
REF
NC 5
EAOUT2 6
14
VREG2
13
REFOUT
12
+IN
Tx
Rx
EAOUT 7
GND1 8
ADuM4190
11
–IN
10
COMP
9
GND2
11336-001
REFOUT1 4
Figure 1.
1
Protected by U.S. Patents 5,952,849; 6,873,065; and 7,075,329. Other patents pending.
Rev. 0
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ADuM4190
Data Sheet
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features .............................................................................................. 1
Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions..............................7
Applications ....................................................................................... 1
Typical Performance Characteristics ..............................................8
General Description ......................................................................... 1
Test Circuits..................................................................................... 12
Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1
Applications Information .............................................................. 13
Revision History ............................................................................... 2
Accuracy Circuit Operation...................................................... 13
Specifications..................................................................................... 3
Isolated Amplifier Circuit Operation ...................................... 14
Package Characteristics ............................................................... 4
Application Block Diagram ...................................................... 14
Regulatory Information ............................................................... 4
Setting the Output Voltage ........................................................ 15
Insulation and Safety Related Specifications ............................ 4
DOSA Module Application....................................................... 15
Recommended Operating Conditions ...................................... 5
DC Correctness and Magnetic Field Immunity ..................... 15
DIN V VDE V 0884-10 (VDE V 0884-10):2006-12
Insulation Characteristics ............................................................ 5
Insulation Lifetime ..................................................................... 16
Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 17
Absolute Maximum Ratings ............................................................ 6
Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 17
ESD Caution .................................................................................. 6
REVISION HISTORY
7/13—Revision 0: Initial Version
Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 20
Data Sheet
ADuM4190
SPECIFICATIONS
VDD1 = VDD2 = 3 V to 20 V for TA = TMIN to TMAX. All typical specifications are at TA = 25°C and VDD1 = VDD2 = 5 V, unless otherwise noted.
Table 1.
Parameter
ACCURACY
Initial Error
Total Error
OP AMP
Offset Error
Open-Loop Gain
Input Common-Mode Range
Gain Bandwidth Product
Common-Mode Rejection
Input Capacitance
Output Voltage Range
Input Bias Current
REFERENCE
Output Voltage
Output Current
UVLO
Positive Going Threshold
Negative Going Threshold
EAOUT Impedance
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Gain 1
Output Offset Voltage
Output Linearity 2
Output −3 dB Bandwidth
A and S Grades
B and T Grades
Output Voltage, EAOUT
Low Voltage
High Voltage
Output Voltage, EAOUT2
Low Voltage
High Voltage
Noise, EAOUT
Noise, EAOUT2
POWER SUPPLY
Operating Range, Side 1
Operating Range, Side 2
Test Conditions/Comments
(1.225 V − EAOUT)/1.225 V × 100%; see Figure 27
TA = 25°C
TA = TMIN to TMAX
Min
−5
66
0.35
Typ
Max
Unit
0.25
0.5
0.5
1
%
%
±2.5
80
+5
mV
dB
V
MHz
dB
pF
V
µA
1.5
10
72
2
COMP pin
0.2
2.7
0.01
0 mA to 1 mA load, CREFOUT = 15 pF
TA = 25°C
TA = TMIN to TMAX
CREFOUT = 15 pF
VDD2 or VDD1 < UVLO threshold
See Figure 29
From COMP to EAOUT, 0.3 V to 2.4 V, ±3 mA
From EAOUT to EAOUT2, 0.4 V to 5.0 V, ±1 mA,
VDD1 = 20 V
From COMP to EAOUT, 0.3 V to 2.4 V, ±3 mA
From EAOUT to EAOUT2, 0.4 V to 5.0 V, ±1 mA,
VDD1 = 20 V
From COMP to EAOUT, 0.3 V to 2.4 V, ±3 mA
From EAOUT to EAOUT2, 0.4 V to 5.0 V, ±1 mA,
VDD1 = 20 V
From COMP to EAOUT, 0.3 V to 2.4 V, ±3 mA,
and from COMP to EAOUT2, 0.4 V to 5.0 V,
±1 mA, VDD1 = 20 V
1.215
1.213
2.0
1.225
1.225
1.235
1.237
V
V
mA
2.8
2.6
High-Z
2.96
2.4
V
V
Ω
0.83
2.5
1.0
2.6
1.17
2.7
V/V
V/V
−0.4
−0.1
+0.05
+0.01
+0.4
+0.1
V
V
−1.0
−1.0
+0.15
+0.1
+1.0
+1.0
%
%
100
250
200
400
2.4
2.5
4.8
5.0
0.3
0.3
4.9
5.4
1.7
4.8
kHz
kHz
±3 mA output
±1 mA output
VDD1 = 4.5 V to 5.5 V
VDD1 = 10 V to 20 V
VDD1 = 4.5 V to 5.5 V
VDD1 = 10 V to 20 V
See Figure 15
See Figure 15
VDD1
VDD2
3.0
3.0
Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 20
0.4
V
V
0.6
0.6
V
V
V
V
mV rms
mV rms
20
20
V
V
ADuM4190
Parameter
Power Supply Rejection
Supply Current
IDD1
IDD2
1
2
Data Sheet
Test Conditions/Comments
DC, VDD1 = VDD2 = 3 V to 20 V
Min
60
See Figure 4
See Figure 5
Typ
Max
Unit
dB
1.4
2.9
2.0
5.0
mA
mA
Output gain is defined as the slope of the best-fit line of the output voltage vs. the input voltage over the specified input range, with the offset error adjusted out.
Output linearity is defined as the peak-to-peak output deviation from the best-fit line of the output gain, expressed as a percentage of the full-scale output voltage.
PACKAGE CHARACTERISTICS
Table 2.
Parameter
RESISTANCE
Input-to-Output 1
CAPACITANCE
Input-to-Output1
Input Capacitance 2
IC JUNCTION-TO-AMBIENT THERMAL
RESISTANCE
1
2
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
RI-O
1013
Ω
CI-O
CI
θJA
2.2
4.0
45
pF
pF
°C/W
Test Conditions/Comments
f = 1 MHz
Thermocouple located at center of package
underside
The device is considered a 2-terminal device; Pin 1 through Pin 8 are shorted together, and Pin 9 through Pin 16 are shorted together.
Input capacitance is from any input pin to ground.
REGULATORY INFORMATION
The ADuM4190 is pending approval by the organizations listed in Table 3. See Table 8 and the Insulation Lifetime section for recommended
maximum working voltages for specific cross-isolation waveforms and insulation levels.
Table 3.
UL (Pending)
Recognized under UL 1577 component
recognition program 1
Single protection, 5000 V rms isolation
voltage, 16-lead SOIC
File E214100
1
2
CSA (Pending)
Approved under CSA Component Acceptance
Notice #5A
Reinforced insulation per CSA 60950-1-03 and
IEC 60950-1, 400 V rms (565 V peak) maximum
working voltage
Basic insulation per CSA 60950-1-03 and IEC
60950-1, 800 V rms (1131 V peak) maximum
working voltage
File 205078
VDE (Pending)
Certified according to DIN V VDE V 0884-10
(VDE V 0884-10):2006-12 2
Reinforced insulation, 849 V peak
File 2471900-4880-0001
In accordance with UL 1577, each ADuM4190 is proof tested by applying an insulation test voltage ≥ 6000 V rms for 1 sec (current leakage detection limit = 10 µA).
In accordance with DIN V VDE V 0884-10 (VDE V 0884-10):2006-12, each ADuM4190 is proof tested by applying an insulation test voltage ≥ 1590 V peak for 1 sec
(partial discharge detection limit = 5 pC). The asterisk (*) marking branded on the component designates DIN V VDE V 0884-10 (VDE V 0884-10):2006-12 approval.
INSULATION AND SAFETY RELATED SPECIFICATIONS
Table 4.
Parameter
Rated Dielectric Insulation Voltage
Minimum External Air Gap (Clearance)
Symbol
L(I01)
Value
5000
8.0 min
Unit
V rms
mm
Minimum External Tracking (Creepage)
L(I02)
8.3 min
mm
Minimum Internal Gap (Internal Clearance)
Tracking Resistance (Comparative Tracking Index)
Isolation Group
CTI
0.017 min
>400
II
mm
V
Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 20
Test Conditions/Comments
1-minute duration
Measured from input terminals to output
terminals, shortest distance through air
along the PCB mounting plane, as an aid
to PCB layout
Measured from input terminals to output
terminals, shortest distance path along body
Insulation distance through insulation
DIN IEC 112/VDE 0303, Part 1
Material Group DIN VDE 0110, 1/89, Table 1
Data Sheet
ADuM4190
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Table 5.
Parameter
OPERATING TEMPERATURE
ADuM4190A/ADuM4190B
ADuM4190S/ADuM4190T
SUPPLY VOLTAGES 1
INPUT SIGNAL RISE AND FALL TIMES
1
Symbol
TA
VDD1, VDD2
tR, tF
Min
Max
Unit
−40
−40
3.0
+85
+125
20
1.0
°C
°C
V
ms
All voltages are relative to their respective grounds.
DIN V VDE V 0884-10 (VDE V 0884-10):2006-12 INSULATION CHARACTERISTICS
This isolator is suitable for reinforced isolation only within the safety limit data. Maintenance of the safety data is ensured by protective
circuits. The asterisk (*) marking branded on the component designates DIN V VDE V 0884-10 (VDE V 0884-10):2006-12 approval for
an 849 V peak working voltage.
Table 6.
Description
Installation Classification per DIN VDE 0110
For Rated Mains Voltage ≤ 150 V rms
For Rated Mains Voltage ≤ 300 V rms
For Rated Mains Voltage ≤ 400 V rms
Climatic Classification
Pollution Degree per DIN VDE 0110, Table 1
Maximum Working Insulation Voltage
Input-to-Output Test Voltage, Method B1
Test Conditions/Comments
VIORM × 1.875 = Vpd(m), 100% production test,
tini = 60 sec, tm = 10 sec, partial discharge < 5 pC
Input-to-Output Test Voltage, Method A
After Environmental Tests Subgroup 1
VIORM × 1.5 = Vpd(m), tini = 60 sec, tm = 10 sec, partial
discharge < 5 pC
VIORM × 1.2 = Vpd(m), tini = 60 sec, tm = 10 sec, partial
discharge < 5 pC
After Input and/or Safety Tests Subgroup 2
and Subgroup 3
Highest Allowable Overvoltage
Surge Isolation Voltage
Safety Limiting Values
V peak = 10 kV; 1.2 µs rise time; 50 µs, 50% fall time
Maximum value allowed in the event of a failure
(see Figure 2)
Maximum Junction Temperature
Safety Total Dissipated Power
Insulation Resistance at TS
VIO = 500 V
Symbol
Characteristic
Unit
VIORM
Vpd(m)
I to IV
I to III
I to II
40/105/21
2
849
1592
V peak
V peak
Vpd(m)
1273
V peak
Vpd(m)
1018
V peak
VIOTM
VIOSM
6000
6000
V peak
V peak
TS
PS
RS
150
2.78
>109
°C
W
Ω
3.0
SAFE LIMITING POWER (W)
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0
0
50
100
150
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
200
11336-002
0.5
Figure 2. Thermal Derating Curve, Dependence of Safety Limiting Values
on Case Temperature, per DIN V VDE V 0884-10
Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 20
ADuM4190
Data Sheet
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.
Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions above those indicated in the operational
section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Table 7.
Parameter
Storage Temperature (TST) Range
Ambient Operating Temperature
(TA) Range
Junction Temperature Range
Supply Voltages1
VDD1, VDD2
VREG1, VREG2
Input Voltages (+IN, −IN)
Output Voltages
REFOUT, REFOUT1, COMP, EAOUT
EAOUT2
Output Current per Output Pin
Common-Mode Transients2
1
2
Rating
−65°C to +150°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +150°C
ESD CAUTION
−0.5 V to +24 V
−0.5 V to +3.6 V
−0.5 V to +3.6 V
−0.5 V to +3.6 V
−0.5 V to +5.5 V
−11 mA to +11 mA
−100 kV/µs to +100 kV/µs
All voltages are relative to their respective grounds.
Refers to common-mode transients across the insulation barrier. Commonmode transients exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may cause latch-up
or permanent damage.
Table 8. Maximum Continuous Working Voltage1
Parameter
AC Voltage, Bipolar Waveform
AC Voltage, Unipolar Waveform
DC Voltage
1
Max
560
1131
1131
Unit
V peak
V peak
V peak
Constraint
50-year minimum lifetime
50-year minimum lifetime
50-year minimum lifetime
Refers to the continuous voltage magnitude imposed across the isolation barrier. See the Insulation Lifetime section for more information.
Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 20
Data Sheet
ADuM4190
VDD1
1
16
VDD2
GND1
2
15
GND2
VREG1
3
14
VREG2
REFOUT1
4
ADuM4190
13
REFOUT
NC
5
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
12
+IN
EAOUT2
6
11
–IN
EAOUT
7
10
COMP
GND1
8
9
GND2
NC = NO CONNECTION. CONNECT PIN 5 TO GND1;
DO NOT LEAVE THIS PIN FLOATING.
11336-003
PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
Figure 3. Pin Configuration
Table 9. Pin Function Descriptions
Pin No.
1
2, 8
3
4
5
6
Mnemonic
VDD1
GND1
VREG1
REFOUT1
NC
EAOUT2
7
9, 15
10
11
12
13
14
16
EAOUT
GND2
COMP
−IN
+IN
REFOUT
VREG2
VDD2
Description
Supply Voltage for Side 1 (3 V to 20 V). Connect a 1 µF capacitor between VDD1 and GND1.
Ground Reference for Side 1.
Internal Supply Voltage for Side 1. Connect a 1 µF capacitor between VREG1 and GND1.
Reference Output Voltage for Side 1. The maximum recommended capacitance for this pin (CREFOUT1) is 15 pF.
No Connection. Connect Pin 5 to GND1; do not leave this pin floating.
Isolated Output Voltage 2, Open-Drain Output. Connect a pull-up resistor between EAOUT2 and VDD1 for current
up to 1 mA.
Isolated Output Voltage.
Ground Reference for Side 2.
Output of the Op Amp. A loop compensation network can be connected between the COMP pin and the −IN pin.
Inverting Op Amp Input. Pin 11 is the connection for the power supply setpoint and compensation network.
Noninverting Op Amp Input. Pin 12 can be used as a reference input.
Reference Output Voltage for Side 2. The maximum recommended capacitance for this pin (CREFOUT) is 15 pF.
Internal Supply Voltage for Side 2. Connect a 1 µF capacitor between VREG2 and GND2.
Supply Voltage for Side 2 (3 V to 20 V). Connect a 1 µF capacitor between VDD2 and GND2.
Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 20
ADuM4190
Data Sheet
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
3
1.228
VDDx = 20V
VDDx = 5V
REFOUT ACCURACY (V)
1.227
IDD1 (mA)
2
1
1.226
1.225
1.224
–20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
TEMPERATURE (°C)
1.222
–40
11336-004
0
–40
0
–20
20
40
60
80
100
120
11336-007
1.223
140
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 7. REFOUT Accuracy vs. Temperature
Figure 4. Typical IDD1 Supply Current vs. Temperature
1.0
5
VDDx = 20V
VDDx = 5V
EAOUT ACCURACY (%)
IDD2 (mA)
4
3
2
0.5
0
–0.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
TEMPERATURE (°C)
–1.0
–40
2
OP AMP OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV)
10
8
6
4
2
20
40
60
80
100
120
TEMPERATURE (°C)
140
40
60
80
100
120
140
1
0
–1
–2
–3
–40
11336-006
INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA)
3
0
20
Figure 8. EAOUT Accuracy vs. Temperature
12
–20
0
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 5. Typical IDD2 Supply Current vs. Temperature
0
–40
–20
–20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 6. +IN, −IN Input Bias Current vs. Temperature
Figure 9. Op Amp Offset Voltage vs. Temperature
Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 20
140
11336-009
–20
11336-005
0
–40
11336-008
1
ADuM4190
0
90
–20
80
70
60
–20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
TEMPERATURE (°C)
–60
–80
–100
–40
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Figure 13. EAOUT Offset Voltage vs. Temperature
1.05
100
EAOUT2 OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV)
1.04
EAOUT GAIN (V/V)
0
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 10. Op Amp Open-Loop Gain vs. Temperature
1.03
1.02
–20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
TEMPERATURE (°C)
11336-011
1.01
1.00
–40
–20
50
0
–50
–100
–40
–20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 14. EAOUT2 Offset Voltage vs. Temperature
Figure 11. EAOUT Gain vs. Temperature
2.66
2.64
2.62
2.60
2
2.56
–40
–20
0
20
40
60
80
100
TEMPERATURE (°C)
120
140
CH1 10mV Ω
CH2 10mV Ω
M4.0µs
A CH1
T
102.4ns
1.18V
Figure 15. Output Noise with Test Circuit 1 (10 mV/DIV),
Channel 1 = EAOUT, Channel 2 = EAOUT2
Figure 12. EAOUT2 Gain vs. Temperature
Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 20
11336-015
2.58
11336-112
EAOUT2 GAIN (V/V)
1
11336-114
50
–40
–40
11336-013
EAOUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV)
100
11336-010
OP AMP OPEN-LOOP GAIN (dB)
Data Sheet
Data Sheet
30
30
25
25
NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS
20
15
10
5
15
10
0.95
1.00
1.05
1.10
COMP TO EAOUT GAIN (V/V)
0
–0.4
30
30
25
25
20
15
10
5
0.4
20
15
10
1.05
1.10
0
–0.4
–0.2
0
0.2
0.4
COMP TO EAOUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (V)
11336-120
1.00
11336-117
0.95
Figure 17. EAOUT Gain Distribution at 125°C
Figure 20. EAOUT Offset Voltage Distribution at 125°C
30
25
25
NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS
30
20
15
10
5
20
15
10
5
0.95
1.00
1.05
COMP TO EAOUT GAIN (V/V)
1.10
11336-118
NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS
0.2
5
COMP TO EAOUT GAIN (V/V)
0
0.90
0
Figure 19. EAOUT Offset Voltage Distribution at 25°C
NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS
NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS
Figure 16. EAOUT Gain Distribution at 25°C
0
0.90
–0.2
COMP TO EAOUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (V)
11336-119
5
11336-116
0
0.90
20
Figure 18. EAOUT Gain Distribution at −40°C
0
–0.4
–0.2
0
0.2
COMP TO EAOUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 21. EAOUT Offset Voltage Distribution at −40°C
Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 20
0.4
11336-121
NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS
ADuM4190
Data Sheet
ADuM4190
30
NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS
25
20
15
1
10
5
1.225
1.230
1.235
EAOUT ACCURACY (V)
3
11336-122
1.220
Figure 22. EAOUT Accuracy Voltage Distribution at 25°C
CH1 100mV Ω CH2 100mV Ω
CH3 200mV Ω
M2µs
T
0s
A CH1
434mV
11336-016
2
0
1.215
Figure 25. Output 100 kHz Signal with Test Circuit 3, Channel 1 = +IN,
Channel 2 = EAOUT, Channel 3 = EAOUT2
30
NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS
25
20
2
1
15
3
10
1.220
1.225
1.230
1.235
EAOUT ACCURACY (V)
Figure 23. EAOUT Accuracy Voltage Distribution at 125°C
20
15
10
5
1.225
1.230
1.235
EAOUT ACCURACY (V)
11336-124
NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS
25
1.220
CH2 50mV Ω
M2µs
A CH1
T
5.92µs
399mV
Figure 26. Output Square Wave Response with Test Circuit 3,
Channel 1 = +IN, Channel 2 = EAOUT, Channel 3 = EAOUT2
30
0
1.215
CH1 20mV Ω
CH3 20mV Ω
Figure 24. EAOUT Accuracy Voltage Distribution at −40°C
Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 20
11336-017
0
1.215
11336-123
5
ADuM4190
Data Sheet
TEST CIRCUITS
VDD1
1µF
GND1
1µF
VREG1
1
16
2
15
REG
3
REFOUT1 4
UVLO
UVLO
14
REG
REF
REF
12
Tx
11
Rx
10
7
GND1
8
GND2
1µF
VREG2
1µF
REFOUT
13
NC 5
EAOUT2 6
EAOUT
VDD2
+IN
–IN
680Ω
COMP
2.2nF
GND2
9
11336-018
ADuM4190
Figure 27. Test Circuit 1: Accuracy Circuit Using EAOUT
VDD1
1µF
GND1
1µF
VREG1
1
16
2
15
REG
3
REFOUT1 4
ROD
UVLO
UVLO
14
REG
REF
REF
13
NC 5
EAOUT2
EAOUT
Tx
6
11
Rx
7
10
8
9
ADuM4190
GND2
1µF
VREG2
1µF
REFOUT
+IN
–IN
680Ω
COMP
2.2nF
GND2
11336-019
GND1
12
VDD2
Figure 28. Test Circuit 2: Accuracy Circuit Using EAOUT2
GND1
1µF
VREG1
ROD
1
16
2
15
REG
3
REFOUT1 4
UVLO
UVLO
14
REG
REF
REF
NC 5
EAOUT2
FILTERED
EAOUT
EAOUT
680Ω
GND1
12
11
Rx
10
7
8
ADuM4190
470pF
Figure 29. Test Circuit 3: Isolated Amplifier Circuit
Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 20
GND2
1µF
VREG2
1µF
13 REFOUT
Tx
6
VDD2
9
+IN
–IN
COMP
GND2
11336-129
VDD1
1µF
Data Sheet
ADuM4190
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
In the test circuits of the ADuM4190 (see Figure 27 through
Figure 29), external supply voltages from 3 V to 20 V are provided
to the VDD1 and VDD2 pins, and internal regulators provide 3.0 V
to operate the internal circuits of each side of the ADuM4190. An
internal precision 1.225 V reference provides the reference for
the ±1% accuracy of the isolated error amplifier. UVLO circuits
monitor the VDDx supplies to turn on the internal circuits when
the 2.8 V rising threshold is met and to turn off the error amplifier
outputs to a high impedance state when VDDx falls below 2.6 V.
Figure 30 also shows the linear isolator alone (the blocks from
the op amp output to the ADuM4190 output, labeled as the linear
isolator), which introduces a pole at approximately 400 kHz. This
total Bode plot of the op amp and linear isolator shows that the
phase shift is approximately −180° from the −IN pin to the EAOUT
pin before the crossover frequency. Because a −180° phase shift
can make the system unstable, adding an integrator configuration,
consisting of a 2.2 nF capacitor and a 680 Ω resistor, helps to
make the system stable (see Figure 27 and Figure 28).
The op amp on the right side of the ADuM4190 has a noninverting +IN pin and an inverting −IN pin available for connecting
a feedback voltage in an isolated dc-to-dc converter output, usually
through a voltage divider. The COMP pin is the op amp output,
which can be used to attach resistor and capacitor components in
a compensation network. The COMP pin internally drives the
Tx transmitter block, which converts the op amp output voltage
into an encoded output that is used to drive the digital isolator
transformer.
For an application that requires more output voltage to drive
its controller, the EAOUT2 pin can be used (see Figure 28). The
EAOUT2 pin delivers up to ±1 mA with an output voltage of 0.6 V
to 4.8 V for an output that has a pull-up resistor to a 5 V supply.
If the EAOUT2 pull-up resistor is connected to a 10 V to 20 V supply,
the output is specified to a minimum of 5.0 V to allow use with a
PWM controller that requires a minimum input operation of 5 V.
ACCURACY CIRCUIT OPERATION
100
OP AMP AND
LINEAR ISOLATOR
OP AMP
ALONE
LINEAR ISOLATOR
POLE AT 400kHz
100
1k
10k
100k
1M
10M
FREQUENCY
(Hz)
LINEAR
ISOLATOR
PHASE (°)
100
1k
10k
100k
1M
10M
FREQUENCY
(Hz)
–90
–180
11336-021
On the left side of the ADuM4190, the Rx block decodes the
PWM signal that is output by the transformer and converts the
signal into a voltage that drives an amplifier block; the amplifier
block produces the error amplifier output available at the EAOUT
pin. The EAOUT pin can deliver ±3 mA and has a voltage level
from 0.4 V to 2.4 V, which is typically used to drive the input
of a PWM controller in a dc-to-dc circuit.
AMPLITUDE (dB)
Figure 30. Bode Plot 1: Op Amp and Linear Isolator
In Figure 31, Bode Plot 2, with an integrator configuration added,
the system crosses over 0 dB at approximately 100 kHz, but the
circuit is more stable with a phase shift of approximately −120°,
which yields a stable 60° phase margin. This circuit is used for
accuracy tests only, not for real-world applications, because it has
a 680 Ω resistor across the isolation barrier to close the loop for
the error amplifier; this resistor causes leakage current to flow
across the isolation barrier. For this test circuit only, GND1 must
be connected to GND2 to create a return for the leakage current
that is created by the 680 Ω resistor connection.
See Figure 27 and Figure 28 for accuracy circuit operation. The
op amp on the right side of the ADuM4190, from the −IN pin to
the COMP pin, has a unity-gain bandwidth (UGBW) of 10 MHz.
Figure 30, Bode Plot 1, shows a dashed line for the op amp alone
and its 10 MHz pole.
AMPLITUDE (dB)
OP AMP AND
LINEAR ISOLATOR
100
LINEAR ISOLATOR
POLE AT 400kHz
1k
10k
100k
1M
OP AMP
ALONE
FREQUENCY
(Hz)
10M
1k
10k
100k
1M
10M
INTEGRATOR
CONFIGURATION
100
PHASE (°)
100
FREQUENCY
(Hz)
–90
11336-022
–180
Figure 31. Bode Plot 2: Op Amp and Linear Isolator
with Integrator Configuration
Rev. 0 | Page 13 of 20
ADuM4190
Data Sheet
ISOLATED AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT OPERATION
Figure 29 shows an isolated amplifier circuit. In this circuit, the
input side amplifier is set as a unity-gain buffer so that the EAOUT
output follows the +IN input. The EAOUT2 output follows the
EAOUT output, but with a voltage gain of 2.6.
This circuit has an open-drain output, which should be pulled
up to a supply voltage from 3 V to 20 V using a resistor value set
for an output current of up to 1 mA. The EAOUT2 output can be
used to drive up to 1 mA to the input of a device that requires
a minimum input operation of 5 V. The EAOUT2 circuit has an
internal diode clamp to protect the internal circuits from voltages
greater than 5 V.
The gain, offset, and linearity of EAOUT and EAOUT2 are specified
in Table 1 using this test circuit. When designing applications
for voltage monitoring using an isolated amplifier, review these
specifications, noting that the 1% accuracy specifications for the
isolated error amplifier do not apply. In addition, the EAOUT circuit
in Figure 29 is shown with an optional external RC low-pass filter
with a corner frequency of 500 kHz, which can reduce the 3 MHz
output noise from the internal voltage to the PWM converter.
APPLICATION BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 32 shows a typical application for the ADuM4190: an
isolated error amplifier in primary side control.
VIN
OSC
ERROR
AMP
FB COMP
LO
LATCHING
PWM
VOUT
DCR
POWER
STAGE
CO
CURRENT
SENSE
+
ESR
C1 COMPENSATION
NETWORK
COMP
R2
OP AMP
ADuM4190
1.225V
–IN
+IN
REFOUT
11336-023
EAOUT2
C2
The power stage output is filtered by output capacitance and, in
some applications, by an inductor. Various elements contribute to
the gain and phase of the control loop and the resulting stability.
The output filter components (LO and CO) create a double pole;
the op amp has a pole at 10 MHz (see Figure 30), and the linear
isolator has a pole at 400 kHz (see Figure 30 and Figure 31).
The output capacitor and its ESR can add a zero at a frequency
that is dependent on the component type and values. With the
ADuM4190 providing the error amplifier, a compensation network
is provided from the −IN pin to the COMP pin to compensate
the control loop for stability. The compensation network values
depend on both the application and the components that are
selected; information about the component network values is
provided in the data sheet of the selected PWM controller.
The ADuM4190 has two different error amplifier outputs:
EAOUT and EAOUT2. The EAOUT output, which can drive ±3 mA,
has a guaranteed maximum high output voltage of at least 2.4 V,
which may not be sufficient to drive the COMP pin of some
PWM controllers. The EAOUT2 pin can drive ±1 mA and has an
output range that guarantees 5.0 V for a VDD1 voltage range of
10 V to 20 V, which works well with the COMP pin of many
PWM controllers.
PWM CONTROLLER
VREF
The COMP output of the op amp is encoded and then decoded
by the digital isolator transformer block to a signal that drives the
output of the ADuM4190 high. The output of the ADuM4190
drives the COMP pin of the PWM controller, which is designed
to reset the PWM latch output to low only when its COMP pin is
low. A high at the COMP pin of the PWM controller causes the
latching PWM comparator to produce a PWM duty cycle output.
This PWM duty cycle output drives the power stage to increase
the VOUT voltage until it returns to regulation.
Figure 32. Application Block Diagram
The op amp of the ADuM4190 is used as the error amplifier for
the feedback of the output voltage, VOUT, using a resistor divider
to the −IN pin of the op amp. This configuration inverts the
output signal at the COMP pin when compared to the +IN pin,
which is connected to the internal 1.225 V reference.
For example, when the output voltage, VOUT, falls due to a load
step, the divider voltage at the −IN pin falls below the +IN reference voltage, causing the COMP pin output signal to go high.
Figure 32 shows how to use the ADuM4190 to provide isolated
feedback in the control loop of an isolated dc-to-dc converter. In
this application block diagram, the loop is closed at approximately the 1.225 V reference voltage, providing ±1% accuracy
over temperature. The ADuM4190 op amp has a high gain bandwidth of 10 MHz to allow the dc-to-dc converter to operate at
high switching speeds, enabling smaller values for the output
filter components (LO and CO).
The 400 kHz bandwidth of the ADuM4190 error amplifier output
offers faster loop response for better transient response than the
typical shunt regulator and optocoupler solutions, which typically
have bandwidths of only 25 kHz to 50 kHz maximum.
Rev. 0 | Page 14 of 20
Data Sheet
ADuM4190
SETTING THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
The output voltage in the application circuit shown in Figure 32
can be set with two resistors in a voltage divider (see Figure 33).
VOUT
ISOLATED DC-TO-DC SUPPLY
R1
–IN
11336-025
REFOUT
ADuM4190
Figure 33. Setting the Output Voltage
The output voltage is determined by the following equation:
VOUT = VREF × (R1 + R2)/R2
where VREF = 1.225 V.
DOSA MODULE APPLICATION
Figure 34 is a block diagram of a Distributed-power Open
Standards Alliance (DOSA) circuit using the ADuM4190. The
block diagram shows how to use the 1.225 V reference and the
error amplifier of the ADuM4190 in a DOSA standard power
supply module circuit to produce output voltage settings using
a combination of resistors.
The 1.225 V reference of the ADuM4190 is specified for ±1%
over the −40°C to +125°C temperature range. To set the output
voltage of the module, use Table 10 to select the resistor values.
Two different ranges of VOUT can be implemented, VOUT > 1.5 V
or VOUT < 1.5 V, depending on the required module. Table 10 shows
two sets of resistor values for the VOUT > 1.5 V and VOUT < 1.5 V
ranges; the second set of resistor values (where 5.11 kΩ resistors
are used) consumes less current than the first set.
VOUT
DOSA MODULE
R1
VIN = 0.35V TO 1.5V
R2
ERROR
AMPLIFIER
R3
VREF
1.225V
R5
R4
RTRIM-DOWN
R6
Figure 34. DOSA Module
Table 10. Resistor Values for DOSA Module
Module
Nominal Output
VOUT > 1.5 V
VOUT < 1.5 V
VOUT > 1.5 V
VOUT < 1.5 V
R3
1 kΩ
1 kΩ
5.11 kΩ
5.11 kΩ
R4
1 kΩ
0Ω
5.11 kΩ
0Ω
R5
0Ω
2.05 kΩ
0Ω
10.5 kΩ
The pulses at the transformer output have an amplitude greater
than 1.0 V. The decoder has a sensing threshold at approximately
0.5 V, thus establishing a 0.5 V margin within which induced
voltages are tolerated. The voltage induced across the receiving
coil is given by
V = (−dβ/dt) ∑ πrn2, n = 1, 2, … , N
where:
β is the magnetic flux density (gauss).
rn is the radius of the nth turn in the receiving coil (cm).
N is the number of turns in the receiving coil.
Given the geometry of the receiving coil in the ADuM4190 and
an imposed requirement that the induced voltage be, at most,
50% of the 0.5 V margin at the decoder, a maximum allowable
magnetic field is calculated as shown in Figure 35.
100
OPTIONAL TRIM-UP
OR TRIM-DOWN
RESISTOR FOR ±10%
OF NOMINAL VALUE
ACCORDING TO DOSA
11336-026
ADuM4190
RTRIM-UP
The ADuM4190 is immune to external magnetic fields. The
limitation on the magnetic field immunity of the ADuM4190 is
set by the condition in which the induced voltage in the receiving
coil of the transformer is sufficiently large to either falsely set or
reset the decoder. The following analysis defines the conditions
under which this can occur. The 3 V operating condition of the
ADuM4190 is examined because the internal regulators provide
3 V to operate the internal circuits of each side of the device.
R6
Open
1.96 kΩ
Open
10.0 kΩ
Rev. 0 | Page 15 of 20
10
1
0.1
0.01
0.001
1k
10k
100k
1M
10M
100M
MAGNETIC FIELD FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 35. Maximum Allowable External Magnetic Flux Density
11336-027
VREF
1.225V
R2
Positive and negative logic transitions at the isolator input cause
narrow (~1 ns) pulses to be sent to the decoder via the transformer.
The decoder is bistable and is, therefore, either set or reset by the
pulses, indicating input logic transitions. If the decoder receives
no internal pulses for more than approximately 3 μs, the input side
is assumed to be unpowered or nonfunctional, and the isolator
output is forced to a default high impedance state by the watchdog timer circuit. In addition, the outputs are in a default high
impedance state while the power is increasing before the UVLO
threshold is crossed.
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE MAGNETIC FLUX
DENSITY (kgauss)
VIN = 0.35V TO 1.5V +IN
ERROR
AMPLIFIER
DC CORRECTNESS AND MAGNETIC FIELD
IMMUNITY
ADuM4190
Data Sheet
For example, at a magnetic field frequency of 1 MHz, the maximum allowable magnetic field of 0.2 kgauss induces a voltage of
0.25 V at the receiving coil. This voltage is approximately 50% of
the sensing threshold and does not cause a faulty output transition. Similarly, if such an event occurs during a transmitted pulse
(and is of the worst-case polarity), the received pulse is reduced
from >1.0 V to 0.75 V—still well above the 0.5 V sensing threshold
of the decoder.
The preceding magnetic flux density values correspond to specific
current magnitudes at given distances from the ADuM4190 transformers. Figure 36 shows these allowable current magnitudes
as a function of frequency for selected distances. As shown in
Figure 36, the ADuM4190 is immune and can be affected only by
extremely large currents operating at a high frequency very close
to the component. For the 1 MHz example, a 0.7 kA current must
be placed 5 mm away from the ADuM4190 to affect the operation
of the device.
DISTANCE = 1m
100
The insulation lifetime of the ADuM4190 depends on the voltage
waveform type imposed across the isolation barrier. The iCoupler
insulation structure degrades at different rates depending on
whether the waveform is bipolar ac, unipolar ac, or dc. Figure 37,
Figure 38, and Figure 39 illustrate these different isolation voltage
waveforms.
A bipolar ac voltage environment is the worst case for the iCoupler
products yet meets the 50-year operating lifetime recommended
by Analog Devices for maximum working voltage. In the case of
unipolar ac or dc voltage, the stress on the insulation is significantly
lower. This allows operation at higher working voltages while still
achieving a 50-year service life. Treat any cross-insulation voltage
waveform that does not conform to Figure 38 or Figure 39 as a
bipolar ac waveform, and limit its peak voltage to the 50-year
lifetime voltage value listed in Table 8.
Note that the voltage presented in Figure 38 is shown as sinusoidal for illustration purposes only. It is meant to represent any
voltage waveform varying between 0 V and some limiting value.
The limiting value can be positive or negative, but the voltage
cannot cross 0 V.
10
DISTANCE = 100mm
1
DISTANCE = 5mm
RATED PEAK VOLTAGE
11336-029
0.1
0V
0.01
1k
10k
100k
1M
10M
100M
MAGNETIC FIELD FREQUENCY (Hz)
11336-028
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE CURRENT (kA)
1000
The values shown in Table 8 summarize the peak voltage for
50 years of service life for a bipolar ac operating condition. In
many cases, the approved working voltage is higher than the
50-year service life voltage. Operation at these high working
voltages can lead to shortened insulation life in some cases.
Figure 36. Maximum Allowable Current for Various
Current-to-ADuM4190 Spacings
Figure 37. Bipolar AC Waveform
RATED PEAK VOLTAGE
Analog Devices performs accelerated life testing using voltage
levels higher than the rated continuous working voltage. Acceleration factors for several operating conditions are determined.
These factors allow calculation of the time to failure at the actual
working voltage.
Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 20
0V
Figure 38. Unipolar AC Waveform
RATED PEAK VOLTAGE
11336-031
All insulation structures eventually break down when subjected
to voltage stress over a sufficiently long period. The rate of insulation degradation is dependent on the characteristics of the voltage
waveform applied across the insulation. In addition to the testing
performed by the regulatory agencies, Analog Devices carries
out an extensive set of evaluations to determine the lifetime of
the insulation structure within the ADuM4190.
11336-030
INSULATION LIFETIME
0V
Figure 39. DC Waveform
Data Sheet
ADuM4190
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
12.85
12.75
12.65
1.93 REF
16
9
7.60
7.50
7.40
1
10.51
10.31
10.11
8
PIN 1
MARK
2.64
2.54
2.44
2.44
2.24
45°
SEATING
PLANE
1.27 BSC
8°
0°
1.01
0.76
0.51
0.46
0.36
0.32
0.23
11-15-2011-A
0.30
0.20
0.10
COPLANARITY
0.1
0.71
0.50
0.31
0.25 BSC
GAGE
PLANE
COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-013-AC
Figure 40. 16-Lead Standard Small Outline Package, with Increased Creepage [SOIC_IC]
Wide Body
(RI-16-2)
Dimensions shown in millimeters
ORDERING GUIDE
Model 1, 2
ADuM4190ARIZ
ADuM4190ARIZ-RL
ADuM4190BRIZ
ADuM4190BRIZ-RL
ADuM4190SRIZ
ADuM4190SRIZ-RL
ADuM4190TRIZ
ADuM4190TRIZ-RL
EVAL-ADuM3190EBZ
1
2
Temperature Range
−40°C to +85°C
−40°C to +85°C
−40°C to +85°C
−40°C to +85°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
−40°C to +125°C
Bandwidth (Typical)
200 kHz
200 kHz
400 kHz
400 kHz
200 kHz
200 kHz
400 kHz
400 kHz
Z = RoHS Compliant Part.
The EVAL-ADuM3190EBZ can be used to evaluate the ADuM3190 and the ADuM4190.
Rev. 0 | Page 17 of 20
Package Description
16-Lead SOIC_IC
16-Lead SOIC_IC
16-Lead SOIC_IC
16-Lead SOIC_IC
16-Lead SOIC_IC
16-Lead SOIC_IC
16-Lead SOIC_IC
16-Lead SOIC_IC
Evaluation Board
Package Option
RI-16-2
RI-16-2
RI-16-2
RI-16-2
RI-16-2
RI-16-2
RI-16-2
RI-16-2
ADuM4190
Data Sheet
NOTES
Rev. 0 | Page 18 of 20
Data Sheet
ADuM4190
NOTES
Rev. 0 | Page 19 of 20
ADuM4190
Data Sheet
NOTES
©2013 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and
registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
D11336-0-7/13(0)
Rev. 0 | Page 20 of 20