DATASHEET

ISL78020, ISL78022
Data Sheet
December 23, 2013
Automotive Grade TFT-LCD DC/DC with
Integrated Amplifiers
Features
The ISL78020 and ISL78022 integrate a high performance
boost regulator with 2 LDO controllers for VON and VOFF, a
VON-slice circuit with adjustable delay and either one
(ISL78020) or five (ISL78022) amplifiers for VCOM and
VGAMMA applications.
The boost converter in the ISL78020 and ISL78022 is a
current mode PWM type integrating an 18V N-Channel
MOSFET. Operating at 1.2MHz, this boost converter can
operate in either P-Mode for superior transient response, or
in PI-Mode for tighter output regulation.
Using external low-cost transistors, the LDO controllers
provide tight regulation for VON, VOFF, as well as providing
start-up sequence control and fault protection.
The amplifiers are ideal for VCOM and VGAMMA
applications, with 150mA peak output current drive, 12MHz
bandwidth, and 12V/µs slew rate. All inputs and outputs are
rail-to-rail.
Available in a 32 Ld TQFP (7mmx7mm) Pb-free package, the
ISL78020, ISL78022 are specified for operation over a -40°C to
+105°C temperature range.
Ordering Information
PART NUMBER
(Note)
PART
MARKING
FN6386.3
• Current mode boost regulator
- Fast transient response
- 1% accurate output voltage
- 18V/3A integrated FET
- >90% efficiency
• 2.6V to 5.5V VIN supply
• 2 LDO controllers for VON and VOFF
- 2% output regulation
- VON-slice circuit
• High speed amplifiers
- 150mA short-circuit output current
- 12V/µs slew rate
- 12MHz -3dB bandwidth
- Rail-to-rail inputs and outputs
• Built-in power sequencing
• Internal soft-start
• Multiple overload protection
• Thermal shutdown
• 32 Ld 7x7 TQFP package
• Pb-free (RoHS compliant)
PACKAGE
(Pb-Free)
PKG.
DWG. #
ISL78020ANZ*
ISL78020 ANZ 32 Ld 7x7 TQFP Q32.7x7
ISL78022ANZ*
ISL78022 ANZ 32 Ld 7x7 TQFP Q32.7x7
Applications
• All automotive TFT-LCD panels
*Add “-T” suffix for tape and reel. Please refer to TB347 for details
on reel specifications.
NOTE: These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ
special Pb-free material sets; molding compounds/die attach
materials and 100% matte tin plate PLUS ANNEAL - e3 termination
finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and
Pb-free soldering operations. Intersil Pb-free products are MSL
classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed
the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
1
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Copyright Intersil Americas LLC 2007, 2013. All Rights Reserved
Intersil (and design) is a trademark owned by Intersil Corporation or one of its subsidiaries.
All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
ISL78020, ISL78022
Pinouts
25 FBP
26 DRVP
27 FBN
28 DRVN
29 DEL
31 DRN
32 COM
25 FBP
26 DRVP
27 FBN
28 DRVN
29 DEL
30 CTL
31 DRN
32 COM
30 CTL
ISL78022
(32 LD TQFP)
TOP VIEW
ISL78020
(32 LD TQFP)
TOP VIEW
SRC 1
24 COMP
SRC 1
24 COMP
REF 2
23 FB
REF 2
23 FB
OUT1 5
20 NC
OUT1 5
20 OUT5
NEG1 6
19 NC
NEG1 6
19 NEG5
POS1 7
18 IC
POS1 7
18 POS5
17 NC
OUT2 8
17 OUT4
NC 16
NC 15
SUP 14
NC 13
NC 12
BGND 11
IC 10
NC 9
NC 8
NEG4 16
21 LX
POS4 15
PGND 4
SUP 14
21 LX
OUT3 13
PGND 4
POS3 12
22 IN
BGND 11
AGND 3
POS2 10
22 IN
NEG2 9
AGND 3
NC = NOT INTERNALLY CONNECTED
IC = INTERNALLY CONNECTED
2
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
Absolute Maximum Ratings (TA = +25°C)
Thermal Information
IN, CTL to AGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to +6.5V
COMP, FB, FBP, FBN, DEL, REF to AGND. . . . -0.3V to VIN + 0.3V
PGND, BGND to AGND. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±0.3V
LX to PGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to +24V
SUP to AGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to +18V
DRVP, SRC to AGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to +36V
POS1, NEG1, OUT1, POS2, NEG2, OUT2, POS3, OUT3,
POS4, NEG4, OUT4, POS5, OUT5 to AGND . -0.3V to VSUP + 0.3V
DRVN to AGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .VIN -20V to VIN + 0.3V
COM, DRN to AGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to VSRC +0.3V
LX Maximum Continuous RMS Output Current. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6A
OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4, OUT5
Maximum Continuous Output Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±75mA
Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +150°C
Maximum Continuous Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . +125°C
Power Dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Curve
Operating Ambient Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40°C to +105°C
Pb-free reflow profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .see link below
http://www.intersil.com/pbfree/Pb-FreeReflow.asp
CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product reliability and
result in failures not covered by warranty.
IMPORTANT NOTE: All parameters having Min/Max specifications are guaranteed. Typical values are for information purposes only. Unless otherwise noted, all tests
are at the specified temperature and are pulsed tests, therefore: TJ = TC = TA
Electrical Specifications
PARAMETER
VIN = 3V, VBOOST = VSUP = 12V, VSRC = 20V, limits over -40°C to +105°C temperature range, unless
otherwise specified.
DESCRIPTION
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
5.5
V
SUPPLY
VIN
Input Supply Range
VLOR
Undervoltage Lockout Threshold
VIN rising
2.4
2.5
2.6
V
VLOF
Undervoltage Lockout Threshold
VIN falling
2.2
2.3
2.4
V
IS
Quiescent Current
LX not switching
2.5
mA
ISS
Quiescent Current - Switching
LX switching
9.5
15
mA
TFD
Fault Delay Time
CDEL = 100nF
23
VREF
Reference Voltage
TA = +25°C
SHUTDN
2.6
ms
1.19
1.215
1.235
V
1.187
1.215
1.238
V
Thermal Shutdown Temperature
140
°C
MAIN BOOST REGULATOR
VBOOST
Output Voltage Range
FOSC
Oscillator Frequency
1050
1200
DCM
Maximum Duty Cycle
82
85
VFBB
Boost Feedback Voltage
1.192
1.205
1.218
V
1.188
1.205
1.222
V
0.85
0.925
1.020
V
VFTB
FB Fault Trip Level
VIN + 15%
TA = +25°C
Falling edge
18
V
1350
kHz
%
ΔVBOOST/ΔIBOOST Load Regulation
50mA < ILOAD < 250mA
0.1
%
ΔVBOOST/ΔVIN
Line Regulation
VIN = 2.6V to 5.5V
0.08
%/V
IFB
Input Bias Current
VFB = 1.35V
gmV
FB Transconductance
dI = ±2.5µA at COMP, FB = COMP
rONLX
LX ON-Resistance
ILEAKLX
LX Leakage Current
VFB = 1.35V, VLX = 13V
0.02
ILIMLX
LX Current Limit
Duty cycle = 65%
3.0
A
tSSB
Soft-Start Period
CDEL = 100nF
7
ms
3
500
nA
160
µA/V
160
mΩ
40
µA
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
Electrical Specifications
PARAMETER
VIN = 3V, VBOOST = VSUP = 12V, VSRC = 20V, limits over -40°C to +105°C temperature range, unless
otherwise specified. (Continued)
DESCRIPTION
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
18
V
600
800
µA
3
16
mV
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
VSUP
Supply Operating Range
4.5
ISUP
Supply Current per Amplifier
VOS
Offset Voltage
-16
IB
Input Bias Current
-50
+50
nA
CMIR
Common Mode Input Range
0
VSUP
V
CMRR
Common Mode Rejection Ratio
60
AOL
Open Loop Gain
VOH
Output Voltage High
IOUT = 100µA
IOUT = 5mA
VOL
Output Voltage Low
VSUP -17
Short-Circuit Current
ICONT
Continuous Output Current
PSRR
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
BW-3dB
dB
110
dB
VSUP - 2
mV
VSUP - 250 VSUP - 150
IOUT = -100µA
IOUT = -5mA
ISC
90
90
mV
2
30
mV
100
150
mV
150
mA
50
mA
100
dB
-3dB Bandwidth
12
MHz
GBWP
Gain Bandwidth Product
8
MHz
SR
Slew Rate
12
V/µs
60
POSITIVE LDO
VFBP
Positive Feedback Voltage
IDRVP = 100µA, TA = +25°C
1.176
1.2
1.224
V
IDRVP = 100µA
1.176
1.2
1.229
V
0.9
0.98
V
50
nA
VFTP
VFBP Fault Trip Level
VFBP falling
0.82
IBP
Positive LDO Input Bias Current
VFBP = 1.4V
-50
ΔVPOS/ΔIPOS
FBP Load Regulation
VDRVP = 25V, IDRVP = 0µA to 20µA
IDRVP
Sink Current
VFBP = 1.1V, VDRVP = 10V
ILEAKP
DRVP Off Leakage Current
VFBP = 1.4V, VDRVP = 30V
tSSP
Soft-Start Period
CDEL = 100nF
FBN Regulation Voltage
IDRVN = 0.2mA, TA = +25°C
0.173
0.203
0.233
V
IDRVN = 0.2mA
0.171
0.203
0.235
V
430
480
mV
50
nA
2
0.5
%
4
mA
0.1
10
7
µA
ms
NEGATIVE LDO
VFBN
VFTN
VFBN Fault Trip Level
VFBN rising
380
IBN
Negative LDO Input Bias Current
VFBN = 250mV
-50
FBN Load Regulation
VDRVN = -6V, IDRVN = 2µA to 20µA
IDRVN
Source Current
VFBN = 500mV, VDRVN = -6V
ILEAKN
DRVN Off Leakage Current
VFBP = 1.35V, VDRVP = 30V
tSSN
Soft-start Period
CDEL = 100nF
2
0.5
%
4
mA
0.1
10
7
µA
ms
VON -SLICE CIRCUIT
VLO
CTL Input Low Voltage
VIN = 2.6V to 5.5V
VHI
CTL Input High Voltage
VIN = 2.6V to 5.5V
4
0.4VIN
0.6VIN
V
V
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
Electrical Specifications
PARAMETER
VIN = 3V, VBOOST = VSUP = 12V, VSRC = 20V, limits over -40°C to +105°C temperature range, unless
otherwise specified. (Continued)
DESCRIPTION
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
-1
MAX
UNIT
1
µA
ILEAKCTL
CTL Input Leakage Current
CTL = AGND or IN
tDrise
CTL to OUT Rising Prop Delay
1kΩ from DRN to 8V, VCTL = 0V to 3V
step, no load on OUT, measured from
VCTL = 1.5V to OUT = 20%
100
ns
tDfall
CTL to OUT Falling Prop Delay
1kΩ from DRN to 8V, VCTL = 3V to 0V
step, no load on OUT, measured from
VCTL = 1.5V to OUT = 80%
100
ns
VSRC
SRC Input Voltage Range
ISRC
SRC Input Current
30
V
Start-up sequence not completed
150
250
µA
Start-up sequence completed
150
350
µA
rONSRC
SRC ON-Resistance
Start-up sequence completed
5
12
Ω
rONDRN
DRN ON-Resistance
Start-up sequence completed
30
60
Ω
rONCOM
COM to GND ON-Resistance
Start-up sequence not completed
1000
1800
Ω
tON
Turn-On Delay
CDEL = 100nF (See Figure 22)
10
ms
tDEL1
Delay Between VBOOST and VOFF CDEL = 100nF (See Figure 22)
10
ms
tDEL2
Delay Between VON and VOFF
CDEL = 100nF (See Figure 22)
10
ms
tDEL3
Delay From VON to VON-slice
Enabled
CDEL = 100nF (See Figure 22)
10
ms
350
SEQUENCING
5
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
Pin Descriptions
PIN NAME
ISL78022
ISL78020
SRC
1
1
Upper reference voltage for switch output
REF
2
2
Internal reference bypass terminal
AGND
3
3
Analog ground for boost converter and control circuitry
PGND
4
4
Power ground for boost switch
OUT1
5
5
Operational amplifier 1 output
NEG1
6
6
Operational amplifier 1 inverting input
POS1
7
7
Operational amplifier 1 non-inverting input
OUT2
8
-
Operational amplifier 2 output
NEG2
9
-
Operational amplifier 2 inverting input
POS2
10
-
Operational amplifier 2 non-inverting input
BGND
11
11
POS3
12
-
Operational amplifier 3 non-inverting input
NEG3
-
-
Operational amplifier 3 inverting input
OUT3
13
-
Operational amplifier 3 output
SUP
14
14
POS4
15
-
Operational amplifier 4 non-inverting input
NEG4
16
-
Operational amplifier 4 inverting input
OUT4
17
-
Operational amplifier 4 output
POS5
18
-
Operational amplifier 5 non-inverting input
NEG5
19
-
Operational amplifier 5 inverting input
OUT5
20
-
Operational amplifier 5 output
LX
21
21
Main boost regulator switch connection
IN
22
22
Main supply input; bypass to AGND with 1µF capacitor
FB
23
23
Main boost feedback voltage connection
COMP
24
24
Error amplifier compensation pin
FBP
25
25
Positive LDO feedback connection
DRVP
26
26
Positive LDO transistor drive
FBN
27
27
Negative LDO feedback connection
DRVN
28
28
Negative LDO transistor driver
DEL
29
29
Connection for switch delay timing capacitor
CTL
30
30
Input control for switch output
DRN
31
31
Lower reference voltage for switch output
COM
32
32
Switch output; when CTL = 1, COM is connected to SRC through a 15Ω resistor;
when CTL = 0, COM is connected to DRN through a 30Ω resistor
6
PIN FUNCTION
Operational amplifier ground
Amplifier positive supply rail. Bypass to BGND with 0.1µF capacitor
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
Typical Performance Curves TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.
100
94
90
92
VIN = 5V
70
EFFICIENCY (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
80
VIN = 3V
60
50
40
30
20
90
88
86
84
82
80
10
0
0
200
400
600
800
1000
78
0
1200
200
FIGURE 1. BOOST EFFICIENCY AT VOUT = 12V (PI-MODE)
600
800
1000
1200
FIGURE 2. BOOST EFFICIENCY AT VOUT = 12V (P-MODE)
0
0
VIN = 3V
-0.1
LOAD REGULATION (%)
LOAD REGULATION (%)
400
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
VIN = 5V
-0.5
-0.6
0
200
400
600
800
1000
-2
VIN = 5.0V
-4
-6
VIN = 3.3V
-8
-10
-12
-14
1200
0
200
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
400
600
800
1000
1200
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
FIGURE 3. BOOST LOAD REGULATION vs LOAD CURRENT
(PI-MODE)
FIGURE 4. BOOST LOAD REGULATION vs LOAD CURRENT
(P-MODE)
0.12
3.5
0.10
3.0
LINE REGULATION (%)
LINE REGULATION (%)
VIN = 5V
VIN = 3V
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
0
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
FIGURE 5. BOOST LINE REGULATION vs INPUT VOLTAGE
(PI-MODE)
7
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
FIGURE 6. BOOST LINE REGULATION vs INPUT VOLTAGE
(P-MODE)
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
Typical Performance Curves TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified. (Continued)
BOOST OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
(AC COUPLING)
BOOST OUTPUT
CURRENT
VBOOST = 12V
COUT = 30µF
LOAD REGULATION (%)
0
VON = 20V
-0.05
-0.10
-0.15
-0.20
-0.25
5
10
15
20
25
30
VON LOAD CURRENT (mA)
FIGURE 7. BOOST PULSE LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE
FIGURE 8. VON LOAD REGULATION
0
-0.02
-0.04
-0.06
-0.08
VON = 20V
ILOAD = 20mA
-0.10
-0.12
20
21
22
23
24
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
25
26
LOAD REGULATION (%)
LINE REGULATION (%)
0
VOFF = -8V
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
-0.5
-0.6
-0.7
-0.8
-0.9
5
10
15
20
FIGURE 9. VON LINE REGULATION
30
FIGURE 10. VOFF LOAD REGULATION
0
LINE REGULATION (%)
25
LOAD CURRENT (mA)
VCDEL
-0.1
VBOOST
-0.2
-0.3
VOFF
-0.4
-0.5
-0.6
-15
VON
VOFF = -8V
ILOAD = 50mA
-14
-13
-12
-11
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
FIGURE 11. VOFF LINE REGULATION
8
-10
TIME (20ms/DIV)
FIGURE 12. START-UP SEQUENCE
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
Typical Performance Curves TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified. (Continued)
INPUT VOLTAGE
VBOOST
INPUT
VOFF
OUTPUT
VON
TIME (50µs/DIV)
TIME (20ms/DIV)
FIGURE 13. START-UP SEQUENCE
FIGURE 14. OP AMP RAIL-TO-RAIL INPUT/OUTPUT
JEDEC JESD51-7 HIGH EFFECTIVE
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY TEST BOARD TQFP SOLDERED TO PCB PER JESD51-5
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
1.8
1.5
TQFP32
1.613W
θJA = +62°C/W
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
FIGURE 15. PACKAGE POWER DISSIPATION vs AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
Applications Information
The ISL78020 and ISL78022 provide a highly integrated
multiple output power solution for TFT-LCD applications.
The system consists of one high efficiency boost converter
and two low cost linear-regulator controllers (VON and
VOFF) with multiple protection functions. The block diagram
of the whole part is shown in Figure 16. Table 1 lists the
recommended components.
The ISL78020 and ISL78022 integrate an N-Channel
MOSFET in boost converter to minimize the external
component counts and cost. The VON, VOFF
linear-regulators are independently regulated by using
external resistors. To achieve higher voltage than VBOOST,
one or multiple stage charge pumps may be used.
9
TABLE 1. RECOMMENDED TYPICAL APPLICATION
DIAGRAM COMPONENTS
DESIGNATION
C1, C2, C3
D1
DESCRIPTION
10µF, 16V X5R ceramic capacitor (1210)
TDK C3216X5R0J106K
1A, 20V low leakage Schottky rectifier
(CASE 457-04)
ON SEMI MBRM120ET3
D11, D12, D21 200mA, 30V Schottky barrier diode (SOT-23)
Fairchild BAT54S
L1
6.8µH, 1.3A Inductor
TDK SLF6025T-6R8M1R3-PF
Q11
200mA, 40V PNP amplifier (SOT-23)
Fairchild MMBT3906
Q21
200mA, 40V NPN amplifier (SOT-23)
Fairchild MMBT3904
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
VREF
REFERENCE
GENERATOR
OSCILLATOR
COMP
SLOPE
COMPENSATION
OSC
LX
PWM
LOGIC
CONTROLLER
Σ
BUFFER
VOLTAGE
AMPLIFIER
FBB
GM
AMPLIFIER
CINT
PGND
CURRENT
AMPLIFIER
UVLO
COMPARATOR
CURRENT REF
CURRENT
LIMIT COMPARATOR
SHUTDOWN
AND START-UP
CONTROL
VREF
SS
+
DRVP
BUFFER
THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
FBP
UVLO
COMPARATOR
SS
+
DRVN
0.2V
BUFFER
FBN
0.4V
UVLO
COMPARATOR
FIGURE 16. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Boost Converter
The main boost converter is a current mode PWM converter
operating at a fixed frequency. The 1.2MHz switching
frequency enables the use of low profile inductor and
multilayer ceramic capacitors, which results in a compact,
low cost power system for LCD panel design.
The boost converter can operate in continuous or
discontinuous inductor current mode. The ISL78020 and
ISL78022 are designed for continuous current mode, but
they can also operate in discontinuous current mode at light
load. In continuous current mode, current flows continuously
in the inductor during the entire switching cycle in steady
state operation. The voltage conversion ratio in continuous
current mode is given by Equation 1:
V BOOST
1
------------------------ = ------------1–D
V IN
(EQ. 1)
Figure 17 shows the block diagram of the boost controller.
It uses a summing amplifier architecture consisting of GM
stages for voltage feedback, current feedback and slope
compensation. A comparator looks at the peak inductor
current cycle by cycle and terminates the PWM cycle if the
current limit is reached.
An external resistor divider is required to divide the output
voltage down to the nominal reference voltage. Current
drawn by the resistor network should be limited to maintain
the overall converter efficiency. The maximum value of the
resistor network is limited by the feedback input bias current
and the potential for noise being coupled into the feedback
pin. A resistor network in the order of 60kΩ is recommended.
The boost converter output voltage is determined by
Equation 2:
R1 + R2
V BOOST = --------------------- × V REF
R1
(EQ. 2)
Where D is the duty cycle of switching MOSFET.
10
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
The current through MOSFET is limited to 3A peak. This
restricts the maximum output current based on Equation 3:
ΔI L
V IN
I OMAX = ⎛ I LMT – --------⎞ × --------⎝
2 ⎠ VO
(EQ. 3)
Where ΔIL is peak to peak inductor ripple current, and is set
by Equation 4:
V IN D
ΔI L = --------- × ----L
fS
(EQ. 4)
where fS is the switching frequency.
SHUTDOWN
AND START-UP
CONTROL
CLOCK
SLOPE
COMPENSATION
IFB
CURRENT
AMPLIFIER
PWM
IREF
LX
LOGIC
BUFFER
IFB
FBB
GM
AMPLIFIER
IREF
VOLTAGE
AMPLIFIER
REFERENCE
GENERATOR
COMP
PGND
FIGURE 17. THE BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE BOOST CONTROLLER
11
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
Table 2 gives typical values (margins are considered 10%,
3%, 20%, 10% and 15% on VIN, VO, L, fS and ILMT:
TABLE 2. TYPICAL VIN, VO, L, fS, AND IOMAX VALUES
VIN
(V)
VO
(V)
L
(µH)
fS
(MHz)
IOMAX
(mA)
3.3
9
6.8
1.2
898
3.3
12
6.8
1.2
622
3.3
15
6.8
1.2
458
5
9
6.8
1.2
1360
5
12
6.8
1.2
944
5
15
6.8
1.2
694
Input Capacitor
The input capacitor is used to supply the current to the
converter. It is recommended that CIN be larger than 10µF.
The reflected ripple voltage will be smaller with larger CIN.
The voltage rating of input capacitor should be larger than
maximum input voltage.
Boost Inductor
The boost inductor is a critical part, which influences the
output voltage ripple, transient response, and efficiency.
Value of 3.3µH to 10µH inductor is recommended in
applications to fit the internal slope compensation. The
inductor must be able to handle the following average and
peak current shown in Equations 5 and 6:
ΔI L
I LPK = I LAVG + -------2
(EQ. 5)
IO
I LAVG = ------------1–D
(EQ. 6)
Rectifier Diode
A high-speed diode is desired due to the high switching
frequency. Schottky diodes are recommended because of
their fast recovery time and low forward voltage. The rectifier
diode must meet the output current and peak inductor
current requirements.
For low ESR ceramic capacitors, the output ripple is
dominated by the charging and discharging of the output
capacitor. The voltage rating of the output capacitor should
be greater than the maximum output voltage.
NOTE: Capacitors have a voltage coefficient that makes their
effective capacitance drop as the voltage across them increases.
COUT in Equation 7 assumes the effective value of the capacitor at a
particular voltage and not the manufacturer’s stated value, measured
at 0V.
Compensation
The ISL78020 and ISL78022 can operate in either P-Mode
or PI-Mode. P-mode may be preferred in applications where
excellent transient load performance is required but
regulation is not critical. Connecting COMP pin directly to
VIN will enable P-Mode; for better load regulation, use
PI-Mode with a 2.2nF capacitor and a 180Ω resistor in series
between COMP pin and ground. To improve the transient
response, either the resistor value can be increased or the
capacitor value can be reduced, but too high resistor value
or too low capacitor value will reduce loop stability. Figures 3
through 6 show a comparison of P-Mode vs PI-Mode
performance.
Boost Feedback Resistors
As the boost output voltage, VBOOST, is reduced below 12V
the effective voltage feedback in the IC increases the ratio of
voltage to current feedback at the summing comparator
because R2 decreases relative to R1. To maintain stable
operation over the complete current range of the IC, the
voltage feedback to the FBB pin should be reduced
proportionally, as VBOOST is reduced, by means of a series
resistor-capacitor network (R7 and C7) in parallel with R1,
with a pole frequency (fp) set to approximately 10kHz for C2
(effective) = 10µF and 4kHz for C2 (effective) = 30µF.
1
1 -1
R 7 = ⎛ ⎛ ----------------------⎞ – -------⎞
⎝ ⎝ 0.1 × R ⎠ R ⎠
2
1
(EQ. 8)
1
C 7 = -------------------------------------------------2 × 3.142 × fp × R 7
(EQ. 9)
Linear-Regulator Controllers (VON and VOFF)
Output Capacitor
The output capacitor supplies the load directly and reduces
the ripple voltage at the output. Output ripple voltage
consists of two components: the voltage drop due to the
inductor ripple current flowing through the ESR of output
capacitor, and the charging and discharging of the output
capacitor.
IO
V O – V IN
1
V RIPPLE = I LPK × ESR + ------------------------ × ---------------- × ----f
C
V
O
12
OUT
The ISL78020 and ISL78022 include 2 independent
linear-regulator controllers, in which there is one positive
output voltage (VON), and one negative voltage (VOFF). The
VON and VOFF linear-regulator controller function diagram,
application circuit and waveforms are shown in Figures 18
and 19 respectively.
(EQ. 7)
S
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
VBOOST
LX
0.1µF
LDO_ON
0.9V
PG_LDOP
+
-
CP (TO 36V)
36V
ESD
CLAMP
RBP
700Ω
0.1µF
VON (TO 35V)
DRVP
FBP
RP1
CON
RP2
20kΩ
+
GMP
The VOFF power supply is used to power the negative
supply of the row driver in the LCD panel. The DC/DC
consists of an external diode-capacitor charge pump
powered from the inductor (LX) of the boost converter,
followed by a low dropout linear regulator (LDO_OFF). The
LDO_OFF regulator uses an external NPN transistor as the
pass element. The on-board LDO controller is a wide band
(>10MHz) transconductance amplifier capable of 5mA
output current, which is sufficient for up to 50mA or more
output current under the low dropout condition (forced beta
of 10). Typical VOFF voltage supported by ISL78020 and
ISL78022 ranges from -5V to -25V. A fault comparator is also
included for monitoring the output voltage. The undervoltage
threshold is set at 200mV above the 0.2V reference level.
Set-up Output Voltage
1: Np
FIGURE 18. VON FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
LX
0.1µF
Refer to “Typical Application Circuit” on page 18, the output
voltages of VON, VOFF and VLOGIC are determined by
Equations 10 and 11:
R 12⎞
⎛
V ON = V REF × ⎜ 1 + ----------⎟
R 11⎠
⎝
(EQ. 10)
R 22
V OFF = V REFN + ---------- × ( V REFN – V REF )
R
(EQ. 11)
21
CP (TO -26V)
LDO_OFF
PG_LDON
VREF
+
0.1µF
RN2
20kΩ
0.4V
FBN
1: Nn
RN1
VOFF (TO -20V)
+
GMN
DRVN
36V
ESD
CLAMP
RBN
700Ω
COFF
Where: VREF = 1.2V, VREFN = 0.2V.
High Charge Pump Output Voltage (>36V)
Applications
In the applications where the charge pump output voltage is
over 36V, an external NPN transistor needs to be inserted in
between the DRVP pin and the base of pass transistor Q3 as
shown in Figure 20, or the linear regulator can control only
one stage charge pump and regulate the final charge pump
output, as shown in Figure 21.
VIN
CHARGE PUMP
OR VBOOST OUTPUT
700Ω
FIGURE 19. VOFF FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
The VON power supply is used to power the positive supply
of the row driver in the LCD panel. The DC/DC consists of an
external diode-capacitor charge pump powered from the
inductor (LX) of the boost converter, followed by a low
dropout linear regulator (LDO_ON). The LDO_ON regulator
uses an external PNP transistor as the pass element. The
on-board LDO controller is a wide band (>10MHz)
transconductance amplifier capable of 5mA output current,
which is sufficient for up to 50mA or more output current
under the low dropout condition (forced beta of 10). Typical
VON voltage supported by ISL78020 and ISL78022 ranges
from +15V to +36V. A fault comparator is also included for
monitoring the output voltage. The undervoltage threshold is
set at 25% below the 1.2V reference.
13
DRVP
Q11
NPN
CASCODE
TRANSISTOR
VON
ISL7802x
FBP
FIGURE 20. CASCODE NPN TRANSISTOR CONFIGURATION
FOR HIGH CHARGE PUMP OUTPUT VOLTAGE
(>36V)
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
LX
0.1µF
VBOOST
0.1µF
700Ω
0.1µF
DRVP
0.1µF
Q11
VON
0.47µF
0.1µF
(>36V)
ISL78022
0.22µF
FBP
FIGURE 21. THE LINEAR REGULATOR CONTROLS ONE STAGE OF CHARGE PUMP
Calculation of the Linear Regulator Base-emitter
Resistors (RBP and RBN)
For the pass transistor of the linear regulator, low frequency
gain (Hfe) and unity gain frequency (fT) are usually specified
in the datasheet. The pass transistor adds a pole to the loop
transfer function at fp = fT/Hfe. Therefore, in order to
maintain phase margin at low frequency, the best choice for
a pass device is often a high frequency, low gain switching
transistor. Further improvement can be obtained by adding a
base-emitter resistor RBE (RBP, RBL, RBN in the “Functional
Block Diagram” on page 13), which increases the pole
frequency to: fp = fT*(1+ Hfe *re/RBE)/Hfe, where
re = KT/qIc. Thus, choose the lowest value RBE in the
design as long as there is still enough base current (IB) to
support the maximum output current (IC).
Charge Pump
To generate an output voltage higher than VBOOST, single or
multiple stages of charge pumps are needed. The number of
stages is determined by the input and output voltage for
positive charge pump stages in Equation 14:
V OUT + V CE – V INPUT
N POSITIVE ≥ -------------------------------------------------------------V INPUT – 2 × V F
where VCE is the dropout voltage of the pass component of
the linear regulator. It ranges from 0.3V to 1V depending on
the transistor selected. VF is the forward-voltage of the
charge-pump rectifier diode.
The number of negative charge-pump stages is given by
Equation 15:
We will take as an example the VON linear regulator. If a
Fairchild MMBT3906 PNP transistor is used as the external
pass transistor (Q11 in the “Typical Application Circuit” on
page 18) then for a maximum VON operating requirement of
50mA the data sheet indicates Hfe_min = 60. The base-emitter
saturation voltage is: Vbe_max = 0.7V.
V OUTPUT + V CE
N NEGATIVE ≥ ------------------------------------------------V INPUT – 2 × V F
For the ISL78020 and ISL78022, the minimum drive current
is shown in Equation 12:
Charge Pump Output Capacitors
(EQ. 12)
I DRVP ( MIN ) = 2mA
The minimum base-emitter resistor, RBP, can now be
calculated as:
( RBP MIN = VBE MAX )
0.7V
------------------------------------------------------------ = ------------------------------------ = 600Ω
2mA – 50mA
I DRVP ( MIN ) – Ic
----------------------------------------------------------------------------60
Hfe MIN
(EQ. 13)
This is the minimum value that can be used; (choose a
convenient value greater than this minimum value, i.e.: 700Ω).
Larger values may be used to reduce quiescent current,
however, regulation may be adversely affected by supply noise
if RBP is made too high in value.
14
(EQ. 14)
(EQ. 15)
To achieve high efficiency and low material cost, the lowest
number of charge-pump stages, which can meet the above
requirements, is always preferred.
A ceramic capacitor with low ESR is recommended. With
ceramic capacitors, the output ripple voltage is dominated by
the capacitance value. The capacitance value can be
chosen by Equation 16:
I OUT
C OUT ≥ -----------------------------------------------------2 × V RIPPLE × f OSC
(EQ. 16)
where fOSC is the switching frequency.
Discontinuous/Continuous Boost Operation and
its Effect on the Charge Pumps
The ISL78020 and ISL78022 VON and VOFF architecture
uses LX switching edges to drive diode charge pumps from
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
which LDO regulators generate the VON and VOFF supplies.
It can be appreciated that should a regular supply of LX
switching edges be interrupted, (for example during
discontinuous operation at light boost load currents), then
this may affect the performance of VON and VOFF regulation
(depending on their exact loading conditions at the time).
To optimize VON/VOFF regulation, the boundary of
discontinuous/continuous operation of the boost converter
can be adjusted, by suitable choice of inductor given VIN,
VOUT, switching frequency and the VBOOST current loading,
to be in continuous operation.
The following equation gives the boundary between
discontinuous and continuous boost operation. For
continuous operation (LX switching every clock cycle) we
require that:
I ( V BOOST_load ) > D • ( 1 – D ) • V IN ⁄ ( 2 • L • f OSC )
(EQ. 17)
where the duty cycle, D = (VBOOST – VIN)/VBOOST
For example, with VIN = 5V, fOSC = 1.2MHz and
VBOOST = 12V we find continuous operation of the boost
converter can be guaranteed for:
L = 10µH and I(VBOOST) > 51mA
L = 6.8µH and I(VBOOST) > 74mA
L = 3.3µH and I(VBOOST) > 153mA
Start-up Sequence
Figure 22 shows a detailed start-up sequence waveform. For
a successful power-up, there should be 6 peaks at VCDEL.
When a fault is detected, the device will latch off until either
EN is toggled or the input supply is recycled.
When the input voltage is higher than 2.4V, an internal
current source starts to charge CCDEL. During the initial slow
ramp, the device checks whether there is a fault condition. If
no fault is found during the initial ramp, CCDEL is discharged
after the first peak. VREF turns on at the peak of the first
ramp.
Initially the boost is not enabled so VBOOST rises to VINVDIODE through the output diode. Hence, there is a step at
VBOOST during this part of the start-up sequence.
VBOOST soft-starts at the beginning of the third ramp, and is
checked at the end of this ramp. The soft-start ramp
depends on the value of the CDEL capacitor. For CDEL of
100nF, the soft-start time is ~7ms.
VOFF turns on at the start of the fourth peak.
VON is enabled at the beginning of the sixth ramp. VOFF and
VON are checked at end of this ramp.
Component Selection for Start-up Sequencing and
Fault Protection
The CREF capacitor is typically set at 220nF and is required
to stabilize the VREF output. The range of CREF is from
15
22nF to 1µF and should not be more than five times the
capacitor on CDEL to ensure correct start-up operation.
The CDEL capacitor is typically 100nF and has a usable
range from 22nF minimum to several microfarads (only
limited by the leakage in the capacitor reaching µA levels).
CDEL should be at least 1/5 of the value of CREF (see
Figure 22). Note that with 100nF on CDEL the fault time-out
will be typically 23ms and the use of a larger/smaller value
will vary this time proportionally (e.g. 1µF will give a fault
time-out period of typically 230ms).
Fault Sequencing
The ISL78020 and ISL78022 have an advanced fault
detection system, which protects the IC from both adjacent
pin shorts during operation and shorts on the output
supplies. A high quality layout/design of the PCB, in respect
of grounding quality and decoupling is necessary to avoid
falsely triggering the fault detection scheme (especially
during start-up). The user is directed to the layout guidelines
and component selection sections to avoid problems during
initial evaluation and prototype PCB generation.
VON -Slice Circuit
The VON-slice Circuit functions as a three way multiplexer,
switching the voltage on COM between ground, DRN and
SRC, under control of the start-up sequence and the CTL pin.
During the start-up sequence, COM is held at ground via an
NDMOS FET, with ~1k impedance. Once the start-up
sequence has completed, CTL is enabled and acts as a
multiplexer control such that if CTL is low, COM connects to
DRN through a 5Ω internal MOSFET, and if CTL is high,
COM connects to SRC via a 30Ω MOSFET.
The slew rate of start-up of the switch control circuit is mainly
restricted by the load capacitance at COM pin as in
Equation 18:
Vg
ΔV
-------- = ----------------------------------( R i || R L ) • C L
Δt
(EQ. 18)
Where Vg is the supply voltage applied to the switch control
circuit, Ri is the resistance between COM and DRN or SRC
including the internal MOSFET rDS(ON), the trace resistance
and the resistor inserted, RL is the load resistance of the
switch control circuit, and CL is the load capacitance of the
switch control circuit.
In the “Typical Application Circuit” on page 18, R8, R9 and
C8 give the bias to DRN based on Equation 19:
V ON • R 9 + A VDD • R 8
V DRN = ------------------------------------------------------------R8 + R9
(EQ. 19)
Where: R10 can be adjusted to adjust the slew rate.
Op Amps
The ISL78020 and ISL78022 have 1 and 5 amplifiers
respectively. The op amps are typically used to drive the
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
Short Circuit Current Limit
CHIP DISABLED
FAULT DETECTED
VOFF ON
VON SOFT-START
The ISL78020 and ISL78022 will limit the short circuit
current to ±180mA if the output is directly shorted to the
positive or the negative supply. If an output is shorted for a
long time, the junction temperature will trigger the
Over-Temperature Protection limit and hence the part will
shut down.
VBOOST
SOFT-START
VREF ON
TFT-LCD backplane (VCOM) or the gamma-correction
divider string. They feature rail-to-rail input and output
capability, they are unity gain stable, and have low power
consumption (typical 600µA per amplifier). The ISL78020
and ISL78022 have a -3dB bandwidth of 12MHz while
maintaining a 10V/µs slew rate.
VCDEL
IN
VREF
VBOOST
tON
tDEL1
VOFF
tDEL2
VON
VON SLICE CIRCUIT
tDEL3
START-UP SEQUENCE
TIMED BY CDEL
NOTE: Not to scale
NORMAL
OPERATION
FAULT
PRESENT
FIGURE 22. START-UP SEQUENCE
16
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
Driving Capacitive Loads
ISL78020 and ISL78022 can drive a wide range of capacitive
loads. As load capacitance increases, however, the –3dB
bandwidth of the device will decrease and the peaking will
increase. The amplifiers drive 10pF loads in parallel with
10kΩ with just 1.5dB of peaking, and 100pF with 6.4dB of
peaking. If less peaking is desired in these applications, a
small series resistor (usually between 5Ω and 50Ω) can be
placed in series with the output. However, this will obviously
reduce the gain. Another method of reducing peaking is to
add a “snubber” circuit at the output. A snubber is a shunt
load consisting of a resistor in series with a capacitor. Values
of 150Ω and 10nF are typical. The advantage of a snubber is
that it does not draw any DC load current and reduce the
gain.
Over-Temperature Protection
An internal temperature sensor continuously monitors the
die temperature. In the event that the die temperature
exceeds the thermal trip point, the device will be latched off
until either the input supply voltage or enable is cycled.
Layout Recommendation
The device’s performance including efficiency, output noise,
transient response and control loop stability is dramatically
affected by the PCB layout. PCB layout is critical, especially
at high switching frequency.
There are some general guidelines for layout:
1. Place the external power components (the input
capacitors, output capacitors, boost inductor and output
diodes, etc.) in close proximity to the device. Traces to
these components should be kept as short and wide as
possible to minimize parasitic inductance and resistance.
2. Place VREF and VDD bypass capacitors close to the pins.
3. Reduce the loop with large AC amplitudes and fast slew
rate.
4. The feedback network should sense the output voltage
directly from the point of load, and be as far away from LX
node as possible.
5. The power ground (PGND) and signal ground (SGND)
pins should be connected at only one point.
6. The exposed die plate, on the underneath of the
package, should be soldered to an equivalent area of
metal on the PCB. This contact area should have multiple
via connections to the back of the PCB as well as
connections to intermediate PCB layers, if available, to
maximize thermal dissipation away from the IC.
7. To minimize the thermal resistance of the package when
soldered to a multi-layer PCB, the amount of copper track
and ground plane area connected to the exposed die
plate should be maximized and spread out as far as
possible from the IC. The bottom and top PCB areas
especially should be maximized to allow thermal
dissipation to the surrounding air.
8. A signal ground plane, separate from the power ground
plane and connected to the power ground pins only at the
exposed die plate, should be used for ground return
connections for feedback resistor networks (R1, R11,
R41) and the VREF capacitor, C22, the CDELAY capacitor
C7 and the integrator capacitor C23.
9. Minimize feedback input track lengths to avoid switching
noise pick-up.
A demo board is available to illustrate the proper layout
implementation.
17
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
Typical Application Circuit
D11
0.1µF
VCP
D21
VCN
D12
0.1µF
VIN
(2.6V TO 5.5V)
AVDD
(9V)
D1
L1 6.8µH
10Ω
10µF
C1
0.1µF
0.1µF
10µFx2
LX
C2-C3
IN
FB
470nF
R2
64.9kΩ
R1
10.2kΩ
PGND
BOOST
R7 OPEN
C7 OPEN
180Ω COMP
2.2nF
700Ω
GND
VCN
0.1µF
VNEG
(-8V)
DRVN
Q21
R22
82kΩ
NEG
REG
DRVP
POS
REG
FBN
FBP
VCP
700Ω
Q11
R12
182kΩ
R11
9.76kΩ
VON
(24.5V)
470nF
10kΩ
470nF R21
0.1µF
REF
REF
0.1µF
CONTROL
INPUT
SRC
CTL
COM
SW
CTL
DEL
100nF
DRN
TO GATE
DRIVER IC
R10
1kΩ
R8
68kΩ
R9
1kΩ
AVDD
C8
0.1µF
+
OUT3
OP3
VCOM
POS3
VCOM SET
VMAIN
AVDD
NEG4
NEG5
VGAMMA FB3
VGAMMA FB4
OUT4
VGAMMA4
POS4
OP4
+
+
OUT5
OP5
VGAMMA3
POS5
VGAMMA SET3
VGAMMA SET4
NEG2
NEG1
VGAMMA FB1
VGAMMA FB2
OUT2
VGAMMA2
POS2
OP2
+
+
VGAMMA SET2
OUT1
OP1
VGAMMA1
POS1
VGAMMA SET1
AGND
18
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013
ISL78020, ISL78022
Thin Plastic Quad Flatpack Packages (TQFP)
Q32.7x7 (JEDEC MS-026ABA ISSUE B)
32 LEAD THIN PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK PACKAGE
D
INCHES
D1
SYMBOL
-D-
-B-
-A-
E E1
e
PIN 1
SEATING
A PLANE
-H-
MIN
MAX
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
NOTES
A
-
0.047
-
1.20
-
A1
0.002
0.005
0.05
0.15
-
A2
0.038
0.041
0.95
1.05
-
b
0.012
0.018
0.30
0.45
6
b1
0.012
0.016
0.30
0.40
-
D
0.350
0.358
8.90
9.10
3
D1
0.272
0.280
6.90
7.10
4, 5
E
0.350
0.358
8.90
9.10
3
E1
0.272
0.280
6.90
7.10
4, 5
L
0.018
0.029
0.45
0.75
-
N
32
32
7
e
0.031 BSC
0.80 BSC
Rev. 0 10/06
NOTES:
0.08
0.003
-C-
1. Controlling dimension: MILLIMETER. Converted inch
dimensions are not necessarily exact.
2. All dimensions and tolerances per ANSI Y14.5M-1982.
0.08
0.003 M
D S
C A-B S
b
11o-13o
0.020
0.008 MIN
b1
0o MIN
A2 A1
GAGE
PLANE
0o-7o
11o-13o
4. Dimensions D1 and E1 to be determined at datum plane -H- .
5. Dimensions D1 and E1 do not include mold protrusion. Allowable
protrusion is 0.25mm (0.010 inch) per side.
6. Dimension b does not include dambar protrusion. Allowable dambar protrusion shall not cause the lead width to exceed the maximum b dimension by more than 0.08mm (0.003 inch).
0.09/0.16
0.004/0.006
BASE METAL
WITH PLATING
L
0.25
0.010
3. Dimensions D and E to be determined at seating plane -C- .
7. “N” is the number of terminal positions.
0.09/0.20
0.004/0.008
For additional products, see www.intersil.com/en/products.html
Intersil Automotive Qualified products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing TS16949 quality systems as noted
in the quality certifications found at www.intersil.com/en/support/qualandreliability.html
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time
without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be
accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third
parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com
19
FN6386.3
December 23, 2013