Ordering number : EN6108 CMOS IC LC75397E Single Chip Electronic Volume and Tone Control System Overview Features The LC75397 is an electronic volume control system providing control over volume, balance, 4-band equalizer, bass, and input switching based on serial inputs. • Built-in buffer amplifiers reduce the number of external parts required. • Silicon gate CMOS process reduces the noise of built-in switch. • Built-in analog ground reference voltage generator circuit • All functions are controlled by serial input data. This IC supports the CCB standard. Package Dimensions unit: mm 3159-QFP64E [LC75397] 0.8 1.0 17.2 14.0 0.35 1.6 1.0 0.15 1.6 1.0 33 48 32 49 0.8 64 1 16 15.6 3.0max 17 1.0 • Volume control: The chip provides 81 levels of volume attenuation: in 1dB step between 0 dB and –79 dB and –∞. This circuit can control a total of 5 independent channels. • Equalizer: The chip provides control in 2-dB steps over the range between +10 dB and –10 dB. Three of the four bands have peaking equalization; the remaining one, shelving equalization. • Selector: The left and right channels each offer a choice of six inputs. The L6 and R6 inputs can be turned on and off independently. An external constant determines the amplification for the input signal. • Input gain: The input signal can be amplified by 0 to +30 dB in 2dB steps. • Bass control: The bass can be controlled over a ±10 dB range in 2-dB steps. 17.2 14.0 Functions 0.1 2.7 0.8 SANYO: QFP64E (QIP64E) • CCB is a trademark of SANYO ELECTRIC CO., LTD. • CCB is SANYO’s original bus format and all the bus addresses are controlled by SANYO. Any and all SANYO products described or contained herein do not have specifications that can handle applications that require extremely high levels of reliability, such as life-support systems, aircraft’s control systems, or other applications whose failure can be reasonably expected to result in serious physical and/or material damage. Consult with your SANYO representative nearest you before using any SANYO products described or contained herein in such applications. SANYO assumes no responsibility for equipment failures that result from using products at values that exceed, even momentarily, rated values (such as maximum ratings, operating condition ranges, or other parameters) listed in products specifications of any and all SANYO products described or contained herein. SANYO Electric Co.,Ltd. Semiconductor Company TOKYO OFFICE Tokyo Bldg., 1-10, 1 Chome, Ueno, Taito-ku, TOKYO, 110-8534 JAPAN 40799RM (OT) No. 6108-1/26 LC75397E Specifications Absolute Maximum Ratings at Ta = 25°C, VSS = 0 V Parameter Symbol Maximum supply voltage Conditions Ratings VDD max VDD Maximum input voltage VIN max CL, DI, CE, L1 to L6, R1 to R6, LTIN, RTIN, LVR1IN, RVR1IN, LVR2IN, RVR2IN, LVR3IN Allowable power dissipation Pd max Ta ≤ 75°C, with PC board* Unit 11 V VSS – 0.3 to VDD + 0.3 V 1000 mW Operating temperature Topr –30 to +75 °C Storage temperature Tstg –40 to +125 °C Note : * Printed circuit board size: 76.1 × 114.3 × 1.6 mm, printed circuit board material: glass/Epoxy resin Allowable Operating Ranges at Ta = – 30 to + 75°C, VSS = 0 V Parameter Symbol Conditions Ratings min typ max Unit Supply voltage VDD VDD 6.0 10.5 Input high level voltage VIH CL, DI, CE 4.0 VDD V Input low level voltage VIL CL, DI, CE VSS 1.0 V Input voltage amplitude VIN CL, DI, CE, L1 to L6, R1 to R6, LTIN, RTIN, LVR1IN, RVR1IN, LVR2IN, RVR2IN, LVR3IN VSS VDD Vp-p tøW Input pulse width V CL 1.0 µs Setup time tSETUP CL, DI, CE 1.0 µs Hold time tHOLD CL, DI, CE 1.0 Operating frequency fopg CL µs 500 kHz Electrical Characteristics at Ta = 25°C, VDD = 10 V, VSS = 0 V Parameter Symbol Conditions Ratings min typ max Unit [Input block] Input resistance Rin L1 to L6, R1 to R6 Clipping level Vcl LSELO, RSELO: THD = 1.0% Output load resistance RL LSELO, RSELO Rin LVR1IN, RVR1IN, LVR2IN, RVR2IN, LVR3IN Geq Max, boost/cut 50 kΩ 3.00 Vrms 10 kΩ [Volume control block] Input resistance 50 kΩ [Bass control block] Control range Step resolution Internal feedback resistance Estep ±8 ±10 ±12 dB 1 2 3 dB Rbb1 1.3 Rbb2 58 kΩ [F1/F2 band equalizer control block] Control range ±8 ±10 ±12 Step resolution Estep Geq Max. boost/cut 1 2 3 dB dB Internal feedback resistor Rfeed 31 51.8 73 kΩ dB [F3/F4 band equalizer control block] Control range ±8 ±10 ±12 Step resolution Estep Geq Max. boost/cut 1 2 3 dB Internal feedback resistor Rfeed 17 28 39 kΩ 0.01 % [Overall characteristics] Total harmonic distortion Crosstalk Output noise voltage Output at maximum attenuation THD VIN = 1 Vrms, f = 1 kHz, with all controls flat overall CT VIN = 1 Vrms, f = 1 kHz, with all controls flat overall, Rg = 1 kΩ 80 dB VN 1 With all controls flat overall, 80 kHz, L.P.F 10.2 µV VN 2 Bass band = +10dB, With all controls overall, 80 kHz, L.P.F 10.6 µV With all controls flat overall –90 dB 58 mA VO min Current drain IDD VDD – VSS = 10.5 V Input high level current IIH CL, DI, CE, VIN = 10.5 V Input low level current IIL CL, DI, CE, VIN = 0 V 10 –10 µA µA No. 6108-2/26 LC75397E Pin Assignment LC75397E Top view No. 6108-3/26 [f0 ≈ 39 Hz] [f0 ≈ 1984 Hz] Control circuit [f0 ≈ 148 Hz] [f0 ≈ 148 Hz] [f0 ≈ 1984 Hz] LC75397E [f0 ≈ 39 Hz] [f0 ≈ 69 Hz] Logic circuit [f0 ≈ 69 Hz] [fc ≈ 20000 Hz] CCB interface [fc ≈ 20000 Hz] LC75397E Sample Application Circuit No. 6108-4/26 LC75397E Control System Timing and Data Formats To control the LC75397E, specified sequences are required to be input through the pins CE, CL, and DI. Each sequence consists of 48 bits: an 8-bit address followed by 56 bits of data. 1us ≤ T DEST 1. Address Code (B0 to A3) This product uses an 8-bit address code, and supports the same specifications as other Sanyo CCB serial bus products. Address code (LSB) 2. Control Code Allocations Input switching control (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5) Input switching control (L6, R6) D0 D1 D2 0 0 0 L1 (R1) ON 1 0 0 L2 (R2) ON 0 1 0 L3 (R3) ON 1 1 0 L4 (R4) ON 0 0 1 L5 (R5) OFF 1 0 1 Switch all OFF 0 1 1 Switch all OFF 1 1 1 Switch all OFF D3 Operation Operation 1 L6 (R6) OFF 0 L6 (R6) ON No. 6108-5/26 LC75397E Input gain control Bass and 4-band equalizer control D4 D5 D6 D7 0 0 0 0 Operation 0 dB 1 0 0 0 +2 dB 0 1 0 0 +4 dB 1 1 0 0 +6 dB 0 0 1 0 +8 dB 1 0 1 0 +10 dB 0 1 1 0 +12 dB 1 1 1 0 +14 dB 0 0 0 1 +16 dB 1 0 0 1 +18 dB 0 1 0 1 +20 dB 1 1 0 1 +22 dB 0 0 1 1 +24 dB 1 0 1 1 +26 dB 0 1 1 1 +28 dB 1 1 1 1 +30 dB D8 D9 D10 D11 Bus D12 D13 D14 D15 f1 band D16 D17 D18 D19 f2 band D20 D21 D22 D23 f3 band D24 D25 D26 D27 f4 band 1 0 1 0 +10 dB 0 0 1 0 +8 dB 1 1 0 0 +6 dB 0 1 0 0 +4 dB 1 0 0 0 +2 dB 0 0 0 0 0 dB 1 0 0 1 –2 dB 0 1 0 1 –4 dB 1 1 0 1 –6 dB 0 0 1 1 –8 dB 1 0 1 1 –10 dB No. 6108-6/26 LC75397E Volume control D28 D29 D30 D31 D32 D33 D34 D35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Operation 0 dB 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 –1 dB 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 –2 dB 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 –3 dB 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 –4 dB 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 –5 dB 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 –6 dB 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 –7 dB 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 –8 dB 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 –9 dB 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 –10 dB 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 –11 dB 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 –12 dB 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 –13 dB 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 –14 dB 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 –15 dB 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 –16 dB 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 –17 dB 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 –18 dB 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 –19 dB 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 –20 dB 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 –21 dB 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 –22 dB 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 –23 dB 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 –24 dB 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 –25 dB 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 –26 dB 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 –27 dB 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 –28 dB 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 –29 dB 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 –30 dB 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 –31 dB 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 –32 dB 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 –33 dB 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 –34 dB 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 –35 dB 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 –36 dB 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 –37 dB 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 –38 dB 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 –39 dB 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 –40 dB 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 –41 dB 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 –42 dB 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 –43 dB 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 –44 dB 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 –45 dB 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 –46 dB 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 –47 dB 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 –48 dB 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 –49 dB 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 –50 dB Continued on next page. No. 6108-7/26 LC75397E Continued from preceding page. Channel selection control Volume 1 control Volume 2 control Volume 3 control Test mode control D28 D29 D30 D31 D32 D33 D34 D35 Operation 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 –51 dB 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 –52 dB 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 –53 dB 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 –54 dB 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 –55 dB 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 –56 dB 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 –57 dB 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 –58 dB 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 –59 dB 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 –60 dB 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 –61 dB 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 –62 dB 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 –63 dB 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 –64 dB 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 –65 dB 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 –66 dB 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 –67 dB 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 –68 dB 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 –69 dB 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 –70 dB 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 –71 dB 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 –72 dB 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 –73 dB 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 –74 dB 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 –75 dB 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 –76 dB 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 –77 dB 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 –78 dB 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 –79 dB 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 –∞ D36 D37 Operation 0 0 Initial setting 1 0 Righ channel 0 1 Left channel 1 1 Simulataneous left and right D38 Operation 0 Control off 1 Control enabled D39 Operation 0 Control off 1 Control enabled D40 Operation 0 Control off 1 Control enabled Right channel control is enabled when D36 is set to 1. Left channel control is enabled when D37 is set to 1. Right channel control is enabled when D36 is set to 1. Left channel control is enabled when D37 is set to 1. Control of this function is enabled when D37 is set to 1. D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 These bits are for chip testing and must all be set to 0 in application systems. No. 6108-8/26 LC75397E Pin Functions Pin No. Pin 55 L1 54 L2 53 L3 52 L4 51 L5 50 L6 58 R1 59 R2 60 R3 61 R4 62 R5 63 R6 49 LSELO 64 RSELO 48 LBB1 47 LBB2 1 RBB1 2 RBB2 46 LBBOUT 3 RBBOUT 45 LTIN 4 RTIN 44 LF1C1 43 LF1C2 5 RF1C1 6 RF1C2 42 LF2C1 41 LF2C2 7 RF2C1 8 RF2C2 Function Equivalent circuit Signal inputs Input selector outputs Bass circuit inputs and outputs Equalizer inputs Connections for the resistors and capacitors that form the F1 band equalizer. Connections for the resistors and capacitors that form the F2 band equalizer. Continued on next page. No. 6108-9/26 LC75397E Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin 37 LF4 12 RF4 40 LF3C1 39 LF3C2 38 LF3C3 9 RF3C1 10 RF3C2 11 RF3C3 Function Equivalent circuit Connections for the capacitors that form the equqlizer F4 band filters Connections for external capacitors Connections for the resistors and capacitors that form the F3 band equalizer. 36 LTOUT 13 RTOUT Connections for the resistors and capacitors that form the F3 band equalizer. 35 LVR1IN • Left channel volume input 1 34 LVR2IN • Left channel volume input 2 33 LVR3IN • Left channel volume input 3 14 RVR1IN • Right channel volume input 1 15 RVR2IN • Right channel volume input 2 32 LVR3OUT • Left channel volume output 3 31 LVR2OUT • Left channel volume output 2 30 LVR1OUT • Left channel volume output 1 18 RVR2OUT • Right channel volume output 2 19 RVR1OUT • Right channel volume output 1 Continued on next page. No. 6108-10/26 LC75397E Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Function 21 Vref • A capacitor with a value of a few tens of µF must be inserted between Vref and AVSS (VSS) to reduce power supply ripple in the 0.5 × VDD voltage generator block used for analog ground. 56 VSS Ground 26 VDD Power supply Equivalent circuit • Chip enable 25 CE 24 DI 23 CL 22 TEST When this pin goes from high to low, data is written to an internal latch and the analog switches operate. Data transfers are enables when this pin is at the high level. • Serial data and clock inputs for chip control • Electronic volume control test pin. This pin must be held at the VSS potential. 16 17 20 27 NC • Unused pins. These pins must either be left open or connected to VSS. 28 29 57 No. 6108-11/26 LC75397E Equivalent Circuit Diagram (1) Selector Control Block Right channel same as left Unit (resistance : kΩ) No. 6108-12/26 LC75397E (2) Bass control block internal equivalent circuit The right channel is identical. Units (resistance: kΩ) No. 6108-13/26 LC75397E (3) F1/F2 band equalizer block internal equivalent circuit Right channel same as left Unit (resistance: kΩ) When providing boost, switches SW1 and SW3 are on, and when providing cut, switches SW2 and SW4 are on. In 0-dB mode (through), the 0-dB switch and switches SW2 and SW3 are on. (4) F3/F4 band equalizer block internal equivalent circuit Right channel same as left Unit (resistance: kΩ) No. 6108-14/26 LC75397E Volume block internal equivalent circuit Right channel same as left Unit (resistance: kΩ) No. 6108-15/26 LC75397E Test Circuits Total Harmonic Distortion The left channel is identical Unit (capacitance : F) No. 6108-16/26 LC75397E Output Noise Voltage The left channel is identical Unit (resistance : Ω, capacitance : F) No. 6108-17/26 LC75397E Crosstalk The left channel is identical Unit (resistance : Ω, capacitance : F) No. 6108-18/26 LC75397E External Capacitor Calculations 1. Bass circuit The value of the external capacitor used by the LC75397E bass control can be calculated as shown in the example below. Sample calculation: For a center frequency f0 of 39 Hz Substitute the LC75397E internal resistors R1 and R2 shown below into the above formula. This allows the value of the capacitor, C, to be calculated. R1 = 1.3 kΩ R2 = 57.993 kΩ Assume C1 = C2 = C. 1 C = —————— 2πf0 R1R2 1 C = ——————————— ≠ 0.47 µF 2π × 39 × 1300 × 58000 Formula for calculating the gain: R1 = 1.3 kΩ R2U = 1.476 kΩ R2L = 56.517 kΩ R1 R1 (R2U + R2L) G = (—————)2 + (—————————————)2 = 3.16 = 10 dB R1 + R2U (R1 + R2U) R1 (R2U + R2L) Formula for calculating Q: R1 (R2U + R2L) Q = —————————————— ≠G (R1 + R2U) R1 (R2U + R2L) No. 6108-19/26 LC75397E 2. F1/F2 band circuits This section presents the equivalent circuit and the formulas used to calculate the external resistor and capacitor values to provide a center frequency of 148 Hz. • F1/F2 band equivalent circuit • Sample calculation Specifications: Center frequency: f0 = 148 Hz Gain at maximum boost: G+10dB = 10 dB Assume R1 = 51.8 kΩ and C1 = C2 = C. (1) Determine R2 from the specification that G+10dB = 10 dB. ( R1 G+10dB = 20 × LOG10 1 + —— 2R2 ) R1 51800 R2 = ———————— = ——————— = 11979.7 ≠ 12 kΩ 2 (10G+10dB/20 – 1) 2 × (3.162 – 1) (2) Determine C from the specification that the center frequency f0 = 148 Hz. 1 f0 = ———————— 2πf R1R2C1C2 1 1 C = —————— = ——————————— = 0.0431 × 10–6 ≠ 0.044 µF 2πf0 R1R2 2π × 148 51800 × 12000 (3) Determine Q. C · C · R1 1 51800 Q = ————— · ————— = ———————— = 1.039 2C R1R2CC 2 51800 × 12000 No. 6108-20/26 LC75397E 3. F3/F4 band circuits The F3 band circuit supports peaking characteristics and the F4 band circuit supports shelving characteristics. (1) Peaking characteristics (F3 band) The external capacitor is used to construct a simulated inductor. This section presents the equivalent circuit and the formulas for determining the desired center frequency. (a) Simulated inductor equivalent circuit (F3 band) Z0: Impedance at resonance (F4 band) (b) Sample calculation Specifications: 1) Center frequency: f0 = 107 Hz 2) Q at maximum boost: Q+10dB = 0.8 (1) Determine the sharpness, Q0, of the simulated inductor itself. Q0 = (R1 + R4) / R1 × Q+10dB ≈ 4.270 (2) Determine C1. C1 = 1/2πf0R1Q0 ≈ 0.536 (µF) (3) Determine C2. C2 = Q0 / 2πf0R2 ≈ 0.021 (µF) (c) Reference values for C1 and C2 Center frequency f0 (Hz) C1 (F) C2 (F) 107 0.536 µ 0.021 µ 340 0.169 µ 6663P 1070 0.054 µ 2117P 3400 0.017 µ 666P (2) Shelving characteristics (F4 band) Gains of ±10 dB (in 2-dB steps) with respect to a target frequency can be achieved by using an external capacitor C3 with a calculated according to the formula F shown below. No. 6108-21/26 LC75397E Equivalent circuit and formula when boosting. Sample calculation Specifications: 1) Target frequency: f = 17,000 Hz 2) R1= 2,819 kΩ, R2 = 7.5 kΩ 1 C = ———————————— 2 R2 2πf ————— – R12 10G/20 – 1 ( ) 1 = —————————————— 7500 2– (2819)2 2π × 17000 ———— 3.16 – 1 ≠ 4600 (pF) ( ) No. 6108-22/26 Gain, G — dBV Gain, G — dBV Frequency, f — Hz Settings: +10 dB to –10 dB, starting at the top F2 Band Frequency Characteristics Frequency, f — Hz Settings: +10 dB to –10 dB, starting at the top <Conditions> VDD = +10 V VSS = 0 V VIN = –20 dBV External C = 3200 pF External R = 12 kΩ VDD = +10 V VSS = 0 V VIN = –20 dBV External C = 0.044 µF External R = 12 kΩ Volume attenuation — dBV Gain, G — dBV F1 Band Frequency Characteristics Settings: +10 dB to –10 dB, starting at the top Frequency, f — Hz Bass Band Frequency Characteristics Step — dB Volume Step Characteristics VDD = +10 V VSS = 0 V VIN = –20 dBV External capacitance C = 0.47 µF VDD = +10 V VSS = 0 V VIN = 0 dBV f = 1 kHz Over all LC75397E No. 6108-23/26 Total harmonic distortion, THD — % Total harmonic distortion, THD — % Volume : 0 dB position Frequency, f — Hz Volume : 0 dB position Volume : –10 dB position THD—Frequency Chapacteristics (2) Frequency, f — Hz Volume : –10 dB position <Conditions> VDD = +10 V VSS = 0 V VIN = 0 dBV 80 kHz low pass weighting Gain : 0 dB Graphic equalizer : flat <Conditions> VDD = +10 V VSS = 0 V VIN = 0 dBV 80 kHz low pass weighting Gain : 0 dB Graphic equalizer : flat Gain, G — dBV Gain, G — dBV THD—Frequency Chapacteristics (1) Frequency, f — Hz Settings: +10 dB to –10 dB, starting at the top F4 Band Frequency Characteristics Frequency, f — Hz Settings: +10 dB to –10 dB, starting at the top F3 Band Frequency Characteristics <Conditions> VDD = +10 V VSS = 0 V VIN = –20 dBV External C = 4700 pF <Conditions> VDD = +10 V VSS = 0 V VIN = –20 dBV External C1 = 0.18 µF External C2 = 0.15 µF LC75397E No. 6108-24/26 Total harmonic distortion, THD — % Total harmonic distortion, THD — % f = 1 kHz f = 1 kHz Input level, VIN — dBV f = 20 kHz THD — Input Level Characteristics (2) Input level, VIN — dBV f = 20 kHz THD — Input Level Characteristics (1) <Conditions> VDD = 10 V VSS = 0 V 80 kHz low pass weighting Volume : –10 dB position Graphic equalizer : flat <Conditions> VDD = 10 V VSS = 0 V 80 kHz low pass weighting Volume : 0 dB position Graphic equalizer : flat Supply voltage, VDD — V Volume : 0 dB position Volume : –10 dB position THD — Supply Voltage Characteristics (2) Supply voltage, VDD — V Volume : 0 dB position Volume : –10 dB position THD — Supply Voltage Characteristics (1) <Conditions> VSS = 0 V VIN = –10 dBV 80 kHz low pass weighting Gain : 0 dB Graphic equalizer : flat <Conditions> VDD = 0 V VIN = 0 dBV f = 1 kHz 80 kHz low pass weighting Gain : 0 dB Graphic equalizer : flat LC75397E No. 6108-25/26 Total harmonic distortion, THD — % LC75397E Usage Notes • When the power is first applied, the internal analog switches are in indeterminate states. The chip therefore requires muting or other external measures until it has received the proper data. • After power is first applied, applications must initialize this chip by sending the initial data (1) and (2) described below. • Provide grounding patterns or shielding for the lines to the CL, DI, and CE pins so as to prevent their high-frequency digital signals from interfering with the operation of nearby analog circuits. Specifications of any and all SANYO products described or contained herein stipulate the performance, characteristics, and functions of the described products in the independent state, and are not guarantees of the performance, characteristics, and functions of the described products as mounted in the customer’s products or equipment. To verify symptoms and states that cannot be evaluated in an independent device, the customer should always evaluate and test devices mounted in the customer’s products or equipment. SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. strives to supply high-quality high-reliability products. However, any and all semiconductor products fail with some probability. It is possible that these probabilistic failures could give rise to accidents or events that could endanger human lives, that could give rise to smoke or fire, or that could cause damage to other property. When designing equipment, adopt safety measures so that these kinds of accidents or events cannot occur. Such measures include but are not limited to protective circuits and error prevention circuits for safe design, redundant design, and structural design. In the event that any or all SANYO products (including technical data, services) described or contained herein are controlled under any of applicable local export control laws and regulations, such products must not be exported without obtaining the export license from the authorities concerned in accordance with the above law. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. Any and all information described or contained herein are subject to change without notice due to product/technology improvement, etc. When designing equipment, refer to the “Delivery Specification” for the SANYO product that you intend to use. Information (including circuit diagrams and circuit parameters) herein is for example only; it is not guaranteed for volume production. SANYO believes information herein is accurate and reliable, but no guarantees are made or implied regarding its use or any infringements of intellectual property rights or other rights of third parties. This catalog provides information as of April, 1999. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. PS No. 6108-26/26