Datasheet

GATED MICROCHANNEL PLATE
PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES (MCP-PMT)
R5916U-50 SERIES
FEATURES
●High Speed Gating by Low Supply Voltage (+10 V)
Gate Rise Time
: 1 ns A
Gate Width
: 3 ns
●Fast Rise Time
: 180 ps
Narrow T.T.S. B
: 90 ps
●High Switching Ratio: 108 at 500 nm
●Low Switching Noise
●Low Dark Noise
●Variety of Photocathode Available
APPLICATIONS
●Environmental monitoring
●Satellite laser ranging
●Time resolve fluorescence decay analysis
Figure 1: Typical Anode Output Waveform
Figure 3: Typical Gate Bias Characteristics (R5916U-50)
TPMHB0244EA
TPMHB0245EB
101
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (20 mV/div)
100
RELATIVE ANODE OUTPUT
10-1
SUPPLY VOLTAGE: -3000 V
RISE TIME
: 180 ps
FALL TIME
: 700 ps
PULSE WIDTH : 350 ps
10-2
10-3
254 nm
10-4
300 nm
10-5
400 nm
10-6
10-7
TIME (0.2 ns/div)
10-8
Figure 2: Block Diagram of Anode Output Waveform
Measuring Apparatus
TRIGGER OUT
TRIGGER IN
TRIGGER
OUT
PULSE
GENERATOR
HAMAMATSU
MODEL#PLP-01
WAVELENGTH: 410 nm
PULSE WIDTH
(FWHM)
: 35 ps
TRIGGER IN
15
10
5
0
-5
-10
INPUT GATE BIAS VOLTAGE (V)
GATE PULSE
These are the anode output ratios measured at the forward and reverse bias voltages with respect to the photocathode.
ND FILTER
PICOSECOND
LIGHT
PULSER
500 nm
10-9
20
R5916U-50
HAMAMATSU C9727
HIGH VOLTAGE
POWER SUPPLY
OSCILLOSCOPE
50 Ω LOAD
COMPUTER
TPMHC0094ED
Subject to local technical requirements and regulations, availability of products included in this promotional material may vary. Please consult with our sales office.
Information furnished by HAMAMATSU is believed to be reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. Specifications are
subject to change without notice. No patent rights are granted to any of the circuits described herein. ©2015 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.
GATED MICROCHANNEL PLATE
PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES (MCP-PMT) R5916U-50 SERIES
SPECIFICATIONS
PHOTOCATHODE SELECTION GUIDE
Suffix Number
50
51
52
53
Spectral Response (nm)
Range
Peak Wavelength
160 to 850
430
160 to 910
600
160 to 650
400
160 to 320
230 to 250
Photocathode Material
Multialkali
Extended Red Multialkali
Bialkali
Cs-Te
Photocathode
Window Material
Synthetic Silica
Synthetic Silica
Synthetic Silica
Synthetic Silica
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
Parameter
Effective Photocathode Diameter
MCP Channel Diameter
Dynode Structure C
Capacitance between Mesh Electrode and Photocathode
Weight
Operating Ambient Temperature
Storage Temperature
Description / Value
10
6
2-stage Filmed MCP
14.7
143
-50 to +50
-50 to +50
Unit
mm
µm
—
pF
g
°C
°C
Value
-3400
100
350
110
Unit
V
nA
mA
µA
MAXIMUM RATINGS (Absolute Maximum Values)
Parameter
Supply Voltage
Average Anode Current
Pulse Peak Current D
Voltage Divider Current
ELECTRICAL CHATACTERISTICS (R5916U-50) at +25 °C E
Parameter
Luminous F
Radiant at 430 nm
Cathode Sensitivity
Gain (at -3000 V)
Anode Dark Counts (at -3000 V) G
Switching Ratio (at 500 nm)
Time Response (at -3000 V)
Rise Time H
Fall Time I
I.R.F. (FWHM) J
Min.
100
—
1 × 105
—
—
—
—
—
Typ.
150
52
3 × 105
10
1.7 × 108
180
700
95 K
Max.
—
—
—
—
—
—
1000
—
Unit
µA/lm
mA/W
—
s-1
—
ps
ps
ps
Min.
10
3
—
—
—
Typ.
—
—
—
1
1
Max.
20
10000
1
3
—
Unit
V
ns
%
ns
ns
GATING CHARACTERISTICS
Parameter
Input Gate Pulse
PMT Response
Voltage
Width
Duty Cycle
Rise Time
Fall Time
NOTES
A This is defined at 10 % to 90 % of full pulse height.
B Transit Time Spread (T.T.S.) is the fluctuation in transit time among individual pulses and specified as an FWHM (full width at half maximum) with the
incident light having a single photoelectron state.
C Two microchannel plates (MCPs) are incorporated as a standard but we can provide it with either one or three MCPs as an option depending upon your request.
D This is specified under the operating conditions that the repetition rate of light input is 100 Hz or less and its pulse width is 70 ps or less.
E This is based on R5916U-50. All other types (suffix number 51, 52 and 53) have different characteristics based on photocathode sensitivity and anode dark
counts.
F The light source used to measure the luminous sensitivity is a tungsten filament lamp operated at a distribution temperature of 2856 K. The incident light
intensity is 10-4 lm and 20 V is applied between photocathode and all other electrodes shorted as an anode.
G This is specified at a duty cycle of 1 %.
H This is the mean time difference between the 10 % and 90 % amplitude points on the output waveform under full photocathode illumination.
I This is the mean time difference between the 90 % and 10 % amplitude points on the tailing edge of the output waveform under full photocathode illumination.
J I.R.F. stands for Instrument Response Function which is a convolution of the δ-function (H(t)) of the measuring apparatus and the exciation function (E(t)) of
a laser. The I.R.F. is given by the following formula: I.R.F. = H(t)∗ E(t)
K We specity the I.R.F. as an FWHM of the time distribution taken by using the measuring apparatus in Figure 7 that is Hamamatsu standard I.R.F. measuring
set-up. It can be estimated by the following equation: (I.R.F. (FWHM))2 = (T.T.S.)2 + (Tw)2 + (Tj)2
where Tw is the pulse width of the laser and Tj is the time jitter of all equipments used in the measurement. An I.R.F. is provided with the tube.
INPUT GATE PULSE
Ph
GATE ON
Ph : +10 V to +20 V
Tw : 3 ns to 10 µs
Tr : 1 ns (10 % to 90 %)
Tf : 1 ns (90 % to 10 %)
Duty
: Cycle: Tw/Tp <
= 0.01
GATE OFF
Tw
Tp
PMT OPERATING MODE
Tw
OFF
ON
Tr
Tf
TACCC0044EA
R5916U-50 will be provided in a "normally off" mode configuration. It will be gated "on" only when the gate input pulse (+10 V to +20 V)
is applied and gated "off" when it is grounded or left in open.
However, we can also provide this device in a "normally on" mode configuration which can be operated under the same operating
conditions above to give inverse performance. Please specify if you require a "normally on" mode configuration when placing an order.
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE DATA
103
Figure 5: Instrument Response Function (I.R.F.)
TPMHB0246EB
TPMHB0177ED
102
QE = 25 %
102
-53
-52
-50
-51
QE = 1 %
101
QE =
0.1 %
100
101
QE = 10 %
10-1
RELATIVE COUNT
PHOTOCATHODE RADIANT SENSITIVITY (mA/W)
Figure 4: Spectral Response Characteristics
100
FWHM: 95 ps
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-2
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100
WAVELENGTH (nm)
10-4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
TIME (ns)
0.6
0.8
1.0
GATED MICROCHANNEL PLATE
PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES (MCP-PMT) R5916U-50 SERIES
Figure 6: Gain
Figure 7: Block Diagram of I.R.F. (Instrument Response
Function) Measuring Apparatus
TPMHB0179EB
107
106
CURRENT GAIN
ND FILTER
HAMAMATSU
PICOSECOND
MODEL#PLP-01
WAVELENGTH: 410 nm LIGHT
PULSER
PULSE WIDTH
TRIGGER IN
(FWHM)
: 35 ps
TRIGGER
OUT
TRIGGER OUT
R5916U-50
PULSE
GENERATOR
GATE
PULSE
105
HAMAMATSU C9727
HIGH VOLTAGE
POWER SUPPLY
104
HAMAMATSU
C5594
AMP
ORTEC 457
START
DELAY
103
TAC
STOP
CFD
ORTEC 425A
TENNELEC TC-454
COMPUTER
MCA
102
-2.0
-2.2
-2.4
-2.6
-2.8
-3.0
-3.2
-3.4
TPMHC0095EC
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (kV)
Figure 8: Pulse Height Distribution (PHD)
Figure 9: Block Diagram of PHD Measuring Apparatus
TPMHB0337EC
HAMAMATSU C9727
COUNTS (s-1)
10
8
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
: -3000 V
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE : 25 °C
DARK COUNTS
: 10 s-1 (Typ.)
: R5916U-50
PMT
: 200 ch
PEAK
: 50 ch
DISCRI. LEVEL
:1%
GATE DUTY CYCLE
HIGH VOLTAGE
POWER SUPPLY
ND FILTER
HALOGEN
LAMP
R5916U-50
PULSE
GENERATOR
6
SIGNAL + DARK COUNTS
4
2
COMPUTER
DARK COUNTS
GATE PULSE
: +10 V
REPETITION RATE : 10 kHz
PULSE WIDTH
: 100 ns
LINEAR
AMP
MCA
PREAMP
CANBERRA 2005
0
200
400
600
800
1000
TPMHC0102EB
PULSE HEIGHT (CHANNEL NUMBER)
Figure 10: Gate Pulse Response
TPMHB0338EB
Figure 11: Block Diagram of Gate Pulse Response
Measuring Apparatus
ND FILTER
2 mV/div
ANODE OUTPUT
HALOGEN
LAMP
R5916U-50
HIGH VOLTAGE
POWER SUPPLY
HAMAMATSU
C9727
3 V/div
OUTPUT
PULSE
GENERATOR TRIGGER OUT
TRIGGER IN
INPUT GATE
PULSE
COMPUTER
OSCILLOSCOPE
50 Ω LOAD
TPMHC0103EB
5 ns/div
Supply Voltage
: -3000 V
Ambient Temperature : 25 °C
Gate Pulse Height
: 10 V
Gate Pulse Width
: 25 ns
Repetition Rate
: 1 kHz
Figure 12: Dimensional Outline (Umit: mm)
71.5 ± 0.5
3.0 ± 0.2
19.0 ± 0.2
53.8 ± 0.5
WINDOW
FACE PLATE
SHV-R CONNECTOR
-HV INPUT
10 MIN.
55.0 ± 0.3
EFFECTIVE
PHOTOCATHODE
DIAMETER
10 MIN.
SMA-R CONNECTOR
ANODE OUTPUT
7.0 ± 0.2
17.5 ± 0.2
SMA-R CONNECTOR
GATE PULSE INPUT
7.9 ± 0.2
4.6 ± 0.1
PHOTOCATHODE
TPMHA0348EE
Figure 13: Voltage Divider and Gate Circuit
GATE
CATHODE
MCP
ANODE
ANODE OUTPUT
SMA-R
100 kΩ
330 pF
33 kΩ
12 MΩ
330 pF
1000 pF
24 MΩ
6 MΩ
330 pF
300 pF
50 Ω
GND
GND
10 kΩ
-HV
SHV-R
GATE SIGNAL
INPUT SMA-R
Some of the values indicated in this circuit may be different from
actual values to meet the specifications.
TPMHC0090EC
FUNDAMENTAL OPERATING PROCEDURE
1) A general set-up for R5916U-50 is shown at right.
This is to perform a photon counting with gating function
and to detect weak light generated from the samples by the
laser excitation.
2) The pulse generator used in this set-up produce an output
having +10 V in height and adjustable width which you require. It also produces a trigger signal synchronyzing an
output pulse to the laser output. The R5916U-50 is in gate
off mode in the beginning to prevent unwanted signals
caused by the laser light or some scattered light which may
strike the photocathode directly.
3) The pulse generator required for gating function is very
simple. The required specifications for the pulse generator
is as follows:
a. Output voltage is +10 V to +15 V.
b. Pulse width is just what you require (between 5 ns and
10 µs).
EMISSIONS
LASER
HIGH VOLTAGE
POWER SUPPLY
C9727
R5916U-50
SAMPLE
TRIGGER
OUTPUT
PULSE
GENERATOR OUTPUT FOR GATING
COUNTER
DISCRIMINATOR
AMP
C5594
TPMHC0096EA
GATED MICROCHANNEL PLATE
PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES (MCP-PMT) R5916U-50 SERIES
EXAMPLE OF APPLICATIONS
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
This is an example of LIDAR (Light detection and ranging)
application where our gateable MCP-PMT has been used.
The sketch at right shows a LIDAR system which includes
a picosecond laser, electronics (gate driver), optics, computer and sensor (gateable MCP-PMT). This system is to
investigate the distribution of planktons in the ocean for
pollution monitoring.
The laser light irradiates sea water and generates some
scattered light due to contaminated water and fluorescence due to chlorophyll in planktons. By detecting these
emissions, a distribution of quantative and qualitative informations on these objects can be obtained. However, there
are enormous back ground emissions due to reflections of
the laser light off of the water's surface as well as from
particles in an air or some unknown materials in the
ocean. Sun light is also a source of back ground if the experiment has to be performed in day time.
In this application, fast gating function is very effective to
minimize the back ground noise. The tube is gated on only
during the time when essence emissions arrive at the detector.
The switching ratio characteristics are also very important
to help minimize the noise. The R5916U-50 series tubes
are superior on both characteristics.
LIDAR (Light detection and ranging) system a)
CONTROLLER
OPTICS
LASER
GATE
DRIVER
DETECTOR
DETECTOR
COMPUTER
REFLECTION
LIGHT
SEA WATER
SCATTERED LIGHT
GENERATED BY
CONTAMINATED
SEA WATER
FLUORESCENCE
GENERATED
FROM CHLOROPHYLL
OF PLANKTONS
TACCC0045EA
Laser Satellite Ranging system b)
SATELLITE LASER RANGING (SLR)
This is also an example of a LIDAR application where the
gateable MCP-PMT has been used to measure the distance between the observatory and a satellite.
The operating principle is that a satellite is irradiated by
the fast laser pulse and then a reflected light is directed to
the detector through the optics placed on the ground. The
time interval of the signals from the source to the detector
in the system is the time of flight (TOF) from the observatory to the satellite and can be converted into a distance
between them.
This entire system consists of fast laser, optics, electronics, gate driver and detectors. The data taken by experiments with this system are also utilized for geodesy or
plate motion analysis on a world-wide level.
Because of the improved timing characteristics with
R5916U-50 series, more precise measurements can be
expected.
SATELLITE
LASER
DETECTOR
GATE
DRIVER
DETECTOR
OPTICS
COMPUTER
CONTROLLER
TACCC0046EA
References
a) Japan Marine Science and Technology Center: R&D of Laser Ranging Technology (Published in Japan)
b) HITACHI: Laser Satellite Ranging System
PRECAUTIONS FOR PROPER OPERATION
1. The photomultiplier tube (PMT) in this data sheet is a glass product under high vacuum. Excessive pressure or shocks to the tube
from the surroundings could cause a permanent damage. Please pay special attention on insuring proper handling.
2. Do not expose the photocathode to direct sunlight and any light stronger than the room light even during of no operation.
3. Do not supply any voltage higher than specified. Also make sure the output current does not exceed the maximum current specified.
4. This device is very sensitive even with weak light input. When applying high voltage to the tube, gradually (ideally 100 V step) and
carefully increase the voltage while monitoring the output using a current meter or oscilloscope (if the PMT has multianodes,
please make all the anode summed when monitoring). Also make sure before use that the polarity of the applied voltage is correct.
5. Never touch the input window with your bare hands. In case the window contaminated by dust or grease, wipe it off using alcohol
and a soft cloth or dust free tissue.
6. Do not remove any input or output cables when high voltage is applied.
7. Do not place any objects of ground potential closer than 5 mm to the photocathode window when negative high voltage is applied
to the photocathode. It could generate extra noise and damage the photocathode permanently.
8. Do not operate or store in a place of unspecified temperature and humidity.
9. If the tube won't be used with a cooler, it is recommended to leave the tube in darkness (your instrument without any input light) for
30 minutes or so before start any measurements because it occasionally takes a little while until its dark noise settles down.
WARRANTY
The detectors indicated in this data sheet are warranted to the original purchaser for a period of 12 months following the date of shipment. The warranty is limited to repair or replacement of any defective material due to defects in workmanship or materials used in
manufacture.
1. Any claim for damage of shipment must be made directly to the delivering carrier within five days.
2. Customer must inspect and test all detectors within 30 days after shipment. Failure to accomplish said incoming inspection shall
limit all claims to 75 % of invoice value.
3. NO credit will be issued for broken detector unless in the opinion of Hamamatsu the damage is due to a manufacturing defect.
4. NO credit will be issued for any detector which in the judgement of Hamamatsu has been damaged, abused, modified or whose
serial number or type number have been obliterated or defaced.
5. NO detector will be accepted for return unless permission has been obtained from Hamamatsu in writing, the shipment has been
returned repaired and insured, the detector is packed in their original box and accompanied by the original data sheet furnished to
the customer with the tube, and a full written explanation of the reason for rejection of detector.
GATED MICROCHANNEL PLATE
PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES (MCP-PMT) R5916U-50 SERIES
ACCESSORIES
THERMOELECTRIC COOLING UNIT C10373 Series
Left: Power Supply Right: Cooled PMT Housing
Parameter
Cooling Method
Heat Exchange Medium
Cooling Temperature (with cooling water at +20 °C)
Cooling Time
Applicable PMT Holder (sold separately) *
AC Input Voltage
Operating Ambient Temperature A
Storage Temperature A
NOTE: ANo condensation
Description / Value
Thermoelectric cooling using peltier module
Water
Approx. -30 °C
Approx. 120 min
E3059-501
100 V to 240 V
+5 °C to +40 °C / Below 75 %
-15 °C to +50 °C / Below 80 %
* The E3059-501 exclusive holder is necessary for R5916U-50 series.
HIGH SPEED AMPLIFIER C5594 Series
BENCH-TOP HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY C9727/-01
Suffix number and input / output connector
Specifications
Input Connector
Output Connector
Type No.
SMA Plug (male)
SMA Receptacle (female)
C5594-12
C5594-22 SMA Receptacle (female) SMA Receptacle (female)
C5594-44 BNC Receptacle (female) BNC Receptacle (female)
Specifications
Parameter
Frequency Response Range
Typ.
Voltage Gain
Current-to-Voltage Conversion Factor
Input / Output Impedance
Typ.
Noise Figure (NF)
Supply Voltage
Max.
Supply Current
Description / Value
50 kHz to 1.5 GHz
36 dB
3.15 mV/µA
50 Ω
5 dB
+12 V to 16 V
95 mA
Parameter
Description / Value
Output Voltage
0 V to -3500 V
Maximum Output Current
2 mA
Line Regulation Against
Max.
±0.005 %
±10 % Line Voltage Change AB
Load Regulation Against
Max.
±0.03 %
0 % to 100 % Load Change A
Typ.
Ripple / Noise (p-p) AB
0.003 %
Drift (after 30 min Warm-up) AB Typ.
±0.05 % / h
Temperature Coefficient AB Typ.
±0.01 % / °C
AC Input Voltage
100 V to 240 V
Power Consumption AB Max.
60 V·A
Operating Ambient
0 °C to +40 °C / below 85 %
Temperature / Humidity C
C
Storage Temperature / Humidity -20 °C to +50 °C / below 90 %
NOTE: AAt maximum output voltage
CNo condensation
HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K.
BAt maximum output current
www.hamamatsu.com
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314-5, Shimokanzo, Iwata City, Shizuoka Pref., 438-0193, Japan, Telephone: (81)539/62-5248, Fax: (81)539/62-2205
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TPMH1102E10
Italy: Hamamatsu Photonics Italia S.r.l.: Strada della Moia, 1 int. 6, 20020 Arese (Milano), Italy, Telephone: (39)02-93581733, Fax: (39)02-93581741 E-mail: [email protected]
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MAY 2015 IP