CXA3050M NICAM and SMATV RF MODULATOR/PLL Description Fully synthesized I2C controlled UHF/VHF TV RF Modulator compatible with PAL and NTSC video formats. 24 pin SOP (Plastic) Features • Minimal adjustment of external components • For use on VHF and UHF TV Frequencies • Video RF carrier frequency programmable in 125kHz steps • Accepts NICAM 6.552MHz QPSK input signal • Accepts FM Stereo input signal • I2C control of: a. Video RF Carrier Frequency b. Sound Carrier Frequency c. Modulation Depth (±2% Typ.) d. FM Deviation (±8% Typ.) e. P/S ratio (±1dB Typ.) f. Nicam output enable to sleep g. Video RF carrier enable to sleep • On chip Regulator 3.1V Structure Bipolar silicon monolithic IC Applications • PAL and NTSC System VCR • Satellite Receiver • Set Top Box • SMATV Recommended Operating Voltages (Ta = 25°C) • Supply voltage VCC 5.0 ± 0.5 V • Supply for VCO Varactor 30 ± 0.5 V • Operating Temperature –10 to +80 °C RF-OUT Analog GND NICAM-in Analog VCC OSC VCC OSC4 OSC3 OSC2 OSC1 OSC GND PDout EF Block Diagram 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 NICAM MIXER AMP AMP VCO VIDEO MIXER PLL AMP TPSG W/C-CLAMP FM-OSC PLL I2C-Interface PLL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Vreg Mod-adj Audio-in FM-Tank Audio-Loop filter Digital GND Xtal Digital-VCC SCL SDA NC OSC Video-in REG Sony reserves the right to change products and specifications without prior notice. This information does not convey any license by any implication or otherwise under any patents or other right. Application circuits shown, if any, are typical examples illustrating the operation of the devices. Sony cannot assume responsibility for any problems arising out of the use of these circuits. –1– E96331A66-ST –2– SCL SDA Video in Modulation depth Audio in PAL Audio in NTSC B I2C Video clamp 4MHz Switch Multi-standard RF Modulator Memory Latch CCT video limiter 62.5kHz Amp B Modulation depth FM Mod PLL Audio Loop Audio Filter Tank Fig. 1 V Reg Regulator divide M divide 8 P/S control Buffer ×2 Mixer and Adder NICAM Mixer Phase detector SMATV Nicam in B A 62.5kHz 250kHz divide 25 RF Amp Analog VCC Ground 4MHz OSC Loop Filter OSC Digital VCC Digital Ground 4MHz XTAL B Loop filter A D C B A RF Output CXA3050M CXA3050M Functional Description of RF Modulator System A block diagram of the RF modulator is shown in Fig. 1. The composite video signal passes through an amplitude limiting circuit and a digitally controlled modulation depth adjustment circuit. By means of three allocated I2C control bits it is possible to adjust the modulation depth from a nominal 74% to 86% in 2.0% steps. Modulation depth can also be controlled externally by addition of an external resistor on pin3. The video signal is then passed through to the mixer. In the mixer stage, both the video composite signal and FM sound carrier amplitude modulate the RF carrier from the UHF OSC, and the issuing signal is fed to the output via an RF amplifier. The audio signals enter the chip via pin4. The FM Voltage Controlled Oscillator is band-switched to the approximate centre frequencies of the four sound carrier frequencies 4.5MHz (NTSC) or 5.5, 6.0, 6.5MHz (PAL). The required correct audio carrier frequency is fine tuned by the adjustment of fsound via I2C, where upon the FM phase locked loop will lock the VCO onto the exact centre frequency. Minimum distortion of the FM signal occurs when the centre frequency of the oscillator coincides with a mid-rail control voltage (to 2.0V). Hence fine adjustment capacitors are also integrated on the chip, which tag into account any capacitance variations from one batch to another. This is achieved by fine adjustment of Delta fsound via I2C control. The design of the FM modulator eliminates the need for an external varactor. The amplitude of the FM signal is varied via I2C by a digitally controlled logarithmic gain stage, which controls the picture to sound power ratio (P/S). This signal is then fed into the RF amp. Hence at the RF output the P/S ratio can be programmed in 1dB steps between the range 10dB and 17dB (see Electrical Characteristics). Audio sensitivity can be programmed in 8% steps between the range –32% and +24%. The UHF is phase locked to the reference frequency by means of the UHF phase locked loop. The VCO output passes through a prescaler (≈8) followed by an I2C controlled programmable divider (≈M), and then phase compared with that of a reference signal at 15.625kHz. The reference signal is derived from a 4MHz crystal oscillator feeding a –256 divider. The UHF oscillator covers the frequency range 471MHz to 855MHz in frequency steps of 125kHz. This is adequate for the UHF NTSC and PAL TV channels (471.25MHz (CH21) to 855.25MHz (CH69)). By adjustment of the external components around the oscillator and some adjustment to output matching the RF modulator can also achieve range of frequencies in the VHF range. The Nicam input (pin 22) accepts the 6.522MHz Nicam signal subcarrier QPSK at 728K bits/s data. This is then buffered and feed into a separate mixer (controlled via VCO). This then feeds to the RF amp with the composite video and audio. The I2C control will switch the Nicam signal output off or on. –3– CXA3050M I2C Interface Data Format Modulator Address 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 R/W ask Data 1 PD ADJ1 ADJ0 S1 S0 over mod X X ask Data 2 M12 M11 M10 M9 M8 M7 M6 M5 ask Data 3 M4 M3 M2 M1 M0 MD2 MD1 MD0 ask Data 4 X NIC FM2 FM1 FM0 PS2 PS1 PS0 ask Sound Carrier Course Adjust S1 S0 Sound Carrier Frequency TV System (Pre-emphasis) 0 0 4.5MHz NTSC 0 1 5.5MHz PAL 1 0 6.0MHz PAL 1 1 6.5MHz PAL Sound Carrier Fine Adjust ADJ1 ADJ0 df Adjust on chip capacitance 0 0 –f 6.4pF 0 1 Normal 3.2pF 1 0 +f 1.6pF 1 1 +f 0 PD RF Power on (RF Amp & OSC) OVM Over Modulation Test M12–MO Main divider control data S1–S0 Sound carrier frequency selection ADJ1–ADJ0 Sound carrier frequency adjust (0 to 6.4RF) MD2–MD0 Modulation Depth PS2–PS0 Picture/Sound control FM FM deviation adjust NIC Nicam Enable M12 MO Main UHF PLL Divider MSB LSB 8191 to 2 Video Carrier frequency calculated from = 125 (M + 2) kHz –4– 1 bit 1 bit 13 bits 2 bits 2 bits 3 bits 3 bits 3 bits 1 bit CXA3050M Software Application Notes The minimum requirement to drive the CXA3050 and I2C bus drive is a 386/486 with 4M bytes hard disk space, 16MHz clock speed and running DOS5.00 or above. Insert the disc into the drive and type TESTS and at the prompt type iic. At this there should appear a single list of user friendly functional tests that can be changed by keyboard manipulation. As an aid the test list is written below. Note Page up increments the status, page down decrements the status. Function RF Output Power Delta Sound Fsound Frequency mode Nominal Status 1/0 Comments Turns RF Amp, OSC on/off 1 Fine tune audio carrier 0 Course adjust for 4.5MHz (0) 5.5MHz (1) 6.0MHz (2) 6.5MHz (3) 2 to 8191 Check listing on page 10 for frequency to hex conversation Mod depth 4 Ranges mod depth from 72% to 86%, 80% (4) FM Deviation 4 Sensitivity adjustable P/S Ratio 4 Programmable in 8 steps of 1dB Nicam on/off 1/0 Nicam Mixer on Over Mod on/off 1/0 Increase Video modulation ratio –5– CXA3050M Pin Description Pin No. Reference Pin Voltage Typical DC Equivalent circuit Description Vcc 1 Video-in 2.5V Video input 1 Vcc 2 Vreg 3.1V Chip voltage supply regulator 2 MIXER 3 Mod-Adj 2.5V 4 Audio-in 10mA FMOSC External Adjust Mod depth. 3 Audio input 4 5 5 FM-Tank Sound Carrier oscillator tank 4.0V –6– CXA3050M Pin No. Reference Pin Voltage Typical DC Equivalent circuit Description Vcc 6 AudioLoop filter 2.02V Sound Carrier FM tank loop filter. See page 2 for set up note 6 Vcc 8 Xtal 4MHz input crystal frequency 1.5V 8 10 SCL 5/0 V 11 SDA 5/0 V 13 EF 0.7V I2C Clocking signal input 10 11 I2C Data signal input 13 Charge pump output –7– CXA3050M Pin No. Reference 14 PDout 15 OSC GND 16 OSC1 2.5V 17 OSC2 1.7V 18 OSC3 1.7V 19 OSC4 2.5V 20 OSC VCC Pin Voltage Typical DC Equivalent circuit Description 14 Phase detector output 2.1V 0V 5V VCO Ground 20 UHF OSC 15 19 18 17 Oscillator supply Voltage 5V 16 22 22 Nicam-in NICAM or FM carrier input 2V MIXER 24 24 RF-OUT 3.4V RF output. Must be terminated with 75Ω. Application Circuit Notes 1. RF output pin 24 should be connected to a 75Ω load in oder to measure accurate input level. Also note pin 24 has 2.7kΩ to GND. The output is measured using a spectrum analyzer. 2. After turning the device on, tune the variable inductor FM Tank so at the 6.5MHz setting (set by I2C control) the voltage on pin 6 should read 2.02V. Set Fsound = 3 Delta Fsound = 1 –8– CXA3050M Specifications Parameter New Specification Operating temperature range –10 to 80°C Modulation Index 77.5 to 90% Diff. Gain 80 to 87.5% modulation ±6.5% Diff. Gain 80 to 87.5% modulation ±6.5 degree Deviation range (audio) ±10kHz to ±100kHz NICAM input level 79dBµV NICAM input resistance 1kΩ Picture/sound ratio adj 1dB × 7steps Video modulation adj 2% × 7steps Audio FM sensitivity 8% × 7steps Picture/Sound ratio 1dB × 7steps Inter carrier accuracy ±1kHz Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit Analog 40 50 61.3 mA digital 20 25 30.6 mA OSC 9.6 12 14.6 mA DC Supply operating range 4.5 5.0 7 Vdc Operating temperature range –10 75 °C Current consumption Full operation VCC = 5.0V Condition Input level Output level 79 Conversion, Loss = 30dB Input resistance –20 –22 dBµV –24 1 10e–9 Bit error rate KΩ 10e–6 10 Eye-height degradation –9– dBc % CXA3050M RF Characteristics Parameter Condition Min. Output impedance Typ. Max. Ω 75 Output return loss –7 RF Output level 700MHz 75Ω termination RF Frequency respone Using attached application Unit dB 79 ±2.5 dBµV ±1 dB Picture/Sound ratio 10 17 dBc VHF1 Frequency range 50 120 MHz VHF2 Frequency range 170 230 MHz UHF Frequency range 1 470 860 MHz 670 800 MHz ±50 kHz UHF Frequency range 2 Using attached application RF Accuracy Inter-carrier frequency range 4.5, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5 4.5 6.5 MHz Inter-carrier accuracy 4.5, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5 0 ±1 kHz RF Carrier phase noise 10kHz offset frequency –84.7 –80 dBc/Hz Sound carrier phase noise 10kHz offset frequency –84.7 –80 dBc/Hz –60 dB –78 –65 dBc –63 –60 dB RF Harmonics –15 dBc Sub-carrier harmonics –60 dBc NICAM Beat –65 dBc –55 dBc –65 dBc Hum modulation Chroma beat C/N Ratio Reference spurious frequency. 1/2 Video band offset –60 15.625kHz Spurious output level – 10 – CXA3050M Video Characteristics Parameter Condition Input resistance Input voltage 30 100 KΩ 0.55 Vp-p % Modulation Clipping 7 steps Modulation flatness Band Limited (46CH to 60CH) Modulation 0.55p-p input (mod Adja) Modulation stability by temperature mp (Ta = –10 to 80°C) –mp (Ta = 25°C) Unit Typ. 80% Modulation I2C control index Max. Min. 2 73 80 97 % ±0.4 % ±1.4 % 87 % ±3 % Field time distortion 0 0.5 2 IRE Line time distortion 0 0.5 2 IRE –60 dB 2 % ±0.5 dB Max. Unit S/N Weighted K Factor With 2T pulse Video frequency response Per standard 0 Audio Characteristics Parameter Input voltage Condition Min. Typ. 0.1 Vp-p Input resistance 20 KΩ Deviation range ±10 Audio distribution Deviation sensitivity @50kHz, Deviation 0 4.5MHz ±100 kHz ±15 % System M 4.5MHz ± 25kHz = 100% = 0dB 0.5 kHz/mV System B/G 5.5MHz ± 50kHz = 100% = 0dB 0.33 kHz/mV System I 6MHz ± 50kHz = 100% = 0dB 0.404 kHz/mV System D/K 6.5MHz ± 50kHz = 100% = 0dB 0.404 kHz/mV Audio SNR Quasi-Parallel, Detection Harmonic distortion 50 to 100%, Deviation Frequency response 50 to 15kHz FM Hum and noise 25 to 75kHz, Deviation –1 – 11 – –60 dB 1 % +1 dB ±5 kHz L1 17µH C3 22pF 2 VIDEO VIDEO C2 0.33µF VREG 1 C4 22µF 3 C8 330pF R5 180k C9 22pF AUDIO 4 C15 22nF GND 8 VCC 4MHz-Xtal 9 SCL C20 0.1µF 10 SDA 11 12 R12 300 C28 1nF C26 1nF +30V R14 200 R15 2k R16 56k R13 200 P1 C27 20pF GND Application circuits shown are typical examples illustrating the operation of the devices. Sony cannot assume responsibility for any problems arising out of the use of these circuits or for any infringement of third party patent and other right due to same. C12 47µF R7 240 7 6 TANK 5 C17 27pF RFOUT R3 100k 13 14 15 A-GND Q1 16 R11 20k C24 0.01µF C22 1nF 17 C19 220pF 18 C18 6pF L2 25nH C21 1nF 19 C16 2pF R10 330 C25 1nF C23 0.047µF 20 C14 6pF 1T363 GND 21 C10 0.01µF C13 220pF C11 22pF R8 20k R9 20k 22 R4 22k R6 10 VCC OSC NICAM-IN 23 C5 1nF C6 22pF VCC Analog C7 1nF ANALOG-V 24 R1 2.7k R2 75 NICAM OSC-VCC ALF – 12 – D-GND C1 22pF GND OSC4 MOD-ADJ VCO3 AUDIO OSC2 XTAL OSC1 D-VCC OSC-GND SCL PDOUT SDA EF NC RF OUT Application Circuit 1 CXA3050M C3 22pF 2 VIDEO VIDEO C2 0.33µF VREG 1 C4 22µF 3 C8 330pF R5 180k C10 22pF AUDIO 4 C15 22nF GND C18 27pF 9 D-VCC VCC 4MHz-Xtal XTAL 8 SCL C21 0.1µF 10 SDA 11 SDA 12 R12 300 C28 1nF C27 1nF +30V R14 200 R15 2k C29 20pF R13 200 P1 R16 56k GND Application circuits shown are typical examples illustrating the operation of the devices. Sony cannot assume responsibility for any problems arising out of the use of these circuits or for any infringement of third party patent and other right due to same. C12 47µF R7 240 7 6 TANK 5 L1 17µH RFOUT C11 0.01µF A-GND R3 100k 13 14 15 16 17 NICAM-IN Q1 18 R11 20k C25 0.01µF C23 1nF 19 C20 220pF R10 20k 20 C19 6pF 1T363 C22 1nF 21 R4 22k L3 14nH C17 3pF C16 5pF C26 1nF C24 0.047µF 22 C14 6pF L2 14nH GND ANALOG-V C13 220pF R8 20k C30 220pF OSC-VCC C9 22pF R6 10 1T363 R9 20k OSC4 23 C5 1nF C6 22pF C7 1nF L = 14nH VCO3 24 R1 2.7k R2 75 NICAM VCC OSC OSC2 ALF C1 22pF GND VCC Analog OSC1 MOD-ADJ OSC-GND AUDIO PDOUT D-GND – 13 – SCL EF NC RF OUT Application Circuit 2 Dual-OSC CXA3050M 2 VIDEO VIDEO VREG 1 C3 22pF C4 22µF MOD-ADJ 3 C8 330pF R5 180k AUDIO 4 GND 9 D-VCC VCC 4MHz-Xtal XTAL 8 SCL SCL C21 0.1µF 10 SDA 11 SDA 12 R12 300 +30V R14 200 C28 1nF R15 2k R13 200 C27 1nF C29 20pF P1 R16 56k GND Application circuits shown are typical examples illustrating the operation of the devices. Sony cannot assume responsibility for any problems arising out of the use of these circuits or for any infringement of third party patent and other right due to same. C12 47µF R7 240 7 6 TANK 5 C15 22nF RFOUT C9 22pF A-GND C2 0.33µF NICAM-IN C17 27pF ANALOG-V R3 100k 13 14 15 16 OSC-VCC Q1 17 L1 17µH C23 1nF R11 20k C25 0.01µF C22 1nF 18 C20 330pF C26 1nF C24 0.047µF 19 C18 120pF L2 1µH GND 20 C16 47pF R9 510 C19 1nF OSC4 21 C10 0.01µF 1T363 C14 120pF R8 C11 20k 22pF C13 330pF R10 20k VCO3 22 R4 22k R6 10 VCC OSC OSC2 23 C5 1nF C6 22pF VCC Analog C7 1nF OSC1 24 R1 2.7k R2 75 NICAM OSC-GND ALF C1 22pF GND PDOUT D-GND – 14 – AUDIO EF NC RF OUT Application Circuit 3 VHF-Band CXA3050M CXA3050M AA AAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAA AA AA AA AA AA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA A AAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAA A AAAAAAAAA A A AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAA 80 82 79 81 Video modulation [%] RF out [dBµV] Example of Representative Characteristics 78 77 80 79 78 76 4 5 4 6 5 6 Vcc [V] Vcc [V] 0.6 20 P/S Ratio [dB] FM Sencitivity [kHz/mw] A : 4.5M 19 B : 5.5M A 18 17 B 16 15 0.5 0.4 0.3 14 4 5 6 4 3.2 90 3.1 3.0 2.9 5 Vcc [V] 6 AA AAAAAAAAA AA AA AA AA AA AAAAAAAAAAA 95 Video modulation [%] Regulatar out [V] AA AAAAAAAAA AA AA AA AA AA AAAAAAAAAAA 3.3 4 5 Vcc [V] Vcc [V] 6 – 15 – Video max. Video 0.55Vp-p 85 80 75 600 700 800 RF Frequency [MHz] 900 CXA3050M AA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A A AA AAAA A A AA AAAA A A AAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAA A AAAAAAAAAA AA A AA AA AA A AA AA A AA AA AA A AA AA A AA AAAAAAAAAAA AA A AA AAA AA AAAAAAAAAA A AAAAAAAAAA AA A AA AAAA A AA A AA AAAA A AA A AAAAAAAAAAA AAAA A AAAAAAAAAAA AA 69 0.40 Without video 0.35 68 Audio S/N [dB] Audio dist [%] Video 87.5% 0.30 0.25 0.20 67 66 65 64 0.15 4 5 Vcc [V] 4 6 5 6 Vcc [V] 3.0 0 2.5 –1 D.P [degree] DG [%] 2.0 1.5 1.0 –2 –3 0.5 0 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 4 0 –0.5 –1.0 –1.5 –2.0 1.0 0.5 Audio out [dB] Video out [dB] 0.5 6 Vcc [V] Vcc [V] 1.0 5 0 –0.5 –1.0 –1.5 –2.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 0 100 Audio f response [kHz] Video f response [MHz] – 16 – 200 CXA3050M AA AAAAAAAAA AA AA AA AA AA AAAAAAAAAA A 82 Video modulation [%] 81 80 79 78 77 76 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature [degree] 0 Over mod test = OFF Video 0.8Vp-p Video modulation [%] 20 40 60 80 100 64µsec 0 0 AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AAAAAAAAAAAA AA A AA Over mod test = ON Video 0.8Vp-p Video modulation [%] 20 40 60 80 100 64µsec 0 – 17 – CXA3050M Package Outline Unit: mm 24PIN SOP (PLASTIC) + 0.4 15.0 – 0.1 24 + 0.4 1.85 – 0.15 13 6.9 + 0.2 0.1 – 0.05 12 0.45 ± 0.1 1.27 + 0.1 0.2 – 0.05 0.5 ± 0.2 1 7.9 ± 0.4 + 0.3 5.3 – 0.1 0.15 ± 0.12 M PACKAGE STRUCTURE SONY CODE SOP-24P-L01 EIAJ CODE ∗SOP024-P-0300-A JEDEC CODE MOLDING COMPOUND EPOXY/PHENOL RESIN LEAD TREATMENT SOLDER PLATING LEAD MATERIAL COPPER ALLOY / 42ALLOY PACKAGE WEIGHT 0.3g – 18 –