AS1301 D a ta S he e t 5V/50mA Low Noise Inductorless Boost Converter 1 General Description 2 Key Features The AS1301 is a 50mA inductorless boost converter using a double H-bridge charge-pump topology with two external flying capacitors. The AS1301 runs on a 1MHz fixed frequency and is utilized with a low noise regulation scheme to allow usage together with sensitive RF circuitry from the same battery supply. Designed to reside in portable and space limited equipment the 1MHz charge pump converts a 2.7 to 5.25V input to regulated 5V output with 5% accuracy. The shutdown function reduces the supply current to <5µA and disconnects the load from the output. The integrated soft-start circuitry prevents current spikes being drawn from the battery during start-up. The AS1301 is available in TDFN (3x3x0.8mm) 10-pin and WL-CSP 8-bumps packages. ! Up to 92% Efficiency ! 2.7 to 5.25V Input Voltage ! Regulated 5V Output ! Automatic Mode Up-Switching ! <5µA Shutdown Current ! 5V Tolerant Enable Signal ! Up to 50mA Load Current ! Overload Protection ! Output Disconnected During Shutdown ! Soft Start ! No Inductor Required ! Small External Components Required (COUT ≤2.2µF, CFLY ≤220nF) ! Low Noise Fixed Frequency 1MHz Charge Pump: ! - 1:1 Battery Feed Through Mode - 2:3 Single Phase Mode - 1:2 Dual Phase Mode Package Options: - TDFN (3x3x0.8mm) 10-pin - WL-CSP 8-bumps with 0.5mm pitch 3 Applications The device is ideal for dual/triple AA cells or single Li-Ion battery cell to 5V conversion, mobile phones, portable instruments, microprocessor based systems, remote data-acquisition systems, inductorless DC-DC conversion. Figure 1. Block Diagram CFLY2 CFLY1 C1+ VBATT + C2+ C25V Supply VBATT VOUT CBAT COUT 2.2µF 2.2µF On Off www.austriamicrosystems.com C1- AS1301 EN GND Revision 1.00 1 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Pin Assignments 4 Pin Assignments Figure 2. Pin Assignments (Through View) C2+ 1 AS1301 10 C1EN VOUT 2 GND A1 A2 VOUT B1 B2 VBATT 7 C1+ C1+ C1 C2 C2- 6 EN C2+ D1 D2 C1- 9 VBATT NC 3 8 C2- NC 4 GND NC 5 TDFN (3x3x0.8mm) 10-pin WL-CSP 8-bumps Pin Descriptions Table 1. Pin Descriptions Pin Name EN VOUT C1+ C1C2C2+ VBATT WLP Pinout GND A2 NC NC NC - www.austriamicrosystems.com A1 B1 C1 D2 C2 D1 B2 TDFN Pin Number 6 2 7 10 8 1 9 Exposed Pad 3 4 5 Description Enable (operating if EN=1) Output voltage of the charge pump Connector to flying Cap 1 Connector to flying Cap 1 Connector to flying Cap 2 Connector to flying Cap 2 Supply voltage Ground Leave open or connect to GND Leave open or connect to GND Leave open or connect to GND Revision 1.00 2 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Absolute Maximum Ratings 5 Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses beyond those listed in Table 2 may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in Section 6 Electrical Characteristics on page 4 is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Table 2. Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Min Max Units All pins to GND -0.3 +7.0 V Operating Temperature Range -40 +85 ºC Storage Temperature Range -65 +125 ºC ESD Package Body Temperature www.austriamicrosystems.com 2 +260 Revision 1.00 Notes kV HBM MIL-Std. 883E 3015.7 methods ºC The reflow peak soldering temperature (body temperature) specified is in accordance with IPC/JEDEC J-STD020C “Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification for Non-Hermetic Solid State Surface Mount Devices”. The lead finish for Pb-free leaded packages is matte tin (100% Sn). 3 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Electrical Characteristics 6 Electrical Characteristics VIN = 2.7 to 5.25V, VOUT = 5V, COUT = CBAT = 2.2µF, CFLY1 = CFLY2 =220nF TAMB = -40 to +85ºC. Typical values are at TAMB = +25ºC. Unless otherwise specified. Table 3. Electrical Characteristics Symbol Parameter VON Startup Voltage, Rising VBATT VOFF Startup Voltage, Falling VBATT VBATT Battery Supply Voltage VCP5 Settled Average Output Voltage IOUT Conditions Min Typ Max Units 2.8 2.865 V 2.505 2.7 2.8 V VON/ VOFF 3.6 5.25 V VOUT = 5.1V typ @ no load 4.75 5.0 5.25 V Load Current after startup of 1ms 0 50 mA Vripple Output Voltage Ripple COUT = 2.2µF, 50mA load tSTART Start-up Time 1 ms Iinr Inrush Current 500 mA ΔVO/IO11 Load Regulation in 1:1 Mode VBATT = 5V, IOUT = 10~50mA 2 ΔVO/IO23 Load Regulation in 2:3 Mode VBATT = 4.5V, IOUT = 10~50mA 3 ΔVO/IO12 Load Regulation in 1:2 Mode VBATT = 3.1V, IOUT = 10~50mA 3 η12 Efficiency in Switching Mode VBATT = 3.1V, IOUT = 30mA 90 % η23 Efficiency in Switching Mode VBATT = 3.5V, IOUT = 30mA 90 % fOSC Oscillator Frequency optional selectable 1 MHz tdebup Up Switching Debounce Time 256 µs IOP12 Operating Quiescent Current 1:2 mode without load 1.5 3.5 IOP23 Operating Quiescent Current 2:3 mode without load 1.3 3 IOP11 Operating Current 1:1 Mode without load 0.1 0.3 IOFF Shut Down Current EN = 0V 0.7 5 TOFFL Temperature Shut-down Mode off 145 ºC TOFFH Temperature Shut-down Mode on 170 ºC mVPP 15 mV/mA mA µA Input Levels VIH Input High level VIL Input Low level www.austriamicrosystems.com Pin EN Revision 1.00 1.5 5.5 V 0.0 0.5 V 4 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Ty p i c a l O p e r a t i n g C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s 7 Typical Operating Characteristics VIN = 2.7 to 5.25V, VOUT = 5V, COUT = CBAT = 2.2µF, CFLY1 = CFLY2 =220nF, TAMB = +25ºC. Unless otherwise specified Figure 4. Efficiency vs.Input Voltage, ILOAD=20mA 100 100 90 90 80 80 70 60 50 1:2 mode 2:3 mode 1:1 mode 40 30 Efficiency (%) . Efficiency (%) . Figure 3. Efficiency vs.Input Voltage, ILOAD=10mA 70 60 50 10 10 3.75 4.25 4.75 0 2.75 5.25 3.25 100 100 90 90 80 80 70 50 2:3 mode 1:1 mode 40 30 60 50 10 4.25 4.75 0 2.75 5.25 Figure 7. Efficiency vs.Input Voltage, ILOAD=50mA . 70 1:2 mode 2:3 mode 1:1 mode 40 30 20 10 3.25 3.75 4.25 4.75 5.25 Quiescent Current (mA) 80 Efficiency (%) . 3.25 3.75 4.25 4.75 5.25 3.5 90 0 2.75 1:1 mode Figure 8. Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage 100 50 2:3 mode Input Voltage (V) Input Voltage (V) 60 1:2 mode 30 10 3.75 5.25 40 20 3.25 4.75 70 20 0 2.75 4.25 Figure 6. Efficiency vs.Input Voltage, ILOAD=40mA Efficiency (%) . Efficiency (%) . Figure 5. Efficiency vs.Input Voltage, ILOAD=30mA 1:2 mode 3.75 Input Voltage (V) Input Voltage (V) 60 1:1 mode 30 20 3.25 2:3 mode 40 20 0 2.75 1:2 mode 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 2.25 Input Voltage (V) www.austriamicrosystems.com 3.25 4.25 5.25 Input Voltage (V) Revision 1.00 5 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Ty p i c a l O p e r a t i n g C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s Figure 10. Output Voltage vs. Output Current 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.2 Output Voltage (V) . Output Voltage (V) . Figure 9. Output Voltage vs. Output Current VIN = 3V 5.1 VIN = 4.5V 5 VIN = 5V 4.9 5.1 5 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.7 VIN = 3.5V VIN = 4V 0.1 1 10 0.1 100 1 10 100 Output Current (mA) Output Current (mA) Figure 12. Output Voltage vs. Temp., IOUT = 0.1mA Figure 11. Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage 5.07 5 4 Output Voltage (V) . Output Voltage (V) . VIN = 3.1V 10mA 30mA 50mA 3 2 5.06 VIN = 4.2V VIN = 3.6V 5.05 5.04 1 0 2.75 3.25 3.75 4.25 4.75 5.03 -40 5.25 -15 Figure 13. Output Voltage vs. Temp., IOUT = 10mA 5.02 3 5.01 2 5 60 85 5.07 5.2 VIN = 4.2V VIN = 3.6V 1 4.99 0 4.98 2.75-40 3.25 -15 3.75 10 VIN = 3.1V 5.1 VIN = 3.1V 10mA 30mA 50mA Output Voltage (V) . Output Voltage Voltage (V) (V) .. Output 4 5.03 35 Figure 14. Output Voltage vs. Temp., IOUT = 30mA 5.05 5 5.04 10 Temperature (°C) Input Voltage (V) 4.25 35 4.75 60 5.25 85 5.06 5 VIN = 3.6V VIN = 4.2V 5.05 4.9 VIN = 3.6V 4.8 5.04 4.7 5.03 4.6 -40 -40 -15 -15 10 10 35 35 60 60 85 Temperature (°C) (°C) Temperature Input Voltage (V) Temperature(°C) www.austriamicrosystems.com = 3.1V VINVIN = 4.2V Revision 1.00 6 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Ty p i c a l O p e r a t i n g C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s Figure 16. Efficiency vs. Output Current, VIN = 3.3V 100 100 90 90 80 80 Efficiency (%) . Efficiency (%) . Figure 15. Efficiency vs. Output Current, VIN = 3V 70 60 1:2 mode 50 40 30 70 60 2:3 mode 50 40 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 0.1 1 10 0.1 100 100 100 90 90 80 80 70 2:3 mode 50 10 100 Figure 18. Efficiency vs. Output Current, VIN = 4V 1:2 mode 40 30 Efficiency (%) . Efficiency (%) . Figure 17. Efficiency vs. Output Current, VIN = 3.5V 60 1 Output Current (mA) Output Current (mA) 70 60 2:3 mode 50 1:2 mode 40 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 0.1 1 10 0.1 100 Figure 19. Efficiency vs. Output Current, VIN = 4.3V 90 90 80 80 70 50 1:2 mode 40 30 Efficiency (%) . 100 2:3 mode 10 100 Figure 20. Efficiency vs. Output Current, VIN = 4.7V 100 60 1 Output Current (mA) Output Current (mA) Efficiency (%) . 1:2 mode 70 60 40 30 20 20 10 10 0 2:3 mode 50 0 0.1 1 10 100 0.1 Output Current (mA) www.austriamicrosystems.com 1 10 100 Output Current (mA) Revision 1.00 7 - 16 - Ty p i c a l O p e r a t i n g C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s 2V/Div VOUT EN IBATT 200µs/Div 5V/Div 100mA/Div 2V/Div Figure 24. Start-Up Time, VIN = 5.25V 5V/Div 100mA/Div VOUT Figure 23. Start-Up Time, VIN = 3V IBATT 20mA/Div VOUT VOUT IOUT 20mA/Div 50µs/Div 50µs/Div EN 100mV/Div Figure 22. Load Transient, VIN = 3.6V 50mV/Div Figure 21. Load Transient, VIN = 5.2V IOUT AS1301 Data Sheet 200µs/Div f = 1kHz RLOAD = 1kΩ Duty Cycle = 20% 100mA/Div IBATT VIN VOUT 1V/Div 50mV/Div Figure 25. Line Transient, VIN = 4.5V to 3.5V 200µs/Div www.austriamicrosystems.com Revision 1.00 8 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Detailed Description 8 Detailed Description Operating Principle Functional Description The AS1301 is a high efficiency and low noise switched capacitor DC/DC converter that is capable of boost operation. It is equipped with two built-in coupled H-bridge type switch configurations. Based on the value of the output voltage the system automatically initiates mode up-switching to achieve the highest possible efficiency. The regulation of the output voltage is achieved by a regulation loop, which modulates the on-resistance of the power transistors so that the amount of charge transferred from the input to the output at each clock cycle is controlled and is equal to the charge needed by the load. Regulation Loop The AS1301 operates at constant frequency at any load. For the regulation loop power transistors, a resistor divider, and an error amplifier is used to keep the output voltage within the allowed limits. The error amplifier, including loopfilter and compensation ramp, takes feedback and reference as inputs and generates the error voltage signal. The error voltage is then used as the gate voltage of the power transistor which modulates the on-resistance of the latter. The modulated transistor on-resistance controls the charge transferred from the input to the output and therefore the regulation of the output is realized. Based on adjusting of the amount of charge transferred, this regulation concept delivers the smallest voltage ripple possible. Figure 26. Functional Block Diagram CFLY1 C1+ VBATT C1- CFLY2 C2+ C2VOUT Double-H Bridge Topology + CBAT COUT POR Ref Vctrl Temp Soft Start CLK On Off State Machine & Control Logic Mode Select Vmode trig EN AS1301 GND www.austriamicrosystems.com Revision 1.00 9 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Detailed Description Switch Configuration The AS1301 has nine built-in power switches in the shape of two coupled H-bridge topologies. The system features 1:2 and 2:3 operation mode as well as an 1:1 operation where the input is directly connected to the output. This feedthrough mode is suitable for input voltages higher than the output voltage. In 2:3 operation mode two flying capacitors are placed in series and each capacitor is charged to a half of the input voltage. In pumping phase the flying capacitors are place in parallel. The bottom-plate of the parallel flying capacitors CFLY1 and CFLY2 is then connected to the input voltage so that the voltage at the top-plate of the flying capacitors is boosted to a voltage equal to VBATT+ VBATT/2. By connecting the top-plate of the capacitors to the output, the output voltage in 2:3 mode can be up to one and a half of VBATT. If the top-plate voltage is higher than 5V, the regulation loop adapts the power transistor’s on-resistance to drop some voltage. The 2:3 operation mode runs in single-phase operation only. Figure 27. 2:3 Single Phase Operating Mode Charging Flying Capacitors Generating Output Voltage VOUT VOUT SW1 SW1 SW2 VBATT SW2 CFLY1 CFLY2 VBATT CFLY1 CFLY2 SW3 SW3 SW4 SW4 In 1:2 operation mode just one of both flying capacitors is placed in series to the input voltage, and therefore charged to the input voltage. During pumping phase the input voltage is connected to the bottom of the charged flying capacitor CFLY. The voltage at the top-plate of the capacitor is now boosted to 2VBATT. By connecting the top-plate of the capacitor to the output, the output can be charged to double of VBATT. If the top-plate voltage is higher than 5V the regulation loop limits the charge transfer to the output. In collaboration with the second flying capacitor this mode features dual-phase operation. Figure 28. 1:2 Dual Phase Operating Mode Charging CFLY1, CFLY2 used for output voltage Charging CFLY2, CFLY1 used for output voltage VOUT VOUT SW1 SW1 SW2 VBATT SW2 CFLY1 CFLY2 VBATT CFLY1 CFLY2 SW3 SW3 SW4 www.austriamicrosystems.com SW4 Revision 1.00 10 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Detailed Description Overload Protection When the output voltage drops about 200mV below battery voltage due to very high load the AS1301 enters overload protection condition. In this condition the output is connected to the input via a current limiting connection. Once the overload is removed, the device enters soft start periode and ramps up to the nominal output voltage. Undervoltage Lockout The AS1301 is equipped with an undervoltage lockout functionality. If the battery voltage drops below 2.7V (typ) the device enters the undervoltage lockout condition. The device remains in this condition until the battery voltage is high enough to enter the soft start period. An internal hysteresis of 100mV will prevent ringing during startup. If the input voltage climbs back to 2.8V (typ) after such a condition the device will turn-on automatically again. Shutdown Mode The AS1301 enters low-power shutdown mode when EN is logic low. In shutdown the charge-pump action is halted, the output is completely disconnected from the input and VOUT will drop to 0V. During shutdown the output voltage can be forced higher then the input voltage, because the permanent monitoring of the input- and output voltage will prevent an erroneous current form the output back to the input during shutdown. Thermal Shutdown The AS1301 offers thermal shutdown, which prevents eventual damage due to an over-temperature condition. Thermal shutdown will be initiated if the junction temperature exceeds 145°C. If the temperature drops below this value, the thermal shutdown will be released automatically and the device will resume operation. www.austriamicrosystems.com Revision 1.00 11 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Application Information 9 Application Information External Component Selection The high internal oscillator frequency of 1MHz permits the use of small capacitors for both the flying capacitors and the output capacitors. For any given load value of the flying- and output capacitors as well as their ESR are affecting the output voltage performance. In general, the capacitor’s ESR is inversely proportional to its physical size. Larger capacitances and higher voltage ratings tend to reduce ESR. The ESR is a function of the frequency too, so it must be rated at the devices operating frequency. Another factor affecting capacitor ESR is temperature. Note: Many capacitors have a huge capacity variation over temperature. This can be compensated by choosing a capacitor with a better thermal coefficient or by choosing a larger nominal value to ensure proper operation over temperature. Input and Output Capacitor Selection It is not critical which type of input bypass capacitor CBAT and output filter capacitor COUT is used, but it will still affect the performance of the charge-pump. Low ESR capacitors should be used to minimize VOUT ripple. Multi-layer ceramic capacitors are recommended since they have extremely low ESR and are available in small footprints. Input Capacitor An 1.2µF/2.2µF input bypass low ESR capacitor such as tantalum or ceramic is recommended to reduce noise and supply transients. During startup and mode change it supplies part of the peak input current drawn by the device. Table 4. Recommended Input Capacitor Part Number C GRM21BR71A225KA01 2.2µF TC Code Rated Voltage Dimensions (L/W/T) X7R 10V 2x1.2x1.35mm Manufacturer Murata www.murata.com Output Capacitor The output capacitor is charged to the VOUT voltage during pumping phase. The ESR of the output capacitor introduces steps in the output voltage waveform whenever the charge pump charges COUT. These steps contribute to the ripple voltage of VOUT. Therefore, ceramic or tantalum low ESR capacitors are recommended for COUT to minimize the output voltage ripple. Table 5. Recommended Output Capacitor Part Number C GRM21BR71A225KA01 2.2µF TC Code Rated Voltage Dimensions (L/W/T) X7R 10V 2x1.2x1.35mm Manufacturer Murata www.murata.com Charge-Pump Capacitor Selection To ensure the required output current and avoid high peak currents the values of the flying capacitors CFLY1 and CFLY2 are very critical. A 120nF capacitor is sufficient for most applications. Dependent on the operation mode the AS1301 alternately charges and discharges the CFLY1/2 . While the ESR of the output capacitor produces part of the output voltage ripple, the voltage drop caused by the ESR of the flying capacitors affects the maximum available output voltage. Therefore low ESR capacitors, e.g. tantalum or ceramic, are recommended for the flying capacitors as well. Table 6. Recommended Charge-Pump Capacitor Part Number C GRM188R71E224KA88 220nF www.austriamicrosystems.com TC Code Rated Voltage X7R 25V Revision 1.00 Dimensions (L/W/T) 1.6x0.8x0.87mm Manufacturer Murata www.murata.com 12 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Package Drawings and Markings 10 Package Drawings and Markings The device is available in a TDFN (3x3x0.8mm) 10-pin and WL-CSP 8-bumps package. Figure 29. TDFN (3x3x0.8mm) 10-pin package Diagram D2 SEE DETAIL B A D D2/2 B 2x E E2 E2/2 NX L aaa C PIN 1 INDEX AREA (D/2 xE/2) 4 NX K PIN 1 INDEX AREA (D/2 xE/2) 4 aaa C N N-1 10 2x NX b e TOP VIEW 6 e (ND-1) X e ddd bbb C 5 C A B BTM VIEW 5 Terminal Tip A3 ccc C A C SEATING PLANE A1 10 NX 0.08 C SIDE VIEW Datum A or B ODD TERMINAL SIDE Table 7. TDFN (3x3x0.8mm) 10-pin package Dimensions Symbol Min Typ Max A 0.70 0.75 0.80 A1 0.00 0.02 0.05 A3 0.20 REF L1 0.03 0.15 L2 0.13 aaa 0.15 bbb 0.10 ccc 0.10 ddd 0.05 eee 0.08 ggg 0.10 Symbol D BSC E BSC D2 E2 L θ k b e N ND Min 2.20 1.40 0.30 0º 0.20 0.18 Typ 3.00 3.00 0.40 0.25 0.50 10 5 Max 2.70 1.75 0.50 0.30 Note: 1. Dimensioning and tolerancing conform to ASME Y14.5M-1994. 2. All dimensions are in millimeters, angle is in degrees. 3. N is the total number of terminals. www.austriamicrosystems.com Revision 1.00 13 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Package Drawings and Markings Figure 30. WL-CSP 8-bumps Package Diagram www.austriamicrosystems.com Revision 1.00 14 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Ordering Information 11 Ordering Information Table 8. Ordering Information Part Marking AS1301A-BWLT ASO4 AS1301A-BTDT ASO4 www.austriamicrosystems.com Description 5V/50mA Low Noise Inductorless Boost Converter 5V/50mA Low Noise Inductorless Boost Converter Revision 1.00 Delivery Form Package T&R WL-CSP 8-bumps T&R TDFN (3x3x0.8mm) 10-pin 15 - 16 AS1301 Data Sheet - Ordering Information Copyrights Copyright © 1997-2007, austriamicrosystems AG, Schloss Premstaetten, 8141 Unterpremstaetten, Austria-Europe. Trademarks Registered ®. All rights reserved. The material herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. All products and companies mentioned are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Disclaimer Devices sold by austriamicrosystems AG are covered by the warranty and patent indemnification provisions appearing in its Term of Sale. austriamicrosystems AG makes no warranty, express, statutory, implied, or by description regarding the information set forth herein or regarding the freedom of the described devices from patent infringement. austriamicrosystems AG reserves the right to change specifications and prices at any time and without notice. Therefore, prior to designing this product into a system, it is necessary to check with austriamicrosystems AG for current information. This product is intended for use in normal commercial applications. Applications requiring extended temperature range, unusual environmental requirements, or high reliability applications, such as military, medical life-support or life-sustaining equipment are specifically not recommended without additional processing by austriamicrosystems AG for each application. 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Contact Information Headquarters austriamicrosystems AG A-8141 Schloss Premstaetten, Austria Tel: +43 (0) 3136 500 0 Fax: +43 (0) 3136 525 01 For Sales Offices, Distributors and Representatives, please visit: http://www.austriamicrosystems.com/contact www.austriamicrosystems.com Revision 1.00 16 - 16