19-5456; Rev 0; 8/10 TION KIT EVALUA BLE IL AVA A GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers The MAX2686/MAX2688 low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) are designed for GPS L1, Galileo, and GLONASS applications. Designed in Maxim’s advanced SiGe process, the devices achieve high gain and ultra-low-noise figure while maximizing the input-referred 1dB compression point and the 3rd-order intercept point. The MAX2686 provides a high gain of 19dB. The MAX2688 supplies 15dB of gain while attaining higher linearity. The devices operate from a +1.6V to +3.3V single supply. The optional shutdown feature in the devices reduces the supply current to less than 10FA. The devices are available in a very small, lead-free, RoHS-compliant, 0.86mm x 0.86mm x 0.65mm wafer-level package (WLP). Features SHigh-Power Gain: 19dB (MAX2686) SUltra-Low-Noise Figure: 0.75dB (MAX2686) SIntegrated 50Ω Output Matching Circuit SLow Supply Current: 4.1mA SWide Supply Voltage Range: 1.6V to 3.3V SLow Bill of Materials: One Inductor, Two Capacitors SSmall Footprint: 0.86mm x 0.86mm SThin Profile: 0.65mm S0.4mm-Pitch Wafer-Level Package (WLP) Applications Ordering Information Automotive Navigation Telematics (Asset Tracking and Management) PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE Personal Navigation Devices (PNDs) MAX2686EWS+T -40NC to +85NC 4 WLP Cellular Phones with GPS MAX2688EWS+T -40NC to +85NC 4 WLP +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. T = Tape and reel. Notebook PCs/Ultra-Mobile PCs Recreational, Marine Navigation Avionics Watches Digital Cameras Typical Application Circuit VCC VCC A1 MAX2686 MAX2688 A2 RFOUT C2 RF INPUT C1 L1 RF OUTPUT R1 25kI SHDN OPTIONAL SHUTDOWN RFIN B1 MAX2686 L1 = 6.8nH C1 = 100nF C2 = 10pF B2 GND MAX2688 L1 = 6.2nH C1 = 100nF C2 = 10pF ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. MAX2686/MAX2688 General Description MAX2686/MAX2688 GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCC to GND...........................................................-0.3V to +3.6V Other Pins to GND................-0.3V to (+ Operating VCC + 0.3V) Maximum RF Input Power................................................ +5dBm Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 4-Bump WLP (derates 9.7mW/°C above +70°C).........776mW Maximum Current into RF Input..........................................10mA Operating Temperature Range........................... -40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range............................. -65°C to +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s)......... Reflow Profile (Note 1) Soldering Temperature (reflow).......................................+260°C Note 1: Refer to Application Note 1891: Wafer-Level Packaging (WLP) and Its Applications. CAUTION! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX2686/MAX2688 EV kit, VCC = 1.6V to 3.3V, TA = -40NC to +85NC, no RF signals are applied. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V and TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Supply Voltage Supply Current SHDN = high MIN TYP MAX UNITS 1.6 2.85 3.3 V MAX2686 4.1 MAX2688 4.1 Digital Input Logic-High Shutdown mode, SHDN = low (Note 3) Digital Input Logic-Low (Note 3) mA 10 1.2 µA V 0.45 V AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX2686/MAX2688 EV kit, VCC = 1.6V to 3.3V, TA = -40NC to +85NC, fRFIN = 1575.42MHz. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V and TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2) PARAMETER RF Frequency CONDITIONS VCC = 2.85V (Note 4) Power Gain VCC = 1.6V Noise Figure VCC = 1.6V to 3.3V In-Band 3rd-Order Input Intercept Point (Note 5) Out-of-Band 3rd-Order Input Intercept Point (Note 6) Input 1dB Compression Point (Note 7) Input Return Loss 2 MIN L1 band TYP 1575.42 MAX2686 14.7 19 MAX2688 11.9 15.4 MAX2686 14.4 18.9 MAX2688 11.6 15.3 MAX2686 0.75 MAX2688 0.8 MAX2686 -3 MAX2688 +4 MAX2686 0 MAX2688 +7 MAX2686 -10 MAX2688 -6 8.5 MAX UNITS MHz dB dB dBm dBm dBm dB GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers (MAX2686/MAX2688 EV kit, VCC = 1.6V to 3.3V, TA = -40NC to +85NC, fRFIN = 1575.42MHz. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V and TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Output Return Loss 15 dB Reverse Isolation 40 dB Note 2: M in and max limits guaranteed by test at TA = +25°C and guaranteed by design and characterization at TA = -40°C and TA = +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Note 3: Min and max limits guaranteed by test at TA = +25°C. Note 4: Min limit guaranteed by design and characterization. Note 5: Measured with the two tones located at 1MHz and 2MHz offset from the center of the GPS band with -27dBm/tone for the MAX2686 and -24dBm/tone for the MAX2688. Note 6: Measured with input tones at 1713MHz (-27dBm) and 1851MHz (-39dBm). Note 7: Measured with a tone located at 5MHz offset from the center of the GPS band. Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2686/MAX2688 EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.) MAX2688 REVERSE ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY -20 MAX2686 20 -25 -30 -35 MAX2686 -20 -25 |S12| (dB) GAIN (dB) 15 10 MAX2688 5 -45 -50 MAX2688 -60 0 -35 MAX2686 -40 -55 -30 -65 -40 -5 1500 2000 2500 -70 1000 500 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1500 2000 2500 1000 -5 1500 2000 2500 FREQUENCY (MHz) MAX2686 IN-BAND IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE OUTPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY 0 (TWO TONES LOCATED AT 1MHz AND 2MHz OFFSET WITH -30dBm/TONE) 0 -1 -10 TA = -40°C IIP3 (dBm) -2 -15 -20 MAX2686 TA = +25°C -3 -4 -25 -5 -30 500 FREQUENCY (MHz) MAX2686 toc05 1000 MAX2686 toc04 500 |S22| (dB) |S11| (dB) -10 -15 MAX2686 toc03 MAX2686 toc01 -5 GAIN vs. FREQUENCY 25 MAX2686 toc02 INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY 0 TA = +85°C MAX2688 -6 -35 500 1000 1500 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2000 2500 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 3 MAX2686/MAX2688 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2686/MAX2688 EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.) MAX2686 OUT-OF-BAND IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE MAX2688 IN-BAND IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE MAX2686 toc06 TA = -40°C 5 TA = +25°C 1.5 1.0 TA = -40°C 0.5 IIP3 (dBm) 4 3 2 0 -0.5 -1.0 -1.5 -2.0 TA = +85°C 1 -2.5 TA = +85°C -3.0 0 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 1.6 1.8 3.2 MAX2688 OUT-OF-BAND IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE 3.2 -7 -8 INPUT P1dB (dBm) TA = +85°C 8 IIP3 (dBm) 2.8 3.0 -6 MAX2686 toc08 TA = +25°C 6 4 TA = -40°C -9 TA = +25°C -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 TA = -40°C 2 2.4 2.6 MAX2686 INPUT P1dB COMPRESSION vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE (TONE 1 AT 1713MHz, -27dBm; TONE 2 AT 1851MHz, -39dBm) 12 10 2.0 2.2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) MAX2686 toc09 1.6 1.8 TA = +85°C -15 -16 0 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 1.6 1.8 3.2 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) MAX2688 INPUT P1dB COMPRESSION vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE 1dB GAIN DESENSE vs. BLOCKER FREQUENCY -5 -7 TA = +85°C -8 -9 0 BLOCKER POWER (dBm) TA = +25°C -6 5 MAX2686 toc10 -4 TA = -40°C -10 3.2 MAX2688 -5 -10 MAX2686 -15 -20 -11 -12 -25 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 4 TA = +25°C MAX2686 toc11 IIP3 (dBm) MAX2686 toc07 (TONE 1 AT 1713MHz, -27dBm; TONE 2 AT 1851MHz, -39dBm) 2.0 (TWO TONES LOCATED AT 1MHz AND 2MHz OFFSET WITH -30dBm/TONE) 6 INPUT P1dB (dBm) MAX2686/MAX2688 GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers 3.0 3.2 500 1000 1500 2000 BLOCKER FREQUENCY (MHz) 2500 GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers TOP VIEW + VCC A1 A2 RFOUT (SHDN) B2 GND MAX2686 MAX2688 RFIN B1 WLP Bump Description BUMP NAME A1 VCC FUNCTION A2 RFOUT (SHDN) B1 RFIN RF Input. Requires a DC-blocking capacitor and external matching components. B2 GND Ground. Connect to the PCB ground plane. Supply Voltage. Bypass to ground with a 10pF capacitor as close as possible to the IC. RF Output/SHDN Input. RFOUT is internally matched to 50I and pulled up to VCC through a 1MI resistor. SHDN is shared with the RFOUT bump. The devices are in active mode by default once VCC is applied. RFOUT(SHDN) can be pulled to a DC low externally to shut down the IC. Detailed Description The MAX2686/MAX2688 are LNAs designed for GPS L1, Galileo, and GLONASS applications. The devices feature an optional power-shutdown control mode to eliminate the need for an external supply switch. The devices achieve high gain, ultra-low-noise figure, and excellent linearity. Input and Output Matching The devices require an off-chip input matching. Only an inductor in series with a DC-blocking capacitor is needed to form the input matching circuit. The Typical Application Circuit shows the recommended inputmatching network. These values are optimized for the best simultaneous gain, noise figure, and return loss performance. The value of the input coupling capacitor affects IIP3. A smaller coupling capacitor results in lower IIP3. The devices integrate an on-chip output matching to 50I at the output, eliminating the need for external matching components. Tables 1 and 2 list typical device S parameters and Kf values. Typical noise parameters are shown in Tables 3 and 4. Shutdown The devices include an optional shutdown feature to turn off the entire chip. The devices are placed in active mode by default once VCC is applied, due to the on-chip pullup resistor to VCC at the RFOUT bump (shared with the SHDN input). To shut down the part, apply a logiclow to the RFOUT bump through an external resistor with an adequate value, e.g., 25kI, in order not to load the RF output signal during active operation. 5 MAX2686/MAX2688 Bump Configuration MAX2686/MAX2688 GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers Table 1. MAX2686 Typical S Parameter Values and K-Factor FREQ. (MHz) S11 MAG (dB) S11 PHASE (DEGREES) S21 MAG (dB) S21 PHASE (DEGREES) S12 MAG (dB) S12 PHASE (DEGREES) S22 MAG (dB) S22 PHASE (DEGREES) Kf 1000 -2.9 -26.8 6.2 -109.0 -53.0 169.0 -1.4 -57.0 15.2 1100 -3.1 -27.2 7.9 -110.0 -53.0 163.0 -2.0 -64.0 17.4 1200 -3.4 -27.0 9.5 -113.0 -52.0 157.0 -2.9 -73.0 18.0 1300 -3.5 -28.0 12.8 -128.0 -58.0 -176.0 -7.0 -99.0 40.6 1400 -3.5 -28.3 12.8 -128.0 -56.0 -164.0 -7.0 -99.0 32.3 1500 -3.9 -29.0 13.9 -144.0 -49.0 -166.0 -14.1 -124.0 16.3 1575 -4.1 -27.0 14.1 -156.0 -47.0 164.0 -29.0 -113.0 13.5 1600 -4.1 -27.7 14.1 -160.0 -48.0 154.0 -21.2 68.0 15.0 1700 -4.0 -28.1 13.9 -174.0 -54.0 166.0 -9.0 42.0 26.4 1800 -4.2 -28.9 12.9 170.0 -49.0 -160.0 -5.3 26.4 13.6 1900 -4.4 -29.0 11.4 160.0 -47.3 -176.0 -3.3 13.9 10.2 2000 -4.5 -28.9 9.9 153.0 -46.5 170.0 -2.3 5.0 8.5 Table 2. MAX2688 Typical S Parameter Values and K-Factor FREQ. (MHz) S11 MAG (dB) S11 PHASE (DEGREES) S21 MAG (dB) S21 PHASE (DEGREES) S12 MAG (dB) S12 PHASE (DEGREES) S22 MAG (dB) S22 PHASE (DEGREES) Kf 1000 -3.2 -18.0 3.6 -116.0 -54.0 150.0 -1.3 -53.0 22.5 1100 -3.4 -17.5 5.2 -116.9 -55.0 147.0 -1.9 -60.6 29.9 1200 -3.6 -16.8 6.8 -119.0 -56.6 147.0 -2.7 -69.2 40.5 1300 -3.5 -17.2 8.6 -124.0 -63.0 -144.0 -4.2 -80.0 90.4 1400 -3.8 -18.0 10.1 -137.5 -49.8 -145.0 -7.7 -95.0 23.7 1500 -4.0 -16.5 10.7 -151.0 -47.3 174.0 -14.5 -107.7 19.7 1575 -4.1 -15.8 11.0 -161.5 -48.3 169.0 -35.0 151.0 22.4 1600 -4.1 -15.7 11.1 -164.9 -48.7 159.0 -23.4 74.9 23.1 1700 -4.1 -16.6 11.0 -179.0 -55.0 175.0 -9.7 50.0 43.1 1800 -4.2 -16.7 10.2 165.0 -48.0 -151.0 -5.2 34.0 16.5 1900 -4.4 -16.6 8.6 155.0 -46.0 -164.0 -3.2 21.0 11.9 2000 -4.5 -16.3 7.2 149.0 -45.6 -179.0 -2.3 12.0 10.6 Table 3. MAX2686 Typical Noise Parameters (VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25NC) 6 FREQUENCY (MHz) FMIN (dB) 0.63 |GOPT| 0.43 |GOPT| ANGLE 45.7 RN (I) 1550 1560 0.63 0.43 46.0 8.23 1570 0.63 0.42 46.3 8.22 1575 0.63 0.42 46.4 8.22 1580 0.63 0.42 46.5 8.21 1590 0.63 0.42 46.8 8.20 1600 0.64 0.42 47.1 8.19 8.25 GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers FREQUENCY (MHz) FMIN (dB) |GOPT| ANGLE 59.0 RN (I) 1550 0.73 |GOPT| 0.42 1560 0.74 0.42 59.4 8.31 1570 0.74 0.42 59.7 8.29 1575 0.74 0.42 59.9 8.28 1580 0.74 0.42 60.1 8.27 1590 0.74 0.41 60.5 8.25 1600 0.74 0.41 60.8 8.22 Applications Information A properly designed PCB is essential to any RF microwave circuit. Use controlled-impedance lines on all high-frequency inputs and outputs. Bypass VCC with decoupling capacitors located close to the device. For long VCC lines, it may be necessary to add decoupling capacitors. Locate these additional capacitors further away from the device package. Proper grounding of the GND pin is essential. If the PCB uses a topside RF ground, connect it directly to the GND pin. For a board where the ground is not on the component layer, connect the GND pin to the board with multiple vias close to the package. 8.34 Chip Information PROCESS: SiGe BiCMOS Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE OUTLINE NO. LAND PATTERN NO. 4 WLP W40A0+1 21-0480 — Refer to www.maxim-ic.com for the MAX2686 EV kit schematic, Gerber data, PADS layout file, and BOM information. 7 MAX2686/MAX2688 Table 4. MAX2688 Typical Noise Parameters (VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25NC) GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers MAX2686/MAX2688 Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 0 8/10 DESCRIPTION Initial release PAGES CHANGED — Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 8 © 2010 Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.