HIGH VOLTAGE POWER OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS PA81J • PA82J SERIES HTTP://WWW.APEXMICROTECH.COM M I C R O T E C H N O L O G Y (800) 546-APEX (800) 546-2739 FEATURES • HIGH VOLTAGE OPERATION — ±150V (PA82J) • HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT — ±30mA (PA81J) • LOW BIAS CURRENT, LOW NOISE — FET Input APPLICATIONS • HIGH IMPEDANCE BUFFERS UP TO ±140V • ELECTROSTATIC TRANSDUCER & DEFLECTION • PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLIES TO ±145V • BIOCHEMISTRY STIMULATORS • COMPUTER TO VACUUM TUBE INTERFACE 70K +75V .47 ±1mA DESCRIPTION The PA80 series of high voltage operation amplifiers provides an extremely wide range of supply capability with two overlapping products. High accuracy is achieved with a cascode input circuit configuration. All internal biasing is referenced to a zener diode. As a result, these models offer outstanding common mode and power supply rejection. The output stage operates in the class A/B mode for best linearity. Internal phase compensation assures stability at all gain settings without external components. Fixed internal current limits protect these amplifiers against a short circuit to common at most supply voltages. For sustained high energy flyback, external fast recovery diodes should be used. However, a heatsink may be necessary to maintain the proper case temperature under normal operating conditions. This hybrid circuit utilizes thick film resistors, ceramic capacitors and silicon semiconductors to maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable interconnections at all operating temperatures. The 8-pin TO-3 package (see Package Outlines) is hermetically sealed and isolated from the internal circuits. The use of compressible thermal washers voids the warranty. EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS D/A ±70V PA81J .47 –75V HIGH VOLTAGE PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLY TYPICAL APPLICATION The PA81 and 70K ohm resistor form a current to voltage converter, accepting ±1mA from a 12 bit current output digital to analog converter. The power op amp contribution to the error budget is insignificant. At a case temperature of 70°C, the combination of voltage offset and bias errors amounts to less than 31ppm of full scale range. Incorporation of the optional offset trim can further reduce these errors to under 9ppm. EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC 4 2 C1 D1 BAL BAL 3 +VS 3 Q3 1 Q4 OUTPUT Q5 4 5 +IN Q8 6 C5 8 7 C3 C2 TOP VIEW –IN Q2 Q1 2 N.C. –VS Q6 Q9 C4 Q7 Q11 Q12B 1 Q12A 5 Q13 Q14 NOTE: Input offset trimpot optional. Recommended value of 100KΩ . 6 Q16 Q17 Q15 C6 D2 7 APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SPECIFICATIONS PA81J • PA82J ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +VS to –VS OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA POWER DISSIPATION, internal INPUT VOLTAGE, differential INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10 sec TEMPERATURE, junction TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case SPECIFICATIONS PARAMETER PA81J PA82J 200V 300V Internally Limited 11.5W 11.5W ±150V ±300V ±VS ±VS 300°C 300°C 150°C 150°C –65 to +125°C –65 to +125°C –55 to +125°C –55 to +125°C PA81J TEST CONDITIONS 2 MIN PA82J TYP MAX ±1.5 10 20 75 5 .2 2.5 1011 10 ±3 25 MIN TYP MAX UNITS * * * * * * * * * * * * mV µV/°C µV/V µV/√kh pA pA/V pA Ω pF V dB 118 * 30 * dB MHz kHz ° 25 * * * V mA mA µs V/µs nF INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. time BIAS CURRENT, initial BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply OFFSET CURRENT, initial INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC INPUT CAPACITANCE COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE2 COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC TC = 25°C Full temperature range TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C Full temperature range VCM = ±20V ±VS–10 50 50 * * * 110 GAIN OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz UNITY GAIN BANDWIDTH POWER BANDWIDTH PHASE MARGIN Full load TC = 25°C TC = 25°C, full load Full temperature range 94 116 5 60 45 100 OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING2 CURRENT, peak CURRENT, limit SETTLING TIME to .1% SLEW RATE4 CAPACITIVE LOAD TC = 25°C, IPK TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C, 10V step TC = 25°C AV = 1 ±VS–5 30 * 15 50 12 20 10 POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE CURRENT, quiescent Full temperature range TC = 25°C ±32 ±75 6.5 ±75 8.5 ±70 ±150 6.5 ±150 8.5 V mA THERMAL RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case3 RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case3 RESISTANCE, junction to air TEMPERATURE RANGE, shutdown TEMPERATURE RANGE, case NOTES: * 1. 2. 3. 4. CAUTION F > 60Hz F < 60Hz Full temperature range Meets full range specification 6 9 30 150 0 * * * * 10 70 * * * °C/W °C/W °C/W °C °C The specification of PA82J is identical to the specification for PA81J in applicable column to the left. The power supply voltage for all specifications is the TYP rating unless noted as a test condition. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Total VS is measured from +VS to –VS. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz. On the PA81J and PA82J, signal slew rates at pins 5 and 6 must be limited to less than 1V/ns to avoid damage. When faster waveforms are unavoidable, resistors in series with those pins, limiting current to 150mA will protect the amplifier from damage. The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes. APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739 PA81J • PA82J CURRENT LIMIT 4 T = TA 2 0 0 25 50 75 100 TEMPERATURE, TC (°C) 125 70 60 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 CASE TEMPERATURE, TC (°C) –30 80 –60 PHASE, Φ (°) 100 60 40 0 –180 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) PA81J RL = 2K Ω 40VRMS .1 .03 PA82J RL = 10K Ω 100VRMS .01 100 300 120 100 PA 80 81 J/P A8 60 2J 40 20 0 1 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 4 1 .25 .06 –15 45 85 105 5 25 65 CASE TEMPERATURE, TC (°C) 0.9 C 5° +2 0.8 TO + °C 85 C 5° –2 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 POWER SUPPLY (% OF MAX) POWER SUPPLY REJECTION 140 120 100 80 +VS 60 –VS 40 20 0 1 POWER RESPONSE 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) PA82J 200 100 PA81J 60 30 15 25K 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 1.0 0.7 40 1K 3K 10K 30K 100K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) COMMON MODE REJECTION 16 SLEW RATE NORMALIZED SLEW RATE .3 140 1 HARM0NIC DISTORTION 1 .003 –210 64 300 –120 –150 1 PHASE RESPONSE –90 20 3 DISTORTION (%) 80 0 –20 COMMOM MODE REJECTION, CMR (dB) 90 120 POWER SUPPLY REJECTION, PSR (dB) OPEN LOOP GAIN, A (dB) SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE 100 OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (VPP ) 6 110 INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE, VN (nV/ √ Hz) 8 120 BIAS CURRENT 256 COMMON MODE VOLTAGE, VCM (VPP) T = TC 10 130 NORMALIZED BIAS CURRENT, IB (X) POWER DERATING 12 NORMALIZED CURRENT LIMIT, (%) INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P(W) TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS 50K .1M .15M .25M.35M.5M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) INPUT NOISE 20 10 6 4 2 10 300 200 100 1K 10K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) .1M COMMON MODE VOLTAGE PA82J 100 PA81J 60 30 15 10K 20K 50K .1M .2M .5M 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS PA81J • PA82J GENERAL Please read Application Note 1 , which covers stability, supplies, heatsinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Additional information can be found in the application notes. For information on the package outline, heatsinks, and mounting hardware, consult the “Accessory and Package Mechanical Data” section of the handbook. SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA) For the PA80J and PA81J, the combination of voltage capability and internal current limits mandate that the devices are safe for all combinations of supply voltage and load. On the PA82J, any load combination is safe up to a total supply of 250 volts. When total supply voltage equals 300 volts, the device will be safe if the output current is limited to 10 milliamps or less. This means that the PA82J used on supplies up to 125 volts will sustain a short to common or either supply without danger. When using supplies above ±125 volts, a short to one of the supplies will be potentially destructive. When using single supply above 250 volts, a short to common will be potentially destructive. Safe supply voltages do not imply disregard for heatsinking. The thermal calculations and the use of a heatsink are required in many applications to maintain the case temperature within the specified operating range of 0 to 70°C. Exceeding this case temperature range can result in an inoperative circuit due to excessive input errors or activation of the thermal shutdown. +VS FIGURE 2. PROTECTION, INDUCTIVE LOAD SINGLE SUPPLY OPERATION These amplifiers are suitable for operation from a single supply voltage. The operating requirements do however, impose the limitation that the input voltages do not approach closer than 10 volts to either supply rail. This is due to the operating voltage requirements of the current sources, the half-dynamic loads and the cascode stage. Refer to the simplified schematics.Thus, single supply operation requires the input signals to be biased at least 10 volts from either supply rail. Figure 3 illustrates one bias technique to achieve this. 50K 2.5K +210V +210V 50K 2.5/10V 2.5K +210V 50K PA82J +50/+200V D/A 50K FIGURE 3. TRUE SINGLE SUPPLY OPERATION Figure 4 illustrates a very common deviation from true single supply operation. The availibility of two supplies still allows ground (common) referenced signals, but also maximizes the high voltage capability of the unipolar output. This technique can utilize an existing low voltage system power supply and does not place large current demands on that supply. The 12 volt supply in this case must supply only the quiescent current of the PA81J, which is 8.5mA maximum. If the load is reactive or EMF producing, the low voltage supply must also be able to absorb the reverse currents generated by the load. 50K –VS +12V 0/5V INDUCTIVE LOADS Two external diodes as shown in Figure 2, are required to protect these amplifiers against flyback (kickback) pulses exceeding the supply voltage of the amplifier when driving inductive loads. For component selection, these external diodes must be very quick, such as ultra fast recovery diodes with no more than 200 nanoseconds of reverse recovery time. Be sure the diode voltage rating is greater than the total of both supplies. The diode will turn on to divert the flyback energy into the supply rails thus protecting the output transistors from destruction due to reverse bias. A note of caution about the supply. The energy of the flyback pulse must be absorbed by the power supply. As a result, a transient will be superimposed on the supply voltage, the magnitude of the transient being a function of its transient impedance and current sinking capability. If the supply voltage plus transient exceeds the maximum supply rating, or if the AC impedance of the supply is unknown, it is best to clamp the output and the supply with a zener diode to absorb the transient. D/A 2K PA81J 0/–125V FIGURE 4. NON-SYMMETRIC SUPPLIES –130V This data sheet has been carefully checked and is believed be reliable, however, no responsibility assumed forARIZONA possible inaccuracies All specifications are subject to change without notice. APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • to 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD •isTUCSON, 85741 •or omissions. USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739 PA81, 82U REV. G JANUARY 2000 © 2000 Apex Microtechnology Corp.