MAXIM MAX9888

19-5235; Rev 0; 6/10
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Features
S 100dB DR Stereo DAC (8kHz < fS < 96kHz)
S 91dB DR Stereo ADC (8kHz < fS < 96kHz)
S Stereo Low EMI Class D Amplifiers
950mW/Channel (8I, VSPKVDD_ = 4.2V)
S Stereo DirectDrive Headphone Amplifiers
S Differential Receiver Amplifier
S 2 Stereo Single-Ended/Mono Differential Line
Inputs
S 3 Differential Microphone Inputs
S FLEXSOUND Technology
5-Band Parametric EQ
Automatic Level Control (ALC)
Excursion Limiter
Speaker Power Limiter
Speaker Distortion Limiter
Microphone Automatic Gain Control
and Noise Gate
S Dual I2S/PCM/TDM Digital Audio Interfaces
S Asynchronous Digital Mixing
S Supports Master Clock Frequencies from 10MHz
to 60MHz
S RF Immune Analog Inputs and Outputs
S Extensive Click-and-Pop Reduction Circuitry
S I2C Control Interface
S 63 WLP Package (3.80mm x 3.30mm, 0.4mm Pitch)
The MAX9888 is a full-featured audio CODEC whose
high performance and low power consumption make it
ideal for portable applications.
Class D speaker amplifiers provide efficient amplification
for two speakers. Low radiated emissions enable completely filterless operation. Integrated bypass switches
optionally connect an external amplifier to the transducer
when the Class D amplifiers are disabled.
DirectDrive® headphone amplifiers provide a true
ground-referenced output, eliminating the need for
large DC-blocking capacitors. 1.8V headphone operation ensures low power consumption. The device also
includes a differential receiver amplifier.
Three differential analog microphone inputs are available
as well as support for two PDM digital microphones.
Integrated switches allow microphone signals to be
routed out to external devices. Two flexible single-ended
or differential line inputs may be connected to an FM
radio or other sources.
Integrated FLEXSOUNDK technology improves loudspeaker performance by optimizing the signal level and
frequency response while limiting the maximum distortion and power at the output to prevent speaker damage.
Automatic gain control (AGC) and a noise gate optimize
the signal level of microphone input signals to make best
use of the ADC dynamic range.
Ordering Information
The device is fully specified over the -40NC to +85NC
extended temperature range.
PART
TEMP RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
MAX9888EWY+
-40NC to +85NC
63 WLP
+Denotes lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
DirectDrive is a registered trademark and FLEXSOUND is a
trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
Simplified Block Diagram
I2C
I2S/PCM
I2S/PCM
CONTROL
DIGITAL
AUDIO
INTERFACE
DIGITAL
AUDIO
INTERFACE
RECEIVER AMP
DIGITAL MICROPHONE
INPUT
SPEAKER AMP
FLEXSOUND TECHNOLOGY
ADC
MIX
LINEIN A1
ADC
LINEIN A2
+
LINEIN B1
• 5-BAND PARAMETRIC EQ
• AUTOMATIC LEVEL CONTROL
• LOUDSPEAKER PROCESSING
• EXCURSION LIMITER
• THD LIMITER
• POWER LIMITER
• MICROPHONE PROCESSING
• AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL
• NOISE GATE
• ASYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL
MIXING
DAC
SPEAKER AMP
MIX
DAC
HEADPHONE AMP
MAX9888
HEADPHONE AMP
LINEIN B2
+
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
MAX9888
General Description
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Table of Contents
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Simplified Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Functional Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Digital Input/Output Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Input Clock Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Audio Interface Timing Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Digital Microphone Timing Characterstics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
I2C Timing Characterstics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Power Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Typical Operating Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Microphone to ADC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Line to ADC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Digital Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Analog Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
DAC to Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Line to Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
DAC to Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Line to Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
DAC to Headphone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Line to Headphone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Speaker Bypass Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Pin Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Pin Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Detailed Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
I2C Slave Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Power Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Microphone Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Line Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
ADC Input Mixers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Record Path Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Microphone AGC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Noise Gate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
2
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
ADC Record Level Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Sidetone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Digital Audio Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Clock Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Passband Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Playback Path Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Automatic Level Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Parametric Equalizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Playback Level Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
DAC Input Mixers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Preoutput Signal Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Preoutput Mixer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Preoutput PGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Receiver Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Receiver Output Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Receiver Output Mixer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Speaker Amplifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Speaker Output Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Speaker Output Mixers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Speaker Amplifier Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Excursion Limiter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Power Limiter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Distortion Limiter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Headphone Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Headphone Output Mixers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Headphone Output Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Output Bypass Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Click-and-Pop Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Jack Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Jack Insertion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Accessory Button Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Jack Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
3
MAX9888
TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)
Battery Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Device Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Device Revision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
I2C Serial Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Bit Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
START and STOP Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Early STOP Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Slave Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Write Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Read Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Applications Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Typical Operating Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Analog Microphones and Bypass Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Digital Microphones and Receiver Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Filterless Class D Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
RF Susceptibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Startup/Shutdown Sequencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Component Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Optional Ferrite Bead Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Input Capacitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Charge-Pump Capacitor Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Charge-Pump Flying Capacitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Charge-Pump Holding Capacitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Unused Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Recommended PCB Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Supply Bypassing, Layout, and Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
WLP Applications Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Package Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
4
C8 INB2
D8 INB1
D9 INA2/EXTMICN
E9 INA1/EXTMICP
G9 MIC2N
F9 MIC2P
MIC2BYP
MIC1N/
F8 DIGMICCLK
MIC1P/
E8 DIGMICDATA
G8 MICBIAS
D6 JACKSNS
INABYP
MBEN
JDETEN
JACK
DETECTION
I2C
REG
EXTMIC
EXTMIC
+
+
PA2EN:
0/20/30dB
PGAINB:
+20dB TO -6dB
INBDIFF
PGAINB:
+20dB TO -6dB
PGAINA:
+20dB TO -6dB
INADIFF
PGAINA:
+20dB TO -6dB
PGAM2:
+20dB TO 0dB
PA1EN:
0/20/30dB
PGAM1:
+20dB TO 0dB
PSCLK
CLOCK
CONTROL
E2
D1
MIXOUT3
MIX
MIXOUT2
MIX
MIXOUT1
MIX
MIXADR
MIX
MIXADL
MIX
MAS1
DAI1
SEL1
ADREN
ADCR
ADCL
ADLEN
BCLKS1
D2
E4
LBEN2
MIX
MUX
AVRG: 0/6/12/18dB
AVR: 3dB TO -2dB
PREOUT3
PGAOUT3:
0dB TO -23dB
PREOUT2
PGAOUT2:
0dB TO -23dB
LTEN1
DATA
INPUT
F2
+
+
PORT S2
EQ2EN
DV1:
0dB TO -15dB
G3
HIZOFF2
SDINS2
MODE1
DVFLT
AUDIO/
VOICE
FILTERS
DCB2
AUDIO/
FILTERS
FLEXSOUND
TECHNOLOGY
DATA
OUTPUT
MAS2
DVEQ2:
0dB TO -15dB
LBEN1
DV2:
0dB TO -15dB
EXCURSION LIMITER
G1
SDOUTS2
FRAME
CLOCK
LRCLK2
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
DVEQ1:
0dB TO -15dB
MULTI BAND ALC
EQ1EN
F3
LRCLKS2
BIT
CLOCK
BCLK2
DV1G:
0/6/12/18dB
MAS2
DAI2
SEL2
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
DVST:
0dB TO -60dB
MODE1
AVFLT
AUDIO/
VOICE
FILTERS
E1
DVDDS1 BCLKS2
HIZOFF1
DATA
OUTPUT
AVLG: 0/6/12/18dB
AVL: 3dB TO -12dB
PREOUT1
D4
SDINS1
NOISE GATE
DSTS
SIDETONE
SDOUT1
MAS1
PORT S1
SDOUTS1
FRAME
CLOCK
PGAOUT1:
0dB TO -23dB
BIT
CLOCK
LRCLK1
AUTOMATIC
GAIN
CONTROL
LRCLKS1
BCLK1
MCLK
SDIN1
E5
SDOUT2
F5
MIXDAR
MIX
MIXDAL
MIX
DATA
INPUT
+9dB
+9dB
+9dB
DAREN
DACR
DALEN
DACL
G4
DVDD
G2
DVDDS2
SDIN2
F4
G5
MIX
SPVOLL:
+8dB TO -62dB
RECVOL:
+8dB TO -62dB
AGND
G7
DGND
F1
MIX
MIXHPR
MIX
MIXHPL
RECEN
0dB
B8
HPVSS C1N
B7
C1P
HPVOLR:
+3dB TO -67dB
HPVOLL:
+3dB TO -67dB
CHARGE
PUMP
HPREN
HPLEN
SPREN
+6dB
A9
SPKBYP
RECBYP
BIAS
POWER/
DISTORTION LIMITER
SPLEN
+6dB
BATTERY ADC
MAX9888
MIXSPR SPVOLR:
+8dB TO -62dB
MIX
MIXSPL
MIX
MIXREC
AVDD
F6
HPGND
HPVDD
HPR
HPSNS
HPL
SPKRGND
SPKRN
SPKRP
SPKRVDD
SPKLGND
SPKLN
SPKLP
SPKLVDD
RECN/
RXINN
A8
A7
C9
C6
B9
A2, B2
A1, B1
C1, C2
C3, D3
C4, C5
A5, B5
A4, B4
A3, B3
B6
A6
G6
REG
RECP/
RXINP
F7
REF
PREG
Functional Diagram
5
MAX9888
SDA SCL IRQ
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Absolute Maximum Ratings
REG, INA1, INA2, INB1, INB2, MIC1P/DIGMICDATA,
MIC1N/DIGMICCLK, MIC2P, MIC2N................-0.3V to +2.2V
HPSNS................................ (HPGND - 0.3V) to (HPGND + 0.3V)
HPL, HPR............................. (HPVSS - 0.3V) to (HPVDD + 0.3V)
RECP, RECN...............(SPKLGND - 0.3V) to (SPKLVDD + 0.3V)
SPKLP, SPKLN............(SPKLGND - 0.3V) to (SPKLVDD + 0.3V)
SPKRP, SPKRN..........(SPKRGND - 0.3V) to (SPKRVDD + 0.3V)
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70NC)
63-Bump WLP (derate 25.6mW/NC above +70NC).........2.05W
Operating Temperature Range........................... -40NC to +85NC
Storage Temperature Range............................. -65NC to +150NC
Soldering Temperature (reflow).......................................+260NC
(Voltages with respect to AGND.)
DVDD, AVDD, HPVDD..........................................-0.3V to +2.2V
SPKLVDD, SPKRVDD, DVDDS1, DVDDS2...........-0.3V to +6.0V
DGND, HPGND, SPKLGND, SPKRGND...............-0.1V to +0.1V
HPVSS................................ (HPGND - 2.2V) to (HPGND + 0.3V)
C1N..................................... (HPVSS - 0.3V) to (HPGND + 0.3V)
C1P......................................(HPGND - 0.3V) to (HPVDD + 0.3V)
PREG...................................................... -0.3V to (AVDD + 0.3V)
REF, MICBIAS.................................. -0.3V to (SPKLVDD + 0.3V)
MCLK, SDINS1, SDINS2, JACKSNS,
SDA, SCL, IRQ..................................................-0.3V to +6.0V
LRCLKS1, BCLKS1, SDOUTS1.......... -0.3V to (DVDDS1 + 0.3V)
LRCLKS2, BCLKS2, SDOUTS2.......... -0.3V to (DVDDS2 + 0.3V)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Electrical Characteristics
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
POWER SUPPLY
SYMBOL
Supply Voltage Range
CONDITIONS
Guaranteed by PSRR
Full-duplex 8kHz mono,
receiver output (Note 3)
VSPKLVDD,
VSPKRVDD
2.8
VDVDD, VAVDD,
VHPVDD
1.65
VDVDDS1,
VDVDDS2
1.65
6
1.8
2.0
V
3.6
10
1.98
3.5
Digital
1.49
3
2.71
4
1.65
2.5
2.93
4.5
1.85
3
8.22
16
2.94
5
12.75
18
1.7
3
3.75
5.5
Analog
5.11
7
Speaker
0.58
1
Digital
0.03
0.06
Analog
Full-duplex 48kHz stereo,
microphone inputs,
Speaker
headphone outputs (Note 3)
Digital
UNITS
5.5
6.37
DAC playback 48kHz stereo,
Speaker
speaker outputs (Note 3)
Digital
Stereo line playback,
IN_DIF = 0, INA1 to HPL,
INA2 to HPR, VMCLK = 0V
MAX
Analog
Analog
IVDD
TYP
Speaker
Analog
DAC playback 48kHz stereo,
Speaker
headphone outputs (Note 3)
Digital
Total Supply Current (Note 2)
MIN
mA
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
Shutdown Supply Current
(Note 2)
CONDITIONS
TA = +25NC
MIN
TYP
MAX
Analog
0.2
2
Speaker
0.1
1
1
5
Digital
REF Voltage
2.5
UNITS
FA
V
PREG Voltage
1.6
V
REG Voltage
0.7
V
Shutdown to Full Operation
SLEW = 0
30
SLEW = 1
17
ms
MICROPHONE TO ADC PATH
Dynamic Range (Note 4)
Total Harmonic Distortion +
Noise
Common-Mode Rejection Ratio
DR
THD+N
CMRR
fS = 8kHz, MODE = 0 (IIR voice),
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
Path Phase Delay
PSRR
88
VIN = 0.1VP-P, MCLK = 12.288MHz,
fS = 8kHz, f = 1kHz
-77
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB, VIN = 1VP-P, f = 1kHz
-82
AVMICPRE_ = +30dB, VIN = 32mVP-P,
f = 1kHz
-71
VIN = 100mVP-P, f = 217Hz
65
VAVDD = 1.65V to 2.0V, input referred, MIC
inputs floating
Power-Supply Rejection Ratio
75
60
-65
dB
dB
100
f = 217Hz, VRIPPLE = 100mVP-P, AVADC = 0dB,
input referred
100
f = 1kHz, VRIPPLE = 100mVP-P, AVADC = 0dB,
input referred
91
f = 10kHz, VRIPPLE = 100mVP-P, AVADC = 0dB,
input referred
70
1kHz, 0dB input,
highpass filter
disabled measured
from analog input to
digital output
dB
dB
MODE = 0 (IIR voice)
8kHz
2.2
MODE = 0 (IIR voice)
16kHz
1.1
MODE = 1 (FIR audio)
8kHz
4.5
MODE = 1 (FIR audio)
48kHz
0.76
ms
7
MAX9888
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
MICROPHONE PREAMP
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
Full-Scale Input
1.05
PA1EN/PA2EN = 01
Preamplifier Gain
PGA Gain
MIC Input Resistance
AVMICPRE_ (Note 5)
AVMICPGA_ (Note 5)
RIN_MIC
VP-P
0
PA1EN/PA2EN = 10
19.5
20
20.5
PA1EN/PA2EN = 11
29.4
30
30.5
PGAM1/PGAM2 = 0x00
19.5
20
20.5
PGAM1/PGAM2 = 0x14
All gain settings, measured at MIC1P/MIC1N/
MIC2P/MIC2N
0
30
50
2.14
dB
dB
kI
MICROPHONE BIAS
2.2
2.25
V
Load Regulation
ILOAD = 1mA to 2mA
0.5
11
mV
Line Regulation
VSPKLVDD = 2.8V to 5.5V
100
f = 217Hz, VRIPPLE (SPKLVDD) = 100mVP-P
92
f = 10kHz, VRIPPLE (SPKLVDD) = 100mVP-P
83
A-weighted, f = 20Hz to 20kHz
3.8
P-weighted, f = 20Hz to 4kHz
2.1
f = 1kHz
33
IMIC1_ = 100mA, INABYP = MIC2BYP = 1,
VMIC2_ = VINA_ = (0V, VAVDD)
3.5
VIN = 2VP-P, VCM = 0.9V, RL = 10kI,
f = 1kHz, INABYP = MIC2BYP = 1
-80
dB
Off-Isolation
VIN = 2VP-P, VCM = 0.9V, RL = 10kI,
f = 1kHz
60
dB
Off-Leakage Current
VMIC1_ = (0V, VAVDD),
VMIC2_/VINA_ = (VAVDD, 0V)
MICBIAS Output Voltage
VMICBIAS
Ripple Rejection
Noise Voltage
ILOAD = 1mA
FV
dB
FVRMS
nV/√Hz
MICROPHONE BYPASS SWITCH
On-Resistance
Total Harmonic Distortion +
Noise
RON
THD+N
-2.5
20
+2.5
I
FA
LINE INPUT TO ADC PATH
Dynamic Range (Note 4)
Total Harmonic Distortion +
Noise
Gain Error
8
DR
THD+N
fS = 48kHz, MCLK = 12.288MHz, MODE = 1
(FIR audio)
91
dB
VIN = 1VP-P, f = 1kHz
-77
dB
DC accuracy
1
5
%
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
LINE INPUT PREAMP
Full-Scale Input
Level Adjust Gain
VIN
AVPGAIN_
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB
1
AVPGAIN_ = -6dB
1.4
PGAINA/PGAINB = 0x0
19
20
21
PGAINA/PGAINB = 0x1
13
14
15
2
3
4
PGAINA/PGAINB = 0x2
(Note 5)
PGAINA/PGAINB = 0x3
TA = +25NC
PGAINA/PGAINB = 0x4
AVPGAIN_ = +20dB
-6
-5
21
27.4
20
AVPGAIN_ = +3dB
20
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB
7.3
INAEXT/INBEXT = 1
10
13.7
kI
20
AVPGAIN_ = -6dB
RIN_FB
-2
-7
AVPGAIN_ = -3dB
Feedback Resistance
-3
14.6
AVPGAIN_ = +14dB
RIN
dB
0
-4
PGAINA/PGAINB = 0x5, 0x6, 0x7
Input Resistance
VP-P
20
TA = +25NC
18.5
TA = TMIN to TMAX
17.5
20
21.5
23
kI
ADC LEVEL CONTROL
ADC Level Adjust Range
AVADCLVL AVL/AVR = 0xF to 0x0 (Note 5)
-12
ADC Level Adjust Step Size
ADC Gain Adjust Range
+3
1
AVADCGAIN AVLG/AVRG = 00 to 11 (Note 5)
0
ADC Gain Adjust Step Size
dB
dB
18
6
dB
dB
ADC DIGITAL FILTERS
VOICE MODE IIR LOWPASS FILTER (MODE1 = 0) Passband Cutoff
Stopband Attenuation (Note 6)
0.441
x fs
-3dB cutoff
0.449
x fs
fPLP
Passband Ripple
Stopband Cutoff
Ripple limit cutoff
f < fPLP
-0.1
fSLP
f > fSLP
74
Hz
+0.1
dB
0.47
x fs
Hz
dB
9
MAX9888
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
VOICE MODE IIR HIGHPASS FILTER (MODE1 = 0)
Passband Cutoff
(-3dB from Peak)
Stopband Cutoff
(-30dB from Peak)
DC Attenuation
fAHPPB
fAHPSB
DCATTEN
AVFLT = 0x1 (elliptical tuned for
fs = 16kHz + 217Hz notch)
0.0161
x fs
AVFLT = 0x2 (500Hz Butterworth tuned for
fs = 16kHz)
0.0319
x fs
AVFLT = 0x3 (elliptical tuned for
fs = 8kHz + 217Hz notch)
0.0321
x fs
AVFLT = 0x4 (500Hz Butterworth tuned for
fs = 8kHz)
0.0632
x fs
AVFLT = 0x5 (fs/240 Butterworth)
0.0043
x fs
AVFLT = 0x1 (elliptical tuned for
fs = 16kHz + 217Hz notch)
0.0139
x fs
AVFLT = 0x2 (500Hz Butterworth tuned for
fs = 16kHz)
0.0156
x fs
AVFLT = 0x3 (elliptical tuned for
fs = 8kHz + 217Hz notch)
0.0279
x fs
AVFLT = 0x4 (500Hz Butterworth tuned for fs =
8kHz)
0.0312
x fs
AVFLT = 0x5 (fs/240 Butterworth)
0.002
x fs
Hz
90
AVFLT ≠ 000
Hz
dB
STEREO AUDIO MODE FIR LOWPASS FILTER (MODE1 = 1, DHF1 = 0, LRCLK < 50kHz)
Passband Cutoff
fPLP
Passband Ripple
Stopband Cutoff
Ripple limit cutoff
0.43
x fs
-3dB cutoff
0.48
x fs
-6.02dB cutoff
0.5
x fs
f < fPLP
-0.1
fSLP
Stopband Attenuation (Note 6)
f < fSLP
60
Hz
+0.1
dB
0.58
x fs
Hz
dB
ADC STEREO AUDIO MODE FIR LOWPASS FILTER (MODE1 = 1, DHF1 = 1, LRCLK > 50kHz)
Passband Cutoff
10
Ripple limit cutoff
0.208
x fs
-3dB cutoff
0.28
x fs
fPLP
Hz
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
Passband Ripple
Stopband Cutoff
CONDITIONS
f < fPLP
MIN
TYP
-0.1
fSLP
Stopband Attenuation
f < fSLP
MAX
UNITS
+0.1
dB
0.417
x fs
Hz
60
dB
ADC STEREO AUDIO MODE DC-BLOCKING HIGHPASS FILTER (MODE1 = 1)
Passband Cutoff
(-3dB from Peak)
fAHPPB
AVFLT ≠ 000
DC Attenuation
DCAtten
AVFLT ≠ 000
0.000125
x fs
90
Hz
dB
MICROPHONE AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL
AGC Hold Duration
AGC Attack Time
AGC Release Time
AGC Threshold Level
AGCHLD = 01
50
AGCHLD = 11
400
AGCATK = 00
2
AGCATK = 11
123
AGCRLS = 000
0.078
AGCRLS = 111
10
AGCTH = 0x0 to 0xF
-3
AGC Threshold Step Size
ms
ms
s
+18
1
AGC Gain
(Note 5)
dB
dB
0
20
dB
-64
-16
dB
0
12
dB
ADC NOISE GATE
NG Threshold Level
ANTH = 0x3 to 0xF, referred to 0dBFS
NG Attenuation
(Note 5)
ADC-TO-DAC DIGITAL SIDETONE (MODE = 0)
Sidetone Gain Adjust Range
AVSTGA
DVST = 0x01
-0.5
DVST = 0x1F
-60.5
Sidetone Gain Adjust Step Size
dB
2
1kHz, 0dB input, highpass 8kHz
filter disabled
16kHz
Sidetone Path Phase Delay
dB
2.2
ms
1.1
ADC-TO-DAC DIGITAL LOOP-THROUGH PATH
Dynamic Range (Note 4)
DR
Total Harmonic Distortion
THD
fS = 48kHz, MCLK = 12.288MHz, MODE = 1
(FIR audio)
89
f = 1kHz, fS = 48kHz, MCLK = 12.288MHz,
MODE = 1 (FIR audio)
-71
dB
-66
dB
0
dB
DAC LEVEL CONTROL
DAC Attenuation Range
AVDACATTN DV1DV2 = 0xF to 0x0 (Note 5)
-15
DAC Attenuation Step Size
DAC Gain Adjust Range
DAC Gain Adjust Step Size
1
AVDACGAIN DV1G = 00 to 11 (Note 5)
0
dB
18
6
dB
dB
11
MAX9888
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
DAC DIGITAL FILTERS
VOICE MODE IIR LOWPASS FILTER (MODE1 = 0)
Passband Cutoff
0.448
x fs
-3dB cutoff
0.451
x fs
fPLP
Passband Ripple
Stopband Cutoff
Ripple limit cutoff
f < fPLP
Hz
-0.1
fSLP
Stopband Attenuation (Note 6)
f > fSLP
+0.1
dB
0.476
x fs
Hz
75
dB
VOICE MODE IIR HIGHPASS FILTER (MODE1 = 0)
Passband Cutoff
(-3dB from Peak)
Stopband Cutoff
(-30dB from Peak)
DC Attenuation
12
fDHPPB
fDHPSB
DCATTEN
DVFLT = 0x1 (elliptical tuned for
fs = 16kHz + 217Hz notch)
0.0161
x fs
DVFLT = 0x2 (500Hz Butterworth tuned for
fs = 16kHz)
0.0312
x fs
DVFLT = 0x3 (elliptical tuned for
fs = 8kHz + 217Hz notch)
0.0321
x fs
DVFLT = 0x4 (500Hz Butterworth tuned for
fs = 8kHz)
0.0625
x fs
DVFLT = 0x5 (fs/240 Butterworth)
0.0042
x fs
DVFLT = 0x1 (elliptical tuned for
fs = 16kHz + 217Hz notch)
0.0139
x fs
DVFLT = 0x2 (500Hz Butterworth tuned for
fs = 16kHz)
0.0156
x fs
DVFLT = 0x3 (elliptical tuned for
fs = 8kHz + 217Hz notch)
0.0279
x fs
DVFLT = 0x4 (500Hz Butterworth tuned for
fs = 8kHz)
0.0312
x fs
DVFLT = 0x5 (fs/240 Butterworth)
0.002
x fs
DVFLT ≠ 000
Hz
Hz
85
dB
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
STEREO AUDIO MODE FIR LOWPASS FILTER (MODE1 = 1, DHF1/DHF2 = 0, LRCLK < 50kHz)
Passband Cutoff
fPLP
Passband Ripple
Stopband Cutoff
Ripple limit cutoff
0.43
x fs
-3dB cutoff
0.47
x fs
-6.02dB cutoff
0.5
x fs
f < fPLP
-0.1
Hz
fSLP
Stopband Attenuation (Note 6)
f > fSLP
+0.1
dB
0.58
x fs
Hz
60
dB
STEREO AUDIO MODE FIR LOWPASS FILTER (MODE1 = 1, DHF1/DHF2 = 1 for LRCLK > 50kHz)
Passband Cutoff
0.24
x fs
-3dB cutoff
0.31
x fs
f < fPLP
-0.1
fPLP
Passband Ripple
Stopband Cutoff
Ripple limit cutoff
Hz
fSLP
Stopband Attenuation (Note 6)
f < fSLP
+0.1
dB
0.477
x fs
Hz
60
dB
STEREO AUDIO MODE DC-BLOCKING HIGHPASS FILTER
Passband Cutoff (-3dB from
Peak)
0.000104
x fs
Hz
fDHPPB
DVFLT ≠ 000 (DAI1), DCB2 = 1 (DAI2)
DCATTEN
DVFLT ≠ 000 (DAI1), DCB2 = 1 (DAI2)
90
dB
Dual Band Lowpass Corner
Frequency
ALCMB = 1
5
kHz
Dual Band Highpass Corner
Frequency
ALCMB = 1
5
kHz
DC Attenuation
AUTOMATIC LEVEL CONTROL
Gain Range
Low Signal Threshold
Release Time
ALCTH = 111 to 001
0
12
dB
-48
-12
dBFS
ALCRLS = 101
0.25
ALCRLS = 000
8
s
PARAMETRIC EQUALIZER
Number of Bands
5
Per Band Gain Range
Preattenuator Gain Range
Preattenuator Step Size
-12
(Note 5)
-15
1
Bands
+12
dB
0
dB
dB
13
MAX9888
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
DAC-TO-RECEIVER AMPLIFIER PATH
Dynamic Range (Note 4)
Total Harmonic Distortion +
Noise
Click and Pop Level
DR
THD+N
KCP
fS = 48kHz, MCLK = 12.288MHz, f = 1kHz
96
f = 1kHz, POUT = 25mW, RREC = 32I
-70
Peak voltage, A-weighted, 32
samples per second, AVREC
= 0dB
Into shutdown
-70
Out of shutdown
-73
dB
-63
dB
dBV
PREOUTPUT MIXERS
Level Adjust Gain
AVPGAOUT_ (Note 5)
PGAOUTA/PGAOUTB/
PGAOUTC = 0x0
PGAOUTA/PGAOUTB/
PGAOUTC = 0xC
0
dB
-25
Level Adjust Step Size
Mute Attenuation
f = 1kHz
-23.4
-22
2
dB
85
dB
92
dB
-70
dB
LINE INPUT-TO-RECEIVER AMPLIFIER PATH
Dynamic Range (Note 4)
Total Harmonic Distortion +
Noise
DR
Referenced to full-scale output level
THD+N
VSPKLVDD = 2.8V to 5.5V
Power-Supply Rejection Ratio
Click-and-Pop Level
PSRR
KCP
54
89
f = 217Hz, VRIPPLE = 100mVP-P
-63
f = 1kHz, VRIPPLE = 100mVP-P
-63
f = 10kHz, VRIPPLE = 100mVP-P
-65
Peak voltage, A-weighted, 32
samples per second, AVREC
= 0dB
Into shutdown
-57
Out of shutdown
-55
dB
dBV
RECEIVER AMPLIFIER
Output Power
POUT
Full-Scale Output
Volume Control
AVREC
Volume Control Step Size
Mute Attenuation
Output Offset Voltage
Capacitive Drive Capability
14
RREC = 32I, f = 1kHz, THD = 1%
(Note 7)
VOS
(Note 5)
100
mW
1
VRMS
RECVOL = 0x00
-65
-62
-58
RECVOL = 0x1F
+7.5
+8
+8.5
+8dB to +6dB
0.5
+6dB to +0dB
1
0dB to -14dB
2
-14dB to -38dB
3
-38dB to -62dB
4
f = 1kHz
95
AVREC = -62dB
No sustained oscillations
TA = +25NC
RREC = 32I
RREC = J
±0.13
500
100
dB
dB
dB
±1
mV
pF
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
DAC-TO-SPEAKER AMPLIFIER PATH
Total Harmonic Distortion +
Noise
THD+N
Crosstalk
f = 1kHz, POUT = 250mW, ZSPK = 8I + 68FH
-71
dB
SPKL to SPKR and SPKR to SPKL,
POUT = 640mW, f = 1kHz
-75
dB 43
FVRMS
Output Noise
A-weighted
Click-and-Pop Level
Peak voltage, A-weighted,
32 samples per second,
AVSPK_ = 0dB
KCP
Into shutdown
-65
Out of shutdown
-65
dBV
LINE INPUT-TO-SPEAKER AMPLIFIER PATH
Total Harmonic Distortion +
Noise
THD+N
Output Noise
f = 1kHz, POUT = 200mW, ZSPK = 8I + 68FH
-66
dB
A-weighted
56
FVRMS
VSPKLVDD = VRIPPLE = 2.8V to 5.5V
Power-Supply Rejection Ratio
PSRR
43
75
f = 1kHz, VRIPPLE = 100mV
73
f = 10kHz, VRIPPLE = 100mV
Click-and-Pop Level
KCP
60
f = 217Hz, VRIPPLE = 100mV
Peak voltage, A-weighted,
32 samples per second,
AVSPK_ = 0dB
dB
50
Into shutdown
-48
Out of shutdown
-50
dBV
SPEAKER AMPLIFIER
Output Power
POUT
Full-Scale Output
Volume Control (Note 5)
Volume Control Step Size
f = 1kHz, THD = 1%,
ZSPK = 8I + 68FH
VSPKLVDD =
VSPKRVDD = 5.0V
1370
VSPKLVDD =
VSPKRVDD = 4.2V
954
VSPKLVDD =
VSPKRVDD = 3.7V
733
VSPKLVDD =
VSPKRVDD = 3.2V
544
mW
(Note 7)
AVSPK_
2
VRMS
SPVOLL/SPVOLR = 0x00
-69
-64
-59
SPVOLL/SPVOLR = 0x1F
+7.5
+8
+8.5
+8dB to +6dB
0.5
+6dB to +0dB
1
0dB to -14dB
2
-14dB to -38dB
3
-38dB to -64dB
4
dB
dB
15
MAX9888
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
Mute Attenuation
Output Offset Voltage
CONDITIONS
MIN
f = 1kHz
VOS
TYP
MAX
UNITS
±1.25
mV
1000
Hz
86
AVSPK_ = -64dB, TA = +25NC
±0.25
dB
EXCURSION LIMITER
Upper-Corner Frequency Range
DHPUCF = 001 to 100
Lower-Corner Frequency
DHPLCF = 01 to 10
400
DHPUCF = 000 (fixed mode)
100
DHPUCF = 001
200
DHPUCF = 010
300
DHPUCF = 011
400
DHPUCF = 100
500
Biquad Minimum Corner
Frequency
ZSPK = 8I + 68FH,
VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD =
5.5V, AVSPK_ = +8dB
Threshold Voltage
Release Time
400
DHPTH = 000
0.34
DHPTH = 111
4.95
ALCRLS = 101
0.25
ALCRLS = 000
4
Hz
Hz
VP
s
POWER LIMITER
Attenuation
-64
ZSPK = 8I + 68FH,
VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD =
5.5V, AVSPK_ = +8dB
Threshold
Time Constant 1
tPWR1
Time Constant 2
tPWR2
Weighting Factor
kPWR
PWRTH = 0x1
0.05
PWRTH = 0xF
1.80
PWRT1 = 0x1
0.5
PWRT1 = 0xF
8.7
PWRT2 = 0x1 to 0xF
0.5
PWRT2 = 0xF
8.7
PWRK = 000 to 111
12.5
dB
W
s
min
100
%
DISTORTION LIMITER
Distortion Limit
Release Time Constant
THDCLP = 0x1
<1
THDCLP = 0xF
24
THDT1 = 000
0.76
THDT1 = 111
6.2
%
s
DAC-TO-HEADPHONE AMPLIFIER PATH
Dynamic Range (Note 4)
Total Harmonic Distortion +
Noise
16
DR
THD+N
fS = 48kHz, MCLK = Master or slave mode
12.288MHz
Slave mode
fS = 48kHz, MCLK = 12.288MHz,
f = 1kHz, POUT = 20mW
100
RHP = 16I
-71
RHP = 32I
-75
fS = 48kHz, MCLK = 12.288MHz,
f = 1kHz, VOUT = 1VRMS, RHP = 10kI
dB
94
-79
-64
dB
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
Crosstalk
CONDITIONS
MIN
PSRR
HPL to HPR and HPR to HPL,
POUT = 5mW, f = 1kHz, RHP = 32I
-82
dB
60
92
f = 1kHz, VRIPPLE = 100mV, AVVOL = 0dB
91
f = 10kHz, VRIPPLE = 100mV, AVVOL = 0dB
57
MODE = 0 (voice) 8kHz
2.2
MODE = 0 (voice)
16kHz
1.1
MODE = 1 (music)
8kHz
4.5
MODE = 1 (music)
48kHz
0.76
Peak voltage, A-weighted,
32 samples per second,
AVHP_ = 0dB
dB
ms
Channel Gain Mismatch
KCP
84
f = 217Hz, VRIPPLE = 100mV, AVVOL = 0dB
Gain Error
Click-and-Pop Level
UNITS
dB
1kHz, 0dB input,
highpass filter
disabled measured
from digital input to
analog output
DAC Path Phase Delay
MAX
-82
VAVDD = VHPVDD = 1.65V to 2.0V
Power-Supply Rejection Ratio
TYP
f = 1kHz, Input = -1dBFS, RHP = 10kI
1
%
0.5
%
Into shutdown
-66
Out of
shutdown
-67
dBV
LINE INPUT-TO-HEADPHONE AMPLIFIER PATH
Total Harmonic Distortion +
Noise
Dynamic Range (Note 4)
THD+N
VIN = 1VP-P, f =1kHz, RHP = 32I
DR
VAVDD = VHPVDD = 1.65V to 2.0V
Power-Supply Rejection Ratio
PSRR
42
dB
91
dB
66
f = 217Hz, VRIPPLE = 100mVP-P
62
f = 1kHz, VRIPPLE = 100mVP-P
57
f = 10kHz, VRIPPLE = 100mVP-P
Click and Pop Level
-70
KCP
Peak voltage, A-weighted,
32 samples per second,
AVHP_ = 0dB
POUT
f = 1kHz, THD = 1%
dB
41
Into shutdown
-62
Out of
shutdown
-60
dBV
HEADPHONE AMPLIFIER
Output Power
Full-Scale Output
Volume Control
RHP = 32I
32
RHP = 16I
40
(Note 7)
AVHP_
TA = +25NC (Note 5)
mW
1
VRMS
HPVOL_ = 0x00
-71
-67
-66
HPVOL_ = 0x1F
2.4
3
3.5
dB
17
MAX9888
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
Volume Control Step Size
Mute Attenuation
Output Offset Voltage
VOS
fCP
MIN
TYP
0.5
+1dB to -5dB
1
-5dB to -19dB
2
-19dB to -43dB
3
-43dB to -67dB
4
f = 1kHz
82
AVHP_ = -67dB
No sustained
oscillations
Capacitive Drive Capability
Charge Pump Oscillator
Frequency
CONDITIONS
+3dB to +1dB
TA = +25NC
±0.2
TA = TMIN to TMAX
MAX
dB
dB
±1
±2
RHP = 32I
500
RHP = J
100
300
667
Slow mode
74
ISPKL_ = 100mA, SPKBYP = 1,
VRXIN_ = [0V, VSPKLVDD]
2.8
UNITS
mV
pF
900
kHz
SPEAKER BYPASS SWITCH
On-Resistance
Total Harmonic Distortion +
Noise
RON
THD+N
VIN = 2VP-P, VCM = VSPKLVDD/2,
ZSPK = 8I + 68FH, f = 1kHz,
SPKBYP = 1
Off-Isolation
VIN = 2VP-P, VCM = VSPKLVDD/2,
ZL = 8I + 68FH, f = 1kHz
Off-Leakage Current
VRXIN_ = [0V, VSPKLVDD],
VSPKL_ = [VSPKLVDD, 0V]
RS = 10I
-77
RS = 0I
-60
4.5
dB
96
-1
I
dB
+1
FA
2
I
RECEIVER BYPASS SWITCH
IRECP = 100mA, RECBYP = 1,
VRECN = [0V, VSPKLVDD]
1.2
VIN = 2VP-P, VCM = VSPKLVDD/2,
RL = 32I, f = 1kHz, RECBYP = 1
-66
%
Off-Isolation
VIN = 2VP-P, VCM = VSPKLVDD/2,
RL = 32I, f = 1kHz
80
dB
Off-Leakage Current
VRECP = [0V, VSPKLVDD],
VRECN = [VSPKLVDD, 0V]
On-Resistance
Total Harmonic Distortion +
Noise
18
RON
THD+N
-15
+15
FA
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS = 1.
TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
JACK DETECTION
MICBIAS enabled
JACKSNS High Threshold
VTH1
MICBIAS disabled
MICBIAS enabled
JACKSNS Low Threshold
VTH2
MICBIAS disabled
0.95 x
0.98 x
0.92 x
VMICBIAS VMICBIAS VMICBIAS
0.92 x
0.95 x
0.98 x
V
VSPKLVDD VSPKLVDD VSPKLVDD
0.10 x
0.17 x
0.06 x
VMICBIAS VMICBIAS VMICBIAS
0.06 x
0.10 x
0.17 x
V
VSPKLVDD VSPKLVDD VSPKLVDD
JACKSNS Sense Voltage
VSENSE
MICBIAS disabled
JACKSNS Sense Resistance
RSENSE
MICBIAS disabled, JDWK = 0
1.7
2.4
2.9
kI
IWPU
MICBIAS disabled, JDWK = 1
2
5
9.5
FA
JACKSNS Weak Pullup Current
JACKSNS Deglitch Period
tGLITCH
VSPKLVDD
JDEB = 00
25
JDEB = 11
200
V
ms
BATTERY ADC
Input Voltage Range
2.8
LSB Size
5.5
0.1
V
V
Digital Input/Output Characteristics
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = 1.65V to 2.0V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless
otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
0.6
V
+1
FA
MCLK
Input High Voltage
VIH
Input Low Voltage
VIL
Input Leakage Current
IIH, IIL
1.2
VDVDD = 2.0V, VIN = 0V, 5.5V, TA = +25°C
V
-1
Input Capacitance
10
pF
SDINS1, BCLKS1, LRCLKS1—INPUT
Input High Voltage
VIH
Input Low Voltage
VIL
0.7 x
DVDDS1
0.29 x
DVDDS1
Input Hysteresis
Input Leakage Current
Input Capacitance
V
200
IIH, IIL
VDVDDS1 = 3.6V, VIN = 0V, 3.6V; TA = +25°C
-1
mV
+1
10
V
FA
pF
19
MAX9888
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Digital Input/Output Characteristics (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = 1.65V to 2.0V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless
otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
0.4
V
BCLKS1, LRCLKS1, SDOUTS1—OUTPUT
Output Low Voltage
Output High Voltage
Input Leakage Current
VOL
VOH
IIH, IIL
VDVDDS1 = 1.65V, IOL = 3mA
VDVDDS1 = 1.65V, IOH = 3mA VDVDD = 2.0V, VIN = 0V, 5.5V; TA = +25°C,
high-impedance state
DVDDS1
- 0.4
V
-1
+1
FA
SDINS2, BCLKS2, LRCLKS2—INPUT
Input High Voltage
VIH
Input Low Voltage
VIL
0.7 x
DVDDS2
0.29 x
DVDDS2
Input Hysteresis
Input Leakage Current
V
200
IIH, IIL
VDVDDS2 = 3.6V, VIN = 0V, 3.6V; TA = +25°C
-1
Input Capacitance
V
mV
+1
10
FA
pF
BCLKS2, LRCLKS2, SDOUTS2—OUTPUT
Output Low Voltage
Output High Voltage
Input Leakage Current
VOL
VOH
IIH, IIL
VDVDDS2 = 1.65V, IOL = 3mA
VDVDDS2 = 1.65V, IOH = 3mA
VDVDD = 2.0V, VIN = 0V, 5.5V; TA = +25NC,
high-impedance state
0.4
DVDDS2
- 0.4
V
V
-1
+1
FA
SDA, SCL—INPUT
Input High Voltage
VIH
Input Low Voltage
VIL
0.7 x
DVDD
0.3 x
DVDD
Input Hysteresis
Input Leakage Current
V
210
IIH, IIL
VDVDD = 2.0V, VIN = 0V, 5.5V, TA = +25NC
-1
Input Capacitance
V
mV
+1
10
FA
pF
SDA, IRQ—OUTPUT
Output High Current
IOH
VOUT = 5.5V, TA = +25°C
Output Low Voltage
VOL
VDVDD = 1.65V, IOL = 3mA
1
mA
0.2 x
DVDD
V
DIGMICDATA—INPUT
Input High Voltage
VIH
Input Low Voltage
VIL
0.65 x
DVDD
0.35 x
DVDD
Input Hysteresis
Input Leakage Current
Input Capacitance
20
V
125
IIH, IIL
VDVDD = 2.0V, VIN = 0V, 2.0V; TA = +25°C
-25
mV
+25
10
V
FA
pF
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = 1.65V to 2.0V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless
otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
0.4
V
DIGMICCLK—OUTPUT
Output Low Voltage
VOL
VDVDD = 1.65V, IOL = 1mA
Output High Voltage
VOH
VDVDD = 1.65V, IOH = 1mA
DVDD 0.4
V
Input Clock Characteristics
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise
noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
MCLK Input Frequency
MCLK Input Duty Cycle
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
DAI1 LRCLK Average Frequency
Error (Note 9)
MHz
PSCLK = 10 or 11
30
60
DHF_ = 0
8
48
DHF_ = 1
48
96
70
100
FREQ1 = 0x8 to 0xF
FREQ1 = 0x0
0
0
+0.025
-0.025
+0.025
Rapid lock mode
2
7
Nonrapid lock mode
12
25
100
10
%
psRMS
-0.025
Maximum LRCLK Jitter to Maintain
PLL Lock
Soft-Start/Stop Time
UNITS
60
40
DAI2 LRCLK Average Frequency
Error (Note 9)
PLL Lock Time
50
MAX
PSCLK = 01
Maximum MCLK Input Jitter
LRCLK Sample Rate (Note 8)
TYP
10
fMCLK
kHz
%
%
ms
ns
ms
21
MAX9888
Digital Input/Output Characteristics (continued)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Audio Interface Timing Characteristics
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = 1.65V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 2.8V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise
noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
BCLK Cycle Time
tBCLK
Slave mode
90
ns
BCLK High Time
tBCLKH
Slave mode
20
ns
BCLK Low Time
tBCLKL
Slave mode
20
ns
20
ns
20
ns
tR, tF
BCLK or LRCLK Rise and Fall Time
SDIN to BCLK Setup Time
Master mode, CL = 15pF
ns
tSETUP
LRCLK to BCLK Setup Time
tSYNCSET
SDIN to BCLK Hold Time
Slave mode
tHOLD
tSYNCHOLD Slave mode LRCLK to BCLK Hold Time
Minimum Delay Time from LSB
BCLK Falling Edge to
High-Impedance State
tHIZOUT
Master mode, TDM_ = 1
LRCLK Rising Edge to SDOUT
MSB Delay
tSYNCTX
CL = 30pF, TDM_ = 1, FSW_ = 1
BCLK to SDOUT Delay
tCLKTX
CL = 30pF
Delay Time from BCLK to LRCLK
tCLKSYNC
Master
mode
Delay Time from LRCLK to BCLK
After LSB
tENDSYNC
Master
mode
ns
42
ns
50
TDM_ = 1, BCLK rising edge
50
50
TDM_ = 1
-15
ns
ns
+15
0.8 x
tBCLKL
TDM_ = 0
TDM_ = 1, FSW_ = 1
20
tBCLKH
BCLK
(INPUT)
tCLKSYNC
tBCLKL
tSYNCSET
LRCLK
(INPUT)
tCLKTX
tHIZOUT
SDOUT
(OUTPUT)
LSB
SDIN
(INPUT)
LSB
tCLKTX
tHIZOUT
HI-Z
tSETUP
MSB
tHOLD
MSB
MASTER MODE
Figure 1. Non-TDM Audio Interface Timing Diagrams (TDM_ = 0)
SDOUT
(OUTPUT)
LSB
SDIN
(INPUT)
LSB
ns
ns
tBCLK
LRCLK
(OUTPUT)
22
ns
20
TDM_ = 0
tF
t
BCLK R
(OUTPUT)
20
HI-Z
tSETUP
MSB
tHOLD
MSB
SLAVE MODE
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
MAX9888
tBCLK
tF
tR
tBCLKH
BCLK (OUTPUT)
tBCLKL
BCLK (INPUT)
tCLKSYNC
tSYNCSET
tCLKSYNC
LRCLK (OUTPUT)
tSYNCHOLD
LRCLK (INPUT)
tCLKTX
tHIZOUT
SDOUT (OUTPUT)
LSB
SDOUT (OUTPUT)
MSB
HI-Z
tCLKTX
tHIZOUT
LSB
HI-Z
MSB
tSETUP tHOLD
SDIN (INPUT)
LSB
tSETUP tHOLD
SDIN (INPUT)
MSB
LSB
MSB
MASTER MODE
SLAVE MODE
Figure 2. TDM Audio Interface Timing Diagram (TDM_ = 1, FSW_ = 0)
tBCLK
tF
tR
tBCLKH
BCLK (OUTPUT)
tENDSYNC
tCLKSYNC
LRCLK (OUTPUT)
LRCLK (INPUT)
tSYNCTX
tCLKTX
HI-Z
MSB
tHIZOUT
SDOUT (OUTPUT)
tBCLKL
BCLK (INPUT)
LSB
tHIZOUT
SDOUT (OUTPUT)
LSB
tSYNCTX
tCLKTX
HI-Z
MSB
tSETUP tHOLD
SDIN (INPUT)
LSB
tSETUP tHOLD
SDIN (INPUT)
MSB
MASTER MODE
LSB
MSB
SLAVE MODE
Figure 3. TDM Audio Interface Timing Diagram (TDM_ = 1, FSW_ = 1)
Digital Microphone Timing Characterstics
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = 2.0V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 2.8V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise
noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MICCLK = 00
MCLK/8
MICCLK = 01
MCLK/6
MAX
UNITS
DIGMICCLK Frequency
fMICCLK
DIGMICDATA to DIGMICCLK
Setup Time
tSU,MIC
Either clock edge
20
ns
DIGMICDATA to DIGMICCLK
Hold Time
tHD,MIC
Either clock edge
0
ns
MHz
23
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
1/fMICCLK
tHD,MIC tSU,MIC
tHD,MIC tSU,MIC
LEFT
RIGHT
LEFT
RIGHT
Figure 4. Digital Microphone Timing Diagram
I2C Timing Characterstics
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = 1.65V to 2.0V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless
otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25NC.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
Guaranteed by SCL pulse-width low and
high
MIN
0
TYP
MAX
UNITS
400
kHz
Serial-Clock Frequency
fSCL
Bus Free Time Between STOP and
START Conditions
tBUF
1.3
Fs
tHD,STA
0.6
Fs
SCL Pulse-Width Low
tLOW
1.3
Fs
SCL Pulse-Width High
tHIGH
0.6
Fs
Setup Time for a Repeated START
Condition
tSU,STA
0.6
Fs
Data Hold Time
Data Setup Time
tHD,DAT
tSU,DAT
Hold Time (Repeated) START
Condition
RPU = 475I, CB = 100pF, 400pF
0
900
100
ns
ns
SDA and SCL Receiving Rise Time
tR
(Note 10)
20 +
0.1CB
300
ns
SDA and SCL Receiving Fall Time
tF
(Note 10)
20 +
0.1CB
300
ns
SDA Transmitting Fall Time
tF
RPU = 475I, CB = 100pF, 400pF (Note 10)
20 +
0.05CB
250
ns
400
pF
50
ns
Setup Time for STOP Condition
tSU,STO
Bus Capacitance
CB
Pulse Width of Suppressed Spike
tSP
24
0.6
Guaranteed by SDA transmitting fall time
0
Fs
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
MAX9888
SDA
tSU,STA
tSU,DAT
tLOW
tBUF
tHD,STA
tSP
tHD,DAT
tSU,STO
tHIGH
SCL
tHD,STA
tR
tF
START CONDITION
REPEATED START CONDITION
STOP
CONDITION
START
CONDITION
Figure 5. I2C Interface Timing Diagram
Note 1: The IC is 100% production tested at TA = +25NC. Specifications over temperature limits are guaranteed by design.
Note 2: Analog supply current = IAVDD + IHPVDD. Speaker supply current = ISPKLVDD + ISPKRVDD. Digital supply current = IDVDD
+ IDVDDS1 + IDVDDS2.
Note 3: Clocking all zeros into the DAC. Slave mode.
Note 4: Dynamic range measured using the EIAJ method. -60dBFS, 1kHz output signal, A-weighted and normalized to 0dBFS.
f = 20Hz to 20kHz.
Note 5: Gain measured relative to the 0dB setting.
Note 6: The filter specification is accurate only for synchronous clocking modes, where NI is a multiple of 0x1000.
Note 7: 0dBFS for DAC input. 1VP-P for INA/INB inputs.
Note 8: LRCLK may be any rate in the indicated range. Asynchronous or noninteger MCLK/LRCLK ratios may exhibit some fullscale performance degradation compared to synchronous integer related MCLK/LRCLK ratios.
Note 9: In master-mode operation, the accuracy of the MCLK input proportionally determines the accuracy of the sample clock rate.
Note 10: CB is in pF.
Power Consumption
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V)
IAVDD
(mA)
IHPVDD
(mA)
ISPKLVDD +
ISPKRVDD
(mA)
IDVDD
(mA)
DAC Playback 48kHz Stereo HP
DAC à HP
24-bit, music filters
1.35
1.37
1.65
2.91
0.02
16.25
DAC Playback 48kHz Stereo HP
DAC à HP
24-bit, music filters, 0.1mW/channel,
RHP = 32I
1.35
4.19
1.65
3.02
0.02
21.55
DAC Playback 48kHz Stereo HP
DAC à HP
24-bit, music filters, ALC enabled
1.35
1.37
1.65
2.96
0.02
16.36
MODE
IDVDDS1 + IDVDDS2 POWER
(mA)
(mW)
25
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Power Consumption (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V)
IAVDD
(mA)
IHPVDD
(mA)
ISPKLVDD +
ISPKRVDD
(mA)
IDVDD
(mA)
DAC Playback 48kHz Stereo HP
DAC à HP
24-bit, music filters, EQ enabled
1.35
1.36
1.65
3.27
0.02
16.90
DAC Playback 48kHz Stereo HP
DAC à HP
24-bit, music filters, digital mixing
1.34
1.36
1.65
2.91
0.02
16.27
DAC Playback 44.1kHz Stereo HP
DAC à HP
24-bit, music filters
1.35
1.37
1.69
2.85
0.02
16.29
DAC Playback 8kHz Stereo HP
DAC à HP
16-bit, voice filters
1.35
1.37
1.65
1.46
0.01
13.65
DAC Playback 8kHz Mono HP
DAC à HP
16-bit, voice filters
1.00
0.71
1.01
1.36
0.01
9.27
DAC Playback 48kHz Stereo SPK
DAC à SPK
24-bit, music filters
1.83
0.02
8.22
2.92
0.02
39.09
DAC Playback 48kHz Mono SPK
DAC à SPK
24-bit, music filters
1.25
0.02
4.31
2.82
0.02
23.32
Line Stereo Record 48kHz
INA à ADC
16-bit, music filters
9.91
0.02
0.39
1.62
0.11
22.48
Line Stereo Record 48kHz, Stereo HP
INA à ADC
INA à HP
16-bit, music filters
10.64
2.65
0.66
1.63
0.11
29.51
Line Stereo Record 48kHz, Stereo SPK
INA à ADC
INA à SPK
16-bit, music filters
10.97
0.03
7.15
1.63
0.12
49.50
Differential Line Record 48kHz
INA à ADCL
INB à ADCR
Differential input
10.49
0.02
0.39
1.63
0.16
23.58
Microphone Stereo Record 48kHz
MIC1/2 à ADC
16-bit, music filters
10.88
0.03
0.69
1.62
0.17
25.43
Microphone Stereo Record 8kHz
MIC1/2 à ADC
16-bit, voice filters
10.77
0.02
0.64
1.03
0.06
23.78
MODE
26
IDVDDS1 + IDVDDS2 POWER
(mA)
(mW)
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
IAVDD
(mA)
IHPVDD
(mA)
ISPKLVDD +
ISPKRVDD
(mA)
IDVDD
(mA)
Microphone Mono Record 48kHz
MIC1/2 à ADC
16-bit, music filters
6.01
0.02
0.66
1.37
0.10
15.97
Microphone Mono Record 8kHz
MIC1/2 à ADC
16-bit, voice filters
5.95
0.02
0.64
0.98
0.04
14.94
Microphone Mono Record 8kHz
MIC1/2 à ADC
16-bit, voice filters, AGC
5.95
0.02
0.64
0.98
0.04
15.00
Microphone Mono Record 8kHz
MIC1/2 à ADC
16-bit, voice filters, AGC, noise gate
5.96
0.02
0.64
0.98
0.04
14.98
Full-Duplex 48kHz Stereo HP
MIC1/2 à ADC
DAC à HP
24-bit, music filters
11.38
1.37
1.70
3.56
0.19
36.06
Full-Duplex 8kHz Mono RCV
MIC1 à ADC
DAC à REC
16-bit, voice filters
6.35
0.02
1.98
1.47
0.03
21.47
Full-Duplex 8kHz Mono HP
MIC1 à ADC
DAC à HP
16-bit, voice filters
6.09
0.71
1.01
1.46
0.03
18.72
Full-Duplex 8kHz Stereo HP
MIC1/2 à ADC
DAC à HP
16-bit, voice filters
10.92
1.37
1.09
1.51
0.05
28.95
Line Playback Stereo HP
INA à HP
Single-ended inputs
1.89
2.65
0.58
0.03
0.01
10.41
Line Playback Stereo SPK
INA à SPK
Single-ended inputs
2.21
0.02
7.05
0.04
0.02
30.19
Line Playback Mono SPK
INA à SPK
Single-ended inputs
1.68
0.02
3.70
0.03
0.02
16.90
Differential Line Playback Stereo HP
INA à HPL
INB à HPR
Differential input
2.46
2.65
0.58
0.03
0.01
11.42
MODE
IDVDDS1 + IDVDDS2 POWER
(mA)
(mW)
27
MAX9888
Power Consumption (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V)
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
Microphone to ADC
-40
-50
-60
-70
-40
-50
-60
-30
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-80
-90
-90
100
1000
10,000
100,000
10
1000
10,000
100,000
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS
NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (MIC TO ADC)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS
NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (MIC TO ADC)
0
-50
-60
-70
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
VIN = 0.1VP-P
AVMICPRE_ = +20dB
-10
-20
-30
0
-40
-50
-60
-70
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-90
-90
-100
-100
-100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
100,000
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
VIN = 0.032VP-P
AVMICPRE_ = +30dB
-10
-80
100
MAX9888 toc06
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS
NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (MIC TO ADC)
-40
10
100
FREQUENCY (Hz)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-30
100
FREQUENCY (Hz)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-20
-100
10
FREQUENCY (Hz)
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 96kHz
NI MODE
VIN = 1VP-P
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
-10
10,000
MAX9888 toc04
0
1000
MAX9888 toc03
-40
-70
10
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
VIN = 1VP-P
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
-20
-80
-100
28
-30
0
-10
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-20
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS
NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (MIC TO ADC)
MAX9888 toc05
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-30
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
VIN = 1VP-P
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
-10
THD+N RATIO (dB)
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
VIN = 1VP-P
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
-20
0
MAX9888 toc01
0
-10
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS
NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (MIC TO ADC)
MAX9888 toc02
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS
NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (MIC TO ADC)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
-80
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
COMMON-MODE REJECTION
RATIO vs. FREQUENCY (MIC TO ADC)
60
-35
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
VIN = 1VP-P
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
-55
-65
-75
MODE = 0
40
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
30
20
VOUT, DIFF = 0dBFS
0
10
100
1000
10,000
10
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
100,000
10
-80
-40
-60
-80
-40
-60
-80
-120
-120
-120
-140
FREQUENCY (Hz)
100,000
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
-20
-100
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
10,000
FFT, 0dBFS (MIC TO ADC)
-100
-140
1000
0
-100
0
100
FREQUENCY (Hz)
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
-60
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
-20
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
-40
-120
1000
FFT, -60dBFS (MIC TO ADC)
0
MAX9888 toc10
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
-20
100
RIPPLE ON
SPKLVDD, SPKRVDD
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FFT, 0dBFS (MIC TO ADC)
0
RIPPLE ON AVDD,
DVDD, HPVDD
-100
10
-85
-60
-80
MAX9888 toc11
-45
-40
AVMICPRE_ = +20dB
50
VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P
INPUTS AC GROUNDED
-20
PSRR (dB)
-25
MAX9888 toc09
AVMICPRE_ = +30dB
70
0
MAX9888 toc08
80
CMRR (dB)
NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
MODE = 1
-15
90
MAX9888 toc07
5
-5
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION
RATIO vs. FREQUENCY (MIC TO ADC)
MAX9888 toc12
GAIN vs. FREQUENCY (MIC TO ADC)
-140
0
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
0
5000
10,000
15,000
20,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
29
MAX9888
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
-60
-80
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
-20
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
-40
MAX9888 toc13
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
-100
-120
-120
-140
-140
0
5000
10,000
15,000
20,000
0
5000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FFT, -60dBFS (MIC TO ADC)
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
-20
-60
-80
-40
-60
-80
-100
-100
-120
-120
-140
-140
0
5000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
30
20,000
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 96kHz
NI MODE
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
-20
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
-40
15,000
FFT, 0dBFS (MIC TO ADC)
0
MAX9888 toc15
0
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
MAX9888 toc16
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
FFT, 0dBFS (MIC TO ADC)
0
MAX9888 toc14
FFT, -60dBFS (MIC TO ADC)
0
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
15,000
20,000
0
5000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
15,000
20,000
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
FFT, -60dBFS (MIC TO ADC)
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 96kHz
NI MODE
AVMICPRE_ = 0dB
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
-20
-40
ADC ENABLE/DISABLE RESPONSE
(MIC TO ADC)
MAX9888 toc17
0
MAX9888 toc18
SCL
2V/div
-60
ADC
OUTPUT
0.5V/div
-80
-100
-120
-140
0
5000
10,000
15,000
20,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10ms/div
SOFTWARE TURN-ON/OFF RESPONSE
(MIC TO ADC)
MAX9888 toc19
SCL
2V/div
ADC
OUTPUT
0.5V/div
10ms/div
31
MAX9888
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
Line to ADC
-40
-50
-60
-30
-40
-20
-50
-60
-70
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-80
-80
-90
-90
-100
-100
10
100
1000
10,000
100,000
100
10
FREQUENCY (Hz)
1000
10,000
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
VIN = 1VRMS
-30
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY (LINE TO ADC)
0
EXTERNAL GAIN MODE
RIN = 56kI, CIN = 1µF
-40
-50
-60
VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P
INPUTS AC GROUNDED
-20
-40
PSRR (dB)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-20
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
MAX9888 toc23
0
-10
100
10
100,000
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS
NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (LINE TO ADC)
-60
RIPPLE ON AVDD,
DVDD, HPVDD
-80
-70
-80
-100
RIPPLE ON
SPKLVDD, SPKRVDD
-90
-100
-120
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
32
-30
-70
-90
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
VIN = 0.1VP-P
AVPGAIN_ = +20dB
10,000
MAX9888 toc22
-20
0
-10
MAX9888 toc24
-30
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
VIN = 1VP-P
CIN = 1µF
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-20
0
-10
THD+N RATIO (dB)
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
VIN = 1.4VP-P
AVPGAIN_ = -6dB
CIN = 1µF
MAX9888 toc20
0
-10
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS
NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (LINE TO ADC)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS
NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (LINE TO ADC)
MAX9888 toc21
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS
NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (LINE TO ADC)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
100,000
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
100,000
10,000
100,000
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
Digital Loopback
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
-60
-80
-100
-120
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
-140
-140
-160
-160
-180
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
-20
AMPLITUDE (dBFS)
AMPLITUDE (dBFS)
-40
0
MAX9888 toc25
0
-20
FFT, -60dBFS
(SDINS1 TO SDOUTS2 DIGITAL LOOPBACK)
MAX9888 toc26
FFT, 0dBFS
(SDINS1 TO SDOUTS2 DIGITAL LOOPBACK)
-180
0
5000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
15,000
20,000
0
5000
10,000
15,000
20,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
33
MAX9888
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
Analog Loopback
-60
-70
-40
POUT = 0.025W
-50
-60
-80
POUT = 0.01W
-90
100
1000
10,000
100,000
-80
-140
10
100
1000
10,000
0
100,000
5000
10,000
15,000
20,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FFT, -60dBFS
(LINE TO ADC TO DAC TO HEADPHONE)
FFT, 0dBFS
(LINE TO ADC TO DAC TO HEADPHONE)
FFT, -60dBFS
(LINE TO ADC TO DAC TO HEADPHONE)
-20
-60
-80
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 32I
-20
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
-40
0
-40
0
-60
-80
-40
-60
-80
-100
-100
-100
-120
-120
-120
-140
-140
0
5000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
15,000
20,000
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 32I
-20
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
RHP = 32I
MAX9888 toc30
0
MAX9888 toc29
-60
-120
POUT = 0.01W
-90
10
-40
-100
-70
-80
34
-30
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
RHP = 32I
-20
MAX9888 toc32
POUT = 0.025W
0
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
-40
-50
-20
FFT, 0dBFS
(LINE TO ADC TO DAC TO HEADPHONE)
MAX9888 toc31
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-30
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 32I, CIN = 1µF
-10
THD+N RATIO (dB)
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
RHP = 32I, CIN = 1µF
-20
0
MAX9888 toc27
0
-10
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION
PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
(LINE TO ADC TO DAC TO HEADPHONE )
MAX9888 toc28
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS
NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
(LINE TO ADC TO DAC TO HEADPHONE)
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
-140
0
5000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
15,000
20,000
0
5000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
15,000
20,000
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
DAC to Receiver
f = 3000Hz
f = 1000Hz
-60
-70
POUT = 0.05W
-50
-60
-80
f = 100Hz
-90
0.04
0.06
0.08
2
100
10
1000
POWER CONSUMPTION vs. OUTPUT
POWER (DAC TO RECEIVER)
1
0
-1
-2
-3
110
THD+N = 1%
100
90
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
RREC = 32I
AVREC = +8dB
80
70
2.5
3.0
0.15
0.10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
4.5
5.0
5.5
0
VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P
ALL ZEROS AT INPUT
-20
-40
RIPPLE ON SPKLVDD,
SPKRVDD
-60
-80
0.05
10
4.0
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY (DAC TO RECEIVER)
RIPPLE ON AVDD,
DVDD, HPVDD
-4
-5
3.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
RREC = 32I
AVREC = +8dB
0.20
THD+N = 10%
120
60
GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
(DAC TO RECEIVER)
0.25
130
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
POWER CONSUMPTION (W)
3
-90
0.12
OUTPUT POWER (W)
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
RREC = 32I
4
0.10
PSRR (dB)
5
0.02
MAX9888 toc36
0
POUT = 0.025W
MAX9888 toc35
MAX9888 toc34
-40
-70
-80
NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
-30
140
OUTPUT POWER PER CHANNEL (mW)
-40
-50
-20
OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(DAC TO RECEIVER)
MAX9888 toc37
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-30
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
RREC = 32I
-10
THD+N RATIO (dB)
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
RREC = 32I
AVREC = +8dB
-20
0
MAX9888 toc33
0
-10
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION
vs. FREQUENCY (DAC TO RECEIVER)
MAX9888 toc38
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION
vs. OUTPUT POWER (DAC TO RECEIVER)
0
-100
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
OUTPUT POWER (W)
0.10
0.12
10
100
1000
10,000
100,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
35
MAX9888
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
SOFTWARE TURN-ON/OFF RESPONSE
(DAC TO RECEIVER, VSEN = 1)
MAX9888 toc39
SCL
2V/div
FFT, 0dBFS (DAC TO RECEIVER)
MAX9888 toc40
0
SCL
2V/div
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
RECEIVER
OUTPUT
1V/div
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
RREC = 32I
-20
RECEIVER
OUTPUT
1V/div
-40
MAX9888 toc41
SOFTWARE TURN-ON/OFF RESPONSE
(DAC TO RECEIVER, VSEN = 0)
-60
-80
-100
-120
-140
10ms/div
0
10ms/div
5000
10,000
15,000
20,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
-60
-80
-100
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
-140
0
5000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
36
-20
AMPLITUDE (dBm)
-40
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
PLL MODE
RREC = 32I
15,000
20,000
0
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
PLL MODE
RREC = 32I
-20
AMPLITUDE (dBm)
-20
0
MAX9888 toc43
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
RREC = 32I
MAX9888 toc42
0
WIDEBAND FFT, -60dBFS
(DAC TO RECEIVER)
MAX9888 toc44
WIDEBAND FFT, 0dBFS
(DAC TO RECEIVER)
FFT, -60dBFS (DAC TO RECEIVER)
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
-120
0
1
10
100
FREQUENCY (kHz)
1000
10,000
0
1
10
100
FREQUENCY (kHz)
1000
10,000
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
Line to Receiver
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS
NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER
(LINE TO RECEIVER)
-10
0
-20
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-40
f = 6000Hz
-50
-60
-30
-40
-50
POUT = 0.05W
-60
-70
-70
-80
f = 1000Hz
f = 100Hz
-80
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
POUT = 0.025W
-90
0.10
10
100
OUTPUT POWER (W)
3
100,000
VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P
INPUT AC GROUNDED
-20
2
1
PSRR (dB)
NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
0
MAX9888 toc47
RREC = 32I
CIN = 1µF
4
10,000
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY (LINE TO RECEIVER)
GAIN vs. FREQUENCY (LINE TO RECEIVER)
5
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
MAX9888 toc48
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-30
RREC = 32I
CIN = 1µF
AVREC = +8dB
-10
-20
MAX9888 toc46
RREC = 32I
AVREC = +8dB
MAX9888 toc45
0
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION
PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
(LINE TO RECEIVER)
0
-1
-40
RIPPLE ON SPKLVDD,
SPKRVDD
-60
-2
-3
-80
RIPPLE ON AVDD,
DVDD, HPVDD
-4
-5
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
100,000
-100
10
100
1000
10,000
100,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
37
MAX9888
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
DAC to Speaker
-40
-20
f = 6000Hz
-50
f = 1000Hz
-60
-40
-80
-50
-90
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
-40
f = 6000Hz
-50
f = 1000Hz
-70
f = 100Hz
-80
1.2
-30
-60
f = 1000Hz
-70
f = 100Hz
VSPK_VDD = 3.V
MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
AVSPK_ = +8dB
-10
-20
f = 6000Hz
-60
-70
0
f = 100Hz
-80
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
OUTPUT POWER (W)
OUTPUT POWER (W)
OUTPUT POWER (W)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT POWER (DAC TO SPEAKER)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT POWER (DAC TO SPEAKER)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT POWER (DAC TO SPEAKER)
f = 6000Hz
-40
-50
f = 1000Hz
-60
-20
-70
-30
f = 6000Hz
-40
-50
f = 1000Hz
-60
-70
-80
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
OUTPUT POWER (W)
2.0
2.5
VSPK_VDD = 3V
MCLK = 12.288MHz,
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 4I + 33µH
AVSPK_ = +8dB
-10
-20
-30
-40
f = 6000Hz
-50
f = 1000Hz
-60
-70
-80
f = 100Hz
-90
MAX9888 toc54
-10
0
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-30
VSPK_VDD = 3.7V
MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 4I + 33µH
AVSPK_ = +8dB
MAX9888 toc53
-20
0
THD+N RATIO (dB)
VSPK_VDD = 4.2V
MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 4I + 33µH
AVSPK_ = +8dB
MAX9888 toc52
0
-10
38
-30
0
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-30
-10
THD+N RATIO (dB)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-20
VSPK_VDD = 3.7V
MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
AVSPK_ = +8dB
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT POWER (DAC TO SPEAKER)
MAX9888 toc50
VSPK_VDD = 4.2V
MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
AVSPK_ = +8dB
-10
0
MAX9888 toc49
0
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT POWER (DAC TO SPEAKER)
MAX9888 toc51
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT POWER (DAC TO SPEAKER)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
-80
f = 100Hz
-90
0
f = 100Hz
-90
0.5
1.0
OUTPUT POWER (W)
1.5
2.0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
OUTPUT POWER (W)
1.2
1.4
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
-40
-50
-60
POUT = 0.25W
-70
-40
MAX9888 toc56
-50
-60
0
POUT = 0.25W
-20
10
100
1000
10,000
-40
POUT = 1.0W
-50
-60
POUT = 0.5W
-80
POUT = 0.55W
-90
100,000
-30
-70
-80
POUT = 0.55W
-90
VSPK_VDD = 4.2V
MCLK = 12.288MHz,
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 4I + 33µH
-10
-70
-80
10
100
-90
1000
100,000
10,000
10
100
1000
100,000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY (DAC TO SPEAKER)
OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(DAC TO SPEAKER)
OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(DAC TO SPEAKER)
-30
POUT = 1.0W
-40
-50
-60
POUT = 0.5W
-70
-80
-90
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
100,000
MCLK = 12.288MHz,
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
2000
1800
1600
THD+N = 10%
1400
1200
1000
800
THD+N = 1%
600
400
3500
MAX9888 toc60
-20
2200
OUTPUT POWER PER CHANNEL (mW)
VSPK_VDD = 3.7V
MCLK = 12.288MHz,
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 4I + 33µH
OUTPUT POWER PER CHANNEL (mW)
MAX9888 toc58
0
-10
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-30
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY (DAC TO SPEAKER)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-30
-20
MAX9888 toc59
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-20
VSPK_VDD = 3.7V
MCLK = 12.288MHz,
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
AVSPK_ = +8dB
-10
THD+N RATIO (dB)
VSPK_VDD = 4.2V
MCLK = 12.288MHz,
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
AVSPK_ = +8dB
-10
0
MAX9888 toc55
0
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY (DAC TO SPEAKER)
MAX9888 toc57
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY (DAC TO SPEAKER)
MCLK = 12.288MHz,
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 4I + 33µH
3000
2500
2000
1500
THD+N = 1%
1000
THD+N = 10%
500
0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
5.0
5.5
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
39
MAX9888
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
(DAC TO SPEAKER)
-1
70
60
30
-3
20
-4
10
-5
0
1000
10,000
100,000
VSPK_VDD = 4.2V
MCLK = 12.288MHz,
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
AVSPK_ = +8dB
15
10
1.0
1.5
3.5
4.0
4.5
2.0
VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P
-20
MAX9888 toc63
VSPK_VDD = 3.7V
MCLK = 12.288MHz,
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
AVSPK_ = +8dB
20
10
0
2.5
5.0
SPK_VDD SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
5.5
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
OUTPUT POWER PER CHANNEL (W)
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE (DAC TO SPEAKER)
RIPPLE ON SPKLVDD,
SPKRVDD
-40
-60
-80
5
0
40
0.5
0
PSRR (dB)
MCLK = 12.288MHz,
LRCLK = 48kHz
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
NI MODE
AVSPK_ = +8dB
ALL ZEROS AT INPUT
3.0
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
40
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY (DAC TO SPEAKER)
MAX9888 toc64
30
2.5
ZSPK = 4I + 33µH
50
OUTPUT POWER PER CHANNEL (W)
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(DAC TO SPEAKER)
20
60
0
0
FREQUENCY (Hz)
25
70
30
0
RIPPLE ON SPKLVDD, SPKRVDD
VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P
f = 1kHz
-20
PSRR (dB)
100
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
40
-2
10
4I ++ 33µH
33µH
ZZSPK
SPK == 4I
50
80
MAX9888 toc66
0
MAX9888 toc62
80
90
EFFICIENCY (%)
1
100
MAX9888 toc65
2
90
EFFICIENCY (%)
NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
3
100
MAX9888 toc61
MCLK = 12.288MHz,
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
4
EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT POWER
(DAC TO SPEAKER)
EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT POWER
(DAC TO SPEAKER)
5
SPK_VDD SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
-40
-60
-80
RIPPLE ON AVDD,
DVDD, HPVDD
-100
-100
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
100,000
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
5.0
5.5
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
CROSSTALK (dB)
MAX9888 toc67
MCLK = 12.288MHz,
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
-20
-30
MAX9888 toc69
MAX9888 toc68
0
-10
SOFTWARE TURN-ON/OFF RESPONSE
(DAC TO SPEAKER, VSEN = 1)
SOFTWARE TURN-ON/OFF RESPONSE
(DAC TO SPEAKER, VSEN = 0)
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
(DAC TO SPEAKER)
-40
-50
SCL
2V/div
SCL
2V/div
SPEAKER
OUTPUT
1V/div
SPEAKER
OUTPUT
1V/div
-60
-70
-80
-90
10
100
1000
10,000
10ms/div
10ms/div
FFT, -60dBFS (DAC TO SPEAKER)
WIDEBAND FFT
(DAC TO SPEAKER)
100,000
FFT, -60dBFS (DAC TO SPEAKER)
-60
-80
-40
-120
-120
-140
0
5000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
15,000
20,000
MAX9888 toc71
-80
-100
MCLK = 13MHz,
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
10
0
-60
-100
20
AMPLITUDE (dBm)
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
-40
MCLK = 13MHz,
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
-20
AMPLITUDE (dbV)
MCLK = 12.288MHz,
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
-20
0
MAX9888 toc70
0
MAX9888 toc72
FREQUENCY (Hz)
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-140
-60
0
5000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
15,000
20,000
1
10
100
FREQUENCY (MHz)
41
MAX9888
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
Line to Speaker
THD+N RATIO (dB)
f = 6000Hz
-50
-30
-40
-60
-70
-70
-80
f = 100Hz
f = 1000Hz
0
POUT = 0.55W
-50
-60
-80
0.4
0.6
100
1000
10
100
FREQUENCY (Hz)
VRIPPLE = 200mVRMS
INPUT AC GROUNDED
0
RIPPLE ON AVDD,
DVDD, HPVDD
-60
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
-10
-20
CROSSTALK (dB)
-20
MAX9888 toc75
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
(LINE TO SPEAKER)
MAX9888 toc76
0
PSRR (dB)
-2
100,000
10,000
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY (LINE TO SPEAKER)
-40
0
-1
-5
10
0.8
1
-4
-90
0.2
2
-3
POUT = 0.25W
OUTPUT POWER (W)
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
RIPPLE ON SPKLVDD,
SPKRVDD
-100
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
42
3
MAX9888 toc77
-40
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
CIN = 1µF
4
NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
-20
-20
-30
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
CIN = 1µF
AVSPK_ = +8dB
-10
5
MAX9888 toc74
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
AVSPK_ = +8dB
-10
0
MAX9888 toc73
0
GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
(LINE TO SPEAKER)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY (LINE TO SPEAKER)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT POWER (LINE TO SPEAKER)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
10,000
-80
-90
100,000
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
100,000
10,000
100,000
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
DAC to Headphone
-40
f = 1000Hz
f = 3000Hz
-50
-60
-70
-40
f = 1000Hz
-50
MAX9888 toc79
f = 6000Hz
-60
-20
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
-40
-50
f = 1000Hz
-60
f = 6000Hz
-80
f = 100Hz
-90
0.05
-30
-70
-80
f = 100Hz
-90
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 32I
AVHP_ = +3dB
-10
-70
-80
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
f = 100Hz
-90
0.05
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
OUTPUT POWER (W)
OUTPUT POWER (W)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT POWER (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT POWER (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY (LINE TO SPEAKER)
-40
-50
f = 1000Hz
-60
-20
f = 6000Hz
-70
-30
-40
f = 6000Hz
f = 1000Hz
-50
-60
-70
-80
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
OUTPUT POWER (W)
0.04
0.05
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
RHP = 32I
AVHP_ = +3dB
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
POUT = 0.01W
-70
-80
f = 100Hz
-90
0
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-30
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 16I
AVHP_ = +3dB
-10
THD+N RATIO (dB)
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 96kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 32I
AVHP_ = +3dB
-20
0
MAX9888 toc81
0
MAX9888 toc83
OUTPUT POWER (W)
-10
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-30
0
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-30
-20
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT POWER (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
MAX9888 toc82
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-20
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
RHP = 32I
AVHP_ = +3dB
-10
THD+N RATIO (dB)
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
RHP = 32I
AVHP_ = +3dB
-10
0
MAX9888 toc78
0
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT POWER (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
MAX9888 toc80
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT POWER (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
f = 100Hz
-90
-80
POUT = 0.02W
-90
0
0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08
OUTPUT POWER (W)
10
100
1000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
43
MAX9888
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
-40
-50
-60
POUT = 0.025W
-70
-40
POUT = 0.025W
-70
-20
1000
10,000
-100
100,000
10
100
1000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
(DAC TO HEADPHONE)
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 16I
-20
-30
-40
-50
POUT = 0.01W
-60
-70
-80
-90
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
100,000
-60
POUT = 0.025W
-70
POUT = 0.01W
-20
-30
MODE = 0
-40
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 8kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 32I
-50
-70
10
100
100
1000
10,000
100,000
HPVDD INPUT CURRENT vs. OUTPUT
POWER (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
MODE = 1
-10
10
FREQUENCY (Hz)
0
-60
POUT = 0.0.25W
-50
100,000
10
MAX9888 toc87
0
-10
-40
-100
120
HPVDD INPUT CURRENT (mA)
100
-30
-90
POUT = 0.01W
MAX9888 toc88
10
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 96kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 32I
AVHP_ = +3dB
-80
-90
POUT = 0.1W
-90
MAX9888 toc86
MAX9888 toc85
-50
-60
0
-10
-80
-80
44
-30
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-30
-20
NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-20
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 32I
AVHP_ = +3dB
-10
THD+N RATIO (dB)
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
RHP = 32I
AVHP_ = +3dB
-10
0
MAX9888 toc84
0
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
MAX9888 toc89
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
100
80
60
40
RHP = 16I
20
RHP = 32I
0
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
100,000
0.01
0.1
1
10
OUTPUT POWER PER CHANNEL (mW)
100
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
-40
RIPPLE ON SPKLVDD,
SPKRVDD
-80
100
1000
10,000
HEADPHONE
OUTPUT
0.5V/div
-70
-80
-100
100,000
10
100
FREQUENCY (Hz)
SOFTWARE TURN-ON/OFF RESPONSE
(DAC TO HEADPHONE, VSEN = 1)
10,000
100,000
0
MCLK = 13MHz,
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
RHP = 32I
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
-20
-40
FFT, -60dBFS (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
0
MCLK = 13MHz,
LRCLK = 8kHz
FREQ MODE
RHP = 32I
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
-60
-80
-100
-120
-120
10ms/div
10ms/div
FFT, 0dBFS (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
MAX9888 toc93
SCL
2V/div
HEADPHONE
OUTPUT
0.5V/div
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
MAX9888 toc95
10
-60
-90
RIPPLE ON AVDD,
DVDD, HPVDD
-100
MAX9888 toc91
-50
SCL
2V/div
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
-60
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 32I
MAX9888 toc94
PSRR (dB)
-20
CROSSTALK (dB)
VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P
INPUT ALL ZEROS
SOFTWARE TURN-ON/OFF RESPONSE
(DAC TO HEADPHONE, VSEN = 0)
MAX9888 toc92
-40
MAX9888 toc90
0
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
(DAC TO HEADPHONE)
-140
-140
-160
0
5000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
15,000
20,000
0
5000
10,000
15,000
20,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
45
MAX9888
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
FFT, -60dBFS (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
FFT, 0dBFS (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
MCLK = 13MHz,
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
RHP = 32I
-20
-40
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
-40
-60
-80
-100
-60
-80
-100
-120
-120
-140
-160
-140
0
5000
10,000
15,000
5000
0
20,000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FFT, 0dBFS (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 32I
-20
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
MAX9888 toc98
0
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
-140
0
5000
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
46
MAX9888 toc97
MCLK = 13MHz,
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
RHP = 32I
-20
0
MAX9888 toc96
0
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
15,000
20,000
15,000
20,000
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
-40
-80
-100
FFT, -60dBFS (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
MAX9888 toc100
-60
-80
-160
10,000
15,000
20,000
5000
0
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
15,000
20,000
-160
5000
0
FREQUENCY (Hz)
20
MAX9888 toc102
-40
-60
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
AVHP_ = -3dB
RHP = 32I
0
AMPLITUDE (dBm)
MCLK = 13MHz
LRCLK = 44.1kHz
PLL MODE
AVHP_ = -3dB
RHP = 32I
-20
15,000
20,000
WIDEBAND FFT, -60dBFS
(DAC TO HEADPHONE)
20
0
10,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
WIDEBAND FFT, 0dBFS
(DAC TO HEADPHONE)
AMPLITUDE (dBm)
-100
MAX9888 toc103
5000
-80
-140
-140
0
-60
-120
-120
-140
MCLK = 2.288MHz
LRCLK = 96kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 32I
-20
-40
-100
-120
0
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
-60
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 96kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 32I
-20
AMPLITUDE (dbV)
-40
AMPLITUDE (dBV)
MAX9888 toc99
MCLK = 12.288MHz
LRCLK = 48kHz
NI MODE
RHP = 32I
-20
FFT, 0dBFS (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
0
MAX9888 toc101
FFT, -60dBFS (DAC TO HEADPHONE)
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-80
-100
-100
0
1
10
100
FREQUENCY (kHz)
1000
10,000
0
1
10
100
1000
10,000
FREQUENCY (kHz)
47
MAX9888
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
Line to Headphone
-40
f = 6000Hz
f = 1000Hz
-60
-30
-40
-50
POUT = 0.01W
-60
f = 100Hz
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
1
0
-1
-2
-4
POUT = 0.025W
-90
0.05
2
-3
-80
-80
10
100
1000
-5
10,000
100,000
10
100
1000
10,000
100,000
OUTPUT POWER (W)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY (LINE TO HEADPHONE)
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
(LINE TO HEADPHONE)
COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY (LINE TO HEADPHONE)
-60
RIPPLE ON SPKLVDD,
SPKRVDD
50
-30
-40
-50
-60
MAX9888 toc109
-20
VOUT = -6dBV
CIN = 1µF
RHP = 32I
60
CMRR (dB)
RIPPLE ON AVDD,
DVDD, HPVDD
RHP = 32I
-10
70
MAX9888 toc108
-20
CROSSTALK (dB)
VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P
-40
0
MAX9888 toc107
0
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB
40
30
AVPGAIN_ = 20dB
20
-70
-80
10
-80
-100
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
48
3
-70
-70
RHP = 32I
CIN = 1µF
4
NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
-30
-50
-20
THD+N RATIO (dB)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-20
RHP = 32I
CIN = 1µF
-10
5
MAX9888 toc105
RHP = 32I
AVHP_ = +3dB
-10
0
MAX9888 toc104
0
GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
(LINE TO HEADPHONE)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY (LINE TO HEADPHONE)
MAX9888 toc106
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT POWER (LINE TO HEADPHONE)
PSRR (dB)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
10,000
100,000
0
-90
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
100,000
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
10,000
100,000
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
(VAVDD = VHPVDD = VDVDD = VDVDDS1 = VDVDDS2 = +1.8V, VSPKLVDD = VSPKRVDD = 3.7V. Speaker loads (ZSPK) connected
between SPK_P and SPK_N. Receiver load (RREC) connected between RECP and RECN. Headphone loads (RHP) connected from
HPL or HPR to GND. RHP = J, RREC = J, ZSPK = J, CREF = 2.2FF, CMICBIAS = CPREG = CREG = 1FF, CC1N-C1P = 1FF, CHPVSS
= 1FF. AVMICPRE_ = +20dB, AVMICPGA_ = 0dB, AVDACATTN = 0dB, AVDACGAIN = 0dB, AVADCLVL = 0dB, AVADCGAIN = 0dB,
AVPGAIN_ = 0dB, AVPGAOUT_ = 0dB, AVHP_ = 0dB, AVREC = 0dB, AVSPK_ = 0dB, MCLK = 12.288MHz, LRCLK = 48kHz, MAS =
1. TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.)
Speaker Bypass Switch
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION
PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER
(SPEAKER BYPASS SWITCH)
RECEIVER AMPLIFIER DRIVING
LOUDSPEAKER
ZSPK = 8I + 68µH
-10
3.0
RON (I)
-40
-50
ISW = 20mA
3.5
-30
2.5
2.0
VSPK_VDD = 3.0V
VSPK_VDD = 3.7V
1.5
f = 6000Hz
VSPK_VDD = 4.2V
1.0
-60
-70
f = 1000Hz
f = 100Hz
VSPK_VDD = 5.0V
0.5
0
-80
0.05
0.10
0.15
1
0
0.20
2
3
4
5
6
VCOM (V)
OUTPUT POWER (W)
OFF-ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY
(SPEAKER BYPASS SWITCH)
0
SPEAKER AMP DRIVING LOUDSPEAKER
SPEAKER BYPASS SWITCH OPEN
MEASURED AT RXIN_
-20
MAX9888 toc112
0
OFF-ISOLATION (dB)
THD+N RATIO (dB)
-20
4.0
MAX9888 toc110
0
MAX9888 toc111
ON RESISTANCE vs. VCOM
(SPEAKER BYPASS SWITCH)
-40
50I LOAD ON RXIN_
-60
-80
RECEIVER AMP DRIVING RXIN_
-100
-120
10
100
1000
10,000
100,000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
49
MAX9888
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
MAX9888
Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
(BUMP SIDE DOWN)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
SPKRN
SPKRGND
SPKLVDD
SPKLP
SPKLN
RECP/
RXINP
HPVDD
HPGND
HPVSS
B
SPKRN
SPKRGND
SPKLVDD
SPKLP
SPKLN
RECN/
RXINN
C1P
C1N
HPL
C
SPKRP
SPKRP
SPKRVDD
SPKLGND
SPKLGND
HPSNS
N.C.
INB2
HPR
MAX9888
D
BCLKS1
LRCLKS1
SPKRVDD
SDINS1
N.C.
JACKSNS
N.C.
INB1
INA2/
EXTMICN
E
DVDDS1
MCLK
N.C.
SDOUTS1
IRQ
N.C.
N.C.
MIC1P/
DIGMICDATA
INA1/
EXTMICP
F
DGND
BCLKS2
LRCLKS2
SDA
SCL
REG
REF
DIGMICCLK
MIC2P
G
SDOUTS2
DVDDS2
SDINS2
DVDD
AVDD
PREG
AGND
MICBIAS
MIC2N
50
MIC1N/
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
PIN
NAME
A1, B1
SPKRN
FUNCTION
A2, B2
SPKRGND
Right-Speaker Ground
A3, B3
SPKLVDD
Left-Speaker, REF, Receiver Amplifier Power Supply. Bypass to SPKLGND with a 1FF and a 10FF
capacitor.
Negative Right-Channel Class D Speaker Output
A4, B4
SPKLP
Positive Left-Channel Class D Speaker Output
A5, B5
SPKLN
Negative Left-Channel Class D Speaker Output
A6
RECP/RXINP
Positive Receiver Amplifier Output. Can be positive bypass switch input when receiver amp is shut
down.
A7
HPVDD
Headphone Power Supply. Bypass to HPGND with a 1FF capacitor.
A8
HPGND
Headphone Ground
A9
HPVSS
Inverting Charge-Pump Output. Bypass to HPGND with a 1FF ceramic capacitor.
B6
RECN/RXINN
B7
C1P
Charge-Pump Flying Capacitor Positive Terminal. Connect a 1FF ceramic capacitor between C1N
and C1P.
B8
C1N
Charge-Pump Flying Capacitor Negative Terminal. Connect a 1FF ceramic capacitor between C1N
and C1P.
B9
HPL
Left-Channel Headphone Output
Negative Receiver Amplifier Output. Can be negative bypass switch input when receiver amp is shut
down.
C1, C2
SPKRP
C3, D3
SPKRVDD
Positive Right-Channel Class D Speaker Output
Right-Speaker Power Supply. Bypass to SPKRGND with a 1FF capacitor.
C4, C5
SPKLGND
Left-Speaker Ground
C6
HPSNS
C7, D5, D7,
E3, E6, E7
N.C.
No Connection
C8
INB2
Single-Ended Line Input B2. Also positive differential line input B.
C9
HPR
Right-Channel Headphone Output
D1
BCLKS1
S1 Digital Audio Bit Clock Input/Output. BCLKS1 is an input when the MAX9888 is in slave mode and
an output when in master mode. The input/output voltage is referenced to DVDDS1.
D2
LRCLKS1
S1 Digital Audio Left-Right Clock Input/Output. LRCLKS1 is the audio sample rate clock and
determines whether S1 audio data is routed to the left or right channel. In TDM mode, LRCLKS1 is a
frame sync pulse. LRCLKS1 is an input when the MAX9888 is in slave mode and an output when in
master mode. The input/output voltage is referenced to DVDDS1.
D4
SDINS1
D6
JACKSNS
D8
INB1
D9
INA2/
EXTMICN
Headphone Amplifier Ground Sense. Connect to the headphone jack ground terminal or connect to
ground.
S1 Digital Audio Serial-Data DAC Input. The input voltage is referenced to DVDDS1.
Jack Sense. Detects the insertion of a jack. See the Headset Detection section.
Single-Ended Line Input B1. Also negative differential line input B.
Single-Ended Line Input A2. Also positive differential line input A or negative differential external
microphone input.
51
MAX9888
Pin Description
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
MAX9888
Pin Description (continued)
PIN
NAME
E1
DVDDS1
E2
MCLK
E4
SDOUTS1
E5
E8
Master Clock Input. Acceptable input frequency range is 10MHz to 60MHz.
S1 Digital Audio Serial-Data ADC Output. The output voltage is referenced to DVDDS1.
Hardware Interrupt Output. IRQ can be programmed to pull low when bits in status register 0x00
change state. Read status register 0x00 to clear IRQ once set. Repeat faults have no effect on IRQ
until it is cleared by reading the I2C status register 0x00. Connect a 10kI pullup resistor to DVDD for
full output swing.
MIC1P/
Positive Differential Microphone 1 Input. AC-couple a microphone with a series 1FF capacitor. Can
DIGMICDATA be retasked as a digital microphone data input.
E9
INA1/
EXTMICP
F1
DGND
F2
BCLKS2
S2 Digital Audio Bit Clock Input/Output. BCLKS2 is an input when the IC is in slave mode and an
output when in master mode. The input/output voltage is referenced to DVDDS2.
F3
LRCLKS2
S2 Digital Audio Left-Right Clock Input/Output. LRCLKS2 is the audio sample rate clock and
determines whether audio data on S2 is routed to the left or right channel. In TDM mode, LRCLKS2 is
a frame sync pulse. LRCLKS2 is an input when the IC is in slave mode and an output when in master
mode. The input/output voltage is referenced to DVDDS2.
Single-Ended Line Input A1. Also negative differential line input A or positive differential external
microphone input.
Digital Ground
F4
SDA
I2C Serial-Data Input/Output. Connect a pullup resistor to DVDD for full output swing.
F5
SCL
I2C Serial-Clock Input
F6
REG
Common-Mode Voltage Reference. Bypass to AGND with a 1FF capacitor.
F7
REF
Converter Reference. Bypass to AGND with a 2.2FF capacitor.
F8
52
IRQ
FUNCTION
S1 Digital Audio Interface Power-Supply Input. Bypass to DGND with a 1FF capacitor.
MIC1N/
Negative Differential Microphone 1 Input. AC-couple a microphone with a series 1FF capacitor. Can
DIGMICCLK be retasked as a digital microphone clock output.
F9
MIC2P
G1
SDOUTS2
Positive Differential Microphone 2 Input. AC-couple a microphone with a series 1FF capacitor.
S2 Digital Audio Serial-Data ADC Output. The output voltage is referenced to DVDDS2.
G2
DVDDS2
S2 Digital Audio Interface Power-Supply Input. Bypass to DGND with a 1FF capacitor.
G3
SDINS2
S2 Digital Audio Serial-Data DAC Input. The input voltage is referenced to DVDDS2.
G4
DVDD
Digital Power Supply. Supply for the digital core and I2C interface. Bypass to DGND with a 1FF
capacitor.
G5
AVDD
Analog Power Supply. Bypass to AGND with a 1FF capacitor.
G6
PREG
Positive Internal Regulated Supply. Bypass to AGND with a 1FF capacitor.
G7
AGND
Analog Ground
G8
MICBIAS
G9
MIC2N
Low-Noise Bias Voltage. Outputs a 2.2V microphone bias. An external resistor in the 2.2kI to 1kI
range should be used to set the microphone current.
Negative Differential Microphone 2 Input. AC-couple a microphone with a series 1FF capacitor.
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
The MAX9888 is a fully integrated stereo audio codec
with FLEXSOUND technology and integrated amplifiers.
Two differential microphone amplifiers can accept signals from three analog inputs. One input can be retasked
to support two digital microphones. Any combination of
two microphones (analog or digital) can be recorded
simultaneously. The analog signals are amplified up
to 50dB and recorded by the stereo ADC. The digital
record path supports voice filtering with selectable
preset highpass filters and high stopband attenuation
at fS/2. An automatic gain control (AGC) circuit monitors the digitized signal and automatically adjusts the
analog microphone gain to make best use of the ADC’s
dynamic range. A noise gate attenuates signals below
the user-defined threshold to minimize the noise output
by the ADC.
The IC includes two analog line inputs. One of the line
inputs can be optionally retasked as a third analog microphone input. Both line inputs support either stereo singleended input signals or mono differential signals. The line
inputs are preamplified and then routed either to the ADC
for recording or to the output amplifiers for playback.
Integrated analog switches allow two differential microphone signals to be routed out the third microphone
input to an external device. This eliminates the need
for an external analog switch in systems that have two
devices recording signals from the same microphone.
Through two digital audio interfaces, the device can
transmit one stereo audio signal and receive two stereo
audio signals in a wide range of formats including I2S,
PCM, and up to four mono slots in TDM. Each interface
can be connected to either of two audio ports (S1 and
S2) for communication with external devices. Both audio
interfaces support 8kHz to 96kHz sample rates. Each
input signal is independently equalized using 5-band
parametric equalizers. A multiband automatic level
control (ALC) boosts signals by up to 12dB. One signal
path additionally supports the same voiceband filtering
as the ADC path.
The IC includes a differential receiver amplifier, stereo
Class D speaker amplifiers, and DirectDrive true ground
stereo headphone amplifiers.
When the receiver amplifier is disabled, analog switches
allow RECP/RXINP and RECN/RXINN to be reused for
signal routing. In systems where a single transducer is
used for both the loudspeaker and receiver, an external receiver amplifier can be routed to the left speaker
through RECP/RXINP and RECN/RXINN, bypassing the
Class D amplifier, to connect to the loudspeaker. If the
internal receiver amplifier is used, then leave RECP/
RXINP and RECN/RXINN unconnected. In systems
where an external amplifier drives both the receiver and
the MAX9888’s input, one of the differential signals can
be disconnected from the receiver when not needed
by passing it through the analog switch that connects
RECP/RXINP to RECN/RXINN.
The stereo Class D amplifier provides efficient amplification for two speakers. The amplifier includes active
emissions limiting to minimize the radiated emissions
(EMI) traditionally associated with Class D. In most
systems, no output filtering is required to meet standard
EMI limits.
To optimize speaker sound quality, the IC includes an
excursion limiter, a distortion limiter, and a power limiter.
The excursion limiter is a dynamic highpass filter with
variable corner frequency that increases in response
to high signal levels. Low-frequency energy typically
causes more distortion than useful sound at high signal levels, so attenuating low frequencies allows the
speaker to play louder without distortion or damage. At
lower signal levels, the filter corner frequency reduces
to pass more low frequency energy when the speaker
can handle it. The distortion limiter reduces the volume
when the output signal exceeds a preset distortion level.
This ensures that regardless of input signal and battery
voltage, excessive distortion is never heard by the user.
The power limiter monitors the continuous power into the
loudspeaker and lowers the signal level if the speaker is
at risk of overheating.
The stereo DirectDrive headphone amplifier uses an
inverting charge pump to generate a ground-referenced
output signal. This eliminates the need for DC-blocking
capacitors or a midrail bias for the headphone jack
ground return. Ground sense reduces output noise
caused by ground return current.
The IC integrates jack detection allowing the detection
of insertion and removal of accessories as well as button
presses.
53
MAX9888
Detailed Description
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
I2C Slave Address
Configure the MAX9888 using the I2C control bus. The
IC uses a slave address of 0x20 or 00100000 for write
operations and 0x21 or 00100001 for read operations.
See the I2C Serial Interface section for a complete interface description.
Registers
Table 1 lists all of the registers, their addresses, and
power-on-reset states. Registers 0x00 to 0x03 and 0xFF
are read-only while all of the other registers are read/
write. Write zeros to all unused bits in the register table
when updating the register, unless otherwise noted.
Table 1. Register Map
REGISTER
B7
B6
B5
B4
B3
B2
B1
B0
CLD
SLD
ULK
—
—
—
JDET
—
ADDRESS DEFAULT R/W PAGE
STATUS
Status
Microphone
AGC/NG
NG
Jack Status
AGC
JKSNS
—
—
Battery
Voltage
—
—
—
Interrupt
Enable
ICLD
ISLD
IULK
—
—
—
—
VBAT
0
0x00
—
R
103
0x01
—
R
65
0x02
—
R
101
0x03
—
R/W
102
0
0
IJDET
0
0x0F
0x00
R/W
103
0
0
0
0
0x10
0x00
R/W
76
0x11
0x00
R/W
76
MASTER CLOCK CONTROL
Master Clock
0
0
PSCLK
DAI1 CLOCK CONTROL
Clock Mode
Any Clock
Control
SR1
FREQ1
PLL1
NI1[14:8]
NI1[7:1]
0x12
0x00
R/W
77
NI1[0]
0x13
0x00
R/W
77
WS1
0x14
0x00
R/W
71
0x15
0x00
R/W
72
0x16
0x00
R/W
72
0x17
0x00
R/W
73
0x18
0x00
R/W
79
DAI1 CONFIGURATION
Format
MAS1
WCI1
BCI1
DLY1
0
0
0
Clock
OSR1
0
I/O
Configuration
SEL1
LTEN1
Time-Division
Multiplex
SLOTL1
Filters
FSW1
BSEL1
LBEN1 DMONO1 HIZOFF1 SDOEN1 SDIEN1
SLOTR1
MODE1
TDM1
SLOTDLY1
AVFLT1
DHF1
DVFLT1
DAI2 CLOCK CONTROL
Clock Mode
Any Clock
Control
SR2
0
PLL2
0
0
0
0x19
0x00
R/W
76
0x1A
0x00
R/W
77
NI2[0]
0x1B
0x00
R/W
77
WS2
0x1C
0x00
R/W
71
0x1D
0x00
R/W
72
0x1E
0x00
R/W
72
NI2[14:8]
NI2[7:1]
DAI2 CONFIGURATION
Format
MAS2
WCI2
BCI2
DLY2
0
Clock
0
0
0
0
0
I/O
Configuration
54
SEL2
0
TDM2
FSW2
BSEL2
LBEN2 DMONO2 HIZOFF2 SDOEN2 SDIEN2
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
REGISTER
B7
Time-Division
Multiplex
Filters
B6
B5
SLOTL2
0
B4
B3
SLOTR2
0
0
B2
B1
B0
SLOTDLY2
0
DHF2
0
0
DCB2
ADDRESS DEFAULT R/W PAGE
0x1F
0x00
R/W
73
0x20
0x00
R/W
79
0x21
0x00
R/W
85
MIXERS
DAC Mixer
MIXDAL
MIXDAR
Left ADC
Mixer
MIXADL
0x22
0x00
R/W
64
Right ADC
Mixer
MIXADR
0x23
0x00
R/W
64
Preoutput 1
Mixer
0
0
0
0
MIXOUT1
0x24
0x00
R/W
86
Preoutput 2
Mixer
0
0
0
0
MIXOUT2
0x25
0x00
R/W
86
Preoutput 3
Mixer
0
0
0
0
MIXOUT3
0x26
0x00
R/W
86
MIXHPR
0x27
0x00
R/W
97
MIXREC
0x28
0x00
R/W
88
MIXSPR
0x29
0x00
R/W
90
0x2A
0x00
R/W
69
DV1
0x2B
0x00
R/W
84
Headphone
Amplifier
Mixer
Receiver
Amplifier
Mixer
MIXHPL
0
0
Speaker
Amplifier
Mixer
0
0
MIXSPL
LEVEL CONTROL
Sidetone
DSTS
0
DVST
DAI1
Playback
Level
DV1M
0
DAI1
Playback
Level
0
0
0
EQCLP1
DVEQ1
0x2C
0x00
R/W
83
DAI2
Playback
Level
DV2M
0
0
0
DV2
0x2D
0x00
R/W
84
DAI2
Playback
Level
0
0
0
EQCLP2
DVEQ2
0x2E
0x00
R/W
83
Left ADC
Level
0
0
AVLG
AVL
0x2F
0x00
R/W
68
Right ADC
Level
0
0
AVRG
AVR
0x30
0x00
R/W
68
Microphone
1 Input Level
0
0x31
0x00
R/W
61
DV1G
PA1EN
PGAM1
55
MAX9888
Table 1. Register Map (continued)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Table 1. Register Map (continued)
REGISTER
B7
Microphone
2 Input Level
B6
B5
B4
B3
0
INA Input
Level
0
INAEXT
0
0
0
INB Input
Level
0
INBEXT
0
0
0
Preoutput 1
Level
0
0
0
0
Preoutput 2
Level
0
0
0
Preoutput 3
Level
0
0
0
Left
Headphone
Amplifier
Volume
Control
HPLM
0
0
Right
Headphone
Amplifier
Volume
Control
HPRM
0
Receiver
Amplifier
Volume
Control
RECM
Left Speaker
Amplifier
Volume
Control
Right
Speaker
Amplifier
Volume
Control
PA2EN
B2
B1
B0
PGAM2
ADDRESS DEFAULT R/W PAGE
0x32
0x00
R/W
61
PGAINA
0x33
0x00
R/W
63
PGAINB
0x34
0x00
R/W
63
PGAOUT1
0x35
0x00
R/W
87
0
PGAOUT2
0x36
0x00
R/W
87
0
PGAOUT3
0x37
0x00
R/W
87
HPVOLL
0x38
0x00
R/W
97
0
HPVOLR
0x39
0x00
R/W
97
0
0
RECVOL
0x3A
0x00
R/W
88
SPLM
0
0
SPVOLL
0x3B
0x00
R/W
90
SPRM
0
0
SPVOLR
0x3C
0x00
R/W
90
MICROPHONE AGC
Configuration AGCSRC
AGCRLS
Threshold
AGCATK
ANTH
AGCHLD
AGCTH
0x3D
0x00
R/W
65
0x3E
0x00
R/W
66
0x3F
0x00
R/W
92
SPEAKER SIGNAL PROCESSING
Excursion
Limiter Filter
0
Excursion
Limiter
Threshold
0
ALC
56
ALCEN
DHPUCF
0
0
ALCRLS
0
0
0
DHPLCF
0
DHPTH
0x40
0x00
R/W
92
ALCMB
ALCTH
0x41
0x00
R/W
82
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
REGISTER
B7
B6
B5
Power Limiter
PWRTH
Power Limiter
PWRT2
Distortion
Limiter
B4
B3
B2
0
B1
B0
PWRK
0x42
0x00
R/W
93
0x43
0x00
R/W
94
0x44
0x00
R/W
95
0x45
0x00
R/W
63
0x46
0x00
R/W
61
EQ1EN
0x47
0x00
R/W 99, 83
PWRT1
THDCLP
0
ADDRESS DEFAULT R/W PAGE
THDT1
CONFIGURATION
Audio Input
INADIFF INBDIFF
Microphone
MICCLK
0
0
DIGMICL DIGMICR
0
0
0
0
0
0
EXTMIC
Level Control
VS2EN
VSEN
ZDEN
0
0
0
Bypass
Switches
EQ2EN
INABYP
0
0
MIC2BYP
0
0
RECBYP SPKBYP
0x48
0x00
R/W 62, 98
Jack
Detection
JDETEN
0
0
0
0
0
JDEB
0x49
0x00
R/W
101
POWER MANAGEMENT INAEN
INBEN
0
0
MBEN
0
ADLEN
ADREN
0x4A
0x00
R/W
59
Output Enable HPLEN
Input Enable
HPREN
SPLEN
SPREN
RECEN
0
DALEN
DAREN
0x4B
0x00
R/W
59
System
Enable
VBATEN
0
0
0
0
JDWK
0
0x4C
0x00
R/W
59
K_1[15:8]
0x50/0x82
0xXX
R/W
82
SHDN
DSP COEFFICIENTS EQ Band 1
(DAI1/DAI2)
EQ Band 2
(DAI1/DAI2)
K_1[7:0]
0x51/0x83
0xXX
R/W
82
K1_1[15:8]
0x52/0x84
0xXX
R/W
82
K1_1[7:0]
0x53/0x85
0xXX
R/W
82
K2_1[15:8]
0x54/0x86
0xXX
R/W
82
K2_1[7:0]
0x55/0x87
0xXX
R/W
82
c1_1[15:8]
0x56/0x88
0xXX
R/W
82
c1_1[7:0]
0x57/0x89
0xXX
R/W
82
c2_1[15:8]
0x58/0x8A
0xXX
R/W
82
c2_1[7:0]
0x59/0x8B
0xXX
R/W
82
K_2[15:8]
0x5A/0x8C
0xXX
R/W
82
K_2[7:0]
0x5B/0x8D
0xXX
R/W
82
K1_2[15:8]
0x5C/0x8E
0xXX
R/W
82
K1_2[7:0]
0x5D/0x8F
0xXX
R/W
82
K2_2[15:8]
0x5E/0x90
0xXX
R/W
82
K2_2[7:0]
0x5F/0x91
0xXX
R/W
82
c1_2[15:8]
0x60/0x92
0xXX
R/W
82
c1_2[7:0]
0x61/0x93
0xXX
R/W
82
c2_2[15:8]
0x62/0x94
0xXX
R/W
82
c2_2[7:0]
0x63/0x95
0xXX
R/W
82
57
MAX9888
Table 1. Register Map (continued)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Table 1. Register Map (continued)
REGISTER
EQ Band 3
(DAI1/DAI2)
EQ Band 4
(DAI1/DAI2)
EQ Band 5
(DAI1/DAI2)
Excursion
Limiter
Biquad
(DAI1/DAI2)
B7
B6
B5
B4
B3
B2
B1
B0
ADDRESS DEFAULT R/W PAGE
K_3[15:8]
0x64/0x96
0xXX
R/W
82
K_3[7:0]
0x65/0x97
0xXX
R/W
82
K1_3[15:8]
0x66/0x98
0xXX
R/W
82
K1_3[7:0]
0x67/0x99
0xXX
R/W
82
K2_3[15:8]
0x68/0x9A
0xXX
R/W
82
K2_3[7:0]
0x69/0x9B
0xXX
R/W
82
c1_3[15:8]
0x6A/0x9C
0xXX
R/W
82
c1_3[7:0]
0x6B/0x9D
0xXX
R/W
82
c2_3[15:8]
0x6C/0x9E
0xXX
R/W
82
c2_3[7:0]
0x6D/0x9F
0xXX
R/W
82
K_4[15:8]
0x6E/0xA0
0xXX
R/W
82
K_4[7:0]
0x6F/0xA1
0xXX
R/W
82
K1_4[15:8]
0x70/0xA2
0xXX
R/W
82
K1_4[7:0]
0x71/0xA3
0xXX
R/W
82
K2_4[15:8]
0x72/0xA4
0xXX
R/W
82
K2_4[7:0]
0x73/0xA5
0xXX
R/W
82
c1_4[15:8]
0x74/0xA6
0xXX
R/W
82
c1_4[7:0]
0x75/0xA7
0xXX
R/W
82
c2_4[15:8]
0x76/0xA8
0xXX
R/W
82
c2_4[7:0]
0x77/0xA9
0xXX
R/W
82
K_5[15:8]
0x78/0xAA
0xXX
R/W
82
K_5[7:0]
0x79/0xAB
0xXX
R/W
82
K1_5[15:8]
0x7A/0xAC
0xXX
R/W
82
K1_5[7:0]
0x7B/0xAD
0xXX
R/W
82
K2_5[15:8]
0x7C/0xAE
0xXX
R/W
82
K2_5[7:0]
0x7D/0xAF
0xXX
R/W
82
c1_5[15:8]
0x7E/0xB0
0xXX
R/W
82
c1_5[7:0]
0x7F/0xB1
0xXX
R/W
82
c2_5[15:8]
0x80/0xB2
0xXX
R/W
82
c2_5[7:0]
0x81/0xB3
0xXX
R/W
82
a1[15:8]
0xB4/0xBE
0xXX
R/W
91
a1[7:0]
0xB5/0xBF
0xXX
R/W
91
a2[15:8]
0xB6/0xC0
0xXX
R/W
91
a2[7:0]
0xB7/0xC1
0xXX
R/W
91
b0[15:8]
0xB8/0xC2
0xXX
R/W
91
b0[7:0]
0xB9/0xC3
0xXX
R/W
91
b1[15:8]
0xBA/0xC4
0xXX
R/W
91
b1[7:0]
0xBB/0xC5
0xXX
R/W
91
b2[15:8]
0xBC/0xC6
0xXX
R/W
91
b2[7:0]
0xBD/0xC7
0xXX
R/W
91
REV
0xFF
0x43
R
104
REVISION ID
Rev ID
58
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Table 2. Power Management Registers
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
7
SHDN
6
VBATEN
1
JDWK
7
INAEN
6
INBEN
3
MBEN
1
ADLEN
0
ADREN
7
HPLEN
6
HPREN
5
SPLEN
4
SPREN
3
RECEN
1
DALEN
0
DAREN
0x4C
0x4A
0x4B
DESCRIPTION
Global Shutdown
Disables everything except the headset detection circuitry, which is controlled
separately.
0 = Device shutdown
1 = Device enabled
See the Battery Measurement section.
See the Headset Detection section.
Line Input A Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Line Input B Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Microphone Bias Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Left ADC Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Right ADC Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Left Headphone Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Right Headphone Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Left Speaker Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Right Speaker Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Receiver Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Left DAC Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Right DAC Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
59
MAX9888
Power Management
The IC includes comprehensive power management to allow the disabling of all unused circuits, minimizing supply
current.
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Microphone Inputs
The device includes three differential microphone inputs
and a low-noise microphone bias for powering the microphones (Figure 6). One microphone input can also be configured as a digital microphone input accepting signals
from up to two digital microphones. Two microphones,
analog or digital, can be recorded simultaneously.
In the typical application, one microphone input is used
for the handset microphone and the other is used as an
accessory microphone. In systems using a background
noise microphone, INA can be retasked as another
microphone input.
In systems where the codec is not the only device
recording microphone signals, connect microphones to
MIC2P/MIC2N and EXTMICP/EXTMICN. MIC1P/MIC1N
then become outputs that route the microphone signals
to an external device as needed. Two devices can then
record microphone signals without needing external
analog switches.
Analog microphone signals are amplified by two stages
of gain and then routed to the ADCs. The first stage offers
selectable 0dB, 20dB, or 30dB settings. The second
stage is a programmable-gain amplifier (PGA) adjustable
from 0dB to 20dB in 1dB steps. To maximize the signalto-noise ratio, use the gain in the first stage whenever
possible. Zero-crossing detection is included on the PGA
to minimize zipper noise while making gain changes.
MCLK
MICBIAS
PSCLK
REG
CLOCK
CONTROL
MBEN
MIC1P/
DIGMICDATA
PGAM1:
+20dB TO 0dB
MIC1N/
DIGMICCLK
EXTMIC
MIC2BYP
PA1EN:
0/20/30dB
ADLEN
MIC2P
MIX
ADCL
MIC2N
EXTMIC
INABYP
PA2EN:
0/20/30dB
PGAM1:
+20dB TO 0dB
MIXADL
PGAINA:
+20dB TO -6dB
MIX
INA1/EXTMICP
INADIFF
PGAINA:
+20dB TO -6dB
Figure 6. Microphone Input Block Diagram
60
ADREN
MIXADR
INA2/EXTMICN
ADCR
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
6
PA1EN/PA2EN
5
3
0x31/0x32
PGAM1/PGAM2
1
0
7
MICCLK
6
5
GAIN (dB)
VALUE
0x00
+20
0x0B
+9
0x01
+19
0x0C
+8
0x02
+18
0x0D
+7
0x03
+17
0x0E
+6
0x04
+16
0x0F
+5
0x05
+15
0x10
+4
+14
0x11
+3
0x07
+13
0x12
+2
0x08
+12
0x13
+1
0x09
+11
0x14 to 0x1F
0
0x0A
+10
Digital Microphone Clock Frequency
Select a frequency that is within the digital microphone’s clock frequency range.
Set OSR1 = 1 when using a digital microphone.
00 = PCLK/8
01 = PCLK/6
10 = 64 x LRCLK
11 = Reserved
DIGMICR
Right Digital Microphone Enable
Set PAR1EN = 00 for proper operation.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
EXTMIC
GAIN (dB)
0x06
DIGMICL
1
0
VALUE
Left Digital Microphone Enable
Set PAL1EN = 00 for proper operation.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
0x46
4
DESCRIPTION
MIC1/MIC2 Preamplifier Gain
Course microphone gain adjustment.
00 = Preamplifier disabled
01 = 0dB
10 = 20dB
11 = 30dB
MIC1/MIC2 PGA
Fine microphone gain adjustment.
4
2
MAX9888
Table 3. Microphone Input Registers
External Microphone Connection
Routes INA_/EXTMIC_ to the microphone preamplifiers. Set INAEN = 0 when using
INA_/EXTMIC_ as a microphone input.
00 = Disabled
01 = MIC1 input
10 = MIC2 input
11 = Reserved
61
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Table 3. Microphone Input Registers (continued)
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
7
INABYP
4
MIC2BYP
1
RECBYP
0x48
DESCRIPTION
INA_/EXTMIC_ to MIC1_ Bypass Switch
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
MIC1_ to MIC2_ Bypass Switch
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
See the Output Bypass Switches section.
0
SPKBYP
Line Inputs
The device includes two sets of line inputs (Figure 7).
Each set can be configured as a stereo single-ended
input or as a mono differential input. Each input includes
adjustable gain to match a wide range of input signal
levels. If a custom gain is needed, the external gain
mode provides a trimmed feedback resistor. Set the gain
by choosing the appropriate input resistor and using the
following formula:
AVPGAIN = 20 x log (20K/RIN)
The external gain mode also allows summing multiple
signals into a single input, by connecting multiple input
resistors as show in Figure 8, and inputting signals larger
than 1VP-P.
INABYP
INA1/
EXTMICP
PGAINA:
+20dB TO -6dB
INADIFF
INA2/
EXTMICN
PGAINA:
+20dB TO -6dB
MIX
MIXOUT1
PGAINB:
+20dB TO -6dB
MIX
INB1
INBDIFF
PGAINB:
+20dB TO -6dB
MIXOUT2
LEFT
INPUT 1
LEFT
INPUT 2
20kI
INA1/EXTMICP
VCM
RIGHT
INPUT 1
RIGHT
INPUT 2
20kI
INA2/EXTMICN
VCM
MIX
INB2
MIXOUT3
Figure 7. Line Input Block Diagram
62
Figure 8. Summing Multiple Input Signals into INA/INB
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
REGISTER
BIT
6
0x33/0x34
NAME
DESCRIPTION
INAEXT/INBEXT
2
1
PGAINA/PGAINB
0
7
INADIFF
6
INBDIFF
0x45
Line Input A/B External Gain
Switches out the internal input resistor and selects a trimmed 20kI feedback resistor.
Use an external input resistor to set the gain of the line input.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Line Input A/B Internal Gain Settings
000 = +20dB
001 = +14dB
010 = +3dB
011 = 0dB
100 = -3dB
101 = -6dB
110 = -6dB
111 = -6dB
Line Input A Differential Enable
0 = Stereo single-ended input
1 = Mono differential input
Line Input B Differential Enable
0 = Stereo single-ended input
1 = Mono differential input
ADC Input Mixers
The device’s stereo ADC accepts input from the microphone amplifiers and line inputs. The ADC mixer routes
any combination of the six audio inputs to the left and
right ADCs (Figure 9).
PGAM1:
+20dB TO 0dB
PA1EN:
0/20/30dB
ADLEN
MIX
ADCL
PGAM2:
+20dB TO 0dB
MIXADL
PA2EN:
0/20/30dB
MIX
INADIFF
+
ADCR
ADREN
PGAINA:
+20dB TO -6dB
MIXADR
PGAINA:
+20dB TO -6dB
PGAINB:
+20dB TO -6dB
INBDIFF
+
PGAINB:
+20dB TO -6dB
Figure 9. ADC Input Mixer Block Diagram
63
MAX9888
Table 4. Line Input Registers
Table 5. ADC Input Mixer Register
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
DESCRIPTION
7
6
5
0x22/0x23
4
3
MIXADL/MIXADR
2
1
0
Left/Right ADC Input Mixer
Selects which analog inputs are recorded by the left/right ADC.
1xxxxxxx = MIC1
x1xxxxxx = MIC2
xx1xxxxx = Reserved
xxx1xxxx = Reserved
xxxx1xxx = INA1
xxxxx1xx = INA2 (INADIFF = 0) or INA2 - INA1 (INADIFF = 1)
xxxxxx1x = INB1
xxxxxxx1 = INB2 (INBDIFF = 0) or INB2 - INB1 (INBDIFF = 1)
Record Path Signal Processing
The device’s record signal path includes both automatic
gain control (AGC) for the microphone inputs and a digital noise gate at the output of the ADC (Figure 10).
Microphone AGC
The IC’s AGC monitors the signal level at the output of
the ADC and then adjusts the MIC1 and MIC2 analog
PGA settings automatically. When the signal level is
below the predefined threshold, the gain is increased up
to its maximum (20dB). If the signal exceeds the threshold, the gain is reduced to prevent the output signal level
exceeding the threshold. When AGC is enabled, the
microphone PGA is not user programmable. The AGC
provides a more constant signal level and improves the
available ADC dynamic range.
Noise Gate
Since the AGC increases the levels of all signals below
a user-defined threshold, the noise floor is effectively
increased by 20dB. To counteract this, the noise gate
reduces the gain at low signal levels. Unlike typical noise
gates that completely silence the output below a defined
level, the noise gate in the IC applies downward expansion. The noise gate attenuates the output at a rate of
1dB for each 2dB the signal is below the threshold.
The noise gate can be used in conjunction with the AGC
or on its own. When the AGC is enabled, the noise gate
reduces the output level only when the AGC has set the
gain to the maximum setting. Figure 11 shows the gain
response resulting from using the AGC and noise gate.
AGC AND NOISE GATE
AMPLITUDE RESPONSE
PGAM1:
+20dB TO -6dB
0
NOISE GATE
AUTOMATIC
GAIN
CONTROL
PA1EN:
0/20/30dB
PGAM2:
+20dB TO 0dB
AGC ONLY
AUDIO/
VOICE
FILTERS
ADLEN
MIX
MODE1
AVFLT
ADCL
AVLG: 0/6/12/18dB
AVL: 3dB TO -12dB
MIXADL
PA2EN:
0/20/30dB
MIX
MIXADR
AGC AND NOISE GATE
-40
-60
AGC AND NOISE
GATE DISABLED
-80
NOISE GATE ONLY
ADCR
ADREN
-20
OUTPUT AMPLITUDE (dBFS)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
-100
AVRG: 0/6/12/18dB
AVR: 3dB TO -2dB
-120
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
INPUT AMPLITUDE (dBFS)
Figure 10. Record Path Signal Processing Block Diagram
64
Figure 11. AGC and Noise Gate Input vs. Output Gain
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
7
6
NG
5
0x01
3
AGC
1
0
7
GAIN (dB)
VALUE
GAIN (dB)
0x00
+20
0x0B
+9
0x01
+19
0x0C
+8
0x02
+18
0x0D
+7
0x03
+17
0x0E
+6
0x04
+16
0x0F
+5
0x05
+15
0x10
+4
0x06
+14
0x11
+3
0x07
+13
0x12
+2
0x08
+12
0x13
+1
0x09
+11
0x14 to 0x1F
0
0x0A
+10
AGCSRC
AGCRLS
AGC Release Time
Defined as the duration from start to finish of gain increase in the region shown in Figure
12. Release times are longer for low AGC threshold levels.
000 = 78ms
001 = 156ms
010 = 312ms
011 = 625ms
100 = 1.25s
101 = 2.5s
110 = 5s
111 = 10s
6
4
VALUE
AGC/Noise Gate Signal Source
Determines which ADC channel the AGC and noise gates analyze. Gain is adjusted on
both channels regardless of the AGCSRC setting.
0 = Left ADC output
1 = Maximum of either the left or right ADC output
0x3D
5
DESCRIPTION
Noise Gate Attenuation
Reports the current noise gate attenuation.
000 = 0dB
001 = 1dB
010 = 2dB
011 = 3dB to 5dB
100 = 6dB to 7dB
101 = 8dB to 9dB
110 = 10dB to 11dB
111 = 12dB
AGC Gain
Reports the current AGC gain setting.
4
2
MAX9888
Table 6. Record Path Signal Processing Registers
65
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Table 6. Record Path Signal Processing Registers (continued)
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
DESCRIPTION
AGCATK
AGC Attack Time
Defined as the time required to reduce gain by 63% of the total gain reduction (one time
constant of the exponential response). Attack times are longer for low AGC threshold
levels. See Figure 12 for details.
00 = 2ms
01 = 7.2ms
10 = 31ms
11 = 123ms
3
2
0x3D
1
AGCHLD
0
AGC Hold Time
The delay before the AGC release begins. The hold time counter starts whenever the
signal drops below the AGC threshold and is reset by any signal that exceeds the
threshold. Set AGCHLD to enable the AGC circuit. See Figure 12 for details.
00 = AGC disabled
01 = 50ms
10 = 100ms
11 = 400ms
Noise Gate Threshold
Gain is reduced for signals below the threshold to quiet noise. The thresholds are relative
to the ADC’s full-scale output voltage.
7
6
ANTH
5
4
0x3E
VALUE
THRESHOLD
(dBFS)
0x0
Noise gate disabled
0x8
-45
0x1
Reserved
0x9
-41
0x2
Reserved
0xA
-38
0x3
-64
0xB
-34
0x4
-62
0xC
-30
0x5
-58
0xD
-27
0x6
-53
0xE
-22
0x7
-50
0xF
-16
VALUE
2
AGCTH
0
66
THRESHOLD
(dBFS)
AGC Threshold
Gain is reduced when signals exceed the threshold to prevent clipping. The thresholds
are relative to the ADC’s full-scale voltage.
3
1
VALUE
THRESHOLD
(dBFS)
VALUE
THRESHOLD
(dBFS)
0x0
-3
0x8
-11
0x1
-4
0x9
-12
0x2
-5
0xA
-13
0x3
-6
0xB
-14
0x4
-7
0xC
-15
0x5
-8
0xD
-16
0x6
-9
0xE
-17
0x7
-10
0xF
-18
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
MAX9888
ATTACK TIME
HOLD TIME
RELEASE TIME
Figure 12. AGC Timing
ADC Record Level Control
The IC includes separate digital level control for the left
and right ADC outputs (Figure 13). To optimize dynamic
range, use analog gain to adjust the signal level and set
the digital level control to 0dB whenever possible. Digital
level control is primarily used when adjusting the record
level for digital microphones.
NOISE GATE
AUTOMATIC
GAIN CONTROL
AUDIO/
VOICE
FILTERS
MODE1
AVFLT1
ADLEN
ADCL
AVLG: 0/6/12/18dB
AVL: 3dB TO -12dB
ADCR
ADREN
AVRG: 0/6/12/18dB
AVR: 3dB TO -2dB
Figure 13. ADC Record Level Control Block Diagram
67
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Table 7. ADC Record Level Control Register
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
DESCRIPTION
Left/Right ADC Gain
00 = 0dB
01 = 6dB
10 = 12dB
11 = 18dB
5
AVLG/AVRG
4
Left/Right ADC Level
3
0x2F/0x30
2
1
AVL/AVR
0
VALUE
GAIN (dB)
VALUE
GAIN (dB)
0x0
+3
0x8
-5
0x1
+2
0x9
-6
0x2
+1
0xA
-7
0x3
0
0xB
-8
0x4
-1
0xC
-9
0x5
-2
0xD
-10
0x6
-3
0xE
-11
0x7
-4
0xF
-12
Sidetone
used in telephony to allow the speaker to hear himself
speak, providing a more natural user experience. The
IC implements sidetone digitally. Doing so helps prevent
unwanted feedback into the playback signal path and
better matches the playback audio signal.
Enable sidetone during full-duplex operation to add a
low-level copy of the recorded audio signal to the playback audio signal (Figure 14). Sidetone is commonly
DV1G:
0/6/12/18dB
DVST:
0dB TO -60dB
SIDETONE
+
MIX
DSTS
MULTIBAND ALC
NOISE GATE
AUTOMATIC
GAIN
CONTROL
AUDIO/
VOICE
FILTERS
MODE1
AVFLT
ADLEN
ADCL
AVLG: 0/6/12/18dB
AVL: 3dB TO -12dB
DVEQ1:
0dB TO -15dB
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
DVEQ2:
0dB TO -15dB
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
EQ1EN
EQ2EN
DV2:
0dB TO -15dB
ADCR
ADREN
AVRG: 0/6/12/18dB
AVR: 3dB TO -2dB
Figure 14. Sidetone Block Diagram
68
MIXDAL
EXCURSION LIMITER
DV1:
0dB TO -15dB
MIX
DACL
DALEN
AUDIO/
FILTERS
DCB2
AUDIO/
VOICE
FILTERS
MODE1
DVFLT
MIXDAR
MIX
DACR
DAREN
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
7
DSTS
6
3
0x2A
1
0
DESCRIPTION
Sidetone Source
Selects which ADC output is fed back as sidetone. When mixing the left and right ADC
outputs, each is attenuated by 6dB to prevent full-scale signals from clipping.
00 = Sidetone disabled
01 = Left ADC
10 = Right ADC
11 = Left + Right ADC
Sidetone Level
Adjusts the sidetone signal level. All levels are referenced to the ADC’s full-scale output.
4
2
MAX9888
Table 8. Sidetone Register
DVST
VALUE
LEVEL (dB)
VALUE
LEVEL (dB)
0x00
Sidetone disabled
0x10
-30.5
0x01
-0.5
0x11
-32.5
0x02
-2.5
0x12
-34.5
0x03
-4.5
0x13
-36.5
0x04
-6.5
0x14
-38.5
0x05
-8.5
0x15
-40.5
0x06
-10.5
0x16
-42.5
0x07
-12.5
0x17
-44.5
0x08
-14.5
0x18
-46.5
0x09
-16.5
0x19
-48.5
0x0A
-18.5
0x1A
-50.5
0x0B
-20.5
0x1B
-52.5
0x0C
-22.5
0x1C
-54.5
0x0D
-24.5
0x1D
-56.6
0x0E
-26.5
0x1E
-58.5
0x0F
-28.5
0x1F
-60.5
Digital Audio Interfaces
The IC includes two separate playback signal paths and
one record signal path. Digital audio interface 1 (DAI1)
is used to transmit the recorded stereo audio signal and
receive a stereo audio signal for playback. Digital audio
interface 2 (DAI2) is used to receive a second stereo
audio signal. Use DAI1 for all full-duplex operations and
for all voice signals. Use DAI2 for music and to mix two
playback audio signals. The digital audio interfaces are
separate from the audio ports to enable either interface
to communicate with any external device connected to
the audio ports.
Each audio interface can be configured in a variety of
formats including left justified, I2S, PCM, and time division multiplexed (TDM). TDM mode supports up to 4
mono audio slots in each frame. The IC can use up to
2 mono slots per interface, leaving the remaining two
slots available for another device. Table 9 shows how to
configure the device for common digital audio formats.
Figures 16 and 17 show examples of common audio
formats. By default, SDOUTS1 and SDOUTS2 are set
high impedance when the IC is not outputting data to
facilitate sharing the bus. Configure the interface in TDM
mode using only slot 1 to transmit and receive mono
PCM voice data.
The IC’s digital audio interfaces support both ADC to
DAC loop-through and digital loopback. Loop-through
allows the signal converted by the ADC to be routed
to the DAC for playback. The signal is routed from the
record path to the playback path in the digital audio
interface to allow the IC’s full complement of digital
signal processing to be used. Loopback allows digital
69
data input to either SDINS1 or SDINS2 to be routed
from one interface to the other for output on SDOUTS2
or SDOUTS1. Both interfaces must be configured for
the same sample rate, but the interface format need
LRCLKS1
BCLKS1
SDOUTS1
SDINS1
not be the same. This allows the IC to route audio data
from one device to another, converting the data format
as needed. Figure 15 shows the available digital signal
routing options.
DVDDS1 BCLKS2
LRCLKS2
SDOUTS2
PORT S1
SDINS2
DVDDS2
PORT S1
DAI1
SDIN2
SDOUT2
LRCLK2
BCLK2
SDIN1
SDOUT1
SEL2
LRCLK1
SEL1
BCLK1
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
DAI2
MAS1
MAS1
BIT
CLOCK
FRAME
CLOCK
HIZOFF1
DATA
OUTPUT
MAS2
DATA
INPUT
MAS2
BIT
CLOCK
FRAME
CLOCK
HIZOFF2
DATA
OUTPUT
DATA
INPUT
LBEN1
MUX
LBEN2
+
LTEN1
DAI1
RECORD PATH
DAI1
PLAYBACK PATH
DAI2
PLAYBACK PATH
Figure 15. Digital Audio Signal Routing
Table 9. Common Digital Audio Formats
MODE
WCI1/WCI2
BCI1/BCI2
DLY1/DLY2
TDM1/TDM2
Left Justified
Set as desired
Set as desired
0
0
X
X
I2S
1
0
1
0
X
X
0
PCM
X
1
X
1
TDM
X
1
X
1
X = Don’t care.
70
SLOTL1/SLOTL2 SLOTR1/SLOTR2
0
Set as desired
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
REGISTER
BIT
7
6
5
NAME
4
2
1
0
DESCRIPTION
MAS1/MAS2
DAI1/DAI2 Master Mode
In master mode, DAI1/DAI2 outputs LRCLK and BCLK. In slave mode, DAI1/DAI2
accept LRCLK and BCLK as inputs.
0 = Slave mode
1 = Master mode
WCI1/WCI2
DAI1/DAI2 Word Clock Invert
TDM1/TDM2 = 0:
0 = Left-channel data is transmitted while LRCLK is low.
1 = Right-channel data is transmitted while LRCLK is low.
TDM1/TDM2 = 1:
Always set WCI = 0.
BCI1/BCI2
DAI1/DAI2 Bit Clock Invert
BCI1/BCI2 must be set to 1 when TDM1/TDM2 = 1.
0 = SDIN is accepted on the rising edge of BCLK.
SDOUT is valid on the rising edge of BCLK.
1 = SDIN is accepted on the falling edge of BCLK.
SDOUT is valid on the falling edge of BCLK.
Master Mode:
0 = LRCLK transitions on the falling edge of BCLK.
1 = LRCLK transitions on the rising edge of BCLK.
DLY1/DLY2
DAI1/DAI2 Data Delay
DLY1/DLY2 has no effect when TDM1/TDM2 = 1.
0 = The most significant data bit is clocked on the first active BCLK edge after an
LRCLK transition.
1 = The most significant data bit is clocked on the second active BCLK edge after an
LRCLK transition.
TDM1/TDM2
DAI1/DAI2 Time-Division Multiplex Mode (TDM Mode)
Set TDM1/TDM2 when communicating with devices that use a frame synchronization
pulse on LRCLK instead of a square wave.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled (BCI1/BCI2 must be set to 1)
FSW1/FSW2
DAI1/DAI2 Wide Frame Sync Pulse
Increases the width of the frame sync pulse to the full data width when TDM1/TDM2 =
1. FSW1/FSW2 has no effect when TDM1/TDM2 = 0.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
0x14/0x1C
WS1/WS2
MAX9888
Table 10. Digital Audio Interface Registers
DAI1/DAI2 Audio Data Bit Depth
Determines the maximum bit depth of audio being transmitted and received. Data is
always 16 bit when TDM1/TMD2 = 0.
0 = 16 bits
1 = 24 bits
71
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Table 10. Digital Audio Interface Registers (continued)
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
7
OSR1
6
0x15/0x1D
2
1
BSEL1/
BSEL2
0
7
SEL1/SEL2
6
5
3
72
DAI1/DAI2 BCLK Output Frequency
When operating in master mode, BSEL1/BSEL2 set the frequency of BCLK. When
operating in slave mode, BSEL1/BSEL2 have no effect. Select the lowest BCLK
frequency that clocks all data input to the DAC and output by the ADC.
000 = BCLK disabled
001 = 64 x LRCLK
010 = 48 x LRCLK
011 = 128 x LRCLK (invalid for DHF1/DHF2 = 1)
100 = PCLK/2
101 = PCLK/4
110 = PCLK/8
111 = PCLK/16
DAI1/DAI2 Audio Port Selector
Selects which port is used by DAI1/DAI2.
00 = None
01 = Port S1
10 = Port S2
11 = Reserved
LTEN1
DAI1 Digital Loopthrough
Connects the output of the record signal path to the input of the playback path. Data
input to DAI1 from an external device is mixed with the recorded audio signal.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
LBEN1/
LBEN2
DAI1/DAI2 Digital Audio Interface Loopback
LBEN1 routes the digital audio input to DAI1 back out on DAI2. LBEN2 routes the
digital audio input to DAI2 back out on DAI1. Selecting LBEN2 disables the ADC
output data.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
0x16/0x1E
4
DESCRIPTION
ADC Oversampling Ratio
Use the higher setting for maximum performance. Use the lower setting for reduced
power consumption at the expense of performance.
00 = 96x
01 = 64x
10 = Reserved
11 = Reserved
DMONO1/
DMONO2
DAI1/DAI2 DAC Mono Mix
Mixes the left and right digital input to mono and routes the combined signal to the left
and right playback paths. The left and right input data is attenuated by 6dB prior to the
mono mix.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
DESCRIPTION
2
HIZOFF1/
HIZOFF2
Disable DA1/DAI2 Output High-Impedance Mode
Normally SDOUT is set high impedance between data words. Set HIZOFF1/HIZOFF2 to
force a level on SDOUT at all times.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
1
SDOEN1/
SDOEN2
DAI1/DAI2 Record Path Output Enable
DAI2 outputs data only if LBEN1 = 1.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
0
SDIEN1/
SDIEN2
DAI1/DAI2 Playback Path Input Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
0x16/0x1E
7
SLOTL1/
SLOTL2
6
5
SLOTR1/
SLOTR2
0x17/0x1F
4
3
2
1
0
SLOTDLY1/
SLOTDLY2
TDM Left Time Slot
Selects which of the four slots is used for left data on DAI1/DAI2. If the same slot is
selected for left and right audio, left audio is placed in the slot.
00 = Slot 1
01 = Slot 2
10 = Slot 3
11 = Slot 4
TDM Right Time Slot
Selects which of the four slots is used for right data on DAI1/DAI2. If the same slot is
selected for left and right audio, left audio is placed in the slot.
00 = Slot 1
01 = Slot 2
10 = Slot 3
11 = Slot 4
TDM Slot Delay
Adds 1 BCLK cycle delay to the data in the specified TDM slot.
1xxx = Slot 4 delayed
x1xx = Slot 3 delayed
xx1x = Slot 2 delayed
xxx1 = Slot 1 delayed
73
MAX9888
Table 10. Digital Audio Interface Registers (continued)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
WCI_ = 0, BCI_ = 0, DLY_ = 0, TDM_ = 0, FSW_ = 0, WS_ = 0, HIZOFF_ = 1, SLOTL_ = 0, SLOTR_ = 0
LRCLK
SDOUT
RIGHT
LEFT
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
BCLK
SDIN
WCI_ = 1, BCI_ = 0, DLY_ = 0, TDM_ = 0, FSW_ = 0, WS_ = 0, HIZOFF_ = 1, SLOTL_ = 0, SLOTR_ = 0
LRCLK
SDOUT
LEFT
RIGHT
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
BCLK
SDIN
WCI_ = 0, BCI_ = 1, DLY_ = 0, TDM_ = 0, FSW_ = 0, WS_ = 0, HIZOFF_ = 1, SLOTL_ = 0, SLOTR_ = 0
LRCLK
SDOUT
RIGHT
LEFT
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
BCLK
SDIN
WCI_ = 0, BCI_ = 0, DLY_ = 1, TDM_ = 0, FSW_ = 0, WS_ = 0, HIZOFF_ = 1, SLOTL_ = 0, SLOTR_ = 0
LRCLK
SDOUT
LEFT
RIGHT
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
BCLK
SDIN
Figure 16. Non-TDM Data Format Examples
74
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
MAX9888
WCI_ = 0, BCI_ = 1, DLY_ = 0, TDM_ = 1, FSW_ = 0, WS_ = 0, HIZOFF_ = 0, SLOTL_ = 0, SLOTR_ = 1
LRCLK
SDOUT
HI-Z
L15 L14 L13 L12 L11 L10 L9
L8
L7
L15 L14 L13 L12 L11 L10 L9
L8 L7
L6
L5
L4
L3
L2
L1
L0 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0
L4 L3
L2
L1 L0 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0
HI-Z
BCLK
SDIN
L6 L5
WCI_ = 0, BCI_ = 1, DLY_ = 0, TDM_ = 1, FSW_ = 1, WS_ = 0, HIZOFF_ = 0, SLOTL_ = 0, SLOTR_ = 1
LRCLK
SDOUT
HI-Z
L15 L14 L13 L12 L11 L10 L9
L8
L7
L15 L14 L13 L12 L11 L10 L9
L8 L7
L6
L5
L4
L3
L2
L1
L0 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0
L4 L3
L2
L1 L0 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0
HI-Z
BCLK
SDIN
L6 L5
WCI_ = 0, BCI_ = 1, DLY_ = 0, TDM_ = 1, FSW_ = 0, WS_ = 0, HIZOFF_ = 1, SLOTL_ = 0, SLOTR_ = 1
LRCLK
SDOUT
L15 L14 L13 L12 L11 L10 L9
L8 L7
L6 L5
L4 L3
L2
L1 L0 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0
L15 L14 L13 L12 L11 L10 L9
L8 L7
L6 L5
L4 L3
L2
L1 L0 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0
BCLK
SDIN
WCI_ = 0, BCI_ = 1, DLY_ = 0, TDM_ = 1, FSW_ = 0, WS_ = 0, HIZOFF_ = 0, SLOTL_ = 2, SLOTR_ = 3
LRCLK
HI-Z
SDOUT
32 CYCLES
L15 L14 L13 L12 L11 L10 L9
L8
L7
L15 L14 L13 L12 L11 L10 L9
L8 L7
L6
L5
L4
L3
L2
L1
L0 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0
L4 L3
L2
L1 L0 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0
HI-Z
BCLK
SDIN
L6 L5
WCI_ = 0, BCI_ = 1, DLY_ = 0, TDM_ = 1, FSW_ = 0, WS_ = 0, HIZOFF_ = 0, SLOTL_ = 0, SLOTR_ = 1
LRCLK
16 CYCLES
SDOUT
16 CYCLES
16 CYCLES
HI-Z
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
HI-Z
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
1
1
1
1
R
R
R
R
16 CYCLES
HI-Z
BCLK
SDIN
Figure 17. TDM Mode Data Format Examples
75
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Clock Control
The digital signal paths in the IC require a master
clock (MCLK) between 10MHz and 60MHz to function. Internally, the MAX9888 requires a clock between
10MHz and 20MHz. A prescaler divides MCLK by 1, 2,
or 4 to create the internal clock (PCLK). PCLK is used to
clock all portions of the IC.
The MAX9888 includes two digital audio signal paths,
both capable of supporting any sample rate from 8kHz
to 96kHz. Each path is independently configured to allow
different sample rates. To accommodate a wide range
of system architectures, three main clocking modes are
supported:
U PLL Mode: When operating in slave mode, enable
the PLL to lock onto any LRCLK input. This mode
requires the least configuration, but provides the
lowest performance. Use this mode to simplify initial
setup or when normal mode and exact integer mode
cannot be used.
U Normal Mode: This mode uses a 15-bit clock divider
to set the sample rate relative to PCLK. This allows
high flexibility in both the PCLK and LRCLK frequencies and can be used in either master or slave mode.
U Exact Integer Mode (DAI1 only): In both master and
slave modes, common MCLK frequencies (12MHz,
13MHz, 16MHz, and 19.2MHz) can be programmed
to operate in exact integer mode for both 8kHz and
16kHz sample rates. In these modes, the MCLK and
LRCLK rates are selected by using the FREQ1 bits
instead of the NI, and PLL control bits.
Table 11. Clock Control Registers
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
5
0x10
PSCLK
4
DAI1/DAI2 Sample Rate
Used by the ALC to correctly set the dual-band crossover frequency and the excursion
limiter to set the predefined corner frequencies.
7
6
0x11/0x19
SR1/SR2
5
4
76
DESCRIPTION
MCLK Prescaler
Generates PCLK, which is used by all internal circuitry.
00 = PCLK disabled
01 = 10MHz P MCLK P 20MHz (PCLK = MCLK)
10 = 20MHz P MCLK P 40MHz (PCLK = MCLK/2)
11 = 40MHz P MCLK P 60MHz (PCLK = MCLK/4)
VALUE
SAMPLE RATE
(kHz)
VALUE
SAMPLE RATE
(kHz)
0x0
Reserved
0x8
48
0x1
8
0x9
88.2
0x2
11.025
0xA
96
0x3
16
0xB
Reserved
0x4
22.05
0xC
Reserved
0x5
24
0xD
Reserved
0x6
32
0xE
Reserved
0x7
44.1
0xF
Reserved
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
DESCRIPTION
Exact Integer Mode
Overrides PLL1 and NI1 and configures a specific PCLK to LRCLK ratio.
3
0x11
2
FREQ1
1
7
0x12/0x1A
PLL1/PLL2
6
4
3
2
1
7
SAMPLE RATE
VALUE
0x0
Disabled
0x8
0x1
Reserved
0x9
0x2
Reserved
0xA
0x3
Reserved
0xB
0x4
Reserved
0xC
0x5
Reserved
0xD
0x6
Reserved
0xE
0x7
Reserved
0xF
SAMPLE RATE
PCLK = 12MHz,
LRCLK = 8kHz
PCLK = 12MHz,
LRCLK = 16kHz
PCLK = 13MHz,
LRCLK = 8kHz
PCLK = 13MHz,
LRCLK = 16kHz
PCLK = 16MHz,
LRCLK = 8kHz
PCLK = 16MHz,
LRCLK = 16kHz
PCLK = 19.2MHz,
LRCLK = 8kHz
PCLK = 19.2MHz,
LRCLK = 16kHz
PLL Mode Enable (Slave Mode Only)
PLL1/PLL2 enables a digital PLL that locks on to the externally supplied LRCLK
frequency and automatically sets the LRCLK divider (NI1/NI2).
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Normal Mode LRCLK Divider
When PLL1/PLL2 = 0, the frequency of LRCLK is determined by NI1/NI2. See Table 12
for common NI values.
5
0
VALUE
NI1/
NI2
6
5
SAMPLE RATE
DHF1/DHF2
NI1/NI2 FORMULA
8kHz P LRCLK P 48kHz
0
NI =
65536 × 96 × fLRCLK
fPCLK
48kHz < LRCLK P 96kHz
1
NI =
65536 × 48 × fLRCLK
fPCLK
4
3
0x13/0x1B
fLRCLK = LRCLK frequency
fPCLK = Prescaled MCLK frequency (PCLK)
2
1
0
NI1[0]/NI2[0]
Rapid Lock Mode
Program NI1/NI2 to the nearest valid ratio and set NI1[0]/NI2[0] when PLL1/PLL2 = 1
to enable rapid lock mode. Normally, the PLL automatically calculates and dynamically
adjusts NI1/NI2. When rapid lock mode is properly configured, the PLL starting point is
much closer to the correct value, thus speeding up lock time. Wait one LRCLK period
after programming NI1/NI2 before setting PLL1/PLL2 = 1.
77
MAX9888
Table 11. Clock Control Registers (continued)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Table 12. Common NI1/NI2 Values
LRCLK (kHz)
PCLK (MHz)
10
DHF1/2 = 0
DHF1/2 = 1
8
11.025
12
16
22.05
24
32
44.1
48
64
88.2
96
13A9
1B18
1D7E
2752
3631
3AFB
4EA5
6C61
75F7
4EA5
6C61
75F7
11
11E0
18A2
1ACF
23BF
3144
359F
477E
6287
6B3E
477E
6287
6B3E
11.2896
116A
1800
1A1F
22D4
3000
343F
45A9
6000
687D
45A9
6000
687D
624E
12
1062
1694
1893
20C5
2D29
3127
4189
5A51
624E
4189
5A51
12.288
1000
160D
1800
2000
2C1A
3000
4000
5833
6000
4000
5833
6000
13
0F20
14D8
16AF
1E3F
29AF
2D5F
3C7F
535F
5ABE
3C7F
535F
5ABE
16
0C4A
10EF
126F
1893
21DE
24DD
3127
43BD
49BA
3127
43BD
49BA
16.9344
0B9C
1000
116A
1738
2000
22D4
2E71
4000
45A9
2E71
4000
45A9
18.432
0AAB
0EB3
1000
1555
1D66
2000
2AAB
3ACD
4000
2AAB
3ACD
4000
20
09D5
0D8C
0EBF
13A9
1B18
1D7E
2752
3631
3AFB
2752
3631
3AFB
Note: Values in bold are exact integers that provide maximum full-scale performance.
Passband Filtering
Use music mode when processing high-fidelity audio
content. The music FIR filters reduce power consumption and are linear phase to maintain stereo imaging.
An optional DC-blocking filter is available to eliminate
unwanted DC offset.
Each digital signal path in the IC includes options for
defining the path bandwidth (Figure 18). The playback
and record paths connected to DAI1 support both voice
and music filtering while the playback path connected to
DAI2 supports music filtering only.
In music mode, a second set of FIR filters are available
to support sample rates greater than 50kHz. The filters
can be independently selected for DAI1 and DAI2 and
support both the playback and record audio paths.
The voice IIR filters provide greater than 70dB stopband
attenuation at frequencies above fS/2 to reduce aliasing.
Three selectable highpass filters eliminate unwanted
low-frequency signals.
DV1G:
0/6/12/18dB
DVST:
0dB TO -60dB
SIDETONE
+
MIX
DSTS
MULTIBAND ALC
NOISE GATE
AUTOMATIC
GAIN
CONTROL
AUDIO/
VOICE
FILTERS
MODE1
AVFLT
ADLEN
ADCL
AVLG: 0/6/12/18dB
AVL: 3dB TO -12dB
DVEQ1:
0dB TO -15dB
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
DVEQ2:
0dB TO -15dB
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
EQ1EN
DV2:
0dB TO -15dB
ADCR
ADREN
AVRG: 0/6/12/18dB
AVR: 3dB TO -2dB
Figure 18. Digital Passband Filtering Block Diagram
78
MIXDAL
EQ2EN
EXCURSION LIMITER
DV1:
0dB TO -15dB
MIX
DACL
DALEN
AUDIO/
FILTERS
DCB2
AUDIO/
VOICE
FILTERS
MODE1
DVFLT
MIXDAR
MIX
DACR
DAREN
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
7
MODE1
6
5
AVFLT1
0x18
DHF1
2
1
DVFLT1
MODE1
AVFLT1
0
See Table 14
1
Select a nonzero value to enable the DC-blocking filter
DAI1 High Sample Rate Mode
Selects the sample rate range.
0 = 8kHz P LRCLK P 48kHz
1 = 48kHz P LRCLK < 96kHz
MODE1
DVFLT1
0
See Table 14
1
Select a nonzero value to enable the DC-blocking filter
DHF2
DAI2 High Sample Rate Mode
Selects the sample rate range.
0 = 8kHz P LRCLK P 48kHz
1 = 48kHz < LRCLK P 96kHz
DCB2
DAI2 DC Blocking Filter
Enables a DC-blocking filter on the DAI2 playback audio path.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
0x20
0
DAI1 Passband Filtering Mode
0 = Voice filters
1 = Music filters (recommended for fS > 24kHz)
DAI1 DAC Highpass Filter Mode
0
3
DESCRIPTION
DAI1 ADC Highpass Filter Mode
4
3
MAX9888
Table 13. Passband Filtering Registers
79
Table 14. Voice Highpass Filters
AVFTL/DVFLT VALUE
INTENDED SAMPLE RATE
FILTER RESPONSE
000
N/A
Disabled
0
001/011
16kHz/8kHz
AMPLITUDE (dB)
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
0
200
400
600
800
1000
800
1000
FREQUENCY (Hz)
0
010/100
16kHz/8kHz
AMPLITUDE (dB)
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
0
200
400
600
FREQUENCY (Hz)
0
-10
101
8kHz to 48kHz
AMPLITUDE (dB)
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
-20
-30
-40
-50
LRCLK = 48kHz
-60
0
200
400
600
FREQUENCY (Hz)
110/111
80
N/A
Reserved
800
1000
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Automatic Level Control
The automatic level control (ALC) circuit ensures maximum signal amplitude without producing audible clipping. This is accomplished by a variable gain stage that
works on a sample by sample basis to increase the gain
up to 12dB. A look-ahead circuit determines if the next
sample exceeds full scale and reduces the gain so that
the sample is exactly full scale.
A programmable low signal threshold determines the
minimum signal amplitude that is amplified. Select a
threshold that prevents the amplification of background
noise. When the signal level drops below the low signal
threshold, the ALC reduces the gain to 0dB until the signal increases above the threshold. Figure 20 shows an
example of ALC input vs. output curves.
The ALC can optionally be configured in dual-band
mode. In this mode, the input signal is filtered into two
bands with a 5kHz center frequency. Each band is
routed through independent ALCs and then summed
together. In multiband mode, both bands use the same
parameters.
OUTPUT SIGNAL
(dBFS)
0
LOW-LEVEL
-12
0
THRESHOLD
ALC WITH ALCTH ≠ 000
INPUT
SIGNAL
(dBFS)
OUTPUT SIGNAL
(dBFS)
0
DV1G:
0/6/12/18dB
+
0
INPUT
SIGNAL
(dBFS)
0
INPUT
SIGNAL
(dBFS)
MULTIBAND ALC
DVEQ1:
0dB TO -15dB
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
LOW-LEVEL
THRESHOLD
DVEQ2:
0dB TO -15dB
ALC WITH ALCTH = 000
OUTPUT SIGNAL
(dBFS)
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
EQ1EN
EQ2EN
DV1:
0dB TO -15dB
0
MIXDAL
EXCURSION LIMITER
DV2:
0dB TO -15dB
-12
MIX
DACL
DALEN
AUDIO/
FILTERS
DCB2
AUDIO/
VOICE
FILTERS
MODE1
DVFLT
MIXDAR
MIX
DACR
DAREN
LOW-LEVEL
THRESHOLD
-12
ALC DISABLED
Figure 19. Playback Path Signal Processing Block Diagram
Figure 20. ALC Input vs. Output Examples
81
MAX9888
Playback Path Signal Processing
The IC playback signal path includes automatic level
control (ALC) and a 5-band parametric equalizer (EQ)
(Figure 19). The DAI1 and DAI2 playback paths include
separate ALCs controlled by a single set of registers.
Two completely separate parametric EQs are included
for the DAI1 and DAI2 playback paths.
Table 15. Automatic Level Control Registers
REGISTER
BIT
7
NAME
ALCEN
ALC and Excursion Limiter Release Time
Sets the release time for both the ALC and Excursion Limiter. See the Excursion
Limiter section for Excursion Limiter release times. ALC release time is defined as the
time required to adjust the gain from 12dB to 0dB.
6
5
0x41
ALCRLS
4
3
0
VALUE
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
ALC RELEASE TIME (s)
8
4
2
1
0.5
0.25
Reserved
Reserved
ALCMB
Multiband Enable
Enables dual-band processing with a 5kHz center frequency. SR1 and SR2 must be
configured properly to achieve the correct center frequency for each playback path.
0 = Single-band ALC
1 = Dual-band ALC
ALCTH
Low Signal Threshold
Selects the minimum signal level to be boosted by the ALC.
000 = -JdB (low-signal threshold disabled)
001 = -12dB
010 = -18dB
011 = -24dB
100 = -30dB
101 = -36dB
110 = -42dB
111 = -48dB
2
1
DESCRIPTION
ALC Enable
Enables ALC on both the DAI1 and DAI2 playback paths.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Parametric Equalizer
The parametric EQ contains five independent biquad
filters with programmable gain, center frequency, and
bandwidth. Each biquad filter has a gain range of Q12dB
and a center frequency range from 20Hz to 20kHz. Use a
filter Q less than that shown in Figure 21 to achieve ideal
frequency responses. Setting a higher Q results in nonideal frequency response. The biquad filters are series
connected, allowing a total gain of Q60dB.
1000
MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED FILTER Q
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
fs = 8kHz
100
fs = 48kHz
10
fs = 96kHz
1
0.1
100
1000
10,000
100,000
CENTER FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 21. Maximum Recommended Filter Q vs. Frequency
82
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
The MAX9888 EV kit software includes a graphic interface for generating the EQ coefficients. The coefficients
are sample rate dependent and stored in registers 0x50
through 0xB3.
Table 16. EQ Registers
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
4
EQCLP1/
EQCLP2
2
DVEQ1/DVEQ2
1
0
0x47
DAI1/DAI2 EQ Clip Detection
Automatically controls the EQ attenuator to prevent clipping in the EQ.
0 = Enabled
1 = Disabled
DAI1/DAI2 EQ Attenuator
Provides attenuation to prevent clipping in the EQ when full-scale signals are boosted. DVEQ1/DVEQ2 operates only when EQ1EN/EQ2EN = 1 and EQCLP1/EQCLP2
= 1.
3
0x2C/0x2E
DESCRIPTION
VALUE
GAIN (dB)
VALUE
GAIN (dB)
0x0
0
0x8
-8
0x1
-1
0x9
-9
0x2
-2
0xA
-10
0x3
-3
0xB
-11
0x4
-4
0xC
-12
0x5
-5
0xD
-13
0x6
-6
0xE
-14
0x7
-7
0xF
-15
7
VS2EN
6
VSEN
5
ZDEN
1
EQ2EN
DAI2 EQ Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
0
EQ1EN
DAI1 EQ Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
See the Click-and-Pop Reduction section.
83
MAX9888
Use the attenuator at the EQ’s input to avoid clipping
the signal. The attenuator can be programmed for fixed
attenuation or dynamic attenuation based on signal level.
If the dynamic EQ clip detection is enabled, the signal
level from the EQ is fed back to the attenuator circuit to
determine the amount of gain reduction necessary to
avoid clipping.
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Playback Level Control
allows boost when MODE1 = 0 and attenuation in any
mode. The DAI2 signal path allows attenuation only.
The IC includes separate digital level control for the DAI1
and DAI2 playback audio paths. The DAI1 signal path
DV1G:
0/6/12/18dB
+
MULTIBAND ALC
DVEQ1:
0dB TO -15dB
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
EQ1EN
DVEQ2:
0dB TO -15dB
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
EQ2EN
MIXDAL
EXCURSION LIMITER
DACL
MIX
DV2:
0dB TO -15dB
DV1:
0dB TO -15dB
DALEN
AUDIO/
FILTERS
DCB2
AUDIO/
VOICE
FILTERS
MIXDAR
MIX
MODE1
DVFLT
DACR
DAREN
Figure 22. Playback Level Control Block Diagram
Table 17. DAC Playback Level Control Register
REGISTER
BIT
7
NAME
DV1M/DV2M
5
DV1G
4
0x2B/0x2D
VALUE
2
DV1/DV2
0
84
DAI1 Voice Mode Gain
DV1G only applies when MODE1 = 0.
00 = 0dB
01 = 6dB
10 = 12dB
11 = 18dB
DAI1/DAI2 Attenuation
3
1
DESCRIPTION
DAI1/DAI2 Mute
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
GAIN (dB)
VALUE
GAIN (dB)
0x0
0
0x8
-8
0x1
-1
0x9
-9
0x2
-2
0xA
-10
0x3
-3
0xB
-11
0x4
-4
0xC
-12
0x5
-5
0xD
-13
0x6
-6
0xE
-14
0x7
-7
0xF
-15
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
DV1G:
0/6/12/18dB
+
MULTIBAND ALC
DVEQ1:
0dB TO -15dB
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
DVEQ2:
0dB TO -15dB
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
EQ1EN
EQ2EN
MIXDAL
EXCURSION LIMITER
DV2:
0dB TO -15dB
DV1:
0dB TO -15dB
MIX
DACL
DALEN
AUDIO/
FILTERS
DCB2
AUDIO/
VOICE
FILTERS
MODE1
DVFLT
MIXDAR
MIX
DACR
DAREN
Figure 23. DAC Input Mixer Block Diagram
Table 18. DAC Input Mixer Register
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
7
6
5
0x21
MIXDAL
Left DAC Input Mixer
1xxx = DAI1 left channel
x1xx = DAI1 right channel
xx1x = DAI2 left channel
xxx1 = DAI2 right channel
MIXDAR
Right DAC Input Mixer
1xxx = DAI1 left channel
x1xx = DAI1 right channel
xx1x = DAI2 left channel
xxx1 = DAI2 right channel
4
3
2
1
0
DESCRIPTION
85
MAX9888
DAC Input Mixers
The IC’s stereo DAC accepts input from two digital audio paths. The DAC mixer routes any audio path to the left and
right DACs (Figure 23).
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Preoutput Signal Path
The IC’s preoutput mixer stage provides mixing and level adjustment for line input signals routed to the output amplifiers. Figure 24 shows a block diagram of the preoutput signal path. 9dB is added between the line input amplifiers
and the output amplifiers to boost the 1VP-P maximum line input signal level to the 1VRMS maximum DAC signal level.
RECP/
RXINP
RECVOL:
+8dB TO -62dB
0dB
MIX
MIXREC
RECEN
RECN/
RXINN
RECBYP
SPKBYP
BATTERY ADC
SPVOLL:
+8dB TO -62dB
SPKLVDD
SPKLP
+6dB
MIX
SPKLN
MIXSPL
SPLEN
POWER/
DISTORTION LIMITER
SPKLGND
SPKRVDD
SPKRP
+6dB
MIX
MIXSPR SPVOLR:
+8dB TO -62dB
PGAINA:
+20dB TO -6dB
PGAOUT1:
0dB TO -23dB
INADIFF
+
PGAINA:
+20dB TO -6dB
PREOUT1
MIX
MIXOUT1
PGAINB:
+20dB TO -6dB
PREOUT2
MIXHPL
SPKRPGND
HPL
HPLEN
HPSNS
HPVOLR:
+3dB TO -67dB
MIX
+9dB
HPR
HPREN
PGAOUT3:
0dB TO -23dB
MIX
+
+9dB
MIXHPR
MIXOUT2
INBDIFF
PGAINB:
+20dB TO -6dB
MIX
PGAOUT2:
0dB TO -23dB
MIX
SPKRN
SPREN
HPVOLL:
+3dB TO -67dB
PREOUT3
+9dB
MIXOUT3
Figure 24. Preoutput Signal Path Block Diagram
Preoutput Mixer
The IC’s output amplifiers each accept input from one of the three preoutput mixers. Configure each preoutput mixer to mix any combination of the four line input signals.
Table 19. Preoutput Mixer Registers
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
3
0x24/0x25/
0x26
2
1
0
86
MIXOUT1/
MIXOUT2/
MIXOUT3
DESCRIPTION
Preoutput Mixer 1
1xxx = INA1
x1xx = INA2 (INADIFF = 0) or INA2 - INA1 (INADIFF = 1)
xx1x = INB1
xxx1 = INB2 (INBDIFF = 0) or INB2 - INB1 (INBDIFF = 1)
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Table 20. Preoutput PGA Registers
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
DESCRIPTION
Preoutput PGA Level
3
2
0x35/0x36/
0x37
1
PGAOUT1/
PGAOUT2/
PGAOUT3
0
VALUE
GAIN (dB)
VALUE
GAIN (dB)
0x0
0
0x8
-15
0x1
-1
0x9
-17
0x2
-3
0xA
-19
0x3
-5
0xB
-21
0x4
-7
0xC
-23
Mute
0x5
-9
0xD
0x6
-11
0xE
Mute
0x7
-13
0xF
Mute
Receiver Amplifier
The IC includes a single differential receiver amplifier. The receiver amplifier is designed to drive 32I receivers. In
cases where a single transducer is used for the loudspeaker and receiver, use the SPKBYP switch to route the receiver
amplifier output to the left speaker outputs.
RECP/
RXINP
RECVOL:
+8dB TO -62dB
MIX
MIXREC
DACL
0dB
RECEN
RECN/
RXINN
RECBYP
SPKBYP
DALEN
DACR
DAREN
PGAOUT1:
0dB TO -23dB
PREOUT1
+9dB
PGAOUT2:
0dB TO -23dB
PREOUT2
+9dB
Figure 25. Receiver Amplifier Block Diagram
87
MAX9888
Preoutput PGA
The IC’s preoutput PGAs allow line input signals to be attenuated to match DAC output signal levels. Use the 0dB
setting for maximum performance.
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Receiver Output Mixer
The IC’s receiver amplifier accepts input from the stereo DAC and the line inputs. Configure the mixer to mix any combination of the available sources. When more than one signal is selected, the mixed signal is attenuated by 6dB for 2 signals,
9.5dB for 3 signals, or 12dB for 4 signals.
Table 21. Receiver Output Mixer Register
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
3
0x28
2
1
MIXREC
0
DESCRIPTION
Receiver Output Mixer
1xxx = Left DAC
x1xx = Right DAC
xx1x = Preoutput mixer 1
xxx1 = Preoutput mixer 2
Receiver Output Volume
Table 22. Receiver Output Level Register
REGISTER
BIT
7
NAME
RECM
Receiver Output Volume Level
4
3
0x3A
2
RECVOL
1
0
88
DESCRIPTION
Receiver Output Mute
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
VALUE
VOLUME (dB)
VALUE
VOLUME (dB)
0x00
-62
0x10
-10
0x01
-58
0x11
-8
0x02
-54
0x12
-6
0x03
-50
0x13
-4
0x04
-46
0x14
-2
0x05
-42
0x15
0
0x06
-38
0x16
+1
0x07
-35
0x17
+2
0x08
-32
0x18
+3
0x09
-29
0x19
+4
0x0A
-26
0x1A
+5
0x0B
-23
0x1B
+6
0x0C
-20
0x1C
+6.5
0x0D
-17
0x1D
+7
0x0E
-14
0x1E
+7.5
0x0F
-12
0x1F
+8
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Traditional Class D amplifiers require the use of external LC filters or shielding to meet EN55022B and FCC
electromagnetic-interference (EMI) regulation standards.
Maxim’s patented active emissions limiting edge-rate
control circuitry reduces EMI emissions (Figure 26).
40
40
30
30
AMPLITUDE (dBµV/m)
AMPLITUDE (dBµV/m)
The high efficiency of a Class D amplifier is due to the
switching operation of the output stage transistors. In a
Class D amplifier, the output transistors act as current
steering switches and consume negligible additional
power. Any power loss associated with the Class D output stage is mostly due to the I2R loss of the MOSFET
on-resistance, and quiescent current overhead.
20
10
20
10
0
0
-10
-10
30
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Figure 26. EMI with 15cm of Speaker Cable
BATTERY ADC
SPVOLL:
+8dB TO -62dB
MIX
MIXSPL
DACL
MIX
DACR
DAREN
SPKLP
+6dB
SPKLN
SPLEN
POWER/DISTORTION LIMITER
DALEN
MIXSPR SPVOLR:
+8dB TO -62dB
SPKLVDD
SPKLGND
SPKRVDD
SPKRP
+6dB
SPKRN
SPREN
SPKRPGND
PGAOUT2:
0dB TO -23dB
PREOUT2
+9dB
PGAOUT3:
0dB TO -23dB
PREOUT3
+9dB
Figure 27. Speaker Amplifier Path Block Diagram
89
MAX9888
The theoretical best efficiency of a linear amplifier is
78%, however, that efficiency is only exhibited at peak
output power. Under normal operating levels (typical
music reproduction levels), efficiency falls below 30%,
whereas the IC’s Class D amplifier still exhibits 80% efficiency under the same conditions.
Speaker Amplifiers
The IC integrates a stereo filterless Class D amplifier that
offers much higher efficiency than Class AB without the
typical disadvantages.
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Speaker Output Mixers
The IC’s speaker amplifiers accept input from the stereo DAC and the line inputs. Configure the mixer to mix any combination of the available sources. When more than one signal is selected, the mixed signal is attenuated by 6dB for 2 signals,
9.5dB for 3 signals, or 12dB for four signals.
Table 23. Speaker Output Mixer Register
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
7
6
5
0x29
MIXSPL
Left Speaker Output Mixer
1xxx = Left DAC
x1xx = Right DAC
xx1x = Reserved
xxx1 = Preoutput mixer 3
MIXSPR
Right Speaker Output Mixer
1xxx = Left DAC
x1xx = Right DAC
xx1x = Reserved
xxx1 = Preoutput mixer 2
4
3
2
1
DESCRIPTION
0
Speaker Output Volume
Table 24. Speaker Output Mixer Register
REGISTER
BIT
7
NAME
SPLM/SPRM
DESCRIPTION
Left/Right Speaker Output Mute
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Left/Right Speaker Output Volume Level
4
3
0x3B/0x3C
2
1
0
90
SPVOLL/SPVOLR
VALUE
VOLUME (dB)
VALUE
VOLUME (dB)
0x00
-64
0x10
-10
0x01
-59
0x11
-8
0x02
-55
0x12
-6
0x03
-50
0x13
-4
0x04
-46
0x14
-2
0x05
-42
0x15
0
0x06
-38
0x16
+1
0x07
-35
0x17
+2
0x08
-32
0x18
+3
0x09
-29
0x19
+4
0x0A
-26
0x1A
+5
0x0B
-23
0x1B
+6
0x0C
-20
0x1C
+6.5
0x0D
-17
0x1D
+7
0x0E
-14
0x1E
+7.5
0x0F
-12
0x1F
+8
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Excursion Limiter
The excursion limiter is a dynamic highpass filter that
monitors the speaker outputs and increases the highpass corner frequency when the speaker amplifier’s output exceeds a predefined threshold. The filter smoothly
transitions between the high and low corner frequency to
prevent unwanted artifacts. The filter can operate in four
different modes:
U Fixed Frequency Preset Mode. The highpass corner
frequency is fixed at the upper corner frequency and
does not change with signal level.
U Preset Dynamic Mode. The highpass filter automatically slides between a preset upper and lower corner
frequency based on output signal level.
U User Programmable Dynamic Mode. The highpass
filter slides between a user-programmed biquad filter
on the low side to a predefined corner frequency on
the high side.
The transfer function for the user-programmable biquad is:
b + b1z -1 + b 2z -2
H(z) = 0
1 + a 1z -1 + a 2z -2
The coefficients b0, b1, b2, a1, and a2 are sample rate
dependent and stored in registers 0xB4 through 0xC7.
Store b0, b1, and b2 as positive numbers. Store a1 and
a2 as negated two’s complement numbers. Separate filters can be stored for the DAI1 and DAI2 playback paths.
The MAX9888 EV kit software includes a graphic interface
for generating the user-programmable biquad coefficients.
Note: Only change the excursion limiter settings when
the signal path is disabled to prevent undesired artifacts.
U Fixed Frequency Programmable Mode. The highpass corner frequency is fixed to that specified by the
programmable biquad filter.
DV1G:
0/6/12/18dB
+
MULTIBAND ALC
DVEQ1:
0dB TO -15dB
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
BATTERY ADC
DVEQ2:
0dB TO -15dB
SPVOLL:
+8dB TO -62dB
5-BAND
PARAMETRIC
EQ
EQ1EN
MIX
MIXSPL
EQ2EN
EXCURSION LIMITER
DV2:
0dB TO -15dB
DV1:
0dB TO -15dB
MIX
AUDIO/
FILTERS
MIXDAL
DACL
SPKLP
+6dB
SPKLN
SPLEN
POWER/
DISTORTION LIMITER
DALEN
SPKLVDD
SPKLGND
SPKRVDD
SPKRP
DCB2
MIX
AUDIO/
VOICE
FILTERS
MODE1
DVFLT
MIX
MIXDAR
DACR
MIXSPR SPVOLR:
+8dB TO -62dB
+6dB
SPKRN
SPREN
SPKRPGND
DAREN
Figure 28. Speaker Amplifier Signal Processing Block Diagram
91
MAX9888
Speaker Amplifier Signal Processing
The IC includes signal processing to improve the sound
quality of the speaker output and protect transducers
from damage. An excursion limiter dynamically adjusts
the highpass corner frequency, while a power limiter and
distortion limiter prevent the amplifier from outputting too
much distortion or power. The excursion limiter is located
in the DSP while the distortion limiter and power limiter
control the analog volume control (Figure 28). All three
limiters analyze the speaker amplifier’s output signal to
determine when to take action.
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Table 25. Excursion Limiter Registers
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
Excursion Limiter Corner Frequency
The excursion limiter has limited sliding range and minimum corner frequencies. Listed below
are all the valid filter combinations.
6
5
DESCRIPTION
DHPUCF
LOWER CORNER
FREQUENCY
—
000
00
400Hz
—
001
00
600Hz
—
010
00
800Hz
—
011
00
1kHz
—
100
00
Programmable using biquad
0x3F
1
DHPLCF
0
ALCRLS
4
3
2
0x40
DHPTH
1
0
92
100Hz
000
11
200Hz
400Hz
—
001
01
400Hz
600Hz
—
010
10
400Hz
Programmable
using biquad
Programmable
using biquad
Programmable
using biquad
Programmable
using biquad
800Hz
—
011
10
400Hz
200Hz
001
11
600Hz
300Hz
010
11
800Hz
400Hz
011
11
1kHz
500Hz
100
11
ALC and Excursion Limiter Release Time
Sets the release time for both the ALC and Excursion Limiter. See the Automatic Level Control
section for ALC release times. Excursion limiter release time is defined as the time required to
slide from the high corner frequency to the low corner frequency.
6
5
MINIMUM BIQUAD
DHPUCF DHPLCF
CORNER FREQUENCY
Excursion limiter disabled
4
0x41
UPPER CORNER
FREQUENCY
VALUE
EXCURSION LIMITER RELEASE TIME (s)
000
4
001
2
010
1
011
0.5
100
0.25
101
0.25
110
Reserved
111
Reserved
Excursion Limiter Threshold
Measured at the Class D speaker amplifier outputs. Signals above the threshold use the upper
corner frequency. Signals below the threshold use the lower corner frequency. VBAT must
correctly reflect the voltage of SPKLVDD to achieve accurate thresholds.
000 = 0.34VP
001 = 0.71VP
010 = 1.30VP
011 = 1.77VP
100 = 2.33VP
101 = 3.25VP
110 = 4.25VP
111 = 4.95VP
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Loudspeakers are typically damaged when the voice coil
overheats due to extended operation above the rated
power. During normal operation, heat generated in the
voice coil is transferred to the speaker’s magnet, which
transfers heat to the surrounding air. For the voice coil to
overheat, both the voice coil and the magnet must overheat. The result is that a loudspeaker can operate above
its rated power for a significant time before it heats sufficiently to cause damage.
The IC’s power limiter includes user-programmable time
constants and power thresholds to match a wide range
of loudspeakers. Program the power limiter’s threshold to
match the loudspeaker’s rated power handling. This can
be determined through measurement or the loudspeaker’s specification. Program time constant 1 to match the
voice coil’s thermal time constant. Program time constant
2 to match the magnet’s thermal time constant. The time
constants can be determined by plotting the voice coil’s
resistance vs. time as power is applied to the speaker.
Table 26. Power Limiter Registers
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
DESCRIPTION
Power Limiter Threshold
If the RMS output power from the speaker amplifiers exceeds this threshold, the output is briefly muted to protect the speaker. The threshold is measured in watts assuming an 8I load. VBAT must correctly reflect the voltage of SPKLVDD/SPKRVDD to
achieve accurate thresholds.
7
VALUE
THRESHOLD
(W)
VALUE
THRESHOLD
(W)
0x0
Power limiter
disabled
0x8
0.27
0x1
0.05
0x9
0.35
0x2
0.06
0xA
0.48
0x3
0.09
0xB
0.72
0x4
0.11
0xC
1.00
0x5
0.13
0xD
1.43
0x6
0.18
0xE
1.57
0x7
0.22
0xF
1.80
6
PWRTH
5
0x42
4
Power Limiter Weighting Factor
Determines the balance between time constant 1 and 2 to match the dominance of
each time constant in the loudspeaker.
2
1
PWRK
0
VALUE
T1 (%)
000
50
50
001
62.5
37.5
010
75
25
011
87.5
12.5
100
100
0
101
12.5
87.5
110
25
75
37.5
62.5
111
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
T2 (%)
DESCRIPTION
93
MAX9888
Power Limiter
The IC’s power limiter tracks the RMS power delivered to
the loudspeaker and briefly mutes the speaker amplifier
output if the speaker is at risk of sustaining permanent
damage.
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Table 26. Power Limiter Registers (continued)
Power Limiter Time Constant 2
Select a value that matches the thermal time constant of the loudspeaker’s magnet.
7
6
PWRT2
5
4
0x43
2
PWRT1
0
TIME CONSTANT
(min)
VALUE
TIME CONSTANT
(min)
0x0
Disabled
0x8
3.75
0x1
0.50
0x9
5.00
0x2
0.67
0xA
6.66
0x3
0.89
0xB
8.88
0x4
1.19
0xC
Reserved
0x5
1.58
0xD
Reserved
0x6
2.11
0xE
Reserved
0x7
2.81
0xF
Reserved
Power Limiter Time Constant 1
Select a value that matches the thermal time constant of the loudspeaker’s voice coil.
3
1
VALUE
VALUE
TIME CONSTANT
(s)
VALUE
TIME CONSTANT
(s)
0x0
Disabled
0x8
3.75
0x1
0.50
0x9
5.00
0x2
0.67
0xA
6.66
0x3
0.89
0xB
8.88
0x4
1.19
0xC
Reserved
0x5
1.58
0xD
Reserved
0x6
2.11
0xE
Reserved
0x7
2.81
0xF
Reserved
Distortion Limiter
The IC’s distortion limiter ensures that the speaker amplifier’s output does not exceed the programmed THD+N limit.
The distortion limiter analyzes the Class D output duty cycle to determine the percentage of the waveform that is
clipped. If the distortion exceeds the programmed threshold, the output gain is reduced.
94
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
7
6
5
THDCLP
4
0x44
2
1
0
DESCRIPTION
Distortion Limit
Measured in % THD+N.
THDT1
VALUE
THD+N LIMIT (%)
VALUE
THD+N LIMIT (%)
0x0
Limiter disabled
0x8
12
0x1
<1
0x9
14
0x2
1
0xA
16
0x3
2
0xB
18
0x4
4
0xC
20
0x5
6
0xD
21
0x6
8
0xE
22
0x7
10
0xF
24
Distortion Limiter Release Time Constant
Duration of time required for the speaker amplifier’s output gain to adjust back to the
nominal level after a large signal has passed.
000 = 6.2s
001 = 3.1s
010 = 1.6s
011 = 815ms
100 = 419ms
101 = 223ms
110 = 116ms
111 = 76ms
Headphone Amplifier
The IC’s headphone amplifier integrates Maxim’s
DirectDrive architecture to eliminate the need for large
DC-blocking capacitors. Traditional single-supply headphone amplifiers have outputs biased at a nominal
DC voltage (typically half the supply). Large coupling
capacitors are needed to block this DC bias from the
headphone. Without these capacitors, a significant
amount of DC current flows to the headphone, resulting
in unnecessary power dissipation and possible damage
to both the headphone and headphone amplifier.
The DirectDrive architecture uses a charge pump to
create an internal negative supply voltage. This allows
the IC’s headphone outputs to be biased at GND while
operating from a single supply (Figure 29). Without a DC
component, there is no need for the large DC-blocking
capacitors. Instead of two large (220FF, typ) capacitors, the IC charge pump requires two small ceramic
capacitors, conserving board space, reducing cost, and
improving the frequency response of the headphone
amplifier. There is a low DC voltage on the amplifier outputs due to amplifier offset. However, the offset of the IC
is typically Q0.2mV, which, when combined with a 32I
load, results in less than 6FA of DC current flow to the
headphones.
In addition to the cost and size disadvantages of
the DC-blocking capacitors required by conventional
headphone amplifiers, these capacitors limit the amplifier’s low-frequency response and can distort the audio
signal. The DC-blocking capacitor not only blocks DC,
but also low-frequency audio. Improving the low-frequency response of a conventional headphone amplifier
requires increasing the capacitor size, further adding
to the cost and size of the solution. Due to the voltage
coefficient of the capacitors used for DC blocking, they
introduce significant distortion near the corner frequency
of the highpass filter they create. This distortion further
degrades the low-frequency audio quality.
95
MAX9888
Table 27. Distortion Limiter Registers
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Alternative approaches to eliminating the output-coupling capacitors involve biasing the headphone return
(sleeve) to the DC bias voltage of the headphone amplifiers. This method raises some issues:
U The sleeve is typically grounded to the chassis. Using
the midrail biasing approach, the sleeve must be
isolated from system ground, complicating product
design.
U During an ESD strike, the amplifier’s ESD structures
are the only path to system ground. Thus, the amplifier must be able to withstand the full energy from an
ESD strike.
U When using the headphone jack as a line out to other
equipment, the bias voltage on the sleeve may conflict with the ground potential from other equipment,
resulting in possible damage to the amplifiers.
The IC features a low-noise charge pump to generate
a negative supply for the headphone amplifier. The
nominal switching frequency is well beyond the audio
range, and thus does not interfere with audio signals.
The switch drivers feature a controlled switching speed
that minimizes noise generated by turn-on and turn-off
transients. By limiting the switching speed of the charge
pump, the di/dt noise caused by the parasitic trace
inductance is minimized. The charge pump is active only
in headphone modes.
To reduce audible noise at the outputs, the IC’s headphone amplifier includes headphone ground sensing.
Connect the sense line (HPSNS) to the ground terminal
of the device’s headphone jack. Any noise present at
the headphone ground is then added to the headphone
output. The result is elimination of this noise from the
audible output. If ground sensing is not required, connect HPSNS directly to ground. Figure 30 shows a block
diagram of the headphone output section including the
headphone sense function.
Headphone Output Mixers
The IC’s headphone amplifier accepts input from the
stereo DAC and the line inputs. The output of the left and
right DAC cannot be mixed at the headphone mixer. Use
MIXDAL/MIXDAR to mix the left and right audio channels
before conversion.
VDD
VDD/2
DACL
DALEN
GND
CONVENTIONAL AMPLIFIER BIASING SCHEME
+VDD
DACR
HPVOLL:
+3dB TO -67dB
DAREN
PGAOUT1:
0dB TO -23dB
PREOUT1
HPL
MIX
HPLEN
+9dB
MIXHPL
GND
HPSNS
MIX
PREOUT2
DirectDrive AMPLIFIER BIASING SCHEME
-VDD
(VSS)
Figure 29. Traditional Amplifier Output vs. DirectDrive Output
96
HPVOLR:
+3dB TO -67dB
HPR
+9dB
MIXHPR
PGAOUT2:
0dB TO -23dB
Figure 30. Headphone Amplifier Block Diagram
HPREN
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
6
5
0x27
MIXHPL
MIXHPR
Right Headphone Output Mixer
10xx = Left DAC (requires DAREN = 0 for proper operation)
01xx = Right DAC
11xx = Right DAC
xx1x = Reserved
xxx1 = Preoutput mixer 2
4
3
2
1
DESCRIPTION
Left Headphone Output Mixer
10xx = Left DAC
01xx = Right DAC (requires DALEN = 0 for proper operation)
11xx = Left DAC
xx1x = Reserved
xxx1 = Preoutput mixer 1
7
0
MAX9888
Table 28. Headphone Output Mixer Register
Headphone Output Volume
Table 29. Headphone Output Level Register
REGISTER
BIT
7
NAME
HPLM/HPRM
DESCRIPTION
Headphone Output Mute
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Left/Right Headphone Output Volume Level
4
0x38/0x39
3
HPVOLL/HPVOLR
2
1
0
VALUE
VOLUME (dB)
VALUE
VOLUME (dB)
0x00
-67
0x10
-15
0x01
-63
0x11
-13
0x02
-59
0x12
-11
0x03
-55
0x13
-9
0x04
-51
0x14
-7
0x05
-47
0x15
-5
0x06
-43
0x16
-4
0x07
-40
0x17
-3
0x08
-37
0x18
-2
-1
0x09
-34
0x19
0x0A
-31
0x1A
0
0x0B
-28
0x1B
+1
0x0C
-25
0x1C
+1.5
0x0D
-22
0x1D
+2
0x0E
-19
0x1E
+2.5
0x0F
-17
0x1F
+3
97
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Output Bypass Switches
an external receiver amplifier is used, route its output to
the left speaker through RECP/RXINP and RECN/RXINN,
bypassing the Class D amplifier. In systems where an
external amplifier drives both the receiver and the IC’s
line input, one of the differential signals can be disconnected from the receiver when not needed by passing it
through the analog switch that connects RECP/RXINP to
RECN/RXINN.
The IC includes two output bypass switches that solve
common applications problems. When a single transducer is used for the loudspeaker and receiver, the need
exists for two amplifiers to power the same transducer.
Bypass switches connect the IC’s receiver amplifier
output to the speaker amplifier’s output, allowing either
amplifier to power the same transducer. In systems where
RECP/RXINP
10I*
0dB
RECN/RXINN
RECEN
10I*
EXTERNAL
RECEIVER AMP
RECP/RXINP
EXTERNAL
RECEIVER
AMP
RECN/RXINN
0dB
RECN/RXINN
RECEN
RECBYP
0dB
RECN/RXINN
RECBYP
RECEN
SPKBYP
+6dB
SPKBYP
SPKLVDD
SPKLP
SPKLN
SPKLGND
SPLEN
RECBYP
SPKBYP
SPKLVDD
SPKLP
POWER/DISTORTION
LIMITER
+6dB
SPKLN
SPLEN
SPKLGND
POWER/DISTORTION
LIMITER
*OPTIONAL 10I RESISTORS IMPROVE DISTORTION
THROUGH THE ANALOG SWITCH.
SPEAKER AMPLIFIER BYPASS USING AN
EXTERNAL RECEIVER AMPLIFIER
SPEAKER AMPLIFIER BYPASS USING THE
INTERNAL RECEIVER AMPLIFIER
SPKLVDD
SPKLP
+6dB
SPKLN
SPLEN
SPKLGND
POWER/DISTORTION
LIMITER
CONTROLLING AN EXTERNAL RECEIVE
AMPLIFIER AND SPEAKER
Figure 31. Output Bypass Switch Block Diagrams
Table 30. Output Bypass Switches Register
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
7
INABYP
4
MIC2BYP
1
98
See the Microphone Inputs section.
RECBYP
RXINP to RXINN Bypass Switch
Shorts RXINP to RXINN allowing a signal to pass through the MAX9888. Disable the
receiver amplifier when RECBYP = 1.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
SPKBYP
RXIN to SPKL Bypass Switch
Shorts RXINP/RXINN to SPKLP/SPKLN allowing either the internal or an external
receiver amplifier to power the left speaker. Disable the left speaker amplifier when
SPKBYP = 1.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
0x48
0
DESCRIPTION
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Zero-crossing detection is implemented on all analog
PGAs and volume controls to prevent large glitches
when volume changes are made. Instead of making a
volume change immediately, the change is made when
the audio signal crosses the midpoint. If no zero-crossing
occurs within the timeout window, the change is forced.
Volume slewing breaks up large volume changes into the
smallest available step size and the steps through each
step between the initial and final volume setting. When
enabled, volume slewing also occurs at device turn-on
and turn-off. During turn-on the volume is set to mute
before the output is enabled. Once the output is on, the
volume ramps to the desired level. At turn-off the volume
is ramped to mute before the outputs are disabled.
When there is no audio signal zero-crossing detection
can prevent volume slewing from occurring. Enable
enhanced volume slewing to prevent the volume controller from requesting another volume level until the previous one has been set. Each step in the volume ramp
then occurs after a zero crossing has occurred in the
audio signal or the timeout window has expired. During
turn-off, enhance volume slewing is always disabled.
Table 31. Click-and-Pop Reduction Register
REGISTER
BIT
7
6
NAME
VS2EN
VSEN
Volume Adjustment Smoothing
Volume changes are smoothed by stepping through intermediate steps. Also ramps
the volume from minimum to the programmed value at turn-on and back to minimum at
turn-off.
0 = Enabled
1 = Disabled
Applies to volume changes in HPVOLL, HPVOLR, RECVOL, SPVOLL, and SPVOLR.
ZDEN
Zero-Crossing Detection
Holds volume changes until there is a zero crossing in the audio signal. This reduces
click and pop during volume changes (zipper noise). If no zero crossing is detected
within 100ms, the volume change is forced.
0 = Enabled
1 = Disabled
Applies to volume changes in PGAM1, PGAM2, PGAOUTA, PGAOUTB, PGAOUTC,
HPVOLL, HPVOLR, RECVOL, SPVOLL, and SPVOLR.
0x49
5
DESCRIPTION
Enhanced Volume Smoothing
During volume slewing, the controller waits for each step in the ramp to be applied
before sending the next step. When zero-crossing detection is enabled this prevents
large steps in the output volume when no zero crossings are detected.
0 = Enabled
1 = Disabled
Applies to volume changes in HPVOLL, HPVOLR, RECVOL, SPVOLL, and SPVOLR.
1
EQ2EN
0
EQ1EN
See the 5-Band Parametric EQ section.
99
MAX9888
Click-and-Pop Reduction
The IC includes extensive click-and-pop reduction circuitry. The circuitry minimizes clicks and pops at turn-on,
turn-off, and during volume changes.
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Jack Detection
The IC features jack detection that can detect the insertion and removal of a jack as well as the load type. When
a jack is detected, an interrupt on IRQ can be triggered
to alert the microcontroller of the event. Figure 32 shows
the typical configuration for jack detection.
Jack Insertion
To detect a jack insertion, the IC must have a power
supply and MICBIAS should be disabled. Set JDETEN
to enable jack detection circuitry and apply a pullup current to JACKSNS. Set JDWK to minimize supply current.
Clear JDWK to differentiate between headsets with a
microphone and headphones without a microphone. The
voltage on JACKSNS is equal to SPKLVDD as long as no
load is applied to JACKSNS. Table 32 shows the change
in JKSNS that occurs when a jack is inserted.
Accessory Button Detection
After jack insertion, the MAX9888 can detect button
presses on accessories that include a microphone and
a switch that shorts the microphone signal to ground.
Set JDETEN to enable jack detection circuitry. A pullup
current is automatically applied to JACKSNS if MICBIAS
is disabled. Clear JDWK to allow differentiation between
the microphone load and a short to ground. Button
presses can be detected both when MICBIAS is enabled
and disabled. Table 33 shows the change in JKSNS that
occurs when the accessory button is pressed.
HPL
MICBIAS
JACKSNS
HPR
MIC1P
Figure 32. Typical Configuration for Jack Detection
Table 32. Change in JKSNS Upon Jack Insertion
JACK TYPE
JDWK = 1
JDWK = 0
GND
GND
R
L
JKSNS: 11 è 00
JKSNS: 11 è 00
MIC
GND
R
L
JKSNS: 11 è 00
JKSNS: 11 è 01
Table 33. Change in JKSNS Upon Button Press
JACK TYPE
MIC
100
GND
MICBIAS ENABLED OR DISABLED
R
L
JKSNS: 01 è 00
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
applied to JACKSNS if MICBIAS is disabled. Set JDWK
to minimize supply current if button detection is not
required. Table 34 shows the change in JKSNS that
occurs when a jack is removed.
Table 34. Change in JKSNS Upon Jack Removal
JACK TYPE
JDWK = 1 AND MICBIAS DISABLED
JDWK = 0 OR MICBIAS ENABLED
GND
GND
R
L
JKSNS: 00 è 11
JKSNS: 00 è 11
MIC
GND
R
L
JKSNS: 00 è 11
JKSNS: 01 è 11
Table 35. Jack Detection Registers
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
DESCRIPTION
JACKSNS State
Reports the status of JACKSNS when JDETEN = 1.
VALUE
7
00
0x02
(Read Only)
JKSNS
01
10
6
11
7
0x49
JDETEN
1
JDEB
0
7
6
SHDN
VBATEN
0x4C
1
JDWK
MODE
MBEN = 1
DESCRIPTION
VJACKSNS < 0.1 x VMICBIAS
MBEN = 0
VJACKSNS < 0.1 x VSPKLVDD
MBEN = 1
0.1 x VMICBIAS < VJACKSNS < 0.95 x VMICBIAS
MBEN = 0
0.1 x VSPKLVDD < VJACKSNS < 0.95 x VSPKLVDD
MBEN = 1
Reserved
MBEN = 0
Reserved
MBEN = 1
0.95 x VMICBIAS < VJACKSNS
MBEN = 0
0.95 x VSPKLVDD < VJACKSNS
Jack Detection Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Jack Detection Debounce
Configures the debounce time for setting JDET.
00 = 25ms
01 = 50ms
10 = 100ms
11 = 200ms
See the Power Management section.
See the Battery Measurement section.
JACKSNS Pullup
When JDWK = 1 JACKSNS is slow to increase in voltage. Set JDWK = 0 before setting
JDETEN = 1 to prevent false detection.
Valid when MBIAS = 0 or SHDN = 0.
0 = 2.4kI to SPKLVDD (allows microphone detection)
1 = 5FA to SPKLVDD (minimizes supply current)
101
MAX9888
Jack Removal
The IC detects jack removal by monitoring JACKSNS
for transitions to the 11 state. Set JDETEN to enable
jack detection circuitry. A pullup current is automatically
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Battery Measurement
The IC measures the voltage applied to SPKLVDD (typically the battery voltage) and reports the value in register 0x03. This value is also used by the speaker limiter
circuitry to set accurate thresholds. When the battery
measurement function is disabled, the battery voltage is
user programmable.
Table 36. Battery Measurement Registers
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
4
3
0x03
2
VBAT
1
0
0x4C
102
7
SHDN
6
VBATEN
1
JDWK
DESCRIPTION
Battery Voltage
Read VBAT when VBATEN = 1 to determine VSPKLVDD. Program VBAT when VBATEN
= 0 to allow proper speaker amplifier signal processing. Calculate the battery voltage
using the following formula:
VBATTERY = 2.55V + [VBAT/10]
See the Power Management section.
Battery Measurement Enable
Enables an internal ADC to measure VSPKLVDD.
0 = Disabled (register 0x03 readable and writeable)
1 = Enabled (register 0x03 read only)
See the Headset Detection section.
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
either by poling register 0x00 or configuring the IRQ to
pull low when specific events occur. IRQ is an opendrain output that requires a pullup resistor for proper
operation. Register 0x0F determines which bits in the
status register trigger IRQ to pull low.
Table 37. Status and Interrupt Registers
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
DESCRIPTION
CLD
Full Scale
0 = All digital signals are less than full scale.
1 = The DAC or ADC signal path has reached or exceeded full scale. This typically
indicates clipping.
6
SLD
Volume Slew Complete
SLD reports that any of the programmable-gain arrays or volume controllers has
completed slewing from a previous setting to a new programmed setting. If multiple
gain arrays or volume controllers are changed at the same time, the SLD flag is set
after the last volume slew completes. SLD also reports when the digital audio interface
soft-start or soft-stop process has completed. MCLK is required for proper SLD
operation.
0 = No volume slewing sequences have completed since the status register was last
read.
1 = Volume slewing complete.
5
ULK
Digital Audio Interface Unlocked
0 = Both digital audio interfaces are operating normally.
1 = Either digital audio interface is configured incorrectly or receiving invalid data.
1
JDET
Jack Configuration Change
JDET reports changes to any bit in the Jack Status register (0x02). Changes to the Jack
Status bits are debounced before setting JDET. The debounce period is programmable
using the JDEB bits. JDET is always set the first time JDETEN or SHDN is set the first
time power is applied to the IC. Read the status register following such an event to clear
JDET and allow for proper jack detection.
0 = No change in jack configuration.
1 = Jack configuration has changed.
7
ICLD
6
ISLD
5
IULK
1
IJDET
7
0x00
(Read Only)
0x0F
Full-Scale Interrupt Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Volume Slew Complete Interrupt Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Digital Audio Interface Unlocked Interrupt Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Jack Configuration Change Interrupt Enable
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
103
MAX9888
Device Status
The IC uses register 0x00 and IRQ to report the status of
various device functions. The status register bits are set
when their respective events occur, and cleared upon
reading the register. Device status can be determined
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Device Revision
Table 38. Device Revision Register
REGISTER
BIT
NAME
DESCRIPTION
7
6
5
0xFF
(Read Only)
4
3
Device Revision Code
REV is always set to 0x43.
REV
2
1
0
I2C Serial Interface
The IC features an I2C/SMBusK-compatible, 2-wire
serial interface comprising a serial-data line (SDA) and
a serial-clock line (SCL). SDA and SCL facilitate communication between the IC and the master at clock rates
up to 400kHz. Figure 5 shows the 2-wire interface timing
diagram. The master generates SCL and initiates data
transfer on the bus. The master device writes data to the
IC by transmitting the proper slave address followed by
the register address and then the data word. Each transmit sequence is framed by a START (S) or REPEATED
START (Sr) condition and a STOP (P) condition. Each
word transmitted to the IC is 8 bits long and is followed
by an acknowledge clock pulse. A master reading data
from the IC transmits the proper slave address followed
by a series of nine SCL pulses. The IC transmits data on
SDA in sync with the master-generated SCL pulses. The
master acknowledges receipt of each byte of data. Each
read sequence is framed by a START or REPEATED
START condition, a not acknowledge, and a STOP condition. SDA operates as both an input and an open-drain
output. A pullup resistor, typically greater than 500I,
is required on SDA. SCL operates only as an input. A
pullup resistor, typically greater than 500I, is required
on SCL if there are multiple masters on the bus, or if
the single master has an open-drain SCL output. Series
resistors in line with SDA and SCL are optional. Series
S
SCL
SDA
Figure 33. START, STOP, and REPEATED START Conditions
SMBus is a trademark of Intel Corp.
104
resistors protect the digital inputs of the IC from high
voltage spikes on the bus lines, and minimize crosstalk
and undershoot of the bus signals.
Bit Transfer
One data bit is transferred during each SCL cycle. The
data on SDA must remain stable during the high period of
the SCL pulse. Changes in SDA while SCL is high are control signals (see the START and STOP Conditions section).
START and STOP Conditions
SDA and SCL idle high when the bus is not in use. A
master initiates communication by issuing a START
condition. A START condition is a high-to-low transition
on SDA with SCL high. A STOP condition is a low-tohigh transition on SDA while SCL is high (Figure 33). A
START condition from the master signals the beginning
of a transmission to the IC. The master terminates transmission, and frees the bus, by issuing a STOP condition.
The bus remains active if a REPEATED START condition
is generated instead of a STOP condition.
Early STOP Conditions
The IC recognizes a STOP condition at any point during
data transmission except if the STOP condition occurs in
the same high pulse as a START condition. For proper
operation, do not send a STOP condition during the
same SCL high pulse as the START condition.
Sr
P
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
is busy or if a system fault has occurred. In the event
of an unsuccessful data transfer, the bus master retries
communication. The master pulls down SDA during the
9th clock cycle to acknowledge receipt of data when
the IC is in read mode. An acknowledge is sent by the
master after each read byte to allow data transfer to
continue. A not acknowledge is sent when the master
reads the final byte of data from the IC, followed by a
STOP condition.
Acknowledge
The acknowledge bit (ACK) is a clocked 9th bit that the
IC uses to handshake receipt each byte of data when
in write mode (Figure 34). The IC pulls down SDA during the entire master-generated 9th clock pulse if the
previous byte is successfully received. Monitoring ACK
allows for detection of unsuccessful data transfers. An
unsuccessful data transfer occurs if a receiving device
Write Data Format
A write to the IC includes transmission of a START condition, the slave address with the R/W bit set to 0, one byte
of data to configure the internal register address pointer,
one or more bytes of data, and a STOP condition. Figure
35 illustrates the proper frame format for writing one byte
of data to the IC. Figure 35 illustrates the frame format for
writing n-bytes of data to the IC.
CLOCK PULSE FOR
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
START
CONDITION
SCL
2
1
8
9
NOT ACKNOWLEDGE
SDA
ACKNOWLEDGE
Figure 34. Acknowledge
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX9888
B7
SLAVE ADDRESS
S
B6
B5
B4
B3
B2
B1
B0
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX9888
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX9888
A
O
A
REGISTER ADDRESS
DATA BYTE
A
P
1 BYTE
R/W
AUTOINCREMENT INTERNAL REGISTER ADDRESS POINTER
Figure 35. Writing One Byte of Data to the IC
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX9888
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX9888
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX9888
S
SLAVE ADDRESS
O
A
REGISTER ADDRESS
R/W
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX9888
B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0
A
DATA BYTE 1
1 BYTE
B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0
A
DATA BYTE n
A
P
1 BYTE
AUTOINCREMENT INTERNAL REGISTER ADDRESS POINTER
Figure 36. Writing n-Bytes of Data to the IC
105
MAX9888
Slave Address
The slave address is defined as the seven most significant bits (MSBs) followed by the read/write bit. For the
IC, the seven most significant bits are 0010000. Setting
the read/write bit to 1 (slave address = 0x21) configures
the IC for read mode. Setting the read/write bit to 0 (slave
address = 0x20) configures the IC for write mode. The
address is the first byte of information sent to the IC after
the START condition.
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
The slave address with the R/W bit set to 0 indicates
that the master intends to write data to the IC. The IC
acknowledges receipt of the address byte during the
master-generated 9th SCL pulse.
The first byte transmitted from the IC is the content of
register 0x00. Transmitted data is valid on the rising
edge of SCL. The address pointer autoincrements after
each read data byte. This autoincrement feature allows
all registers to be read sequentially within one continuous frame. A STOP condition can be issued after any
number of read data bytes. If a STOP condition is issued
followed by another read operation, the first data byte to
be read is from register 0x00.
The second byte transmitted from the master configures
the IC’s internal register address pointer. The pointer
tells the IC where to write the next byte of data. An
acknowledge pulse is sent by the IC upon receipt of the
address pointer data.
The address pointer can be preset to a specific register
before a read command is issued. The master presets
the address pointer by first sending the IC’s slave
address with the R/W bit set to 0 followed by the register
address. A REPEATED START condition is then sent followed by the slave address with the R/W bit set to 1. The
IC then transmits the contents of the specified register.
The address pointer autoincrements after transmitting
the first byte.
The third byte sent to the IC contains the data that is
written to the chosen register. An acknowledge pulse
from the IC signals receipt of the data byte. The address
pointer autoincrements to the next register address after
each received data byte. This autoincrement feature
allows a master to write to sequential registers within
one continuous frame. The master signals the end of
transmission by issuing a STOP condition. Register
addresses greater than 0xC7 are reserved. Do not write
to these addresses.
The master acknowledges receipt of each read byte
during the acknowledge clock pulse. The master must
acknowledge all correctly received bytes except the last
byte. The final byte must be followed by a not acknowledge from the master and then a STOP condition. Figure
37 illustrates the frame format for reading one byte from
the IC. Figure 38 illustrates the frame format for reading
multiple bytes from the IC.
Read Data Format
Send the slave address with the R/W bit set to 1 to initiate a read operation. The IC acknowledges receipt of
its slave address by pulling SDA low during the 9th SCL
clock pulse. A START command followed by a read command resets the address pointer to register 0x00.
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX9888
S
O
SLAVE ADDRESS
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX9888
A
REGISTER ADDRESS
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX9888
A
Sr
A
R/W
REPEATED START
R/W
1
SLAVE ADDRESS
NOT ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MASTER
DATA BYTE
A
P
1 BYTE
AUTOINCREMENT INTERNAL REGISTER ADDRESS POINTER
Figure 37. Reading One Byte of Data from the IC
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX9888
S
SLAVE ADDRESS
O
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX9888
A
REGISTER ADDRESS
R/W
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX9888
A
REPEATED START
Sr
SLAVE ADDRESS
1
R/W
A
DATA BYTE
A
1 BYTE
AUTOINCREMENT INTERNAL REGISTER ADDRESS POINTER
Figure 38. Reading n Bytes of Data from the IC
106
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
required for the IC to operate. Additional components
may be required by the application.
Typical Operating Circuits
Figures 39 and 40 provide example operating circuits for
the IC. The external components shown are the minimum
Analog Microphones and Bypass Switch
2.8V TO 5.5V
1.8V
10FF
1.8V TO 3.6V
1FF
1.8V TO
5.5V
DVDDS1
DVDD
1FF
1FF
HPVDD
AVDD
1.8V TO 3.6V
1FF
1FF
SPKLVDD
1FF
SPKRVDD
1FF
DVDDS2
10kI
TO MICROCONTROLLER
BCLKS2
IRQ
BCLKS1
DIGITAL AUDIO
PORT 1
I2C CONTROL
PORT
JACKSNS
1kI
2.2kI
SDINS2
LRCLKS1
SDOUTS2
SDINS1
JACKSNS
SDOUTS1
RECP/RXINP
SDA
RECN/RXINN
SCL
MICROPHONE
OUTPUT TO
BASEBAND
MAX9888
MIC1N/DIGMICCLK
8I
SPKRP
8I
SPKRN
MICBIAS
1FF
HPR
HPL
MIC2N
HPSNS
1FF
INA1/EXTMICP
REF
1FF
INA2/EXTMICN
PREG
1FF
INB1
1kI
LINE INPUT
BYPASS
SWITCH
INPUT
SPKLN
1FF
HANDSET
MICROPHONE
JACKSNS
SPKLP
MIC1P/DIGMICDATA
MIC2P
HEADSET
MICROPHONE
DIGITAL
AUDIO
PORT 2
LRCLKS2
MCLK
10MHz TO 60MHz CLOCK INPUT
REG
1FF
INB2
1FF
DGND
1FF
AGND
HPGND
SPKRGND SPKLGND
HPVSS
C1N
1FF
2.2FF
C1P
1FF
1FF
Figure 39. Typical Application Circuit Using Analog Microphone Inputs and the Bypass Switch
107
MAX9888
Applications Information
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
MAX9888
Digital Microphones and Receiver Amplifier
2.8V TO 5.5V
1.8V
10FF
1.8V TO 3.6V
1FF
1.8V TO
5.5V
DVDDS1
DVDD
1FF
1FF
HPVDD
1.8V TO 3.6V
1FF
AVDD
1FF
SPKLVDD
1FF
SPKRVDD
1FF
DVDDS2
10kI
TO MICROCONTROLLER
BCLKS2
IRQ
10MHz TO 60MHz
CLOCK INPUT
LRCLKS2
MCLK
BCLKS1
DIGITAL AUDIO
PORT 1
I2C CONTROL
DATA
DIGITAL
MIC 1
DIGITAL
MIC 2
PORT
SDINS2
LRCLKS1
SDOUTS2
SDINS1
JACKSNS
SDOUTS1
RECP/RXINP
SDA
RECN/RXINN
SCL
DATA
SPKRP
8I
SPKRN
MICBIAS
1FF
HPR
MIC2P
HEADSET
MICROPHONE
8I
MAX9888
CLOCK
2.2kI
32I
SPKLN
MIC1N/ DIGMICCLK
JACKSNS
JACKSNS
SPKLP
MIC1P/DIGMICDATA
CLOCK
DIGITAL
AUDIO
PORT 2
HPL
1FF
MIC2N
HPSNS
1FF
LINE INPUT
INA1/EXTMICP
REF
INA2/EXTMICN
PREG
1FF
1FF
INB1
LINE INPUT
REG
1FF
1FF
INB2
1FF
DGND
AGND
HPGND
SPKRGND SPKLGND
HPVSS
C1N
C1P
1FF
1FF
Figure 40. Typical Application Circuit Using the Digital Microphone Input and Receiver Amplifier
108
1FF
2.2FF
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
The IC does not require an output filter. The device relies
on the inherent inductance of the speaker coil and the
natural filtering of both the speaker and the human ear
to recover the audio component of the square-wave output. Eliminating the output filter results in a smaller, less
costly, more efficient solution.
Because the frequency of the IC output is well beyond
the bandwidth of most speakers, voice coil movement due to the square-wave frequency is very small.
Although this movement is small, a speaker not designed
to handle the additional power can be damaged. For
optimum results, use a speaker with a series inductance
> 10FH. Typical 8I speakers exhibit series inductances
in the 20FH to 100FH range.
RF Susceptibility
GSM radios transmit using time-division multiple access
(TDMA) with 217Hz intervals. The result is an RF signal
with strong amplitude modulation at 217Hz and its harmonics that is easily demodulated by audio amplifiers.
The IC is designed specifically to reject RF signals; however, PCB layout has a large impact on the susceptibility
of the end product.
In RF applications, improvements to both layout and component selection decrease the IC’s susceptibility to RF
noise and prevent RF signals from being demodulated into
audible noise. Trace lengths should be kept below 1/4 of
the wavelength of the RF frequency of interest. Minimizing
the trace lengths prevents them from functioning as antennas and coupling RF signals into the IC. The wavelength
(l) in meters is given by: l = c/f where c = 3 x 108 m/s, and
f = the RF frequency of interest.
Route audio signals on middle layers of the PCB to allow
ground planes above and below to shield them from RF
interference. Ideally, the top and bottom layers of the
PCB should primarily be ground planes to create effective shielding.
Additional RF immunity can also be obtained by relying on the self-resonant frequency of capacitors as it
exhibits a frequency response similar to a notch filter.
Depending on the manufacturer, 10pF to 20pF capacitors typically exhibit self resonance at the RF frequencies
of interest. These capacitors, when placed at the input
pins, can effectively shunt the RF noise to ground. For
these capacitors to be effective, they must have a lowimpedance, low-inductance path to the ground plane.
Avoid using microvias to connect to the ground plane
whenever possible as these vias do not conduct well at
RF frequencies.
Startup/Shutdown Sequencing
To ensure proper device initialization and minimal clickand-pop, program the IC’s SHDN = 1 after configuring all
registers. Table 39 lists an example startup sequence for
the device. To shut down the IC, simply set SHDN = 0.
Table 39. Example Startup Sequence
SEQUENCE
1
DESCRIPTION
Ensure SHDN = 0
REGISTERS
0x4C
2
Configure clocks
0x10 to 0x13, 0x19 to 0x1B
3
Configure digital audio interface
0x14 to 0x17, 0x1C to 0x1F
4
Configure digital signal processing
0x18, 0x20, 0x3D to 0x44
5
Load coefficients
0x50 to 0xC7
6
Configure mixers
0x21 to 0x29
7
Configure gain and volume controls
0x2A to 0x3C
8
Configure miscellaneous functions
0x45 to 0x49
9
Enable desired functions
0x4A, 0x4B
10
Set SHDN = 1
0x4C
109
MAX9888
Filterless Class D Operation
Traditional Class D amplifiers require an output filter
to recover the audio signal from the amplifier’s output.
The filters add cost, increase the solution size of the
amplifier, and can decrease efficiency and THD+N
performance. The traditional PWM scheme uses large
differential output swings (2 x VDD peak to peak) and
causes large ripple currents. Any parasitic resistance in
the filter components results in a loss of power, lowering
the efficiency.
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
While many configuration options in the IC can be made
while the device is operating, some registers should
only be adjusted when the corresponding audio path is
disabled. Table 40 lists the registers that are sensitive
during operation. Either disable the corresponding audio
path or set SHDN = 0 while changing these registers.
Component Selection
Optional Ferrite Bead Filter
In applications where speaker leads exceed 20mm,
additional EMI suppression can be achieved by using a
filter constructed from a ferrite bead and a capacitor to
ground (Figure 41). Use a ferrite bead with low DC resistance, high-frequency (> 600MHz) impedance between
100I and 600I, and rated for at least 1A. The capacitor
value varies based on the ferrite bead chosen and the
actual speaker lead length. Select a capacitor less than
1nF based on EMI performance.
Input Capacitor
An input capacitor, CIN, in conjunction with the input
impedance of the IC line inputs forms a highpass filter
that removes the DC bias from an incoming analog
signal. The AC coupling capacitor allows the amplifier
to automatically bias the signal to an optimum DC level.
Assuming zero-source impedance, the -3dB point of the
highpass filter is given by:
1
f-3dB =
2πRINCIN
Choose CIN so that f-3dB is well below the lowest frequency of interest. For best audio quality use capacitors
whose dielectrics have low-voltage coefficients, such as
tantalum or aluminum electrolytic. Capacitors with highvoltage coefficients, such as ceramics, may result in
increased distortion at low frequencies.
Charge-Pump Capacitor Selection
Use capacitors with an ESR less than 100mI for optimum
performance. Low-ESR ceramic capacitors minimize the
output resistance of the charge pump. Most surfacemount ceramic capacitors satisfy the ESR requirement.
For best performance over the extended temperature
range, select capacitors with an X7R dielectric.
Table 40. Registers That Are Sensitive to Changes During Operation
REGISTER
DESCRIPTION
0x10 to 0x13, 0x19 to 0x1B
Clock Control Registers
0x14 to 0x17, 0x1C to 0x1F
Digital Audio Interface Configuration
0x18, 0x20
Digital Passband Filters
0x24 to 0x29
Analog Mixers
0x50 to 0xC7
Digital Signal Processing Coefficients
SPK_P
MAX9888
Figure 41. Optional Class D Ferrite Bead Filter
110
SPK_N
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Charge-Pump Holding Capacitor
The holding capacitor (bypassing HPVSS) value and
ESR directly affect the ripple at HPVSS. Increasing
the capacitor’s value reduces output ripple. Likewise,
decreasing the ESR reduces both ripple and output
resistance. Lower capacitance values can be used in
systems with low maximum output power levels. See the
Output Power vs. Load Resistance graph in the Typical
Operating Characteristics section for more information
Unused Pins
Table 41 shows how to connect the IC’s pins when
unused.
Table 41. Unused Pins
NAME
CONNECTION
NAME
CONNECTION
SPKRP
Unconnected
INB1
Unconnected
SPKRVDD
Always connected
INA2/MICEXTN
Unconnected
SPKLVDD
Always connect
LRCLKS2
Unconnected
SPKLP
Unconnected
MCLK
Always connect
RECN/RXINN
Unconnected
SDINS2
AGND
HPVDD
Always connect
Unconnected
C1P
Unconnected
IRQ
MIC1P/DIGMICDATA
HPGND
AGND
INA1/MICEXTP
Unconnected
SPKRN
Unconnected
DGND
Always connect
SPKRGND
Always connect
BCLKS2
Unconnected
SPKLGND
Always connect
SDA
Always connect
Unconnected
SPKLN
Unconnected
SCL
Always connect
RECP/RXINP
Unconnected
REG
Always connect
C1N
Unconnected
REF
Always connect
HPL
Unconnected
MIC1N/DIGMICCLK
Unconnected
HPVSS
Unconnected
MIC2P
Unconnected
SDINS1
AGND
SDOUTS2
Unconnected
LRCLKS1
Unconnected
DVDDS2
DVDD
HPSNS
AGND
DVDD
Always connect
INB2
Unconnected
AVDD
Always connect
HPR
Unconnected
PREG
Always connect
DVDDS1
DVDD
AGND
Always connect
SDOUTS1
Unconnected
MICBIAS
Unconnected
BCLKS1
Unconnected
MIC2N
Unconnected
JACKSNS
Unconnected
111
MAX9888
Charge-Pump Flying Capacitor
The value of the flying capacitor (connected between
C1N and C1P) affects the output resistance of the
charge pump. A value that is too small degrades the
device’s ability to provide sufficient current drive, which
leads to a loss of output voltage. Increasing the value
of the flying capacitor reduces the charge-pump output
resistance to an extent. Above 1FF, the on-resistance
of the internal switches and the ESR of external chargepump capacitors dominate.
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Recommended PCB Routing
The IC uses a 63-bump WLP package. Figure 42
provides an example of how to connect to all active
bumps using 3 layers of the PCB. To ensure uninterrupted ground returns, use layer 2 as a connecting layer
between layer 1 and layer 2 and flood the remaining area
with ground.
Supply Bypassing, Layout, and Grounding
Proper layout and grounding are essential for optimum
performance. When designing a PCB for the IC, partition the circuitry so that the analog sections of the IC are
separated from the digital sections. This ensures that the
analog audio traces are not routed near digital traces.
Use a large continuous ground plane on a dedicated
layer of the PCB to minimize loop areas. Connect AGND,
DGND, HPGND, SPKLGND, and SPKRGND directly to
the ground plane using the shortest trace length possible. Proper grounding improves audio performance,
minimizes crosstalk between channels, and prevents
any digital noise from coupling into the analog audio
signals.
Ground the bypass capacitors on MICBIAS, REG, PREG,
and REF directly to the ground plane with minimum
trace length. Also be sure to minimize the path length to
AGND. Bypass AVDD directly to AGND.
LAYER 1
Connect all digital I/O termination to the ground plane
with minimum path length to DGND. Bypass DVDD,
DVDDS1, and DVDDS2 directly to DGND.
Place the capacitor between C1P and C1N as close as
possible to the IC to minimize trace length from C1P to
C1N. Inductance and resistance added between C1P
and C1N reduce the output power of the headphone
amplifier. Bypass HPVSS with a capacitor located close
to HPVSS with a short trace length to HPGND. Close
decoupling of HPVSS minimizes supply ripple and maximizes output power from the headphone amplifier.
LAYER 2
LAYER 3
Figure 42. Suggested Routing
112
HPSNS senses ground noise on the headphone jack and
adds the same noise to the output audio signal, thereby
making the output (headphone output minus ground)
noise free. Connect HPSNS to the headphone jack shield
to ensure accurate pickup of headphone ground noise.
Bypass SPKLVDD and SPKRVDD to SPKLGND and
SPKRGND, respectively, with as little trace length as
possible. Connect SPKLP, SPKLN, SPKRP, and SPKRN
to the stereo speakers using the shortest traces possible. Reducing trace length minimizes radiated EMI.
Route SPKLP/SPKLN and SPKRP/SPKRN as differential
pairs on the PCB to minimize loop area, thereby the
inductance of the circuit. If filter components are used
on the speaker outputs, be sure to locate them as close
as possible to the IC to ensure maximum effectiveness.
Minimize the trace length from any ground-connected
passive components to SPKLGND and SPKRGND to
further minimize radiated EMI.
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
MAX9888
Route microphone signals from the microphone to the IC
as a differential pair, ensuring that the positive and negative signals follow the same path as closely as possible
with equal trace length. When using single-ended microphones or other single-ended audio sources, ground the
negative microphone input as close as possible to the
audio source and then treat the positive and negative
traces as differential pairs.
0.24mm
An evaluation kit (EV kit) is available to provide an example layout for the IC. The EV kit allows quick setup of the
IC and includes easy-to-use software allowing all internal
registers to be controlled.
WLP Applications Information
For the latest application details on WLP construction,
dimensions, tape carrier information, PCB techniques,
bump-pad layout, and recommended reflow temperature profile, as well as the latest information on reliability
testing results, refer to the Application Note 1891: WaferLevel Packaging (WLP) and Its Applications. Figure 43
shows the dimensions of the WLP balls used on the IC.
0.21mm
Figure 43. WLP Ball Dimensions
113
MAX9888
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the
package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the
package regardless of RoHS status.
114
PACKAGE TYPE
PACKAGE CODE
OUTLINE No.
LAND PATTERN NO.
63 WLP
W633A3+1
21-0462
—
Stereo Audio CODEC
with FLEXSOUND Technology
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE
0
6/10
DESCRIPTION
Initial release
PAGES
CHANGED
—
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied.
Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
© 2010
Maxim Integrated Products 115
Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
MAX9888
Revision History