SILAN SA1787

SA1787
SINGLE-CHIP TUNER IC FOR CAR RADIOS
DESCRIPTION
The SA1787 is a high performance tuner circuit for AM and FM car
radio. It integrates mixer, IF amplifier, signal detection circuit and
stereo decoder for AM and FM. It achieves stereo tuning with
advanced technology and less peripheral components.
FEATURES
FM-Part
QFP-64-14 x 14-0.8
∗ RF AGC generation for RF and IF detection
∗ I/Q mixer for 1st FM IF 10.7MHz with image rejection
∗ Excellent FM signal meter linearity
∗ MPX integrated in a single chip
∗ Improve FM separation temperature characteristics
∗ Improve FM thermal characteristics
APPLICATIONS
AM-Part
∗ Car Radios
∗ Wide and narrow AGC generation
∗ Mixer for 1st IF 10.7MHz, AM up conversion
∗ Mixer for 2nd IF 450kHz, AM down conversion
∗ Integrated AM-demodulator
∗ AM IF and audio noise blanking
∗ Improve AM adjacent channel interference characteristics
∗ Improve AM thermal characteristics
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device
Package
SA1787
QFP-64-14x14-0.8
Marking
SA1787
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Page 1 of 19
SA1787
BLOCK DIAGRAM
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATING
Characteristics
Maximum Supply Voltage
Allowable Power Dissipation
Symbol
Conditions
Ratings
Unit
VCC1 max
Pins 6, 40, and 61
9
V
VCC2 max
Pins 7, 45, 54, 59, and 60
12
V
Ta ≤ 55°C
950
mW
Pd max
Operating Temperature
Topr
–40 to +85
°C
Storage Temperature
Tstg
–40 to +150
°C
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SA1787
OPERATING CONDITIONS
Characteristics
Symbol
Conditions
8
V
5
V
7.5 to 9.0
V
60, and 61
VCCST IND
Operating Supply Voltage Range
Unit
Pins 6, 7, 40, 45, 54, 59,
VCC
Recommended Supply Voltage
Ratings
(Pin 26)
VCC op
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Special for FM IF input test, Ta = 25°C, VCC= 8.0V)
Characteristics
Symbol
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
No input, I40 + I45 + I54 + I59 + I60 + I61
70
105
120
mA
230
340
420 mVrms
190
305
390 mVrms
–1
0
+1
dB
0.3
1
%
[FM Characteristics] At The FM IF Input
Current Drain
Demodulation Output
Pin 31 Demodulation
Output
Channel Balance
Total Harmonic Distortion
ICCO-FM
VO-FM
VO-FM31
CB
THD-FM
mono
Signal-To-Noise Ratio: IF S/N-FM IF
AM Suppression Ratio:
IF
AMR IF
Att-1
Muting Attenuation
Att-2
10.7 MHz, 100dBµ, 1 kHz, 100%mod,
output at pin 15
10.7 MHz, 100dBµ, 1 kHz, 100%mod,
output at pin 31
The ratio of pins 15 and 16 at 10.7 MHz,
100 dBµ, 1 kHz
10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz, 100% mod,
pin 15
10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz, 100% mod,
pin 15
10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz, fm = 1 kHz,
30% AM, pin 15
10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz. Attenuation at
pin 15 when V33 changes from 0 to 2 V
10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz. Attenuation at
pin 15 when V33 changes from 0 to 2 V*1
77
84
dB
57
66
dB
5
11
15
dB
15
22
25
dB
28
32
38
dB
30
40
10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz. Attenuation at
Att-3
pin 15 when V33 changes from 0 to 2
V*2
Separation
Separation
10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, L+R = 90%, pilot =
10%. The pin 15 output ratio
Stereo on Level
ST-ON
The pilot modulation, V26<0.5V
1.2
2.4
Stereo off Level
ST-OFF
The pilot modulation, V26>3.5V
0.6
1.7
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SA1787
Characteristics
Main Total Harmonic
Distortion
Symbol
THD-Main L
Test conditions
Min.
10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, L+R = 90%, pilot =
10%. Signal at pin 15
Typ.
Max.
Unit
0.2
1.2
%
10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, pilot = 10%.
Pilot Cancellation
PCAN
The pin 15 signal/the pilot level leakage.
20
30
dB
1
6
9
dB
0.5
4.5
8.5
dB
6
10
14
dB
33
40
47
dBµ
27
35
43
dBµ
54
63
70
dBµ
54
62
70
dBµ
120
170
250 mVrms
0.0
0.2
0.4
V
0.4
1.3
1.6
V
2.0
2.7
3.5
V
4.7
5.0
5.5
V
150
220
290
kHz
0.00
0.10
0.20
V
79
88
99
dBµ
DIN audio
10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, L-R = 90%, pilot =
SNC Output Attenuation
AttSNC
10%.
V28 = 3 V Æ 0.6 V, pin 15
10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 10 kHz, L+R = 90%,
AttHCC-1
pilot = 10%.
V29 = 3 V Æ0.6 V, pin 15
HCC Output Attenuation
AttHCC-2
10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 10 kHz, L+R = 90%,
pilot = 10%. V29 = 3 VÆ0.1 V, pin 15
100 dBµ, 10.7 MHz, 30% modulation.
Input Limiting Voltage
Vi-lim
The IF input, output voltage reduces by
3 dB
Muting Sensitivity
Vi-mute
The IF input level (unmodulated) when
V33 = 2 V
The IF input level (unmodulated) (over
SD Sensitivity
SD-sen1 FM 100 mV rms) , the IF counter buffer
output is turned on
SD-sen2 FM
IF Counter Buffer Output VIFBUFF-FM
VSM FM-1
VSM FM-2
Signal Meter Output
VSM FM-3
VSM FM-4
Muting Bandwidth
BW-mute
Mute Drive Output
VMUTE-100
10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, unmodulated. Output
at pin 23
No input. DC output at pin 24,
unmodulated
50 dBµ. DC output at pin 24,
unmodulated
70 dBµ. DC output at pin 24,
unmodulated
100 dBµ. DC output at pin 24,
unmodulated
100 dBµ. The bandwidth when V33 = 2 V,
unmodulated
100 dBµ, 0 dBµ. DC output at pin 33,
unmodulated
[FM FE Mixer Input]
83 MHz, unmodulated.
N-AGC on Input
VN-AGC
The input such that the pin 2 voltage is
2.0 V or below
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SA1787
Characteristics
Symbol
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
104
110
116
dBµ
19
30
48
mVrms
85
110
165 mVrms
83 MHz, unmodulated. The input such
W-AGC on Input
VWAGC
that the pin 2 voltage is 2.0 V or below.
(When the keyed AGC is set to 4.0 V.)
Conversion Gain
Oscillator Buffer Output
A.V
83 MHz, 80 dBµ, unmodulated. output at
The FE CF
VOSCBUFFF No input
[NC Block] NC Input (Pin 30)
Gate Time
τGATE1
f = 1 kHz, for a 1-µs, 100-mV p-o pulse
55
µs
40
mVp-o
The level of a 1 kHz, 1-µs pulse input that
Noise Sensitivity
SN
starts noise canceller operation.
Measured at pin 30.
The pulse rejection effect provided by the
noise canceller.
NC Effect
SN-NC
For a repeated 1-µs pulse, frequency =
10 kHz, 150 mV p-o. The ratio of outputs
5
at pin 15 in FM mode and in AM mode
(effective value)
[Multipath Rejection Circuit] MRC Input (Pin 27)
MRC Output
MRC Operating Level
VMRC
MRC-ON
V24 = 5 V
The pin 32 input level at f = 70 kHz,
voltage at pin 24 is 5V and pin 27 is 2V
2.2
2.3
2.4
V
10
15
20
mVrms
[AM Characteristics] AM ANT Input
Practical Sensitivity
S/N-30
Detector Output
VO-AM
Pin 31 Detector Output
VO-AM31
1 MHz, 30 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 30%
modulation, pin 15
1 MHz, 74 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 30%
modulation, pin 15
1 MHz, 74 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 30%
modulation, pin 31
20
dB
130
195
270 mVrms
110
175
230
mVms
51
56
61
dB
47
52
1 MHz, 74 dBµ, referenced to the output,
Agc F.O.M.
Signal-To-Noise Ratio
VAGC-FOM
S/N-AM
Total Harmonic Distortion THD-AM
Signal Meter Output
Oscillator Buffer Output
the input amplitude such that the output
falls by 10 dB. Pin 15
1 MHz, 74 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 30%
modulation
1 MHz, 74 dBµ, fm = 1 kHz, 80%
modulation
0.3
1
%
VSM AM-1
No input
0.0
0.4
0.7
V
VSM AM-2
1 MHz, 130 dBµ, unmodulated
4.8
6
7.3
V
VOSCBUFF
No input
185
230
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SA1787
Characteristics
Wide Band AGC
Sensitivity
Symbol
W-AGCsen1 1.4 MHz, the input when V46 = 0.7 V
W-AGCsen2
SD-sen1
AM
SD Sensitivity
SD-sen2
AM
IF Buffer Output
Note:
Test conditions
VIFBUFF-AM
1.4 MHz, the input when V46 = 0.7 V
(seek mode)
1 MHz, the ANT input level such that the
IF counter output turns on.
1 MHz, the ANT input level such that the
SD pin goes to the on state.
1 MHz, 74 dBµ, unmodulated. No
modulation. Output at pin 23
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
91
97
105
dBµ
83
90
95
dBµ
25
31
36
dBµ
25
31
36
dBµ
170
260
mVrms
* 1. When the resistor between pin 58 and ground is 200 kΩ.
* 2. When the resistor between pin 58 and ground is 30 kΩ.
PIN CONFIGURATION
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SA1787
PIN DESCRIPTION
Pin No.
Pin Name
I/O
1
ANT D
O
2
RF AGC
O
3
F.E.GND
I/O
Ground of AM/FM front end
4
OSC
I/O
Oscillator connection for FM 1st Mixer
O
AM/FM oscillator buffer output
5
6
7
8
AM/FM OSC
BUFF
VCC
AM/FM SW
AM OSC
Noise AGC
Sen
I/O
I/O
I
Descriptions
An antenna damping current for FM pin diode drive output
RF AGC voltage to control the LNA second gate. AGC is applied at the
voltage of Vcc-Vbe.
V6=8VÆFM and pin6 is FM front end VCC
V6=openÆAM
AM first oscillator for up conversion
This circuit can oscillator up to the SW band.
Noise sensitivity setting pin for setting up the medium field(about 50
dBµ)
9
AGC ADJ
I
The AGC Dynamic Range adjustment pin for 20 to 30dBµ
10
AM 2nd OSC
O
Oscillator circuit for AM 2nd Mixer
11
Memory
I/O
12
Memory
I/O
13
Pilot IN
I
14
GND
I/O
15
MPX OUT (L)
O
16
MPX OUT (R)
O
17
Pilot OUT
O
18
Pilot OUT
O
Memory circuit for noise canceller operation.
The PLL circuit MPX signal input pin.
Ground for the N.C., MPX, and MRC circuits.
MPX output
Output pin for the pilot canceller signal.
The resistor and capacitor between pin17 and pin18 need to be
adjusted with the sample-to-sample variations.
The input level of subdecoder is varied through the resistor and
19
Sep ADJ
I
capacitor outside.
(The output level of MONO and MAIN remain unchanged)
20
VCO
I/O
Attach a 912KHz crystal oscillator outside.
21
PHASE COMP.
I/O
Pilot phase detector
22
PHASE COMP.
I/O
Pilot phase detector
In seek mode, pin23 is FM/AM IF counter buffer.
Also, pin23 functions as switch:
In FM mode:
23
IF Counter
SK/ST SW
Pin23 = 5V: Seek mode
I/O
Pin23 = 2.5V: Forced SD mode
Pin23 = 0 V: Reception mode
In AM mode:
Pin23 = 5 V: Seek mode
Pin23 = 0 V: Reception mode
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SA1787
Pin No.
Pin Name
I/O
Descriptions
24
AM/FM SM
O
AM/FM S-meter voltage output
25
GND
I/O
Ground for FMIF and AM
In FM mode:
Pin23 = 5V: pin26 operates linked to the IF counter buffer.
Pin23 = 2.5V: pin26 operates as the SD pin.
26
Stereo IND
O
Pin23 = 0 V: pin26 operates as stereo indicator.
In AM mode:
Pin23 = 5 V: pin 26 operates as the seek SD pin.
Pin23 = 0 V: pin26 is not used.
27
MRC
O
The MRC detector time constant for Multipath-Noise Detector.
The time is determined by a 100Ω resistors and capacitor.
With the pin28 input voltage, the attenuation of (L-R) decode is
28
SNC
I
controlled, such as decrease sepatation and reduce the noise felt in
the stereo mode.
The pin29 can be controlled by the MRC output.
29
HCC
I
The pin29 can also be controlled with the pin 32 , using an external
resistors at least 100 kΩ.
At weak input, high pass is cut to reduce the noise feeling.
30
Noise Cancel
I
Noise canceller input.
The input impedance is 50 kΩ.
AM and FM detector output.
31
AM/FM Det
O
Output impedance
Low impedance in the FM mode and 10 kΩ in the AM mode
Pin32 is for NC noise extraction and for multipath noise extraction.
32
IF S-meter and
MRC
O
Attenuate the MRC AC input by adjust the resistor outside.
In AM mode, pin 32 outputs a 1-mA current. Thus the HCC circuit is
turned off.
The muting time constant is determined as follows by CR:
Attack time:
TA = 10 kΩ * C1
Release time:
33
Mute Driver
O
TR = 50 kΩ* C1
Noise convergence adjustment
Muting off function
MUTE is turned OFF when pin 33 is shorted circuited through a 4-kΩ
resistor with GND.
A resistor R should be connected between pin34 and pin37;
34
AGC
I/O
R determines the bandwidth of the muting function.
Narrows the band by increasing the value of R.
Widens the band by reducing the value of R.
35
QD OUT
O
Detector output
36
QD IN
I
Detector input
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SA1787
Pin No.
Pin Name
I/O
37
VREF
O
38
SD ADJ
I/O
Descriptions
V37 = 4.9V
The SD comparison voltage is determined with the external resistance
R and the current flow at pin 38.
When the voltage of V24*0.36 becomes lower than the voltage
39
Key AGC
AM Buffer
I/O
determined by the resistor between pin 39 and ground, the keyed AGC
is turned on.
The pin39 is also used as the AM stereo IF buffer pin.
40
VCC
I/O
41
HCC Cap
O
VCC for FMIF and AM NC MPX
With pin 41 external capacitor
High-Cut frequency characteristics are set.
Frequency characteristics of unnecessary voice band of 100Hz or less
is changed to produce the clear sound in the AM mode.
Note: The LC capacitor must be connected between the pin42 and
42
AM L.C.
I/O
VCC
This is because the detector circuit operates referenced to VCC.
AM LC f characteristic:
fC = 1/2π*50 k Ω* C
43
Pilot Det
O
Inserting a 1-MΩ resistor between pin 43 and VCC causes the forced
mono mode.
Time constant changeover at Seek switch.
• Reception
Time constant depends on the external capacitor of pin 44:
44
IF AGC
O
C44*300kΩ
• Seek
Time constant is:
C44*10Ω
45
46
47
IF OUT
AM ANT D
WB-AGC
Mute ADJ
O
O
I
The IF amplifier load
I46 = 6mA (maximum)
An antenna damping current for AM pin diode drive output
Muting on level can be changed by modify the value of the external
resistor
RF AGC rectifier capacitor。
48
AGC Bypass
O
Determination of the distortion radio during low-frequency modulation:
Increasing C48 and C57 :
DistortionÆimproved
ResponseÆslow
57
RF AGC
O
Reducing C48 and C57 :
DistortionÆworse
ResponseÆquick
50
IF Bypass
I
51
FM IF IN
I
Choose IF bypass capacitor to GND to prevent the limiter AMP from
osillation
FM 10.7M AMP input
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SA1787
Pin No.
52
53
56
Pin Name
AM IF IN
AM/FM
IF OUT
AM/FM
IF IN
I/O
I
Descriptions
AM 450kHz AMP input
input impedance=2 kΩ.
AM/FM 10.7M first IF AMP output.
O
Output impedance=330Ω
V53=5.3V
AM/FM 10.7M first IF AMP input
I
Input impedance = 330Ω
V56=2.0V
54
Mixer OUT
O
49
Mixer IN
I
AM 2nd Mixer OUT (The coil of pin 54 must be connected to the
pin40)
AM 2nd Mixer IN (The pin 49 mixer input impedance is 330Ω)
Include built-in DC cut capacitors.
Determination of the AGC on level is by the values of the capacitors
55
W-AGC
SD ADJ
I/O
attached to this pin
In AM mode, pin55 is SD sensitivity adjustment pin by comparing V55
with the S-meter voltage
V55 = R55*50uA
Include built-in DC cut capacitors.
58
59,60
N-AGC
Mute ADJ
I/O
Determination of the AGC on level is by the values of the capacitors
attached to this pin
Mixer OUT
O
AM/FM 1st mixer output
61
F.E.VCC
I/O
VCC for front end
62
1st MIX IN
I
AM first mixer input
The input impedance=10 kΩ.
AM/FM 1st mixer input.
This is an emitter insertion type input circuit, and the amount of
63,64
Mixer IN
I
insertion is determined by the capacitors C63 and C64.
(The lines for pins 63 and 64 must be kept separated from the lines for
pins 59 and 60)
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SA1787
FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
1. FM Front End
Oscillator
Figure 1 shows the type of oscillator circuit used in this IC.
Figure 1
Figure 2 shows the type of FM first IF amplifier used in this IC.
Figure 2
—
Input impedance: 330 Ω
—
Output impedance: 330Ω
—
Gain: 20 dB
2. FM IF
Figure 3 shows an overview of the FM SD and the IF count buffer.
Figure 3
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SA1787
Figure 4 shows the relationship between the FM SD, the IF count buffer output, the S-meter, and the muting drive
output.
Figure 4
3. AM
SD and the IF buffer are operated by comparing the S-meter level (V24) and the 5 V reference voltage as shown
in figure 5.
Figure 5
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SA1787
Figure 6 shows the relationship between the AM SD, the IF count buffer, and the S-meter.
Figure 6
AM high band cut and detector output level adjustment methods
Figure 7, the pin 31 AM and FM tuner output has an impedance of 10 kΩ in AM mode and a few tens of Ohms in
FM mode. Therefore, R31 is used to lower the AM detector output level and C31 determines the AM high band
frequency characteristics.
Figure 7
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SA1787
AM stereo system pins is shown in Figure 8
VCC
GND
To the AM stereo decoder
400mV rms
IFT
450kHz output
45
39
VCC
50pF
Keyed AGC
150
IF AMP
Figure 8
AM low band cut adjustment method
The AM low band frequency characteristics can be adjusted with C42, which is inserted between pin 42 and VCC.
Since the detector is designed with VCC as the reference, C42 must be connected to VCC, shown in figure 9.
+
Figure 9
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SA1787
Pilot canceller adjustment (pins 17 and 18)
Figure 10
The pilot canceller signal waveform (pin 19) is a 19 kHz signal that not contains third harmonic as shown in figure
10. Since this signal has the same phase as the pilot signal, no capacitor is required between pin 18 and ground.
Since it has no third harmonic component, excellent pilot cancellation can be acquired in both the left and right
channels by adjusting with a variable resistor.
Separation adjustment (pin 19)
Figure 11
The separation is adjusted by modifying the input level to the subdecoder with the variable resistor connected to
pin 19. Since only the sub-modulation level is changed by changing the variable resistor setting, the monaural
(main) output level is not changed. Furthermore, degradation of high band separation in the decoder can be
avoided if the impedance of the external capacitor (C) in the subchannel frequency band (23 to 53 kHz) is made
sufficiently smaller than the variable resistor.
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SA1787
INPUT CIRCUITS FOR EACH STAGE
FM
Mixer input
First IF input
IF input
AM
First mixer input
Second mixer input
IF input
Del input
IFT
50
~
0.022 F
50
52
50
fr=450kHz
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~
0.022 F
45
50
fr=450kHz
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+
50
15pF
65pF
VD6
JIS DUMMY
30
0.022 F
6.8mH
100 H
FC 18
47 F
AC1
SG1
+
ANTD
0.022 F
1.6k
100k
25
1000 F
SW7
SW8
510
100 H
50k
50
1mH
0.022 F
30k
30
200k
18pF
AM SD ADJ
FM IF OUT
200
k
50
B
FM IF
IN
SW3
FM FM
GND VCC
5pF
VD1
5pF
FEVCC
MUTE ATT
10pF
FE IF IN
FM WB AGCIN
AM MIX OUT
AM IF IN
0.022 F
SW2(i) A
MIX
180k
7
40
SA1787
41
10
39
11
38
12
37
13
36
14
35
15
34
16
33
30
31
ANT D
64
63
62
8
9
VT
VA1
10 F
VA6
VCC 10.26MHz 3pF
SW10
AM
OSC
8V
VA9
10 F
VCC
6800pF 0.01 F
VA7
LEFT
CH
RIGHT
CH
MPX
OUT
17
18
19
20
21
60
23
22
61
0.47 F
S-METER
24 AM/FM
25
59
58
57
56
GND
SNC
HCC
NC-IN
AM LEVEL ADJ
20k
20k
3pF
0.01 F
PI.CAN ADJ
100k
SEP
ADJ SW9
0.047 F
CSB912JF108
VCC2
VD3
NC-IN
100k
A
SW5 SW6
VCC2
VA8
VA3
VCC1
5V
VD2
VD4
SNC
HCC
VCC3
PG1(AC1)
AC5
0.022 F
8V
VD5
MRC-IN
+
1 F
4.3k
8V
VCC
8200pF
AM HC 1 F
B
SW4(T)
FM S-METER
DET OUT
32
26
6
42
0.1 F
55
5
43
10k
0.47 F
27
4
44
1 F
54
OSC
45
0.22 F
28
3
46
22k
53
2
47
0.1 F
QD IN
29
1
48
0.22 F
AMLC
240k
AFC IN
52
51
50
49
3.3 F
0.022 F
+
100
0.022 F
15k
RF
AGC
100
330
MUTE or ADJ
FF
GND
1 F
0.022 F
20pF
AC3
SG3
IF7
5pF
30k
IF IN
0.022 F
300
0.022 F
30
100 F
10k
3pF
2200pF
CHCC
0.01 F
10k
SW1
8V
300pF
1M
39pF
100k
6.8k
0.47 F
330
KEYED AGC
1M
50
20k
FM SD ADJ.
10k
VA2
25pF
VREF
0.022 F
IF OUT
10k
0.022 F
2.2 F
20pF
QD OUT
N.C.MPX GND
MUTE
DRIVE
0.015 F
REV:1.0
0.015 F
5.6k
1 F
1 F
100k
100k
50k
50k
10k
0.22 F
Http://www.silan.com.cn
1M
HANGZHOU SILAN MICROELECTRONICS CO.,LTD
10k
VCC
GND
SA1787
TEST CIRCUIT
2008.08.29
Page 17 of 19
AC2
SG2
SA1787
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT
HANGZHOU SILAN MICROELECTRONICS CO.,LTD
Http://www.silan.com.cn
REV:1.0
2008.08.29
Page 18 of 19
SA1787
PACKAGE OUTLINE
QFP-64-14x14-0.8
UNIT: mm
Note: Silan reserves the right to make changes without notice in this specification for the improvement of the design and performance.
Silan will supply the best possible product for customers.
HANGZHOU SILAN MICROELECTRONICS CO.,LTD
Http://www.silan.com.cn
REV:1.0
2008.08.29
Page 19 of 19