A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3101 GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER Description Pin Assignments The AP3101 is a green PWM controller operating in current mode. It is specifically designed for off-line AC-DC adapter and battery charger applications where the needs for low standby power and better protection function are increasing. (Top View) The AP3101 features adjustable oscillator frequency in normal operation, which is done by an external resistor. It automatically switches to skip cycle mode when output power drops below a given level. The IC also features low start-up and operation current for its BiCMOS process. GND 1 8 GATE FB 2 7 VCC VIN 3 6 SENSE RI 4 5 ADJ The AP3101 provides comprehensive protection features including leading edge blanking, synchronized slope compensation, overcurrent, over-temperature and short circuit protection. SO-8 The AP3101 is available in SO-8 package. Applications Features Green Current Mode PWM Controller Adjustable Skip Level Leading Edge Blanking (LEB) Cycle by Cycle Current Limit Built-in Short Circuit Protection Built-in Synchronized Slope Compensation Low Start-up/Operating Current: 30μA/3mA Adjustable Oscillator Frequency Totem Pole Output Including Soft Driving Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) Accurate Over-Temperature Protection with Hysteresis Lead-Free Package: SO-8 Totally Lead-Free; RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2) Lead-Free Package, Available in “Green” Molding Compound: SO-8 Totally Lead-Free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2) Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3) Notes: Off-line AC-DC Adapter Battery Charger Applications 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant. 2. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free. 3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds. AP3101 Document number: DS37418 Rev. 2 - 2 1 of 12 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3101 Typical Applications Circuit R9 10 NTC BD1 J1 C5 1000pF C2 2nF C1 R2 100F 100k R1 1.2M T D1 FR107 L2 8H J2 C7 470F C6 1000F C3 22F R3 6.2 D3 12V/3A D2 FR107 R4 20 Q1 7N60 C8 0.1F R6 0.5 R7 4.7k 8 7 6 R10 9.5k R11 2.5k 5 R12 1k GATE VCC SENSE ADJ Q2 AZ431 U1 AP3101 GND 1 FB VIN 2 3 R13 620 RI 4 R8 27k U2 p521 4 1 3 2 Pin Descriptions Pin Number Pin Name 1 GND 2 FB Feedback 3 VIN Start-up current in 4 RI Reference setting 5 ADJ 6 SENSE 7 VCC The positive supply of the control IC 8 GATE Driver output AP3101 Document number: DS37418 Rev. 2 - 2 Function Power ground Adjust the level of skip cycle Current sense 2 of 12 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3101 Functional Block Diagram VCC GND 1 Q ON/OFF Driver D CLK GATE OSC Short Circuit Protection RB RI 8 6V 4 OTP Skip Cycle 4R 5 ADJ R 6V PWM Internal Bias 2 FB 2R VCC 7 UVLO Current Limit 16V/10V Slope Compensation R LEB 6 SENSE 0.85V VIN 3 AP3101 Document number: DS37418 Rev. 2 - 2 3 of 12 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3101 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 4) Symbol Rating Unit Supply Voltage 30 V IO Gate Output Current 600 mA – Input Voltage to FB -0.3 to 7 V – Input Voltage to SENSE -0.3 to 7 V – Input Voltage to RI -0.3 to 7 V – Input Voltage to ADJ -0.3 to 7 VCC – TSTG Parameter Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range – ESD (Human Body Model) – ESD (Machine Model) PD θJA o Power Dissipation at TA<+25 C V +150 o -65 to +150 o C C 4 kV 400 V 550 Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient) mW o 186 C/W Note 4: Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied. Exposure to “Absolute Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability. Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol Parameter TA Operating Ambient Temperature VCC Supply Voltage AP3101 Document number: DS37418 Rev. 2 - 2 4 of 12 www.diodes.com Min Max -40 +85 – 20 Unit o C V July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3101 Electrical Characteristics Symbol (@TA=+25°C, VCC=15V, unless otherwise specified.) Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit UNDER-VOLTAGE LOCKOUT SECTION VTHON Start-up Voltage – 15 16 17 V VTHOFF Minimum Operating Voltage – 9 10 11 V Start-up Current VCC=14.8V – 30 45 μA Operating Current VFB=VSENSE=0V, CL=1nF – 3 4 mA DMAX Maximum Duty Cycle – 70 80 90 % DMIN Minimum Duty Cycle – – – 0 % Oscillation Frequency RI=26kΩ 60 65 70 kHz – Frequency Change with Voltage VCC=10V to 20V – – 2 % – Temperature Stability TA=-40oC to +85oC – – 5 % 2.5 3 3.5 V/V TOTAL STANDBY CURRENT SECTION – ICC PWM SECTION OSCILLATOR SECTION fOSC FEEDBACK INPUT SECTION – The Ratio of Input Voltage to Current Sense Voltage – – Input Impedance – 3 4.5 6 kΩ – Source Current – – – -2 mA – Input Voltage for Zero Duty – – – 1.2 V Threshold Voltage – 0.8 0.85 0.9 V – Delay to Output – – 150 200 ns – Delay Time Protection CURRENT SENSE SECTION VTH of Short Circuit RI=26kΩ – 23 – ms OUTPUT SECTION VOL Low Level Voltage IO=200mA, VCC=12V – – 1.5 V VOH High Level Voltage IO=50mA, VCC=12V 8 – – V tR Rise Time VCC=13V, CL=1nF 150 250 350 ns tF Fall Time VCC=13V, CL=1nF 30 50 90 ns Default Skip Level – – 1.2 – V Leading Edge Blanking RI=26kΩ 200 270 350 ns SKIP CYCLE SECTION VSKIP – OVER-TEMPERATURE PROTECTION SECTION – Shutdown Temperature – – +155 – o – Temperature Hysteresis – – +25 – o AP3101 Document number: DS37418 Rev. 2 - 2 5 of 12 www.diodes.com C C July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3101 Performance Characteristics Oscillator Frequency vs. Ambient Temperature Start-up Current vs. Ambient Temperature 40 66 Start-up Current (A) Oscillator Frequency (kHz) 36 65 64 63 62 61 -40 32 28 24 20 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 16 -40 120 -20 0 60 80 100 120 Start-up Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature 16.3 4.4 16.2 4.2 16.1 Start-up Voltage (V) 4.0 Operating Current (mA) 40 Ambient Temperature ( C) Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.2 16.0 15.9 15.8 15.7 15.6 3.0 15.5 2.8 15.4 2.6 -40 20 o o Ambient Temperature ( C) -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 15.3 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 o o Ambient Temperature ( C) Ambient Temperature ( C) Minimum Operating Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Duty Cycle vs. Ambient Temperature 86 10.2 82 80 10.0 Duty Cycle (%) Minimum Operating Voltage (V) 84 10.1 9.9 9.8 78 76 74 72 70 9.7 68 9.6 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 66 -40 120 Document number: DS37418 Rev. 2 - 2 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Ambient Temperature ( C) Ambient Temperature ( C) AP3101 -20 o o 6 of 12 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3101 Performance Characteristics (Cont.) Oscillator Frequency vs. Timing Resistor 1.26 135 1.24 120 Oscillator Frequency (kHz) Skip Level (V) Skip Level vs. Ambient Temperature 1.22 1.20 1.18 1.16 1.14 -40 105 90 75 60 45 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 o 30 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 Timing Resistor (k) Ambient Temperature ( C) Operation Description The AP3101 is specially designed for off-line AC-DC adapter and battery charger applications. It offers the designer a cost effective solution with minimal external components. Oscillator The oscillation frequency is programmed by the value of resistor R1 connected from pin RI to ground. The resistor will make a constant current source to determine the oscillation frequency by charging and discharging an internal capacitor. The oscillation frequency can be expressed as: f 1690 (kHz ) R1(k) The recommended oscillation frequency is 50 to 100kHz. Start-up Current and Operating Current The typical start-up current is only 30μA. With such a low start-up current, the start-up resistor may have a very high resistance value even in 85V line voltage; however, higher resistance will cause longer start-up time. So we must select a proper start-up resistor and a proper VCC holdup capacitor. Operating current is lowered to 3mA. It can reduce the requirement of V CC hold-up capacitor value and the power loss in AP3101. Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) An UVLO comparator is included in AP3101 to detect the voltage on the VCC pin. It ensures AP3101 to draw adequate energy from hold-up capacitor during power on. The turn-on threshold is 16V and the turn-off threshold is 10V. Current Sense Comparator and PWM Latch AP3101 operates as a current mode controller, the output switch conduction is initiated by every oscillator cycle and terminated when the peak inductor current reaches the threshold level established by the FB pin. The inductor current signal is converted to a voltage signal by inserting a referenced sense resistor RS in series with the source of the MOSFET. The peak inductor current under normal operating conditions is controlled by the voltage at FB pin: I pk (VFB 0.9) / 3R S Abnormal operating conditions occur when the power supply output is overloaded or the output voltage sensing is lost. Under these conditions, the current sense comparator threshold will be internally clamped to 0.85V. Therefore the maximum peak switch current is: I P K(max) 0.85 / R S AP3101 Document number: DS37418 Rev. 2 - 2 7 of 12 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3101 Operation Description (Cont.) Leading Edge Blanking A narrow spike on the leading edge of the current waveform can usually be observed when the power MOSFET is turned on. A 270ns leadingedge blank is built-in to prevent the false-triggering caused by the turn-on spike; so the RC filter on the current sense input can be removed. During this period, the current limit comparator is disabled and the gate driver cannot be switched off. Built-in Slope Compensation It is well known that a continuous current mode SMPS may become unstable when the duty cycle exceeds 50%. The built-in slope compensation can improve the stability, so there is no need for design engineer to spend much time on that. Short Circuit Protection Built-in short circuit protection can protect a SMPS from being damaged when short circuit of output or over load conditions happen. The feedback voltage will keep its value above its upper limit of 4.2V as long as short circuit exists, and then gate driver will be turned off after fixed delay time of 23ms. When VCC of AP3101 dropped under the minimum operating voltage, the device will be turned off and the system will try to restart. The SMPS will not recover its normal operation until the short circuit or over load is removed. Green Mode Operation ADJ pin is the non-inverting input of skip cycle comparator. The voltage at FB pin minus 0.9V is compared with the voltage at ADJ pin. If the voltage at ADJ pin is higher, AP3101 will start to blank its output pulse. In normal operation, AP3101 works at fixed switching frequency, and VFB is in high level. When load power becomes lighter, the VFB will decrease. When VFB drops to the threshold, AP3101 will enter the skip cycle mode and operate intermittently. The threshold is adjustable by changing the value of the resistor connected from pin ADJ to the ground. AP3101 Document number: DS37418 Rev. 2 - 2 8 of 12 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3101 Ordering Information AP3101 X XX – XX Product Name Package Packing E1/G1 M : SO-8 TR : Tape & Reel Blank : Tube E1 : Lead Free G1 : Green Diodes IC's Pb-free products, as designated with "E1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant. Products with "G1" suffix are available in green packages. Package Temperature Range Pb Lead-Free SO-8 -40 to +85oC Part Number Marking ID Packing Lead Free Green Lead Free Green AP3101M-E1 AP3101M-G1 3101M-E1 3101M-G1 100/Tube AP3101MTR-E1 AP3101MTR-G1 3101M-E1 3101M-G1 4000/Tape & Reel Marking Information (Top View) First and Second Lines: Logo and Marking ID (See Ordering Information) Third Line: Date Code Y: Year WW: Work Week of Molding A: Assembly House Code th th XX: 7 and 8 Digits of Batch No. AP3101 Document number: DS37418 Rev. 2 - 2 9 of 12 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3101 Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm(inch).) (1) Package Type: SO-8 4.700(0.185) 5.100(0. 201) 7° ~ 9° 0.320(0. 013) TYP 1.350(0. 053) 1.750(0. 069) 8° 8° ~ 9° 7° 0.600(0. 024) 0.725(0. 029) D 5.800(0. 228) 6.200(0. 244) 1.270(0. 050) TYP D 20:1 0.300(0. 012) R0.150(0.006) 0.100(0. 004) 1.000(0. 039) TYP 3.800(0. 150) Option 1 4.000(0. 157) 0.300(0. 012) 0.150(0. 006) 0.250(0. 010) Option 1 0° 8° 1° 7° 0.510(0. 020) R0.150(0.006) 0.450(0. 017) 0.820(0. 032) Option 2 0.350(0. 014) TYP Note: Eject hole , oriented hole and mold mark is optional . AP3101 Document number: DS37418 Rev. 2 - 2 10 of 12 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3101 Suggested Pad Layout (1) Package Type: SO-8 Grid placement courtyard G Z Y E X Dimensions Z (mm)/(inch) G (mm)/(inch) X (mm)/(inch) Y (mm)/(inch) E (mm)/(inch) Value 6.900/0.272 3.900/0.154 0.650/0.026 1.500/0.059 1.270/0.050 AP3101 Document number: DS37418 Rev. 2 - 2 11 of 12 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3101 IMPORTANT NOTICE DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). 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Customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support devices or systems, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices- or systems-related information or support that may be provided by Diodes Incorporated. Further, Customers must fully indemnify Diodes Incorporated and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems. Copyright © 2014, Diodes Incorporated www.diodes.com AP3101 Document number: DS37418 Rev. 2 - 2 12 of 12 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated