MAXIM MAX9993

19-2596; Rev 0; 10/02
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
Features
♦ +23.5dBm Input IIP3
The MAX9993 integrates baluns in the RF and LO ports,
a dual-input LO selectable switch, an LO buffer, a double-balanced mixer, and a differential IF output amplifier. The MAX9993 requires a typical LO drive of +3dBm,
and supply current is guaranteed to below 230mA.
The MAX9993 is available in a compact 20-pin thin
QFN package (5mm ✕ 5mm) with an exposed pad.
Electrical performance is guaranteed over the extended
-40°C to +85°C temperature range.
The MAX9993 EV kit is available; contact the factory for
more information.
♦ 40MHz to 350MHz IF Frequency Range
♦ 1700MHz to 2200MHz RF Frequency Range
♦ 1400MHz to 2000MHz LO Frequency Range
♦ 8.5dB Conversion Gain
♦ 9.5dB Noise Figure
♦ Integrated LO Buffer
♦ Switch-Selectable (SPDT), Two LO Inputs
♦ Low 0 to +6dBm LO Drive
♦ 40dB LO1-to-LO2 Isolation
Applications
Ordering Information
UMTS and 3G Base Stations
PART
DCS1800 and EDGE Base Stations
MAX9993ETP-T
PCS1900 Base Stations
TEMP RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
-40°C to 85°C
20 Thin QFN-EP*
*EP = Exposed pad.
Point-to-Point Microwave Systems
Wireless Local Loop
Private Mobile Radio
Military Systems
Pin Configuration/Functional Diagram
16 LEXT
17 GND
18 IF-
19 IF+
20 IFBIAS
TOP VIEW
VCC
1
15 LO2
RF
2
14 GND
TAP
3
GND
4
12 GND
GND
5
11 LO1
13 GND
GND 10
LOSEL 9
VCC 8
LOBIAS 7
VCC 6
MAX9993
THIN QFN
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
1
MAX9993
General Description
The MAX9993 high-linearity down-conversion mixer
provides 8.5dB of gain, +23.5dBm IIP3, and 9.5dB NF
for UMTS, DCS, and PCS base-station applications.
MAX9993
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VCC ..........................................................................-0.3V to 5.5V
RF (RF is DC shorted to GND through balun).....................50mA
LO1, LO2 to GND ...............................................................±0.3V
TAP, IF+, IF- to GND ..................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V)
LOSEL to GND ................................-0.3V to (VCC (pin 8) + 0.3V)
LOBIAS, IFBIAS, LEXT to GND ..................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V)
RF and LO Input Power ..................................................+22dBm
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
20-Lead Thin QFN
(derate 30.3mW/°C above TA = +70°C) ....................2200mW
θJA ....................................................................................33°C/W
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Operating Circuit as shown, no input RF or LO signals applied. VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are
at VCC = 5.0V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
Supply Voltage
VCC
Supply Current
ICC
LOSEL Input High Voltage
VIH
LOSEL Input Low Voltage
VIL
LOSEL Input Current
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
4.75
5.00
5.25
V
Total supply current
202
230
VCC (pin 8)
87
105
IF+/IF- (total of both)
103
133
2.0
IIL and IIH
mA
V
-5
0.8
V
+5
µA
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Operating Circuit, 4.75V < VCC < 5.75V, -40°C < TA < +85°, RF and LO ports are driven from 50Ω sources, 0dBm < PLO <
+6dBm, PRF = -5dBm, 1700MHz < fRF < 2200MHz, 1400MHz < fLO < 2000MHz, fIF = 200MHz. Typical values are for TA = +25°C
VCC = 5.0V, PLO = +3dBm, fRF = 1900MHz, fLO = 1700MHz, 200MHz IF.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
RF Frequency
fRF
LO Frequency
fLO
IF Frequency
fIF
Conversion Gain
GC
Gain Variation Over Temperature
CONDITIONS
(Note 6)
(Note 3)
TA = -40°C to +85°C
Gain Variation from Nominal (3σ)
Input Compression Point
Input Third-Order Intercept Point
(Note 3)
2
P1dB
Two RF tones: -5dBm each at 1950MHz
and 1951MHz, LO: +3dBm at 1750MHz
MAX
UNITS
1700
MIN
TYP
2200
MHz
1400
2000
MHz
50
350
MHz
8.5
dB
0.0012
dB/°C
0.45
dB
12.6
dBm
24
dBm
IIP3
Two RF tones: -5dBm each at 2200MHz
and 2201MHz, LO: +3dBm at 2000MHz
23
_______________________________________________________________________________________
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
(Typical Operating Circuit, 4.75V < VCC < 5.75V, -40°C < TA < +85°, RF and LO ports are driven from 50Ω sources, 0dBm < PLO <
+6dBm, PRF = -5dBm, 1700MHz < fRF < 2200MHz, 1400MHz < fLO < 2000MHz, fIF = 200MHz. Typical values are for TA = +25°C
VCC = 5.0V, PLO = +3dBm, fRF = 1900MHz, fLO = 1700MHz, 200MHz IF.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
IIP3 Variation Over Temperature
CONDITIONS
MIN
TA = -40°C to +85°C
Noise Figure
NF
Required LO Drive
PLO
2✕2
Spurious Response at IF
3✕3
fRF = 1950MHz, fLO = 1750MHz,
measured single-side band
0
2 RF - 2 LO
PRF = -5dBm
fRF = 1950MHz
fLO = 1750MHz
fSPUR = 1850MHz
3 RF - 3 LO
PRF = -5dBm
fRF = 1950MHz
fLO = 1750MHz
fSPUR = 1816.66MHz
TYP
MAX
UNITS
±0.5
dB
9.5
dB
3
PLO = +3dBm
65
PLO = +6dBm
70
6
dBm
dBc
PLO = +3dBm
67
PLO = +6dBm
68
Maximum LO-to-RF Leakage
PLO = 0dBm to +6dBm,
fLO = 1400MHz to 2000MHz
-19
dBm
Maximum LO-to-IF Leakage
PLO = 0dBm to +6dBm,
fLO = 1400MHz to 2000MHz
-21
dBm
Minimum RF-to-IF Isolation
fRF = 1700MHz to 2200MHz
37
dB
Conversion Loss, LO to IF
PLO = +0dBm, inject -20dBm at 200MHz
into LO port, measure 200MHz at IF
28
dB
LO Switching Time
50% of LOSEL to IF settled to within
2 degrees
<50
ns
LO1-to-LO2 Isolation
(Note 4)
40
dB
19
dB
RF Return Loss
LO Return Loss
IF Return Loss
Note 1:
Note 2:
Note 3:
Note 4:
Note 5:
Note 6:
LO port selected
15
LO port unselected
14
RF terminated, PLO = +3dBm (Note 5)
15
dB
dB
Guaranteed by design and characterization.
All limits reflect losses of external components. Output measurements taken at IFOUT of the Typical Application Circuit.
Production tested.
Measured at IF port at IF frequency. fLO1 and fLO2 are offset by 1MHz, PLO1 = PLO2 = +3dBm.
IF return loss can be optimized by external matching components.
Operation outside this range is possible, but with degraded performance of some specifications.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
MAX9993
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics
(MAX9993 EV Kit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = +3dBm, LO is low-side injected for a 200MHz IF, TA = +25°C. For high-side LO
injection curves, LO frequency is beyond maximum specified range, and is shown for completeness.)
8
TA = +85°C
TA = -40°C
TA = +25°C
8
VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V
6
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY
HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
TA = -40°C
TA = +85°C
75
70
6
85
PRF = -5dBm
80
2 RF- 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc)
8
TA = +25°C
80
2 RF- 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc)
9
TA = +85°C
PRF = -5dBm
MAX9993-05
MAX9993-04
85
TA = +25°C
65
60
55
PLO = +6dBm
MAX9993-06
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
50
75
70
65
60
PLO = +3dBm
55
PLO = 0dBm
50
TA = -40°C
45
45
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY
HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
65
60
VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V
55
MAX9993-08
TA = +85°C
25
70
65
60
55
TA = +25°C
24
TA = -40°C
23
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
45
45
26
75
50
50
TA = -40°C
INPUT IP3 (dBm)
VCC = 5.25V
70
PRF = -5dBm
80
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE (dBc)
80
85
MAX9993-07
PRF = -5dBm
MAX9993-09
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
85
4
8
7
6
10
75
PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm, +6dBm
9
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
11
CONVERSION GAIN (dB)
9
7
6
7
10
CONVERSION GAIN (dB)
9
7
11
10
CONVERSION GAIN (dB)
CONVERSION GAIN (dB)
10
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993-02
11
MAX9993-01
11
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993-03
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
2 RF- 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc)
MAX9993
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
22
21
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
PLO = +6dBm
VCC = 5.25V
PLO = +3dBm
PLO = 0dBm
23
22
24
23
VCC = 5.0V
VCC = 4.75V
22
21
24
TA = +85°C
21
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPUT P1dB vs. RF REQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
13
PLO = 0dBm
12
14
INPUT P1dB (dBm)
PLO = +3dBm, +6dBm
VCC = 5.25C
VCC = 5.0V
13
12
VCC = 4.75V
TA = -40°C
11
11
11
10
10
10
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY
HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
12
TA = -40°C
10
TA = -40°C
PLO1 = PLO2 = +3dBm
∆fLO = 1MHz
42
41
40
39
TA = +25°C
38
37
44
TA = +85°C
43
LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB)
13
LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB)
TA = +25°C
43
MAX9993 toc17
MAX9993 toc16
TA = +85°C
44
PLO1 = PLO2
∆fLO = 1MHz
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
36
35
35
34
PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm
MAX9993 toc18
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
15
INPUT P1dB (dBm)
MAX9993 toc15
14
INPUT P1dB (dBm)
15
MAX9993 toc14
15
MAX9993 toc13
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°C
12
11
TA = -40°C
22
21
13
14
TA = +25°C
23
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
15
INPUT P1dB (dBm)
25
INPUT IP3 (dBm)
24
14
26
25
INPUT IP3 (dBm)
INPUT IP3 (dBm)
25
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY
HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993-11
26
MAX9993-10
26
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993-12
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
PLO = +6dBm
34
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
MAX9993
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(MAX9993 EV Kit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = +3dBm, LO is low-side injected for a 200MHz IF, TA = +25°C. For high-side LO
injection curves, LO frequency is beyond maximum specified range, and is shown for completeness.)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(MAX9993 EV Kit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = +3dBm, LO is low-side injected for a 200MHz IF, TA = +25°C. For high-side LO
injection curves, LO frequency is beyond maximum specified range, and is shown for completeness.)
40
39
VCC = 4.75, 5.00, 5.25V
37
MAX9993 toc20
TA = +25°C
39
38
37
36
36
35
35
34
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
-40
-45
TA = -40°C
TA = +85°C
-50
34
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT
vs. LO FREQUENCY
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT
vs. LO FREQUENCY
LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT
vs. LO FREQUENCY
-30
MAX9993 toc22
-30
PLO = +6dBm
VCC = 5.25V
-35
-15
IF PORT
TERMINATED IN 50Ω
-20
PLO = 0dBm
-40
-45
LO LEAKAGE (dBm)
-35
LO LEAKAGE (dBm)
LO LEAKAGE (dBm)
40
-35
TA = -40°C
-40
VCC = 5.0V
-45
PLO = 0dBm
-25
PLO = +3dBm
-30
-35
VCC = 4.75V
PLO = +3dBm
-50
-50
1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200
1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY
45.0
TA = +25°C
PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm, +6dBm
55.0
50.0
47.5
45.0
42.5
52.5
50.0
47.5
45.0
42.5
40.0
40.0
40.0
37.5
37.5
37.5
35.0
35.0
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
6
52.5
RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB)
47.5
RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB)
TA = -40°C
55.0
RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY
57.5
MAX9993 toc26
MAX9993 toc25
TA = +85°C
52.5
50.0
57.5
MAX9993 toc27
RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY
42.5
PLO = +6dBm
-40
1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200
57.5
55.0
MAX9993 toc24
38
42
41
-30
LO LEAKAGE (dBm)
41
PLO1 = PLO2 = +3dBm
∆fLO = 1MHz
43
MAX9993 toc23
LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB)
42
44
LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB)
PLO1 = PLO2 = +3dBm
∆fLO = 1MHz
43
MAX9993 toc19
44
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT
vs. LO FREQUENCY
LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY
HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993 toc21
LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB)
MAX9993
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
VCC = +4.75V, +5.0V, +5.25V
35.0
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
1400 1482 1564 1646 1728 1810 1892 1974 2056 2138 2220
1400 1482 1564 1646 1728 1810 1892 1974 2056 2138 2220
1400 1482 1564 1646 1728 1810 1892 1974 2056 2138 2220
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
10
9
TA = +25°C
8
TA = -40°C
7
VCC = 5.0V
8
MAX9993 toc30
MAX9993 toc29
9
PLO = +6dBm
10
9
PLO = +3dBm
8
PLO = 0dBm
7
6
6
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY
TA = +25°C
8
15
PLO = 0dBm
20
PLO = +3dBm
25
35
6
MAX9993 toc33
5
30
TA = -40°C
7
10
IF RETURN LOSS (dB)
10
LOW-SIDE
INJECTION LO FOR
200MHz IF
5
IF RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY
0
MAX9993 toc32
MAX9993 toc31
TA = +85°C
9
0
RF RETURN LOSS (dB)
MAX9993 EV KIT
(TUNED FOR 70MHz - 100MHz IF)
SET BY EXTERNAL MATCHING COMPONENTS
10
VCC = 4.75V
15
VCC = 5.0V
20
VCC = 5.25V
PLO = +6dBm
40
25
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY
MAX9993 toc34
0
LO INPUT SELECTED
LO RETURN LOSS (dB)
5
LO INPUT UNSELECTED
PLO = +3dBm
PLO = +6dBm
15
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
5
10
PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm, +6dBm
15
VCC = 5.25V
200
195
VCC = 5.0V
190
VCC = 4.75V
185
PLO = 0dBm
20
205
20
MAX9993 toc36
LO RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY
0
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
NOISE FIGURE (dB)
VCC = 4.75V
11
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200
12
LO RETURN LOSS (dB)
VCC = 5.25V
10
NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY
HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
10
12
7
6
11
NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993 toc35
NOISE FIGURE (dB)
11
NOISE FIGURE (dB)
TA = +85°C
11
12
MAX9993 toc28
12
NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
NOISE FIGURE (dB)
NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY
LOW-SIDE INJECTION
180
1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400
1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
MAX9993
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(MAX9993 EV Kit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = +3dBm, LO is low-side injected for a 200MHz IF, TA = +25°C. For high-side LO
injection curves, LO frequency is beyond maximum specified range, and is shown for completeness.)
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
MAX9993
Pin Description
PIN
NAME
1, 6, 8
VCC
FUNCTION
2
RF
3
TAP
Center Tap of the Internal RF Balun. Bypass with capacitors close to the IC, as shown in the
Typical Application Circuit.
4, 5, 10, 12,
13, 14, 17, EP
GND
Ground. Connect to supply ground. Provide multiple vias in the PC board to create a lowinductance connection between the exposed paddle (EP) and the PC board ground.
7
LOBIAS
Power Supply Connections. See the Typical Application Circuit.
Single-Ended 50Ω RF Input. This port is internally matched and DC shorted to GND through a
balun. Provide a DC-blocking capacitor if required.
LO Output Bias Resistor for LO Buffer. Connect a 383Ω (±1%) from LOBIAS to GND.
9
LOSEL
LO Select. Logic control input for selecting LO1 or LO2.
11
LO1
Local Oscillator Input. LO1 selected when LOSEL is low.
15
LO2
Local Oscillator Input. LO2 selected when LOSEL is high.
16
LEXT
External Inductor Connection. Connect a low-ESR 10nH inductor from LEXT to GND. This inductor
carries approximately 100mA DC current.
18
IF-
Noninverting IF Output. Requires external bias to VCC through an RF choke (see the Typical
Application Circuit).
19
IF+
Inverting IF Output. Requires external bias to VCC through an RF choke (see the Typical
Application Circuit).
20
IFBIAS
IF Bias Resistor Connection for IF Amplifier. Connect a 523Ω (±1%) from IFBIAS to GND.
Detailed Description
The MAX9993 high-linearity down-conversion mixer provides 8.5dB of gain and +23.5dBm IIP3, with a 9.5dB
noise figure (typ). Integrated baluns and matching circuitry allow 50Ω single-ended interfaces to the RF and
LO ports. A single-pole, double-throw (SPDT) LO switch
provides 50ns switching time between LO inputs, with
typically 40dB LO-to-LO isolation. Furthermore, the integrated LO buffer provides a high drive level to the mixer
core, reducing the LO drive required at the MAX9993’s
inputs to 0dBm to +6dBm range. The IF port incorporates a differential output, which is ideal for providing
enhanced IIP2 performance.
Specifications are guaranteed over broad frequency
ranges to allow for use in UMTS and 2G/2.5G/3G
DCS1800 and PCS1900 base stations. The MAX9993 is
specified to operate over an RF input range of
1700MHz to 2200MHz, an LO range of 1400MHz to
2000MHz, and an IF range of 40MHz to 350MHz. This
device can operate in high-side LO injection applications with an extended LO range, but performance
degrades gently as fLO continues to increase. See the
Typical Operating Characteristics for measurements
taken with fLO up to 2400MHz. This device is available
in a compact 5mm ✕ 5mm 20-pin thin QFN package
with an exposed pad.
8
RF Input and Balun
The MAX9993 has one input (RF) that is internally
matched to 50Ω, requiring no external matching components. A DC-blocking capacitor is required, because
the input is internally DC shorted to ground through the
on-chip balun. Input return loss is better than 15dB over
the entire RF frequency range of 1700MHz to 2200MHz.
LO Input, Switch, Buffer, and Balun
The mixer can be used for either high-side or low-side
injection applications with an LO frequency range of
1400MHz to 2000MHz. An internal LO SPDT switch
selects one of two single-ended LO ports. This allows
the external oscillator to settle on a particular frequency
before it is switched in. LO switching time is guaranteed to be less than 50ns. This switch is controlled by a
digital input (LOSEL): logic low selects LO1, logic high
selects LO2. LO1 and LO2 inputs are internally
matched to 50Ω, requiring only a 22pF DC-blocking
capacitor.
A two-stage internal LO buffer allows a wide input power
range for the LO drive. All guaranteed specifications are
for an LO signal power from 0dBm to +6dBm. A low-loss
balun along with an LO buffer drives the double-balanced
mixer. All interfacing and matching from the LO inputs to
the IF outputs are integrated on-chip.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
MAX9993
Table 1. Component List
COMPONENT
VALUE
SIZE
C1
4pF
0603
Microwave capacitor
DESCRIPTION
C2, C6, C7, C9, C10
22pF
0603
Microwave capacitors
C3, C5, C8
0.01µF
0603
Capacitors
C4
10pF
0603
Microwave capacitor
C11, C12, C13
150pF
0603
Microwave capacitors
L1, L2
470nH
1008
Wire-wound high-Q inductors
L3
10nH
0805
Wire-wound high-Q inductor
R1
523Ω
0603
±1% resistor
±1% resistor
R2
383Ω
0603
R3, R4
7.2Ω
1206
±1% resistors
R5
200Ω
0603
±5% resistor
T1
4:1 (200:50)
—
IF balun
High-Linearity Mixer
Bias Resistors
The core of the MAX9993 is a double-balanced, highperformance passive mixer. Exceptional linearity is provided by the large LO swing from the on-chip LO
buffer; IIP3 is typically +23.5dBm, IIP2 is typically
+60dBm, and total cascaded NF is 9.5dB.
Bias currents for the LO buffer and the IF amplifier were
optimized by fine-tuning the resistors at LOBIAS and
IFBIAS during characterization at the factory. These currents should not be adjusted. If the 383Ω (±1%) and/or
523Ω (±1%) resistor values are not readily available,
substitute standard ±5% values: 390Ω and 520Ω,
respectively.
Differential IF Output Amplifier
The MAX9993 mixer has an IF frequency range of 40MHz
to 350MHz. The differential, open-collector IF output ports
require external pullup inductors to VCC. Single-ended IF
applications require a 4:1 balun to transform the 200Ω
differential output impedance to a 50Ω single-ended output. After the balun, VSWR is typically 1.5:1.
Applications Information
Input and Output Matching
The RF and LO inputs are internally matched to 50Ω.
No matching components are required. Return loss at
the RF port is better than 15dB over the entire input
range, 1700MHz to 2200MHz, and return loss at LO1
and LO2 is better than 10dB from 1400MHz to
2000MHz. RF and LO inputs require only DC-blocking
capacitors for interfacing. These DC-blocking capacitors can be part of the matching circuit.
The IF output impedance is 200Ω differential out of the
IC. An external low-loss 4:1 balun brings this impedance down to a 50Ω single-ended output (see the
Typical Application Circuit).
Layout Considerations
A properly designed PC board is an essential part of
any RF/microwave circuit. Keep RF signal lines as short
as possible to reduce losses, radiation, and inductance. For best performance, route the ground pin
traces directly to the exposed pad underneath the
package. This pad should be connected to the ground
plane of the board by using multiple vias under the
device to provide the best RF/thermal conduction path.
Solder the exposed pad on the bottom of the device
package to a PC board exposed pad.
Power Supply Bypassing
Proper voltage supply bypassing is essential for highfrequency circuit stability. Bypass each VCC pin and
TAP with the capacitors shown in the typical application
circuit. Place the TAP bypass capacitor to ground within 100 mils of the TAP pin.
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 989
PROCESS: SiGe BiCMOS
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
MAX9993
Typical Application Circuit
C12
5.0V
L1
R4
3
C11
T1
6
IF OUT
2
4:1 (200:50)
TRANSFORMER
1
4
L2
C13
VCC
C1
RF
RFIN
TAP
C4
C5
GND
GND
LEXT
16
GND
IF+
IF-
C10
15
2
14
13
3
MAX9993
4
12
5
11
L02
GND
GND
GND
LO1
L01
10
GND
9
8
7
VCC
C6
R3
LOSEL
VCC
R2
LO2
C9
5.0V
6
5.0V
L3
1
LOBIAS
R5
17
C2
18
C3
20
5.0V
19
IFBIAS
R1
LO SELECT
C8
10
C7
______________________________________________________________________________________
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
b
CL
0.10 M C A B
D2/2
D/2
PIN # 1
I.D.
QFN THIN.EPS
D2
0.15 C A
D
k
0.15 C B
PIN # 1 I.D.
0.35x45
E/2
E2/2
CL
(NE-1) X e
E
E2
k
L
DETAIL A
e
(ND-1) X e
CL
CL
L
L
e
e
0.10 C
A
C
0.08 C
A1 A3
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
TITLE:
PACKAGE OUTLINE
16, 20, 28, 32L, QFN THIN, 5x5x0.8 mm
APPROVAL
DOCUMENT CONTROL NO.
REV.
21-0140
C
1
2
______________________________________________________________________________________
11
MAX9993
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information,
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
MAX9993
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information,
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
COMMON DIMENSIONS
EXPOSED PAD VARIATIONS
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING & TOLERANCING CONFORM TO ASME Y14.5M-1994.
2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. ANGLES ARE IN DEGREES.
3. N IS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF TERMINALS.
4. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER AND TERMINAL NUMBERING CONVENTION SHALL CONFORM TO JESD 95-1
SPP-012. DETAILS OF TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER ARE OPTIONAL, BUT MUST BE LOCATED WITHIN THE
ZONE INDICATED. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER MAY BE EITHER A MOLD OR MARKED FEATURE.
5. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO METALLIZED TERMINAL AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.25 mm AND 0.30 mm
FROM TERMINAL TIP.
6. ND AND NE REFER TO THE NUMBER OF TERMINALS ON EACH D AND E SIDE RESPECTIVELY.
7. DEPOPULATION IS POSSIBLE IN A SYMMETRICAL FASHION.
8. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED HEAT SINK SLUG AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS.
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
9. DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MO220.
TITLE:
PACKAGE OUTLINE
16, 20, 28, 32L, QFN THIN, 5x5x0.8 mm
10. WARPAGE SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.10 mm.
APPROVAL
DOCUMENT CONTROL NO.
REV.
21-0140
C
2
2
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
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