ZARLINK ZL38070_06

ZL38070
256 Channel Voice Echo Canceller
Data Sheet
January 2006
Features
•
Ordering Information
ZL38070 has eight Echo Voice Processors in a
single BGA package. This single device provides
256 channels of 64 msec echo cancellation or
128 channels at 128 msec echo cancellation
•
Each Echo Voice Processor has the capability of
cancelling echo over 32 channels
•
Each Echo Voice Processor (EVP) shares the
address bus and data bus with each other
•
Fully compliant to ITU-T G.165, G.168 (2000) and
(2002) specifications
•
ZL38070GBG
535 Ball BGA Trays, Bake & Drypack
ZL38070GBG2 535 Ball BGA** Trays, Bake & Drypack
**Pb Free Tin/Silver/Copper
-40°C to +85°C
•
Each EVP can be programmed independently in
any mode e.g., Back-to-Back or Extended Delay
to provide capability of cancelling different echo
tails
Passed all AT&T voice quality tests for carrier
grade echo canceller
•
Each EVP has +9 to -12 dB level adjusters at all
signal ports (Rin, Sin, Sout and Rout)
•
Sub 50 ms initial convergence times under many
typical network conditions
•
Parallel controller interface compatible with
Motorola microcontrollers
•
Unparalleled in-system tunability
•
The ZL38070 provides more than 58% board
space savings when compared with eight
individually packaged Echo Voice Processor
devices
Applications
Each EVP has protection against narrow band
signal divergence and instability in high echo
environments
Voice over IP network gateways
•
Voice over ATM, Frame Relay
•
T1/E1/J1 multichannel echo cancellation
•
Wireless base stations
•
Echo Canceller pools
•
DCME, satellite and multiplexer system
ZL38070GB
Rin1...Rin8
Rout1..Rout8
Sin1....Sin8
EVP1
EVP2
EVP3
D0....D7
Sout1..Sout8
EVP4
CS1..CS8
EVP5
IRQ1..IRQ8
A0..A12
DTA1..DTA8
Foi
EVP8
C4i
ODE
EVP7
DS
Fsel
EVP6
RESET1..RESET8
MLCK
•
Each EVP has a Patented Advanced Non-Linear
Processor with high quality subjective
performance
R/W
•
•
Figure 1 - ZL38070 Device Overview
1
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
Zarlink, ZL and the Zarlink Semiconductor logo are trademarks of Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
Copyright 2004-2006, Zarlink Semiconductor Inc. All Rights Reserved.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
Description
The ZL38070 Voice Echo Canceller implements a cost effective solution for telephony voice-band echo cancellation
conforming to ITU-T G.168 requirements. The ZL38070 architecture contains 128 groups of two echo cancellers
(ECA and ECB) which can be configured to provide two channels of 64 milliseconds or one channel of
128 milliseconds echo cancellation. This provides 256 channels of 64 milliseconds to 128 channels of
128 milliseconds echo cancellation or any combination of the two configurations. The ZL38070 supports ITU-T
G.165 and G.164 tone disable requirements.
VDD1 (3.3V)
VDD2 (1.8V)
VSS
ODE
Echo Canceller Pool
Rin
Sin
Serial
to
Parallel
MCLK
Fsel
PLL
C4i
F0i
Timing
Unit
Group 0
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
ECA/ECB
ECA/ECB
ECA/ECB
ECA/ECB
Group 4
Group 5
Group 6
Group 7
ECA/ECB
ECA/ECB
ECA/ECB
ECA/ECB
Group 8
Group 9
Group 10
Group 11
ECA/ECB
ECA/ECB
ECA/ECB
ECA/ECB
Group 12
Group 13
Group 14
Group 15
ECA/ECB
ECA/ECB
ECA/ECB
ECA/ECB
Parallel
to
Serial
Note:
Refer to Figure 4
for EVP block
diagram
Rout
Sout
IC0
RESET
Microprocessor Interface
DS CS R/W A12-A0 DTA
Test Port
D7-D0
IRQ TMS TDI TDO TCK TRST
Figure 2 - Single Echo Voice Processor (EVP) Overview
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
Table of Contents
1.0 Single Echo Voice Processor (EVP) Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.1 Adaptive Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2 Double-Talk Detector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.3 Path Change Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.4 Non-Linear Processor (NLP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.5 Disable Tone Detector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.6 Instability Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.7 Narrow Band Signal Detector (NBSD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.8 Offset Null Filter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.9 Adjustable Level Pads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.0 EVP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.1 Normal Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.2 Back-to-Back Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.3 Extended Delay Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.0 Echo Canceller Functional States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.1 Mute. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.2 Bypass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.3 Disable Adaptation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.4 Enable Adaptation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.0 Echo Voice Processor (EVP) Throughput Delay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.0 Serial PCM I/O channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.1 Serial Data Interface Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.0 Memory Mapped Control and Status registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6.1 Normal Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.2 Extended Delay Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.3 Back-to-Back Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.4 Power Up Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.5 Power Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
6.6 Call Initialization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
6.7 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.0 JTAG Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.1 Test Access Port (TAP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.2 Instruction Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.3 Test Data Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
8.0 EVP Register Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
List of Figures
Figure 1 - ZL38070 Device Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Figure 2 - Single Echo Voice Processor (EVP) Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Figure 3 - 535 Ball BGA Ball Grid Array. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 4 - Functional Block Diagram of an Echo Canceller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 5 - Sample G.168 Test 2A Convergence Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 6 - Disable Tone Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 7 - Normal Device Configuration (64 ms) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 9 - Extended Delay Configuration (128 ms) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 10 - ST-BUS and GCI Interface Channel Assignment for 2 Mb/s Data Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 11 - Memory Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 12 - Power Up Sequence Flow Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 13 - The MU Profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Figure 14 - ST-BUS Timing at 2.048 Mb/s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Figure 15 - GCI Interface Timing at 2.048 Mb/s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Figure 16 - Output Driver Enable (ODE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Figure 17 - Master Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Figure 18 - Motorola Non-Multiplexed Bus Timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
List of Tables
Table 1 - Quiet PCM Code Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Table 2 - Memory Page Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Table 3 - Group and Channel Allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Table 4 - Memory Mapping of Per Channel Control and Status Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
Features of Echo Voice Processor (EVP)
•
Independent multiple channels of echo cancellation; from 32 channels of 64 ms to 16 channels of 128 ms
with the ability to mix channels at 128 ms or 64 ms in any combination
•
Fully compliant to ITU-T G.165, G.168 (2000) and (2002) specifications
•
Passed all AT&T voice quality tests for carrier grade echo canceller systems
•
Unparalleled in-system tunability
•
Sub 50 ms initial convergence times (G.168 Test 2A, Hybrid 5, 40 ms delay, ERL=24 dB, Lrin=0 dBm0)
•
Fast reconvergence on echo path changes
•
Patented Advanced Non-Linear Processor with high quality subjective performance
•
Superior noise matching algorithm
•
PCM coding, µ/A-Law ITU-T G.711 or sign magnitude
•
Per channel Fax/Modem G.164 2100 Hz or G.165 2100 Hz phase reversal Tone Disable
•
Per channel echo canceller parameters control
•
Transparent data transfer and mute
•
Protection against narrow band signal divergence and instability in high echo environments
•
+9 dB to -12 dB level adjusters (3 dB steps) at all signal ports
•
Offset nulling of all PCM channels
•
Independent Power Down mode for each group of 2 channels for power management
•
Compatible to ST-BUS and GCI interface at 2 Mbps serial PCM
•
3.3 V pads and 1.8 V Logic core operation with 5 V tolerant inputs
•
IEEE-1149.1 (JTAG) Test Access Port
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11
12
13
14 15
16 17
Data Sheet
18 19 20
21 22
23
24
25 26
27
28
29
30
1
A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
E
E
F
F
G
G
ZL38070GB
H
J
H
J
BGA BALL GRID ARRAY
K
K
L
L
M
M
N
N
P
P
R
R
T
T
U
U
V
V
W
W
Y
Y
AA
AA
AB
AB
AC
AC
AD
AD
AE
AE
AF
AF
AG
AG
AH
AH
AJ
AJ
AK
AK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11
12
13
14 15
16 17
18 19 20
21 22
23
Figure 3 - 535 Ball BGA Ball Grid Array
7
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
24
25 26
27
28
29
30
ZL38070
Data Sheet
Pin Description
Signal
Name
Signal
Type
VDD1 = 3.3V
(VDD_IO)
Power
VDD2 = 1.8V
(VDD_Core)
Power
VSS
Power
BGA Ball #
Signal
Description
AC5,AC26,AC27,AD26,AD5,AE5,AF12,AF13,AF1
4,AF17,AF18,AF19,AF24,AF6,AF7,AF8,AG24,AH
24,E13,E14,E17,E18,E19,E23,E24,E25,E6,E7,E8,
F5,G26,G27,G5,H26,H5,M26,M5,N26,N5,P26,P27
, P4,P5,U26,U27,U4,U5,V26,V5,W26,W5
Positive Power
Supply. Nominally
3.3 volt (I/O
voltage).
AA26,AA28,AA3,AA5,AB26,AB28,AB3,AB5,AF11,
AF20,AG10,AG21,AG22,AH10,AH11,AH22,AJ15,
AJ16,AJ9,AK9,C10,C11,C22,C23,C9,D10,D23,D9,
E11,E20,E21,E22,J26,J27,J4,J5,K26,K27,K3,K5,
L26,L27,L3,L5,Y26, Y27,Y3,Y5
Positive Power
Supply. Nominally
1.8 volt (Core
voltage).
Ground
A29,A30,AF5,AG15,AG16,AG26,AG27,AG4,
AH15,AH16,AH21,AH28,AH3,AJ2,AJ21,AJ29,
AK1,AK30,B1,B15,B16,B2,B29,C15,C16,C28,C3,
D15,D16,D27,D4,E26,E5,N13,N14,N15,N16,N17,
N18,P13,P14,P15,P16,P17,P18,R13,R14,R15,
R16,R17,R18,R2,R27,R28,R29,R3,R4,T13,T14,
T15,T16,T17,T18,T2,T27,T28,T29,T3,T4,U13,U14,
U15, U16,U17,U18,V13,V14,V15,V16, V17,V18
TEST PINS
TE1, TE2,
TE3, TE4,
TE5, TE6,
TE7, TE8
OUTPUT
TEST PINS
INPUT TEST
PINS
M4,AK26,M3,AJ4,AK4,AK25,K30,N28
Internal
Connection.
Connected to VSS
for normal
operation.
D8,P28,C12,AK10,AH12,AD29,H28,J29,AC28,
D12,P29,E9,AJ11,AK11,AD30,G28,H29,AB27,A3,
P2,A2,Y1,AA1,AJ17,C20,B21,AK17,B3,P1,D3,
AA2,AB1,AK18,B22,D21,AJ18,C2,R1,E3,AB2,
AB4,AH18,D19,A22,AK19,D2,T1,E4,AC1,AC2,
AG18,A21,B20,AJ19,C1,U1,F4,AC4,AD1,AK20,
C19,A20,AH19,F3,U2,E2,AC3,AD2,AK21,B19,
A19,AG19,E10,P30,B12,AJ12,AG13,AC29,J30,
G29,AC30,A11,N30,D11,AH13,AK12,AB29,H30,
G30,AB30,A10,N27,B11,AJ13,AG14,AA27,F29,
F30,AA29,A9,A14,B10,AG11,AG12,Y28,E29,E28,
AA30,A8,A13,B9,AJ10,AF10,Y29,D29,E30,Y30,
C8,B14,B8,AG9,AH9,W28,D26,D28,W29,C4,
E12,C5,AA4,Y4,R30,A23,B23,T30,B4,P3,A4,Y2,W
1,AG17,D20,C21,AH17
No connection.
These pins must be
left open for normal
operation.
Test Mode
Pins
Test
pins
SC_EN, SC_FCLK, A27,D5,A25,A26,A24,B24,A28
SC_IN, SC_M_MCLK,
SC_RESET,
SC_SET, SC_T_MCLK,
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
Internal
Connection.
Connected to VSS
for normal
operation.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
Pin Description (continued)
Signal
Name
Signal
Type
THalt
and TStep
Halt
Step
Signal Name
Signal
Type
Signal
Description
BGA Ball #
C14, D14
BGA Ball #
Internal
Connection.
Connected to VSS
for normal
operation.
Signal Description
User Signal Pins
D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5,
D6, D7
User
Signals
AK7,AJ8,AK8,
Data Bus D0 to D7 (Bidirectional). These pins form
AJ27,AK29,AJ28, the 8-bit bidirectional data bus of the microprocessor
port. They are connected to all the EVP’s.
AH27, AJ30
A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,
A6,A7, A8, A9,
A10,A11,A12
User
Signals
AG28,AH29,
Address A0 to A12 (Input). These inputs provide the
AH30,AG29,AF28, A12 - A0 address lines to the internal registers. They
AG30,AE28,AF29, are connected to all the EVP’s.
AE29,AF30,AD27,
AE30,AD28
CS1,CS2,CS3,
CS4, CS5, CS6,
CS7, CS8
User
Signals
R5,L28,T5,AF15, Chip Select (Input). These active low inputs are used
AF16,E16,T26, enable the microprocessor interface of each EVP.
R26
EVP Reset (Schmitt Trigger Input). An active low
resets the device and puts the Voice Processor into a
M2,AH23,M1,AH5, low-power stand-by mode. When the RESET pin is
AJ5,AJ23,N29,M30 returned to logic high and a clock is applied to the
MCLK pin, the EVP will automatically execute
initialization routines, which preset all the Control
and Status Registers to their default power-up
values. Each reset pin controls a single processor. A
user can connect all of them together if required.
RESET1 RESET2,
RESET3, RESET4,
RESET5, RESET6,
RESET7, RESET8
User
Signals
Rin1,Rin2,Rin3,
Rin4,Rin5,Rin6,
Rin7,Rin8
User
Signals
C6,V27,B5,AG5, Receive PCM Signal Inputs (Input). Port 1 TDM data
AH6,U28,B27,B28 input streams. Each Rin pin receives serial TDM data
streams at 2.048 Mb/s with 32 channels per stream.
Sin1,Sin2,Sin3,Sin4,
Sin5,Sin6,Sin7,Sin8
User
Signals
C7,U30,B6,AG7, Send PCM Signal Inputs (Input). Port 2 TDM data
AG6,U29,B30,C27 input streams. Each Sin pin receives serial TDM data
streams at 2.048 Mb/s with 32 channels per stream.
Rout1,Rout2,Rout3,
Rout4,Rout5,Rout6,
Rout7,Rout8,
User
Signals
A5,V30,A6,AH7, Receive PCM Signal Outputs (Output). Port 2 TDM
AG8,V28,C26,C30 data output streams. Each Rout pin outputs serial
TDM data streams at 2.048 Mb/s with 32 channels per
stream.
Sout1,Sout2,Sout3,
Sout4,Sout5,Sout6,
Sout7,Sout8
User
Signals
B7,W27,A7,AH8, Send PCM Signal Outputs (Output). Port 1 TDM
AF9,W30,C29,D30 data output streams. Each Sout pin outputs serial TDM
data streams at 2.048 Mb/s with 32 channels per
stream.
9
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Signal Name
Signal
Type
Data Sheet
BGA Ball #
Signal Description
User
Signal
K29
DS
Data Strobe (Input). This active low input works in
conjunction with CS to enable the read and write
operations. This signal is connected to all processors.
User
Signal
M29
R/W
Read/Write (Input). This input controls the direction of
the data bus lines (D7-D0) during a microprocessor
access. This signal is connected to all processors.
DTA1, DTA2, DTA3,
DTA4, DTA5, DTA6,
DTA7, DTA8
User
Signals
N2,AK28,N1,AK6, Data Transfer Acknowledgment (Open Drain
AJ7,AK27,M28, Output). These active low outputs indicate that a data
bus transfer is completed. A pull-up resistor (1 K
M27
typical) is required at these outputs.
User
Signal
V29
Output Drive Enable (Input). This input pin is
logically AND’d with the ODE bit-6 of the Main Control
Register. When both ODE bit and ODE input pin are
high, the Rout and Sout ST-BUS outputs are enabled.
When the ODE bit is low or the ODE input pin is low,
the Rout and Sout ST-BUS outputs are high
impedance. This signal is connected to all processors.
User
Signal
B26
Frame Pulse (Input). This input accepts and
automatically identifies frame synchronization signals
formatted according to ST-BUS or GCI interface
specifications.This signal is connected to all
processors.
User
Signal
B25
Serial Clock (Input). 4.096 MHz serial clock for
shifting data in/out on the serial streams (Rin, Sin,
Rout, Sout).This signal is connected to all processors.
ODE
F0i
C4i
User
Signal
A15
Frequency select (Input). This input selects the Master Clock frequency operation. When Fsel pin is low,
nominal 20 MHz Master Clock input must be applied.
When Fsel pin is high, nominal 10 MHz Master Clock
input must be applied.This signal is connected to all
processors.
Fsel
MCLK
IRQ1, IRQ2, IRQ3,
IRQ4, IRQ5, IRQ6,
IRQ7, IRQ8
User
Signal
User
Signals
Extra Device Pins
A16
Master Clock (Input). Nominal 10 MHz or 20 MHz
Master Clock input. May be connected to an
asynchronous (relative to frame signal) clock
source.This signal is connected to all processors.
N4,AJ26,N3,AK5, Interrupt Request (Open Drain Output). These
AJ6,AG23,L30,L29 outputs go low when an interrupt occurs in any
channel. Each IRQ returns high when all the interrupts
have been read from the Interrupt FIFO Register of
respective EVP. A pull-up resistor (1 K typical) is
required at these outputs.
W3,E15,V4,AK16, No connection. The ball pins must be left open for
AK15,AK14,D13, normal operation.
C13,V3,A12,B13,
AK13,AH14,U3,V2,
AJ14
10
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Signal Name
Signal
Type
BGA Ball #
Data Sheet
Signal Description
JTAG Signal Pins
TMS
K2
Test Mode Select (3.3 V Input). JTAG signal that
controls the state transitions of the TAP controller. This
pin is pulled high by an internal pull-up when not
driven. This signal is connected to all processors. See
DC Electrical Characteristics, Note 1 on page 45.
D6
Test Clock (3.3 V Input). Provides the clock to the
JTAG test logic.This signal is connected to all
processors.
D7
Test Reset (3.3 V Input). Asynchronously initializes
the JTAG TAP controller by putting it in the Test-LogicReset state. This pin should be pulsed low on powerup or held low, to ensure that all the EVP’s are in the
normal functional mode. This pin is pulled by an
internal pull-down when not driven. This signal is
connected to all EVP’s. See DC Electrical
Characteristics, Note 1 on page 45.
JTAG
Signal
TCK
JTAG
Signal
TRST
JTAG
Signal
TDI1,TDI2,TDI3,TDI4,
TDI5,TDI6,TDI7,TDI8
JTAG
Signals
K1,AK23,L2,AK2, Test Serial Data In (3.3 V Input). JTAG serial test
AJ3,AH20,F27,H27 instructions and data are shifted in on these pins.
These pins are pulled high by an internal pull-up when
not driven.
TDO1,TDO2,TDO3,
TDO4,TDO5,TDO6
TDO7,TDO8
JTAG
Signals
L1,AJ22,L4,AH4, Test Serial Data Out (Output). JTAG serial data is
AK3,AK24,J28,K28 outputted on these pins on the falling edge of TCK.
These pins are held in high impedance state when
JTAG scan is not enabled.
PLL Signal Pins
PLLVDD2 = 1.8V
PLL
Power
PLLVSS1
PLLVSS2
PLL
Power
T1M1, T1M2, T1M3,
T1M4, T1M5, T1M6,
T1M7, T1M8
PLL Test
Signals
T2M1, T2M2, T2M3,
T2M4, T2M5, T2M6,
T2M7, T2M8
PLL Test F2,AG25,G3,AF1, Internal Connection. Connected to VSS for normal
Signals AD3,AF25,B18,A18 operation.
SG1, SG2, SG3, SG4,
SG5, SG6, SG7, SG8
PLL Test
Signals
H3,V1,H4,AE3,
AG2,AE26,D22,
C24, AE27
PLL Power Supply. Must be connected to PLLVDD2 =
1.8 V.
J3,W2,H2,AF4, PLL Ground. Must be connected to VSS.
AF3,AF27,D24,
C25,AF26,H1,W4,
J2, AH1,AG3,AF22,
D25,E27,AF21
D1,AH26,E1,AE1, Internal Connection. Connected to VSS for normal
AD4,AK22,D18, operation.
C18
G4,AJ25,F1,AE2, Internal Connection. Connected to VSS for normal
AG1,
operation.
AH25,B17,C17
11
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Signal Name
Signal
Type
DT1, DT2, DT3, DT4,
DT5, DT6, DT7, DT8
PLL Test
Signals
AT1, AT2, AT3, AT4,
AT5, AT6, AT7, AT8
PLL Test
Signals
1.0
BGA Ball #
Data Sheet
Signal Description
G2,AF23,G1,AF2, No connection. These pins must be left open for
AE4,AJ24,D17, normal operation.
A17
K4,AJ20,J1,
AH2,AJ1,AG20,
F28,F26
No connection. These pins must be left open for
normal operation.
Single Echo Voice Processor (EVP) Description
The following description applies to a single EVP (Echo Voice Processor). Note that the ZL38070 contains eight
EVP’s. Each single Echo Voice Processor (EVP) contains 32 echo cancellers divided into 16 groups. Each group
has two echo cancellers, Echo Canceller A (ECA) and Echo Canceller B (ECB). Each group can be configured in
Normal, Extended Delay or Back-to-Back configurations. In Normal configuration, a group of echo cancellers
provides two channels of 64 ms echo cancellation, which run independently on different channels. In Extended
Delay configuration, a group of echo cancellers achieves 128 ms of echo cancellation by cascading the two echo
cancellers (A & B). In Back-to-Back configuration, the two echo cancellers from the same group are positioned to
cancel echo coming from both directions in a single channel, providing full-duplex 64 ms echo cancellation.
Each Echo Voice Processor contains the following main elements (see Figure 4).
•
Adaptive Filter for estimating the echo channel
•
Subtractor for cancelling the echo
•
Double-Talk detector for disabling the filter adaptation during periods of double-talk
•
Path Change detector for fast reconvergence on major echo path changes
•
Instability Detector to combat instability in very low ERL environments
•
Patented Advanced Non-Linear Processor for suppression of residual echo, with comfort noise injection
•
Disable Tone Detectors for detecting valid disable tones at send and receive path inputs
•
Narrow-Band Detector for preventing Adaptive Filter divergence from narrow-band signals
•
Offset Null filters for removing the DC component in PCM channels
•
+9 to -12 dB level adjusters at all signal ports
•
PCM encoder/decoder compatible with µ/A-Law ITU-T G.711 or Sign-Magnitude coding
•
Each echo canceller in the EVP has four functional states: Mute, Bypass, Disable Adaptation and Enable
Adaptation. These are explained in section 3.0, “Echo Canceller Functional States“ on page 19.
12
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
+9 to -12 dB
Level Adjust
µ/A-Law/
Linear
Offset
Null
ST-BUS
PORT2
Adaptive
Filter
Disable Tone
Detector
Σ
Instability
Detector
Microprocessor
Interface
Double - Talk
Detector
Narrow-Band
Detector
Rout
(channel N)
Linear/
µ/A-Law
+9 to -12 dB
Level Adjust
Non-Linear
Processor
Control
Sin
(channel N)
Data Sheet
MuteR
+9 to -12 dB
Level Adjust
+9 to -12 dB
Level Adjust
Offset
Null
Linear/
µ/A-Law
Sout
(channel N)
MuteS
Path Change
Detector
ST-BUS
PORT1
Disable Tone
Detector
µ/A-Law/
Linear
Rin
(channel N)
Echo Canceller (N), where 0 < N < 31
Programmable Bypass
Figure 4 - Functional Block Diagram of an Echo Canceller
1.1
Adaptive Filter
The adaptive filter adapts to the echo path and generates an estimate of the echo signal. This echo estimate is then
subtracted from Sin. For each group of echo cancellers, the Adaptive Filter is a 1024 tap FIR adaptive filter which is
divided into two sections. Each section contains 512 taps providing 64 ms of echo estimation. In Normal
configuration, the first section is dedicated to channel A and the second section to channel B. In Extended Delay
configuration, both sections are cascaded to provide 128 ms of echo estimation in channel A. In Back-to-Back
configuration, the first section is used in the receive direction and the second section is used in the transmit
direction for the same channel.
The ZL38070 offers industry leading convergence speeds, both in initial convergence and reconvergence. A
sample test result from G.168-2002 Test 2A can be seen in Figure 5. This test result demonstrates one of the many
conditions where the Zarlink device offer sub 50 ms initial convergence times (G.168 Test 2A, Hybrid 5, 40 ms
delay, ERL=24 dB, Lrin=0 dBm0). Full G.168 test results across all hybrids and test conditions are available
upon request.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
Figure 5 - Sample G.168 Test 2A Convergence Result
1.2
Double-Talk Detector
Double-Talk is defined as those periods of time when signal energy is present in both directions simultaneously.
When this happens, it is necessary to disable the filter adaptation to prevent divergence of the Adaptive Filter
coefficients. Note that when double-talk is detected, the adaptation process is halted but the echo canceller
continues to cancel echo using the previous converged echo profile. A double-talk condition exists whenever the
relative signal levels of Rin (Lrin) and Sin (Lsin) meet the following condition:
Lsin > Lrin + 20log10(DTDT)
where DTDT is the Double-Talk Detection Threshold. Lsin and Lrin are signal levels expressed in dBm0.
A different method is used when it is uncertain whether Sin consists of a low level double-talk signal or an echo
return. During these periods, the adaptation process is slowed down but it is not halted. The slow convergence
speed is set using the Slow sub-register in Control Register 4. During slow convergence, the adaptation speed is
reduced by a factor of 2Slow relative to normal convergence for non-zero values of Slow. If Slow equals zero,
adaptation is halted completely.
In the G.168 standard, the echo return loss is expected to be at least 6 dB. This implies that the Double-Talk
Detector Threshold (DTDT) should be set to 0.5 (-6 dB). However, in order to achieve additional guardband, the
DTDT is set internally to 0.5625 (-5 dB).
In some applications the return loss can be higher or lower than 6 dB. The EVP allows the user to change the
detection threshold to suit each application’s need. This threshold can be set by writing the desired threshold value
into the DTDT register.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
The DTDT register is 16 bits wide. The register value in hexadecimal can be calculated with the following equation:
DTDT(hex) = hex(DTDT(dec) * 32768)
where 0 < DTDT(dec) < 1
Example:For DTDT = 0.5625 (-5 dB), the hexadecimal value becomes hex(0.5625 * 32768) = 4800hex
1.3
Path Change Detector
Integrated into the EVP is a Path Change Detector. This permits fast reconvergence when a major change occurs
in the echo channel. Subtle changes in the echo channel are also tracked automatically once convergence is
achieved, but at a much slower speed.
The Path Change Detector is activated by setting the PathDet bit in Control Register 3 to “1”. An optional path
clearing feature can be enabled by setting the PathClr bit in Control Register 3 to “1”. With path clearing turned on,
the existing echo channel estimate will also be cleared (i.e., the adaptive filter will be filled with zeroes) upon
detection of a major path change.
1.4
Non-Linear Processor (NLP)
After echo cancellation, there is always a small amount of residual echo which may still be audible. The EVP uses
Zarlink’s patented Advanced NLP to remove residual echo signals which have a level lower than the Adaptive
Suppression Threshold (TSUP in G.168). This threshold depends upon the level of the Rin (Lrin) reference signal
as well as the programmed value of the Non-Linear Processor Threshold register (NLPTHR). TSUP can be
calculated by the following equation:
TSUP = Lrin + 20log10(NLPTHR)
where NLPTHR is the Non-Linear Processor Threshold register value and Lrin is the relative power level expressed
in dBm0. The NLPTHR register is 16 bits wide. The register value in hexadecimal can be calculated with the
following equation:
NLPTHR(hex) = hex(NLPTHR(dec) * 32768)
where 0 < NLPTHR(dec) < 1
When the level of residual error signal falls below TSUP, the NLP is activated further attenuating the residual signal.
To prevent a perceived decrease in background noise due to the activation of the NLP, a spectrally-shaped comfort
noise, equivalent in power level to the background noise, is injected. This keeps the perceived noise level constant.
Consequently, the user does not hear the activation and de-activation of the NLP.
The NLP processor can be disabled by setting the NLPDis bit to “1” in Control Register 2.
The comfort noise injector can be disabled by setting the INJDis bit to “1” in Control Register 1. It should be noted
that the NLPTHR is valid and the comfort noise injection is active only when the NLP is enabled.
The Advanced NLP uses an exponential noise ramping scheme to quickly and more accurately estimate the
background noise level. The NLINC register is used to set the ramping speed. A lower value will give faster
ramping. The Noise Scaling register can be used to adjust the relative volume of the comfort noise. Lowering this
value will scale the injected noise level down, conversely, raising the value will scale the comfort noise up.
IMPORTANT NOTE: The Noise Scaling register has been pre-programmed with G.168 compliant values. Changing
this value may result in undesirable comfort noise performance and G.168 test failures.
The Advanced NLP also contains safeguards to prevent double-talk and uncancelled echo from being mistaken for
background noise. These features can be disabled by setting the NLRun1 bit in Control Register 3 to “0”.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
1.5
Data Sheet
Disable Tone Detector
The G.165 recommendation defines the disable tone as having the following characteristics: 2100 Hz (±21 Hz) sine
wave, a power level between -6 to -31 dBm0, and a phase reversal of 180 degrees (± 25 degrees) every
450 ms (±25 ms). If the disable tone is present for a minimum of one second with at least one phase reversal, the
Tone Detector will trigger.
The G.164 recommendation defines the disable tone as a 2100 Hz (+21 Hz) sine wave with a power level between
0 to -31 dBm0. If the disable tone is present for a minimum of 400 ms, with or without phase reversal, the Tone
Detector will trigger.
Each EVP has two Tone Detectors per channels (for a total of 64) in order to monitor the occurrence of a valid
disable tone on both Rin and Sin. Upon detection of a disable tone, TD bit of the Status Register will indicate logic
high and an interrupt is generated (i.e., IRQ pin low). Refer to Figure 6 and to the Interrupts section.
Rin
Tone
Detector
Sin
Tone
Detector
ECA
Status reg
TD bit
Echo Canceller A
Rin
Tone
Detector
Sin
Tone
Detector
ECB
Status reg
TD bit
Echo Canceller B
Figure 6 - Disable Tone Detection
Once a Tone Detector has been triggered, there is no longer a need for a valid disable tone (G.164 or G.165) to
maintain Tone Detector status (i.e., TD bit high). The Tone Detector status will only release (i.e., TD bit low) if the
signals Rin and Sin fall below -30 dBm0, in the frequency range of 390 Hz to 700 Hz, and below -34 dBm0, in the
frequency range of 700 Hz to 3400 Hz, for at least 400 ms. Whenever a Tone Detector releases, an interrupt is
generated (i.e., IRQ pin low).
The selection between G.165 and G.164 tone disable is controlled by the PHDis bit in Control Register 2 on a per
channel basis. When the PHDis bit is set to “1”, G.164 tone disable requirements are selected.
In response to a valid disable tone, the echo canceller must be switched from the Enable Adaptation state to the
Bypass state. This can be done in two ways, automatically or externally. In automatic mode, the Tone Detectors
internally control the switching between Enable Adaptation and Bypass states. The automatic mode is activated by
setting the AutoTD bit in Control Register 2 to high. In external mode, an external controller is needed to service the
interrupts and poll the TD bits in the Status Registers. Following the detection of a disable tone (TD bit high) on a
given channel, the external controller must switch the echo canceller from Enable Adaptation to Bypass state.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
1.6
Data Sheet
Instability Detector
In systems with very low echo channel return loss (ERL), there may be enough feedback in the loop to cause
stability problems in the Adaptive Filter. This instability can result in variable pitched ringing or oscillation. Should
this ringing occur, the Instability Detector will activate and suppress the oscillations.
The Instability Detector is activated by setting the RingClr bit in Control Register 3 to “1”.
1.7
Narrow Band Signal Detector (NBSD)
Single or dual frequency tones (i.e., DTMF tones) present in the receive input (Rin) of the echo canceller for a
prolonged period of time may cause the Adaptive Filter to diverge. The Narrow Band Signal Detector (NBSD) is
designed to prevent this by detecting single or dual tones of arbitrary frequency, phase, and amplitude. When
narrow band signals are detected, adaptation is halted but the echo canceller continues to cancel echo.
The NBSD will be active regardless of the EVP functional state. However the NBSD can be disabled by setting the
NBDis bit to “1” in Control Register 2.
1.8
Offset Null Filter
Adaptive filters in general do not operate properly when a DC offset is present at any input. To remove the DC
component, each EVP incorporates Offset Null filters in both Rin and Sin inputs.
The offset null filters can be disabled by setting the HPFDis bit to “1” in Control Register 2.
1.9
Adjustable Level Pads
Each canceller provides adjustable level pads at Rin, Rout, Sin and Sout. This setup allows signal strength to be
adjusted both inside and outside the echo path. Each signal level may be independently scaled with anywhere from
+9 dB to -12 dB level, in 3 dB steps. Level values are set using the Gains register.
CAUTION: Gain adjustment can help interface the ZL38070 to a particular system in order to provide optimum echo
cancellation, but it can also degrade performance if not done carefully. Excessive loss may cause low signal levels
and slow convergence. Exercise great care when adjusting these values. Also, due to internal signal routings in
Back to Back mode, it is not recommended that gain adjustments be used on Rin or Sout in this mode.
The -12 dB PAD bit in Control Register 1 is still supported as a legacy feature. Setting this bit will provide 12 dB of
attenuation at Rin, and override the values in the Gains register.
1.10
ITU-T G.168 Compliance
The ZL38070 has been certified G.168 (1997), (2000) and (2002) compliant in all 64 ms cancellation modes
(i.e., Normal and Back-to-Back configurations) by in-house testing with the DSPG ECT-1 echo canceller tester.
The ZL38070 core has also been tested for G.168 compliance and all voice quality tests at AT&T Labs. The
ZL38070 core was classified as “carrier grade” echo canceller.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
2.0
Data Sheet
EVP Configuration
The EVP architecture contains 32 echo cancellers divided into 16 groups. Each group has two echo cancellers
which can be individually controlled (Echo Canceller A (ECA) and Echo Canceller B (ECB). They can be set in
three distinct configurations: Normal, Back-to-Back, and Extended Delay. See Figures 7, 8 and 9.
2.1
Normal Configuration
In Normal configuration, the two echo cancellers (Echo Canceller A and B) are positioned in parallel, as shown in
Figure 7, providing 64 milliseconds of echo cancellation in two channels simultaneously.
Sin
channel A
Sout
+
-
echo
path A
Rout
Adaptive
Filter (64 ms)
channel A
Rin
PORT2
PORT1
ECA
channel B
+
-
echo
path B
Adaptive
Filter (64 ms)
channel B
ECB
Figure 7 - Normal Device Configuration (64 ms)
2.2
Back-to-Back Configuration
In Back-to-Back configuration, the two echo cancellers from the same group are positioned to cancel echo coming
from both directions in a single channel providing full-duplex 64 ms echo cancellation. See Figure 8. This
configuration uses only one timeslot on PORT1 and PORT2 and the second timeslot normally associated with ECB
contains zero code. Back-to-Back configuration allows a no-glue interface for applications where bidirectional echo
cancellation is required.
Sout
+
Sin
echo
path
Adaptive
Filter (64 ms)
Adaptive
Filter (64 ms)
echo
path
Rout
PORT2
ECA
+
Rin
ECB
PORT1
Figure 8 - Back-to-Back Device Configuration (64 ms)
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
Back-to-Back configuration is selected by writing a “1” into the BBM bit of Control Register 1 for both Echo
Canceller A and Echo Canceller B for a given group of echo canceller. Table 3 shows the 16 groups of 2 cancellers
that can be configured into Back-to-Back.
Examples of Back-to-Back configuration include positioning one group of echo cancellers between a codec and a
transmission device or between two codecs for echo control on analog trunks.
2.3
Extended Delay Configuration
In this configuration, the two echo cancellers from the same group are internally cascaded into one 128
milliseconds echo canceller. See Figure 9. This configuration uses only one timeslot on PORT1 and PORT2 and
the second timeslot normally associated with ECB contains quiet code.
Sin
channel A
+
Sout
echo
path A
Rout
PORT2
Adaptive Filter
(128 ms)
channel A
Rin
PORT1
ECA
Figure 9 - Extended Delay Configuration (128 ms)
Extended Delay configuration is selected by writing a “1” into the ExtDl bit in Echo Canceller A, Control Register 1.
For a given group, only Echo Canceller A, Control Register 1, has the ExtDl bit. For Echo Canceller B Control
Register 1, Bit 0 must always be set to zero.
Table 3 shows the 16 groups of 2 cancellers that can each be configured into 64 ms or 128 ms echo tail capacity.
3.0
Echo Canceller Functional States
Each echo canceller has four functional states: Mute, Bypass, Disable Adaptation and Enable Adaptation.
3.1
Mute
In Normal and in Extended Delay configurations, writing a “1” into the MuteR bit replaces Rin with quiet code which
is applied to both the Adaptive Filter and Rout. Writing a “1” into the MuteS bit replaces the Sout PCM data with
quiet code.
+Zero
(quiet code)
LINEAR
16 bits
2’s complement
SIGN/
MAGNITUDE
µ-Law
A-Law
CCITT (G.711)
µ-Law
A-Law
0000hex
80hex
FFhex
D5hex
Table 1 - Quiet PCM Code Assignment
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
In Back-to-Back configuration, writing a “1” into the MuteR bit of Echo Canceller A, Control Register 2, causes
quiet code to be transmitted on Rout. Writing a “1” into the MuteS bit of Echo Canceller A, Control Register 2,
causes quiet code to be transmitted on Sout.
In Extended Delay and in Back-to-Back configurations, MuteR and MuteS bits of Echo Canceller B must always be
“0”. Refer to Figure 4 and to Control Register 2 for bit description.
3.2
Bypass
The Bypass state directly transfers PCM codes from Rin to Rout and from Sin to Sout. When Bypass state is
selected, the Adaptive Filter coefficients are reset to zero. Bypass state must be selected for at least one frame
(125 µs) in order to properly clear the filter.
3.3
Disable Adaptation
When the Disable Adaptation state is selected, the Adaptive Filter coefficients are frozen at their current value. The
adaptation process is halted, however, the echo canceller continues to cancel echo.
3.4
Enable Adaptation
In Enable Adaptation state, the Adaptive Filter coefficients are continually updated. This allows the echo canceller
to model the echo return path characteristics in order to cancel echo. This is the normal operating state.
The echo canceller functions are selected in Control Register 1 and Control Register 2 through four control bits:
MuteS, MuteR, Bypass and AdaptDis. Refer to 8.0, “EVP Register Description“ on page 28 for details.
4.0
Echo Voice Processor (EVP) Throughput Delay
The throughput delay of the EVP varies according to the device configuration. For all device configurations, Rin to
Rout has a delay of two frames and Sin to Sout has a delay of three frames. In Bypass state, the Rin to Rout and
Sin to Sout paths have a delay of two frames.
5.0
Serial PCM I/O channels
There are four TDM I/O streams, each with channels numbered from 0 to 31. One input stream is for Receive (Rin)
channels, and the other input stream is for Send (Sin) channels. Likewise, two output streams is for Rout PCM
channels, and Sout PCM channels. See Figure 10 for channel allocation.
5.1
Serial Data Interface Timing
The ZL38070 provides ST-BUS and GCI interface timing. The Serial Interface clock frequency, C4i, is 4.096 MHz.
The input and output data rate of the ST-BUS and GCI bus is 2.048 Mb/s.
The 8 KHz input frame pulse can be in either ST-BUS or GCI format. The EVP automatically detects the presence
of an input frame pulse and identifies it as either ST-BUS or GCI. In ST-BUS format, every second falling edge of
the C4i clock marks a bit boundary, and the data is clocked in on the rising edge of C4i, three quarters of the way
into the bit cell (See Figure 14). In GCI format, every second rising edge of the C4i clock marks the bit boundary,
and data is clocked in on the second falling edge of C4i, half the way into the bit cell (see Figure 15).
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
125 µsec
F0i
ST-BUS
F0i
GCI interface
Rin/Sin
Rout/Sout
Channel 0
Channel 1
Channel 30
Channel 31
Note: Refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15 for timing details.
Figure 10 - ST-BUS and GCI Interface Channel Assignment for 2 Mb/s Data Streams
6.0
Memory Mapped Control and Status registers
Internal memory and registers are memory mapped into the address space of the HOST interface. The internal dual
ported memory is mapped into segments on a “per channel” basis to monitor and control each individual echo
canceller and associated PCM channels. For example, in Normal configuration, echo canceller #5 makes use of
Echo Canceller B from group 2. It occupies the internal address space from 0A0hex to 0BFhex and interfaces to
PCM channel #5 on all serial PCM I/O streams.
As illustrated in Table 4, the “per channel” registers provide independent control and status bits for each echo
canceller. Figure 11 shows the memory map of the control/status register blocks for all echo cancellers of the EVP.
Each internal echo canceller has four pages of registers. Page access control is done through address lines A11
and A12. The majority of registers are located on page 0 (A11=0, A12=0). Figure 11 shows which page each of the
relevant registers are mapped to respectively. Table 2 shows how the memory pages are related to address lines
A11 and A12.
Page
A12
A11
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
1
0
3
1
1
Table 2 - Memory Page Selection
When Extended Delay or Back-to-Back configuration is selected, Control Register 1 of ECA and ECB and Control
Register 2 of the selected group of echo cancellers require special care. Refer to the EVP Register description
section.
Table 3 is a list of the channels used for the 16 groups of echo cancellers when they are configured as Extended
Delay or Back-to-Back.
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ZL38070
6.1
Data Sheet
Normal Configuration
For a given group (group 0 to 15), 2 PCM I/O channels are used. For example, group 1 Echo Cancellers A and B,
channels 2 and 3 are active.
Group
Channels
Group
Channels
0
0, 1
8
16, 17
1
2, 3
9
18, 19
2
4, 5
10
20, 21
3
6, 7
11
22, 23
4
8, 9
12
24, 25
5
10, 11
13
26, 27
6
12, 13
14
28, 29
7
14, 15
15
30, 31
Table 3 - Group and Channel Allocation
6.2
Extended Delay Configuration
For a given group (group 0 to 15), only one PCM I/O channel is active (Echo Canceller A) and the other channel
carries quiet code. For example, group 2, Echo Canceller A (Channel 4) will be active and Echo Canceller B
(Channel 5) will carry quiet code.
6.3
Back-to-Back Configuration
For a given group (group 0 to 15), only one PCM I/O channel is active (Echo Canceller A) and the other channel
carries quiet code. For example, group 5, Echo Canceller A (Channel 10) will be active and Echo Canceller B
(Channel 11) will carry quiet code.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
Group 0
Echo
Cancellers
Registers
Channel 0, ECA Ctrl/Stat Registers
0000h --> 001Fh
Channel 1, ECB Ctrl/Stat Registers
0020h --> 003Fh
Group 1
Echo
Cancellers
Registers
Channel 2, ECA Ctrl/Stat Registers
0040h --> 005Fh
Channel 3, ECB Ctrl/Stat Registers
0060h --> 007Fh
Groups 2 --> 14
Echo Cancellers
Registers
Group 15
Echo
Cancellers
Registers
Channel 30, ECA Ctrl/Stat Registers
03C0h --> 03DFh
Channel 31, ECB Ctrl/Stat Registers
03E0h --> 03FFh
Main Control Registers <15:0>
0400h --> 040Fh
Interrupt FIFO Register
0410h
Test Register
0411h
Reserved Test Register
0412h ---> FFFFh
Figure 11 - Memory Mapping
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Base Address +
Echo Canceller A
Page
MS
Byte
LS
Byte
Register Name
0
-
00h
0
-
0
Data Sheet
Base Address +
Echo Canceller B
Page
MS
Byte
LS
Byte
Register Name
Control Reg 1
0
-
20h
Control Reg 1
01h
Control Reg 2
0
-
21h
Control Reg 2
-
02h
Status Reg
0
-
22h
Status Reg
0
-
04h
Flat Delay Reg
0
-
24h
Flat Delay Reg
0
-
06h
Decay Step Size Reg
0
-
26h
Decay Step Size Reg
0
-
07h
Decay Step Number
0
-
27h
Decay Step Number
0
-
08h
Control Reg 3
0
-
28h
Control Reg 3
0
-
09h
Control Reg 4
0
-
29h
Control Reg 4
0
0Dh
0Ch
Rin Peak Detect Reg
0
2Dh
2Ch
Rin Peak Detect Reg
0
0Fh
0Eh
Sin Peak Detect Reg
0
2Fh
2Eh
Sin Peak Detect Reg
0
11h
10h
Error Peak Detect Reg
0
31h
30h
Error Peak Detect Reg
0
-
12h
Path Change Timer
0
-
32h
Path Change Timer
0
-
13h
Path Change Sensitivity
0
-
33h
Path Change Sensitivity
0
15h
14h
DTDT/ERL
0
35h
34h
DTDT/ERL
0
17h
16h
ERLLOW
0
37h
36h
ERLLOW
0
19h
18h
NLP Threshold
0
39h
38h
NLP Threshold
0
1Bh
1Ah
Step Size, MU
0
3Bh
3Ah
Step Size, MU
0
1Dh
1Ch
Gain Pad Control
0
3Dh
3Ch
Gain Pad Control
0
-
1Eh
NLP Threshold 2
0
-
3Eh
NLP Threshold 2
0
-
1Fh
RIN Low Power Threshold
0
-
3Fh
RIN Low Power Threshold
1
05h
04h
Estimated Cancellation
1
25h
24h
Estimated Cancellation
1
07h
06h
Residual Error Signal
1
27h
26h
Residual Error Signal
2
11h
10h
NLINC
2
11h
10h
NLINC
2
19h
18h
Maximum Comfort Noise
2
39h
38h
Maximum Comfort Noise
2
1Bh
1Ah
NLP Ramp-out Speed
2
3Bh
3Ah
NLP Ramp-out Speed
2
1Dh
1Ch
NLP Ramp-in Speed
2
3Dh
3Ch
NLP Ramp-in Speed
3
03h
02h
Noise Level Estimate
3
23h
22h
Noise Level Estimate
3
05h
04h
NLP Gain Factor
3
25h
24h
NLP Gain Factor
3
0Dh
0Ch
Noise Level Scaling
Factor
3
2Dh
2Ch
Noise Level Scaling
Factor
Table 4 - Memory Mapping of Per Channel Control and Status Registers
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ZL38070
6.4
Data Sheet
Power Up Sequence
On power up, the RESET pin must be held low for 100 µs. Forcing the RESET pin low will put each EVP in power
down state. In this state, all internal clocks are halted, D<7:0>, Sout, Rout, DTA and IRQ pins are tristated. The 16
Main Control Registers, the Interrupt FIFO Register and the Test Register are reset to zero.
When the RESET pin returns to logic high and a valid MCLK is applied, the user must wait 500 µs for the PLL to
lock. C4i and F0i can be active during this period. At this point, the echo canceller must have the internal registers
reset to an initial state. This is accomplished by one of two methods. The user can either issue a second hardware
reset or perform a software reset. A second hardware reset is performed by driving the RESET pin low for at least
500 ns and no more than 1500 ns before being released. A software reset is accomplished by programming a “1” to
each of the PWUP bits in the Main Control Registers, waiting 250 µs (2 frames) and then programming a “0” to
each of the PWUP bits.
The user must then wait 500 µs for the PLL to relock. Once the PLL has locked, the user can power up the 16
groups of echo cancellers individually by writing a “1” into the PWUP bit in Main Control Register of each echo
canceller group.
For each group of echo cancellers, when the PWUP bit toggles from zero to one, echo cancellers A and B execute
their initialization routine. The initialization routine sets their registers, Base Address+00hex to Base Address+3Fhex,
to the default Reset Value and clears the Adaptive Filter coefficients. Two frames are necessary for the initialization
routine to execute properly.
Once the initialization routine is executed, the user can set the per channel Control Registers, Base Address+00hex
to Base Address+3Fhex, for the specific application.
System Powerup
Reset Held Low
Delay 100 µs
Reset High
MCLK Active
Delay 500µs
Hardware
Reg. Reset
Software
Reset Low
PWUP to “1”
Delay 1000 ns
Delay 250 µs
Reset High
PWUP to “0”
Delay 500 µs
ECAN Ready
Figure 12 - Power Up Sequence Flow Diagram
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
6.5
Data Sheet
Power Management
Each group of echo cancellers can be placed in Power Down mode by writing a “0” into the PWUP bit in their
respective Main Control Register. When a given group is in Power Down mode, the corresponding PCM data are
bypassed from Rin to Rout and from Sin to Sout with two frames delay. Refer to the Main Control Register section
on page 42 for description.
The typical power consumption can be calculated with the following equation:
PC = 9 * Nb_of_groups + 3.6, in mW
where 0 ≤ Nb_of_groups ≤ 16.
6.6
Call Initialization
To ensure fast initial convergence on a new call, it is important to clear the Adaptive Filter. This is done by putting
the echo canceller in bypass mode for at least one frame (125 µs) and then enabling adaptation.
Since the Narrow Band Detector is “ON” regardless of the functional state of the Echo Canceller it is recommended
that the Echo Cancellers are reset before any call progress tones are applied.
6.7
Interrupts
The EVP provides an interrupt pin (IRQ) to indicate to the HOST processor when a G.164 or G.165 Tone Disable is
detected and released.
Although each EVP may be configured to react automatically to tone disable status on any input PCM voice
channels, the user may want for the external HOST processor to respond to Tone Disable information in an
appropriate application-specific manner.
Each echo canceller will generate an interrupt when a Tone Disable occurs and will generate another interrupt
when a Tone Disable releases.
Upon receiving an IRQ, the HOST CPU should read the Interrupt FIFO Register. This register is a FIFO memory
containing the channel number of the echo canceller that has generated the interrupt.
All pending interrupts from any of the echo cancellers and their associated input channel number are stored in this
FIFO memory. The IRQ always returns high after a read access to the Interrupt FIFO Register. The IRQ pin will
toggle low for each pending interrupt.
After the HOST CPU has received the channel number of the interrupt source, the corresponding per channel
Status Register can be read from internal memory to determine the cause of the interrupt (see Table 4 for address
mapping of Status register). The TD bit indicates the presence of a Tone Disable.
The MIRQ bit 5 in the Main Control Register 0 masks interrupts from the EVP. To provide more flexibility, the MTDBI
(bit-4) and MTDAI (bit-3) bits in the Main Control Register<15:0> allow Tone Disable to be masked or unmasked
from generating an interrupt on a per channel basis. Refer to the Registers Description section on page 42.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
7.0
Data Sheet
JTAG Support
The EVP JTAG interface conforms to the Boundary-Scan standard IEEE1149.1. This standard specifies a designfor-testability technique called Boundary-Scan test (BST). The operation of the Boundary Scan circuitry is
controlled by an Test Access Port (TAP) controller. JTAG inputs are 3.3 Volts compliant only.
7.1
Test Access Port (TAP)
The TAP provides access to many test functions of the EVP. It consists of four input pins and one output pin. The
following pins are found on the TAP.
•
•
•
•
•
7.2
Test Clock Input (TCK)
The TCK provides the clock for the test logic. The TCK does not interfere with any on-chip clock and thus
remains independent. The TCK permits shifting of test data into or out of the Boundary-Scan register cells
concurrent with the operation of the device and without interfering with the on-chip logic.
Test Mode Select Input (TMS)
The logic signals received at the TMS input are interpreted by the TAP Controller to control the test
operations. The TMS signals are sampled at the rising edge of the TCK pulse. This pin is internally pulled to
VDD1 when it is not driven from an external source.
Test Data Input (TDI)
Serial input data applied to this port is fed either into the instruction register or into a test data register,
depending on the sequence previously applied to the TMS input. Both registers are described in a
subsequent section. The received input data is sampled at the rising edge of TCK pulses. This pin is
internally pulled to VDD1 when it is not driven from an external source.
Test Data Output (TDO)
Depending on the sequence previously applied to the TMS input, the contents of either the instruction
register or data register are serially shifted out towards the TDO. The data from the TDO is clocked on the
falling edge of the TCK pulses. When no data is shifted through the Boundary Scan cells, the TDO driver is
set to a high impedance state.
Test Reset (TRST)
This pin is used to reset the JTAG scan structure. This pin is internally pulled to VSS.
Instruction Register
In accordance with the IEEE 1149.1 standard, the EVP uses public instructions. The JTAG Interface contains a 3-bit
instruction register. Instructions are serially loaded into the instruction register from the TDI when the TAP
Controller is in its shifted-IR state. Subsequently, the instructions are decoded to achieve two basic functions: to
select the test data register that will operate while the instruction is current, and to define the serial test data register
path, which is used to shift data between TDI and TDO during data register scanning.
7.3
Test Data Registers
As specified in IEEE 1149.1, each of the Echo Voice Processor’s JTAG Interface contains three test data registers:
•
•
•
Boundary-Scan register
The Boundary-Scan register consists of a series of Boundary-Scan cells arranged to form a scan path
around the boundary of each EVP core logic.
Bypass Register
The Bypass register is a single stage shift register that provides a one-bit path from TDI to TDO.
Device Identification register
The Device Identification register provides access to the following encoded information:
device version number, part number and manufacturer's name.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
8.0
Data Sheet
EVP Register Description
Page 0
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
Reset
Reset
INJDis
ECA: Control Register 1
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
00hex + Base Address
Bit 6
INJDis
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
BBM
PAD
Bypass
AdpDis
0
ExtDis
Functional Description of Register Bits
When high, the power-up initialization is executed. This presets all register bits including this bit
and clears the Adaptive Filter coefficients.
When high, the noise injection process is disabled. When low noise injection is enabled.
BBM
When high, the Back to Back configuration is enabled. When low, the Normal configuration is
enabled. Note: Do not enable Extended-Delay and BBM configurations at the same time.
Always set both BBM bits of the two echo cancellers (Control Register 1) of the same group to
the same logic value to avoid conflict.
PAD
When high, 12 dB of attenuation is inserted into the Rin to Rout path. When low, the Gains
register controls the signal levels.
Bypass
AdpDis
0
ExtDl
When high, Sin data is by-passed to Sout and Rin data is by-passed to Rout. The Adaptive
Filter coefficients are set to zero and the filter adaptation is stopped. When low, output data on
both Sout and Rout is a function of the echo canceller algorithm.
When high, echo canceller adaptation is disabled. The Voice Processor cancels echo.
When low, the echo canceller dynamically adapts to the echo path characteristics.
Bits marked as “1” or “0” are reserved bits and should be written as indicated.
When high, Echo Cancellers A and B of the same group are internally cascaded into one
128 ms echo canceller. When low, Echo Cancellers A and B of the same group operate
independently.
Page 0
Power-up
02hex
Bit 7
Reset
Reset
INJDis
ECB: Control Register 1
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
20hex + Base Address
Bit 6
INJDis
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
BBM
PAD
Bypass
AdpDis
1
0
Functional Description of Register Bits
When high, the power-up initialization is executed which presets all register bits including this
bit and clears the Adaptive Filter coefficients.
When high, the noise injection process is disabled. When low, noise injection is enabled.
BBM
When high, the Back to Back configuration is enabled. When low, the Normal configuration is
enabled. Note: Do not enable Extended-Delay and BBM configurations at the same time.
Always set both BBM bits of the two echo cancellers (Control Register 1) of the same group to
the same logic value to avoid conflict.
PAD
When high, 12 dB of attenuation is inserted into the Rin to Rout path. When low, the Gains
register controls the signal levels.
Bypass
AdpDis
1
0
When high, Sin data is by-passed to Sout and Rin data is by-passed to Rout. The Adaptive
Filter coefficients are set to zero and the filter adaptation is stopped. When low, output data on
both Sout and Rout is a function of the echo canceller algorithm.
When high, echo canceller adaptation is disabled. The Voice Processor cancels echo.
When low, the echo canceller dynamically adapts to the echo path characteristics.
Bits marked as “1” or “0” are reserved bits and should be written as indicated.
Control Register 1 (Echo Canceller B) Bit 0 is a reserved bit and should be written “0”.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
TDis
TDis
PHDis
Data Sheet
ECA: Control Register 2
Page 0
R/W Address:
01hex + Base Address
ECB: Control Register 2
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
21hex + Base Address
Bit 6
PHDis
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
NLPDis
AutoTD
NBDis
HPFDis
MuteS
MuteR
Functional Description of Register Bits
When high, tone detection is disabled. When low, tone detection is enabled. When both Echo
Cancellers A and B TDis bits are high, Tone Disable processors are disabled entirely and are
put into Power Down mode.
When high, the tone detectors will trigger upon the presence of a 2100 Hz tone regardless of
the presence/absence of periodic phase reversals. When low, the tone detectors will trigger
only upon the presence of a 2100 Hz tone with periodic phase reversals.
NLPDis
When high, the non-linear processor is disabled. When low, the non-linear processors function
normally. Useful for G.165 conformance testing.
AutoTD
When high, the echo canceller puts itself in Bypass mode when the tone detectors detect the
presence of 2100 Hz tone. See PHDis for qualification of 2100 Hz tones.
When low, the echo canceller algorithm will remain operational regardless of the state of the
2100 Hz tone detectors.
NBDis
When high, the narrow-band detector is disabled. When low, the narrow-band detector is
enabled.
When high, the offset nulling high pass filters are bypassed in the Rin and Sin paths. When low,
the offset nulling filters are active and will remove DC offsets on PCM input signals.
When high, data on Sout is muted to quiet code. When low, Sout carries active code.
When high, data on Rout is muted to quiet code. When low, Rout carries active code.
HPFDis
MuteS
MuteR
Note: In order to correctly write to Control Register 1 and 2 of ECB, it is necessary to write the data twice to the register, one
immediately after another. The two writes must be separated by at least 350 ns and no more than 20 us.
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
Reserved
Bit 6
TD
ECA: Status Register
Page 0
Read Address:
02hex + Base Address
ECB: Status Register
A12=0
A11=0
Read Address:
22hex + Base Address
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
DTDet
Reserved
Reserved
ACTIVE
Functional Description of Register Bits
Bit 1
TDG
Bit 0
NB
Reserved
TD
DTDet
Reserved bit.
Logic high indicates the presence of a 2100 Hz tone.
Reserved
Reserved bit.
Reserved
ACTIVE
TDG
Reserved bit.
Logic high indicates that the level on Rin has exceeded the LP threshold.
Tone detection status bit gated with the AutoTD bit. (Control Register 2)
Logic high indicates that AutoTD has been enabled and the tone detector has detected the
presence of a 2100 Hz tone.
Logic high indicates the presence of a narrow-band signal on Rin.
NB
Logic high indicates the presence of a double-talk condition.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
FD7
Bit 7
SS7
Page 0
R/W Address:
04hex + Base Address
ECB: Flat Delay Register (FD)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
24hex + Base Address
Bit 5
FD5
Bit 4
FD4
Bit 3
FD3
Bit 2
FD2
Bit 1
FD1
Bit 0
FD0
ECA: Decay Step Number Register (NS)
Page 0
R/W Address:
07hex + Base Address
ECB: Decay Step Number Register (NS)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
27hex + Base Address
Bit 6
SS6
Power-up
04hex
Bit 7
0
ECA: Flat Delay Register (FD)
Bit 6
FD6
Power-up
00hex
Data Sheet
Bit 5
SS5
Bit 4
SS4
Bit 3
SS3
Bit 2
SS2
Bit 1
SS1
Bit 0
SS0
ECA: Decay Step Size Control Register (SSC)
Page 0
R/W Address:
06hex + Base Address
ECB: Decay Step Size Control Register (SSC)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
26hex + Base Address
Bit 6
0
Bit 5
0
Bit 4
0
Bit 3
0
Bit 2
SSC2
Bit 1
SSC1
Bit 0
SSC0
Amplitude of MU
FIR Filter Length (512 or 1024 taps)
1.0
Step Size (SS)
Flat Delay (FD7-0)
2-16
Time
Number of Steps (NS7-0)
Figure 13 - The MU Profile
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
Functional Description of Register Bits
The Exponential Decay registers (Decay Step Number and Decay Step Size) and Flat Delay register allow the LMS
adaptation step-size (MU) to be programmed over the length of the FIR filter. A programmable MU profile allows the
performance of the echo canceller to be optimized for specific applications. For example, if the characteristic of the
echo response is known to have a flat delay of several milliseconds and a roughly exponential decay of the echo
impulse response, then the MU profile can be programmed to approximate this expected impulse response thereby
improving the convergence characteristics of the Adaptive Filter. Note that in the following register descriptions, one
tap is equivalent to 125 µs (64 ms/512 taps).
FD7-0
Flat Delay: This register defines the flat delay of the MU profile, (i.e., where the MU value is 2-16). The
delay is defined as FD7-0 x 8 taps. For example; If FD7-0 = 5, then MU=2-16 for the first 40 taps of the
echo canceller FIR filter. The valid range of FD7-0 is: 0 ≤ FD7-0 ≤ 64 in normal mode and 0 ≤ FD7-0 ≤
128 in extended-delay mode. The default value of FD7-0 is zero.
SSC2-0 Decay Step Size Control: This register controls the step size (SS) to be used during the exponential decay
of MU. The decay rate is defined as a decrease of MU by a factor of 2 every SS taps of the FIR filter,
where SS = 4 x2SSC2-0. For example; If SSC2-0 = 4, then MU is reduced by a factor of 2 every 64 taps of
the FIR filter. The default value of SSC2-0 is 04hex.
NS7-0
Decay Step Number: This register defines the number of steps to be used for the decay of MU where each
step has a period of SS taps (see SSC2-0). The start of the exponential decay is defined as: Filter
Length (512 or 1024) - [Decay Step Number (NS7-0) x Step Size (SS)] where SS = 4 x2SSC2-0.
For example; If NS7-0=4 and SSC2-0=4, then the exponential decay start value is 512 - [NS7-0 x SS] =
512 - [4 x (4x24)] = 256 taps for a filter length of 512 taps.
Power-up
DBhex
Bit 7
Reserve
Reserved
Reserved
NLRun1
Bit 6
Reserve
ECA: Control Register 3
Page 0
R/W Address:
08hex + Base Address
ECB: Control Register 3
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
28hex + Base Address
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
NLRun1
RingClr
Reserve
PathClr
Functional Description of Register Bits
Bit 1
PathDet
Bit 0
Reserve
Reserved bit.
Reserved bit.
When high, the comfort noise level estimator actively rejects uncancelled echo as being
background noise. When low, the noise level estimator makes no such distinction.
RingClr
When high, the instability detector is activated. When low, the instability detector is disabled.
Reserve
PathClr
Reserved bit. Must always be set to one for normal operation.
When high, the current echo channel estimate will be cleared and the echo canceller will enter
fast convergence mode upon detection of a path change. When low, the echo canceller will
keep the current path estimate but revert to fast convergence mode upon detection of a path
change. Note: this bit is ignored if PathDet is low.
When high, the path change detector is activated. When low, the path change detector is
disabled.
Reserved bit.
PathDet
Reserved
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Power-up
54hex
Bit 7
0
0
SupDec
0
Slow
Page 0
R/W Address:
09hex + Base Address
ECB: Control Register 4
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
29hex + Base Address
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
SD1
SD0
0
Slow2
Slow1
Slow0
Functional Description of Register Bits
Must be set to zero.
These three bits (SD2,SD1,SD0) control how long the echo canceller remains in a fast
convergence state following a path change, Reset or Bypass operation. A value of zero will
keep the echo canceller in fast convergence indefinitely.
Must be set to zero.
Slow convergence mode speed adjustment.(Bits Slow2, Slow1,Slow0)
For Slow = 1, 2, ..., 7, slow convergence speed is reduced by a factor of 2Slow as compared to
normal adaptation.
For Slow = 0, no adaptation occurs during slow convergence.
Bit 6
RP14
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
RP7
ECA: Control Register 4
Bit 6
SD2
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
RP15
Data Sheet
ECA: Rin Peak Detect Register 2 (RP)
Page 0
Read Address:
0Dhex + Base Address
ECB: Rin Peak Detect Register 2 (RP)
A12=0
A11=0
Read Address:
2Dhex + Base Address
Bit 5
RP13
Bit 4
RP12
Bit 3
RP11
Bit 2
RP10
Bit 1
RP9
Bit 0
RP8
ECA: Rin Peak Detect Register 1 (RP)
Page 0
Read Address:
0Chex + Base Address
ECB: Rin Peak Detect Register 1 (RP)
A12=0
A11=0
Read Address:
2Chex + Base Address
Bit 6
RP6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
RP5
RP4
RP3
RP2
RP1
RP0
Functional Description of Register Bits
These peak detector registers allow the user to monitor the receive in (Rin) peak signal level. The
information is in 16-bit 2’s complement linear coded format presented in two 8 bit registers for each echo
canceller. The high byte is in Register 2 and the low byte is in Register 1.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
SP15
Bit 6
SP14
Bit 7
SP7
ECA: Sin Peak Detect Register 2 (SP)
Page 0
Read Address:
0Fhex + Base Address
ECB: Sin Peak Detect Register 2 (SP)
A12=0
A11=0
Read Address:
2Fhex + Base Address
Bit 5
SP13
Power-up
N/A
Data Sheet
Bit 4
SP12
Bit 3
SP11
Bit 2
SP10
Bit 1
SP9
Bit 0
SP8
ECA: Sin Peak Detect Register 1 (SP)
Page 0
R/W Address:
0Ehex + Base Address
ECB: Sin Peak Detect Register 1 (SP)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
2Ehex + Base Address
Bit 6
SP6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
SP5
SP4
SP3
SP2
SP1
SP0
Functional Description of Register Bits
These peak detector registers allow the user to monitor the send in (Sin) peak signal level. The information
is in 16-bit 2’s complement linear coded format presented in two 8 bit registers for each echo canceller. The
high byte is in Register 2 and the low byte is in Register 1.
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
EP15
Page 0
Read Address:
11hex + Base Address
ECB: Error Peak Detect Register 2 (EP))
A12=0
A11=0
Read Address:
21hex + Base Address
Bit 6
EP14
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
EP7
ECA: Error Peak Detect Register 2 (EP)
Bit 5
EP13
Bit 4
EP12
Bit 3
EP11
Bit 2
EP10
Bit 1
EP9
Bit 0
EP8
ECA:Error Peak Detect Register 1 (EP)
Page 0
Read Address:
10hex + Base Address
ECB: Error Peak Detect Register 1 (EP)
A12=0
A11=0
Read Address:
30hex + Base Address
Bit 6
EP6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
EP5
EP4
EP3
EP2
EP1
EP0
Functional Description of Register Bits
These peak detector registers allow the user to monitor the error signal peak level. The information is in 16
bit 2’s complement linear coded format presented in two 8 bit registers for each echo canceller.
Power-up
10hex
Bit 7
PTMR7
ECA: Path Change Timer (PATHTMR)
Page 0
R/W Address:
12hex + Base Address
ECB: Path Change Timer (PATHTMR)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
32hex + Base Address
Bit 6
PTMR6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
PTMR5
PTMR4
PTMR3
PTMR2
PTMR1
PTMR0
Functional Description of Register Bits
Negative ERLE time required to declare a path change. Raising this value decreases the path change
sensitivity.
33
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Power-up
41hex
Bit 7
PSENS7
Data Sheet
ECA: Path Change Sensitivity (PTHSENS)
Page 0
R/W Address:
13hex + Base Address
ECB: Path Change Sensitivity (PTHSENS)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
33hex + Base Address
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
PSENS5
PSENS4
PSENS3
PSENS2
PSENS1
PSENS0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register sets the negative ERLE sensitivity value. Raising this value decreases path change sensitivity.
Power-up
48hex
Bit 7
DTDT15
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
DTDT7
Bit 6
PSENS6
ECA: Double-Talk Detection Threshold Register 2
(DTDT or ERL)
Page 0
R/W Address:
15hex + Base Address
ECB: Double-Talk Detection Threshold Register 2
(DTDT or ERL)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
35hex + Base Address
Bit 6
DTDT14
Bit 5
DTDT13
Bit 4
DTDT12
Bit 3
DTDT11
Bit 2
DTDT10
Bit 1
DTDT9
Bit 0
DTDT8
ECA: Double-Talk Detection Threshold Register 1
(DTDT or ERL)
Page 0
R/W Address:
14hex + Base Address
ECB: Double-Talk Detection Threshold Register 1
(DTDT or ERL)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
34hex + Base Address
Bit 6
DTDT6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
DTDT5
DTDT4
DTDT3
DTDT2
DTDT1
DTDT0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register should reflect the minimum return echo level (SIN) relative to ROUT expected in the system.
The default value of 4800hex= 0.5625 represents a path loss of -5 dB. This value sets the high-level doubletalk detection threshold (DTDT). The information is in 16 bit 2’s complement linear coded format presented
in two 8 bit registers for each echo canceller. The maximum value is 7FFFhex = 0.9999 or 0 dB.
Power-up
04hex
Bit 7
ERLW15
Bit 6
ERLW14
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
ERLW7
ECA: SUP Lower Limit 2 (ERLLOW)
Page 0
R/W Address:
17hex + Base Address
ECB: SUP Lower Limit 2 (ERLLOW)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
37hex + Base Address
Bit 5
ERLW13
Bit 4
ERLW12
Bit 3
ERLW11
Bit 2
ERLW10
Bit 1
ERLW9
Bit 0
ERLW8
ECA: SUP Lower Limit 1 (ERLLOW)
Page 0
R/W Address:
16hex + Base Address
ECB: SUP Lower Limit 1 (ERLLOW)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
36hex + Base Address
Bit 6
ERLW6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ERLW5
ERLW4
ERLW3
ERLW2
ERLW1
ERLW0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register sets the lower limit on SUP, which marks the region below which fast convergence always
occurs (provided a signal is present). If ERLLOW is set to the DTDT starting value (4800hex), the echo
canceller will remain in fast convergence mode and will not switch to slow convergence. The information is
in 16 bit 2’s complement linear coded format presented in two 8 bit registers for each echo canceller.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Power-up
0Chex
Bit 7
NLP15
Power-up
E0hex
Data Sheet
ECA: Non-Linear Processor Threshold Register 2
(NLPTHR)
Page 0
R/W Address:
19hex + Base Address
ECB: Non-Linear Processor Threshold Register 2
(NLPTHR)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
39hex + Base Address
Bit 6
NLP14
Bit 5
NLP13
Bit 4
NLP12
Bit 3
NLP11
ECA: Non-Linear Processor Threshold Register 1
(NLPTHR)
Bit 2
NLP10
Page 0
Bit 1
NLP9
Bit 0
NLP8
R/W Address:
18hex + Base Address
A12=0
R/W Address:
ECB: Non-Linear Processor Threshold Register 1
A11=0
38hex + Base Address
(NLPTHR)
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
NLP7
NLP6
NLP5
NLP4
NLP3
NLP2
NLP1
NLP0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register allows the user to program the level of the Non-Linear Processor Threshold (NLPTHR). The 16
bit 2’s complement linear value defaults to 0CE0hex = 0.1 or -20.0 dB. The maximum value is 7FFFhex =
0.9999 or 0 dB.
Power-up
40hex
Bit 7
MU15
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
MU7
ECA: Adaptation Step Size Register 2 (MU)
Page 0
R/W Address:
1Bhex + Base Address
ECB: Adaptation Step Size Register 2 (MU)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
3Bhex + Base Address
Bit 6
MU14
Bit 5
MU13
Bit 4
MU12
Bit 3
MU11
Bit 2
MU10
Bit 1
MU9
Bit 0
MU8
ECA: Adaptation Step Size Register 1 (MU)
Page 0
R/W Address:
1Ahex + Base Address
ECB: Adaptation Step Size Register 1 (MU)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
3Ahex + Base Address
Bit 6
MU6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
MU5
MU4
MU3
MU2
MU1
MU0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register allows the user to program the level of MU, which is the LMS filter step size. Increasing this
value can speed up convergence times, but can also potentially decrease VEC stability. MU is a 16 bit 2’s
complement value which defaults to 4000hex = 1.0 The maximum value is 7FFFhex or 1.9999 decimal. The
high byte is in Register 2 and the low byte is in Register 1.
35
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Power-up
40hex
Bit 7
0
Bit 6
Rin2
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
0
Data Sheet
ECA: Gains Register 2
Page 0
R/W Address:
1Dhex + Base Address
ECB: Gains Register 2
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
3Dhex + Base Address
Bit 5
Rin1
Bit 4
Rin0
Bit 3
0
Bit 2
Rout2
Bit 1
Rout1
Bit 0
Rout0
ECA: Gains Register 1
Page 0
R/W Address:
1Chex + Base Address
ECB: Gains Register 1
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
3Chex + Base Address
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Sin1
Sin0
0
Sout2
Sout1
Sout0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register is used to select gain values on RIN, ROUT, SIN and SOUT.
Gains is split into four groups of four bits. Each group maps to a different signal port (as indicated above),
and has three gain bits. The following table indicates how these gain bits are used:
Bit2
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
Bit 6
Sin2
Bit1 Bit0
1 1
1 0
0 1
0 0
1 1
1 0
0 1
0 0
Gain Level
+9 dB
+6 dB)
+3 dB
0 dB (default)
-3 dB
-6 dB
-9 dB
-12 dB
Note that the -12 dB PAD bit in Control Register 1 provides 12 dB of attenuation in the Rin to Rout path, and
will override the settings in Gains.
Power-up
08hex
Bit 7
NLPTH7
ECA: NLP Threshold 2 (NLPTHR2)
Page 0
R/W Address:
1Ehex + Base Address
ECB: NLP Threshold 2 (NLPTHR2)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
3Ehex + Base Address
Bit 6
NLPTH6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
NLPTH5
NLPTH4
NLPTH3
NLPTH2
NLPTH1
NLPTH0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register is used to force the NLP off when very small signals exist on RIN. NLP is forced off if RIN is
below NLPTHR2 << 4. Raising this value can help prevent NLP masking at very low signal levels.
36
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Power-up
08hex
Bit 7
LPTH7
Data Sheet
ECA: Low Power Threshold (LPTHRES)
Page 0
R/W Address:
1Fhex + Base Address
ECB: Low Power Threshold (LPTHRES)
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
3Fhex + Base Address
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
LPTH5
LPTH4
LPTH3
LPTH2
LPTH1
LPTH0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register is used to control the RIN low power threshold. The threshold is set by LPTHRES << 4 and is
compared to RIN. Raising LPTHRES makes the VEC less responsive to very small signals.
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
SUP15
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
SUP7
Bit 6
LPTH6
ECA: Estimated Echo Cancellation Level 2 (SUP)
Page 1
R/W Address:
05hex + Base Address
ECB: Estimated Echo Cancellation Level 2 (SUP)
A12=0
A11=1
R/W Address:
25hex + Base Address
Bit 6
SUP14
Bit 5
SUP13
Bit 4
SUP12
Bit 3
SUP11
Bit 2
SUP10
Bit 1
SUP9
Bit 0
SUP8
ECA: Estimated Echo Cancellation Level 1 (SUP)
Page 1
Read Address:
04hex + Base Address
ECB: Estimated Echo Cancellation Level 1 (SUP)
A12=0
A11=1
Read Address:
24hex + Base Address
Bit 6
SUP6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
SUP5
SUP4
SUP3
SUP2
SUP1
SUP0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register is the estimate of the level of error as compared to RUN. SUP is used to detect low-level
double-talk and to select convergence speed (fast or slow). This register is a 16 bit 2’s complement linear
value and defaults to 4800hex = 0 dB. As cancellation progresses, this value decreases with its lower limit
set by ERLLOW. It is reset after a path change or reset/bypass operation.
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
ERR15
Bit 6
ERR14
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
ERR7
ECA: Residual Error Signal 2 (ERR)
Page 1
Read Address:
07hex + Base Address
ECB: Residual Error Signal 2 (ERR)
A12=0
A11=1
Read Address:
27hex + Base Address
Bit 5
ERR13
Bit 4
ERR12
Bit 3
ERR11
Bit 2
ERR10
Bit 1
ERR9
Bit 0
ERR8
ECA: Residual Error Signal 1 (ERR)
Page 1
Read Address:
06hex + Base Address
ECB: Residual Error Signal 1 (ERR)
A12=0
A11=1
Read Address:
26hex + Base Address
Bit 6
ERR6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ERR5
ERR4
ERR3
ERR2
ERR1
ERR0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register represents the error signal after the filter and prior to NLP. This register is a 16 bit 2’s
complement linear value.
37
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
NLINC15
Bit 6
NLINC14
Power-up
04hex
Bit 7
NLINC7
Data Sheet
ECA: Noise Level Control 2 (NLINC)
Page 2
R/W Address:
11hex + Base Address
ECB: Noise Level Control 2 (NLINC)
A12=1
A11=0
R/W Address:
31hex + Base Address
Bit 5
NLINC13
Bit 4
NLINC12
Bit 3
NLINC11
Bit 2
NLINC10
Bit 1
NLINC9
Bit 0
NLINC8
ECA: Noise Level Control 1 (NLINC)
Page 2
R/W Address:
10hex + Base Address
ECB: Noise Level Control 1 (NLINC)
A12=1
A11=0
R/W Address:
30hex + Base Address
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
NLINC5
NLINC4
NLINC3
NLINC2
NLINC1
NLINC0
Functional Description of Register Bits
Noise level estimator ramping rate. A lower value will give faster ramping. The default value of 4hex will
provide G.168 compliance.
Power-up
40hex
Bit 7
NLIMIT15
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
NLIMIT7
Bit 6
NLINC6
ECA: Maximum Comfort Noise Level 2 (NLIMIT)
Page 2
R/W Address:
19hex + Base Address
ECB: Maximum Comfort Noise Level 2 (NLIMIT)
A12=1
A11=0
R/W Address:
39hex + Base Address
Bit 6
NLIMIT14
Bit 5
NLIMIT13
Bit 4
NLIMIT12
Bit 3
NLIMIT11
Bit 2
NLIMIT10
Bit 1
NLIMIT9
Bit 0
NLIMIT8
ECA: Maximum Comfort Noise Level 1 (NLIMIT)
Page 2
R/W Address:
18hex + Base Address
ECB: Maximum Comfort Noise Level 1 (NLIMIT)
A12=1
A11=0
R/W Address:
38hex + Base Address
Bit 6
NLIMIT6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
NLIMIT5
NLIMIT4
NLIMIT3
NLIMIT2
NLIMIT1
NLIMIT0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register controls the maximum comfort noise injection value that the VEC is able to use. This register is
a 16-bit linear value.
38
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Power-up
3Ehex
Bit 7
RMPO15
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
RMPO7
Data Sheet
ECA: NLP Ramp-out Rate 2 (RAMPOUT)
Page 2
R/W Address:
1Bhex + Base Address
ECB: NLP Ramp-out Rate 2 (RAMPOUT)
A12=1
A11=0
R/W Address:
3Bhex + Base Address
Bit 6
RMPO14
Bit 5
RMPO13
Bit 4
RMPO12
Bit 3
RMPO11
Bit 2
RMPO10
Bit 1
RMPO9
Bit 0
RMPO8
ECA: NLP Ramp-out Rate 1 (RAMPOUT)
Page 2
R/W Address:
1Ahex + Base Address
ECB: NLP Ramp-out Rate 1 (RAMPOUT)
A12=1
A11=0
R/W Address:
3Ahex + Base Address
Bit 6
RMPO6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
RMPO5
RMPO4
RMPO3
RMPO2
RMPO1
RMPO0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register controls how quickly the NLP turns on. RAMPOUT is normalized to 4000hex = 1 and only
values lower than this are valid. Lowering this value will cause the NLP to turn on more quickly.
Power-up
41hex
Bit 7
RMPI15
Bit 6
RMPI14
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
RMPI7
ECA: NLP Ramp-in Rate 2 (RAMPIN)
Page 2
R/W Address:
1Dhex + Base Address
ECB: NLP Ramp-in Rate 2 (RAMPIN)
A12=1
A11=0
R/W Address:
3Dhex + Base Address
Bit 5
RMPI13
Bit 4
RMPI12
Bit 3
RMPI11
Bit 2
RMPI10
Bit 1
RMPI9
Bit 0
RMPI8
ECA: NLP Ramp-in Rate 2 (RAMPIN)
Page 2
R/W Address:
1Chex + Base Address
ECB: NLP Ramp-in Rate 2 (RAMPIN)
A12=1
A11=0
R/W Address:
3Chex + Base Address
Bit 6
RMPI6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
RMPI5
RMPI4
RMPI3
RMPI2
RMPI1
RMPI0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register controls how quickly the NLP turns off. RAMPIN is normalized to 4000hex = 1 and only values
higher than this are valid. Raising this value will cause the NLP to turn off more quickly.
39
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
NSL15
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
NSL7
Data Sheet
ECA: Background Noise Level Estimate 2 (NOISLEV)
Page 3
Read Address:
03hex + Base Address
ECB: Background Noise Level Estimate 2 (NOISLEV)
A12=1
A11=1
Read Address:
23hex + Base Address
Bit 6
NSL14
Bit 5
NSL13
Bit 4
NSL12
Bit 3
NSL11
Bit 2
NSL10
Bit 1
NSL9
ECA: Background Noise Level Estimate 1 (NOISLEV)
Page 3
Read Address:
02hex + Base Address
ECB: Background Noise Level Estimate 1 (NOISLEV)
A12=1
A11=1
Read Address:
22hex + Base Address
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
NSL5
NSL4
NSL3
NSL2
NSL1
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register reflects the VEC’s current estimation of background noise as a 16 bit linear value.
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
NLPSS15
Power-up
N/A
Bit 7
NLPSS7
Bit 0
NSL8
Bit 6
NSL6
Bit 0
NSL0
ECA: NLP Signal Scaling Factor 2 (NLPGAIN)
Page 3
Read Address:
05hex + Base Address
ECB: NLP Signal Scaling Factor 2 (NLPGAIN)
A12=1
A11=1
Read Address:
25hex + Base Address
Bit 6
NLPSS14
Bit 5
NLPSS13
Bit 4
NLPSS12
Bit 3
NLPSS11
Bit 2
NLPSS10
Bit 1
NLPSS9
Bit 0
NLPSS8
ECA: NLP Signal Scaling Factor 1 (NLPGAIN)
Page 3
Read Address:
04hex + Base Address
ECB: NLP Signal Scaling Factor 1 (NLPGAIN)
A12=1
A11=1
Read Address:
24hex + Base Address
Bit 6
NLPSS6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
NLPSS5
NLPSS4
NLPSS3
NLPSS2
NLPSS1
NLPSS0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register reflects the NLP attenuation, and is affected by the RAMPIN and RAMPOUT values. NLPGAIN
is a 16-bit linear value which is normalized to 4000hex = 1 (no attenuation). Lower values reflect more
attenuation.
40
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Power-up
01hex
Bit 7
NLS15
Power-up
AAhex
Bit 7
NLS7
Data Sheet
ECA: Noise Level Scaling Factor 2 (NLSCALE)
Page 3
R/W Address:
0Dhex + Base Address
ECB: Noise Level Scaling Factor 2 (NLSCALE)
A12=1
A11=1
R/W Address:
2Dhex + Base Address
Bit 6
NLS14
Bit 5
NLS13
Bit 4
NLS12
Bit 3
NLS11
Bit 2
NLS10
Bit 1
NLS9
Bit 0
NLS8
ECA: Noise Level Scaling Factor 1 (NLSCALE)
Page 3
R/W Address:
0Chex + Base Address
ECB: Noise Level Scaling Factor 1 (NLSCALE)
A12=1
A11=1
R/W Address:
2Chex + Base Address
Bit 6
NLS6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
NLS5
NLS4
NLS3
NLS2
NLS1
NLS0
Functional Description of Register Bits
This register is used to scale the comfort noise up or down. Larger values will increase the relative level of
comfort noise. The default value of 01AAhex will provide G.168 compliance with the Advanced NLP. The high
byte is in Register 2 and the low byte is in Register 1.
41
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Page 0
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
WR_all
WR_all
ODE
MIRQ
MTDBI
MTDAI
Format
Law
PWUP
Data Sheet
Main Control Register 0 (EC Group 0)
Bit 6
ODE
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
400hex
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
MIRQ
MTDBI
MTDAI
Format
Law
PWUP
Functional Description of Register Bits
Write all control bit: When high, Group 0-15 Echo Cancellers Registers are mapped into
0000hex to 0003Fhex which is Group 0 address mapping. Useful to initialize the 16 Groups of
Echo Cancellers as per Group 0. When low, address mapping is per Figure 11. Note: Only the
Main Control Register 0 has the WR_all bit.
Output Data Enable: This control bit is logically AND’d with the ODE input pin. When both ODE
bit and ODE input pin are high, the Rout and Sout outputs are enabled. When the ODE bit is
low or the ODE input pin is low, the Rout and Sout outputs are high impedance. Note: Only the
Main Control Register 0 has the ODE bit.
Mask Interrupt: When high, all the interrupts from the Tone Detectors output are masked. The
Tone Detectors operate as specified in their Echo Canceller B, Control Register 2.
When low, the Tone Detectors Interrupts are active.
Note: Only the Main Control Register 0 has the MIRQ bit.
Mask Tone Detector B Interrupt: When high, the Tone Detector interrupt output from Echo
Canceller B is masked. The Tone Detector operates as specified in Echo Canceller B, Control
Register 2. When low, the Tone Detector B Interrupt is active.
Mask Tone Detector A Interrupt: When high, the Tone Detector interrupt output from Echo
Canceller A is masked. The Tone Detector operates as specified in Echo Canceller A, Control
Register 2. When low, the Tone Detector A Interrupt is active.
ITU-T/Sign Mag: When high, both Echo Cancellers A and B for a given group, accept ITU-T
(G.711) PCM code. When low, both Echo Cancellers A and B for a given group, accept signmagnitude PCM code.
A/µ Law: When high, both Echo Cancellers A and B for a given group, accept A-Law
companded PCM code. When low, both Echo Cancellers A and B for a given group, accept µLaw companded PCM code.
Power-UP: When high, both Echo Cancellers A and B and Tone Detectors for a given group,
are active. When low, both Echo Cancellers A and B and Tone Detectors for a given group, are
placed in Power Down mode. In this mode, the corresponding PCM data are bypassed from
Rin to Rout and from Sin to Sout with two frames delay. When the PWUP bit toggles from
zero to one, the echo canceller A and B execute their initialization routine which presets their
registers, Base Address+00hex to Base Address+3Fhex, to default power up value and clears
the Adaptive Filter coefficients. Two frames are necessary for the initialization routine to
execute properly. Once the initialization routine is executed, the user can set the per channel
Control Registers for their specific application.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Main Control Register 1 (EC Group 1)
R/W Address: 401hex
Main Control Register 2 (EC Group 1)
R/W Address: 402hex
Main Control Register 3 (EC Group 1)
R/W Address: 403hex
Main Control Register 4 (EC Group 1)
R/W Address: 404hex
Main Control Register 5 (EC Group 1)
R/W Address: 405hex
Main Control Register 6 (EC Group 1)
R/W Address: 406hex
Main Control Register 7 (EC Group 1)
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
Unused
Unused
MTDBI
MTDAI
Format
Law
PWUP
Data Sheet
Main Control Register 8 (EC Group 1)
Main Control Register 9 (EC Group 1)
Page0
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address: 407hex
R/W Address: 408hex
R/W Address: 409hex
Main Control Register 10 (EC Group 1)
R/W Address: 40Ahex
Main Control Register 11 (EC Group 1)
R/W Address: 40Bhex
Main Control Register 12 (EC Group 1)
R/W Address: 40Chex
Main Control Register 13 (EC Group 1)
R/W Address: 40Dhex
Main Control Register 14 (EC Group 1)
R/W Address: 40Ehex
Main Control Register 15 (EC Group 1)
R/W Address: 40Fhex
Bit 6
Unused
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Unused
MTDBI
MTDAI
Format
Functional Description of Register Bits
Bit 1
Law
Bit 0
PWUP
Unused bits
Mask Tone Detector B Interrupt: When high, the Tone Detector interrupt output from Echo
Canceller B is masked. The Tone Detector operates as specified in Echo Canceller B, Control
Register 2. When low, the Tone Detector B Interrupt is active.
Mask Tone Detector A Interrupt: When high, the Tone Detector interrupt output from Echo
Canceller A is masked. The Tone Detector operates as specified in Echo Canceller A, Control
Register 2. When low, the Tone Detector A Interrupt is active.
ITU-T/Sign Mag: When high, both Echo Cancellers A and B for a given group, accept ITU-T
(G.711) PCM code. When low, both Echo Cancellers A and B for a given group, accept signmagnitude PCM code.
A/µ Law: When high, both Echo Cancellers A and B for a given group, accept A-Law
companded PCM code. When low, both Echo Cancellers A and B for a given group, accept µLaw companded PCM code.
Power-UP: When high, both Echo Cancellers A and B and Tone Detectors for a given group,
are active. When low, both Echo Cancellers A and B and Tone Detectors for a given group, are
placed in Power Down mode. In this mode, the corresponding PCM data are bypassed from
Rin to Rout and from Sin to Sout with two frames delay. When the PWUP bit toggles from
zero to one, the echo cancellers A and B execute their initialization routine which presets their
registers, Base Address+00hex to Base Address+3Fhex, to default Reset Value and clears the
Adaptive Filter coefficients. Two frames are necessary for the initialization routine to execute
properly. Once the initialization routine is executed, the user can set the per channel Control
Registers for their specific application.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Page 0
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
IRQ
IRQ
0
I<4:0>
Interrupt FIFO Register
Reserved
Tirq
A12=0
A11=0
R/W Address:
410hex
Bit 6
0
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
I4
I3
I2
I1
I0
Functional Description of Register Bits
Write all control bit: When high, Group 0-15 Echo Cancellers Registers are mapped into
0000hex to 0003Fhex which is Group 0 address mapping. Useful to initialize the 16 Groups of
Echo Cancellers as per Group 0. When low, address mapping is per Figure 11. Note: Only the
Main Control Register 0 has the WR_all bit.
Unused bits. Always zero.
I<4:0> binary code indicates the channel number at which a Tone Detector state change has
occurred. Note: Whenever a Tone Disable is detected or released, an interrupt is generated.
Page 0
Power-up
00hex
Bit 7
Reserved
Data Sheet
Test Register
A12=0
A11=0
Bit 6
Reserved
R/W Address:
411hex
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Functional Description of Register Bits
Reserved bits. Must always be set to zero for normal operation.
Test IRQ: Useful for the application engineer to verify the interrupt service routine. When high,
any change to MTDBI and MTDAI bits of the Main Control Register will cause an interrupt and
its corresponding channel number will be available from the Interrupt FIFO Register. When low,
normal operation is selected.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
Absolute Maximum Ratings*
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Max.
Units
1
I/O Supply Voltage (VDD1)
VDD_IO
-0.5
5.0
V
2
Core Supply Voltage (VDD2)
VDD_CORE
-0.5
2.5
V
3
Input Voltage
VI3
VSS - 0.5
VDD1+0.5
V
4
Input Voltage on any 5 V Tolerant I/O pins
VI5
VSS - 0.3
7.0
V
5
Continuous Current at digital outputs
Io
20
mA
6
Package power dissipation
PD
3.0
W
150
°C
7
Storage temperature
TS
-55
* Exceeding these values may cause permanent damage. Functional operation under these conditions is not implied.
.
Recommended Operating Conditions - Voltages are with respect to ground (Vss) unless otherwise stated
Characteristics
Sym.
Min.
Typ.‡
Max.
Units
+85
°C
1
Operating Temperature
TOP
-40
2
I/O Supply Voltage (VDD_IO)
VDD1
3.0
3.3
3.6
V
3
Core Supply Voltage (VDD_CORE)
VDD2
1.6
1.8
2.0
V
4
Input High Voltage on 3.3 V tolerant I/O
VIH3
0.7VDD1
VDD1
V
5
Input High Voltage on 5 V tolerant I/O pins
VIH5
0.7VDD1
5.5
V
6
Input Low Voltage
VIL
0.3VDD1
V
‡ Typical figures are at 25°C and are for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
DC Electrical Characteristics† - Voltages are with respect to ground (Vss) unless otherwise stated.
Characteristics
Static Supply Current
1
IDD_IO (VDD1 = 3.3 V)
Single EV Processor
3
4
I
N
P
U
T
S
Test Conditions
250
µA
RESET = 0
IDD_CORE
65
mA
32 channels of single
EVP are active
Power Consumption
PC
1.2
W
All EVP’s i.e., 256 channels are active
Input High Voltage
VIH
Input Low Voltage
VIL
Input Pin Capacitance
9
Units
32 channels of single
EVP are active
6
8
ICC
Max.
mA
Input Leakage
Input Leakage on Pullup
Input Leakage on Pulldown
O
U
T
P
U
T
S
Typ.‡
10
5
7
Min.
IDD_IO
IDD_CORE (VDD2 = 1.8 V)
Single EV Processor
2
Sym.
0.7VDD1
V
0.3VDD1
IIH/IIL
ILU
ILD
Output High Voltage
VOH
Output Low Voltage
VOL
High Impedance Leakage
IOZ
µA
µA
µA
10
-100
100
CI
V
10
0.8VDD1
VIN=VSS to VDD1or 5.5 V
VIN=VSS
VIN=VDD1
See Note 1
pF
V
IOH = 12 mA
0.4
V
IOL = 12 mA
10
µA
VIN=VSS to 5.5 V
10
Output Pin Capacitance
CO
10
pF
† Characteristics are over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated.
‡ Typical figures are at 25°C, VDD1 =3.3 V and are for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
* Note 1: Typical leakage for TMS and TRSTB pins is ~ 1mA max due to lower effective resistance due to parallelled EVPs.
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
AC Electrical Characteristics† - Timing Parameter Measurement Voltage Levels
- Voltages are with respect to ground (Vss) unless otherwise stated.
Characteristics
Sym.
Level
Units
1
CMOS Threshold
VTT
0.5VDD1
V
2
CMOS Rise/Fall Threshold Voltage High
VHM
0.7VDD1
V
3 CMOS Rise/Fall Threshold Voltage Low
VLM
0.3VDD1
† Characteristics are over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated.
V
Conditions
AC Electrical Characteristics† - Frame Pulse and C4i
Characteristic
1 Frame pulse width (ST-BUS, GCI)
Sym.
Min.
tFPW
20
Typ.‡
Max.
Units
2*
ns
Notes
tCP-20
2 Frame Pulse Setup time before
C4i falling (ST-BUS or GCI)
tFPS
10
122
150
ns
3 Frame Pulse Hold Time from C4i
falling (ST-BUS or GCI)
tFPH
10
122
150
ns
4 C4i Period
tCP
190
244
300
ns
5 C4i Pulse Width High
tCH
85
150
ns
6 C4i Pulse Width Low
tCL
85
150
ns
7 C4i Rise/Fall Time
tr, tf
10
ns
† Characteristics are over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated.
‡ Typical figures are at 25°C, VDD1 = 3.3 V and for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
AC Electrical Characteristics† - Serial Streams for ST-BUS and GCI Backplanes
Characteristic
Sym.
Min.
Typ.‡
Max.
Units
1
Rin/Sin Set-up Time
tSIS
10
ns
2
Rin/Sin Hold Time
tSIH
10
ns
3
Rout/Sout Delay
- Active to Active
tSOD
60
ns
4
Output Data Enable (ODE)
Delay
tODE
30
ns
Test Conditions
† Characteristics are over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated.
‡ Typical figures are at 25°C, VDD1 = 3.3 V and for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
AC Electrical Characteristics† - Master Clock - Voltages are with respect to ground (VSS). unless otherwise stated.
Characteristic
Sym.
Min.
Typ.‡
Max.
Units
1 Master Clock Frequency,
- Fsel = 0
- Fsel = 1
fMCF0
fMCF1
19.0
9.5
20.0
10.0
21.0
10.5
MHz
MHz
2 Master Clock Low
tMCL
20
ns
3 Master Clock High
tMCH
20
ns
Notes
† Characteristics are over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated.
‡ Typical figures are at 25°C, VDD1 = 3.3 V and for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
46
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
Data Sheet
AC Electrical Characteristics† - Motorola Non-Multiplexed Bus Mode
Characteristics
Sym.
Min.
Typ.‡
Max.
Units
1
CS setup from DS falling
tCSS
0
ns
2
R/W setup from DS falling
tRWS
0
ns
3
Address setup from DS falling
tADS
0
ns
4
CS hold after DS rising
tCSH
0
ns
5
R/W hold after DS rising
tRWH
0
ns
6
Address hold after DS rising
tADH
0
ns
7
Data delay on read
tDDR
8
Data hold on read
tDHR
3
9
Data setup on write
tDSW
0
ns
10
Data hold on write
tDHW
0
ns
11
Acknowledgment delay
tAKD
12
Acknowledgment hold time
tAKH
13
IRQ delay
tIRD
79
ns
15
ns
80
ns
0
8
ns
20
65
ns
Test Conditions
† Characteristics are over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated.
‡ Typical figures are at 25°C, VDD1 = 3.3 V and for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing.
tFPW
F0i
VTT
tFPS
tCP
tFPH
tCH
tCL
tr
VHM
VTT
VLM
C4i
tSOD
Rout/Sout
Bit 0, Channel 31
tf
Bit 7, Channel 0
tSIS
Rin/Sin
Bit 0, Channel 31
Bit 6, Channel 0
Bit 5, Channel 0
VTT
tSIH
Bit 7, Channel 0
Bit 6, Channel 0
Bit 5, Channel 0
Figure 14 - ST-BUS Timing at 2.048 Mb/s
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
VTT
ZL38070
Data Sheet
tFPW
F0i
VTT
tFPS
tCP
tFPH
tCH
tCL
tr
VHM
VTT
VLM
C4i
tSOD
Sout/Rout
Bit 7, Channel 31
tf
Bit 0, Channel 0
tSIS
Sin/Rin
Bit 7, Channel 31
Bit 1, Channel 0
Bit 2, Channel 0
VTT
tSIH
Bit 0, Channel 0
Bit 1, Channel 0
Bit 2, Channel 0
VTT
Figure 15 - GCI Interface Timing at 2.048 Mb/s
VTT
ODE
tODE
Sout/Rout
HiZ
tODE
Valid Data
HiZ
VTT
Figure 16 - Output Driver Enable (ODE)
tMCH
VTT
MCLK
tMCL
Figure 17 - Master Clock
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Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
ZL38070
DS
Data Sheet
tCSS
tCSH
VTT
CS
tRWH
tRWS
VTT
R/W
tADS
tADH
VTT
VALID ADDRESS
A0-A12
tDDR
D0-D7
READ
VTT
tDHR
VTT
VALID READ DATA
tDSW
tDHW
D0-D7
WRITE
VTT
VALID WRITE DATA
tAKD
tAKH
VTT
DTA
tIRD
VTT
IRQ
Figure 18 - Motorola Non-Multiplexed Bus Timing
49
Zarlink Semiconductor Inc.
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