SC2516 Complete Three-in-One DDR Power Solution With BF_CUT POWER MANAGEMENT Description Features The SC2516 is a fully integrated, Three-in-One DDR Controller supplying power to the VDDQ, VTT and GMCH rails. Two synchronous buck controller provide the VDDQ and GMCH at high efficiency, while an internal linear regulator supplies the termination voltage with 1.8A(min) Source/Sink capability. Uses Latched BF_Cut from Intel Glue Chip to control regulators External VDDQ divider allows DDRI or DDRII Compatibility High efficiency VDDQ switcher External GMCH divider allows 1.5V or 1.25V pro- The SC2516 uses the Intel® defined Latched BF_Cut signal to comply with motherboard state transitions. The regulator uses the 5VDUAL rail to supply VDDQ under all motherboard states, via the VDDQ switcher. The GMCH regulator is slaved off the 5V main regulator, using a separate UVLO on that rail. Additional logic and supervisory circuitry complete the functionality of this single chip DDR power solution in compliance with ACPI requirements. The MLP package with a copper pad provides excellent thermal impedance while keeping small footprint. VDDQ short circuit protection along with VTT current limit as well as two independent thermal shutdown circuits assure safe operation under all fault conditions. gramming High efficiency GMCH switcher supplies programmed output from the 5V or 3.3V rail Single chip solution complies fully with ACPI power sequencing specifications 1.8A (min) VTT Source/Sink capability High current 1Amp gate driver for VDDQ switcher Independent thermal shutdown for VTT Fast transient response Space saving 22-pin MLP package with copper thermal pad for heatsinking to PC Board Applications Power Solution for DDR memory per Intel motherboard specification Typical Application Circuit High speed data line termination 12VCC 2 FBVDDQ 3 SS/EN 4 VTT 5 VDDQ 6 7 8 VDDQ 9 10 PGND FBVDDQ BG SS/EN TG VTTGND BST VTT 5VSBY VDDQ COMP_GMCH AGND BF_CUT VTTFB TG_GMCH REFSENS BG_GMCH FB_GMCH GND_GMCH SS_GMCH 23 11 COMP TH _PAD 1 POK 5Vdual 22 21 VDDQ 20 19 18 5VSBY FBVDDQ 17 16 15 Latched BF_CUT 3VCC 14 13 12 GMCH SC2516 FB_GMCH ATXPWR_OK Revision 8, May. 2005 FB_GMCH 1 www.semtech.com SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Absolute Maximum Ratings Exceeding the specifications below may result in permanent damage to the device, or device malfunction. Operation outside of the parameters specified in the Electrical Characteristics section is not implied. Parameter Symbol Maximum U nits V BST 20 V V 5V S B Y 7 V I/O 5VSTBY +0.3, AGND -0.3 V 0.3 V IO(VTT) +/- 2 A Operati ng Ambi ent Temperature Range TA 0 to 70 o C Operati ng Juncti on Temperature TJ 125 o C Thermal Resi stance Juncti on to Ambi ent θJA 25 o C /W Thermal Resi stance Juncti on to C ase θJC 4 o C /W TSTG -65 to 150 Supply Voltage, BST to AGND Standby Input Voltage Inputs AGND to PGND or LGND VTT Output C urrent Storage Temperature Range o C TG/BG/TG_GMC H/BG_GMC H D C Voltage BST + 0.3, PGND -0.3 V TG/BG/TG_GMC H/BG_GMC H AC Voltage BST + 1.0, PGND -4.0 t < 100 nS (measured from 50% to 50%) V 2 KV ESD Rati ng (Human Body Model) ESD Electrical Characteristics Unless specified: TA = 25 oC , 5VSBY = 5V Parameter Symbol 5VSBY Voltage V 5V S B Y Qui escent C urrent IQ(5VSBY) C onditions Min Typ Max U nits 4.5 5 5.5 V BF_C UT low 12 16 BF_C UT Hi gh 8 10 mA BF_C UT Threshold 0.8 TTL 2.4 V P_OK Threshold 0.8 TTL 2.4 V UVLO5VSBY 2.4 2.7 3 V VREF 1.238 1.25 1.263 V 5VSBY Under Voltage Lockout VD D Q Feedback Reference IFB VFB = 1.25V -2 SS/EN Shutdown Threshold VEN(TH) VD D Q/VTT @ Shutdown 0.3 Thermal Shutdown TJ-SHDN 150 o C Thermal Shutdown Hysteresi s TJ-HYST 10 o C VD D Q Feedback C urrent © 2005 Semtech Corp. 2 uA 0.5 V www.semtech.com SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Electrical Characteristics (Cont.) Unless specified: TA = 25oC, 5VSBY = 5V. Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units Switcher Load Regulation IVDDQ = 0A to 10A Oscillator Frequency fOSC Soft Start Current ISS VSS = 800mV 0.2 % 225 250 275 KHz 20 25 30 uA 75 80 % 75 80 % Maximum Duty Cycle Overcurrent Trip Voltage VTRIP % of VDDQ Setpoint Top Gate Rise Time TGR Gate capacitance = 4000pF 25 nS Top Gate Fall Time TGF Gate capacitance = 4000pF 25 nS Bottom Gate Rise Time BGR Gate capacitance = 4000pF 35 nS Bottom Gate Fall Time BGF Gate capacitance = 4000pF 35 nS 70 Dead Time td 20 50 80 nS Error Amplifier Transconductance Gm 0.8 1 1.2 mS Error Amplifier Gain @ DC AEA Error Amplifier Bandwidth GBW Error Amplifier Source Current Error Amplifier Sink Current Internal Ramp RCOMP = open 38 dB 5 MHz FB = 0 , COMP = 1V 55 70 85 uA FB = 1.5V , COMP = 1V 70 90 110 uA VRAMP Peak - to - Peak 0.55 VTT VVDDQ = 2.500V 1.235 Source and Sink Currents IVTT VVDDQ = 2.500V Source and Sink Currents IVTT ∆VTT/ ∆I V VT T LDO Output Voltage Load Regulation Error Amplifier Gain AEA_VTT Current Limit VTTILIM © 2005 Semtech Corp. 1.265 V -1.8 +1.8 A VVDDQ = 1.500V -1.4 +1.4 A IVTT =+1.8A to -1.8A -1 +1 % BF_CUT = low 3 1.250 75 dB 3 A www.semtech.com SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Electrical Characteristics (Cont.) Unless specified: TA = 25oC,5VSBY = 5V. Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units 1.238 1.25 1.263 V GMCH Sw itcher GMCH Feedback Reference GMCH Feedback current VREF_GMCH VFB_GMCH = 1.25V IFB_GMCH IGMCH = 0A to 5A Load Regulation Oscillator Frequency Soft start current -2 fOSC VSS = 200mV ISS_GMCH uA 0.2 % 225 250 275 KHz 8 10 12 uA 75 80 % Maximum Duty Cycle Top Gate Rise Time TGR Gate capacitance = 2000pF 40 nS Top Gate Fall Time TGF Gate capacitance = 2000pF 40 nS Bottom Gate Rise Time BGR Gate capacitance = 2000pF 40 nS Bottom Gate Fall Time BGF Gate capacitance = 2000pF 40 nS Dead Time td 50 85 120 nS Error Amplifier Transconductance Gm 0.8 1 1.2 mS Error Amplifier Gain @ DC A EA 38 dB Error Amplifier Bandwidth GBW 1 MHz VFB_GMCH = 0 - 1.5V, COMP = 1V Error Amplifier Sink/Source Current Internal Ramp Peak - to - Peak VRAMP 60 75 90 0.55 uA V Ordering Information Pin Configuration Part Numbers Package SC2516MLTR(1) MLP-22 SC2516MLTRT(1),(2) MLP-22 Notes: (1) Only available in tape and reel packaging. A reel contains 3000 devices. (2) Lead free package. Device is fully WEEE and RoHS compliant. Note: Pin 23 is the thermal Pad on the bottom of the device © 2005 Semtech Corp. 4 www.semtech.com SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Pin Descriptions Pin # Pin Name 1 COMP Compensation pin for the PWM transconductance amplifier for the VDDQ Switcher. 2 FBVDDQ Feedback for the VDDQ regulator. Connect to the VDDQ sense at the point of load. 3 SS/EN 4 VTTGND VTT return. Connect to copper plane carrying VTT return current. The trace connecting to this pin must be able to carry 2 Amps. 5 VTT VTT Regulator output. Regulates to 1/2 VDDQ. Sources or sinks 1.8 Amps. The trace connecting to this pin must be able to carry 2 Amps. 6 VDDQ VDDQ power input to VTT LDO. The trace connecting to this pin must be able to carry 2 Amps. 7 AGND Analog ground. Compensation components and the Soft Start Capacitor connect to this ground. 8 VTTFB Sense input for the VTT regulator. Connect to Point of Load for the VTT rail. 9 REFSNS Sense input for the VDDQ rail. VTT will be regulated to 1/2 of its voltage. Connect to Point of Load, where the VREF for the memory is generated. 10 FB_GMCH Sense input for the GMCH. Connect to Point of Load for the GMCH rail. 11 SS_GMCH Soft start for GMCH switcher . Connect a capacitor to GND. 12 POK 13 GND_GMCH 14 BG_GMCH Bottom FET Gate drive for the GMCH regulator. 15 TG_GMCH Top FET Gate drive for the GMCH regulator. 16 BF_CUT 17 Pin Function Soft start capacitor to GND. Pull low to disable controller. Connect to power OK signal from ATX power. Gate Drive return Ground for the GMCH regulator. Connect to Source of bottom FET. Latched BF_CUT input from Glue Chip. COMP_GMCH Compensation pin for the PWM transconductance amplifier for the GMCH Switcher 18 5VSBY 19 BST The Top and Bottom Gate drive bus.Generated using bootstrap diode/capacitor. An additional diode is also required to trap the peak Bootstrap voltage for the BG drive. (see typical application circuit) 20 TG Top FET gate drive. 21 BG Bottom FET gate drive. 22 PGND 23 TH_PAD © 2005 Semtech Corp. Connect to 5VSTBY input. Gate drive return. Keep this pin close to bottom FET source. Copper pad on bottom of chip used for heatsinking. It must be connected to ground plane under IC. 5 www.semtech.com SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Block Diagram © 2005 Semtech Corp. 6 www.semtech.com SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Timing Diagram VCC_Rail ATX _POK BF_CUT SS/EN TG BG VDDQ VTT SS_GMCH TG_GMCH BG_GMCH GMCH S5 © 2005 Semtech Corp. S0 S3 7 S0 S5 www.semtech.com SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Application information Description The SEMTECH SC2516 DDR power supply controller is the latest and most complete, Three in One switching and linear regulator controller, providing the necessary functions to comply with S3 and S5 sleep state signals generated by the Desktop Computer Motherboards. The SC2516 uses the Latched BF_CUT input signal which is generated externally on IntelR P4 Motherboard glue chip to comply with the power sequencing requirements. Logically, the BF_CUT signal can be represented as: Short Circuit Protection Short circuit protection is implemented by sensing the VDDQ output voltage. If it falls to 75% (typical) of its nominal voltage, as sensed by the FB pin, the TG and BG pins are latched off and the VDDQ switcher is shutdown. It will shutdown the VTT also, since the VTT regulator is fed from the VDDQ bus. To recover from the short circuit protection mode, either the 5VSBY rail has to be recycled, or the SS/EN pin must be pulled below 0.3V and released to restart VDDQ switcher operation. BF _ CUT = S 3 • P _ OK GMCH Power Section The SC2516 Switching controller supplies a 1.5V or 1. 25V GMCH (Graphic Memory Control Hub) voltage via a standard synchronous BUCK converter typically connected to the 5VCC or 3.3VCC power rail from Silverbox supply. Base on the basic advantage of switching mode controller, The GMCH output current can support up to 20A. (For details of the Latched BF_CUT signal definition, refer to Intel documentation). Where S3 is the input to the Silver-box Supply for Suspend to RAM, (S3=1 for Suspend to RAM) and P_OK is a signal generated by the Silver-box supply, indicating that all rails are within specification. S3 and S5 States During S3 and S5 sleep states, The operation of the VDDQ and VTT is governed by the intelR specifications with regards to the BF_CUT signal. The timing diagram demonstrates the state of the controller and each of the VDDQ, VTT and GMCH supplies during S3 and S5 transitions VDDQ Power Section SC2516 architecture eliminates the need for the BackFeed Cut MOSFET, since the VDDQ is always supplied from the same input voltage bus (5V dual). The SC2516 is capable of driving a 4000pf capacitor in 25ns (typical, top gate). This drive capability allows 15-20A DC load on the VDDQ supply from the 5V main input rail. Power Sequencing Once BF_CUT signal low and P_OK signal goes high, The VDDQ supply will be activated with S0 as well. The SS/ EN pin voltage is charged by internal constant current source. When SS/EN voltage reaches to 0.3V (typical), High side driver begins chopping and main power is activated as an asynchronous Buck converter. When SS/ EN voltage reaches to 1.25V (typical), Low side driver begins chopping and main power is activated as a synchronous Buck converter. When BF_CUT signal goes high (S3 state), the VDDQ switcher is always on and is sourced by 5VSTBY rail during this time. When both BF_CUT and P_OK signals are low, The VDDQ supply be disabled with S5 as well. Both high side and low side drivers are pulled low. © 2005 Semtech Corp. Power Sequencing Since the Chip-Set supply should come up before the Active Memory cycle, the GMCH supply is sequenced with the rising edge of the P_OK signal from Sliver-box supply. Thus the GMCH regulator drivers are on when P_OK signal is greater than its respective threshold. The external MOSFET gates are pulled low when P_OK signal is lower than its threshold. Thus the GMCH is disabled during S3 and S5 (See timing diagram). VTT Rail The VTT termination voltage is supplied via an internal sink/source linear regulator when BF_CUT is low, and the P_OK signal has met its threshold voltage and SS/ EN voltage reaches to 1V. When BF_CUT is high, the VTT termination voltage is not needed and is thus tri-stated. The VTT linear regulator is capable of sourcing and sinking 1.8 Amps (Minimum). It is recommended that one should use at least 470uF low ESR capacitor and 1uF ceramic capacitor (from VTT pin to Ground with short distance) to ensure the stable operation. Short Circuit Protection The VTT regulator has two internal current limit circuits, one for the sink and one for the source regulators. Both current limits are set at 3Amp (typical). If maintained at current limit, the internal regulators act like constant current sources, and supply the max current until the device temperature raises above thermal shutdown thresholds, at which point that regulator shuts down. 8 www.semtech.com SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Applications Information (Cont.) The task here is to properly choose the compensation network for a nicely shaped loop-gain Bode plot. The following design procedures are recommended to accomplish the goal: Gpwm L EA R1 R Vbg 1.25Vdc (1) Calculate the corner frequency of the output filter: Rc Vin Ro Co C F o := R2 F esr := Compensation design of the VDDQ Channel The control model of SC2516 VDDQ and GMCH section can be depicted in Fig. 1. This model can also be used in Spice kind of simulator to generate loop gain Bode plots. The bandgap reference is 1.25 V and trimmed to +/-1% accuracy. The desired output voltage can be achieved by setting the resistive divider network, R1 and R2. F esr < 0.001⋅ A V F x_over ≤ V ramp 1 s. R c. C o s. R c. C o L Ro 2 s . L. C o . 1 F sw 5 If the transient specification is not stringent, it is better to choose a crossover frequency that is less than one tenth of the switching frequency for good noise immunity. The resistor in the compensation network can then be calculated as: The total control loop-gain can then be derived as follows: Rc ⎛ F esr ⎞ R := ⋅⎜ G pwm ⋅ V in⋅ G m ⎝ F o ⎠ 1 Ro where ⎛ V bg ⎞ 2 ⎛ F x_over ⎞ ⎛ V o ⎞ ⋅⎜ ⎝ F esr ⎠ ⎝ V bg ⎠ ⋅⎜ when T o := G m⋅ G pwm ⋅ V in⋅ R ⋅ ⎜ ⎝ Vo ⎠ © 2005 Semtech Corp. 5 (4) Choose the loop gain cross over frequency (0 dB frequency). It is recommended that the crossover frequency is always less than one fifth of the switching frequency : where the ramp amplitude (peak-to-peak) is 0.55 volts . 1 F sw 1 G pwm s . R. C . . s R. C 2⋅ π⋅ R c⋅ C o If this condition is not met, the compensation structure may not provide loop stability. The solution is to add some electrolytic capacitors to the output capacitor bank to correct the output filter corner frequency and the ESR zero frequency. In some cases, the filter inductance may also need to be adjusted to shift the filter corner frequency. It is not recommended to use only high frequency multi-layer ceramic capacitors for output filter. The compensation network includes a resistor and a capacitor in series, which terminates from the output of the error amplifier to the ground. The PWM gain is inversion of the ramp amplitude, and this gain is given by: 1 1 (3) Check that the ESR zero frequency is not too high. The error amplifier is transconductance type with fixed gain of: T( s ) T o . 2⋅ π⋅ L⋅ C o (2) Calculate the ESR zero frequency of the output filter capacitor: Fig. 1. SC2516 small signal model. G m := 1 F o < F esr < F x_over 9 www.semtech.com SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Applications Information (Cont.) Step 1. Output filter corner frequency or R := Fo = 1.6 KHz 2 1 G pwm ⋅ V in⋅ G m ⎛ F o ⎞ ⎛ F x_over ⎞ ⎛ V o ⎞ ⋅⎜ ⋅⎜ ⎝ F esr ⎠ ⎝ F o ⎠ ⎝ V bg ⎠ ⋅⎜ Step 2. ESR zero frequency: Fesr = 3.537 KHz when F esr < F o < F x_over (5) The compensation capacitor is determined by choosing the compensator zero to be about one fifth of the output filter corner frequency: F zero C F o Vo := 2.5⋅ V Io := 20⋅ A Fsw := 250⋅ KHz L := 2.2⋅ µH Co := 4500⋅ µF Rc := 0.01⋅ Ω Vbg := 1.25⋅ V Vramp := 0.55⋅ V Gm := © 2005 Semtech Corp. 0.001⋅ A V F sw 5 Which is satisfied in this case. Fx_over = 50 KHz zero (6) The final step is to generate the Bode plot, either by using the simulation model in Fig. 1 or using the equations provided here with Mathcad. The phase margin can then be checked using the Bode plot. Usually, this design procedure ensures a healthy phase margin. (7) An additional capacitor should be reserved at the compensation pin to ground to have another high frequency pole. An example is given below to demonstrate the procedure introduced above. The parameters of the power supply (typical for VDDQ section) are given as : Vin := 5⋅ V F esr < Step 4. Choose crossover frequency and calculate compensator R: 5 1 . . . 2 π R F Step 3. Check the following condition: R = 15 KΩ Step 5. Calculate the compensator C: C = 33 nF Step 6. Generate Bode plot and check the phase margin. In this case, the phase margin is about 85oC that ensures the loop stability. Fig. 2 shows the Bode plot of the loop. Compensation design of the GMCH Channel The configuration of the PWM comparator of GMCH channel is such that its inverter input is connected to Comp_GMCH and the non-inverter input is connected to the internal ramp. The peak voltage of the internal ramp is 1.1V and the valley voltage is 0.55V. When COMP_GMCH voltage is below 0.55V, the maximum duty cycle will be generated by PWM comparator. If COMP_GMCH voltage is over 1.1V then the minimum duty cycle will be generated. To ensure proper soft start function of the GMCH channel, COMP_GMCH voltage must rise above 1.1V at the beginning of soft start period quickly. So a higher compensation gain is required. The following example shows that by choosing the compensation parameters as 15kOhm and 27nF for a typical output filter with 1~2uH inductor and 2000uF capacitor (ESR of 8~12 mOhm), the circuit will yield smooth soft start, stable control loop, and satisfactory transient response. The measured Bode plot of the loop gain is shown in Figure 3. 10 www.semtech.com SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Applications Information (Cont.) Loop Gain Mag (dB) 100 mag 50 ( i) 0 50 10 100 3 1 . 10 4 1 . 10 5 1 . 10 6 1 . 10 5 1 . 10 6 1 . 10 Fi Loop Gain Phase (Degree) 0 45 phase ( i) 90 135 180 10 100 3 1 . 10 4 1 . 10 Fi Fig. 2. Bode plot of the VDDQ Channel Fig. 3. Bode plot of the GMCH Channel © 2005 Semtech Corp. 11 www.semtech.com SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Typical application Schematic FBVDDQ SS/EN VTT C6 100n C4 33n C15 1uF C1 100p 15K 1 2 3 4 6 5 VDDQ 7 C21 22nF 11 10 9 8 C16 1uF R1 VDDQ C18 1uF FB_GMCH U1 FBVDDQ TG BG PGND SS/EN BST COMP VTTGND AGND VDDQ TG_GMCH BF_CUT COMP_GMCH 5VSBY VTTFB BG_GMCH VTT REFSENS FB_GMCH SS_GMCH GND_GMCH POK SC2516 C5 2.2nF R2 2R2 22 21 Latched BF_CUT C17 non pop. 27nF 5VSBY 2R2 C9 R3 R5 15K 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 ATXPWR_OK D2 12VCC D1 R7 2R2 2R2 C8 1uF D3 1N4148 1N 4148 C13 1uF 1N 4148 R9 C7 Q1 5Vdual 1uF 3VCC Q3 Q4 Q2 L1 L2 C2 C3 C20 1.5uH C19 1.5uH C10 C23 C11 C12 VDDQ R4 1k R6 1k FBVDDQ R10 FB_GMCH 1K R8 200R 1.5V GMCH C22 1500uF 1500uF 1500uF www.semtech.com 12 © 2005 Semtech Corp. 1500uF 1000uF 1500uF 1000uF 4.7uF 4.7uF IP D 09N 03 IP D 09N 03 IP D 09N 03 IP D 09N 03 T H _PAD 23 C14 470uF SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Application Schematic for Intel Broadwater platform FBVDDQ SS/EN 0.9VTT C6 100n C4 33n C15 1uF C1 100p 15K 1 2 3 4 6 5 VDDQ 7 C21 22nF 11 10 9 8 C16 1uF R1 VDDQ C18 1uF FB_GMCH U2 FBVDDQ TG BG PGND SS/EN BST COMP VTTGND VDDQ BF_CUT COMP_GMCH 5VSBY AGND TG_GMCH VTT VTTFB BG_GMCH POK GND_GMCH REFSENS FB_GMCH SS_GMCH SC2516 C5 2.2nF R2 2R2 22 21 Latched BF_CUT C17 non pop. 27nF 5VSBY 2R2 C9 R3 R5 15K 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 ATXPWR_OK D2 12VCC D1 R7 2R2 2R2 C8 1uF D3 1N4148 1N 4148 C13 1uF 1N 4148 R9 C7 5Vdual Q1 1uF Q2 3VCC Q3 Q4 L1 L2 C2 C3 C20 1.2uH C19 1.2uH C10 C23 C11 C24 C12 C25 C26 C21 1.8VDDQ R4 442R FBVDDQ R6 1k FB_GMCH R10 non. pop. R8 0R 1.25V GMCH C22 10uF 1500uF 1500uF www.semtech.com 13 © 2005 Semtech Corp. 10uF 10uF 1500uF 10uF 1500uF 2200uF 1500uF 2200uF 4 .7u F 4.7uF IP D 05N 03LA IP D 05N 03LA IP D 05N 03LA IP D 05 N 03LA T H _PAD 23 C14 470uF SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Outline Drawing - MLP-22 © 2005 Semtech Corp. 14 www.semtech.com SC2516 POWER MANAGEMENT Land Pattern- MLP-22 Contact Information Semtech Corporation Power Management Products Division 200 Flynn Road, Camarillo, CA 93012 Phone: (805)498-2111 FAX (805)498-3804 © 2005 Semtech Corp. 15 www.semtech.com