Monolithic No-Opto Isolated Flyback Converter Provides Versatile Solution Design Note 525 George Qian Introduction Traditionally, isolated power supplies use an optocoupler in the feedback loop to transfer regulation information across the isolation barrier. Unfortunately, an opto-coupler’s gain characteristic varies widely over temperature and lifetime, increasing the difficulty of power supply loop compensation. Linear Technology’s line of no-opto flyback converters, such as the LT®3573, LT3574, LT3575, LT3511, LT3512 and LT8300, simplify flyback design by incorporating a primary-side sensing scheme, thereby eliminating the need for an opto-isolator. The LT8302 monolithic no-opto flyback converter has an integrated 65V/3.6A DMOS power switch with internal loop compensation and soft-start. The LT8302 can operate from an input voltage as low as 2.8V to 42V, and deliver output power up to 18W. It offers low ripple Burst Mode ® operation at light loads, providing low standby power loss, and features a low component count. Performance and Ease of Use The LT8302 simplifies the design of an isolated flyback converter by sampling the isolated output voltage directly from the primary-side flyback waveform. This solution requires no third winding or opto-coupler for regulation. The output voltage is programmed with two external resistors and an optional third temperature-compensation resistor. By integrating loop compensation and soft-start, the device minimizes the number of required external components, as shown in Figure 1. Boundary mode operation allows the use of a modestly sized transformer, while maintaining excellent load regulation. Low ripple Burst Mode operation yields high efficiency at light load while minimizing the output voltage ripple. L, LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology, Burst Mode and the Linear logo are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 100 +* 39Ω 9µH VIN SW EN/UVLO 10µF LT8302 GND • 1µH • VOUT– INTVCC 115k TC 10k * 10mA TO 1.1A (VIN = 5V) 10mA TO 2.0A (VIN = 12V) 10mA TO 2.9A (VIN = 24V) F01 Figure 1. Complete 5V Isolated Flyback Converter for a 2.8V~32V Input 04/14/525 220µF 154k RFB RREF 1µF VOUT 5V 3:1 470pF 95 90 EFFICIENCY (%) VIN 2.8V TO 32V VIN = 12V 85 80 VIN = 5V 75 70 65 60 55 50 10 100 1k LOAD CURRENT (mA) Figure 2. Efficiency of the Flyback Converter in Figure 1 10k F02 L1 12µH Z1 RFB C3 47µF LT8302 INTVCC C2 1µF VIN –4V TO –42V R4 118k SW EN/UVLO C3 47µF VOUT * VIN C1 10µF D1 D1 RREF R5 10k GND F01 * 12V/0.45A (VIN = –5V) 12V/0.8A (VIN = –12V) 12V/1.1A (VIN = –24V) 12V/1.3A (VIN = –42V) D1: DIODES PMEG6030EP L1: WÜRTH 744770112 Z1: CENTRAL CMHZ5243B R1 806k C1 10µF R2 232k L1 12µH VIN EN/UVLO SW Z1 VOUT –12V 1.8A R4 118k LT8302 EN/UVLO RFB VIN –18V TO –42V C2 1µF INTVCC RREF R5 10k F04 D1: DIODES PMEG6030EP L1: WÜRTH 744770112 Z1: CENTRAL CMHZ5243B Figure 3. Negative Input to Positive Output Buck-Boost Converter Figure 4. Negative Input to Negative Output Buck Converter Figure 1 shows a complete LT8302 flyback schematic. This converter has up to 85% efficiency, as shown in Figure 2, and sustains 82% efficiency at a 10mA load with a 5V input, thanks to its low quiescent current. level-shift circuitry. LT8302’s unique feedback sensing scheme can easily develop a regulated output voltage directly through switch node voltage waveform, eliminating the level-shift circuitry that would otherwise be required. Low IQ, Low Preload and High Efficiency At very light loads, the LT8302 reduces the switching frequency while keeping the minimum current limit. In these conditions, it enters low ripple Burst Mode operation, where the part switches between sleep mode and switching mode. The typical quiescent current is 106µA in sleep mode and 380µA in switching mode, reducing the effective quiescent current. The typical minimum switching frequency is about 12kHz, with the circuit requiring a very small preload (typical 0.5% of full load). Therefore, the LT8302 power losses in standby mode are very low—a priority for applications requiring high efficiency in always-on systems. Negative Input Power Supplies In a typical negative input power supply, the IC’s ground pin is connected to the negative input rail, which is a varying voltage. As a result, its output voltage changes with input voltage, assuming no Data Sheet Download www.linear.com/LT8302 Linear Technology Corporation Figure 3 shows a simple negative-to-positive buckboost converter, and Figure 4 shows a simple negativeto-negative buck converter. Conclusion The LT8302 operates over an input voltage range of 2.8V to 42V and delivers up to 18W of isolated output power, requiring no opto-coupler or third winding. It integrates a number of features to minimize component count, including low ripple Burst Mode operation, internal soft-start, undervoltage lockout, temperature compensation and internal feedback loop compensation. The LT8302 is ideal for a broad range of applications, from battery-powered systems to automotive, industrial, medical, telecommunications power supplies, and isolated auxiliary/housekeeping power supplies. The high level of integration yields an easy-to-use, low component count, high efficiency and versatile solution for isolated power delivery. For applications help, call (408) 432-1900, Ext. 3223 525 LT/AP 0414 111K • PRINTED IN THE USA 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear.com LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2014