MAXIM MAX3625CUG+

19-1010; Rev 0; 10/07
Low-Jitter, Precision Clock Generator
with Three Outputs
Features
♦ Crystal Oscillator Interface: 24.8MHz to 27MHz
The MAX3625 is a low-jitter precision clock generator
optimized for networking applications. The device integrates a crystal oscillator and a phase-locked loop
(PLL) clock multiplier to generate high-frequency clock
outputs for Ethernet, 10G Fibre Channel, and other networking applications.
Maxim’s proprietary PLL design features ultra-low jitter
and excellent power-supply noise rejection, minimizing
design risk for network equipment.
The MAX3625 has three LVPECL outputs. Selectable
output dividers and a selectable feedback divider allow
a range of output frequencies.
♦ CMOS Input: Up to 320MHz
♦ Output Frequencies
Ethernet: 125MHz, 156.25MHz, 312.5MHz
10G Fibre Channel: 159.375MHz, 318.75MHz
♦ Low Jitter
0.14psRMS (1.875MHz to 20MHz)
0.38psRMS (12kHz to 20MHz)
♦ Excellent Power-Supply Noise Rejection
♦ No External Loop Filter Capacitor Required
Ordering Information
Applications
Ethernet Networking Equipment
PART
Fibre Channel Storage Area Network
MAX3625CUG+
TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
0°C to +70°C
24 TSSOP
PKG
CODE
U24-1
+Denotes a lead-free package.
Pin Configuration and Typical Application Circuit appear at
end of data sheet.
Block Diagram
MR
IN_SEL
BYPASS
SELA[1:0]
QA_OE
SELA[1:0]
SELB[1:0]
FB_SEL
BYPASS
RESET LOGIC/POR
RESET
DIVIDER
NA
LVPECL
BUFFER
QA
QA
RESET
0
LVCMOS
0
REF_IN
620MHz TO 648MHz
PFD
27pF
1
X_IN
FILTER
VCO
1
RESET
RESET
DIVIDER
M
DIVIDER
NB
CRYSTAL
OSCILLATOR
X_OUT
LVPECL
BUFFER
QB1
QB1
QB_OE
33pF
DIVIDERS:
LVPECL
BUFFER
M = 24, 25
NA = 1, 2, 4, 5
NB = 1, 2, 4, 5
MAX3625
FB_SEL
QB0
QB0
SELB[1:0]
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
1
MAX3625
General Description
MAX3625
Low-Jitter, Precision Clock Generator
with Three Outputs
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage Range VCC, VCCA,
VCCO_A, VCCO_B ..............................................-0.3V to +4.0V
Voltage Range at REF_IN, IN_SEL,
FB_SEL, SELA[1:0], SELB[1:0],
QA_OE, QB_OE, MR, BYPASS ..............-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V)
Voltage Range at X_IN Pin ...................................-0.3V to +1.2V
Voltage Range at X_OUT Pin ......................-0.3V to (VCC - 0.6V)
Current into QA, QA, QB0, QB0, QB1, QB1 .....................-56mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
24-Pin TSSOP (derate 13.9mW/°C above +70°C) .....1111mW
Operating Junction Temperature Range ...........-55°C to +150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = +3.0V to +3.6V, TA = 0°C to +70°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +3.3V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise
noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
Power-Supply Current (Note 3)
SYMBOL
ICC
TYP
MAX
IN_SEL = high
CONDITIONS
MIN
72
98
IN_SEL = low
74
UNITS
mA
CONTROL INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
(SELA[1:0], SELB[1:0], FB_SEL, IN_SEL, QA_OE, QB_OE, MR, BYPASS Pins)
Input Capacitance
Input Pulldown Resistor
Input Logic Bias Resistor
Input Pullup Resistor
CIN
2
pF
75
k
Pins SELA[1:0], SELB[1:0]
50
k
Pins QA_OE, QB_OE, IN_SEL, BYPASS
75
k
RPULLDOWN Pins MR, FB_SEL
RBIAS
RPULLUP
LVPECL OUTPUTS (QA, QA, QB0, QB0, QB1, QB1 Pins)
Output High Voltage
VOH
VCC 1.13
VCC 0.98
VCC 0.83
V
Output Low Voltage
VOL
VCC 1.85
VCC 1.7
VCC 1.55
V
Peak-to-Peak Output-Voltage
Swing (Single-Ended)
(Note 2)
0.6
0.72
0.9
VP-P
Clock Output Rise/Fall Time
20% to 80% (Note 2)
200
350
600
ps
PLL enabled
48
50
52
PLL bypassed (Note 4)
45
50
55
Output Duty-Cycle Distortion
%
LVCMOS/LVTTL INPUTS
(SELA[1:0], SELB[1:0], FB_SEL, IN_SEL, QA_OE, QB_OE, MR, BYPASS Pins)
Input-Voltage High
VIH
Input-Voltage Low
VIL
Input High Current
I IH
VIN = VCC
Input Low Current
I IL
VIN = 0V
2
2.0
-80
_______________________________________________________________________________________
V
0.8
V
80
μA
μA
Low-Jitter, Precision Clock Generator
with Three Outputs
(VCC = +3.0V to +3.6V, TA = 0°C to +70°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +3.3V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise
noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
REF_IN SPECIFICATIONS (Input DC- or AC-Coupled)
PLL enabled
Reference Clock Frequency
24.8
27.0
PLL bypassed
Input-Voltage High
VIH
Input-Voltage Low
VIL
Input High Current
I IH
Input Low Current
I IL
Reference Clock Duty Cycle
320
2.0
V
VIN = VCC
VIN = 0V
PLL enabled
0.8
V
240
μA
-240
μA
30
Input Capacitance
MHz
70
2.5
%
pF
CLOCK OUTPUT AC SPECIFICATIONS
VCO Frequency Range
620
648
0.36
1.875MHz to 20MHz
0.14
Deterministic Jitter Induced by
Power-Supply Noise
(Notes 6, 7, and 8)
5.6
psP-P
Spurs Induced by Power-Supply
Noise
(Notes 6, 8, and 9)
-54
dBc
-70
dBc
5
ps
Random Jitter (Note 6)
RJRMS
Nonharmonic and Subharmonic
Spurs
Output Skew
Between any output pair
Clock Output SSB Phase Noise
at 125MHz (Note 10)
f = 1kHz
-124
f = 10kHz
-127
f = 100kHz
-131
f = 1MHz
-145
f > 10MHz
-153
1.0
MHz
12kHz to 20MHz
psRMS
dBc/Hz
A series resistor of up to 10.5Ω is allowed between VCC and VCCA for filtering supply noise when system power-supply
tolerance is VCC = 3.3V ±5%. See Figure 1.
Note 2: LVPECL outputs guaranteed up to 320MHz.
Note 3: All outputs enabled and unloaded.
Note 4: Measured with a crystal (see Table 4) or an AC-coupled, 50% duty-cycle signal on REF_IN.
Note 5: Measured using setup shown in Figure 1.
Note 6: Measured with crystal source, see Table 4.
Note 7: Measured with Agilent DSO81304A 40GS/s real-time oscilloscope.
Note 8: Measured with 40mVP-P, 100kHz sinusoidal signal on the supply.
Note 9: Measured at 156.25MHz output.
Note 10: Measured with 25MHz crystal or 25MHz reference clock at REF_IN with a slew rate of 0.5V/ns or greater.
Note 1:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
MAX3625
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics
(Typical values are at VCC = +3.3V, TA = +25°C, crystal frequency = 25MHz.)
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3625 toc02
ALL OUTPUTS ACTIVE AND TERMINATED
175
150
125
100
NOISE POWER DENSITY (dBc/Hz)
AMPLITUDE (200mv/div)
200
ALL OUTPUTS ACTIVE AND UNTERMINATED
75
50
MAX3625 toc03
-80
MAX3625 toc01
225
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
PHASE NOISE AT 312.5MHz
CLOCK FREQUENCY
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT WAVEFORM
AT 156.25MHz
250
-90
-100
-110
-120
-130
-140
-150
25
-160
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0.1
1ns/div
-100
-110
-120
-130
-140
-100
-120
-130
-140
-160
-160
10
100
DJ = 5.6psP-P
-110
-150
1
1000 10,000 100,000
DJ + RJ = 14psP-P
0.1
OFFSET FREQUENCY (kHz)
1
10
100
1000 10,000 100,000
5ps/div
OFFSET FREQUENCY (kHz)
0
fC = 312.5MHz
NOISE AMPLITUDE = 40mVP-P
-10
SPUR POWER (dBc)
-20
MAX3625 toc07
SPURS INDUCED BY POWER-SUPPLY NOISE
vs. NOISE FREQUENCY
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
10
100
1000
10,000
NOISE FREQUENCY (kHz)
4
1000 10,000 100,000
MAX3625 toc05
-90
-150
0.1
100
MAX3625 toc06
-80
NOISE POWER DENSITY (dBc/Hz)
MAX3625 toc04
-90
10
JITTER HISTOGRAM (312.5MHz OUTPUT,
40mVP-P SUPPLY NOISE AT 100kHz)
PHASE NOISE AT 156.25MHz
CLOCK FREQUENCY
PHASE NOISE AT 125MHz
CLOCK FREQUENCY
-80
1
OFFSET FREQUENCY (kHz)
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
NOISE POWER DENSITY (dBc/Hz)
MAX3625
Low-Jitter, Precision Clock Generator
with Three Outputs
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Jitter, Precision Clock Generator
with Three Outputs
PIN
NAME
1, 24
SELB0,
SELB1
LVCMOS/LVTTL Inputs. Control NB divider setting. Has 50kΩ input impedance. See Table 2 for more
information.
FUNCTION
2
BYPASS
LVCMOS/LVTTL Input (Active Low). Connect low to bypass the internal PLL. Connect high or leave open
for normal operation. When in bypass mode the output dividers are set to divide by 1. Has internal 75kΩ
pullup to VCC.
3
MR
4
VCCO_A
5
QA
Noninverting Clock Output, LVPECL
6
QA
Inverting Clock Output, LVPECL
7
QB_OE
LVCMOS/LVTTL Input. Enables/disables QB clock outputs. Connect pin high or leave open to enable
LVPECL clock outputs QB0 and QB1. Connect low to set QB0 and QB1 to a logic 0. Has internal 75kΩ
pullup to VCC.
8
QA_OE
LVCMOS/LVTTL Input. Enables/disables the QA clock output. Connect this pin high or leave open to
enable the LVPECL clock output QA. Connect low to set QA to a logic 0. Has internal 75kΩ pullup to VCC.
9
FB_SEL
LVCMOS/LVTTL Input. Controls M divider setting. See Table 3 for more information. Has internal 75kΩ
pulldown to GND.
10
VCCA
LVCMOS/LVTTL Input. Master reset input. Pulse high for > 1µs to reset all dividers. Has internal 75kΩ
pulldown to GND. Not required for normal operation.
Power Supply for QA Clock Output. Connect to +3.3V.
Analog Power Supply for the VCO. Connect to +3.3V. For additional power-supply noise filtering, this pin
can connect to VCC through 10.5Ω as shown in Figure 1 (requires VCC = 3.3V ±5%).
11
VCC
12, 13
SELA0,
SELA1
Core Power Supply. Connect to +3.3V.
LVCMOS/LVTTL Inputs. Control NA divider setting. See Table 2 for more information. 50kΩ input
impedance.
14
GND
15
X_OUT
16
X_IN
17
REF_IN
LVCMOS Reference Clock Input. Self-biased to allow AC- or DC-coupling.
IN_SEL
LVCMOS/LVTTL Input. Connect high or leave open to use a crystal. Connect low to use REF_IN. Has
internal 75kΩ pullup to VCC.
18
Supply Ground
Crystal Oscillator Output
Crystal Oscillator Input
19
QB1
20
QB1
LVPECL, Noninverting Clock Output
21
QB0
LVPECL, Inverting Clock Output
LVPECL, Inverting Clock Output
22
QB0
23
VCCO_B
LVPECL, Noninverting Clock Output
Power Supply for QB0 and QB1 Clock Output. Connect to +3.3V.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
MAX3625
Pin Description
MAX3625
Low-Jitter, Precision Clock Generator
with Three Outputs
Detailed Description
The MAX3625 is a low-jitter clock generator designed
to operate at Ethernet and Fibre Channel frequencies. It
consists of an on-chip crystal oscillator, PLL, programmable dividers, and LVPECL output buffers. Using a
low-frequency clock (crystal or CMOS input) as a reference, the internal PLL generates a high-frequency output clock with excellent jitter performance.
Crystal Oscillator
An integrated oscillator provides the low-frequency reference clock for the PLL. This oscillator requires an
external crystal connected between X_IN and X_OUT.
Crystal frequency is 24.8MHz to 27MHz.
Applications Information
Power-Supply Filtering
The MAX3625 is a mixed analog/digital IC. The PLL
contains analog circuitry susceptible to random noise.
In addition to excellent on-chip power-supply noise
rejection, the MAX3625 provides a separate powersupply pin, VCCA, for the VCO circuitry. Figure 1 illustrates the recommended power-supply filter network for
V CCA . The purpose of this design technique is to
ensure a clean power supply to the VCO circuitry and
to improve the overall immunity to power-supply noise.
This network requires that the power supply is +3.3V
±5%. Decoupling capacitors should be used on all
supply pins for best performance.
REF_IN Buffer
An LVCMOS-compatible clock source can be connected to REF_IN to serve as the reference clock.
The LVCMOS REF_IN buffer is internally biased to the
threshold voltage (1.4V typ) to allow AC- or DC-coupling, and is designed to operate up to 320MHz.
PLL
The PLL takes the signal from the crystal oscillator or
reference clock input and synthesizes a low-jitter, highfrequency clock. The PLL contains a phase-frequency
detector (PFD), a lowpass filter, and a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with a 620MHz to 648MHz operating range. The VCO is connected to the PFD input
through a feedback divider. See Table 3 for divider values. The PFD compares the reference frequency to the
divided-down VCO output (fVCO/M) and generates a
control signal that keeps the VCO locked to the reference clock. The high-frequency VCO output clock is
sent to the output dividers. To minimize noise-induced
jitter, the VCO supply (VCCA) is isolated from the core
logic and output buffer supplies.
Output Dividers
The output dividers are programmable to allow a range of
output frequencies. See Table 2 for the divider input settings. The output dividers are automatically set to divide by
1 when the MAX3625 is in bypass mode (BYPASS = 0).
Output Divider Configuration
Table 2 shows the input settings required to set the output dividers. Note that when the MAX3625 is in bypass
mode (BYPASS set low), the output dividers are automatically set to divide by 1.
PLL Divider Configuration
Table 3 shows the input settings required to set the PLL
feedback divider.
Crystal Selection
The crystal oscillator is designed to drive a fundamental mode, AT-cut crystal resonator. See Table 4 for recommended crystal specifications. See Figure 3 for
external capacitance connection.
Crystal Input Layout
The crystal, trace, and two external capacitors should
be placed on the board as close as possible to the
MAX3625’s X_IN and X_OUT pins to reduce crosstalk
of active signals into the oscillator. The example layout
shown in Figure 3 gives approximately 3pF of trace
plus footprint capacitance per side of the crystal. The
dielectric material is FR-4 and dielectric thickness of
the reference board is 15 mils. Using a 25MHz crystal
and the capacitor values of C10 = 27pF and C9 =
33pF, the measured output frequency accuracy is
-14ppm at +25°C ambient temperature.
LVPECL Drivers
The high-frequency outputs—QA, QB0, and QB1—are
differential PECL buffers designed to drive transmission
lines terminated with 50Ω to VCC - 2.0V. The maximum
operating frequency is specified up to 320MHz. The
outputs can be disabled, if not used. The outputs go to
a logic 0 when disabled.
+3.3V ±5%
VCC
0.01μF
10.5Ω
VCCA
Reset Logic/POR
During power-on, a power-on reset (POR) signal is generated to synchronize all dividers. An external master
reset (MR) signal is not required.
6
0.01μF
Figure 1. Analog Supply Filtering
_______________________________________________________________________________________
10μF
Low-Jitter, Precision Clock Generator
with Three Outputs
MAX3625
Table 1. Output Frequency Determination Chart
CRYSTAL OR
CMOS INPUT
FREQUENCY
(MHz)
FEEDBACK
DIVIDER, M
VCO
FREQUENCY
(MHz)
25
25
625
5
125
25.78125
25
644.53125
4
161.132812
26.04166
24
625
26.5625
24
637.5
OUTPUT
DIVIDER,
NA AND NB
OUTPUT
FREQUENCY
(MHz)
2
312.5
4
156.25
2
312.5
4
156.25
5
125
2
318.75
4
159.375
APPLICATIONS
Ethernet
10Gbps Ethernet
Ethernet
10G Fibre Channel
Table 2. Output Divider Configuration Chart
INPUT
NA/NB DIVIDER
SELA1/SELB1
SELA0/SELB0
0
0
/ 1*
0
1
/ 2*
1
0
/4
1
1
/5
*Maximum guaranteed output frequency is 320MHz.
Table 3. PLL Divider Configuration Chart
FB_SEL INPUT
M DIVIDER
0
/ 25
1
/ 24
Figure 2. Crystal Layout
Table 4. Crystal Selection Parameters
SYMBOL
MIN
Crystal Oscillation
PARAMETER
fOSC
24.8
Shunt Capacitance
CO
2.0
Load Capacitance
CL
18
Equivalent Series
Resistance (ESR)
RS
Maximum Crystal
Drive Level
TYP
MAX
UNITS
27
MHz
7.0
pF
pF
50
300
Ω
27pF
X_IN
CRYSTAL
(CL = 18pF)
X_OUT
33pF
µW
Figure 3. Crystal, Capacitors Connection
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
MAX3625
Low-Jitter, Precision Clock Generator
with Three Outputs
+3.3V
VCC
VB = 1.4V
130Ω
130Ω
VCC
MAX3625 Qx
Z0 = 50Ω
Qx
Z0 = 50Ω
HIGH
IMPEDANCE
82Ω
82Ω
VB
14.5kΩ
VB
REF_IN
Figure 4. Thevenin Equivalent of Standard PECL Termination
ESD
STRUCTURES
0.1μF
Z0 = 50Ω
Qx
100Ω
MAX3625
0.1μF
Figure 6. Simplified REF_IN Pin Circuit Schematic
HIGH
IMPEDANCE
Z0 = 50Ω
Qx
150Ω
VCC
150Ω
NOTE: AC-COUPLING IS OPTIONAL.
Qx
Figure 5. AC-Coupled PECL Termination
Qx
Interfacing with LVPECL Outputs
The equivalent LVPECL output circuit is given in Figure 7.
These outputs are designed to drive a pair of 50Ω transmission lines terminated with 50Ω to VTT = VCC - 2V. If a
separate termination voltage (VTT) is not available, other
terminations methods can be used such as shown in
Figures 4 and 5. Unused outputs should be disabled and
may be left open. For more information on LVPECL terminations and how to interface with other logic families,
refer to Maxim Application Note HFAN-01.0: Introduction
to LVDS, PECL, and CML.
ESD
STRUCTURES
Figure 7. Simplified LVPECL Output Circuit Schematic
Interface Models
Figures 6 and 7 show examples of interface models.
8
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Jitter, Precision Clock Generator
with Three Outputs
Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
24 SELB1
SELB0 1
23 VCCO_B
BYPASS 2
MR 3
22 QB0
VCCO_A 4
21 QB0
QA 5
20 QB1
19 QB1
QA 6
QB_OE 7
MAX3625
18 IN_SEL
QA_OE 8
17 REF_IN
FB_SEL 9
16 X_IN
VCCA 10
15 X_OUT
VCC 11
14 GND
SELA0 12
13 SELA1
TSSOP
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 10,670
PROCESS: BiCMOS
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9
MAX3625
Layout Considerations
The inputs and outputs are critical paths for the
MAX3625, and care should be taken to minimize discontinuities on these transmission lines. Here are some
suggestions for maximizing the MAX3625’s performance:
• An uninterrupted ground plane should be positioned beneath the clock I/Os.
• Supply and ground pin vias should be placed
close to the IC and the input/output interfaces to
allow a return current path to the MAX3625 and the
receive devices.
• Supply decoupling capacitors should be placed
close to the MAX3625 supply pins.
• Maintain 100Ω differential (or 50Ω single-ended)
transmission line impedance out of the MAX3625.
• Use good high-frequency layout techniques and
multilayer boards with an uninterrupted ground
plane to minimize EMI and crosstalk.
Refer to the MAX3625 Evaluation Kit for more information.
Low-Jitter, Precision Clock Generator
with Three Outputs
MAX3625
Typical Application Circuit
+3.3V ±5%
0.01μF
10.5Ω
VCC
10μF
VCCO_A
0.1μF
VCCO_B
0.1 μF
VCCA
QA
Z0 = 50Ω
REF_IN
QA
Z0 = 50Ω
ASIC
0.01μF
312.5MHz
150Ω
IN_SEL
0.1 μF
FB_SEL
QA_OE
VCC
0.1 μF
150Ω
MAX3625
QB_OE
QB0
Z0 = 50Ω
QB0
Z0 = 50Ω
ASIC
156.25MHz
150Ω
BYPASS
0.1 μF
150Ω
SELA0
SELB1
0.1 μF
SELB0
SELA1
QB1
Z0 = 50Ω
QB1
Z0 = 50Ω
ASIC
MR
X_OUT
X_IN
GND
156.25MHz
150Ω
0.1 μF
150Ω
26.0416MHz
(CL = 18pF)
33pF
27pF
Package Information
For the latest package outline information, go to
www.maxim-ic.com/packages.
PACKAGE TYPE
DOCUMENT NO.
24 TSSOP
21-0066
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
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