MIC2027/2077 Quad USB Power Distribution Switch General Description Features The MIC2027 and MIC2077 are quad high-side MOSFET switches optimized for general-purpose power distribution requiring circuit protection. The MIC2027/77 are internally current limited and have thermal shutdown that protects the device and load. The MIC2077 offers “smart” thermal shutdown that reduces current consumption in fault modes. When a thermal shutdown fault occurs, the output is latched off until the faulty load is removed. Removing the load or toggling the enable input will reset the device output. Both devices employ soft-start circuitry that minimizes inrush current in applications where highly capacitive loads are employed. A fault status output flag is asserted during overcurrent and thermal shutdown conditions. Transient current limit faults are internally filtered. The MIC2027/77 are available in 16-pin narrow (150 mil) and wide (300 mil) SOIC packages. Data sheets and support documentation can be found on Micrel’s web site at www.micrel.com. • • • • • • • • • • • • • 150mΩ maximum on-resistance per channel 2.7V to 5.5V operating range 500mA minimum continuous current per channel Short-circuit protection with thermal shutdown Thermally isolated channels Fault status flag with 3ms filter eliminates false assertions Undervoltage lockout Reverse current flow blocking (no “body diode”) Circuit breaker mode (MIC2077) reduces power consumption Logic-compatible inputs Soft-start circuit Low quiescent current Pin compatible with MIC2524 and MIC2527 Applications • • • • • • USB peripherals General purpose power switching ACPI power distribution Notebook PCs PDAs PC card hot swap Typical Application ® UL Recognized Component 4-Port Self-Powered Hub Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com September 2006 1 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 Ordering Information(1) Part Number Standard Pb-Free MIC2027-1BWM MIC2027-1YWM MIC2027-1BM MIC2027-1YM MIC2027-2BWM MIC2027-2YWM Enable Temperature Range Package Active High –40°C to +85°C 16-Pin Wide SOIC Active High –40°C to +85°C 16-Pin SOIC Active Low –40°C to +85°C 16-Pin Wide SOIC MIC2027-2BM MIC2027-2YM Active Low –40°C to +85°C 16-Pin SOIC MIC2077-1BWM MIC2077-1YWM Active High –40°C to +85°C 16-Pin Wide SOIC MIC2077-1BM MIC2077-1YM Active High –40°C to +85°C 16-Pin SOIC MIC2077-2BWM MIC2077-2YWM Active Low –40°C to +85°C 16-Pin Wide SOIC MIC2077-2BM MIC2077-2YM Active Low –40°C to +85°C 16-Pin SOIC Pin Configuration 16-Pin SOIC (M) 16-Pin Wide SOIC (WM) September 2006 Functional Pinout 2 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name Pin Function 1 FLG Fault Flag A (Output): Active-low, open-drain output. Low indicates overcurrent or thermal shutdown conditions. Overcurrent conditions must last longer than tD to assert flag. 2 ENA Switch A Enable (Input): Logic-compatible enable input. Active high (-1) or active low (-2). 3 OUTA Switch A Output 4, 12 GND 5 IN(C/D) Input: Channel C and D switch and logic supply input. Ground 6 OUTC Switch C Output 7 ENC Switch C Enable (Input) 8 FLGC Fault Flag C (Output) 9 FLGD Fault Flag D (Output) 10 END Switch D Enable (Input) 11 OUTD Switch D Output 13 IN(A/B) Supply Input: Channel A and B switch and logic supply input. 14 OUTB Switch B Output 15 ENB Switch B Enable (Input) 16 FLGB Fault Flag B (Output) September 2006 3 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 Absolute Maximum Ratings(1) Operating Ratings(2) Supply Voltage (VIN) ............................................ –0.3V +6V Fault Flag Voltage (VFLG)................................................+6V Fault Flag Current (IFLG) ..............................................25mA Output Voltage (VOUT) ....................................................+6V Output Current (IOUT) .................................Internally Limited Enable Input (IEN) .......................................... –0.3V VIN +3V Lead Temperature (soldering, 5sec.)......................... 260°C Storage Temperature (TS).........................–65°C to +150°C EDS Rating(3) .................................................................. 1kV Supply voltage (VIN) ..................................... +2.7V to +5.5V Ambient Temperature (TA) .......................... –40°C to +85°C Junction Thermal Range(TJ) ..................... Internally Limited Thermal Resistance [300 mil] Wide SOIC (θJA)................................120°C/W [150 mil] SOIC (θJA).........................................112°C/W DIP (θJA) ..........................................................130°C/W Electrical Characteristics VIN = +5V; TA = 25°C, bold values indicate –40°C< TA < +85°C, unless noted. Symbol Parameter Condition Typ Max Units IDD Supply Current MIC20x7-1, VENA–D ≤ 0.8V (switch off), OUT = open 1.5 10 µA MIC20x7-2, VENA–D ≥ 2.4V (switch off), OUT = open 1.5 10 µA MIC20x7-1, VENA–D ≥ 2.4V (switch on), OUT = open 200 320 µA MIC20x7-2, VENA–D ≤ 0.8V (switch on), OUT = open 200 320 µA low-to-high transition 1.7 2.4 V VEN Enable Input Threshold Min high-to-low transition 0.8 Enable Input Hysteresis IEN Enable Input Current –1 VEN = 0V to 5.5V Enable Input Capacitance RDS(on) tON Switch Resistance 1.45 V 250 mV 0.01 1 1 µA pF VIN = 5V, IOUT = 500mA 100 150 mΩ VIN = 3.3V, IOUT = 500mA 110 180 mΩ 10 µA Output Leakage Current MIC20x7-1, VENx ≤ 0.8V; MIC20x7-2, VENx ≥ 2.4V, (output off) Output Current in Latched Thermal Shutdown MIC2077 (per Latch Output) (during thermal shutdown state) 50 Output Turn-On Delay RL = 10Ω, CL = 1µF, see “Timing Diagrams” 1.3 µA 5 ms tR Output Turn-On Rise Time RL = 10Ω, CL = 1µF, see “Timing Diagrams” 1.15 4.9 ms tOFF Output Turnoff Delay RL = 10Ω, CL = 1µF, see “Timing Diagrams” 35 100 µs tF Output Turnoff Fall Time RL = 10Ω, CL = 1µF, see “Timing Diagrams” 32 100 µs ILIMIT Short-Circuit Output Current VOUT = 0V, enabled into short-circuit 0.9 1.25 A Current-Limit Threshold ramped load applied to output 1.0 1.25 Short-Circuit Response Time VOUT = 0V to IOUT = ILIMIT (short applied to output) 20 tD Overcurrent Flag Response Delay September 2006 VIN = 5V, apply VOUT = 0V until FLG low VIN = 3.3V, apply VOUT = 0V until FLG low 4 0.5 1.5 3 3 A µs 7 ms ms M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. Symbol MIC2027/2077 Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Units Undervoltage Lockout Threshold VIN rising 2.2 2.4 2.7 V VIN falling 2.0 2.15 2.5 V Error Flag Output Resistance IL = 10mA, VIN = 5V 10 25 Ω IL = 10mA, VIN = 3.3V 15 40 Ω 10 µA Error Flag Off Current VFLAG = 5V Overtemperature Threshold Note 4 TJ increasing, each switch TJ decreasing, each switch 140 120 °C °C TJ increasing, both switches TJ decreasing, both switches 160 150 °C °C Notes: 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF. 4. If there is an output current limit fault on one channel, that channel will shut down when the die reaches approximately 140°C. If the diereaches approximately 160°C, the other channel driven by the same input will shut down, even if neither channel is in current limit. September 2006 5 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 Test Circuit Timing Diagrams Output Rise and Fall Times Active-Low Switch Delay Times (MIC20x7-2) Active-High Switch Delay Times (MIC20x7-1) September 2006 6 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 Typical Characteristics September 2006 7 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 Typical Characteristics (cont.) September 2006 8 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 Functional Characteristics September 2006 9 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 Functional Characteristics (cont.) September 2006 10 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 Functional Characteristics (cont.) September 2006 11 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 Block Diagram September 2006 12 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 where: Functional Description TJ = junction temperature TA = ambient temperature θJA = is the thermal resistance of the package Input and Output IN is the power supply connection to the logic circuitry and the drain of the output MOSFET. OUT is the source of the output MOSFET. In a typical circuit, current flows from IN to OUT toward the load. If VOUT is greater than VIN, current will flow from OUT to IN, since the switch is bidirectional when enabled. The output MOSFET and driver circuitry are also designed to allow the MOSFET source to be externally forced to a higher voltage than the drain (VOUT > VIN) when the switch is disabled. In this situation, the MIC2027/77 prevents undesirable current flow from OUT to IN. Current Sensing and Limiting The current-limit threshold is preset internally. The preset level prevents damage to the device and external load but still allows a minimum current of 500mA to be delivered to the load. The current-limit circuit senses a portion of the output MOSFET switch current. The current-sense resistor shown in the block diagram is virtual and has no voltage drop. The reaction to an overcurrent condition varies with three scenarios: Thermal Shutdown Thermal shutdown is employed to protect the device from damage should the die temperature exceed safe margins due mainly to short circuit faults. Each channel employs its own thermal sensor. Thermal shutdown shuts off the output MOSFET and asserts the FLG output if the die temperature reaches 140°C and the overheated channel is in current limit. The other channels are not affected. If however, the die temperature exceeds 160°C, all channels will be shut off. Upon determining a thermal shutdown condition, the MIC2077 will latch the output off and activate a pull-up current source. When the load is removed, this current source will pull the output up and reset the latch. Toggling EN will also reset the latch. The MIC2027 will automatically reset its output when the die temperature cools down to 120°C. The MIC2027 output and FLG signal will continue to cycle on and off until the device is disabled or the fault is removed. Figure 2 depicts typical timing. Depending on PCB layout, package, ambient temperature, etc., it may take several hundred milliseconds from the incidence of the fault to the output MOSFET being shut off. This time will be shortest in the case of a dead short on the output. Switch Enabled into Short-Circuit If a switch is enabled into a heavy load or short-circuit, the switch immediately enters into a constant-current mode, limiting the output voltage. The FLG signal is asserted indicating an overcurrent condition. Short-Circuit Applied to Enabled Output When a heavy load or short-circuit is applied to an enabled switch, a large transient current may flow until the current-limit circuitry responds. Once this occurs the device limits current to less than the short-circuit current limit specification. Current-Limit Response—Ramped Load The MIC2027/77 current-limit profile exhibits a small fold-back effect of about 100mA. Once this current-limit threshold is exceeded the device switches into a constant current mode. It is important to note that the device will supply current up to the current-limit threshold. Fault Flag The FLG signal is an N-channel open-drain MOSFET output. FLG is asserted (active-low) when either an overcurrent or thermal shutdown condition occurs. In the case of an overcurrent condition, FLG will be asserted only after the flag response delay time, tD, has elapsed. This ensures that FLG is asserted only upon valid overcurrent conditions and that erroneous error reporting is eliminated. For example, false overcurrent conditions can occur during hot-plug events when a highly capacitive load is connected and causes a high transient inrush current that exceeds the current-limit thresh-old. The FLG response delay time tD is typically 3ms. Power Dissipation The device’s junction temperature depends on several factors such as the load, PCB layout, ambient temperature and package type. Equations that can be used to calculate power dissipation of each channel and junction temperature are found below. PD = RDS(on) × IOUT2 Total power dissipation of the device will be the summation of PD for all channels. To relate this to junction temperature, the following equation can be used: TJ = PD × θJA + TA September 2006 Undervoltage Lockout Undervoltage lockout (UVLO) prevents the output MOSFET from turning on until VIN exceeds approximately 2.5V. Undervoltage detection functions only when the switch is enabled. 13 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 Figure 1. MIC2077-2 Fault Timing: Output Reset by Removing Load Short-Circuit Fault VEN Load/Fault Removed VOUT ILIMIT ILOAD IOUT VFLG Thermal Shutdown Reached 3ms typ. delay Figure 2. MIC2207-2 Fault Timing September 2006 14 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 being asserted, an external RC filter, as shown in Figure 3, can be used to filter out transient FLG assertion. The value of the RC time constant should be selected to match the length of the transient, less tD(min) of the MIC2027/77. Application Information Supply Filtering A 0.1µF to 1µF bypass capacitor positioned close to VIN and GND of the device is strongly recommended to control supply transients. Without a bypass capacitor, an output short may cause sufficient ringing on the input (from supply lead inductance) to damage internal control circuitry. Universal Serial Bus (USB) Power Distribution The MIC2027/77 is ideally suited for USB (Universal Serial Bus) power distribution applications. The USB specification defines power distribution for USB host systems such as PCs and USB hubs. Hubs can either be self-powered or bus-powered (that is, powered from the bus). The requirement for USB self-powered hubs is that the port must supply a minimum of 500mA at an output voltage of 5V ±5%. In addition, the output power delivered must be limited to below 25VA. Upon an overcurrent condition, the host must also be notified. To support hot-plug events, the hub must have a minimum of 120µF of bulk capacitance, preferably low ESR electrolytic or tantulum. Please refer to Application Note 17 for more details on designing compliant USB hub and host systems. Printed Circuit Board Hot-Plug The MIC2027/77 are ideal inrush current-limiters for hotplug applications. Due to the integrated charge pump, the MIC2027/77 present a high impedance when off and slowly becomes a low impedance as it turns on. This “soft-start” feature effectively isolates power supplies from highly capacitive loads by reducing inrush current. In cases of extremely large capacitive loads (>400µF), the length of the transient due to inrush current may exceed the delay provided by the integrated filter. Since this inrush current exceeds the current-limit flag delay specification, FLG will be asserted during this time. To prevent the logic controller from responding to FLG Figure 3. Transient Filter September 2006 15 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 Package Information 16-Pin SOIC (M) September 2006 16 M9999-091506 Micrel, Inc. MIC2027/2077 16-Pin Wide SOIC (WM) MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http:/www.micrel.com The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. © 2001 Micrel, Incorporated. September 2006 17 M9999-091506