19-1443; Rev 0; 4/99 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches The MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 are low-voltage, CMOS analog ICs configured as an 8-to-1 multiplexer (MAX4558), a dual 4-to-1 multiplexer (MAX4559), and a triple single-pole/double-throw (SPDT) switch (MAX4560). Each switch is protected against ±15kV electrostatic discharge (ESD) shocks, without latchup or damage. These CMOS devices can operate continuously from dual supplies of ±2V to ±6V or from a +2V to +12V single supply. Each switch can handle Rail-to-Rail® analog signals. The off-leakage current is only 1nA at +25°C or 10nA at +85°C max. All digital inputs have +0.8V to +2.4V logic thresholds, ensuring TTL/CMOS-logic compatibility when using a single +5V supply or dual ±5V supplies. Features ♦ ESD-Protected X, Y, Z and X_, Y_, Z_ Pins ±15kV (Human Body Model) ±12kV (IEC 1000-4-2, Air-Gap Discharge) ±8kV (IEC 1000-4-2, Contact Discharge) ♦ Pin-Compatible with Industry-Standard 74HC4051/74HC4052/74HC4053 ♦ Guaranteed On-Resistance 220Ω with Single +5V Supply 160Ω with ±5V Supply ♦ RON Match Between Channels: 2Ω (typ) ♦ Guaranteed Low leakage Currents 1nA Off-Leakage (at +25°C) 1nA On-Leakage (at +25°C) ♦ TTL-Compatible Inputs with +5V/±5V Supplies Applications ♦ Low Distortion: < 0.02% (600Ω) ♦ Low Crosstalk: < -93dB (50Ω) Battery-Operated Equipment ♦ High Off-Isolation: < -96dB (50Ω) Audio and Video Signal Routing Ordering Information Low-Voltage Data-Acquisition Systems Communications Circuits PART High-ESD Environments TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX4558CEE 0°C to +70°C 16 QSOP MAX4558CSE MAX4558CPE 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola, Ltd. Pin Configurations/Functional Diagrams TOP VIEW MAX4559 MAX4558 MAX4560 16 VCC Y0 1 16 VCC Y1 1 16 VCC X6 2 15 X2 Y2 2 15 X2 Y0 2 15 Y X 3 14 X1 Y 3 14 X1 Z1 3 14 X X7 4 13 X0 Y3 4 13 X Z 4 13 X1 X5 5 12 X3 Y1 5 12 X0 Z0 5 12 X0 11 A ENABLE 6 11 X3 ENABLE 6 11 A 10 B VEE 7 VEE 7 10 B X4 1 ENABLE 6 VEE 7 LOGIC GND 8 9 DIP/SO/QSOP C LOGIC GND 8 10 A 9 DIP/SO/QSOP B GND 8 9 C DIP/SO/QSOP ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800. For small orders, phone 1-800-835-8769. MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 General Description MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Voltages referenced to VEE) VCC ........................................................................ -0.3V to +13V Voltage into Any Terminal (Note 1).... (VEE - 0.3V) to (VCC + 0.3V) Continuous Current into Any Terminal .............................±10mA Peak Current, X, Y, Z, X_, Y_, Z_ (pulsed at 1ms, 10% duty cycle) ..................................±30mA ESD per Method IEC 1000-4-2 (X, Y, Z, X_, Y_, Z_) Air-Gap Discharge ......................................................... ±12kV Contact Discharge ............................................................±8kV ESD per Method 3015.7 VCC, VEE, A, B, C, ENABLE, GND ................................ ±2.5kV X, Y, Z, X_, Y_, Z_............................................................±15kV Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) QSOP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C) .................... 640mW Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/°C above +70°C) .............696mW DIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C) .......................842mW Operating Temperature Ranges MAX45_ _C_E ......................................................0°C to +70°C MAX45_ _E_E ...................................................-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300°C Note 1: Signals on any terminal exceeding VCC or VEE are clamped by internal diodes. Limit forward diode current to maximum current rating. Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual ±5V Supplies (VCC = +4.5V to +5.5V, VEE = -4.5V to -5.5V, V_H = +2.4V, V_L = +0.8V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP MAX (Note 2) UNITS ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range On-Resistance On-Resistance Match Between Channels (Note 3) VX_, VY_, VZ_, VX, VY, VZ C, E RON VCC = 4.5V; VEE = -4.5V; IX, IY, IZ = 1mA; VX_, VY_, VZ_ = ±3V +25°C ∆RON VCC = 4.5V; VEE = -4.5V; IX, IY, IZ = 1mA; VX_, VY_, VZ_ = ±3V +25°C VCC = 4.5V; VEE = -4.5V; IX, IY, IZ = 1mA; VX_, VY_, VZ_ = -3V, 0V, 3V +25°C +25°C -1 C, E -10 On-Resistance Flatness (Note 4) RFLAT(ON) X_, Y_ , Z_ Off-Leakage Current (Note 5) IX_(OFF), IY_(OFF), IZ_(OFF) VCC = 5.5V; VEE = -5.5V; VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 4.5V, -4.5V; VX, VY, VZ = -4.5V, 4.5V X, Y, Z Off-Leakage Current (Note 5) IX(OFF), IY(OFF), IZ(OFF) VCC = 5.5V; VEE = -5.5V; VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 4.5V, -4.5V; VX, VY, VZ = -4.5V, 4.5V X, Y, Z On-Leakage Current (Note 5) 2 V- IX(ON), IY(ON), IZ(ON) VCC = 5.5V; VEE = -5.5V; VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 4.5V, 4.5V; VX, VY, VZ = 4.5V, -4.5V 110 C, E V+ V 160 Ω 180 2 C, E 6 8 3 C, E 8 10 0.002 Ω Ω 1 nA MAX4558 MAX4559 MAX4560 MAX4558 MAX4559 MAX4560 10 +25°C -2 C, E -20 0.002 2 +25°C -1 0.002 1 10 20 C, E -10 0.002 +25°C -2 0.002 C, E -20 +25°C -1 0.002 1 C, E -10 0.002 10 2 20 _______________________________________________________________________________________ nA nA ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches (VCC = +4.5V to +5.5V, VEE = -4.5V to -5.5V, V_H = +2.4V, V_L = +0.8V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP MAX (Note 2) UNITS DIGITAL I/O Input Logic High VA_, VB_, VC_, VEN C, E Input Logic Low VA_, VB_, VC_, VEN C, E Input Current Logic High or Low VA_, VB_, VC_, VEN VA, VB, VC, VEN = VCC or 0 2.4 V 0.8 V C, E -1 1 µA V POWER SUPPLY Power-Supply Range VCC, VEE C, E ±2 ±6 Supply Current, VCC or VEE VCC = 5.5V; VEE = -5.5V; VA, VB, VC, VEN = 0 or VCC +25°C -1 1 C, E -10 10 ICC µA SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Turn-On Time tON VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 3V; RL = 300Ω; CL = 35pF; Figure 1 +25°C Turn-Off Time tOFF VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 3V; RL = 300Ω; CL = 35pF; Figure 1 +25°C Address Transition Time tTRANS VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 3V; RL = 300Ω; CL = 35pF; Figure 1 +25°C Break-Before-Make Delay tOPEN VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 3V; RL = 300Ω; CL = 35pF; Figure 2 +25°C VX, VY, VZ = 0; RS = 0; CL = 1nF; Figure 3 VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 0; f = 1MHz; Figure 5 Q Charge Injection CX_(OFF), VX_, VY_, VZ_ Off-Capacitance CY_(OFF), CZ_(OFF) VX, VY, VZ Off-Capacitance CX(OFF), CY(OFF), CZ(OFF) MAX4559 CON MAX4559 MAX4560 120 150 90 150 175 4 ns ns ns 15 ns +25°C 2.4 pC +25°C 2.5 pF 10 +25°C MAX4560 VX_, VY_, VZ_ = GND; f = 1MHz; Figure 5 55 C, E 6 pF 4 MAX4558 Switch On-Capacitance 150 175 C, E MAX4558 VX, VY, VZ = GND; f = 1MHz; Figure 5 90 C, E 15 +25°C 11 pF 9 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual ±5V Supplies (continued) MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual ±5V Supplies (continued) (VCC = +4.5V to +5.5V, VEE = -4.5V to -5.5V, V_H = +2.4V, V_L = +0.8V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP MAX (Note 2) UNITS Off-Isolation VISO CL = 15pF; RL = 50Ω; f = 100kHz; VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 1VRMS; Figure 4 +25°C -96 dB Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk VCT CL = 15pF; RL = 50Ω; f = 100kHz; VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 1VRMS; Figure 4 +25°C -93 dB Total Harmonic Distortion Total Harmonic Distortion THD THD 600Ω, TBD = 20Hz to RLL = 600Ω; VX_, V=Y_5Vp-p, , VZ_ =f 5Vp-p; f = 20Hz to 20kHz C, E +25°C 0.02 ESD SCR Positive Holding Current IH+ +25°C 110 +85°C 70 ESD SCR Negative Holding Current IH- +25°C 95 +85°C 65 180 Ω % mA mA ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Single +5V Supply (VCC = +4.5V to +5.5V, VEE = 0, V_H = +2.4V, V_L = +0.8V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP MAX (Note 2) UNITS ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range On-Resistance On-Resistance Match Between Channels (Note 3, 6) VX_, VY_, VZ_, VX, VY, VZ C, E RON VCC = 4.5V; IX, IY, IZ = 1mA; VX, VY, VZ = 3V ∆RON VCC = 4.5V; IX, IY, IZ = 1mA; VX, VY, VZ = 3V +25°C X, Y, Z Off-Leakage Current (Note 6) IX(OFF), IY(OFF), IZ(OFF) VCC = 5.5V; VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 1V, 4.5V; VX, VY, VZ = 4.5V, 1V X, Y, Z On-Leakage Current (Note 6) 4 3 C, E VCC = 5.5V; VX, VY, VZ = 1V, 4.5V, VX, VY, VZ = 4.5V, 1V MAX4558 MAX4559 MAX4560 MAX4558 MAX4559 MAX4560 V+ V 220 Ω 350 +25°C IX_(OFF), IY_(OFF), IZ_(OFF) VCC = 5.5V; VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 1V, 4.5V; VX, VY, VZ = 1V, 4.5V 150 C, E X_, Y_ , Z_ Off-Leakage Current (Note 6) IX(ON), IY(ON), IZ(ON) 0 10 Ω 12 +25°C -1 C, E -10 +25°C -2 0.002 1 nA C, E -20 +25°C -1 C, E -10 +25°C -2 10 0.002 2 20 0.002 1 nA 10 0.002 2 C, E -20 +25°C -1 0.002 20 1 C, E -10 0.002 10 _______________________________________________________________________________________ nA ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches (VCC = +4.5V to +5.5V, VEE = 0, V_H = +2.4V, V_L = +0.8V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP MAX (Note 2) UNITS DIGITAL I/O Input Logic High VA_, VB_, VC_, VEN C, E Input Logic Low VA_, VB_, VC_, VEN C, E Input Current Logic High or Low VA_, VB_, VC_, VEN VA, VB, VC, VEN = VCC or 0 C, E 2.4 V -1 0.8 V 1 µA SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS (Note 6) Turn-On Time tON VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 3V; RL = 300Ω; CL = 35pF; Figure 1 +25°C Turn-Off Time tOFF VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 3V; RL = 300Ω; CL = 35pF; Figure 1 +25°C Address Transition Time tTRANS VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 3V; RL = 300Ω; CL = 35pF; Figure 1 +25°C Break-Before-Make Delay tOPEN VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 3V; RL = 300Ω; CL = 35pF; Figure 3 Charge Injection Q VX, VY, VZ = 2.5V; RS = 0; CL = 1nF; Figure 3 110 C, E 50 C, E 150 200 110 C, E C, E 250 300 250 300 10 +25°C ns ns ns ns 1 pC POWER SUPPLY VCC Supply Current Power-Supply Range ICC VCC = 5.5V; VAH, VBH, VCH, VEN = 0 or VCC VCC, VEE +25°C -1 1 C, E -10 10 C, E +2 +12 µA V _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Single +5V Supply (continued) MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Single +3V Supply (VCC = +2.7V to +3.6V, V_H = +2.0V, V_L = +0.8V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP MAX (Note 2) UNITS ANALOG SWITCH On-Resistance RON VCC = 2.7V; IX, IY, IZ = 0.1mA; VX, VY, VZ = 1.5V +25°C 220 C, E 400 450 Ω DIGITAL I/O Input Logic High VA_, VB_, VC_, VEN C, E Input Logic Low VA_, VB_, VC_, VEN C, E Input Current Logic High or Low VA_, VB_, VC_, VEN VA, VB, VC, VEN = VCC or 0 C, E 1.5 V -1 0.5 V 1 µA SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS (Note 6) Turn-On Time tON VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 1.5V; RL = 1kΩ; CL = 35pF; Figure 1 +25°C Turn-Off Time tOFF VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 1.5V; RL = 1kΩ; CL = 35pF; Figure 1 +25°C Address Transition Time tTRANS VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 1.5V; RL = 1kΩ; CL = 35pF; Figure 1 +25°C Break-Before-Make Delay tOPEN VX_, VY_, VZ_ = 1.5V; RL = 1kΩ; CL = 35pF; Figure 2 Charge Injection Q VX, VY, VZ = 1.5V; RS = 0; CL = 1nF; Figure 3 180 C, E 90 C, E 250 300 180 C, E C, E 350 400 350 400 1.5 +25°C ns ns ns ns 0.5 pC POWER SUPPLY VCC Supply Current ICC VCC = 3.6V; VA_, VB_, VC_, VEN = 0 or VCC +25°C 1 C, E -10 0.5 1 10 µA Note 2: The algebraic convention is used in this data sheet; the most negative value is shown in the minimum column. Note 3: ∆RON = RON(MAX) - RON(MIN). Note 4: Flatness is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum value of on-resistance as measured over the specified analog signal ranges; i.e., VON = 3V to 0 and 0 to -3V. Note 5: Leakage parameters are 100% tested at the maximum-rated hot operating temperature and are guaranteed by correlation at TA = +25°C. Note 6: Guaranteed by design, not production tested. 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches VCC = +2V VEE = -2V 360 VCC = +3V VEE = -3V VCC = +5V VEE = -5V 80 60 VCC = +2.7V 240 VCC = +3.3V 100 90 80 180 TA = 0°C TA = +25°C TA = -40°C 70 40 120 20 60 60 VCC = +5V 40 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 VX, VY, VZ (V) ON-RESISTANCE vs. VX, VY, VZ AND TEMPERATURE (SINGLE SUPPLY) ON/OFF-LEAKAGE CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE CHARGE INJECTION vs. VX, VY, VZ TA = +70°C TA = -40°C MAX4558-06 8 6 4 OFF_LEAKAGE IX, IY, IZ 10 2 VCC = +5V VEE = -5V 0 -2 1 -4 OFF_LEAKAGE IX_, IY_, IZ_ VCC = +5V VEE = 0 50 40 VCC = +3V VEE = 0 -6 0.1 VCC = +5V VEE = -5V 0.01 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 VCC = +5V VEE = 0 -8 -10 -5 -50 -35 -20 -5 10 25 40 55 70 85 100 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 VX, VY, VZ (V) TEMPERATURE (°C) VX, VY, VZ (V) POWER-SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE SCR HOLDING CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE TURN-ON/TURN-OFF TIME vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE IEE 0.01 100 IH- 80 60 -10 10 30 50 TEMPERATURE (°C) 70 90 100 110 tON 90 70 tOFF 50 30 0 -30 MAX4558-09 130 IH+ 120 20 0.0001 150 140 40 0.001 5 160 tON, tOFF (ns) ICC 4 170 MAX4558-08 180 HOLDING CURRENT (mA) VCC = +5V VEE = -5V VA, VB, VC, VENABLE = 0.5V 0.1 200 MAX4558-07 10 5 10 ON_LEAKAGE IX, IY, IZ 100 4 12 MAX4558-05 1000 Q(pC) TA = +25°C TA = 0°C -50 -4 VX, VY, VZ (V) TA = +85°C 0 -5 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 VX, VY, VZ (V) LEAKAGE CURRENT (pA) 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 -4 MAX4558-04 -5 VCC = +5V VEE = -5V 50 VEE = 0 0 RON (Ω) TA = +70°C 110 300 RON (Ω) 100 RON (Ω) RON (Ω) 120 ICC, IEE (nA) TA = +85°C 130 120 140 1 VCC = +2V 420 140 MAX4558-02 480 MAX4558-01 180 160 ON-RESISTANCE vs. VX, VY, VZ AND TEMPERATURE (DUAL SUPPLIES) ON-RESISTANCE vs. VX, VY, VZ (SINGLE SUPPLY) MAX4558-03 ON-RESISTANCE vs. VX, VY, VZ (DUAL SUPPLIES) -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 TEMPERATURE (°C) 60 80 100 ±2.0 ±2.5 ±3.0 ±3.5 ±4.0 ±4.5 ±5.0 ±5.5 ±6.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VCC, VEE) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 Typical Operating Characteristics (VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY VCC = +5V VEE = -5V 600Ω IN AND OUT 0.024 tON 0 -20 70 RESPONSE (dB) THD (%) 80 0.022 0.021 tOFF 60 VCC = +5V VEE = -5V 0 20 40 60 -50 -60 OFF-ISOLATION CROSSTALK VCC = +5V VEE = -5V -90 0.018 -20 -40 -80 0.019 40 -40 -30 -70 0.020 50 INSERTION LOSS -10 0.023 90 MAX4558 toc12 100 FREQUENCY RESPONSE 0.025 MAX4558-10 110 MAX4558-11 TURN-ON/TURN-OFF TIME vs. TEMPERATURE tON, tOFF (ns) MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches 10 80 100 1k 10k 100k -100 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) TEMPERATURE (°C) 1M 10M 100M 1G FREQUENCY (Hz) Pin Description PIN 8 MAX4558 MAX4559 MAX4560 1, 2, 4, 5, 12–15 — — NAME X0–X7 FUNCTION Analog Switch Inputs 0–7 3 — — X — 11, 12, 14, 15 — X0, X1, X2, X3 Analog Switch Output — 13 14 X Analog Switch “X” Output — — 13 X1 Analog Switch “X” Normally Open Input — — 12 X0 Analog Switch “X” Normally Closed Input — — 1 Y1 Analog Switch “C” Normally Open Input — — 2 Y0 Analog Switch “C” Normally Closed Input 6 6 6 ENABLE 7 7 7 VEE Negative Analog Supply Voltage Input. Connect to GND for single-supply operation. Ground Analog Switch “X” Inputs 0–3 Digital Enable Input. Connect to GND to enable device. Drive high to set all switches off. 8 8 8 GND 11 10 11 A Digital Address “A” Input 10 9 10 B Digital Address “B” Input 9 — 9 C Digital Address “C” Input — 1, 2, 4, 5 — Y0, Y1, Y2, Y3 — 3 15 Y Analog Switch “Y” Output — — 5 Z0 Analog Switch “Z” Normally Closed Input — — 3 Z1 Analog Switch “Z” Normally Open Input — — 4 Z Analog Switch “Z” Output 16 16 16 VCC Analog Switch “Y” Inputs 0–3 Positive Analog and Digital Supply Voltage Input _______________________________________________________________________________________ ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches The MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 are ESD protected (per IEC 1000-4-2) at their X, Y, Z output pins and X_, Y_, Z_ input pins. These ICs feature on-chip bidirectional silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCRs) between the protected pins and GND. The SCRs are normally off and have a negligible effect on the switches’ performance. During an ESD strike, the voltages at the protected pins go Beyond-the-Rails™, causing the corresponding SCR(s) to turn on in a few nanoseconds. This bypasses the surge current safely to ground. This protection method is superior to using diode clamps to the supplies. Unless the supplies are very carefully decoupled through low-ESR capacitors, the ESD current through a diode clamp could cause a significant spike in the supplies, which might damage or compromise the reliability of any other chip powered by those same supplies. In addition to the SCRs at the ESD-protected pins, these devices provide internal diodes connected to the supplies. Resistors placed in series with these diodes limit the current flowing into the supplies during an ESD strike. The diodes protect the X, Y, Z and X_, Y_, Z_ pins from overvoltages due to improper power-supply sequencing. Once the SCR turns on because of an ESD strike, it remains on until the current through it falls below its “holding current.” The holding current is typically 110mA in the positive direction (current flowing into the pin) and 95mA in the negative direction at room temperature (see SCR Holding Current vs. Temperature in the Typical Operating Characteristics). The system should be designed so that any sources connected to the X, Y, Z or X_, Y_, Z_ pins are current limited to a value below the holding current. This ensures that the SCR turns off and normal operation resumes after an ESD event. Keep in mind that the holding currents vary significantly with temperature; they drop to 70mA (typ) in the positive direction and 65mA (typ) in the negative direction, at +85°C worst case. To guarantee turn-off of the SCRs under all conditions, current limit the sources connected to these pins to not more than half of these typical values. When the SCR is latched, the voltage across it is about ±3V, depending on the polarity of the pin current. The supply voltages do not affect the holding currents appreciably. When one or more SCRs turn on because of an ESD event, all switches in the part turn off to prevent current through the switch(es) from sustaining latchup. Even though most of the ESD current flows to GND through the SCRs, a small portion of it goes into the supplies. Therefore, it is a good idea to bypass the supply pins with 100nF capacitors to the ground plane. __________Applications Information ESD Protection The MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 are characterized for protection to the following: • ±15kV using the Human Body Model • ±8kV using the Contact Discharge method specified in IEC 1000-4-2 (formerly IEC 801-2) • ±12kV using the Air-Gap Discharge method specified in IEC 1000-4-2 (formerly IEC 801-2). Beyond-the-Rails is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products. Table 1. Truth Table/Switch Programming SELECT INPUTS ON SWITCHES ENABLE INPUT C* B A MAX4558 MAX4559 MAX4560 H X X X All switches open All switches open All switches open L L L L X-X0 X-X0, Y-Y0 X-X0, Y-Y0, Z-Z0 L L L H X-X1 X-X1, Y-Y1 X-X1, Y-Y0, Z-Z0 L L H L X-X2 X-X2, Y-Y2 X-X0, Y-Y1, Z-Z0 L L H H X-X3 X-X3, Y-Y3 X-X1, Y-Y1, Z-Z0 L H L L X-X4 X-X0, Y-Y0 X-X0, Y-Y0, Z-Z1 L H L H X-X5 X-X1, Y-Y1 X-X1, Y-Y0, Z-Z1 L H H L X-X6 X-X2, Y-Y2 X-X0, Y-Y1, Z-Z1 L H H H X-X7 X-X3, Y-Y3 X-X1, Y-Y1, Z-Z1 X = Don’t care * C not present on MAX4559. Note: Input and output pins are identical and interchangeable. Either may be considered an input or output; signals pass equally well in either direction. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 _______________Detailed Description MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches ESD Test Conditions ESD performance depends on several conditions. Contact Maxim for a reliability report that documents test setup, methodology, and results. Human Body Model Figure 6 shows the Human Body Model, and Figure 7 shows the current waveform it generates when discharged into a low impedance. This model consists of a 100pF capacitor charged to the ESD voltage of interest, which is then discharged into the test device through a 1.5kΩ resistor. Power-Supply Considerations The MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 are typical of most CMOS analog switches. They have three supply pins: VCC, VEE, and GND. VCC and VEE drive the internal CMOS switches and set the limits of the analog voltage on every switch. Internal reverse ESD-protection diodes connect between each analog signal pin and both VCC and VEE. If any analog signal exceeds VCC or VEE, one of these diodes conducts. The only currents drawn from VCC or VEE during normal operation are the leakage currents of these ESD diodes. Although the ESD diodes on a given signal pin are identical and therefore fairly well balanced, they are reverse biased differently. Each is biased by either VCC or VEE and the analog signal. Their leakage currents vary as the signal varies. The difference in the two diode leakages to the VCC and VEE pins constitutes the analog signal-path leakage current. All analog leakage current flows between each input and one of the supply 10 terminals, not to the other switch terminal. This is why both sides of a given switch can show leakage currents of either the same or opposite polarity. VCC and GND power the internal logic and logic-level translators, and set the input logic limits. The logic-level translators convert the logic levels into switched VCC and VEE signals to drive the gates of the analog switch. This drive signal is the only connection between the logic supplies and logic signals and the analog supplies. V CC and V EE have ESD-protection diodes to GND. The logic-level thresholds are TTL/CMOS compatible when VCC is +5V. As VCC rises, the threshold increases slightly. When V CC reaches +12V, the threshold is about 3.1V (above the TTL-guaranteed high-level minimum of 2.4V, but still compatible with CMOS outputs). High-Frequency Performance In 50Ω systems, signal response is reasonably flat up to 50MHz (see Typical Operating Characteristics ). Above 20MHz, the on response has several minor peaks that are highly layout dependent. The problem is not turning the switch on, but turning it off. The off-state switch acts like a capacitor and passes higher frequencies with less attenuation. At 1MHz, off-isolation is about -68dB in 50Ω systems, becoming worse (approximately 20dB per decade) as the frequency increases. Higher circuit impedance also degrades off-isolation. Adjacent channel attenuation is about 3dB above that of a bare IC socket and is entirely due to capacitive coupling. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches VCC A VENABLE VCC X0 B VCC VCC 50% 0V X1–X7 VX0 C 90% MAX4558 VENABLE ENABLE VOUT X GND 50Ω VEE VOUT 90% 35pF 0V 300Ω VEE tOFF tON VCC A B VENABLE VCC X0, Y0 VCC VCC 50% 0V X1–X3, Y1–Y3 VX0, VY0 90% MAX4559 VENABLE ENABLE X, Y GND VOUT VEE 50Ω 35pF VOUT 90% 0V 300Ω VEE tOFF tON VCC A VCC VENABLE X1, Y1, Z1 VCC VX0, VY0, VZ0 MAX4560 X0, Y0, Z0 VENABLE ENABLE VEE X, Y, Z GND 35pF 300Ω VEE 90% VOUT VEE 50Ω 50% 0V B C VCC VOUT 90% 0V tON tOFF V- = 0 FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION. REPEAT TEST FOR EACH SECTION. Figure 1. Switching Times ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued) VCC VCC VA, VB, VC 50Ω VA, VB VCC A X0–X7 VCC A VCC B X0–X3, Y0–Y3 B 50Ω VCC C MAX4559 MAX4558 ENABLE VOUT X VEE GND ENABLE X, Y GND 35pF VOUT VEE 35pF 300Ω 300Ω VEE VEE VCC VA, VB, VC A, B, C tR < 20ns tF < 20ns V+ VCC VA, VB, VC VCC X0, X1, Y0, Y1, Z0, Z1 50% 0V 50Ω VX, VY, VZ MAX4560 ENABLE 80% X, Y, Z GND VOUT VEE 35pF 300Ω VEE VOUT 0V VEE = 0 FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION. TEST EACH SECTION INDIVIDUALLY. tBBM Figure 2. Break-Before-Make Interval VCC VCC A CHANNEL SELECT VCC VENABLE X_, Y_, Z_ 0V B C VENABLE MAX4558 MAX4559 MAX4560 ENABLE GND X, Y, Z VEE 50Ω VEE VEE = 0V FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION. TEST EACH SECTION INDIVIDUALLY. VOUT VOUT CL = 1000pF ∆ VOUT IS THE MEASURED VOLTAGE DUE TO CHARGE TRANSFER ERROR Q WHEN THE CHANNEL TURNS OFF. Q = ∆ VOUT • CL Figure 3. Charge Injection 12 ∆ VOUT ______________________________________________________________________________________ ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches V+ 10nF VIN V+ X_, Y_, Z_ A CHANNEL SELECT NETWORK ANALYZER 50Ω 50Ω OFF-ISOLATION = 20log VOUT VIN B C MAX4558 MAX4559 MAX4560 ENABLE GND ON-LOSS = 20log VOUT X, Y, Z VEE MEAS. REF. CROSSTALK = 20log 50Ω VOUT VIN VOUT VIN 50Ω 10nF VEE MEASUREMENTS ARE STANDARDIZED AGAINST SHORTS AT SOCKET TERMINALS. OFF-ISOLATION IS MEASURED BETWEEN COM AND "OFF" NO TERMINAL ON EACH SWITCH. ON-LOSS IS MEASURED BETWEEN COM AND "ON" NO TERMINAL ON EACH SWITCH. CROSSTALK (MAX4559/MAX4560) IS MEASURED FROM ONE CHANNEL X_, Y_, Z_ TO ALL OTHER CHANNELS. SIGNAL DIRECTION THROUGH SWITCH IS REVERSED; WORST VALUES ARE RECORDED. Figure 4. Off-Isolation/On-Channel Bandwidth and Crosstalk VCC A CHANNEL SELECT VCC X_, Y_, Z_ B C ENABLE MAX4558 MAX4559 MAX4560 GND X, Y, Z VEE 1MHz CAPACITANCE ANALYZER VEE Figure 5. Channel Off/On-Capacitance ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued) MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued) RD 1500Ω RC 1M CHARGE-CURRENT LIMIT RESISTOR IP 100% 90% DISCHARGE RESISTANCE Ir PEAK-TO-PEAK RINGING (NOT DRAWN TO SCALE) AMPERES HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE Cs 100pF DEVICE UNDER TEST STORAGE CAPACITOR 36.8% 10% 0 0 Figure 6. Human Body ESD Test Model TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX4558EEE -40°C to +85°C 16 QSOP MAX4558ESE MAX4558EPE MAX4559CEE -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C 0°C to +70°C 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP 16 QSOP MAX4559CSE MAX4559CPE MAX4559EEE 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C -40°C to +85°C 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP 16 QSOP MAX4559ESE MAX4559EPE MAX4560CEE -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C 0°C to +70°C 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP 16 QSOP MAX4560CSE MAX4560CPE MAX4560EEE 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C -40°C to +85°C 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP 16 QSOP MAX4560ESE MAX4560EPE -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP 14 TIME tDL CURRENT WAVEFORM Figure 7. Human Body Model Current Waveform Ordering Information (continued) PART tRL ___________________Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 221 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches QSOP.EPS ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 Package Information ±15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, CMOS Analog Multiplexers/Switches PDIPN.EPS SOICN.EPS MAX4558/MAX4559/MAX4560 Package Information (continued) Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 16 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 1999 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.