RoHS Compliant ATA Flash Drive 255 Specifications October 6th, 2011 Version 1.2 Apacer Technology Inc. 4th Fl., 75 Hsin Tai Wu Rd., Sec.1, Hsichih, New Taipei City, Taiwan 221 Tel: +886-2-2698-2888 Fax: +886-2-2698-2889 www.apacer.com ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx Features: z Standard ATA/IDE bus interface – ATA command set compatible – ATA operating mode supports up to: PIO Mode-4 Multiword DMA Mode-2 Ultra DMA Mode-6 z Connector type – 44-pin male z Power consumption (typical)* – Supply voltage: 5V±5% – Active mode: 687 mA – Idle mode: 52 mA z Estimated Performance* – Sustained read: Up to 120 MB/sec – Sustained write: Up to 105 MB/sec z Capacity – 32, 64, 128, 256 GB z NAND Flash Type: SLC z Temperature ranges – Operation: Standard: 0°C to 70°C Extended Temperature: -40°C to 85°C – Storage: -40°C to 100°C z Flash management – Intelligent endurance design Advanced wear-leveling algorithms S.M.A.R.T. Built-in Hardware ECC Enhanced Data Integrity – Intelligent power failure recovery – Enhanced security level ATA Secure Erase z Cache on board z RoHS compliant *Varies from capacities. The values presented in Performance and Power Consumption are typical and may vary depending on various settings and platforms. 1 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx Table of Contents 1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................... 3 1.1 PERFORMANCE-OPTIMIZED CONTROLLER ............................................................................................... 3 1.1.1 SRAM Buffer ................................................................................................................................. 3 2. FUNCTIONAL BLOCK ............................................................................................... 4 3. PIN ASSIGNMENTS ................................................................................................... 5 4. CAPACITY SPECIFICATION ..................................................................................... 6 4.1 PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................ 6 4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS .......................................................................................................... 6 5. FLASH MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................. 7 5.1 INTELLIGENT ENDURANCE DESIGN .......................................................................................................... 7 5.1.1 Advanced wear-leveling algorithms .............................................................................................. 7 5.1.2 S.M.A.R.T. .................................................................................................................................... 7 5.1.3 Built-in Hardware ECC.................................................................................................................. 7 5.1.4 Enhanced Data Integrity ............................................................................................................... 7 5.2 INTELLIGENT POWER FAILURE RECOVERY ............................................................................................... 8 5.3 ENHANCED SECURITY LEVEL .................................................................................................................. 8 5.3.1 ATA Secure Erase ........................................................................................................................ 8 6. SOFTWARE INTERFACE ......................................................................................... 9 6.1 COMMAND SET ...................................................................................................................................... 9 7. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION .............................................................................. 10 8. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................................ 11 9. PRODUCT ORDERING INFORMATION ................................................................. 12 9.1 PRODUCT CODE DESIGNATIONS ........................................................................................................... 12 9.2 VALID COMBINATIONS .......................................................................................................................... 13 9.2.1 Standard Temperature................................................................................................................ 13 9.2.2 Extended Temperature ............................................................................................................... 13 2 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx 1. General Description Apacer’s ATA-Flash Drive (AFD) is a high-performance, solid state drive (SSD) designed to replace a conventional IDE hard disk drive. AFD supports standard ATA/IDE protocol and can be plugged into a standard IDE connector commonly found in desktop or portable PCs. It is more rugged, reliable and power-efficient compared to the mechanical hard drive and is designed for use in rugged laptops, military devices, thin clients, Point of Sale (POS) terminals, telecom, medical instruments, surveillance systems and industrials PCs. AFD also offers users selectable Master/Slave operation through an external jumper setting. Apacer AFD Series is the best drop-in replacement for high-maintenance HDD where reliability is a major concern. AFD includes a built-in microcontroller and file management firmware that communicates through with the ATA standard interfaces. This means the AFD does not require any additional or proprietary host software such as the Flash File System (FFS) and Memory Technology Driver (MTD) software. AFD is designed to work at 5 Volts, support the standard ATA/IDE protocol up to PIO Mode-4, Multiword DMA Mode-2, and Ultra DMA Mode-6 interfaces, and use a standard ATA driver that fits to all major operating systems such as Microsoft’s Windows series, Apple’s Mac OS family, and UNIX variants Featuring technologies as Advanced Wear-leveling algorithms, S.M.A.R.T, Enhanced Data Integrity, Intelligent Power Failure Recovery, and ATA Secure Erase, with cache made of SDRAM up to 32 MB on board, Apacer assures users of a versatile device on data storage. 1.1 Performance-Optimized Controller The heart of an ATA-Flash Drive is the ATA controller, which translates standard ATA signals into the data and controls of the flash media. This proprietary ATA controller is specifically designed to attain high data throughput from the host to the flash. 1.1.1 SRAM Buffer The SRAM buffer is a key contributor to the ATA controller performance. It optimizes data writes to the flash. 3 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx 2. Functional Block The ATA-Flash Drive (AFD) includes the ATA controller and flash media, as well as the ATA standard interface. Figure 2-1 shows the functional block diagram. Figure 2-1: ATA-Flash Drive functional block diagram 4 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx 3. Pin Assignments Table 3-1 lists the pin assignments with respective signal names for the 44-pin configuration. A “#” suffix indicates the active low signal. The pin type can be input, output or input/output. Figure 3-1: ATA-Flash Drive 44-pin Connector Pin 43 Pin 1 Table 3-1: Pin assignments for the 44-pin configuration Pin No. Signal Name Pin Type Pin No. Signal Name Pin Type 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 RESET# D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 GND DMARQ IOWR# IORD# HDMARDY# HSTROBE# IORDY DDMARDY# DSTROBE DMACK# INTRQ A1 A0 CS1FX# DASP# VDD GND I I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O O I 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 GND D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 NC GND GND I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O - I 26 GND - O 28 CSEL I I O I I I I/O - 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 GND IOCS16# PDIAG# A2 CS3FX# GND VDD NC O I/O I I - 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 - 5 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx 4. Capacity Specification Capacity specification of the ATA-Flash Drive (AFD) product family is available as shown in Table 4-1. It lists the specific capacity and the default numbers of heads, sectors and cylinders for each product line. Table 4-1: AFD capacity specifications Capacity Total bytes* Cylinders** Heads Sectors Max LBA 32 GB 30,064,771,072 16383 16 63 58,720,256 64 GB 60,129,542,144 16383 16 63 117,440,512 128 GB 120,259,084,288 16383 16 63 234,881,024 256 GB 240,518,168,576 16383 16 63 469,762,048 *Display of total bytes varies from file systems. **Cylinders, heads or sectors are not applicable for these capacities. Only LBA addressing applies. 4.1 Performance Specifications Performance of the ATA-Flash Drive is listed in Table 4-2. Table 4-2: Performance specifications Capacity 32 GB 64 GB 128 GB 256 GB Sustained read (MB/s) 120 120 115 115 Sustained write (MB/s) 105 105 95 95 Performance Note: Performance varies from flash configurations. 4.2 Environmental Specifications Environmental specification of the ATA-Flash Drive, which follows the standards of MIL-STD-810F, MILSTD-810G, & MIL-STD-202G, is available as shown in Table 4-3. Table 4-3: ATA-Flash Drive environmental specifications Item Criteria Non-Operating Temperature 40~100(℃) Operating Temperature STD*: 0~70(℃) ET**: -40~85(℃) Sine Vibration(Non-Op) 10~2000(Hz)/15(G) Random Vibration(Op) 20~2000(Hz)/7.7(Grms) Shock Op ： 50(G)/11(ms) Non-Op：1500(G)/0.5(ms) Humidity 5~95% R.H *Standard **Extended Temperature 6 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx 5. Flash Management 5.1 Intelligent Endurance Design 5.1.1 Advanced wear-leveling algorithms The NAND flash devices are limited by a certain number of write cycles. When using a file system, frequent file table updates is mandatory. If some area on the flash wears out faster than others, it would significantly reduce the lifetime of the whole device, even if the erase counts of others are far from the write cycle limit. Thus, if the write cycles can be distributed evenly across the media, the lifetime of the media can be prolonged significantly. The scheme is achieved both via buffer management and Apacerspecific advanced wear leveling to ensure that the lifetime of the flash media can be increased, and the disk access performance is optimized as well. 5.1.2 S.M.A.R.T. S.M.A.R.T. is an acronym for Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology, an open standard allowing disk drives to automatically monitor their own health and report potential problems. It protects the user from unscheduled downtime by monitoring and storing critical drive performance and calibration parameters. Ideally, this should allow taking proactive actions to prevent impending drive failure. Apacer SMART feature adopts the standard SMART command B0h to read data from the drive. When the Apacer SMART Utility running on the host, it analyzes and reports the disk status to the host before the device is in critical condition. 5.1.3 Built-in Hardware ECC The ATA-Flash Drive uses BCH Error Detection Code (EDC) and Error Correction Code (ECC) algorithms which correct up to configurable 18, 16, 15, 14, 8, 7, 6 bits of random errors for each 512-byte block of data. High performance is fulfilled through hardware-based error detection and correction. 5.1.4 Enhanced Data Integrity The properties of NAND flash memory make it ideal for applications that require high integrity while operating in challenging environments. The integrity of data to NAND flash memory is generally maintained through ECC algorithms and bad block management. Flash controllers can support up to 8 bits ECC capability for accuracy of data transactions, and bad block management is a preventive mechanism from loss of data by retiring unusable media blocks and relocating the data to the other blocks, along with the integration of advanced wear leveling algorithms, so that the lifespan of device can be expanded. 7 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx 5.2 Intelligent Power Failure Recovery The Low Power Detection on the controller initiates cached data saving before the power supply to the device is too low. This feature prevents the device from crash and ensures data integrity during an unexpected blackout. Once power was failure before cached data writing back into flash, data in the cache will lost. The next time the power is on, the controller will check these fragmented data segment, and, if necessary, replace them with old data kept in flash until programmed successfully. 5.3 Enhanced Security Level 5.3.1 ATA Secure Erase Accomplished by the Secure Erase (SE) command, which added to the open ANSI standards that control disk drives, “ATA Secure Erase” is built into the disk drive itself and thus far less susceptible to malicious software attacks than external software utilities. It is a positive easy-to-use data destroy command, amounting to electronic data shredding. Executing the command causes a drive to internally completely erase all possible user data. This command is carried out within disk drives, so no additional software is required. Once executed, neither data nor the erase counter on the device would be recoverable, which blurs the accuracy of device lifespan. The process to erase will not be stopped until finished while encountering power failure, and will be continued when power is back on. 8 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx 6. Software Interface 6.1 Command Set This section defines the software requirements and the format of the commands the host sends to the ATA-Flash Drive (AFD). Commands are issued to the AFD by loading the required registers in the command block with the supplied parameters, and then writing the command code to the command register. The manner in which a command is accepted varies. Table 6-1: Command set Code Command Code Command E5h Check Power Mode F6h Security Disable Password 92h Download Microcode F3h Security Erase Prepare 90h Execute Device Diagnostic F4h Security Erase Unit E7h Flush Cache F5h Security Freeze Lock EAh Flush Cache EXT F1h Security Set Password ECh Identify Device F2h Security Unlock A1h Identify Packet Device 70h Seek E3h Idle EFh Set Features E1h Idle Immediate F9h Set Max 91h Initialize Device Parameters 91h Set Max Address EXT 00h NOP C6h Set Multiple Mode E4h Read Buffer E6h Sleep C8h Read DMA B0h SMART 25h Read DMA EXT E2h Standby C4h Read Multiple E0h Standby Immediate 29h Read Multiple EXT E8h Write Buffer F8h Read Native Max Address CAh Write DMA 27h Read Native Max Address EXT 35h Write DMA EXT 20h Read Sector C5h Write Multiple 24h Read Sector EXT 39h Write Multiple EXT 40h Read Verify Sectors 30h Write Sector 42h Read Verify Sectors EXT 34h Write Sector EXT 10h Recalibrate 9 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx 7. Electrical Specification Caution: Absolute Maximum Stress Ratings – Applied conditions greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Stress Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these conditions or conditions greater than those defined in the operational sections of this data sheet is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum stress rating conditions may affect device reliability. Table 7-1: ATA-Flash Drive operating voltage Range Ambient Temperature Standard Extended Temperature 0°C to +70°C -40°C to +85°C 5V±5% 4.75-5.25V Table 7-2: Absolute maximum power pin stress ratings Parameter Input Power Voltage on any pin except VDD with respect to GND Symbol VDD V Conditions -0.3V min. to 6.5V max. -0.5V min. to VDD + 0.5V max. 10 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx 8. Physical Characteristics Unit: ㎜ Tolerance: ± 0.2 11 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx 9. Product Ordering Information 9.1 Product Code Designations A P – FD25 B 2 0 A xxxxx S – x xx Flash Type FW Version Blank: Standard Environmental Specification S: Halogen-free Capacity: 0032G: 32GB 0064G: 64GB 0128G: 128GB 0256G: 256GB Product Type 2.5” with 44pin male Connector PCB Version 0 = Ver. 0 1 = Ver. 1 Outline 180D Degree Controller version 2.5 inch ATA Flash Drive Apacer Product Code 12 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx 9.2 Valid Combinations 9.2.1 Standard Temperature Capacity Model Number 32GB AP-FD25B20A0032GS-T 64GB AP-FD25B20A0064GS-T 128GB AP-FD25B20A0128GS-1C 256GB AP-FD25B20A0256GS-1C 9.2.2 Extended Temperature Capacity Model Number 32 GB AP-FD25B20A0032GS-ET 64 GB AP-FD25B20A0064GS-ET 128GB AP-FD25B20A0128GS-E1C 256GB AP-FD25B20A0256GS-E1C 13 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx Revision History Revision Date Description Remark 0.1 10/29/2010 Preliminary 0.2 12/03/2010 Updated drawings & product ordering information 0.3 12/07/2010 Updated drawings & environmental specifications 0.4 12/31/2010 Adjusted product capacity & flash mgmt. details 0.5 01/07/2011 Context refined 1.0 02/21/2011 Official release 1.1 03/03/2011 Updated environmental specification 1.2 10/06/2011 -- Added 128GB and 256GB capacities -- Updates for hardware 14 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 ATA Flash Drive 255 AP-FD25B20AxxxxxS-xxx Global Presence Taiwan (Headquarters) Apacer Technology Inc. 4th Fl., 75 Hsin Tai Wu Rd., Sec.1 Hsichih, New Taipei City Taiwan 221 R.O.C. Tel: +886-2-2698-2888 Fax: +886-2-2698-2889 [email protected] U.S.A. Apacer Memory America, Inc. 386 Fairview Way, Suite102, Milpitas, CA 95035 Tel: 1-408-518-8699 Fax: 1-408-935-9611 [email protected] Japan Apacer Technology Corp. 5F, Matsura Bldg., Shiba, Minato-Ku Tokyo, 105-0014, Japan Tel: 81-3-5419-2668 Fax: 81-3-5419-0018 [email protected] Europe Apacer Technology B.V. Aziëlaan 22, 5232 BA 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands Tel: 31-73-645-9620 Fax: 31-73-645-9629 [email protected] China Apacer Electronic (Shanghai) Co., Ltd 1301, No.251,Xiaomuqiao Road, Shanghai, 200032, China Tel: 86-21-5529-0222 Fax: 86-21-5206-6939 [email protected] India Apacer Technologies Pvt Ltd, #1064, 1st Floor, 7th ‘A’ Main, 3rd Block Koramangala, Bangalore – 560 034 Tel: +91 80 4152 9061/62/63 Fax: +91 80 4170 0215 [email protected] 15 © 2011 Apacer Technology Inc. Rev. 1.2 Mouser Electronics Authorized Distributor Click to View Pricing, Inventory, Delivery & Lifecycle Information: Apacer: AP-FD25B20A0128GS-1C AP-FD25B20A0256GS-1C