±2°C Accurate, 12-Bit Digital Temperature Sensor ADT7408 FEATURES FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM 12-bit temperature-to-digital converter ±2°C accuracy Operation from −20°C to +125°C Operation from 3 V to 3.6 V 240 μA typical average supply current Selectable 1.5°C, 3°C, 6°C hysteresis SMBus-/I2C®-compatible interface Dual-purpose event pin: comparator or interrupt 8-lead LFCSP_VD, 3 mm × 3 mm (JEDEC MO-229 VEED-4) package Complies with JEDEC standard JC-42.4 memory module Thermal sensor component specification Memory module temperature monitoring Isolated sensors Environmental control systems Computer thermal monitoring Thermal protection Industrial process control Power system monitors 8 12- / 10-Bit DECIMATOR TEMPERATURE SENSOR LPF + EVENT# 5 SDA 6 SCL CAPABILITY REGISTER ALARM TEMP UPPER BOUNDARY TRIP REGISTER 1-BIT DAC ADDRESS POINTER REGISTER MANUFACTURER’S ID REGISTER ADT7408 7 CONFIGURATION REGISTER – ∑-∆ CLK AND TIMING GENERATION DIGITAL COMPARATOR + 1-BIT REFERENCE – FACTORY RESERVED REGISTER ALARM TEMP LOWER BOUNDARY TRIP REGISTER CRITICAL TEMP REGISTER TEMPERATURE REGISTER A0 1 A1 2 SMBus/I²C INTERFACE A2 3 4 Vss 05716-001 APPLICATIONS VDD Figure 1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION The ADT7408 is the first digital temperature sensor that complies with JEDEC standard JC-42.4 for the mobile platform memory module. The ADT7408 contains a band gap temperature sensor and a 12-bit ADC to monitor and digitize the temperature to a resolution of 0.0625°C. There is an open-drain EVENT# output that is active when the monitoring temperature exceeds a critical programmable limit or when the temperature falls above or below an alarm window. This pin can operate in either comparator or interrupt mode. There are three slave device address pins that allow up to eight ADT7408s to be used in a system that monitors temperature of various components and subsystems. The ADT7408 is specified for operation at supply voltages from 3.0 V to 3.6 V. Operating at 3.3 V, the average supply current is less than 240 μA typical. The ADT7408 offers a shutdown mode that powers down the device and gives a shutdown current of 3 μA typical. The ADT7408 is rated for operation over the −20°C to +125°C temperature range. The ADT7408 is available in a leadfree, 8-lead LFCSP_VD, 3 mm × 3 mm (JEDEC MO-229 VEED-4) package. Rev. 0 Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2006 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. ADT7408 TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Address Pointer Register (Write Only).................................... 10 Applications....................................................................................... 1 Capability Register (Read Only) .............................................. 10 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 Configuration Register (Read/Write)...................................... 11 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Temperature Trip Point Registers ............................................ 13 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 ID Registers ................................................................................. 14 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Temperature Data Format......................................................... 15 Timing Characteristics ................................................................ 4 Event Pin Functionality ............................................................. 16 Timing Diagram ........................................................................... 4 Serial Interface ............................................................................ 17 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 5 SMBus/I2C Communications ................................................... 18 ESD Caution.................................................................................. 5 Application Information................................................................ 21 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions............................. 6 Thermal Response Time ........................................................... 21 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 7 Self-Heating Effects.................................................................... 21 Theory of Operation ........................................................................ 8 Supply Decoupling ..................................................................... 21 Circuit Information...................................................................... 8 Temperature Monitoring........................................................... 21 Converter Details.......................................................................... 8 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 22 Modes of Operation ..................................................................... 8 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 22 Registers ........................................................................................... 10 REVISION HISTORY 3/06—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 24 ADT7408 SPECIFICATIONS All specifications TA = −20°C to +125°C, VDD = 3.0 V to 3.6 V, unless otherwise noted. Table 1. Parameter TEMPERATURE SENSOR AND ADC Local Sensor Accuracy (C Grade) ADC Resolution Temperature Resolution Temperature Conversion Time Long Term Drift EVENT# OUTPUT (OPEN DRAIN) Output Low Voltage, VOL Pin Capacitance High Output Leakage Current Rise Time 1 Fall Time1 RON Resistance (Low Output)1 DIGITAL INPUTS Input Current Input Low Voltage Input High Voltage SCL, SDA Glitch Rejection1 Pin Capacitance1 DIGITAL OUTPUT (OPEN DRAIN) Output Low Current Output Low Voltage Output High Voltage Output Capacitance1 POWER REQUIREMENTS Supply Voltage Average Supply Current Supply Current Shutdown Mode at 3.3 V Average Power Dissipation 1 Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions/Comments ±0.5 ±1 ±1 12 0.0625 60 0.081 ±2.0 ±3.0 ±4.0 °C °C °C Bits °C ms °C 75°C ≤ TA ≤ 95°C, 3.0 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V active range 40°C ≤ TA ≤ 125°C, 3.0 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V monitor range −20°C ≤ TA ≤ 125°C, 3.0 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V 125 0.4 10 0.1 30 30 15 IOH tLH tHL IIH, IIL VIL VIH −1 1 +1 0.8 2.1 50 10 IOL VOL VOH COUT 6 VDD IDD IDD_CONV 3.0 0.4 2.1 10 PD 3.3 240 360 3 790 3.6 500 550 20 V pF μA ns ns Ω Drift over 10 years, if part is operated at 55°C IOL = 3 mA EVENT# = 3.6 V Supply and temperature dependent μA V V ns pF VIN = 0 V to VDD 3.0 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V 3.0 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V Input filtering suppresses noise spikes of less than 50 ns mA V V pF SDA forced to 0.6 V 3.0 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V at IOPULL_UP = 350 μA V μA μA μA μW Guaranteed by design and characterization, not production tested. Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 24 Device current while converting VDD = 3.3 V, normal mode at 25°C ADT7408 TIMING CHARACTERISTICS TA = −20°C to +125°C, VDD = 3.0 V to 3.6 V, unless otherwise noted. Table 2. Parameter 1 SCL Clock Frequency Bus Free Time Between a Stop (P) and Start (S) Condition Hold Time After (Repeated) Start Condition Symbol fSCL tBUF tHD:STA Min 10 4.7 4.0 Repeated Start Condition Setup Time High Period of the SCL Clock Low Period of the SCL Clock Fall Time of Both SDA and SCL Signals Rise Time of Both SDA and SCL Signals Data Setup Time Data Hold Time Setup Time for Stop Condition Capacitive Load for Each Bus Line, CB tSU:STA tHIGH tLOW tF tR tSU:DAT tHD:DAT tSU:STO 4.7 4.0 4.7 1 Typ Max 100 Unit kHz μs μs Comments After this period, the first clock is generated. μs μs μs ns ns ns ns μs pF 50 300 1000 250 300 4.0 400 Guaranteed by design and characterization, not production tested. TIMING DIAGRAM tF tR VIH SCL tHD:STA VIL tHIGH tLOW tR VIH tHD:DAT tSU:STA tSU:DAT tSU:STO tF VIL P S S Figure 2. SMBus/I2C Timing Diagram Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 24 P 05716-002 tBUF SDA ADT7408 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 3. Parameter VDD to VSS SDA Input Voltage to VSS SDA Output Voltage to VSS SCL Input Voltage to VSS EVENT# Output Voltage to VSS Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Maximum Junction Temperature, TJMAX Thermal Resistance1 θJA, Junction-to-Ambient (Still Air) IR Reflow Soldering Profile Rating –0.3 V to +7 V –0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V –0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V –0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V –0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V –55°C to +150°C –65°C to +160°C 150°C Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 60 – 150 SECONDS RAMP UP 3°C/SECOND MAX 85oC/W Refer to Figure 3 260 – 5/+0°C 217°C 150°C – 200°C RAMP DOWN 6°C/SECOND MAX. TIME (Seconds) 60 – 180 SECONDS 20 – 40 SECONDS 480 SECONDS MAX. Figure 3. LFCSP Pb-Free Reflow Profile Based on JEDEC J-STD-20C ESD CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although this product features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality. Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 24 05716-003 Power Dissipation PMAX = (TJMAX − TA)/θJA, where TA is the ambient temperature. Thermal resistance value relates to the package being used on a standard 2-layer PCB, which gives a worst-case θJA. Some documents may publish junction-to-case thermal resistance θJC, but it refers to a component that is mounted on an ideal heat sink. As a result, junction-to-ambient thermal resistance is more practical for air-cooled, PCB-mounted components. TEMPERATURE (°C) 1 ADT7408 PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS A1 2 A2 3 VSS 4 ADT7408 TOP VIEW (Not to scale) 8 VDD 7 EVENT# 6 SCL 5 SDA 05716-004 A0 1 Figure 4. Pin Configuration Table 4. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 Mnemonic A0 A1 A2 VSS SDA 6 SCL 7 8 EVENT# VDD Description SMBus/I2C Serial Bus Address Selection Pin. Logic input. Can be set to VSS or VDD. SMBus/I2C Serial Bus Address Selection Pin. Logic input. Can be set to VSS or VDD. SMBus/I2C Serial Bus Address Selection Pin. Logic input. Can be set to VSS or VDD. Negative Supply or Ground. SMBus/I2C Serial Data Input/Output. Serial data to be loaded into the part’s registers and read from these registers is provided on this pin. Open-drain configuration; it needs a pull-up resistor. Serial Clock Input. This is the clock input for the serial port. The serial clock is used to clock data into and clock data out from any register of the ADT7408. Open-drain configuration needs a pull-up resistor. Active Low. Open-drain event output pin. Driven low on comparator level or alert interrupt. Positive Supply Power. The supply should be decoupled to ground. Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 24 ADT7408 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 5.0 0.4 VDD = 3.3V 4.0 0.2 0.1 0 –0.1 –0.2 –0.4 –40 05716-015 –0.3 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 05716-016 SHUTDOWN CURRENT (µA) TEMPERATURE ERROR (°C) TA = 85°C 4.5 0.3 0.5 0 3.0 140 3.1 3.2 Figure 5. Temperature Accuracy 0.25 300 250 AVERAGE 3.3V 200 150 100 05716-017 50 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 TEMPERATURE (°C) 250 225 200 175 05716-019 AVERAGE SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) TA = 85°C 275 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.0 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 9. Temperature Accuracy vs. Supply Ripple Frequency 300 3.1 3.7 SUPPLY RIPPLE FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 6. Supply Current vs. Temperature 150 3.0 3.6 05716-018 TEMPERATURE ERROR (°C) AVERAGE SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) CONVERTING 3.3V 350 0 3.5 TA = 85°C VDD = 3.3V ± 10% A 0.1µF CAPACITOR IS CONNECTED AT THE VDD PIN. 400 –20 3.4 Figure 8. Shutdown Current vs. Supply Voltage 450 0 –40 3.3 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) TEMPERATURE (°C) 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Figure 7. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 24 6 ADT7408 THEORY OF OPERATION CIRCUIT INFORMATION MODES OF OPERATION The ADT7408 is a 12-bit digital temperature sensor presented in 13 bits, including the sign bit format (see the bit map in the Temperature Value Register (Read Only) section). Its output is twos complement in that Bit D12 is the sign bit and Bit D0 to Bit D11 are data bits. An on-board sensor generates a voltage precisely proportional to absolute temperature, which is compared to an internal voltage reference and input to a precision digital modulator. Overall accuracy for the ADT7408 is ±2°C from 75°C to 95°C, ±3°C from 40°C to +125°C, and ±4°C from −20°C to +125°C, with excellent transducer linearity. The serial interface is SMBus-/I2C-compatible, and the opendrain output of the ADT7408 is capable of sinking 6 mA. The conversion clock for the part is internally generated. No external clock is required except when reading from and writing to the serial port. In normal mode, the internal clock oscillator runs an automatic conversion sequence that initiates a conversion every 100 ms. At this time, the part powers up its analog circuitry and performs a temperature conversion. This temperature conversion typically takes 60 ms, after which time the analog circuitry of the part automatically shuts down. The analog circuitry powers up again 40 ms later, when the 100 ms timer times out and the next conversion begins. Because the SMBus/I2C circuitry never shuts down, the result of the most recent temperature conversion is always available in the temperature value register. The on-board temperature sensor has excellent accuracy and linearity over the entire rated temperature range without needing correction or calibration by the user. The ADT7408 can be placed in shutdown mode via the configuration register, in which case the on-chip oscillator is shut down, and no further conversions are initiated until the ADT7408 is taken out of shutdown mode by writing 0 to Bit D8 in the configuration register. The conversion result from the last conversion prior to shutdown can still be read from the ADT7408, even when it is in shutdown mode. A first-order ∑-Δ modulator, also known as the charge balance type analog-to-digital converter (ADC), digitizes the sensor output. This type of converter utilizes time domain oversampling and a high accuracy comparator to deliver 12 bits of effective accuracy in an extremely compact circuit. CONVERTER DETAILS The ∑-Δ modulator consists of an input sampler, a summing network, an integrator, a comparator, and a 1-bit DAC, as shown in Figure 10. This architecture creates a negative feedback loop that minimizes the integrator output by changing the duty cycle of the comparator output in response to input voltage changes. There are two simultaneous but different sampling operations in the device. The comparator samples the output of the integrator at a much higher rate than the input sampling frequency, that is, oversampling. Oversampling spreads the quantization noise over a much wider band than that of the input signal, improving overall noise performance and increasing accuracy. The modulated output of the comparator is encoded using a circuit technique that results in SMBus/I2C temperature data. Σ-∆ MODULATOR The measured temperature value is compared with the temperature set at the alarm temperature upper boundary trip register, the alarm temperature lower boundary trip register, and the critical temperature trip register. If the measured value exceeds these limits, then the EVENT# pin is activated. This EVENT# output is programmable for interrupt mode, comparator mode, and the output polarity via the configuration register. INTEGRATOR VOLTAGE REF AND VPTAT COMPARATOR + + – – 1-BIT DAC 1-BIT LPF DIGITAL TEMPERATURE 12-BIT VALUE REGISTER FILTER 05716-005 CLOCK GENERATOR Figure 10. First-Order Σ-Δ Modulator In normal conversion mode, the internal clock oscillator is reset after every read or write operation. This causes the device to start a temperature conversion, the result of which is typically available 60 ms later. Similarly, when the part is taken out of shutdown mode, the internal clock oscillator starts, and a conversion is initiated. The conversion result is typically available 60 ms later. Reading from the device before a conversion is complete does not stop the ADT7408 from converting; the part does not update the temperature value register immediately after the conversion but waits until communication to the part is finished. This read operation provides the previous result. It is possible to miss a conversion result if the SCL frequency is very slow (communication is greater than 40 ms), because the next conversion will have started. There is a 40 ms window between the end of one conversion and the start of the next conversion for the temperature value register to be updated with a new temperature value. The thermal sensor continuously monitors the temperature and updates the temperature data 10 times per second. Temperature data is latched internally by the device and can be read by software from the bus host at any time. Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 24 ADT7408 SMBus/I2C slave address selection pins allow up to eight such devices to co-exist on the same bus. This means that up to eight memory modules can be supported, given that each module has one slave device address slot. After initial power-on, the configuration registers are set to the default values. Software can write to the configuration register to set bits as per the bit definitions in the Registers section. Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 24 ADT7408 REGISTERS ADDRESS POINTER REGISTER (WRITE ONLY) The ADT7408 contains 16 accessible registers, shown in Table 5. The address pointer register is the only register that is eight bits; the other registers are 16 bits wide. On power-up, the address pointer register is loaded with 0x00 and points to the capability register. This 8-bit write only register selects which of the 16-bit registers is accessed in subsequent read/write operations. Address space between 0x08 and 0x0F is reserved for factory usage. Table 5. Registers Pointer Address Not Applicable 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07 0x08 to 0x0F MSB D15 RFU D14 RFU Name Address Pointer Register Capability Register Configuration Register Alarm Temperature Upper Boundary Trip Register Alarm Temperature Lower Boundary Trip Register Critical Temperature Trip Register Temperature Value Register Manufacturer ID Register Device ID/Revision Register Vendor-Defined Registers D13 RFU D12 RFU D11 RFU Power-On Default 0x00 Read/Write Write 0x001D 0x0000 0x0000 Read Read/Write Read/Write 0x0000 Read/Write MSB D7 0 D6 0 D5 0 D4 0 D3 Register select D2 Register select Table 6. Address Pointer Selected Registers D2 0 0 0 D1 0 0 1 D0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Register Selected Capability Register Configuration Register Alarm Temperature Upper Boundary Trip Register Alarm Temperature Lower Boundary Trip Register Critical Temperature Trip Register Temperature Value Register Manufacturer ID Register Device ID/Revision Register 0x0000 Read/Write Undefined Read 0x11D4 Read 1 1 1 1 0x080X Read CAPABILITY REGISTER (READ ONLY) 0x0000 Reserved This 16-bit, read-only register indicates the capabilities of the thermal sensor, as shown in Table 7 and the following bit map. Note that RFU means reserved for future use. D10 RFU D9 RFU D8 RFU D7 RFU D6 RFU D5 RFU D4 TRES1 D3 TRES0 D2 Wider range D1 Higher precision Table 7. Capability Mode Description Bit D0 Alarm/Critical Trips D1 Higher Precision D2 Wider Range [D4:D3] Temperature Resolution [D15:D5] D1 Register select LSB D0 Register select Function Basic capability D0 Trips Capability 1 Alarm and critical trips capability Accuracy D1 Accuracy Capability 0 Default accuracy ±2°C over the active range and ±3°C over the monitor range Wider range D2 Temperature Range Capability 1 Can read temperature below 0°C and set sign bit accordingly (default) Temperature resolution [D4:D3] Temperature Resolution 01 0.25°C LSB 11 0.0625°C LSB (default) Reserved for future use; must be 0 Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 24 LSB D0 Alarm/Critical trips ADT7408 CONFIGURATION REGISTER (READ/WRITE) This 16-bit read/write register stores various configuration modes for the ADT7408, as shown in Table 8 and the following bit map. Note that RFU means reserved for future use. MSB D15 RFU D14 RFU D13 RFU D12 RFU D11 RFU D10 D9 Hysteresis D8 Shutdown mode D7 Critical lock bit D6 Alarm lock bit D5 Clear event D4 Event output status D3 Event output control D2 Critical event only D1 Event polarity LSB D0 Event mode Table 8. Configuration Mode Description Bit D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 Description Event mode 0: Comparator output mode (default) 1: Interrupt mode When either lock bit (D6 and D7) is set, this bit cannot be altered until unlocked. Event polarity 0: Active low (default) 1: Active high When either lock bit (D6 and D7) is set, this bit cannot be altered until unlocked. Critical event only 0: Event output on alarm or critical temperature event (default) 1: Event only if temperature is above the value in the critical temperature trip register When either lock bit (D6 and D7) is set, this bit cannot be altered until unlocked. Event output control 0: Event output disabled (default) 1: Event output enabled When either lock bit (D6 and D7) is set, this bit cannot be altered until unlocked. Event output status (read only) 0: Event output condition is not being asserted by this device 1: Event output pin is being asserted by this device due to alarm window or critical trip condition The actual cause of an event can be determined from the read of the temperature value register. Interrupt events can be cleared by writing to the clear event bit. Writing to this bit has no effect on the output status because it is a read function only. Clear event (write only) 0: No effect 1: Clears an active event in interrupt mode Writing to this register has no effect in comparator mode. When read, this bit always returns 0. Once the DUT temperature is greater than the critical temperature, an event cannot be cleared (see Figure 12). Alarm window lock bit 0: Alarm trips are not locked and can be altered (default) 1: Alarm trip register settings cannot be altered This bit is initially cleared. When set, this bit returns a 1 and remains locked until cleared by internal power on reset. These bits can be written with a single write and do not require double writes. Critical trip lock bit 0: Critical trip is not locked and can be altered (default) 1: Critical trip register settings cannot be altered This bit is initially cleared. When set, this bit returns a 1 and remains locked until cleared by internal power on reset. These bits can be written with a single write and do not require double writes. Shutdown mode 0: TS enabled (default) 1: TS shut down When shut down, the thermal sensing device and ADC are disabled to save power. No events are generated. When either lock bit is set, this bit cannot be set until unlocked. However, it can be cleared at any time. Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 24 ADT7408 Description Hysteresis enable 00: Disable hysteresis 01: Enable hysteresis at 1.5°C 10: Enable hysteresis at 3°C 11: Enable hysteresis at 6°C TH TH – HYST TL TL – HYST BELOW WINDOW BIT 05716-006 Bit D10:D9 ABOVE WINDOW BIT Figure 11. Hysteresis Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 24 ADT7408 TEMPERATURE TRIP POINT REGISTERS There are three temperature trip point registers. They are the alarm temperature upper boundary trip register, the alarm temperature lower boundary trip register, and the critical temperature trip register. Alarm Temperature Upper Boundary Trip Register (Read/Write) The value is the upper threshold temperature value for alarm mode. The data format is twos complement with one LSB = 0.25oC. RFU (reserved for future use) bits are not supported and always report 0. Interrupts respond to the programmed boundary values. If boundary values are being altered in-system, the user should turn off interrupts until a known state can be obtained to avoid superfluous interrupt activity. The format of this register is shown in the following bit map: D15 0 D14 0 D13 0 Sign MSB D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 Alarm window upper boundary temperature D4 D3 LSB D2 D1 RFU D0 RFU Alarm Temperature Lower Boundary Trip Register (Read/Write) The value is the lower threshold temperature value for alarm mode. The data format is twos complement with one LSB = 0.25oC. RFU bits are not supported and always report 0. Interrupts respond to the programmed boundary values. If boundary values are being altered in-system, the user should turn off interrupts until a known state can be obtained to avoid superfluous interrupt activity. The format of this register is shown in the following bit map: D15 0 D14 0 D13 0 Sign MSB D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 Alarm window upper boundary temperature D4 D3 LSB D2 D1 RFU D0 RFU Critical Temperature Trip Register (Read/Write) The value is the critical temperature. The data format is twos complement with one LSB = 0.25oC. RFU bits are not supported and always report 0. The format of this register is shown in the following bit map: D15 0 D14 0 D13 0 Sign MSB D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 Critical temperature trip point D5 D4 D3 LSB D2 D1 RFU D0 RFU Temperature Value Register (Read Only) This 16-bit, read-only register stores the trip status and the temperature measured by the internal temperature sensor, as shown in Table 9. The temperature is stored in 13-bit, twos complement format with the MSB being the temperature sign bit and the 12 LSBs representing temperature. One LSB = 0.0625oC. The most significant bit has a resolution of 128oC. When reading from this register, the eight MSBs (Bit D15 to Bit D8) are read first, and then the eight LSBs (Bit D7 to Bit D0) are read. The trip status bits represent the internal temperature trip detection and are not affected by the status of the event or configuration bits, for example, event output control, clear event. If both above and below are 0, then the current temperature is exactly within the alarm window boundaries, as defined in the configuration register. The format and descriptions are shown in Table 9 and the following bit map: D15 Above critical trip D14 Above alarm window D13 Below alarm window Sign MSB D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 Temperature Rev. 0 | Page 13 of 24 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 LSB D0 ADT7408 Table 9. Temperature Register Trip Status Description Bit D13 Below alarm window D14 Above alarm window D15 Above critical trip Definition Below alarm window D13 Temperature Alarm Status 0 Temperature is equal to or above the alarm window lower boundary temperature. 1 Temperature is below the alarm window lower boundary temperature. Above alarm window D14 Temperature Alarm Status 0 Temperature is equal to or below the alarm window upper boundary temperature. 1 Temperature is above the alarm window upper boundary temperature. Above critical trip D15 Critical Trip Status 0 Temperature is below the critical temperature setting. 1 Temperature is equal to or above the critical temperature setting. ID REGISTERS Manufacturer ID Register (Read Only) This manufacturer ID matches that assigned to a vendor within the PCI SIG. This register can be used to identify the manufacturer of the device in order to perform manufacturer-specific operations. Manufacturer IDs can be found at www.pcisig.com. The format of this register is shown in the following bit map: D15 0 D14 0 D13 0 D12 1 D11 0 D10 0 D9 0 D8 1 D7 1 D16 1 D5 0 D4 1 D3 0 D2 1 D1 0 D0 0 Device ID and Revision Register (Read Only) This device ID and device revision are assigned by the device manufacturer. The device revision starts at 0 and is incremented by 1 whenever an update to the device is issued by the manufacturer. The format of this register in shown in the following bit map: D15 0 D14 0 D13 0 D12 0 D11 1 D10 0 D9 0 D8 0 D7 0 Rev. 0 | Page 14 of 24 D6 0 D5 0 D4 0 D3 0 D2 0 D1 0 D0 1 ADT7408 TEMPERATURE DATA FORMAT The values used in the temperature register and three temperature trip point registers are in twos complement format. The temperature register has a 12-bit resolution with 256°C range with 1 LSB = 0.0625°C (256°C/212); see Table 10. The temperature data in the three temperature trip point registers (alarm upper, alarm lower, and critical) is a 10-bit format with 256°C range with 1 LSB = 0.25°C (see the bit maps in the Alarm Temperature Lower Boundary Trip Register (Read/Write) section, the Critical Temperature Trip Register (Read/Write) section, and the Temperature Value Register (Read Only) section.) Bit D12 in all these registers represents the sign bit such that 0 = positive temperature and 1 = negative temperature. In twos complement format, the data bits are inverted and add 1 if Bit D12 (the sign bit) is negative. Although one LSB of the ADC corresponds to 0.0625°C, the ADC can theoretically measure a temperature range of 255°C (−128°C to +127°C ). The ADT7408 is guaranteed to measure a low value temperature limit of −55°C to a high value temperature limit of +125°C. Reading back the temperature from the temperature value register requires a 2-byte read. Designers accustomed to using a 9-bit temperature data format can still use the ADT7408 by ignoring the last three LSBs of the 12-bit temperature value. Table 10. 12-Bit Temperature Data Format Temperature Conversion Formulas 12-Bit Temperature Data Format Positive Temperature = ADC Code(d)/16 Similarly, Bit D12 (the sign bit) is not included in the ADC code, but the sign is inserted in the final result. This ADC code contains DB2 to DB11. DB0 to DB1 are not in this calculation. (1) Negative Temperature = (ADC Code(d) − 4096)/16 (2) where d is the 12-bit digital output in decimal. Note that Bit D12 (the sign bit) is not included in the ADC code, but the sign is inserted in the final result. Table 10 tabulates some temperature results vs. digital outputs. 10-Bit Temperature Data Format Positive Temperature = ADC Code(d)/4 (3) Negative Temperature = (ADC Code(d) − 1024)/4 (4) Digital Output (Binary) D12 to D0 1 1100 1001 0000 1 1100 1110 0000 1 1110 0110 1111 1 1111 1111 1111 0 0000 0000 0000 0 0000 0000 0001 0 0000 1010 0000 0 0001 1001 0000 0 0011 0010 0000 0 0100 1011 0000 0 0110 0100 0000 0 0111 1101 0000 Rev. 0 | Page 15 of 24 Digital Output (Hex) C90 CE0 E6F FFF 000 0x001 0x0A0 0x190 0x320 0x4B0 0x640 0x7D0 Temperature −55°C −50°C −25°C −0.0625°C 0°C +0.0625°C +10°C +25°C +50°C +75°C +100°C +125°C ADT7408 EVENT PIN FUNCTIONALITY Critical Trip Figure 12 shows the three differently defined outputs of EVENT# corresponding to the temperature change. EVENT# can be programmed to be one of the three output modes in the configuration register. The device can be programmed in such a way that the EVENT# output is triggered only when the temperature exceeds critical trip point. The critical temperature setting is programmed in the critical temperature register. When the temperature sensor reaches the critical temperature value in this register, the device is automatically placed in comparator mode, meaning that the critical event output cannot be cleared through software by setting the clear event bit. If while in interrupt mode the temperature reaches the critical temperature, the device switches to the comparator mode automatically and asserts the EVENT# output. When the temperature drops below the critical temperature, the part switches back to either interrupt mode or comparator mode, as programmed in the configuration register. Interrupt Mode After an event occurs, software can write a 1 to the clear event bit in the configuration register to de-assert the EVENT# interrupt output, until the next trigger condition occurs. Note that Figure 12 is drawn with no hysteresis, but the values programmed into Configuration Register 0x01, Bit[10:9] affect the operation of the event trigger points. See Figure 11 for the explanation of hysteresis functionality. Comparator Mode Reads/writes on the device registers do not affect the EVENT# output in comparator mode. The EVENT# signal remains asserted until the temperature drops outside the range or until the range is reprogrammed such that the current temperature is outside the range. Event Thresholds All event thresholds use hysteresis as programmed in the Configuration Register 0x01, Bit[10:9] to set when they deassert. Alarm Window Trip The device provides a comparison window with an upper temperature trip point in the alarm upper boundary register and a lower trip point in the alarm lower boundary register. When enabled, the EVENT# output is triggered whenever entering or exiting (crossing above or below) the alarm window. TEMPERATURE CRITICAL HYSTERESIS AFFECTS THESE TRIP POINTS ALARM WINDOW TIME S/W CLEARS EVENT EVENT# IN “INTERRUPT” EVENT# IN “COMPARATOR” MODE Figure 12. Temperature, Trip, and Events Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 24 05716-007 EVENT# IN “CRITICAL TEMP ONLY” MODE 1. EVENT# CANNOT BE CLEARED ONCE THE DUT TEMPERATURE IS GREATER THAN THE CRITICAL TEMPERATURE ADT7408 SERIAL INTERFACE The serial bus protocol operates as follows: 2 Control of the ADT7408 is carried out via the SMBus-/I Ccompatible serial interface. The ADT7408 is connected to this bus as a slave and is under the control of a master device. 1. The master initiates data transfer by establishing a start condition, defined as a high-to-low transition on the serial data line SDA, while the serial clock line, SCL, remains high. This indicates that an address/data stream follows. All slave peripherals connected to the serial bus respond to the start condition and shift in the next eight bits, consisting of a 7-bit address (MSB first) plus a R/W bit. The R/W bit determines whether data is written to, or read from, the slave device. 2. The peripheral with the address corresponding to the transmitted address responds by pulling the data line low during the low period before the ninth clock pulse, known as the acknowledge bit. All other devices on the bus now remain idle while the selected device waits for data to be read from or written to it. If the R/W bit is a 0, then the master writes to the slave device. If the R/W bit is a 1, the master reads from the slave device. 3. Data is sent over the serial bus in sequences of nine clock pulses: eight bits of data followed by an acknowledge bit from the receiver of data. Transitions on the data line must occur during the low period of the clock signal and remain stable during the high period, because a low to high transition when the clock is high can be interpreted as a stop signal. 4. When all data bytes have been read or written, stop conditions are established. In write mode, the master pulls the data line high during the 10th clock pulse to assert a stop condition. In read mode, the master device pulls the data line high during the low period before the ninth clock pulse. This is known as no acknowledge. The master then takes the data line low during the low period before the 10th clock pulse, then high during the 10th clock pulse to assert a stop condition. Figure 13 shows a typical SMBus/I2C interface connection. PULLUP VDD VDD ADT7408 10kΩ PULLUP VDD 10kΩ 10kΩ EVENT# SCL A0 SDA A2 05716-008 A1 GND Figure 13. Typical SMBus/I2C Interface Connection Serial Bus Address Like all SMBus-/I2C-compatible devices, the ADT7408 has a 7-bit serial address. The four MSBs of this address for the ADT7408 are set to 0011. The three LSBs are set by Pin 1, Pin 2, and Pin 3 (A0, A1, and A2). These pins can be configured either low or high, permanently or dynamically, to give eight different address options. Table 11 shows the different bus address options available. Recommended pull-up resistor value on the SDA and SCL lines is 2.2 kΩ to 10 kΩ . Table 11. SMBus/I2C Bus Address Options BINARY A6 to A0 0011 0 0 0 0011 0 0 1 0011 0 1 0 0011 0 1 1 0011 1 0 0 0011 1 0 1 0011 1 1 0 0011 1 1 1 HEX 0x18 0x19 0x1A 0x1B 0x1C 0x1D 0x1E 0x1F The ADT7408 has been designed with a SMBus/I2C timeout. The SMBus/I2C interface times out after 75 ms to 100 ms of no activity on the SDA line. After this timeout the ADT7408 resets the SDA line back to its idle state (SDA set to high impedance) and waits for the next start condition. Any number of bytes of data can be transferred over the serial bus in one operation. However, it is not possible to mix read and write in one operation because the type of operation is determined at the beginning and cannot subsequently be changed without starting a new operation. The I2C address set up by the three address pins is not latched by the device until after this address has been sent twice. On the eighth SCL cycle of the second valid communication, the serial bus address is latched in. This is the SCL cycle directly after the device has seen its own I2C serial bus address. Any subsequent changes on this pin have no effect on the I2C serial bus address. Rev. 0 | Page 17 of 24 ADT7408 SMBUS/I2C COMMUNICATIONS The data byte has the most significant bit first. At the end of a read, the ADT7408 accepts either acknowledge (ACK) or no acknowledge (NO ACK) from the master. No acknowledge is typically used as a signal for the slave that the master has read its last byte. It typically takes the ADT7408 100 ms to measure the temperature. The data registers in the ADT7408 are selected by the pointer register. At power-up the pointer register is set to 0x00, the location for the capability register. The pointer register latches the last location to which it was set. Each data register falls into one of the following three types of user accessibility: Writing Data to a Register • Read only • Write only • Write/Read same address With the exception of the pointer register, all other registers are 16 bits wide, so two bytes of data are written to these registers. Writing two bytes of data to these registers consists of the serial bus address, the data register address written to the pointer register, followed by the two data bytes written to the selected data register (see Figure 14). If more than the required number of data bytes is written to a register, then the register ignores these extra data bytes. To write to a different register, another start or repeated start is required. A write to the ADT7408 always includes the address byte and the pointer byte. A write to any register other than the pointer register requires two data bytes. Reading data from the ADT7408 occurs in one of the following two ways: • If the location latched in the pointer register is correct, then the read simply consists of an address byte, followed by retrieving the two data bytes. • If the pointer register needs to be set, then an address byte, pointer byte, repeat start, and another address byte accomplish a read. 1 9 1 9 SCL A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK BY TS START BY MASTER ACK BY TS FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE STOP BY MASTER FRAME 2 POINTER BYTE 1 9 1 9 SCL (CONTINUED) SDA (CONTINUED) D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 FRAME 3 MOST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE D7 ACK BY TS D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 FRAME 4 LEAST SIGNIFICAN DATA BYTE D0 ACK BY TS STOP BY MASTER 05716-009 SDA Figure 14. Writing to the Address Pointer Register, Followed by Two Bytes of Data Rev. 0 | Page 18 of 24 ADT7408 The write operation consists of the serial bus address followed by the pointer byte. No data is written to any of the data registers. Because the location latched in the pointer register is correct, then the read consists of an address byte, followed by retrieving the two data bytes (see Figure 16). Reading Data From the ADT7408 Reading data from the ADT7408 can take place in one of the following two ways: Writing to the Pointer Register for a Subsequent Read To read data from a particular register, the pointer register must contain the address of the data register. If it does not, the correct address must be written to the address pointer register by performing a single-byte write operation (see Figure 15). 1 Reading from Any Pointer Register On the other hand, if the pointer register needs to be set, then an address byte, pointer byte, repeat start, and another address byte accomplish a read (see Figure 17). 9 1 9 SDA A6 START BY MASTER A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W D7 D6 D5 D4 ACK BY TS FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK BY TS FRAME 2 POINTER BYTE STOP BY MASTER Figure 15. Writing to the Address Pointer Register to Select a Register for a Subsequent Read Operation 1 9 1 9 SCL SDA A6 START BY MASTER A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W D15 D14 ACK BY TS FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 FRAME 2 MOST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE 1 D8 ACK BY MASTER 9 SCL (CONTINUED) D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 NO ACK BY MASTER STOP BY MASTER FRAME 3 LEAST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE Figure 16. Reading Back Data from the Register with the Preset Pointer Rev. 0 | Page 19 of 24 05716-011 SDA (CONTINUED) 05716-010 SCL ADT7408 1 9 1 9 SCL SDA A6 A5 A4 START BY MASTER A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W D15 D14 D13 ACK BY TS FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE 1 D12 D11 D10 D9 ACK BY MASTER FRAME 2 POINTER BYTE 9 D8 1 9 SCL (CONTINUED) SDA A6 (CONTINUED) REPEAT START BY MASTER A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D15 R/W D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 ACK BY TS FRAME 3 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE FRAME 4 POINTER BYTE 1 D8 ACK BY MASTER 9 SCL (CONTINUED) D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 NO ACK BY MASTER STOP BY MASTER FRAME 5 LEAST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE Figure 17. A Write to the Pointer Register Followed by a Repeat Start and an Immediate Data-Word Read Rev. 0 | Page 20 of 24 05716-012 SDA (CONTINUED) ADT7408 APPLICATION INFORMATION SELF-HEATING EFFECTS The temperature measurement accuracy of the ADT7408 might be degraded in some applications due to self-heating. Errors can be introduced from the quiescent dissipation and power dissipated when converting. The magnitude of these temperature errors is dependent on the thermal conductivity of the ADT7408 package, the mounting technique, and the effects of airflow. At 25°C, static dissipation in the ADT7408 is typically 778 μW operating at 3.3 V. In the 8-lead LFCSP_VD package mounted in free air, this accounts for a temperature increase due to self-heating of ΔT = PDISS × θJA = 778 μW × 85°C/W = 0.066°C Current dissipated through the device should be kept to a minimum by applying shutdown when the device can be put in the idle state, because it has a proportional effect on the temperature error. SUPPLY DECOUPLING The ADT7408 should be decoupled with a 0.1 μF ceramic capacitor between VDD and GND. This is particularly important when the ADT7408 is mounted remotely from the power supply. Precision analog products, such as the ADT7408, require a wellfiltered power source. Because the ADT7408 operates from a single supply, it might seem convenient to tap into the digital logic power supply. Unfortunately, the logic supply is often a switch-mode design, which generates noise in the 20 kHz to 1 MHz range. In addition, fast logic gates can generate glitches hundreds of mV in amplitude due to wiring resistance and inductance. Local supply bypassing consisting of a 0.1 μF ceramic capacitor is critical for the temperature accuracy specifications to be achieved. This decoupling capacitor must be placed as close as possible to the ADT7408 VDD pin. TTL/CMOS LOGIC CIRCUITS 0.1µF ADT7408 POWER SUPPLY 05176-013 The time required for a temperature sensor to settle to a specified accuracy is a function of the thermal mass of the sensor and the thermal conductivity between the sensor and the object being sensed. Thermal mass is often considered equivalent to capacitance. Thermal conductivity is commonly specified using the symbol Q and can be thought of as thermal resistance. It is commonly specified in units of degrees per watt of power transferred across the thermal joint. Thus, the time required for the ADT7408 to settle to the desired accuracy is dependent on the package selected, the thermal contact established in that particular application, and the equivalent power of the heat source. In most applications, the settling time is best determined empirically. Figure 18. Using Separate Traces to Reduce Power Supply Noise TEMPERATURE MONITORING The ADT7408 is ideal for monitoring the thermal environment within electronic equipment. For example, the surface-mounted package accurately reflects the exact thermal conditions that affect nearby integrated circuits. The ADT7408 measures and converts the temperature at the surface of its own semiconductor chip. When the ADT7408 is used to measure the temperature of a nearby heat source, the thermal impedance between the heat source and the ADT7408 must be considered. Often, a thermocouple or other temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the source, while the temperature is monitored by reading back from the ADT7408 temperature value register. Once the thermal impedance is determined, the heat source temperature can be inferred from the ADT7408 output. As much as 60% of the heat transferred from the heat source to the thermal sensor on the ADT7408 die is discharged via the copper tracks, the package pins, and the bond pads. Of the pins on the ADT7408, the GND pin (VSS pin) transfers most of the heat. Therefore, when the temperature of a heat source is being measured, thermal resistance between the ADT7408 VSS pin and the heat source should be reduced as much as possible. An example of the ADT7408’s unique properties is shown in monitoring a high power dissipation DIMM module. Ideally, the ADT7408 device should be mounted in the middle between the two memory chips’ major heat sources (see Figure 19). The ADT7408 produces a linear temperature output, while needing only two I/O pins and requiring no external characterization. If possible, the ADT7408 should be powered directly from the system power supply. This arrangement, shown in Figure 18, isolates the analog section from the logic switching transients. Even if a separate power supply trace is not available, however, generous supply bypassing reduces supply-line-induced errors. Rev. 0 | Page 21 of 24 BOTTOM MIDDLE TOP RIGHT LEFT SO-DIMM THERMAL SENSOR LOCATIONS Figure 19. Locations of ADT7408 on DIMM Module 05716-014 THERMAL RESPONSE TIME ADT7408 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 3.00 BSC SQ 0.60 MAX 0.50 0.40 0.30 1 8 PIN 1 INDICATOR 0.90 MAX 0.85 NOM SEATING PLANE TOP VIEW 2.75 BSC SQ 0.50 BSC 1.50 REF 5 1.89 1.74 1.59 4 1.60 1.45 1.30 0.70 MAX 0.65 TYP 12° MAX PIN 1 INDICATOR 0.05 MAX 0.01 NOM 0.30 0.23 0.18 0.20 REF Figure 20. 8-Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_VD] 3 mm x 3 mm Body, Very Thin, Dual Lead (CP-8-2) Dimensions shown in millimeters ORDERING GUIDE Model ADT7408CCPZ-R2 2 ADT7408CCPZ-REEL2 ADT7408CCPZ-REEL72 1 2 Temperature Range −20°C to +125°C −20°C to +125°C −20°C to +125°C Temperature Accuracy 1 ±2°C ±2°C ±2°C Package Description 8-Lead LFCSP_VD 8-Lead LFCSP_VD 8-Lead LFCSP_VD Temperature accuracy is over the +75°C to +95°C temperature range. Z = Pb-free part. Rev. 0 | Page 22 of 24 Package Option CP-8-2 CP-8-2 CP-8-2 Ordering Quantity 250 5000 1500 Branding T1M T1M T1M ADT7408 NOTES Rev. 0 | Page 23 of 24 ADT7408 NOTES Purchase of licensed I2C components of Analog Devices or one of its sublicensed Associated Companies conveys a license for the purchaser under the Philips I2C Patent Rights to use these components in an I2C system, provided that the system conforms to the I2C Standard Specification as defined by Philips. © 2006 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D05716-0-3/06(0) Rev. 0 | Page 24 of 24