MCP9600 Thermocouple EMF to Temperature Converter, ±1.5 °C Maximum Accuracy Features Description • Thermocouple Electromotive Force (EMF) to °C Converter - Integrated Cold-Junction Compensation • Supported Types (designated by NIST ITS-90): - Type K, J, T, N, S, E, B and R • ±1.5°C (Max.) Hot-Junction Accuracy • Measurement Resolution: - Hot- and Cold-Junctions: 0.0625°C (typical) • Four Programmable Temperature Alert Outputs - Monitor Hot- or Cold-Junction Temperatures - Detect Rising or Falling Temperatures - Up to 255°C of Programmable Hysteresis • Programmable Digital Filter for Temperature • Low Power: - Shutdown Mode - Burst Mode: 1 to 128 Temperature Samples • 2-Wire Interface: I2C Compatible, 100 kHz - Supports Eight Devices per I2C bus • Operating Voltage Range: 2.7V to 5.5V • Operating Current: 300 µA (typical) • Shutdown Current: 2 µA (typical) • Package: 20-lead MQFN Microchip Technology Inc.’s MCP9600 converts thermocouple EMF to degree Celsius with integrated Cold-Junction compensation. This device corrects the thermocouple nonlinear error characteristics of eight thermocouple types and outputs ±1.5°C accurate temperature data for the selected thermocouple. The correction coefficients are derived from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) ITS-90 Thermocouple Database. Typical Applications This sensor uses an industry standard 2-Wire, I2C compatible serial interface and supports up to eight devices per bus by setting the device address using the ADDR pin. GND VINTypes K, J, T, N, E, B, S, R VIN+ 2 ADDR GND GND 14 Alert 3 EP 21 GND 3 13 GND VIN- 4 12 Alert 2 GND 5 11 Alert 1 6 7 8 9 10 GND ADDR TC- 15 Alert 4 GND MCP9600 TC+ GND 1 VDD VIN+ 4 Alert SCL 20 19 18 17 16 VDD I2C MCP9600 5x5 MQFN* GND PIC® MCU Package Type SDA Petrochemical Thermal Management Hand-Held Measurement Equipment Industrial Equipment Thermal Management Ovens Industrial Engine Thermal Monitor Temperature Detection Racks The temperature alert limits have multiple user programmable configurations such as alert polarity as either an active-low or active-high push-pull output, and output function as comparator mode (useful for thermostat-type operation) or interrupt mode for microprocessor-based systems. In addition, the alerts can detect either a rising or a falling temperature with up to 255°C hysteresis. GND • • • • • • The MCP9600 digital temperature sensor comes with user-programmable registers which provide design flexibility for various temperature sensing applications. The registers allow user-selectable settings such as Low-Power modes for battery-powered applications, adjustable digital filter for fast transient temperatures and four individually programmable temperature alert outputs which can be used to detect multiple temperature zones. * Includes Exposed Thermal Pad (EP); see Table 3-1. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005426B-page 1 MCP9600 MCP9600 Registers MCP9600 Evaluation Board (ADM00665) MCP9600 DS20005426B-page 2 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Absolute Maximum Ratings † VDD............................................................................................................................................................................ 6.0V Voltage at all Input/Output Pins......................................................................................................... GND – 0.3V to 6.0V Storage Temperature ..............................................................................................................................-65°C to +150°C Ambient Temperature with Power Applied ..............................................................................................-40°C to +125°C Junction Temperature (TJ) .................................................................................................................................... +150°C ESD Protection on all Pins (HBM:MM)........................................................................................................... (4 kV:300V) Latch-up Current at each Pin ............................................................................................................................. ±100 mA † Notice: Stresses above those listed under “Maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, GND = Ground, TA = -40°C to +125°C (where: TA = TC, defined as Device Ambient Temperature). Parameters Sym. Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions -1.5 ±0.5 +1.5 °C TA = 0°C to +85°C, -3.0 ±1 +3.0 °C TA = -40°C to +125°C Thermocouple Sensor Measurement Accuracy TH Hot-Junction Accuracy (VDD = 3.3V) TH_ACY TH = TC + T∆ TC Cold-Junction Accuracy (VDD = 3.3V) TC_ACY -1.0 ±0.5 +1.0 °C TA = 0°C to +85°C -2.0 ±1 +2.0 °C TA = -40°C to +125°C -0.5 ±0.25 +0.5 °C TA = 0°C to +85°C, VDD = 3.3V (Note 1) T∆ Junctions Temperature Delta Accuracy Type K: T∆ = -200°C to +1372°C VEMF range: -5.907 mV to 54.886 mV T∆_ACY Type J: T∆ = -150°C to +1200°C VEMF range: -3.336 mV to 47.476 mV Type T: T∆ = -200°C to +400°C VEMF range: -5.603 mV to 20.81 mV Type N: T∆ = -150°C to +1300°C VEMF range: -3.336 mV to 47.476 mV Type E: T∆ = -200°C to +1000°C VEMF range: -8.825 mV to 76.298 mV Type S: T∆ = 250°C to +1664°C VEMF range: -1.875 mV to 17.529 mV TA = 0°C to +85°C, VDD = 3.3V (Note 1, 2) Type B: T∆ = 1000°C to +1800°C VEMF range: -4.834 mV to 13.591 mV Type R: T∆ = 250°C to +1664°C VEMF range: -1.923 mV to 19.732 mV Note 1: 2: 3: The T_ACY temperature accuracy specification is defined as the device accuracy to the NIST ITS-90 Thermocouple EMF to Degree Celsius conversion Database. T is also defined as the temperature difference between the Hot and Cold Junctions or temperatures from the NIST ITS-90 database. The device measures temperature below the specified range, however the sensitivity to changes in temperature reduces exponentially. Type R and S measure down to -50°C, or -0.226mVEMF and -0.235mVEMF, respectively. Type B measures down to 500°C or 1.242mVEMF (see Figures 2-7, 2-8, 2-14 and Figures 2-10, 2-11 and 2-17). Exceeding the VIN_CM input range may cause leakage current through the ESD protection diodes at the thermocouple input pins. This parameter is characterized but not production tested. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005426B-page 3 MCP9600 DC CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, GND = Ground, TA = -40°C to +125°C (where: TA = TC, defined as Device Ambient Temperature). Parameters Sym. Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions TC and TH Temperature Resolution TRES — ±0.0625 — °C With max. Resolution Sampling Rate (TA = +25°C) tCONV — 320 — ms 18-bit Resolution — 80 — ms 16-bit Resolution — 20 — ms 14-bit Resolution Sensor Characteristics Temperature Calculation Time — 5 — ms 12-bit Resolution tCALC — 12 — ms TA = +25°C VOERR — ±2 — µV VOERR_DRF — 50 — nV/°C GERR — — ±0.04 GERR_DRF — ±0.01 — %FS Thermocouple Input Offset Error Offset Error Drift Full-Scale Gain Error Full-Scale Gain Error Drift Full-Scale Integral Nonlinearity Voltage Resolution Differential Mode Range %FS TA = 0°C to +85°C INL — 10 — ppm VRES — 2 — µV 18-bit Resolution VIN_DF -250 — +250 mV ADC input range 300 — k Differential Mode Impedance ZIN_DF — Common-Mode Range VIN_CM VDD-0.3 — VDD+0.3 V Common-Mode Impedance ZIN_CM — 25 — M Common-Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR — 105 — dB Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR — 60 — dB Line Regulation VLine_R — 0.2 — °C/V Low-Level Voltage VOL — — 0.4 V IOL= 3 mA High-Level Voltage VOH VDD-0.5 — — V IOH= 3 mA Operating Voltage VDD 2.7 — 5.5 V I2C IDD — 0.3 0.5 mA — 1.5 2.5 mA (Note 3) Alert 1, 2, 3, 4 Outputs Operating Voltage and Current Inactive Current I2C Active Current or during tCALC VDD=3.3V, TA = 85°C Shutdown Current ISHDN — 2 5 µA I2C Inactive Power On Reset (POR) Thresholds VPOR 1.0 2.1 2.6 V Rising/Falling VDD tRSP — 3 — s Time to 63%, +25°C (Air) to +125°C (oil bath), 2x2 inch PCB Thermal Response 5x5 mm MQFN Package (Cold-Junction) Note 1: 2: 3: The T_ACY temperature accuracy specification is defined as the device accuracy to the NIST ITS-90 Thermocouple EMF to Degree Celsius conversion Database. T is also defined as the temperature difference between the Hot and Cold Junctions or temperatures from the NIST ITS-90 database. The device measures temperature below the specified range, however the sensitivity to changes in temperature reduces exponentially. Type R and S measure down to -50°C, or -0.226mVEMF and -0.235mVEMF, respectively. Type B measures down to 500°C or 1.242mVEMF (see Figures 2-7, 2-8, 2-14 and Figures 2-10, 2-11 and 2-17). Exceeding the VIN_CM input range may cause leakage current through the ESD protection diodes at the thermocouple input pins. This parameter is characterized but not production tested. DS20005426B-page 4 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 INPUT/OUTPUT PIN DC CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, GND = Ground, TA = -40°C to +125°C (where: TA = TC, defined as Device Ambient Temperature). Parameters Sym. Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions 2 Serial Input/Output and I C Slave Address Input (ADDR) Input (SCL, SDA) High-Level Voltage VIH 0.7VDD — — V VIL — — 0.3VDD V ILEAK — — ±2 µA Low-Level Voltage VOL — — 0.4 V IOL= 3 mA High-Level Current (leakage) IOH — — 1 µA VOH = VDD Low-Level Current IOL 6 — — mA VOL = 0.6V CIN — 5 — pF V Low-Level Voltage Input Current Output (SDA) Capacitance I2C Slave Address Selection Levels (Note 1) Command Byte <1100 000x> VADDR Command Byte <1100 001x> Command Byte <1100 010x> GND — — VADDR_L (Note 2) VADDR_TYP (Note 2) VADDR_H (Note 2) Address = 0 Address = 1 Address = 2 Command Byte <1100 011x> Address = 3 Command Byte <1100 100x> Address = 4 Command Byte <1100 101x> Address = 5 Command Byte <1100 110x> Address = 6 Command Byte <1100 111x> Address = 7 — — VDD VHYST — 0.05VDD — V TSP — 50 — ns SDA and SCLK Inputs Hysteresis Spike Suppression Note 1: 2: VDD > 2V The ADDR pin can be tied to VDD or VSS. For additional slave addresses, resistive divider network can be used to set voltage levels that are rationed to VDD. The device supports up to 8 levels (see Section 6.3.1 “I2C Addressing” for recommended resistor values). VADDR_TYP = Address*VDD/8 + VDD/16, VADDR_L = VADDR_TYP - VDD/32, and VADDR_H = VADDR_TYP + VDD/32 (where: Address = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, GND = Ground. Parameters Sym. Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions Temperature Ranges Specified Temperature Range TA -40 — +125 °C Operating Temperature Range TA -40 — +125 °C Storage Temperature Range TA -65 — +150 °C JA — 38.8 — °C/W Note 1 Thermal Package Resistances Thermal Resistance, MQFN Note 1: Operation in this range must not cause TJ to exceed the Maximum Junction Temperature (+150°C). 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005426B-page 5 MCP9600 SENSOR SERIAL INTERFACE TIMING SPECIFICATIONS Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, GND = Ground, TA = -40°C to +125°C, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V and CL = 80 pF (Note 1). Parameters Sym. Min. Max. Units fSCL 10 100 kHz Low Clock (Note 2) tLOW 4700 — ns High Clock tHIGH 4000 — ns 2-Wire I2 C Interface Serial Port Frequency Rise Time (Note 3) tR — 1000 ns Fall Time (Note 3) tF 20 300 ns Data in Setup Time (Note 2) tSU:DAT 250 — ns Data in Hold Time tHD:DAT 0 — ns Start Condition Setup Time tSU:STA 4700 — ns Start Condition Hold Time tHD:STA 4000 — ns Stop Condition Setup Time tSU:STO 4000 — ns Bus Idle/Free tB-FREE 10 — µs Cb — 400 pf tSTRETCH 60 — µs Bus Capacitive Load Clock Stretching EE P TO -F R U -S tB tS tL O H IG tH W H C TR ET I -D D tH tS U -D AT A tR ,t F SD A SC L tS tH tS U -S TA R T D -S TA R T 3: All values referred to VIL MAX and VIH MIN levels. This device can be used in a Standard-mode I2C-bus system, but the requirement tSU:DAT 250 ns must be met. Characterized, but not production tested. AC K Note 1: 2: Start Condition FIGURE 1-1: DS20005426B-page 6 Data Transmission Stop Condition Timing Diagram. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 2.0 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES Note: The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range. Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, GND = Ground, SDA/SCL pulled-up to VDD and TA = -40°C to +125°C. 0.500 Type K Type K Sensitivity (Δ°C/LSb) 0.50 Tǻ_ACY (°C) 0.25 0.00 -0.25 -0.50 -200 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) Sensitivity (Δ°C/LSb) Type J 0.25 0.00 -0.25 -0.50 -200 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) 1800 FIGURE 2-2: Typical Temperature Accuracy from NIST ITS-90 Database, Type J. 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) 1800 FIGURE 2-4: Temperature Sensitivity with 18-Bit Resolution, Type K. 0.500 0.50 Tǻ_ACY (°C) 0.000 -200 1800 FIGURE 2-1: Typical Temperature Accuracy from NIST ITS-90 Database, Type K. 0.250 Type J 0.250 0.000 -200 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) 1800 FIGURE 2-5: Temperature Sensitivity with 18-Bit Resolution, Type J. 0.500 0.50 Type N Sensitivity (Δ°C/LSb) Type N Tǻ_ACY (°C) 0.25 0.00 -0.25 -0.50 -200 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) 1800 FIGURE 2-3: Typical Temperature Accuracy from NIST ITS-90 Database, Type N. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 0.250 0.000 -200 300 800 1300 1800 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) FIGURE 2-6: Temperature Sensitivity with 18-Bit Resolution, Type N. DS20005426B-page 7 MCP9600 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, GND = Ground, SDA/SCL pulled-up to VDD and TA = -40°C to +125°C. 0.500 0.50 Sensitivity (Δ°C/LSb) Type S 0.25 Tǻ_ACY (°C) Specified Range 0.00 -0.25 Specified Range 0.250 Type S -0.50 -200 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) 1800 FIGURE 2-7: Typical Temperature Accuracy from NIST ITS-90 Database, Type S. 1800 0.500 Type R Specified Range Tǻ_ACY (°C) 0.25 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) FIGURE 2-10: Temperature Sensitivity with 18-Bit Resolution, Type S. Sensitivity (Δ°C/LSb) 0.50 0.000 -200 0.00 -0.25 Specified Range 0.250 Type R -0.50 -200 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) 1800 FIGURE 2-8: Typical Temperature Accuracy from NIST ITS-90 Database, Type R. Type E Tǻ_ACY (°C) 0.25 0.00 -0.25 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) 1800 FIGURE 2-9: Typical Temperature Accuracy from NIST ITS-90 Database, Type E. DS20005426B-page 8 1800 0.500 Type E -0.50 -200 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) FIGURE 2-11: Temperature Sensitivity with 18-Bit Resolution, Type R. Sensitivity (Δ°C/LSb) 0.50 0.000 -200 0.250 0.000 -200 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) 1800 FIGURE 2-12: Temperature Sensitivity with 18-Bit Resolution, Type E. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, GND = Ground, SDA/SCL pulled-up to VDD and TA = -40°C to +125°C. 0.50 0.500 Sensitivity (Δ°C/LSb) Type T Tǻ_ACY (°C) 0.25 0.00 -0.25 -0.50 -200 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) 0.250 0.000 -200 1800 FIGURE 2-13: Typical Temperature Accuracy from NIST ITS-90 Database, Type T. 1800 0.500 Type B Sensitivity (Δ°C/LSb) Type B 0.25 Specified Range Tǻ_ACY (°C) 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) FIGURE 2-16: Temperature Sensitivity with 18-Bit Resolution, Type T. 0.50 0.00 -0.25 -0.50 -200 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) Specified Range 0.250 0.000 -200 1800 FIGURE 2-14: Typical Temperature Accuracy from NIST ITS-90 Database, Type B. 300 800 1300 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) 1800 FIGURE 2-17: Temperature Sensitivity with 18-Bit Resolution, Type B. 10 0.4 Gain Error (% of FSR) Offset Error (µV) Type T 5 0 -5 VDD = 3.3V 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -10 -0.4 -40 -20 FIGURE 2-15: (VIN+, VIN-). 0 20 40 60 Temperature (°C) 80 100 120 Input Offset Error Voltage 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. -40 -20 FIGURE 2-18: 0 20 40 60 Temperature (°C) 80 100 120 Full-Scale Gain Error. DS20005426B-page 9 MCP9600 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, GND = Ground, SDA/SCL pulled-up to VDD and TA = -40°C to +125°C. 0.005 Integral Nonlinearity (% of FSR) 10.0 TA = +25°C 5.0 2.5 0.0 -100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 Input Voltage (% of Full-Scale) 75 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.000 100 Input Noise, % of Full-Scale. FIGURE 2-19: 0.004 2.5 40% VDD = 3.3V 722 units at -40°C, +45°C, +125°C 64 units at other temperatures 4.5 5.0 5.5 TA = -40°C to +125°C VDD = 3.3V 2787 units 30% Occurrences 1.0 Spec Limit 0.0 3.3V Average -1.0 20% 10% +Std. Dev. Stdev+ Stdev-Std. Dev. FIGURE 2-20: Cold-Junction Sensor Temperature Accuracy. 400 300 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 Temperature Accuracy (°C) FIGURE 2-23: Cold-Junction Sensor Temperature Accuracy Distribution. T-40C A = -40°C 35C TA = +35°C 85C TA = +85°C 125C TA = +125°C SDA, and Alert 1, 2, 3, 4 outputs -0.2 -1.0 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Tǻ Temperature, ITS-90 Database (°C) 200 500 T-40C A = -40°C 35C TA = +35°C 85C TA = +85°C 125C TA = +125°C Alert 1, 2, 3, 4 outputs 400 VDD - VOH (µA) -40 -0.4 0% -2.0 -0.6 Tǻ_ACY (°C) 3.5 4.0 VDD (V) Integral Nonlinearity across FIGURE 2-22: VDD. 2.0 VOL (µA) 3.0 -0.8 Noise (µV, rms) 7.5 300 200 100 100 0 2.5 3.0 FIGURE 2-21: across VDD. DS20005426B-page 10 3.5 4.0 VDD (V) 4.5 5.0 5.5 SDA and Alert Outputs, VOL 2.5 3.0 FIGURE 2-24: VDD. 3.5 4.0 VDD (V) 4.5 5.0 5.5 Alert Outputs, VOH across 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 2.7V to 5.5V, GND = Ground, SDA/SCL pulled-up to VDD and TA = -40°C to +125°C. 500 2.0 400 85C TA = +85°C 300 TA = -40°C -40C 35C TA = +35°C 85C TA = + 85°C 125C TA = +125°C 200 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 VDD (V) 4.5 5.0 0.0 2.5 5.5 I2C Inactive IDD across VDD. FIGURE 2-25: -40C TA = -40°C 35C TA = +35°C 85C TA = + 85°C 125C TA = +125°C 1500 1000 3.5 4.0 VDD (V) 4.5 5.0 5.5 T-40C A = -40°C TA = +35°C 35C 85C TA = +85°C 125C TA = +125°C 40.0 tSTRETCH (µs) 2000 3.0 FIGURE 2-28: SDA, SCL and ADDR Input Pins Leakage Current, ILEAK across VDD. 60.0 2500 I2C Active, IDD (µA) TA = +125°C 125C 1.0 100 20.0 0.0 500 2.5 3.0 FIGURE 2-26: 5.0 3.5 4.0 VDD (V) 4.5 5.0 2.5 5.5 I2C Active IDD across VDD. 2.0% ΔtCALC (%) 1.0% 3.0 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 VDD (V) 4.5 5.5 Conditions: tCALC = 12 ms (typical) VDD = 3.3V TA = Room Temperature 0.0% -40C TA = -40°C 35C TA = +35°C 85C TA = + 85°C 125C TA = +125°C -1.0% 1.0 5.0 FIGURE 2-29: I2C Interface Clock Stretch Duration, tSTRETCH across VDD. -40C TA = -40°C 35C TA = +35°C 85C TA = + 85°C 125C TA = +125°C 4.0 ISHDN (µA) T-40C A = -40°C 35C TA = +35°C ILEAK (µA) I2C Inactive, IDD (µA) ADDR/SDA/SCL pins -2.0% 0.0 2.5 3.0 FIGURE 2-27: across VDD. 3.5 4.0 VDD (V) 4.5 5.0 5.5 Shutdown Current, ISHDN 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 VDD (V) 4.5 5.0 5.5 FIGURE 2-30: Temperature Calculation Duration, tCALC change across VDD. DS20005426B-page 11 MCP9600 NOTES: DS20005426B-page 12 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 3.0 PIN DESCRIPTION The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 3-1. TABLE 3-1: 3.1 PIN FUNCTION TABLE 5x5 MQFN Symbol Pin Function 1, 3, 5,13, 17 GND Electrical ground 2 VIN+ Thermocouple Positive Terminal input 4 VIN- Thermocouple Negative Terminal input 6, 7, 9, 10, 18 GND Not electrical ground; must be tied to ground 8 VDD Power 11 Alert 1 Alert Output 1 12 Alert 2 Alert Output 2 14 Alert 3 Alert Output 3 15 Alert 4 Alert Output 4 16 ADDR I2C Save Address selection voltage input 19 SCL I2C Clock Input 20 SDA I2C Data Input 21 EP Exposed Thermal Pad (EP); must be connected to GND Ground Pin (GND) 3.6 Serial Clock Line (SCL) The GND pin is the system ground pin. Pins 1, 3, 5, 13 and 17 are system ground pins and they are at the same potential. However, pins 6, 7, 9, 10 and 18 must be connected to ground for normal operation. The SCL is a clock input pin. All communication and timing is relative to the signal on this pin. The clock is generated by the host or master controller on the bus (see Section 4.0 “Serial Communication”). 3.2 3.7 Thermocouple Input (VIN+, VIN-) The thermocouple wires are directly connected to these inputs. The positive node is connected to the VIN+ pin while the negative node connects to the VINnode. The thermocouple voltage is converted to degree Celsius. 3.3 Serial Data Line (SDA) SDA is a bidirectional input/output pin used to serially transmit data to/from the host controller. This pin requires a pull-up resistor (see Section 4.0 “Serial Communication”). Power Pin (VDD) VDD is the power pin. The operating voltage range, as specified in the DC Electrical Specification table, is applied on this pin. 3.4 Push-Pull Alert Outputs (Alert 1, 2, 3, 4) The MCP9600’s Alert pins are user-programmable push-pull outputs which can be used to detect rising or falling temperatures. The device outputs signals when the ambient temperature exceeds the user-programmed temperature alert limit. 3.5 I2C Slave Address Pin (ADDR) This pin is used to set the I2C slave address. This pin can be tied to VDD, GND, or a ratio of VDD can be selected to set up to eight address levels using a resistive voltage divider network. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005426B-page 13 MCP9600 NOTES: DS20005426B-page 14 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 4.0 SERIAL COMMUNICATION 4.1 2-Wire Standard Mode I2C Protocol-Compatible Interface The MCP9600’s serial clock input (SCL) and the bidirectional serial data line (SDA) form a 2-Wire bidirectional data communication line (refer to the Input/Output Pin DC Characteristics table and Sensor Serial Interface Timing Specifications table). The following bus protocol has been defined: TABLE 4-1: Term MCP9600 SERIAL BUS PROTOCOL DESCRIPTIONS Description Master The device that controls the serial bus, typically a microcontroller Slave The device addressed by the master, such as the MCP9600 Transmitter Device sending data to the bus Receiver Device receiving data from the bus START A unique signal from master to initiate serial interface with a slave STOP A unique signal from the master to terminate serial interface from a slave Read/Write A read or write to the MCP9600 registers ACK A receiver Acknowledges (ACK) the reception of each byte by polling the bus NAK A receiver Not-Acknowledges (NAK) or releases the bus to show End-of-Data (EOD) Busy Communication is not possible because the bus is in use Not Busy The bus is in the idle state, both SDA and SCL remain high Data Valid SDA must remain stable before SCL becomes high in order for a data bit to be considered valid. During normal data transfers, SDA only changes state while SCL is low. 4.1.1 DATA TRANSFER Data transfers are initiated by a Start condition (START), followed by a 7-bit device address and a read/write bit. An Acknowledge (ACK) from the slave confirms the reception of each byte. Each access must be terminated by a Stop condition (STOP). This device supports the Receive Protocol. The register can be specified using the pointer for the initial read. Each repeated read or receive begins with a Start condition and address byte. The MCP9600 retains the previously selected register. Therefore, it outputs data from the previously-specified register (repeated pointer specification is not necessary). 4.1.2 MASTER/SLAVE The bus is controlled by a master device (typically a microcontroller) that controls the bus access and generates the Start and Stop conditions. The MCP9600 is a slave device and does not control other devices in the bus. Both master and slave devices can operate as either transmitter or receiver. However, the master device determines which mode is activated. 4.1.3 START/STOP CONDITION A high-to-low transition of the SDA line (while SCL is high) is the Start condition. All data transfers must be preceded by a Start condition from the master. A low-to-high transition of the SDA line (while SCL is high) signifies a Stop condition. If a Start or Stop condition is introduced during data transmission, the MCP9600 releases the bus. All data transfers are ended by a Stop condition from the master. 4.1.4 ADDRESS BYTE Following the Start condition, the host must transmit an 8-bit address byte to the MCP9600. The address for the MCP9600 Temperature Sensor is ‘11,0,0,A2,A1,A0’ in binary, where the A2, A1 and A0 bits are set externally by connecting the corresponding VADDR voltage levels on the ADDR pin (see Section “Input/Output Pin DC Characteristics”). The 7-bit address transmitted in the serial bit stream must match the selected address for the MCP9600 to respond with an ACK. Bit 8 in the address byte is a read/write bit. Setting this bit to ‘1’ commands a read operation, while ‘0’ commands a write operation (see Figure 4-1). Command Byte SCL 1 2 3 4 SDA 1 1 0 0 A2 A1 A0 Start 6 7 Slave Address 8 9 A C K R/W MCP9600 Response Repeated communication is initiated after tB-FREE. FIGURE 4-1: 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 5 Device Addressing. DS20005426B-page 15 MCP9600 4.1.5 DATA VALID After the Start condition, each bit of data in transmission needs to be settled for a time specified by tSU-DATA before SCL toggles from low-to-high (see the Sensor Serial Interface Timing Specifications section). 4.1.6 ACKNOWLEDGE (ACK/NAK) Each receiving device, when addressed, is expected to generate an ACK bit after the reception of each byte. The master device must generate an extra clock pulse for ACK to be recognized. The acknowledging device pulls down the SDA line for tSU-DATA before the low-to-high transition of SCL from the master. SDA also needs to remain pulled-down for tHD-DAT after a high-to-low transition of SCL. During read, the master must signal an End-of-Data (EOD) to the slave by not generating an ACK bit (NAK) once the last bit has been clocked out of the slave. In this case, the slave will leave the data line released to enable the master to generate the Stop condition. 4.1.7 CLOCK STRETCHING 2 During the I C read operation, this device will hold the I2C clock line low for tSTRECH after the falling edge of the ACK signal. In order to prevent bus contention, the master controller must release or hold the SCL line low during this period. In addition, the master controller must provide eight consecutive clock cycles after generating the ACK bit from a read command. This allows the device to push out data from the SDA output shift registers. Missing clock cycles could result in bus contention. At the end of the data transmission, the master controller must provide the NAK bit, followed by a STOP bit to terminate communication. MCP9600 Clock Stretching – tSTRETCH 7 A 0 8 R 1 A C K X 2 X 3 X 4 X 5 X 6 X 7 X 8 X A C K TH MSB Data MCP9600 FIGURE 4-2: 4.1.8 Master Clock Stretching. SEQUENTIAL READ During sequential read, the device transmits data from the proceeding register starting from the previously set register pointer. The MCP9600 maintains an internal address pointer, which is incremented at the completion of each read-data transmission followed by ACK from the master. A stop bit terminates the sequential read. DS20005426B-page 16 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 1 0 0 A 2 A 1 A 0 W C K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X SCL SDA S A TABLE 4-2: Address Byte MCP9600 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 1 0 0 A 2 A 1 A 0 R C A C P K POINTERS Read Only Registers Pointer TH 0000 0000 T∆ 0000 0001 TC 0000 0010 MCP9600 Clock Stretching 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 SCL SDA S A K Address Byte A C K P LSB Data MSB Data Master MCP9600 N A K Master Note: this is an example pseudo routine: i2c_start(); i2c_write(b’1100 0000’); // send START command // WRITE Command // also, make sure bit 0 is cleared ‘0’ i2c_write(b’0000 00XX’); i2c_stop(); i2c_start(); i2c_write(b’1100 0001’); // Write TH, T∆, or TC registers // send STOP command // send START command // READ Command // also, make sure bit 0 is set ‘1’ UpperByte = i2c_read(ACK); // READ 8 bits // and Send ACK bit LowerByte = i2c_read(NAK); // READ 8 bits // and Send NAK bit // send STOP command i2c_stop(); //Convert the temperature data if ((UpperByte UpperByte = Temperature }else Temperature & 0x80) == 0x80){ //TA 0°C UpperByte & 0x7F; //Clear SIGN = 1024 - (UpperByte x 16 + LowerByte / 16); //TA 0°C = (UpperByte x 16 + LowerByte / 16); //Temperature = Ambient Temperature (°C) FIGURE 4-3: Timing Diagram to Set a Register Pointer and Read a Two Byte Data. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005426B-page 17 MCP9600 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 1 0 0 A 2 A 1 A 0 W C K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 X X X X X X X X SCL SDA S A A C K A C K P Register Data Address Byte TABLE 4-3: MCP9600 POINTERS Read/Write Registers Pointer Status 0000 0100 Configuration 0000 0101 0000 0110 MCP9600 Clock Stretching 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 1 0 0 A 2 A 1 A 0 R C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 X X X X X X X X SCL SDA S A K Address Byte N A K P LSB Data Master MCP9600 Note: this is an example pseudo routine: i2c_start(); i2c_write(b’1100 0000’); // send START command // WRITE Command // also, make sure bit 0 is cleared ‘0’ i2c_write(b’0000 01XX’); i2c_write(b’XXXX XXXX’); i2c_stop(); i2c_start(); i2c_write(b’1100 0001’); // Write Status or Configuration registers // Write register data // send STOP command // send START command // READ Command // also, make sure bit 0 is set ‘1’ Data = i2c_read(NAK); // READ 8 bits // and Send NAK bit i2c_stop(); FIGURE 4-4: DS20005426B-page 18 // send STOP command Timing Diagram to Set a Register Pointer and Read a Two Byte Data. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 1 0 0 A 2 A 1 A 0 W C K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 X X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 X X X X X X X X C SCL SDA S A Address Byte TABLE 4-4: MCP9600 A C K Pointer Alert 1 0001 0000 Alert 2 0001 0001 Alert 3 0001 0010 Alert 4 0001 0011 K Alert 1, 2, 3, 4 MSB POINTERS Alert Limit Registers A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 X X X X X X X X A C P K Alert 1, 2, 3, 4 LSB MCP9600 Clock Stretching 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 1 0 0 A 2 A 1 A 0 R C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 X X X X X X X X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 X X X X X X X X SCL SDA S Address Byte A K MCP9600 MSB Data A C K Master LSB Data N A K P Master Note: this is an example pseudo routine: i2c_start(); i2c_write(b’1100 0000’); // send START command //WRITE Command //also, make sure bit 0 is cleared ‘0’ i2c_write(b’0001 i2c_write(b’XXXX i2c_write(b’XXXX i2c_stop(); i2c_start(); i2c_write(b’1100 00XX’); XXXX’); XXXX’); // Write Alert registers // Write register Upper Byte // Write register Lower Byte // send STOP command // send START command 0001’); //READ Command //also, make sure bit 0 is set ‘1’ UpperByte = i2c_read(ACK); // READ 8 bits //and Send ACK bit LowerByte = i2c_read(NAK); // READ 8 bits //and Send NAK bit i2c_stop(); FIGURE 4-5: // send STOP command Timing Diagram to Set a Register Pointer and Read a Two Byte Data. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005426B-page 19 MCP9600 MCP9600 Clock Stretching 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 1 0 0 A 2 A 1 A 0 R 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SCL SDA S Address Byte A C K A C K TH MSB Data MCP9600 MCP9600 Clock Stretching Note 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 X X X X X X X X A C K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 X X X X X X X X TH LSB Data A C K X X X X Master Master TC MSB Data X X N A K P Master TC LSB Data Device ID LSB Note 1: All registers can be read sequentially starting from the previously set register pointer. Note: this is an example pseudo routine: i2c_start(); i2c_write(b’1100 0000’); // send START command // WRITE Command // also, make sure bit 0 is cleared ‘0’ i2c_write(b’0000 0000’); i2c_stop(); i2c_start(); i2c_write(b’1100 0001’); // Write TH register to set the starting register for sequential read // send STOP command // send START command // READ Command // also, make sure bit 0 is set ‘1’ for (i=0; i<29, i++){ Data_Buffer[i] = i2c_read(ACK); // READ 8 bits // and Send ACK bit } Data_Buffer[i] = i2c_read(NAK); // READ 8 bits // and Send NAK bit i2c_stop(); FIGURE 4-6: DS20005426B-page 20 // send STOP command Timing Diagram to Sequential Read all Registers Starting from TH Register. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 5.0 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The MCP9600 temperature sensor consists of an 18-bit delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter which is used to measure the thermocouple voltage or EMF, a digital temperature sensor used to measure cold-junction or ambient temperature and a processor core which is used to compute the EMF to degree Celsius conversion using coefficients derived from NIST ITS-90 coefficients. Figure 5-1 shows a block diagram of how these functions are structured in the device. + VIN+ ADC core Del Sig Thermocouple VIN- User Registers: Thermocouple Hot-Junction, TH Error correction Thermocouple Junctions Delta, T∆ Thermocouple Cold-Junction, TC Digital Filter Thermocouple Type Selection Sensor Status Sensor Configuration Device Resolution & Power Modes Configuration Alert 1 Limit Alert 1 Output Alert 2 Limit Alert 2 Output Alert 3 Limit Alert 3 Output Alert 4 Limit Alert 4 Output Hysteresis Configuration Hysteresis Configuration Hysteresis Configuration Hysteresis Device ID I2C Module SCL SDA ADDR FIGURE 5-1: Functional Block Diagram. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005426B-page 21 MCP9600 The MCP9600 device has several registers that are user-accessible. These registers include the thermocouple temperature (cold-junction compensated), hot-junction temperature, cold-junction temperature, raw ADC data, user programmable Alert limit registers, and status and configuration registers. The temperature and the raw ADC data registers are read-only registers, used to access the thermocouple and the ambient temperature data. In addition, the four Alert Temperature registers are individually controlled and can be used to detect a rising and/or a falling temperature change. If the ambient temperature drifts beyond the user-specified limits, the MCP9600 device outputs an alert flag at the corresponding pin (refer to REGISTER 5-1: Section 5.3.3 “Alert configuration Registers”). The Alert limits can also be used to detect critical temperature events. The MCP9600 also provides a status and configuration registers which allow users to detect device statuses. The configuration registers provide various features such as adjustable temperature measurement resolution and Shutdown modes. The thermocouple types can also be selected using the configuration registers. The registers are accessed by sending a Register Pointer to the MCP9600 using the serial interface. This is an 8-bit write-only pointer. Register 5-1 describes the pointer definitions. REGISTER POINTER U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 W-0 W-0 W-0 W-0 — — — — P3 P2 P1 P0 bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Write ‘0’ bit 3-0 P<3:0>: Pointer bits 0000 0000 = Thermocouple Hot-Junction Register - TH 0000 0001 = Junctions Temperature Delta Register - T∆ 0000 0010 = Cold-Junction Temperature Register - TC 0000 0011 = Raw ADC Data 0000 0100 = Status 0000 0101 = Thermocouple Sensor Configuration 0000 0110 = Device Configuration 0000 1000 = Alert 1 Configuration 0000 1001 = Alert 2 Configuration 0000 1010 = Alert 3 Configuration 0000 1011 = Alert 4 Configuration 0000 1100 = Alert 1 Hysteresis - THYST1 0000 1101 = Alert 2 Hysteresis - THYST2 0000 1110 = Alert 3 Hysteresis - THYST3 0000 1111 = Alert 4 Hysteresis - THYST4 0001 0000 = Temperature Alert 1 Limit - TALERT1 0001 0001 = Temperature Alert 2 Limit - TALERT2 0001 0010 = Temperature Alert 3 Limit - TALERT3 0001 0011 = Temperature Alert 4 Limit - TALERT4 0010 0000 = Device ID/Rev Register DS20005426B-page 22 x = Bit is unknown 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 TABLE 5-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS AND BIT ASSIGNMENTS Pointer bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 Hot-Junction Temperature – TH Register 00000000 SIGN 1024°C 512°C 256°C 128°C 64°C 32°C 16°C 8°C 4°C 2°C 1°C 0.5°C 0.25°C 0.125°C 0.0625°C Junctions Temperature Delta – T∆ 00000001 SIGN 1024°C 512°C 256°C 128°C 64°C 32°C 16°C 8°C 4°C 2°C 1°C 0.5°C 0.25°C 0.125°C 0.0625°C Cold-Junction Temperature – TC 00000010 8°C 4°C 2°C 1°C Raw data ADC 00000011 SIGN 128°C 64°C 32°C 16°C 0.5°C 0.25°C 0.125°C 0.0625°C bit 17 bit 16 SIGN bit 15 bit 8 bit 7 Status 00000100 Flag, Burst Complete Thermocouple 00000101 Sensor Configuration — Device Configuration 00000110 Cold-Junc. Alert 1 Configuration 00001000 00001001 00001010 00001011 00001100 00001101 00001110 00001111 00010000 Alert 2 Configuration Alert 3 Configuration Alert 4 Configuration Alert 1 Hysteresis Alert 2 Hysteresis Alert 3 Hysteresis Alert 4 Hysteresis Alert 1 Limit bit 0 Flag, TH Updated — Flag, Input Range Thermocouple Type Select Type K, J, T, N, S, E, B, R ADC Resolution Alert 4 Status Alert 3 Status — Alert 2 Status Alert 1 Status Filter Coefficients Burst Mode Temperature Samples Shutdown Modes Resolution Interrupt Clear — — Monitor TH or TC Detect Rising or Falling Temps 128°C 64°C 32°C 16°C 8°C SIGN 1024°C 512°C 256°C 8°C 4°C 2°C 1°C 1024°C 512°C 256°C Active- High Comparator or or Active-Low Interrupt Output Mode Enable Alert Output 4°C 2°C 1°C 128°C 64°C 32°C 16°C 0.5°C 0.25°C — — 128°C 64°C 32°C 16°C Alert 2 Limit 00010001 SIGN 8°C 4°C 2°C 1°C 0.5°C 0.25°C — — Alert 3 Limit 00010010 SIGN 1024°C 512°C 256°C 128°C 64°C 32°C 16°C 8°C 4°C 2°C 1°C 0.5°C 0.25°C — — Alert 4 Limit 00010011 SIGN 1024°C 512°C 256°C 128°C 64°C 32°C 16°C 8°C 4°C 2°C 1°C 0.5°C 0.25°C — — Device ID/Rev 00100000 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rev ID Major 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. Rev ID Minor DS20005426B-page 23 MCP9600 5.1 Thermocouple Temperature Sensor Registers This device integrates three temperature registers that are used to read the cold and hot-junction temperatures and the sum of the two junctions to output the absolute thermocouple temperature. In addition, the raw ADC data which is used to derive the thermocouple temperature is available. The following sections describe each register in detail. 5.1.1 The temperature bits are in two’s complement format, therefore, positive temperature data and negative temperature data are computed differently. Equation 5-1 shows how to convert the binary data to temperature in degree Celsius. Temperature Sensor core THERMOCOUPLE TEMPERATURE REGISTER – TH This register contains the cold-junction compensated and error-corrected Thermocouple temperature in degree Celsius. The temperature data from this register is the absolute Thermocouple Hot-Junction Temperature TH to the specified accuracy, Section 1.0 “Electrical Characteristics”. TH is the sum of the values in T∆ and TC registers as shown in Figure 5-2. EQUATION 5-1: Delta Sigma 18-bit VIN- TH Thermocouple Temperature T∆ ADC core VIN+ Error Corrected Temperature ADC Thermocouple Register’s FIGURE 5-2: Block Diagram. TEMPERATURE CONVERSION TC Temperature 0°C TH = (UpperByte x 24 + LowerByte x 2-4) Temperature 0°C TH = 1024 - (UpperByte x 24 + LowerByte x 2-4) REGISTER 5-2: THERMOCOUPLE TEMPERATURE REGISTER (READ ONLY) R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 SIGN 1024°C 512°C 256°C 128°C 64°C 32°C 16°C bit 15 bit 8 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 8°C 4°C 2°C 1°C 0.5°C 0.25°C 0.125°C 0.0625°C bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown bit 15 SIGN: 1 = TA 0°C 0 = TA 0°C bit 14-0 TH: Data in two’s complement format This register contains the error corrected and cold-junction compensated Thermocouple temperature. DS20005426B-page 24 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 5.1.2 THERMOCOUPLE JUNCTIONS DELTA TEMPERATURE REGISTER – T∆ This register contains the error corrected Thermocouple Hot-Junction temperature without the Cold-Junction compensation. The error correction methodology uses several coefficients to convert the digitized Thermocouple EMF voltage to degree Celsius. Each Thermocouple type has a unique set of coefficients as specified by NIST, and these coefficients are available in the configuration register for user selection as shown in Figure 5-3. EQUATION 5-2: ADC core VIN+ VIN- Thermocouple Types: - Temperature 0°C T∆ = (UpperByte x 24 + LowerByte x 2-4) Type K Type J Type T Type N Type S Type E Type B Type R ADC code to degree Celsius conversion using coefficients derived from NIST look-up table database. T∆ (see Register 5-6) T∆ = 1024 - (UpperByte x 24 + LowerByte x 2-4) The temperature bits are in two’s complement format, therefore, positive temperature data and negative temperature data are computed differently, as shown in Equation 5-2. REGISTER 5-3: Check if the ADC code is within range for the selected thermocouple type User-Selectable, TEMPERATURE CONVERSION Temperature 0°C ADC Delta Sigma 18-bit Thermocouple Junctions Delta Temperature – T∆ FIGURE 5-3: Thermocouple Hot-Junction Register – T∆ Block Diagram. HOT-JUNCTION TEMPERATURE REGISTER (READ ONLY) R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 SIGN 1024°C 512°C 256°C 128°C 64°C 32°C 16°C bit 15 bit 8 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 8°C 4°C 2°C 1°C 0.5°C 0.25°C 0.125°C 0.0625°C bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 15 SIGN: 1 = TA 0°C 0 = TA 0°C bit 14-0 T∆: Data in two’s complement format This register contains Thermocouple Hot-Junction temperature data. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. x = Bit is unknown DS20005426B-page 25 MCP9600 5.1.3 COLD-JUNCTION/AMBIENT TEMPERATURE REGISTER (TC) TABLE 5-2: The MCP9600 integrates an ambient temperature sensor which can be used to measure the Thermocouple Cold-Junction temperature. For accurate measurement, the MCP9600 will have to be placed at close proximity to the Thermocouple cold-junction to detect the junction ambient temperature. This is a 16-bit double buffered read-only register. The temperature resolution is user selectable to 0.0625°C/LSb or 0.25°C/LSb resolutions and setting the resolution determines the temperature update rate as shown in Table 5-2. EQUATION 5-3: TEMPERATURE CONVERSION RESOLUTION VS. CONVERSION TIME Resolution Conversion Time (typical) Register Bits (Note 1) 0.0625°C 250 ms SSSS XXXX XXXX XXXX 0.25°C 63 ms SSSS XXXX XXXX XX00 Note 1: ‘S’ is Sign and ‘X’ is unknown bit. TC Ambient Temperature Sensor Core Thermocouple Cold-Junction Temperature -TC Selectable Resolution Temperature 0°C - 0.0625°C - 0.25°C TC = (UpperByte x 24 + LowerByte x 2-4) (see Register 5-8) Temperature 0°C TC = 1024 - (UpperByte x 24 + LowerByte x 2-4) FIGURE 5-4: Thermocouple Cold-Junction Register – TC Block Diagram. The temperature bits are in two’s complement format, therefore, positive temperature data and negative temperature data are computed differently, as shown in Equation 5-3. REGISTER 5-4: R-0 COLD-JUNCTION TEMPERATURE REGISTER R-0 R-0 R-0 SIGN R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 128°C 64°C 32°C 16°C bit 15 bit 8 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 8°C 4°C 2°C 1°C 0.5°C 0.25°C 0.125°C 0.0625°C bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown bit 15-12 SIGN: 1 = TA 0°C 0 = TA 0°C bit 11-0 TC: Data in two’s complement format This register contains Thermocouple Cold-Junction temperature or the device ambient temperature data. Bits 1 and 0 may remain clear ‘0’ depending on the status of the resolution register. DS20005426B-page 26 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 5.1.4 ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER – ADC ADC Core The MCP9600 uses an 18-bit Delta Sigma Analog-to-Digital converter to digitize the Thermocouple EMF voltage and the data is available in the ADC register. The ADC measurement resolution is selectable which enables the user choose faster conversion times with reduced resolution. This feature is useful to detect fast transient temperatures. TABLE 5-3: Conversion Time (typical) Raw ADC Register Bit Format (Note 1) 18 bit/2 µV 320 ms SSSS SSSX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX 16 bit/8 µV 80 ms SSSS SSSX XXXX XXXX XXXX XX00 14 bit/32 µV 20 ms SSSS SSSX XXXX XXXX XXXX 0000 12 bit/128 µV 5 ms SSSS SSSX XXXX XXXX XX00 0000 2: ADC Delta Sigma VIN- Raw ADC Code Register Selectable Resolutions: ADC RESOLUTION (Note 2) Resolution/ Sensitivity (typical) Note 1: VIN+ - 18 bit 16 bit 14 bit 12 bit (see Register 5-7) FIGURE 5-5: Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter, ADC Core – Block Diagram. ‘S’ is the Sign bit and ‘X’ is the ADC data bit. See Section 6.2.2 “Conversion Time vs. Self-Heat”. REGISTER 5-5: R-0 SAMPLE: 24-BIT REGISTER R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 SIGN R-0 ADC Data bit 23 bit 16 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 ADC Data bit 15 bit 8 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 ADC Data bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 23-0 x = Bit is unknown ADC Data<23:0>: Raw ADC Data, including sign bits 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005426B-page 27 MCP9600 5.2 Sensor Status and Configuration Registers This device provides various temperature and measurement status bits which can be monitored regularly by the master controller. In addition, this device integrates various user programmable features which can be useful to develop complex thermal management applications. The following sections describe each features in detail. REGISTER 5-6: 5.2.1 STATUS REGISTER The Status register contains several flag bits that indicate statuses, such as temperature alert, the ADC input range status for the selected thermocouple type and the temperature register update status for both single conversion or burst mode conversions. STATUS REGISTER R/W-0 R/W-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 Flag, Burst Complete Flag, TH Update — Flag, Input Range Alert 4 Status Alert 3 Status Alert 2 Status Alert 1 Status bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown bit 7 Burst Complete, Flag bit: Burst mode Conversions Status flag 1 = T∆ register Burst mode Conversions Complete 0 = Writing 0 has no effect Once Burst mode is enabled, this bit is normally set after the first Burst is complete. User can clear it and poll the bit periodically until the next Burst of temperature conversions is complete (see Register 5-8). bit 6 TH update, Flag bit: Temperature Update flag 1 = Temperature Conversion Complete 0 = Writing 0 has no effect This bit is normally set. User can clear it and poll the bit until the next temperature conversion is complete. bit 5 Unimplemented: Read as “0”. bit 4 Input Range, Flag bit: ADC Input Voltage Range Detection bit (READ ONLY) 1 = The input voltage (or the Thermocouple EMF Voltage) exceeds the range for the selected Thermocouple type 0 = The input voltage (or the Thermocouple EMF Voltage) is within measurement range for the selected Thermocouple type If this bit is set, then the MCP9600 does not convert the input voltage (EMF) to Degree Celsius (Temperature data conversion is bypassed). Both T∆ and TH registers hold the previous temperature data. bit 3 Alert 4 Status (READ ONLY) 1 = TX TALERT4 0 = TX ≤TALERT4 Where: TX is either TH or TC (User selectable, see Register 5-10) bit 2 Alert 3 Status (READ ONLY) 1 = TX TALERT3 0 = TX ≤TALERT3 Where: TX is either TH or TC (User selectable, see Register 5-10) bit 1 Alert 2 Status (READ ONLY) 1 = TX TALERT2 0 = TX ≤TALERT2 Where: TX is either TH or TC (User selectable, see Register 5-10) bit 0 Alert 1 Status (READ ONLY) 1 = TX TALERT1 0 = TX ≤TALERT1 Where: TX is either TH or TC (User selectable, see Register 5-10) DS20005426B-page 28 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 THERMOCOUPLE SENSOR CONFIGURATION REGISTER EQUATION 5-4: The MCP9600 sensor configuration register is used to select the thermocouple sensor types and to select the digital filter options. This device supports eight thermocouple types. Each type has a unique set of error correction coefficients that are derived from the NIST Thermocouple EMF voltage conversion database. In addition, this device integrates a first order recursive Infinite Impulse Response (IIR filter), also known as Exponential Moving Average (EMA). The filter uses the current new temperature sample and the previous filter output to calculate the next filter output. It also adds more weight to the current temperature data, allowing a faster filter response to the immediate change in temperature. This feature can be used to filter out fast thermal transients or thermal instability at the Thermocouple Hot-Junction temperature. Writing this register resets the filter. The filter equation is shown in Equation 5-4 and the filter coefficient n is user selectable from level 0 to 7. A coefficient of 0 disables the filter function, and 7 provides maximum digital filter. Figure 5-6 shows the filter response to a step function, which can be used to extrapolate the filter performance to various temperature changes. REGISTER 5-7: R-0 — DIGITAL FILTER Y = k X + 1 – k Y–1 k = 2 2 + 1 n Where: Y = New filtered temperature in T∆ X = Current, unfiltered hot-junction temperatures Y-1 = Previous filtered temperature n = User selectable filter coefficient 1.0 Filter Output (°C) 5.2.2 n=0 n=1 n=2 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=6 n=7 0.5 0.0 0.0 32.0 64.0 96.0 Number of Temperature Samples FIGURE 5-6: 128.0 Filter Step Response. SENSOR CONFIGURATION REGISTER R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 Thermocouple Type Select Type K, J, T, N, S, E, B, R R-0 — R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 Filter Coefficients bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 Unimplemented: Write ‘0’ bit 6-4 Thermocouple Type: 000 = Type K 001 = Type J 010 = Type T 011 = Type N 100 = Type S 101 = Type E 110 = Type B 111 = Type R bit 3 Unimplemented: bit 2-0 Filter coefficient - n: 000 = n = 0 - Filter Off 001 = n = 1 - Minimum Filter 010 = n = 2 011 = n = 3 100 = n = 4 - Mid Filter 101 = n = 5 110 = n = 6 111 = n = 7 - Maximum Filter 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. x = Bit is unknown DS20005426B-page 29 MCP9600 5.2.3 DEVICE CONFIGURATION REGISTER The Device Configuration register allows user to configure various functions such as sensor measurement resolutions and power modes. The resolution register is used to select the sensor resolution for the desired temperature conversion time. When resolutions are changed, the change takes effect when the next measurement cycle begins. This device integrates two low-power operating modes, Shutdown Mode and Burst Mode, which can be selected using bit 0 and bit 1. When the shutdown mode is executed, all power consuming activities are disabled and the operating current remains at ISHDN. During the Shutdown mode all registers are accessible, however, I2C activity on the bus increases the current. The Burst mode enables users to execute a given number of temperature samples (defined by bits 4-2) before entering Shutdown mode. Each temperature sample is compared to the user set alert temperature limits, and if the alert conditions are true then the device asserts the corresponding alert output. In addition, if the filter option is enabled, then the filter engine is applied to each temperature sample. The alert thresholds are also compared to the filtered temperature data. This feature is useful for battery power applications where temperature is sampled upon request from the master controller. Burst Mode Command Shutdown Mode Shutdown Mode Normal Operation 1←samples→128 Burst Mode Operation. FIGURE 5-7: REGISTER 5-8: R/W-0 DEVICE CONFIGURATION REGISTER R/W-0 Cold-Junction Resolution R/W-0 ADC Resolution R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 Burst Mode Temperature Samples R/W-0 Shutdown Modes bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7 Cold-Junction / Ambient Sensor Resolution (see Table 5-2): 0 = 0.0625°C 1 = 0.25°C bit 6-4 ADC Measurement Resolution (see Table 5-3): 00 = 18-bit Resolution 01 = 16-bit Resolution 10 = 14-bit Resolution 11 =12-bit Resolution bit 3 Number of Temperature Samples: 000 = 1 Sample 001 = 2 Samples 010 = 4 Samples 011 = 8 Samples 100 = 16 Samples 101 = 32 Samples 110 = 64 Samples 111 = 128 Samples bit 2-0 Shutdown Modes: 00 = Normal Operation 01 = Shutdown Mode 10 = Burst Mode 11 = Unimplemented: this setting has no effect DS20005426B-page 30 x = Bit is unknown 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 5.3 Temperature Alert Registers TABLE 5-4: This device provides four temperature alert registers that are individually configured, which allow users to monitor multiple temperature zones with a single device. The following sections describe each alert features in detail. 5.3.1 ALERT LIMIT REGISTERS ALERT LIMIT REGISTERS Register Register Pointer Alert 1 Limit – TALERT1 0001 0000 Alert 2 Limit – TALERT2 0001 0001 Alert 3 Limit – TALERT3 0001 0010 Alert 4 Limit – TALERT4 0001 0011 This device integrates four individually-controlled temperature Alert Limit Registers. Each alert limit is individually set to detect a rising or a falling temperature or either the Thermocouple temperature register TH or the Cold-Junction TC registers. The corresponding Alert Limit Outputs can also be enabled for temperature status indicators. All alert functions are configured using the Alert Limit configuration registers, Register 5-11, and the alert output hysteresis is set using the Alert Hysteresis registers, Register 5-10. REGISTER 5-9: ALERT LIMITS 1, 2, 3 AND 4 REGISTERS R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 SIGN 1024°C 512°C 255°C 128°C 64°C 32°C 16°C bit 15 bit 8 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 8°C 4°C 2°C 1°C 0.5°C 0.25°C — — bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 15 SIGN: 1 = TA 0°C 0 = TA 0°C bit 14-2 Alert 1, 2, 3 and 4: Data in two’s complement format bit 1-0 Unimplemented: TH 0 TC 1 x = Bit is unknown Output Mode Control Comparator 0 0 Interrupt 1 1 Digital Comparator TH/TC Alert Output Alert Limit +/Alert Hysteresis Rise/Fall FIGURE 5-8: Int. Clear Active High/Low Comparator/Interrupt Mode Alert Limits Set to Detect TH and TC. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005426B-page 31 MCP9600 TALERT1 TALERT1 TALERT1 - THYST1 TALERT2 TALERT2 TALERT3 + THYST3 TH TALERT2 - THYST2 TALERT3 TALERT3 TALERT4 Interrupt (Active-Low) Int. Clear Comparator Interrupt Int. Clear Comparator Interrupt FIGURE 5-9: DS20005426B-page 32 (Active-Low) Int. Clear Alert 3 Output (Active-Low) Alert 2 Output TALERT4 + THYST4 Comparator Alert 4 Output (Active-Low) Alert 1 Output TALERT4 Comparator Interrupt Int. Clear Alert Limits Boundary Conditions and Output Characteristics when Set to Detect TH. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 5.3.2 ALERT HYSTERESIS REGISTER TABLE 5-5: This device integrates four individually controlled temperature Alert Hysteresis registers for each alert output, with a range of 0°C to 255°C. The alert hysteresis directions are set using bit 3 of the corresponding Alert Configuration registers (Register 5-10) to detect rising or falling temperatures. For rising temperatures, hysteresis range is below the alert limit where as for falling temperatures, the hysteresis range is above the alert limit as shown on Figure 5-10. REGISTER 5-10: ALERT HYSTERESIS REGISTERS Register Register Pointer Alert 1 Hysteresis – THYST1 0000 1100 Alert 2 Hysteresis – THYST2 0000 1101 Alert 3 Hysteresis – THYST3 0000 1110 Alert 4 Hysteresis – THYST4 0000 1111 ALERT 1, 2, 3 AND 4 HYSTERESIS REGISTER R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 128°C 64°C 32°C 16°C 8°C 4°C 2°C 1°C bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 7-0 Alert Hysteresis: Alert Hysteresis range 0x00 to 0xFF, which represents 1°C to 255°C. is es ter s Hy is es ter s Hy Alert Output ACtive -Low ACtive -Low Alert Output THYST cold Hot Rising Temperature ACtive -High H THYST cold sis ere yst Hot Falling Temperature Alert Output H is es ter s y ACtive -High Alert Output THYST TALERT TALERT cold TALERT Hot Rising Temperature FIGURE 5-10: x = Bit is unknown TALERT THYST cold Hot Falling Temperature Graphical Description of Alert Output Hysteresis Direction. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005426B-page 33 MCP9600 5.3.3 ALERT CONFIGURATION REGISTERS The microcontroller will have acknowledged the interrupt signal from the corresponding alert output by clearing the interrupt using bit 7 of the corresponding configuration register. This device integrates four individually-controlled temperature Alert Outputs. Each output is configured for the corresponding alert output using the Alert Output configuration registers. The Rise/Fall bit (bit 3) and the temperature selection bit (bit 4) can be used to detect and maintain the Thermocouple temperature or the Cold-Junction temperature to the desired temperature window. The configuration registers are used to enable each output, select the alert function mode as Comparator or Interrupt mode, Active-High or Active-Low output, detect rising or falling temperatures, and detect TH or TC temperature registers. TABLE 5-6: The Comparator mode is useful for thermostat-type applications, such as on/off switches for fan controllers, buzzer or LED indicators. The Alert output asserts and deasserts when the temperature exceeds the user-specified limit and the user-specified hysteresis limit. The Interrupt mode is useful for interrupt driven microcontroller-based systems. The Alert Outputs are asserted each time the temperature exceeds the user specified Alert limit and Hysteresis limits. REGISTER 5-11: ALERT CONFIG. REGISTERS Register Register Pointer Alert 1 Configuration 0000 1000 Alert 2 Configuration 0000 1001 Alert 3 Configuration 0000 1010 Alert 4 Configuration 0000 1011 ALERT 1, 2, 3 AND 4 CONFIGURATION REGISTER R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 Interrupt Clear — — Monitor TH/TC Rise/Fall Active Hi/Lo Comp/Int. Alert Enable bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown bit 7 Interrupt Clear: 1 = Clears Interrupt flag (forced ‘0’ by device) 0 = Normal State or Cleared State bit 6-5 Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’ bit 4 Monitor TH or TC: 1 = Alert Monitor for TC Cold-Junction Sensor 0 = Alert Monitor for TH Thermocouple Temperature bit 3 Alert Temperature Direction, Rise/Fall: 1 = Alert Limit for Rising or Heating Temperatures 0 = Alert Limit for Falling or Cooling Temperatures bit 2 Alert State: 1 = Active High 0 = Active Low bit 1 Alert Mode: 1 = Interrupt Mode: Interrupt Clear bit (bit 7) must be set to deassert the alert output 0 = Comparator Mode bit 0 Alert Enable: 1 = Alert Output is Enabled 0 = Alert Output is Disabled DS20005426B-page 34 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 5.3.4 DEVICE ID AND REVISION ID REGISTER The Device ID and Revision ID register is a 16-bit read-only register, which can be used to identify this device among other devices on the I2C bus. The upper 8-bit indicates the device ID of 0x40, while the lower 8-bit indicates the device revision. The device revision byte is divided to the nibbles, where the upper nibble indicates the major revision and the lower nibble indicates minor revisions for each major revision. The initial release is indicated by a major revision of 1 and a minor revision of 0, or 0x4010. REGISTER 5-12: R-0 . DEVICE ID AND REVISION ID REGISTER R-1 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 Device ID bit 15 bit 8 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-1 R-0 Major R-0 R-0 R-0 Minor bit 7 bit 0 Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ -n = Value at POR ‘1’ = Bit is set ‘0’ = Bit is cleared bit 15-8 Device ID: 0x40 (hex) bit 7-0 Revision: 0x10 (hex) Release, Revision 1.0 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. x = Bit is unknown DS20005426B-page 35 MCP9600 NOTES: DS20005426B-page 36 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 6.0 APPLICATION INFORMATION 6.1 Layout Considerations The MCP9600 does not require any additional components to digitize thermocouples. However, it is recommended that a decoupling capacitor of 0.1 µF to 1 µF be used between the VDD and GND pins. A high-frequency ceramic capacitor is recommended. It is necessary for the capacitor to be located as close as possible to the VDD and ground pins of the device in order to provide effective noise protection. In addition, good PCB layout is key for better thermal conduction from the PCB temperature to the sensor die. The PCB provides thermal conduction from the die to the thermocouple cold-junction, therefore the component placement positioning and the copper layout techniques are key for optimum cold-junction compensation. The recommended implementation for optimum temperature sensitivity is to extend copper ground pad around the device pins, as shown in Figure 6-1. Thermal Pad VIN+/VIN- FIGURE 6-2: Placement. 6.2 6.1.1 Recommended PCB COLD-JUNCTION COMPENSATION Copper provides better thermal conductivity than PCB FR4 to the ambient temperature. It also provides better thermal conduction than the 5 mm x 5 mm MQFN plastic package which houses the temperature sensor die. Therefore, when connecting the thermocouple wire to the PCB, it is recommended to place ground copper between the thermocouple connector footprint, where dissimilar conductive material is attached to the PCB and the MCP9600 exposed pad. This allows temperature to stabilize to the local ambient temperature (between the thermocouple connector junction and the PCB copper) and the copper trace conducts the temperature to the package exposed pad where the temperature sensor die is placed. The placement of the sensor exposed pad to the thermocouple connector junction greatly determines the temperature sensor’s sensitivity to the local junction temperature changes. Figure 6-2 demonstrates the recommended techniques. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. Thermal Considerations The potential for self-heating errors exist if the MCP9600 SDA, SCL and Alert outputs are heavily loaded (high current) with pull-up resistors and circuits such as high-current LEDs or buzzer loads. The temperature rise due to self-heat increases the ambient temperature sensor output, resulting in an increased temperature offset error compared to the thermocouple cold-junction ambient temperature. 6.2.1 FIGURE 6-1: Layout. Recommended Component SELF-HEAT DURING OPERATION During normal operation, the typical self-heating error is negligible due to the relatively small current consumption of the MCP9600. However, this device integrates a processor to compute the equations necessary to convert the thermocouple EMF voltage to degrees Celsius. The processor also maintains the I2C bus. During I2C communication, the device operating current increases to IDD = 1.5 mA (typical), I2C Active specification. If the bus is continually polled for data at frequent intervals, then the processor power dissipates heat to the temperature sensor and the effect of self-heat can be detected. Therefore, the recommended implementation is to maintain polling to no more than three times per temperature conversion period of 320 ms, or use the Burst Mode feature to manage self heat (Section 6.2.3 “Using Burst Mode to Manage Self-Heat”). Equation 6-1 can also be used to determine the effect of self-heat. DS20005426B-page 37 MCP9600 EQUATION 6-1: EFFECT OF SELF-HEATING T T 6.2.3 = JA V DD I DD = J C V DD I DD T = T J – TA Where: TJ = Junction Temperature TA = Ambient Temperature JA = Package Thermal Resistance - Junction to Ambient JC = Package Thermal Resistance - Junction to Case At room temperature (TA = +25°C) with maximum IDD = 2.5 mA (maximum) and VDD = 3.3V, the self-heating due to power dissipation T is 0.32°C for the MQFN package. 6.2.2 CONVERSION TIME VS. SELF-HEAT Once the ADC completes digitization, the processor initiates the data computation routine for tCALC which also increases IDD. During the 18-bit ADC conversion time (3 SPS, Samples per Second), the increased current lasts for approximately 5% of the one second period. The effect of self-heat for the total power consumed per second, including the 5% tCALC period, is negligible. However, as the ADC resolution is reduced from 18-bit to 16-bit, the power consuming tCALC period increases to 20% per second. This change in resolution adds approximately 0.04°C (typical) temperature error due to self-heat. Table 6-1 provides an estimate for self-heat for all resolutions using Equation 6-1. In order to reduce the effects of self heat for lower resolution settings, the Burst Mode feature is recommended to manage the effects of self-heat. TABLE 6-1: Resolution ADC RESOLUTION VS. SELF-HEAT SPS (typ.) tCALC Duration per Second The Burst mode feature is useful to manage power dissipation while maintaining the device sensitivity to changes in temperature (Section 5.2.3 “Device Configuration Register”). While the device is in low power, or Shutdown mode, the master controller executes Burst-mode to sample temperature. The number of temperature samples and the measurement resolution settings are selected while executing the command. While in Burst-mode, if the temperature data exceeds the Alert Limits the device asserts the corresponding Alert Output. The alert outputs are used so the master controller does not need to continually poll the latest temperature data, and potentially increase the temperature error. In addition, with some applications monitoring several hundred degrees of temperature changes, 18-bit resolution may not be necessary. In this case, a fewer number of Burst samples with reducing the resolution enables the user to monitor fast transient temperatures at the Burst intervals. 12-bit ADC resolution provides approximately 3°C resolution (for Type K), and a new sample of temperature data is computed at approximately 20 ms intervals. Therefore, the number of Burst mode samples per second can be selected to manage the effects of self-heat using these estimates. The temperature conversion status during Burst mode can also be momentarily polled (using bit 7 of the Section 5.2.1 “Status Register”) to detect whether the on-going sample bursts are completed. The master controller may terminate an on-going burst by executing a Shutdown Command or reset the Burst mode by sending another Burst Command. 6.2.4 ALERT OUTPUTS The Alert outputs are intended to drive high impedance loads. Typically, the outputs are connected to a microcontroller input pin. However, if the outputs are used to drive indicators, such as LEDs or buzzers, then a buffer circuit is recommended in order to minimize the effects of self-heat due to the applied load (see Figure 6-3). T 18 bit 3 5% 0.0096°C 16 bit 15 20% 0.0384°C 14 bit 60 80% 0.1536°C 12 bit 240 100% 0.1920°C Note: USING BURST MODE TO MANAGE SELF-HEAT VDD = 3.3V, and IDD = 1.5 mA (typical). VDD Active High NPN Alert Output FIGURE 6-3: DS20005426B-page 38 Alert Output Buffer. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 6.3 Device Features 6.3.2 I2C ADDRESSING 6.3.1 The MCP9600 supports up to eight devices on the I2C bus. Applications such as large thermal management racks with several thermocouple sensor interfaces are able to monitor various temperature zones with minimal pin-count microcontrollers. This reduces the total solution cost, while providing a highly accurate thermal management solution using the MCP9600. VDD R2B R2A ® PIC microcontroller Alert 4 ADDR VIN+ MCP9600 Unit 2/8 VIN- GND Types K, J, T, N, E, B, S, R The MCP9600 uses a switched-capacitor amplifier input stage to gain the input signal to a maximum resolution of 2 µV/LSb at 18-bit ADC setting. An internal input capacitor is used for charge storage. The differential input impedance ZIN_DF is dominated by the sampling capacitor and the switched-capacitor amplifier sampling frequency. During sampling period, the charging and discharging of the sampling capacitor creates dynamic input currents at the input pins. Adding a 10-100 nF capacitor between the inputs can improve stability. Since the sampling capacitor is only switching to the input pins during a conversion process, the input impedance is only valid during conversion periods. During low-power or Shutdown mode, the input amplifier stage is disabled, therefore the input impedance is ZIN_CM, which is due to the leakage current from ESD protection diodes, as shown in Figure 6-5. Sampling Switch Up to eight MCP9600 on I2C bus I2C VDD INPUT IMPEDANCE RSS VIN+,VIN- SS RS R7A R7B ADDR CSAMPLE (3.2 pF) V VIN+ MCP9600 4 Alert TABLE 6-2: Unit 7/8 GND VINTypes K, J, T, N, E, B, S, R RECOMMENDED RESISTOR VALUES FOR I2C ADDRESSING Values FIGURE 6-5: 6.3.3 Thermocouple Input Stage. OPEN AND SHORT DETECTION CIRCUITS External circuits can be added to detect the thermocouple status as open (physically disconnected) or as short (thermocouple wire in contact with the system ground or VDD). If a passive circuit is added to the input stage, then the circuit loading effect to the MCP9600 ADC inputs must be considered. System calibration is also required to ensure proper accuracy. In addition, external loads can degrade the device performance, such as input offset, gain, and Integral Nonlinearity (INL) errors. If a low impedance active circuit is added, then both offset and gain errors must be calibrated. Device # Command Byte 1 1100 000X ADDR pin tied to GND 2 1100 001X R2A = 10 R2B = 2.2 3 1100 010X R3A = 10 R3B = 4.3 4 1100 011X R4A = 10 R4B = 7.5 5 1100 100X R5A = 10 R5B = 13 6 1100 101X R6A = 10 R6B = 22 6.3.3.1 7 1100 110X R7A = 10 R7B = 43 8 1100 111X ADDR pin tied to VDD For open circuit detection, the Input Range Flag bit, bit 4 of the Status Register (Register 5-6), can be used to detect open-circuit conditions. This would require a few external resistors as shown in Figure 6-6. The passive circuit does not affect the MCP9600 accuracy (The recommended value for RB set to 10 k. When the Thermocouple is connected, the input common-mode voltage is 0.5*VDD. And when the Thermocouple is disconnected, the voltage at VIN+ Note: RXA (k) RXB (k) Standard 5% tolerance resistors are used in the table, however, 1% tolerance resistors provide better ratio matching. FIGURE 6-4: Implementation. I2C Address Selection 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. Open-Circuit Detection Technique DS20005426B-page 39 MCP9600 input is 0.66*VDD and the voltage at the VIN- input is pulled-down to VSS. This change forces the Input Range Flag bit to be set. The master controller can momentarily poll the status bit to detect the open-circuit condition. 2RB RB VDD 6.3.5 ESD PROTECTION USING FERRITE BEADS Ferrite beads are highly recommended to protect the MCP9600 and other circuits from ESD discharge through the thermocouple wire. The beads suppress fast transient signals such as ESD and can be added in-line to the ADC inputs, as shown in Figure 6-9. MCP9600 2RB RB VDD VIN+ + MCP9600 Del Sig Thermocouple + VIN2RB RB = 10 k Thermocouple FIGURE 6-6: Adding Open-Circuit Detection Resistors. 6.3.4 + Thermocouple RA VIN+ RA C VIN- L 2RB ALIASING AND ANTI-ALIASING FILTER Aliasing occurs when the input signal contains time-varying signal with frequency greater than half the sample rate. In the aliasing conditions, the ADC can output unexpected codes. The ADC integrates a first order sinc filter, however, an external anti-aliasing filter can provide an added filter for high noise applications. This can be done with a simple RC low-pass filter at the inputs as shown in Figure 6-7. Open-circuit detection resistors can also be added as shown in Figure 6-8. L FIGURE 6-9: RA VIN+ RA C VIN- Del Sig RB = 10 k RA = 100 C = 0.1 µF L = Ferrite Bead Adding Ferrite Beads. ADC core Del Sig RA = 100 C = 0.1 µF Adding a Low-Pass Filter. FIGURE 6-7: 2RB RB VDD MCP9600 + Thermocouple 2RB RA VIN+ RA C VIN- Del Sig RB = 10 k RA = 100 C = 0.1 µF FIGURE 6-8: Adding Open-Circuit Detection Resistors with an Input Low-Pass Filter. DS20005426B-page 40 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 7.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION 7.1 Package Marking Information 20-Lead MQFN (5x5x1.0 mm) PIN 1 Example PIN 1 Legend: XX...X Y YY WW NNN e3 * Note: MCP9600 E/MX e ^^3 1520256 Customer-specific information Year code (last digit of calendar year) Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year) Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’) Alphanumeric traceability code Pb-free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn) This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3 ) can be found on the outer packaging for this package. In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available characters for customer-specific information. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005426B-page 41 MCP9600 20-Lead More Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (NU) - 5x5x1.0 mm Body [MQFN] - (Also called VQFN) Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging D NOTE 1 A B N 1 2 E (DATUM B) (DATUM A) 2X 0.10 C 2X TOP VIEW 0.10 C 0.10 C C SEATING PLANE A1 A 20X (A3) 0.08 C SIDE VIEW D2 E2 2 K 1 NOTE 1 N 20X b 0.10 0.05 L e C A B C BOTTOM VIEW Microchip Technology Drawing C04-186A Sheet 1 of 2 DS20005426B-page 42 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 20-Lead More Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (NU) - 5x5x1.0 mm Body [MQFN] - (Also called VQFN) Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging Units Dimension Limits Number of Pins N e Pitch A Overall Height Standoff A1 Terminal Thickness A3 Overall Length D Exposed Pad Length D2 Overall Width E Exposed Pad Width E2 b Terminal Width Terminal Length L K Terminal-to-Exposed-Pad MIN 0.90 0.00 3.15 3.15 0.25 0.35 0.20 MILLIMETERS NOM 20 0.65 BSC 0.95 0.02 0.20 REF 5.00 BSC 3.25 5.00 BSC 3.25 0.30 0.40 - MAX 1.00 0.05 3.35 3.35 0.35 0.45 - Notes: 1. Pin 1 visual index feature may vary, but must be located within the hatched area. 2. Package is saw singulated 3. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. REF: Reference Dimension, usually without tolerance, for information purposes only. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-186A Sheet 2 of 2 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005426B-page 43 MCP9600 20-Lead More Thin Plastic Quad Flat, No Lead Package (NU) - 5x5x1.0 mm Body [MQFN] - (Also called VQFN) Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging C1 X2 EV 20 1 Y2 C2 ØV 2 G EV Y1 E X1 SILK SCREEN RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN Units Dimension Limits Contact Pitch E W2 Optional Center Pad Width Optional Center Pad Length T2 Contact Pad Spacing C1 C2 Contact Pad Spacing Contact Pad Width (X20) X1 Contact Pad Length (X20) Y1 Distance Between Pads G Thermal Via Diameter V Thermal Via Pitch EV MIN MILLIMETERS NOM 0.65 BSC MAX 3.35 3.35 4.50 4.50 0.40 0.55 0.20 0.30 1.00 Notes: 1. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. 2. For best soldering results, thermal vias, if used, should be filled or tented to avoid solder loss during reflow process Microchip Technology Drawing C04-286B DS20005426B-page 44 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 APPENDIX A: REVISION HISTORY Revision B (June 2016) The following is the list of modifications: 1. 2. 3. 4. Corrected the pin description error for pins 19 and 20 on page 1. Added the MCP9600 Evaluation Board picture on page 2. Added Section 6.3.3.1 “Open-Circuit Detection Technique” and updated Section 6.3.4 “Aliasing and Anti-Aliasing Filter” and Section 6.3.5 “ESD Protection using Ferrite Beads”. Updated the Product Identification System section. Revision A (August 2015) • Original release of this document. 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005426B-page 45 MCP9600 NOTES: DS20005426B-page 46 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP9600 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. [X](2) X /XX Tape and Reel Option Temperature Range Package PART NO.(1) Device Device: MCP9600: Signal Conditioning IC(1) MCP9600T: Signal Conditioning IC(1) (Tape and Reel) Tape and Reel Option: T Examples: a) MCP9600-E/MX: b) MCP9600T-E/MX: Extended temperature, 20LD MQFN package Tape and Reel, Extended temperature, 20LD MQFN package = Tape and Reel(2) Note 1: Temperature Range: E = -40°C to +125°C Package: MX = More Thin Plastic Quad Flat, MQFN, 20-lead 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. 2: For custom Thermocouple Types or custom features, please contact your local Microchip sales office. Minimum purchase volumes are required. Tape and Reel identifier only appears in the catalog part number description. This identifier is used for ordering purposes and is not printed on the device package. Check with your Microchip Sales Office for package availability with the Tape and Reel option. DS20005426B-page 47 MCP9600 NOTES: DS20005426B-page 48 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights unless otherwise stated. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, FlashFlex, flexPWR, JukeBlox, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, Kleer, LANCheck, MediaLB, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, RightTouch, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. The Embedded Control Solutions Company and mTouch are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, ECAN, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Inter-Chip Connectivity, KleerNet, KleerNet logo, MiWi, motorBench, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, RightTouch logo, REAL ICE, SQI, Serial Quad I/O, Total Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, ViewSpan, WiperLock, Wireless DNA, and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. GestIC is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2015-2016, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. ISBN: 978-1-5224-0655-6 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFIED BY DNV == ISO/TS 16949 == 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. DS20005426B-page 49 Worldwide Sales and Service AMERICAS ASIA/PACIFIC ASIA/PACIFIC EUROPE Corporate Office 2355 West Chandler Blvd. Chandler, AZ 85224-6199 Tel: 480-792-7200 Fax: 480-792-7277 Technical Support: http://www.microchip.com/ support Web Address: www.microchip.com Asia Pacific Office Suites 3707-14, 37th Floor Tower 6, The Gateway Harbour City, Kowloon China - Xiamen Tel: 86-592-2388138 Fax: 86-592-2388130 Austria - Wels Tel: 43-7242-2244-39 Fax: 43-7242-2244-393 China - Zhuhai Tel: 86-756-3210040 Fax: 86-756-3210049 Denmark - Copenhagen Tel: 45-4450-2828 Fax: 45-4485-2829 India - Bangalore Tel: 91-80-3090-4444 Fax: 91-80-3090-4123 France - Paris Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20 Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79 India - New Delhi Tel: 91-11-4160-8631 Fax: 91-11-4160-8632 Germany - Dusseldorf Tel: 49-2129-3766400 Atlanta Duluth, GA Tel: 678-957-9614 Fax: 678-957-1455 Hong Kong Tel: 852-2943-5100 Fax: 852-2401-3431 Australia - Sydney Tel: 61-2-9868-6733 Fax: 61-2-9868-6755 China - Beijing Tel: 86-10-8569-7000 Fax: 86-10-8528-2104 Austin, TX Tel: 512-257-3370 China - Chengdu Tel: 86-28-8665-5511 Fax: 86-28-8665-7889 Boston Westborough, MA Tel: 774-760-0087 Fax: 774-760-0088 China - Chongqing Tel: 86-23-8980-9588 Fax: 86-23-8980-9500 Chicago Itasca, IL Tel: 630-285-0071 Fax: 630-285-0075 Cleveland Independence, OH Tel: 216-447-0464 Fax: 216-447-0643 Dallas Addison, TX Tel: 972-818-7423 Fax: 972-818-2924 Detroit Novi, MI Tel: 248-848-4000 Houston, TX Tel: 281-894-5983 Indianapolis Noblesville, IN Tel: 317-773-8323 Fax: 317-773-5453 Los Angeles Mission Viejo, CA Tel: 949-462-9523 Fax: 949-462-9608 New York, NY Tel: 631-435-6000 San Jose, CA Tel: 408-735-9110 Canada - Toronto Tel: 905-673-0699 Fax: 905-673-6509 China - Dongguan Tel: 86-769-8702-9880 China - Hangzhou Tel: 86-571-8792-8115 Fax: 86-571-8792-8116 Germany - Karlsruhe Tel: 49-721-625370 India - Pune Tel: 91-20-3019-1500 Germany - Munich Tel: 49-89-627-144-0 Fax: 49-89-627-144-44 Japan - Osaka Tel: 81-6-6152-7160 Fax: 81-6-6152-9310 Italy - Milan Tel: 39-0331-742611 Fax: 39-0331-466781 Japan - Tokyo Tel: 81-3-6880- 3770 Fax: 81-3-6880-3771 Italy - Venice Tel: 39-049-7625286 Korea - Daegu Tel: 82-53-744-4301 Fax: 82-53-744-4302 Netherlands - Drunen Tel: 31-416-690399 Fax: 31-416-690340 China - Hong Kong SAR Tel: 852-2943-5100 Fax: 852-2401-3431 Korea - Seoul Tel: 82-2-554-7200 Fax: 82-2-558-5932 or 82-2-558-5934 China - Nanjing Tel: 86-25-8473-2460 Fax: 86-25-8473-2470 Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur Tel: 60-3-6201-9857 Fax: 60-3-6201-9859 China - Qingdao Tel: 86-532-8502-7355 Fax: 86-532-8502-7205 Malaysia - Penang Tel: 60-4-227-8870 Fax: 60-4-227-4068 China - Shanghai Tel: 86-21-5407-5533 Fax: 86-21-5407-5066 Philippines - Manila Tel: 63-2-634-9065 Fax: 63-2-634-9069 China - Shenyang Tel: 86-24-2334-2829 Fax: 86-24-2334-2393 Singapore Tel: 65-6334-8870 Fax: 65-6334-8850 China - Shenzhen Tel: 86-755-8864-2200 Fax: 86-755-8203-1760 Taiwan - Hsin Chu Tel: 886-3-5778-366 Fax: 886-3-5770-955 China - Wuhan Tel: 86-27-5980-5300 Fax: 86-27-5980-5118 Taiwan - Kaohsiung Tel: 886-7-213-7828 China - Xian Tel: 86-29-8833-7252 Fax: 86-29-8833-7256 Poland - Warsaw Tel: 48-22-3325737 Spain - Madrid Tel: 34-91-708-08-90 Fax: 34-91-708-08-91 Sweden - Stockholm Tel: 46-8-5090-4654 UK - Wokingham Tel: 44-118-921-5800 Fax: 44-118-921-5820 Taiwan - Taipei Tel: 886-2-2508-8600 Fax: 886-2-2508-0102 Thailand - Bangkok Tel: 66-2-694-1351 Fax: 66-2-694-1350 07/14/15 DS20005426B-page 50 2015-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.