DATASHEET

[ /Title
(ICM7
217)
/Subject (4Digit
LED
Display,
Programmable
Up/Do
wn
Counte
r)
/Autho
r ()
/Keywords
(Intersil
Corporation,
Semiconductor,
Programmable
UpDown
Counte
r,
Common
Anode,
LED,
Com-
July 2001
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POSSIB
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FOR A tral Applicat @intersil.co
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ICM7217
4-Digit LED Display,
Programmable Up/Down Counter
Features
Description
• Four Decade, Presettable Up-Down Counter with
Parallel Zero Detect
The ICM7217 is a four digit, presettable up/down counter with
an onboard presettable register continuously compared to the
counter. The ICM7217 is intended for use in hard-wired
applications where thumbwheel switches are used for loading
data, and simple SPDT switches are used for chip control.
• Settable Register with Contents Continuously
Compared to Counter
• Directly Drives Multiplexed 7 Segment Common
Anode or Common Cathode LED Displays
This circuit provides multiplexed 7 segment LED display
outputs, with common anode or common cathode
configurations available. Digit and segment drivers are
provided to directly drive displays of up to 0.8 inch
character height (common anode) at a 25% duty cycle. The
frequency of the onboard multiplex oscillator may be
controlled with a single capacitor, or the oscillator may be
allowed to free run. Leading zeros can be blanked. The
data appearing at the 7 segment and BCD outputs is
latched; the content of the counter is transferred into the
latches under external control by means of the Store pin.
• On-Board Multiplex Scan Oscillator
• Schmitt Trigger On Count Input
• TTL Compatible BCD I/O Port, Carry/Borrow, Equal,
and Zero Outputs
• Display Blank Control for Lower Power Operation;
Quiescent Power Dissipation <5mW
• All Terminals Fully Protected Against Static Discharge
The ICM7217 (common anode) and ICM7217A (common
cathode) versions are decade counters, providing a
maximum count of 9999, while the ICM7217B (common
anode) and ICM7217C (common cathode) are intended for
timing purposes, providing a maximum count of 5959.
• Single 5V Supply Operation
This circuit provides 3 main outputs; a CARRY/BORROW
output, which allows for direct cascading of counters, a
ZERO output, which indicates when the count is zero, and
an EQUAL output, which indicates when the count is equal
to the value contained in the register. Data is multiplexed to
and from the device by means of a three-state BCD I/O port.
The CARRY/BORROW, EQUAL, ZERO outputs, and the
BCD port will each drive one standard TTL load.
To permit operation in noisy environments and to prevent
multiple triggering with slowly changing inputs, the count
input is provided with a Schmitt trigger.
Input frequency is guaranteed to 2MHz, although the device will
typically run with fIN as high as 5MHz. Counting and comparing
(EQUAL output) will typically run 750kHz maximum.
Part Number Information
PART
NUMBER
TEMP. RANGE
(oC)
DISPLAY DRIVER
TYPE
PACKAGE
COUNT OPTION/
MAX COUNT
PKG. NO.
ICM7217AIPI
-25 to 85
28 Ld PDIP
Common Cathode
Decade/9999
E28.6
ICM7217CIPl
-25 to 85
28 Ld PDIP
Common Cathode
Timing/5959
E28.6
ICM7217IJI
-25 to 85
28 Ld CERDIP
Common Anode
Decade/9999
F28.6
lCM7217BlJl
-25 to 85
28 Ld CERDIP
Common Anode
Timing/5959
F28.6
1-888-INTERSIL or 321-724-7143
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
| Intersil and Design is a trademark of Intersil Americas Inc. | Copyright © Intersil Americas Inc. 2001
1
File Number
3167.3
ICM7217
Pinouts
ICM7217 (PDIP)
COMMON CATHODE
TOP VIEW
ICM7217 (CERDIP)
COMMON ANODE
TOP VIEW
CARRY/BORROW 1
28 D1
CARRY/BORROW 1
28 SEG d
ZERO 2
27 D2
ZERO 2
27 SEG b
EQUAL 3
26 D3
EQUAL 3
26 SEG f
BCD I/O 8s 4
25 D4
BCD I/O 8s 4
25 SEG c
BCD I/O 4s 5
24 VDD
BCD I/O 4s 5
24 VDD
BCD I/O 2s 6
23 DISPLAY CONT.
BCD I/O 2s 6
23 SEG a
BCD I/O 1s 7
22 SEG g
BCD I/O 1s 7
21 SEG b
COUNT INPUT 8
COUNT INPUT 8
ICM7217
ICM7217B
20 VSS
STORE 9
22 SEG e
ICM7217A
ICM7217C
21 SEG g
20 DISPLAY CONT.
STORE 9
UP/DOWN 10
19 SEG e
UP/DOWN 10
LOAD REGISTER/OFF 11
18 SEG f
LOAD REGISTER/OFF 11
18 D1
LOAD COUNTER/I/O OFF 12
17 D2
19 VSS
LOAD COUNTER/I/O OFF 12
17 SEG d
SCAN 13
16 SEG a
SCAN 13
16 D3
RESET 14
15 SEG c
RESET 14
15 D4
Functional Block Diagram
4
ZERO
4
T.G.
T.G.
1
4
D1
10
VDD
UP/DN
COUNT
T.G.
2
4
RS
D2
10
1
4
4
T.G.
3
D3
10
2
T.G.
4
4
4
4
RS
4
RS
D4
10
3
4
3
T.G.
4
RS
ZERO
ZERO
ZERO
ZERO
U/D
U/D
U/D
U/D
CL CARRY
CL CARRY
CL CARRY
CL CARRY
4
4
D1
REG.
4
2
4
3
D2
REG.
4
COMP.
4
T.G.
T.G.
1
4
2
4
COMP.
4
4
4
4
D3
REG.
D4
REG.
1
4
4
COMP.
COMP.
4
4
VSS
CARRY/BARROW
8s
T.G.
T.G.
T.G.
T.G.
4s
4
4
4
4
BDC
I/O
2s
LATCH
1s
LATCH
LATCH
MUX
MUX
MUX
4
4
4
4
SEGMENT DRIVERS
(7)
B
C
D
E
F
L.R.
G
VDD
LATCH
L.C.
RESET
VDD
MUX. I/O
AND
DISPLAY
CONTROL
LOGIC
DISPLAY BLANK + OFF
DIGIT DRIVERS
(4)
D4
D3
D2
STORE
RESET
LOAD
VSS COUNTER
VDD
LOAD
VSS REGISTER
VDD
VSS DISPLAY
CONTROL
4
A
VDD
MUX
SEGMENT DECODER
EQUAL
DIGIT MUX
BCD I/O INPUTS
COM. ANODE: PULL DOWN
COM. CATHODE: PULL UP
D1
2
4
MUX.
OSCILLATOR
SCAN
ICM7217
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Thermal Information
Supply Voltage (VDD - VSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6V
Input Voltage (Any Terminal) . . . . . . . . (VSS - 0.3V) to (VDD + 0.3V)
(Note 1)
Thermal Resistance (Typical, Note 2)
θJA (oC/W) θJC (oC/W)
CERDIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55
14
PDIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55
N/A
Maximum Junction Temperature
PDIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150oC
CERDIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175oC
Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . .-65oC to 150oC
Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . 300oC
Operating Conditions
Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -25oC to 85oC
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation
of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
NOTES:
1. Due to the SCR structure inherent in the CMOS process used to fabricate these devices, connecting any terminal to a voltage greater
than VDD or less than VSS may cause destructive device latchup. For this reason it is recommended that the power supply to the device
be established before any inputs are applied and that in multiple systems the supply to the ICM7217 be turned on first.
2. θJA is measured with the component mounted on an evaluation PC board in free air.
Electrical Specifications
VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V, TA = 25oC, Display Diode Drop 1 .7V, Unless Otherwise Specified
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
Supply Current
(Lowest Power Mode), IDD (7217)
Display Off, LC, DC, UP/DN,
ST, RS, BCD I/O Floating or at VDD (Note 1)
-
350
500
µA
Supply Current, OPERATING, IOP
Common Anode, Display On, all “8’s”
140
200
-
mA
Supply Current, OPERATING, IOP
Common Cathode, Display On, all “8’s”
VSUPPLY , VDD
50
100
-
mA
4.5
5
5.5
V
Digit Driver Output Current, IDIG
Common Anode, VOUT = VDD - 2.0V
140
200
-
mAPEAK
SEGment Driver
Output Current, ISEG
Common Anode, VOUT = +1.5V
20
35
-
mAPEAK
Digit Driver, Output Current, IDIG
Common Cathode, VOUT = +1.0V
-50
-75
-
mAPEAK
SEGment Driver
Output Current, ISEG
Common Cathode VOUT = VDD - 2V
-9
-12.5
-
mAPEAK
ST, RS, UP/DN Input
Pullup Current, IP
VIN = VDD - 2V (Note 1)
5
25
-
µA
3 Level Input Impendance, ZIN
40
-
350
kΩ
BCD I/O Input, High Voltage
VBIH
ICM7217 Common Anode (Note 2)
1.5
-
-
V
ICM7217 Common Cathode (Note 2)
4.40
-
-
V
BCD I/O Input, Low Voltage
VBIL
ICM7217 Common Anode (Note 2)
-
-
0.60
V
ICM7217 Common Cathode (Note 2)
-
-
3.2V
V
BCD I/O Input, Pullup Current
IBPU
ICM7217 Common Cathode VIN = VDD - 2V
(Note 2)
5
25
-
µA
BCD I/O Input
Pulldown Current, IBPD
ICM7217 Common Anode VIN = +2V (Note 2)
5
25
-
µA
BCD I/O, ZERO, EQUAL Outputs
Output High Voltage, VOH
IOH = -100µA
3.5
-
-
V
BCD I/O, CARRY/BORROW
ZERO, EQUAL Outputs
Output Low Voltage, VOL
IOL = 1.6mA
-
-
0.4
V
Count Input Frequency, fIN
-20oC to 70oC
-
5
-
MHz
Guaranteed
0
-
2
MHz
Count Input Threshold, VTH
(Note 3)
-
2
-
V
Count Input Hysteresis, VHYS
(Note 3)
-
0.5
-
V
Count Input LO, VCIL
-
-
0.40
V
Count Input HI, VCIH
3.5
-
-
V
3
ICM7217
Electrical Specifications
VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V, TA = 25oC, Display Diode Drop 1 .7V, Unless Otherwise Specified
PARAMETER
Display Scan
Oscillator Frequency, fDS
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
Free-running (SCAN Terminal Open Circuit)
-
2.5
10
kHz
Switching Specifications VDD = 5V, VSS = 0V, TA = 25oC
PARAMETER
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
UP/DOWN Setup Time, tUCS
300
-
-
ns
UP/DOWN Hold Time, tUCH
1500
750
-
ns
COUNT Pulse Width High, tCWH
250
100
-
ns
COUNT Pulse Width Low, tCWI
250
100
-
ns
COUNT to CARRY/BORROW Delay, tCB
-
750
-
ns
CARRY/BORROW Pulse Width tBW
-
100
-
ns
COUNT to EQUAL Delay, tCE
-
500
-
ns
COUNT to ZERO Delay, tCZ
-
300
-
ns
1000
500
-
ns
RESET Pulse Width, tRST
NOTES:
1. In the ICM7217 the UP/DOWN, STORE, RESET and the BCD I/O as inputs have pullup or pulldown devices which consume power when
connected to the opposite supply. Under these conditions, with the display off, the device will consume typically 750µA.
2. These voltages are adjusted to allow the use of thumbwheel switches for the ICM7217. Note that a high level is taken as an input logic
zero for ICM7217 common-cathode versions.
3. Parameters not tested (Guaranteed by Design).
4
ICM7217
Timing Waveforms
SCAN
10µs TYP
FREE-RUNNING
400µs TYP
FREE-RUNNING
INTERNAL OSC
OUTPUT
D4
INTERNAL
(BCD AND
SEGMENT
ENABLE)
D3
D2
D1
D4
INTERNAL
(COMMON
ANODE
DIGIT
STROBES)
D3
INTERDIGIT BLANK
D2
D1
FIGURE 1. MULTIPLEX TIMING
tUCS
tUCH
UP/DOWN
tCWL
tCWH
COUNT INPUT
tCB
tBW
CARRY/BORROW
tCEL
tCEH
EQUAL
tCZL
tCZH
ZERO
FIGURE 2. COUNT AND OUTPUTS TIMING
5
ICM7217
Timing Waveforms
LOAD COUNTER
(OR LOAD REGISTER)
SCAN
D4
D3
D2
D1
INTERNAL
OPERATING
MODE
INPUT
OUTPUT
BCD I/O
COUNT INHIBITED IF
LOAD COUNTER
D4
IN
DN OUT
D3
IN
D2
IN
D1
IN
D4 OUT
D3 OUT
= HIGH IMPEDANCE
= THREE-STATE W/PULLDOWN
FIGURE 3. BCD I/O AND LOADING TIMING
Typical Performance Curves
80
300
TA = 25oC
4.5 ≤ VDD ≤ 6V
V+ = 5.5V
ICM7217
ICM7217B
ISEG (mA)
IDIG (mA)
200
100
25oC
85oC
40
V+ = 4.5V
V+ = 5V
20
-20oC
0
0
ICM7217
ICM7217B
60
1
VDD - VOUT (V)
2
0
3
0
1
2
VOUT (V)
FIGURE 4. TYPICAL IDIG vs V+
FIGURE 5. TYPICAL ISEG vs VOUT
6
3
ICM7217
Typical Performance Curves
80
200
V+ = 5V
V+ = 5V
-20oC
ICM7217
ICM7217B
150
IDIGIT (mA)
ISEG (mA)
60
40
25oC
20
0
-20oC
ICM7217A
ICM7217C
100
25oC
50
85oC
85oC
0
0
1
2
0
3
1
FIGURE 6. TYPICAL ISEG vs VOUT
30
TA = 25oC
-20oC
4.5 ≤ VDD − VSS ≤ 6V
25oC
V+ = 5.5V
150
3
FIGURE 7. TYPICAL IDIGIT vs VOUT
200
ICM7217A
ICM7217C
20
ICM7217A
ICM7217C
100
ISEG (mA)
IDIGIT (mA)
2
VOUT (V)
VOUT (V)
V+ = 4.5V
85oC
10
V+ = 5V
50
0
0
1
2
0
3
VOUT (V)
0
1
VDD - VOUT (V)
2
3
FIGURE 9. TYPICAL ISEG vs VDD - VOUT
FIGURE 8. TYPICAL IDIGIT vs VOUT
Detailed Description
Control Outputs
drive a single TTL load over the full range of supply voltage
and ambient temperature; for a logic zero, these outputs will
sink 1.6mA at 0.4V and for a logic one, the outputs will
source >60µA. A 10kΩ pull-up resistor to VDD on the
EQUAL or ZERO outputs is recommended for highest speed
operation, and on the CARRY/BORROW output when it is
being used for cascading. Figure 2 shows control outputs
timing diagram.
The CARRY/BORROW output is a positive going pulse
occurring typically 500ns after the positive going edge of the
COUNT INPUT. It occurs when the counter is clocked from
9999 to 0000 when counting up and from 0000 to 9999 when
counting down. This output allows direct cascading of
counters. The CARRY/BORROW output is not valid during
load counter and reset operation. When the count is 6000 or
higher, a reset generates a CARRY/BORROW pulse.
Display Outputs and Control
The EQUAL output assumes a negative level when the
contents of the counter and register are equal.
The Digit and SEGment drivers provide a decoded
7-segment display system, capable of directly driving common anode LED displays at typical peak currents of
35mA/seg. This corresponds to average currents of
8mA/seg at 25% multiplex duty cycle. For the common cathode versions, peak segment currents are 12.5mA, corre-
The ZERO output assumes a negative level when the
content of the counter is 0000.
The CARRY/BORROW, EQUAL and ZERO outputs will
7
ICM7217
sponding to average segment currents of 3.1mA. Figure 1
shows the multiplex timing. The DISPLAY pin controls the
display output using three level logic. The pin is self-biased
to a voltage approximately 1/2 (VDD); this corresponds to
normal operation. When this pin is connected to VDD , the
segments are disabled and when connected to VSS , the
leading zero blanking feature is inhibited. For normal operation (display on with leading zero blanking) the pin should be
left open. The display may be controlled with a 3 position
SPDT switch; see Test Circuit.
Multiplex SCAN Oscillator
The on-board multiplex scan oscillator has a nominal freerunning frequency of 2.5kHz. This may be reduced by the
addition of a single capacitor between the SCAN pin and the
positive supply. Capacitor values and corresponding nominal oscillator frequencies, digit repetition rates, and loading
times are shown in Table 1.
SCAN INPUT
ICM7217
SCAN INPUT
ICM7217
R1
10kΩ
R2
20kΩ
500Ω
C
1MΩ
1MΩ
500Ω
0.01µF
0.01µF
FIGURE 10A.
FIGURE 10B.
VDD = 5V
10kΩ
7
8
3kΩ
4
ICM7555
3
SCAN INPUT
ICM7217
200Ω
2
6
1
8s
0.05µF
0.05µF
0V
FIGURE 10C.
FIGURE 10. BRIGHTNESS CONTROL CIRCUITS
During load counter and load register operations, the
multiplex oscillator is disconnected from the SCAN input and
is allowed to free-run. In all other conditions, the oscillator
may be directly overdriven to about 20kHz, however the
external oscillator signal should have the same duty cycle as
the internal signal, since the digits are blanked during the
time the external signal is at a positive level (see Figure 1).
To insure proper leading zero blanking, the interdigit blanking time should not be less than about 2µs. Overdriving the
oscillator at less than 200Hz may cause display flickering.
TABLE 1. ICM7217 MULTIPLEXED RATE CONTROL
SCAN
CAPACITOR
NOMINAL
OSCILLATOR
FREQUENCY
DIGIT
REPETITION
RATE
SCAN
CYCLE
TIME
(4 DIGITS)
None
2.5kHz
625Hz
1.6ms
20pF
1.25kHz
300Hz
3.2ms
90pF
600Hz
150Hz
8ms
The internal oscillator output has a duty cycle of
approximately 25:1, providing a short pulse occurring at the
oscillator frequency. This pulse clocks the four-state counter
which provides the four multiplex phases. The short pulse
width is used to delay the digit driver outputs, thereby providing inter-digit blanking which prevents ghosting. The digits
are scanned from MSD (D4) to LSD (D1). See Figure 1 for
the display digit multiplex timing.
The display brightness may be altered by varying the duty
cycle. Figure 10 shows several variable-duty-cycle oscillators suitable for brightness control at the ICM7217 SCAN
input. The inverters should be CMOS CD4000 series and
the diodes may be any inexpensive device such as lN914.
Counting Control, STORE, RESET
As shown in Figure 2, the counter is incremented by the
8
ICM7217
rising edge of the COUNT INPUT signal when UP/DOWN is
high. It is decremented when UP/DOWN is low. A Schmitt
trigger on the COUNT INPUT provides hysteresis to prevent
double triggering on slow rising edges and permits operation
in noisy environments. The COUNT INPUT is inhibited during reset and load counter operations.
is connected to VDD , the count input is inhibited and the levels at the BCD pins are multiplexed into the counter. When
LR is connected to VDD , the levels at the BCD pins are multiplexed into the register without disturbing the counter.
When both are connected to VDD , the count is inhibited and
both register and counter will be loaded.
The STORE pin controls the internal latches and
consequently the signals appearing at the 7-Segment and
BCD outputs. Bringing the STORE pin low transfers the contents of the counter into the latches.
The LOAD COUNTER and LOAD REGISTER inputs are
edge-triggered, and pulsing them high for 500ns at room
temperature will initiate a full sequence of data entry cycle
operations (see Figure 3). When the circuit recognizes that
either or both of the LC or LR pins input is high, the multiplex
oscillator and counter are reset (to D4). The internal
oscillator is then disconnected from the SCAN pin and the
preset circuitry is enabled. The oscillator starts and runs with
a frequency determined by its internal capacitor, (which may
vary from chip to chip). When the chip finishes a full 4-digit
multiplex cycle (loading each digit from D4 to D3 to D2 to D1
in turn), it again samples the LOAD REGISTER and LOAD
COUNTER inputs. If either or both is still high, it repeats the
load cycle, if both are floating or low, the oscillator is
reconnected to the SCAN pin and the chip returns to normal
operation. Total load time is digit “on” time multiplied by 4. lf
the Digit outputs are used to strobe the BCD data into the
BCD I/O inputs, the input must be synchronized to the
appropriate digit (Figure 3). Input data must be valid at the
trailing edge of the digit output.
The counter is asynchronously reset to 0000 by bringing the
RESET pin low. The circuit performs the reset operation by
forcing the BCD input lines to zero, and “presetting” all four
decades of counter in parallel. This affects register loading; if
LOAD REGISTER is activated when the RESET input is low,
the register will also be set to zero. The STORE, RESET and
UP/DOWN pins are provided with pullup resistors of approximately 75kΩ.
BCD I/O Pins
The BCD I/O port provides a means of transferring data to
and from the device. The ICM7217 versions can multiplex
data into the counter or register via thumbwheel switches,
depending on inputs to the LOAD COUNTER or LOAD
REGISTER pins; (see below). When functioning as outputs,
the BCD I/O pins will drive one standard TTL load. Common
anode versions have internal pull down resistors and common cathode versions have internal pull up resistors on the
four BCD I/O lines when used as inputs.
The BCD I/O pins, the LOAD COUNTER (LC), and LOAD
REGISTER (LR) pins combine to provide presetting and
compare functions. LC and LR are 3-level inputs, being selfbiased at approximately 1/2VDD for normal operation. With
both LC and LR open, the BCD I/O pins provide a multiplexed BCD output of the latch contents, scanned from MSD
to LSD by the display multiplex.
When LR is connected to GROUND, the oscillator is
inhibited, the BCD I/O pins go to the high impedance state,
and the segment and digit drivers are turned off. This allows
the display to be used for other purposes and minimizes
power consumption. In this display off condition, the circuit
will continue to count, and the CARRY/BORROW, EQUAL,
ZERO, UP/DOWN, RESET and STORE functions operate
as normal. When LC is connected to ground, the BCD I/O
pins are forced to the high impedance state without disturbing the counter or register. See “Control Input Definitions”
(Table 2) for a list of the pins that function as three-state selfbiased inputs and their respective operations.
When either the LOAD COUNTER (Pin 12) or LOAD
REGISTER (Pin 11) is taken low, the drivers are turned off
and the BCD pins become high-impedance inputs. When LC
Note that the ICM7217 and ICM7217B have been designed
to drive common anode displays. The BCD inputs are high
true, as are the BCD outputs.
LOADing the COUNTER and REGISTER
CD4069
INPUT
1N4148
INPUT
OUTPUT
CD4069
INPUT
1N4148
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
INPUT
OUTPUT
High
High
High
Disconnected
Low
Disconnected
Low
High
FIGURE 11A. CMOS INVERTER
FIGURE 11B. CMOS INVERTER
CD4502B
INPUT A
CD74HC03
INPUT A
OUTPUT
INPUT B
INPUT B
9
OUTPUT
ICM7217
CD4069
INPUT
1N4148
OUTPUT
INPUT
CD4069
INPUT
OUTPUT
1N4148
OUTPUT
INPUT
OUTPUT
INPUT B
INPUT A
OUTPUT
INPUT B
INPUT A
OUTPUT
High
High
Low
High
High
Disconnected
High
Low
Disconnected
High
Low
Disconnected
Low
High
Disconnected
Low
High
High
Low
Low
Disconnected
Low
Low
Low
FIGURE 11C. CMOS OPEN DRAIN
FIGURE 11D. CMOS THREE-STATE BUFFER
FIGURE 11. DRIVING 3-LEVEL INPUTS OF ICM7217
VDD
50kΩ
DN DIGIT LINE
50kΩ
DN DIGIT LINE
DISPLAY
CONTROL
50kΩ
DISPLAY
CONTROL
ICM7217A
ICM7217C
VDD
ICM7217
ICM7217B
FIGURE 12B. COMMON CATHODE
FIGURE 12A. COMMON ANODE
FIGURE 12. FORCING LEADING ZERO DISPLAY
VDD
DIGIT
DRIVE
ICM7217
ICM7217B
VDD
SEGMENT
DRIVE
2N2219
OR SIMILAR
ICM7217
ICM7217C
VSS
VDD
SEGMENT
DRIVE
2N2219
OR SIMILAR
VSS
VDD
DIGIT
DRIVE
2N6034
OR SIMILAR
VSS
2N6034
OR SIMILAR
VSS
FIGURE 13A. COMMON ANODE DISPLAY
FIGURE 13B. COMMON CATHODE DISPLAY
FIGURE 13. DRIVING HIGH CURRENT DISPLAYS
10
ICM7217
VDD = 5V
VDD = 5V
35
D4
LCD DISPLAY
D3
37 - 40
D2
ICM7211
2 - 26
28 SEGMENTS
AND BACKPLANE
D1
DB3
DB2
DB1
DB0
34
33
32
31
30
4
29
5
28
6
27
7
COUNT
STORE
UP/DN
RESET
1
2
4
C
8
1
2
4
8
C
1
2
4
8
1
C
2
4
8s
VDD
24
4s
2s
DC
23
20
1s
8
D1
28
9
D2
ICM7217
D3
IJI
D4
27
10
14
26
25
8
C
10kΩ - 20kΩ
FIGURE 14. LCD DISPLAY INTERFACE (WITH THUMBWHEEL SWITCHES)
cause erroneous glitches on the EQUAL and ZERO outputs
when codes cross.
The lCM7217A and the ICM7217C are used to drive common cathode displays, and the BCD inputs are low true.
BCD outputs are high true.
LOAD COUNTER or LOAD REGISTER, and RESET input
can not be activated at the same time or within a short period
of each other. Operation of each input must be delayed
1.6ms typical (5ms for guaranteed proper operation) relating
to the preceding one.
Notes on Thumbwheel Switches and Multiplexing
As it was mentioned, the ICM7217 is basically designed to
be used with thumbwheel switches for loading the data to
the device. See Figure 14 and Figure 17.
Counter and register can be loaded together with the same
value if LC and LR inputs become activated exactly at the
same time.
The thumbwheel switches used with these circuits (both
common anode and common cathode) are TRUE BCD
coded; i.e. all switches open corresponds to 0000. Since the
thumbwheel switches are connected in parallel, diodes must
be provided to prevent crosstalk between digits. In order to
maintain reasonable noise margins, these diodes should be
specified with low forward voltage drops (IN914). Similarly, if
the BCD outputs are to be used, resistors should be inserted
in the Digit lines to avoid loading problems.
Notice the setup and hold time of UP/DOWN input when it is
changing during counting operation. Violation of UP/ DOWN
hold time will result in incrementing or decrementing the
counter by 1000, 100 or 10 where the preceding digit is
transitioning from 5 to 6 or 6 to 5.
The RESET input may be susceptible to noise if its input rise
time is greater than about 500µs This will present no problems when this input is driven by active devices (i.e., TTL or
CMOS logic) but in hardwired systems adding virtually any
capacitance to the RESET input can cause trouble. A simple
circuit which provides a reliable power-up reset and a fast
rise time on the RESET input is shown on Figure 15.
Output and Input Restrictions
LOAD COUNTER and LOAD REGISTER operations take
1.6ms typical (5ms maximum) after LC or LR are released.
During this load period the EQUAL and ZERO outputs are
not valid (see Figure 3). Since the Counter and register are
compared by XOR gates, loading the counter or register can
11
ICM7217
When using the circuit as a programmable divider (÷ by n
with equal outputs) a short time delay (about 1µs) is needed
from the EQUAL output to the RESET input to establish a
pulse of adequate duration. (See Figure 16).
N.O.
When the circuit is configured to reload the counter or register with a new value from the BCD lines (upon reaching
EQUAL), loading time will be digit “on” time multiplied by
four. If this load time is longer than one period of the input
count, a count can be lost. Since the circuit will retain data in
the register, the register need only be updated when a new
value is to be entered. RESET will not clear the register.
VDD
0.047µF
10Ω
RESET INPUT
ICM7217
5kΩ
10kΩ
VSS
FIGURE 15. POWER ON RESET
VDD
47pF
33K
EQUAL
RESET
FIGURE 16. EQUAL TO RESET DELAY
Test Circuit
c
a
COMMON ANODE DISPLAY
a
f
b
g
e
a
f
b
g
c
e
c
d
d
D4
f
b
g
e
b
d
g
c
e
d
D3
a
a
f
f
c
e
d
D2
b
D1
g
THUMBWHEEL SWITCHES
D4
BCD I/O 8s
BCD I/O 4s
BCD I/O 2s
BCD I/O 1s
COUNT INPUT
D3
D2
D1
CARRY
1
28
ZERO
2
27
EQUAL
3
26
4
25
5
24
6
23
9999
7
STORE
UP/DOWN
LOAD REGISTER
LOAD COUNTER
SCAN
RESET
VDD
8
ICM7217
ICM7217B
21
9
20
10
19
11
18
12
17
13
16
14
15
N.O.
VDD
+5V
VSS
12
22
DISPLAY
CONTROL
ICM7217
Applications
a “fine” control. CD40106Bs are used as a monostable
multivibrator and reset time delay.
3-Level Inputs
Tape Recorder Position Indicator/controller
ICM7217 has three inputs with 3-level logic states; High, Low
and Disconnected. These inputs are: LOAD REGISTER/OFF,
LOAD COUNTER/I/O OFF and DISPLAY CONT.
The circuit in Figure 20 shows an application which uses the
up/down counting feature of the ICM7217 to keep track of
tape position. This circuit is representative of the many
applications of up/down counting in monitoring dimensional
position.
The circuits illustrated on Figure 11 can be used to drive
these inputs in different applications.
Fixed Decimal Point
In the tape recorder application, the LOAD REGISTER,
EQUAL and ZERO outputs are used to control the recorder.
To make the recorder stop at a particular point on the tape,
the register can be set with the stop point and the EQUAL
output used to stop the recorder either on fast forward, play
or rewind.
In the common anode versions, a fixed decimal point may be
activated by connecting the DP segment lead from the appropriate digit (with separate digit displays) through a 39Ω series
resistor to Ground. With common cathode devices, the DP
segment lead should be connected through a 75Ω series
resistor to VDD .
To make the recorder stop before the tape comes free of the
reel on rewind, a leader should be used. Resetting the
counter at the starting point of the tape, a few feet from the
end of the leader, allows the ZERO output to be used to stop
the recorder on rewind, leaving the leader on the reel.
To force the device to display leading zeroes after a fixed
decimal point, use a bipolar transistor and base resistor in a
configuration like that shown in Figure 12 with the resistor
connected to the digit output driving the DP for left hand DP
displays, and to the next least significant digit output for right
hand DP display.
The 1MΩ resistor and 0.0047µF capacitor on the COUNT
INPUT provide a time constant of about 5ms to debounce
the reel switch. The Schmitt trigger on the COUNT INPUT of
the ICM7217 squares up the signal before applying it to the
counter. This technique may be used to debounce
switch-closure inputs in other applications.
Driving Larger Displays
For displays requiring more current than the ICM7217 can
provide, the circuits of Figure 13 can be used.
LCD Display Interface
Precision Elapsed Time/Countdown Timer
The low-power operation of the ICM7217 makes an LCD
interface desirable. The Intersil ICM7211 4-digit, BCD-to-LCD
display driver easily interfaces to the ICM7217 as shown in
Figure 14. Total system power consumption is less than
5mW. System timing margins can be improved by using
capacitance to ground to slow down the BCD lines.
The circuit in Figure 21 uses an ICM7213 precision one
minute/one second timebase generator using a 4.1943MHz
crystal for generating pulses counted by an ICM7217B. The
thumbwheel switches allow a starting time to be entered into
the counter for a preset-countdown type timer, and allow the
register to be set for compare functions. For instance, to
make a 24-hour clock with BCD output the register can be
preset with 2400 and the EQUAL output used to reset the
counter. Note the 10K resistor connected between the LOAD
COUNTER terminal and Ground. This resistor pulls the
LOAD COUNTER input low when not loading, thereby
inhibiting the BCD output drivers. This resistor should be
eliminated and SW4 replaced with an SPDT center-off
switch if the BCD outputs are to be used.
The 10kΩ - 20kΩ resistors on the switch BCD lines serve to
isolate the switches during BCD output.
Unit Counter with BCD Output
The simplest application of the ICM7217 is a 4-digit unit
counter (Figure 18). All that is required is an ICM7217, a
power supply and a 4 digit display. Add a momentary switch
for reset, an SPDT center-off switch to blank the display or
view leading zeroes, and one more SPDT switch for up/
down control. Using an ICM7217A with a common-cathode
calculator-type display results in the least expensive digital
counter/display system available.
This technique may be used on any 3-level input. The 100kΩ
pullup resistor on the count input is used to ensure proper
logic voltage swing from the ICM7213. For a less expensive
(and less accurate) timebase, an ICM7555 timer may be
used in a configuration like that shown in Figure 19 to
generate a 1Hz reference.
Inexpensive Frequency Counter/ Tachometer
This circuit uses the low power ICM7555 (CMOS 555) to
generate the gating, STORE and RESET signals as shown
in Figure 19. To provide the gating signal, the timer is configured as an a stable multivibrator, using RA, RB and C to
provide an output that is positive for approximately one second and negative for approximately 300µs - 500µs. The positive waveform time is given by tWP = 0.693 (RA + RB)C
while the negative waveform is given by two = 0.693 RBC.
The system is calibrated by using a 5MΩ potentiometer for
RA as a “coarse” control and a 1kΩ potentiometer for RB as
8-Digit Up/Down Counter
This circuit (Figure 22) shows how to cascade counters and
retain correct leading zero blanking. The NAND gate detects
whether a digit is active since one of the two segments a or b
is active on any unblanked number. The flip flop is clocked
by the least significant digit of the high order counter, and if
this digit is not blanked, the Q output of the flip flop goes high
and turns on the NPN transistor, thereby inhibiting leading
zero blanking on the low order counter.
13
ICM7217
It is possible to use separate thumbwheel switches for
presetting, but since the devices load data with the oscillator
free-running, the multiplexing of the two devices is difficult to
synchronize.
be measured must be multiplied by 60. This can be done
electronically using a phase-locked loop, or mechanically by
using a disc rotating with the object with the appropriate
number of holes drilled around its edge to interrupt the light
from an LED to a photo-dector. For faster updating, use 0.1s
gating, and multiply the rotational frequency by 600.
Precision Frequency Counter/Tachometer
The circuit shown in Figure 23 is a simple implementation of
a four digit frequency counter, using an ICM7207A to provide the one second gating window and the STORE and
RESET signals. In this configuration, the display reads hertz
directly. With Pin 11 of the ICM7027A connected to VDD , the
gating time will be 0.1s; this will display tens of hertz at the
least significant digit. For shorter gating times, an ICM7207
may be used (with a 6.5536MHz crystal), giving a 0.01s gating with Pin 11 connected to VDD , and a 0.1s gating with Pin
11 open.
Auto-Tare System
This circuit uses the count-up and count-down functions of
the ICM7217, controlled via the EQUAL and ZERO outputs,
to count in SYNC with an ICL7109A and ICL7109D Converter as shown in Figure 24. By RESETing the ICM7217 on
a “tare” value conversion, and STORE-ing the result of a true
value conversion, an automatic fare subtraction occurs in the
result.
The ICM7217 stays in step with the ICL7109 by counting up
and down between 0 and 4095, for 8192 total counts, the
same number as the ICL7109 cycle. See applications note
No. A047 for more details.
To implement a four digit tachometer, the ICM7207A with
one second gating should be used. To get the display to
read directly in RPM, the rotational frequency of the object to
TABLE 2. CONTROL INPUT DEFINITIONS ICM7217
INPUT
TERMINAL
VOLTAGE
FUNCTION
STORE
9
VDD (or floating)
VSS
Output Latches Not Updated
Output Latches Updated
UP/DOWN
10
VDD (or floating)
VSS
Counter Counts Up
Counter Counts Down
RESET
14
VDD (or floating)
VSS
Normal Operation
Counter Reset
LOAD COUNTER/
I/O OFF
12
Unconnected
VDD
VSS
Normal Operation
Counter Loaded with BCD data
BCD Port Forced to Hi-Z Condition
LOAD REGlSTER/
OFF
11
Unconnected
VDD
VSS
Normal Operation
Register Loaded with BCD Data
Display Drivers Disabled; BCD Port
Forced to Hi-Z Condition, mpx Counter
Reset to D4; mpx Oscillator Inhibited
DISPLAY CONTrol
23 Common Anode
20 Common Cathode
Unconnected
Normal Operation
Segment Drivers Disabled
Leading Zero Blanking Inhibited
VDD
VSS
14
ICM7217
TO D4 STROBE
TO D1 STROBE
TO D4 STROBE
TO D1 STROBE
C
C
C
C
8
4
2
1
8
4
2
1
8
4
2
1
8
4
2
1
IN914 OR
EQUIVALENT
8
4
2
1
8
TO BCD INPUTS OF ICM7217, ICM7217B
1
ZERO
2
21 - 23
25 - 28
7 SEGMENTS
COMMON CATHODE
LED DISPLAY
4
5
BCD I/O
6
7
8
COUNT INPUT
STORE
9
ICM7217A
24
20
DISPLAY
CONTROL
VDD
BLANK
NORMAL
INHIBIT LZB
19
14
2
1
TO BCD INPUTS OF ICM7217A, ICM7217C
FIGURE 17. THUMBWHEEL SWITCH/DIODE CONNECTIONS
CARRY
4
15 - 18
4-DIGIT
RESET
FIGURE 18. UNIT COUNTER
15
ICM7217
5M
RA
7
8
4
RS
VDD
DIS
OUT
3K
10K
9
3
VDD
STORE
24
0.047µF
1K
LED DISPLAY
RB
2
6
ICM7217
8
GATE
TR
COUNT
TH
VSS
0.47µF
C
CV
1
14
5
RESET
VSS
20
GND
INVERTERS: CD40106B
NANDS: CD4011B
COUNT INPUT
FIGURE 19A.
300µs
1s
GATE
50µs
STORE
RESET
FIGURE 19B.
FIGURE 19. INEXPENSIVE FREQUENCY COUNTER
STOP
LOGIC TO GENERATE
RECORDER CONTROL
SIGNALS
EQ
THUMBWHEEL SWITCHES
REEL SWITCH
CLOSED ONCE/REV
VDD
1M
4 DIGIT
9999
1
CARRY
d
ZERO
b
EQUAL
0.0047µF
BCD I/O
VDD
a
e
g
UP/DOWN
LOAD REG
D1
LOAD CTR
D2
SCAN
D3
RESET
D4
N.O.
SET PT
VDD
INHIBIT LZB
RESET
FIGURE 20. TAPE RECORDER POSITION INDICATOR
16
BLANK
NORMAL
REWIND
VDD
7 SEGMENTS
f
FORWARD
N.O.
28
c
COUNT IN
STORE
VDD
COMMON CATHODE
LED DISPLAY
ZERO
4 DIGITS
ICM7217
VDD
RUN MIN/SEC
30pF
1
14
2
13
3
12
4
ICM7213
STOP
100K
SW1
RUN HRS/MIN
11
5
10
6
9
7
8
VDD
(4V MAX)
EQUAL
ZERO
TO LOGIC GENERATING
SIGNALS FOR CONTROL OF
EXTERNAL EQUIPMENT
4
30pF
4.1943MHz
CRYSTAL
RS < 75Ω
CARRY
D1
ZERO
D2
EQUAL
D3
BCD
I/O
VDD
THUMBWHEEL SWITCHES
5959
D4
4
VDD
LOAD SET PT.
DISPLAY OFF
VDD
SW2
g
VDD
UP/DOWN
LOAD REG
SW3
10K
PRESET SW4
RESET
VDD
DIS. CONT.
COUNT IN
STORE
ELAPSED
COUNTDOWN
DIGITS
4
LOAD CTR
b
VSS
e
SW6
VDD
INHIBIT
LZB
COMMON ANODE
LED DISPLAY
f
d
SCAN
a
RESET
c
ICM7217
SW5
FIGURE 21. PRECISION TIMER
17
BLANK
7
SEGMENTS
ICM7217
COMMON-ANODE
LED DISPLAY
COUNT INPUT
CARRY OUT
1
BCD OUTPUTS
HIGH ORDER DIGITS
4
25 - 28
4-7
4 DIGITS
CARRY/BORROW
4 DIGITS
7 SEGMENTS
D1
BCD OUTPUTS
HIGH ORDER DIGITS
24
1
V+
7 SEGMENTS
20
4
25 - 28
4-7
ICM7217
24
8
V+
N.O.
RESET
20
1A
9
UP/DOWN
10
15 - 19
21, 22
1B
14
V+
ICM7217
1/
4
CD4011
23
8
HIGH ORDER
9
10
15 - 19
21, 22
14
LOW ORDER
V+
50kΩ
3kΩ
D
1/
2
CD4013 Q
CL
FIGURE 22. 8-DIGIT UP/DOWN COUNTER
18
50kΩ
NPN
TRANSISTOR
V+ = 5V
22pF
22pF
10kΩ
25 - 28
4 DIGITS
4
14
6
7
13
2
24
5
BCD
OUT
ICM7207A
10kΩ
COMMON ANODE
LED DISPLAY
ICM7217
10
4
5
COUNT
6
CRYSTAL
f = 5.24288MHz
RS = 75Ω
1/
8
STORE
15 - 19
21, 22
9
4
7 SEGMENTS
CD4011
RESET
20
14
INPUT
FIGURE 23. PRECISION FREQUENCY COUNTER (MHz MAXIMUM)
+5V
400mV
FULL SCALE
INPUT
+
-
4 DIGIT COMMON ANODE
LED DISPLAY
D
0.1µF
1 GND
2 STATUS
VDD 40
REF IN - 39
3 POL
REF CAP - 38
4 OR
REF CAP + 37
5 B12
REF IN + 36
6 B11
IN HI 35
7 B10
IN LO 34
8 B9
COMMON 33
9 B8
INT 32
10 B7
ICM7109
BUF 30
12 B5
REF OUT 29
13 B4
VSS 28
14 B3
SEND 27
15 B2
RUN/HOLD 26
OSC SEL 24
18 LBEN
OSC OUT 23
19 HBEN
OSC IN 22
20 CE/LOAD
MODE 21
Q
D
S
R
Q
270
7
Q
LED
MINUS SIGN
10K
5 x 1N4148
1 CARRY/
BORROW
2 ZERO
D0 28
3 EQUAL
D2 26
4 BCD 8
D3 25
0.22µF
5 BCD 4
VDD 24
DISP. 23
CONT.
G 22
47K
7 BCD 1
100K
+5V
8 COUNT
B 21
9 STORE
VSS 20
10 UP/DOWN
100pF
+5V
10µF
100K
+5V
F 18
12 LOAD CTR.
D 17
13 SCAN
A 16
14 RESET
C 15
FIGURE 24. AUTO-TARE SYSTEM FOR A/D CONVERTER
19
E 19
11 LOAD REG.
TARE
7
D1 27
0.1µF
6 BCD 2
BUF OSC OUT 25
17 TEST
R
Q
100K
1µF
AZ 31
11 B6
16 B1
+5V
+5V
S
ICM7217
+5V
47µF
ICM7217
All Intersil products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems.
Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at website www.intersil.com/design/quality/iso.asp.
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design and/or specifications at any time without notice.
Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may
result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
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