PAC207BCA PAC207B SINGLE-CHIP CIF CMOS IMAGE SENSOR WITH USB INTERFACE 1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION The PAC207B is a single chip CMOS image sensor embedded with an USB 1.1 interface and image compression function. The PAC207B is suitable for low-cost high performance PC camera applications. It integrates on-chip power regulators to transfer the 5V voltage from USB host power to proper voltage levels to supply the CMOS sensor and analog and digital circuitry. Hence there is no need to have external power regulator on the PCB. All the image processing functions, interpolation, auto exposure, auto white balance, de-flickering and sharpness, are performed by software in PC side. The optical size is 1/7”, which can easily be embedded into LCD monitors, notebooks or PDA. Key Specification of Electrical and Optics Power supply: +5V (Default) Sensor array: 352 x 288. Frame rate: up to 30fps. Pixel Size: 5.6um x 5.6um. Crystal frequency: 12MHz(Default) S/N ratio: 35dB. Power consumption: < 25mA. PGA gain: 31.6 dB max Sensitivity: 190 Level/lux-sec (Green pixel) Exposure time: frame time ~ 1/160000 Optical format: 1/7“ Color filter: RGB Bayer Pattern Scan mode: Progressive Package: 32-pin LCC 1 V1.2, July. 2003 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] PixArt Imaging Inc. PAC207BCA Single-Chip CIF CMOS Image sensor with USB 2. FEATURES 12Mhz or 6Mhz crystal in for on-chip PLL, to generate 48Mhz Embedded 1/7”, 5.6um x 5.6um CIF CMOS image sensor, with 0.25um process technology On-chip 10-bit ADC Programmable sensor control through USB control pipe. Support video data transfer through USB isochronous pipe. Snapshot control through USB interrupt pipe. Frame Rate: - Up to 24fps @CIF format (352x288) with lossy compression, with 8 Mbps USB bandwidth - Up to 24fps @QVGA format (320x240) with lossy compression, with 8 Mbps USB bandwidth - Up to 30fps @QCIF format (176x144) without compression, with 5.6~6 Mbps USB bandwidth - Up to 30fps @QQVGA format (160x120) without compression, with 5.6~6 Mbps USB bandwidth Auxiliary image processing: - Synchronized color gain setting and gain parameter control. - Exposure measurement report (center area & outer area of window). Output frame number identify, full frame identify, AE/AG updating identify, compression codebook reassignment identify. Supported USB suspend mode USB Vendor ID, Product ID, device release number, maximum power consumption and string descriptor can be set by a serial EEPROM (93C46A 16bit) or by metal mask. USB 5V power in, on-chip 3.3V regulator for Sensor, on-chip 2.5V regulator for core logic 6 IO-trapping pins to set product ID and max power consumption (100mA or 500mA). Embed micro-wire controller to support external EEPROM (93C46A 16bit) for customized Vendor ID, Product ID, device release number, max power consumption, product string, manufacturer string, sensor parameters, etc. Single power supply from USB cable Package: 32 Pin, dimension: 9mm x 9mm Power consumption: < 25mA 2 V1.3, June. 2004 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] PixArt Imaging Inc. PAC207BCA Single-Chip CIF CMOS Image sensor with USB 3. BLOCK DIAGRAM CIF Sensor 5V->2.5V 5V->3.3V Sensor Controller PLL Image compression Rate Control USB Controller Register Bank PAC207B is a single-chip USB camera. It includes a CIF sensor based on Pixart PAS106 with enhanced image quality and sensitivity, a 48MHz PLL, internal regulators, proprietary image compression, image processing schemed, control registers, on-chip SRAM for image data buffer and USB controller. All register parameters are set by USB interface. And the compressed image data is transmitted by USB 1.1 isochronous pipe. 3 V1.3, June. 2004 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] PixArt Imaging Inc. PAC207BCA Single-Chip CIF CMOS Image sensor with USB 4. PIN ASSIGNMENT Type Description Pin No. Name 1 VSSA GND 2 VRB Bypass Analog GND Analog voltage reference 3 VCM Bypass Analog voltage reference 4 VRT Bypass Analog voltage reference 5 Vdday2 PWR Sensor Readout power 6 Vdday1 PWR Sensor reset power 7 VSSAY GND Sensor GND 8 EPR_DO I Data output of EEPROM; (IO Trap pin for PID4) 9 EPR_SK O Serial clock for EEPROM; (IO Trap pin for PID3) 10 EPR_DI O Data input of EEPROM; (IO Trap pin for PID1) 11 PID0 I (IO Trap pin for PID0) 12 LED O LED driver; (IO Trap pin for max power select, 0/1: 500mA/100mA) 13 Xtal0 I Bios selection of crystal oscillator circuit 14 EPR_EnH I Enable signal of EEPROM 15 IOTrap_EnL I I/O trap enable signal (0: enable, 1: disable) 16 EPR_CS O Chip select of EEPROM; (IO Trap pin for PID2) 17 VSSA GND Analog ground 18 VDDM PWR Main power, (5V when on-chip regulator enable) 19 VDD2P5 Bypass Power for core logic, 2.5V 20 KEY# I Snapshot control signal (Active Low) 21 Test_EnH I Test mode enable, “1” to enable 22 RST# I RST_ when P-cam power-up 23 VSSQ GND Ground for I/O and PHY 24 DN Bi- DN for USB1.1 PHY 25 VDDQ PWR Power for I/O and PHY 26 DP Bi- DP for USB1.1 PHY 27 XIN CLK Crystal IN 28 XOUT CLK Crystal OUT 29 VDDP PWR Analog power for PLL, bypass when internal regulator enable. 30 VDDD PWR Logic power for mixed-mode circuit, bypass when internal regulator 31 VDDA PWR Analog power for AD/DA/PGA, bypass when internal regulator enable 32 VDDM PWR Main power, (5V when on-chip regulator enable) 4 V1.3, June. 2004 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] PixArt Imaging Inc. PAC207BCA Single-Chip CIF CMOS Image sensor with USB Row Decoders 5. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 5.1 ANALOG DATA PATH dac[8:0] 9-bit +/-250mV DAC Sensor Array Front gain 2-bits CDS Col. Decoders X3.5 Color gain B,G1,G2,R 4-bits step code[1:0] X1/4, 1/2, 1, 2 X3 Global gain 5-bits X4 10-bit pipelined ADC PAC207B embedded a high quality CMOS image sensor with Pixart advanced sensor structure. With correlated-double-sampling (CDS) circuit, it cancelled the column-wise fixed pattern noise (FPN) and pixel mismatch at sensing node for each pixel. Hence PAC207B can deliever a clean image quality. With a progressive scanning timing, the analog pixel signal is transferred into “Front-Gain” stage. Then transferred the pre-amplifier analog signal into programmable gain amplifier (PGA). Then ADC will convert the analog signal into a 10 bit digital code. The gain stage can be set by digital register setting, please refer to the following equation to get the mapping gain. Front Gain = 2+(n/2), Color Gain = 1+(m/8), Global Gain = 1+(q/10), n = 0, 1, 2, 3 m= 0, 1, 2, …15 q = 0, 1, 2, …31 5 V1.3, June. 2004 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] PixArt Imaging Inc. PAC207BCA Single-Chip CIF CMOS Image sensor with USB 5.2 IMAGE COMPRESSION PAC207B utilize the PixArt proprietary compression algorithm to maintain the balance between image quality and frame rate. PAC207B also supported a unique frame sync & frame header identity, which indicates the frame start information and the frame properties, then followed a compressed data line by line. Operation Modes 1. Excellent Quality 2. High quality 3. Normal quality 4. High compression 5. Bandwidth release Decision priority of compression mode selection The PAC207B utilized a multiple mode image compression algorithm with an advanced rate control scheme to get the best image quality under different USB bandwidth or image complexity. By setting the register of address 66~74, the PAC207 can adjust the data rate of compressed image date while maintain a good image quality. When CMOS sensor running at a slow frame rate as low-luminance condition, the compression can easily switch to raw data mode, which has minimum compression errors. 5.3 USB VIDEO ISO_IN ALTERNATE SETTING Alternate setting Max packet size (Bytes) of ISO-IN pipe 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 128 256 384 512 640 768 896 1023 When the device is plugged, the driver will allocate bandwidth by USB host controller status. The “Alternate setting” and “Max Packet size of ISO-IN pipe” will be set as much as possible depend on the available bandwidth .The alternate-setting table is shown all bandwidth option above. 6 V1.3, June. 2004 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] PixArt Imaging Inc. PAC207BCA Single-Chip CIF CMOS Image sensor with USB 5.3 Power on sequence USB +5V (VDDM) VDDQ VDDA VDDD VDDP VDD2p5 T-wrs 1.6V Reset T-rst IO Trap Load T-iot Min T-wrs : Wait Regulator Stable Time T-rst : Reset Time T-iot : IO Trap Setup Time 10ms 666.67ns Typical 3ms 30ms 50ms 7 V1.3, June. 2004 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] Max PixArt Imaging Inc. PAC207BCA Single-Chip CIF CMOS Image sensor with USB 6. DC and AC CHARACTERISITCS Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit VDDM DC supply voltage -0.5 5.5 V Vin DC input voltage 0.5 3.8 V Vout DC output voltage -0.5 3.8 V Tstg Storage temperature 0 70 ℃ DC Electrical Characteristics (VDD=3.3V±5%, Ta=0°C~40°C ) Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit Type :PWR VDDM IDD Main power from USB cable 4.5 5.0 5.5 V Operating Current 20 25 30 mA V Type :IN & I/O Reset and SYSCLK VIH Input voltage HIGH 2.0 VDDQ VIL Input voltage LOW 0 0.8 V Cin Input capacitor 10 pF Ilkg Input leakage current 1.0 uA Type : OUT & I/O for PXD0:9, PXCLK, H/VSYNC & SDA, load 10pf, 1.2kΩ, 3.3volts VOH Output voltage HIGH VOL Output voltage LOW Vddq-0.2 V 0.2 V AC Operating Condition Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit 6 12 24 MHz Fpxclk Pixel clock rate 3 4 Sensor Characteristics (Light source: 3200K halogen lamp; 8bit resolutions) Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit MHz Fsysclk Parameter Master clock frequency Note Photo response non-uniformity PRNU 1.87 % Saturation output voltage Vsat. 235 Level Dark output voltage Vdark 2.15 Level/sec Dark signal non-uniformity DSNU 0.56 Level Sensitivity ( Red channel ) R 240 Level/Lux-sec Sensitivity ( Green channel ) G 190 Level/Lux-sec Sensitivity ( Blue channel ) B 150 Level/Lux-sec 8 V1.3, June. 2004 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] PixArt Imaging Inc. PAC207BCA Single-Chip CIF CMOS Image sensor with USB 7. Package information 7.1. Package Outline Dimension All dimensions are in Millimeters. 9 V1.3, June. 2004 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] PixArt Imaging Inc. PAC207BCA Single-Chip CIF CMOS Image sensor with USB 7.2. Optical Center Information 12 5 4 13 1 32 29 20 21 28 -- TOP VIEW -Note: Sensor Array Center = Package Center 10 V1.3, June. 2004 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] PixArt Imaging Inc. PAC207BCA Single-Chip CIF CMOS Image sensor with USB 8. Reference Application Circuit LED C1 10uF R1 VDDM 1k 1 VDDAY2 VSSAY LED VDDAY1 C2 0.1uF D1 C3 10uF LED-0603 2 5 VDDAY2 7 8 6 VDDAY1 VSSAY 9 EPR_DI EPR_SK EPR_DO 10 VDDM VDDA VDDP 28 XTAL_OUT RST# XTAL_IN 27 XTAL_IN 21 22 RST# VSSQ XTAL_OUT VDDD KEY# DP VDD2p5 26 20 PAC207BCA-32 VDDM DP KEY# VSSA VSSA VDDQ 19 EPR_CS DN 18 VDD2p5 VRB VSSQ 17 VDDM VCM IOTrap_EnL Test_EnH VSSA EPR_EnH 25 16 24 15 DN 14 VDDQ C5 10pF XTAL_OUT C6 1uF VRT VDDQ VSSQ VSSQ C4 0.1uF XTAL_SEL0 23 13 VSSQ VSSQ PID0 LED 11 12 VDDA U1 4 VRT 3 VCM 2 VRB 1 VSSA VDDD Y1 12MHz C7 10pF XTAL_IN C8 1uF 32 VDDM 31 VDDA 30 VDDD 29 VDDP VDDP C9 10uF VDDQ C10 0.1uF VDDQ C11 1uF KEY# R2 51k U2 KEY C21 RST# 2 1uF 1 VDD2p5 C12 0.1uF VDDAY1 L1 3.3uH L2 3.3uH VSSQ C13 1uF VSSA VDDAY2 VSSAY C14 1.5k 0.1uF 1 R4 27 ohm C18 C19 1 R6 1 DP DN VDDM 1 L5 2 5 4 3 2 1 GND2 GND1 + +5V MLB-201209-1000R-S2 C15 1uF VRT CON1 C16 C17 1uF VRB 1uF MINI USB 5P C20 1uF VCM 2 6 7 20pF 2 20pF 2 0ohm HC4 HC3 R3 27 ohm HC1 HC2 R5 9 8 VDDQ Bypass Caps. USB Connector & Circuit Title PAC207BCA-32 PC-Cam Demo Board Schematic (Use Default Setting) Size B Date: Document Number By Charles / PixArt Imaging Inc. Monday, June 14, 2004 2 of 2 11 V1.3, June. 2004 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] Rev V2.2 Sheet