GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Key Features Description • SMPTE 424M, SMPTE 292M and SMPTE 259M compliant • Automatic cable equalization The GS2964 is a high-speed BiCMOS integrated circuit designed to equalize and restore signals received over 75Ω coaxial cable. • Multi-standard operation from 143Mb/s to 2.97Gb/s • Performance optimized for 270Mb/s, 1.485Gb/s and 2.97Gb/s. Typical equalized length of Belden 1694A cable: 100m at 2.97Gb/s 140m at 1.485Gb/s 180m at 270Mb/s • Supports DVB-ASI at 270Mb/s • Manual bypass (useful for low data rates with slow rise/fall times) • Programmable carrier detect with squelch threshold adjustment • Standard EIA/JEDEC logic control and status signal levels • Single 3.3V power supply operation • 215mW power consumption (typical) • Wide temperature range of -40ºC to +85ºC • Small footprint QFN package (4mm x 4mm) The Carrier Detect output pin (CD) indicates whether a valid input signal has been detected. It can be connected directly to the MUTE pin to mute the output on loss of carrier. A voltage programmable threshold, which can be changed via the SQ_ADJ pin, forces CD high when the input signal amplitude falls below the threshold. This allows the GS2964 to distinguish between low-amplitude SDI signals and noise at the input of the device. The equalizing and DC restore stages are disengaged when the BYPASS pin is HIGH. No equalization occurs in Bypass mode. The GS2964 is footprint and drop-in compatible with existing GS2974 designs, with no additional application changes required. Pb-free and RoHS compliant Applications • The GS2964 features DC restoration to compensate for the DC content of SMPTE pathological test patterns. The differential outputs can be DC-coupled to Gennum 3.3V cable drivers and reclockers and to other industry-standard 3.3V CML logic. Drop-in compatible with the GS2974 • The device is designed to support SMPTE 424M, SMPTE292M and SMPTE 259M, and is optimized for performance at 270Mb/s, 1.485Gb/s and 2.97Gb/s. SMPTE 424M, SMPTE 292M and SMPTE 259M coaxial cable serial digital interfaces The device is available in a 16-pin, 4mm x 4mm QFN package. Power consumption of the GS2964 is typically 215mW. The GS2964 is Pb-free, and the encapsulation compound does not contain halogenated flame retardant. This component and all homogeneous subcomponents are RoHS compliant. GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 www.gennum.com 1 of 17 SQ_ADJ BYPASS MUTE CD Squelch Adjust Carrier Detect Mute SDI SDI Equalizer DC Restore Output SDO SDO AGC AGC AGC GS2964 Functional Block Diagram Revision History Version ECR PCN Date 3 153913 54547 March 2010 Changed ESD rating from 6kV to 5kV in Section 2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings. 2 152613 – September 2009 Updates to Output Voltage Swing specifications in Table 2-2: AC Electrical Characteristics. 1 152312 – July 2009 Converted to Data Sheet. 0 151929 – May 2009 Conversion to Preliminary Data Sheet. B 151798 – April 2009 Updates. A 151181 – January 2009 GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 Changes and/or Modifications New document. 2 of 17 Contents Key Features........................................................................................................................................................1 Applications.........................................................................................................................................................1 Description...........................................................................................................................................................1 Revision History .................................................................................................................................................2 1. Pin Out...............................................................................................................................................................4 1.1 GS2964 Pin Assignment .................................................................................................................4 1.2 GS2964 Pin Descriptions ................................................................................................................4 2. Electrical Characteristics ............................................................................................................................6 2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ..........................................................................................................6 2.2 DC Electrical Characteristics ........................................................................................................6 2.3 AC Electrical Characteristics ........................................................................................................7 2.4 Typical Performance Curves ........................................................................................................8 3. Input/Output Circuits ..................................................................................................................................9 4. Detailed Description.................................................................................................................................. 10 4.1 Serial Digital Inputs ...................................................................................................................... 10 4.2 Cable Equalization ........................................................................................................................ 10 4.3 Serial Digital Outputs ................................................................................................................... 10 4.4 Programmable Squelch Adjust (SQ_ADJ) .............................................................................. 11 4.5 Mute and Carrier Detect .............................................................................................................. 11 4.6 Output Rise/Fall Times ................................................................................................................ 12 5. Application Information .......................................................................................................................... 13 5.1 PCB Layout ....................................................................................................................................... 13 5.2 Typical Application Circuit ........................................................................................................ 13 6. Package & Ordering Information .......................................................................................................... 14 6.1 Package Dimensions ..................................................................................................................... 14 6.2 Packaging Data ............................................................................................................................... 14 6.3 Recommended PCB Footprint ................................................................................................... 15 6.4 Marking Diagram ........................................................................................................................... 15 6.5 Solder Reflow Profiles .................................................................................................................. 16 6.6 Ordering Information ................................................................................................................... 16 GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 3 of 17 1. Pin Out 2 SDI 3 N/C 4 MUTE 13 GS2964 16-pin QFN (top view) 12 VEE_D 11 SDO 10 SDO 9 AGC 5 Ground Pad (bottom of package) VCC_D CD 14 6 7 N/C 8 SQ_ADJ SDI 15 BYPASS 1 16 AGC VEE_A VCC_A 1.1 GS2964 Pin Assignment Figure 1-1: GS2964 Pin Out 1.2 GS2964 Pin Descriptions Table 1-1: GS2964 Pin Descriptions Pin Number Name Timing Type 1 VEE_A Analog Power Description Most negative power supply for analog circuitry. Connect to GND. 2, 3 SDI, SDI Analog Input 4, 9 N/C – – No Connect. Not bonded internally. 5, 6 AGC, AGC Analog – External AGC capacitor. Serial digital differential input. Connect pin 5 and pin 6 together as shown in the Typical Application Circuit on page 13. 7 BYPASS Not Synchronous Input Forces the Equalizing and DC RESTORE stages into bypass mode when HIGH. No equalization occurs in this mode. (Internal pull-down). 8 SQ_ADJ Analog Input Squelch Adjust. Adjusts the approximate amount of cable equalized before CD goes low. See Section 4.4 and Section 4.5. (Internal pull-down). 10, 11 SDO, SDO GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 Analog Output Equalized serial digital differential output. 4 of 17 Table 1-1: GS2964 Pin Descriptions (Continued) Pin Number Name Timing Type Description 12 VEE_D Analog Power Most negative power supply for the digital circuitry and output buffer. Connect to GND. 13 VCC_D Analog Power Most positive power supply for the digital I/O pins of the device. Connect to +3.3V DC. 14 MUTE Not Synchronous Input CONTROL SIGNAL INPUT levels are LVCMOS/LVTTL compatible. (3.3V Tolerant) Controls output behaviour on SDO and SDO. (Internal pull-down). See Section 4.5. 15 CD Not Synchronous Output STATUS SIGNAL OUTPUT Signal levels are LVCMOS/LVTTL compatible. Indicates the presence of an input signal. See Section 4.5. 16 VCC_A Analog Power Most positive power supply for the analog circuitry of the device. Connect to +3.3V DC. – Center Pad GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 – Power Internally bonded to VEE_A. 5 of 17 2. Electrical Characteristics 2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Value Supply Voltage -0.5V to +3.6V DC Input ESD Voltage (HBM) 5kV Storage Temperature Range -50°C < Ts < 125°C Input Voltage Range (any input) -0.3 to (VCC +0.3)V Operating Temperature Range -40°C to +85°C Solder Reflow Temperature 260°C 2.2 DC Electrical Characteristics Table 2-1: DC Electrical Characteristics VCC = 3.3V ±5%, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise shown Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units Notes 3.135 3.3 3.465 V ±5% Supply Voltage VCC – Power Consumption PD TA = 25°C – 215 – mW – Supply Current Is TA = 25°C – 65 – mA – VCMOUT TA = 25°C – VCC - ΔVSDO/2 – V – Input Common Mode Voltage VCMIN TA = 25°C – 2.2 – V – SQ_ADJ DC Voltage (to mute signal) – 0m, TA = 25°C – 3.2 – V – SQ_ADJ Range – TA = 25°C – 1 – V – 2.4 – – V – – – 0.4 V – 2.0 – – V – – – 0.8 V – Output Common Mode Voltage CD Output Voltage VCD(OH) Carrier not present VCD(OL) Carrier present Mute Input Voltage Required to Force Outputs to Mute VMute Min to Mute Mute Input Voltage Required to Force Outputs Active VMute Max to Activate GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 6 of 17 2.3 AC Electrical Characteristics Table 2-2: AC Electrical Characteristics VCC = 3.3V ±5%, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise shown Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units Notes Serial input data rate DRSDO – 143 – 2970 Mb/s – Input Voltage Swing ΔVSDI TA =25°C, differential, 270Mb/s and 1.485Gb/s 720 800 950 mVp-p 1 TA =25°C, differential, 2.97Gb/s 720 800 880 mVp-p 1 100Ω load, TA =25°C, differential 650 800 950 mVp-p – Output Voltage Swing Output Jitter of Various Cable Lengths and Data Rates Output Rise/Fall time ΔVSDO – 270Mb/s Belden 1694A: 0-180m – 0.2 − UI 2 – 1.485Gb/s Belden 1694A: 0-140m – 0.25 − UI 2 – 2.97Gb/s Belden 1694A: 0-100m – 0.35 − UI 2 – 2.97Gb/s & 1.485Gb/s 20% - 80% 35 65 90 ps – 270Mb/s (see Section 4.6) Mismatch in rise/fall time – – – 30 – ps – Duty cycle distortion – – – – 30 ps – Overshoot – – – – 10 % – Input Return Loss – – 15 – – dB 3 Input Resistance – single ended – 1.7 – kΩ – Input Capacitance – single ended – 1 – pF – Output Resistance – single ended – 50 – Ω – NOTES: 1. 0m cable length. 2. Based on characterization data using the recommended applications circuit, at VCC = 3.3V, TA = 25°C and 800mV launch swing from the SDI cable driver. 3. Tested on GS2964 board from 5MHz to 3GHz. GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 7 of 17 2.4 Typical Performance Curves VCC=3.3V, room temperature, 800mV launch swing Pk-Pk Jitter (ps) 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Cable Length (m) 140 160 180 Pk-Pk Jitter (ps) Figure 2-1: Jitter vs. Cable Length (270Mb/s) 100 0 0 20 40 60 80 Cable Length (m) 100 120 140 Pk-Pk Jitter (ps) Figure 2-2: Jitter vs. Cable Length (1485Mb/s) 100 0 20 40 60 80 Cable Length (m) 100 120 Figure 2-3: Jitter vs. Cable Length (2970Mb/s) GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 8 of 17 3. Input/Output Circuits 4k 4k SDI SDI - 8k R 8k + SQ_ADJ 82.4k Figure 3-1: Input Equivalent Circuit 50 Figure 3-2: SQ_ADJ Equivalent Circuit 50 SDO SDO Figure 3-3: Output Circuit MUTE, BYPASS Figure 3-4: MUTE and BYPASS Circuits GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 CD Figure 3-5: CD Circuit 9 of 17 4. Detailed Description The GS2964 is a high-speed BiCMOS IC designed to equalize serial digital signals. The GS2964 can equalize 3Gb/s, HD and SD serial digital signals, and will typically equalize 100m of Belden 1694A cable at 2.97Gb/s, 140m at 1.485Gb/s and 180m at 270Mb/s.The GS2964 is powered from a single +3.3V power supply and consumes approximately 215mW of power. 4.1 Serial Digital Inputs The Serial Data Signal may be connected to the input pins (SDI/SDI) in either a differential or single ended configuration. AC coupling of the inputs is recommended, as the SDI and SDI inputs are internally biased at approximately 1.8V. 4.2 Cable Equalization The input signal passes through a variable gain equalizing stage whose frequency response closely matches the inverse of the cable loss characteristic. In addition, the variation of the frequency response with control voltage imitates the variation of the inverse cable loss characteristic with cable length. The edge energy of the equalized signal is monitored by a detector circuit which produces an error signal corresponding to the difference between the desired edge energy and the actual edge energy. This error signal is integrated by both an internal and an external AGC filter capacitor providing a steady control voltage for the gain stage. As the frequency response of the gain stage is automatically varied by the application of negative feedback, the edge energy of the equalized signal is kept at a constant level which is representative of the original edge energy at the transmitter. The equalized signal is also DC restored, effectively restoring the logic threshold of the equalized signal to its correct level independent of shifts due to AC coupling. 4.3 Serial Digital Outputs The digital output signals have a nominal voltage of 800mVpp differential, or 400mVpp single-ended when terminated with 50Ω as shown in Figure 4-1. GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 10 of 17 +200mV VCM = 2.9V typical SDO -200mV SDO +200mV 50 50 VCM = 2.9V typical -200mV Figure 4-1: Typical Output Voltage Levels 4.4 Programmable Squelch Adjust (SQ_ADJ) The GS2964 incorporates a programmable Squelch Adjust (SQ_ADJ) threshold. This feature can be useful in applications where there are multiple input channels using the GS2964 and the maximum gain can be limited to avoid crosstalk. The SQ_ADJ pin acts to change the threshold of the Carrier Detect (CD) pin, through voltage level variances. When the input signal drops below a certain threshold, the CD pin will be driven high, indicating that there is not a valid input signal. In order to enable automatic muting of the output of the GS2964, the CD pin should be connected directly to the MUTE pin. In applications where programmable squelch adjust is not required, the SQ_ADJ pin may be left unconnected. This feature has been designed for use in applications such as routers, where signal crosstalk and circuit noise cause the Equalizer to output erroneous data when no input signal is present. The use of a Carrier Detect function with a fixed internal reference does not solve this problem, since the signal to noise ratio on the circuit board could be significantly less than the default signal detection level set by the on chip reference. 4.5 Mute and Carrier Detect The GS2964 includes a MUTE input pin that allows the application interface to mute the Serial Digital Output at any time. Set the MUTE pin HIGH to mute SDO and SDO. In this case, the outputs will mute regardless of the setting of the BYPASS pin. A Carrier Detect output pin (CD) indicates the presence of a valid signal at the input of the GS2964. When CD is LOW, the device has detected a valid input on SDI and SDI. When CD is HIGH, the device has not detected a valid input. NOTE 1: CD will only detect loss of carrier for data rates greater than 19Mb/s. The CD output pin may be connected directly to the MUTE input pin to enable automatic muting of the GS2964 when no valid input signal has been detected. GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 11 of 17 NOTE 2: If the maximum cable length is exceeded (set by the SQ_ADJ pin) and the device is not in Bypass mode, the CD pin will not be driven low, even if a carrier is present. Table 4-1: Mute Input Table Mute Function 0 SDO and SDO operate normally 1 SDO and SDO are forced to a steady state (either high or low) Table 4-2: CD Output Table CD Input Status 0 Valid Input on SDI, SDI pins 1 Input is not valid 4.6 Output Rise/Fall Times 180 160 Rise/Fall Time (ps) 140 120 100 80 60 40 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Cable Length (m) 130 150 170 Figure 4-2: Typical Rise/Fall time for 270Mb/s data rate (VCC=3.3V, room temperature, 800mV launch swing) The GS2964 was designed to limit bandwidth as cable length is increased. During 3G (2.97Gb/s) and HD (1.485Gb/s) operation, the impact of this is minimal on rise and fall time over the operating range. For SD (270Mb/s), the bandwidth limitation becomes more significant, particularly at longer cable lengths where a reduction in rise and fall time is observed. This means that for SD (270Mb/s) operation, rise and fall times slow as shown in Figure 4-2 above. This is beneficial because at 270Mb/s, one unit interval is equal to 3.7ns, therefore rise and fall times less than 100ps are not required, and slower rise and fall times actually help to reduce EMI. GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 12 of 17 5. Application Information 5.1 PCB Layout Special attention must be paid to component layout when designing Serial Digital Interfaces for HDTV. An FR-4 dielectric can be used, however, controlled impedance transmission lines are required for PCB traces longer than approximately 1cm. Note the following PCB artwork features used to optimize performance: • PCB trace width for 3Gb/s rate signals is closely matched to SMT component width to minimize reflections due to change in trace impedance. • The PCB ground plane is removed under the GS2964 input components to minimize parasitic capacitance. • The PCB ground plane is removed under the GS2964 output components to minimize parasitic capacitance. • High speed traces are curved to minimize impedance changes. 5.2 Typical Application Circuit CD MUTE VCC VCC 1u 2 CD 13 VCC_D 1 MUTE 6.2n* 14 15 10n VEE_D VEE_A SDI SDO 75 12 4u7 + SDO + SDO 11 GS2964 SDO NC 6 5 7 SQ_ADJ 37R4 4 SDI AGC 75 3 BYPASS 1u AGC SDI VCC_A 16 10n NC 10 9 4u7 8 SQ_ADJ 470n 470n BYPASS NOTE: All resistors in Ohms, capacitors in Farads, and inductors in Henrys, unless otherwise noted. * Value dependent on layout Figure 5-1: GS2964 Typical Application Circuit GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 13 of 17 6. Package & Ordering Information 6.1 Package Dimensions 2.76+/-0.10 PIN #1 IDENTIFICATION Φ0.4500 DATUM A PIN 1 AREA 2X 0.40+/-0.05 4.00+/-0.05 B CENTER TAB 2.76+/-0.10 A 4.00+/-0.05 DETAIL B 0.15 C DATUM B 0.15 C 2X 0.35+/-0.05 0.65 0.20 REF 16X 0.10 C C 0.10 CAB 0.05 C DATUM A OR B 16X 0.08 C SEATING PLANE 0.65/2 0.00-0.05 0.85+/-0.05 TERMINAL TIP 0.65 DETAIL B SCALE:NTS 6.2 Packaging Data Parameter Value Package Type 4mm x 4mm 16-pin QFN Package Drawing Reference JEDEC M0220 Moisture Sensitivity Level 3 Junction to Case Thermal Resistance, θj-c 31.0°C/W Junction to Air Thermal Resistance, θj-a (at zero airflow) 43.8°C/W Psi, ψ 11.0°C/W Pb-free and RoHS compliant Yes GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 14 of 17 6.3 Recommended PCB Footprint 0.35 0.65 0.55 3.70 2.76 Center Pad NOTE: All dimensions are in millimeters. 2.76 3.70 The Center Pad should be connected to the most negative power supply plane for analog circuitry in the device (VEE_A) by a minimum of 5 vias. NOTE: Suggested dimensions only. Final dimensions should conform to customer design rules and process optimizations. 6.4 Marking Diagram Pin 1 ID GS2964 XXXXE3 YYWW GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 XXXX - Last 4 digits (excluding decimal) of SAP Batch Assembly (FIN) as listed on Packing Slip. E3 - Pb-free & Green indicator YYWW - Date Code 15 of 17 6.5 Solder Reflow Profiles The GS2964 is available in a Pb-free package. It is recommended that the Pb-free package be soldered with Pb-free paste using the reflow profile shown in Figure 6-1. Temperature 60-150 sec. 20-40 sec. 260°C 250°C 3°C/sec max 217°C 6°C/sec max 200°C 150°C 25°C Time 60-180 sec. max 8 min. max Figure 6-1: Maximum Pb-free Solder Reflow Profile 6.6 Ordering Information Part Number Package Temperature Range GS2964 GS2964-INE3 16-pin QFN -40°C to 85°C GS2964 GS2964-INTE3 16-pin QFN Tape & Reel (250pcs) -40°C to 85°C GS2964 GS2964-INTE3Z 16-pin QFN Tape & Reel (2500pcs) -40°C to 85°C GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 16 of 17 DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION CAUTION DATA SHEET ELECTROSTATIC SENSITIVE DEVICES The product is in production. Gennum reserves the right to make changes to the product at any time without notice to improve reliability, function or design, in order to provide the best product possible. DO NOT OPEN PACKAGES OR HANDLE EXCEPT AT A STATIC-FREE WORKSTATION GENNUM CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS Phone: +1 (905) 632-2996 Fax: +1 (905) 632-2055 4281 Harvester Road, Burlington, Ontario L7L 5M4 Canada E-mail: [email protected] www.gennum.com OTTAWA SNOWBUSH IP - A DIVISION OF GENNUM GERMANY 232 Herzberg Road, Suite 101 Kanata, Ontario K2K 2A1 Canada 439 University Ave. Suite 1700 Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Y8 Canada Hainbuchenstraße 2 80935 Muenchen (Munich), Germany Phone: +49-89-35831696 Phone: +1 (613) 270-0458 Phone: +1 (416) 925-5643 Fax: +49-89-35804653 Fax: +1 (613) 270-0429 Fax: +1 (416) 925-0581 E-mail: [email protected] CALGARY E-mail: [email protected] 3553 - 31st St. N.W., Suite 210 Calgary, Alberta T2L 2K7 Canada Web Site: http://www.snowbush.com Phone: +1 (403) 284-2672 UNITED KINGDOM North Building, Walden Court Parsonage Lane, Bishop’s Stortford Hertfordshire, CM23 5DB United Kingdom MEXICO 288-A Paseo de Maravillas Jesus Ma., Aguascalientes Mexico 20900 691 South Milpitas Blvd., Suite #200 Milpitas, CA 95035 United States Phone: +1 (408) 934-1301 Fax: +1 (408) 934-1029 Phone: +1 (416) 848-0328 E-mail: [email protected] JAPAN KK NORTH AMERICA EASTERN REGION Fax: +44 1279 714171 Shinjuku Green Tower Building 27F 6-14-1, Nishi Shinjuku Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023 Japan INDIA Phone: +81 (03) 3349-5501 #208(A), Nirmala Plaza, Airport Road, Forest Park Square Bhubaneswar 751009 India Fax: +81 (03) 3349-5505 Phone: +91 (674) 653-4815 TAIWAN Fax: +91 (674) 259-5733 6F-4, No.51, Sec.2, Keelung Rd. Sinyi District, Taipei City 11502 Taiwan R.O.C. Phone: +44 1279 714170 NORTH AMERICA WESTERN REGION E-mail: [email protected] 4281 Harvester Road Burlington, Ontario L7L 5M4 Canada Phone: +1 (905) 632-2996 Fax: +1 (905) 632-2055 E-mail: [email protected] Web Site: http://www.gennum.co.jp Phone: (886) 2-8732-8879 Fax: (886) 2-8732-8870 E-mail: [email protected] Gennum Corporation assumes no liability for any errors or omissions in this document, or for the use of the circuits or devices described herein. The sale of the circuit or device described herein does not imply any patent license, and Gennum makes no representation that the circuit or device is free from patent infringement. All other trademarks mentioned are the properties of their respective owners. GENNUM and the Gennum logo are registered trademarks of Gennum Corporation. © Copyright 2009 Gennum Corporation. All rights reserved. www.gennum.com GS2964 Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 51913 - 3 March 2010 17 of 17 17