LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Features General Description ■ Output Current up to 1A The LM78XX series of three terminal positive regulators are available in the TO-220 package and with several fixed output voltages, making them useful in a wide range of applications. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shut down and safe operating area protection, making it essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 1A output current. Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents. ■ Output Voltages of 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24 ■ Thermal Overload Protection ■ Short Circuit Protection ■ Output Transistor Safe Operating Area Protection Ordering Information Product Number Output Voltage Tolerance Package Operating Temperature ±4% TO-220 -40°C to +125°C LM7805CT LM7806CT LM7808CT LM7809CT LM7810CT LM7812CT LM7815CT LM7818CT LM7824CT LM7805ACT ±2% 0°C to +125°C LM7806ACT LM7808ACT LM7809ACT LM7810ACT LM7812ACT LM7815ACT LM7818ACT LM7824ACT ©2006 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator May 2006 LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Block Diagram Input Series Pass Element 1 Current Generator Starting Circuit Output 3 SOA Protection Reference Voltage Error Amplifier Thermal Protection GND 2 Figure 1. Pin Assignment TO-220 GND 1. Input 2. GND 3. Output 1 Figure 2. Absolute Maximum Ratings Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. The datasheet specifications should be met, without exception, to ensure that the system design is reliable over its power supply, temperature, and output/input loading variables. Fairchild does not recommend operation outside datasheet specifications. Symbol VI Parameter Input Voltage Value Unit VO = 5V to 18V 35 V VO = 24V 40 V RθJC Thermal Resistance Junction-Cases (TO-220) 5 °C/W RθJA Thermal Resistance Junction-Air (TO-220) 65 °C/W TOPR Operating Temperature Range -40 to +125 °C TSTG LM78xx LM78xxA Storage Temperature Range -65 to +150 2 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 0 to +125 °C www.fairchildsemi.com Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 10V, CI = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit TJ = +25°C 4.8 5.0 5.2 V 5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 7V to 20V 4.75 5.0 5.25 VO = 7V to 25V – 4.0 100 VI = 8V to 12V – 1.6 50.0 IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 9.0 100 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 4.0 50.0 – 5.0 8.0 mA Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – 0.03 0.5 mA VI = 7V to 25V – 0.3 1.3 IO = 5mA – -0.8 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 42.0 – µV/VO 62.0 73.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 15.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 230 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A Output Voltage Line Regulation(1) Regload Load IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Regulation(1) Quiescent Current Output Voltage Drift(2) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(2) Dropout Voltage Resistance(2) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Current(2) Peak Conditions TJ = +25°C TJ = +25°C TJ = +25°C f = 120Hz, VO = 8V to 18V mV mV Notes: 1. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 2. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 3 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7805) Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 11V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Regload Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(3) Load Regulation(3) Conditions Min Typ. Max. Unit TJ = +25°C 5.75 6.0 6.25 V 5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 8.0V to 21V 5.7 6.0 6.3 VI = 8V to 25V – 5.0 120 VI = 9V to 13V – 1.5 60.0 IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 9.0 120 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 3.0 60.0 TJ = +25°C TJ = +25°C mV mV IQ Quiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.0 8.0 mA ∆IQ Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA VI = 8V to 25V – – 1.3 IO = 5mA – -0.8 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 45.0 – µV/VO 62.0 73.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 19.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Output Voltage Drift(4) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(4) Dropout Voltage Resistance(4) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Current(4) Peak f = 120Hz, VO = 8V to 18V Notes: 3. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 4. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 4 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7806) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 14V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(5) Regload Load IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Regulation(5) Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit TJ = +25°C 7.7 8.0 8.3 V 5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 10.5V to 23V 7.6 8.0 8.4 VI = 10.5V to 25V – 5.0 160 VI = 11.5V to 17V – 2.0 80.0 IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 10.0 160 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 80.0 TJ = +25°C TJ = +25°C mV mV Quiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.0 8.0 mA Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – 0.05 0.5 mA VI = 10.5V to 25V – 0.5 1.0 IO = 5mA – -0.8 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 52.0 – µV/VO f = 120Hz, VO = 11.5V to 21.5V 56.0 73.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 230 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A Output Voltage Drift(6) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(6) Dropout Voltage Resistance(6) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Current(6) Peak Notes: 5. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 6. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 5 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7808) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 15V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(7) Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit TJ = +25°C 8.65 9.0 9.35 V 5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 11.5V to 24V 8.6 9.0 9.4 – 6.0 180 – 2.0 90.0 – 12.0 180 – 4.0 90.0 – 5.0 8.0 mA – – 0.5 mA VI = 11.5V to 26V – – 1.3 IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 58.0 – µV/VO 56.0 71.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A TJ = +25°C VI = 11.5V to 25V VI = 12V to 17V Regload Load Regulation(7) TJ = +25°C IO = 5mA to 1.5A IO = 250mA to 750mA IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Quiescent Current TJ = +25°C Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A Output Voltage Drift(8) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(8) Dropout Voltage Resistance(8) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Current(8) Peak f = 120Hz, VO = 13V to 23V mV mV Notes: 7. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 8. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 6 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7809) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 16V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit TJ = +25°C 9.6 10.0 10.4 V 5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 12.5V to 25V 9.5 10.0 10.5 VI = 12.5V to 25V – 10.0 200 VI = 13V to 25V – 3.0 100 IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 200 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 4.0 400 – 5.1 8.0 mA – – 0.5 mA VI = 12.5V to 29V – – 1.0 Output Voltage Drift(10) IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C VN Output Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 58.0 – µV/VO RR Ripple Rejection(10) f = 120Hz, VO = 13V to 23V 56.0 71.0 – dB Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V rO Output Resistance(10) f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA IPK Peak Current(10) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A VO Regline Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(9) Regload Load Regulation(9) IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VDROP Quiescent Current Conditions TJ = +25°C TJ = +25°C TJ = +25°C Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A mV mV Notes: 9. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 10. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 7 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7810) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 19V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(11) Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit TJ = +25°C 11.5 12.0 12.5 V 5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 14.5V to 27V 11.4 12.0 12.6 – 10.0 240 – 3.0 120 – 11.0 240 – 5.0 120 – 5.1 8.0 mA – 0.1 0.5 mA VI = 14.5V to 30V – 0.5 1.0 IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 76.0 – µV/VO 55.0 71.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 18.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 230 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A TJ = +25°C VI = 14.5V to 30V VI = 16V to 22V Regload Load Regulation(11) TJ = +25°C IO = 5mA to 1.5A IO = 250mA to 750mA IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A Output Voltage Drift(12) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(12) Dropout Voltage Resistance(12) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK TJ = +25°C Peak Current(12) f = 120Hz, VI = 15V to 25V mV mV Notes: 11. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 12. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 8 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7812) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 23V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(13) Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit TJ = +25°C 14.4 15.0 15.6 V 5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 17.5V to 30V 14.25 15.0 15.75 – 11.0 300 – 3.0 150 – 12.0 300 – 4.0 150 – 5.2 8.0 mA – – 0.5 mA VI = 17.5V to 30V – – 1.0 IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 90.0 – µV/VO f = 120Hz, VI = 18.5V to 28.5V 54.0 70.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 19.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A TJ = +25°C VI = 17.5V to 30V VI = 20V to 26V Regload Load Regulation(13) TJ = +25°C IO = 5mA to 1.5A IO = 250mA to 750mA IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A Output Voltage Drift(14) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(14) Dropout Voltage Resistance(14) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK TJ = +25°C Peak Current(14) mV mV Notes: 13. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 14. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 9 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7815) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 27V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit TJ = +25°C 17.3 18.0 18.7 V 5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 21V to 33V 17.1 18.0 18.9 TJ = +25°C VI = 21V to 33V – 15.0 360 VI = 24V to 30V – 5.0 180 – 15.0 360 – 5.0 180 – 5.2 8.0 mA Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA VI = 21V to 33V – – 1.0 IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 110 – µV/VO 53.0 69.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 22.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A Output Voltage Line Regulation(15) Regload Load Regulation(15) Conditions TJ = +25°C IO = 5mA to 1.5A IO = 250mA to 750mA IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Quiescent Current Output Voltage Drift(16) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(16) Dropout Voltage Resistance(16) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Peak Current(16) TJ = +25°C f = 120Hz, VI = 22V to 32V mV mV Notes: 15. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 16. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 10 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7818) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. -40°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 500mA, VI = 33V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit TJ = +25°C 23.0 24.0 25.0 V 5mA ≤ IO ≤ 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 27V to 38V 22.8 24.0 25.25 VI = 27V to 38V – 17.0 480 VI = 30V to 36V – 6.0 240 IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 15.0 480 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 240 – 5.2 8.0 mA Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – 0.1 0.5 mA VI = 27V to 38V – 0.5 1.0 IO = 5mA – -1.5 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 60.0 – µV/VO 50.0 67.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 28.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 230 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A Output Voltage Line Regulation(17) Regload Load IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Regulation(17) Quiescent Current Output Voltage Drift(18) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(18) Dropout Voltage Resistance(18) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Peak Current(18) Conditions TJ = +25°C TJ = +25°C TJ = +25°C f = 120Hz, VI = 28V to 38V mV mV Notes: 17. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 18. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 11 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7824) (Continued) Symbol VO Regline Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(19) Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit TJ = +25°C 4.9 5.0 5.1 V IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 7.5V to 20V 4.8 5.0 5.2 VI = 7.5V to 25V, IO = 500mA – 5.0 50.0 VI = 8V to 12V – 3.0 50.0 VI = 7.3V to 20V – 5.0 50.0 VI = 8V to 12V – 1.5 25.0 TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 9.0 100 IO = 5mA to 1A – 9.0 100 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 4.0 50.0 TJ = +25°C Regload Load Regulation(19) mV mV IQ Quiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.0 6.0 mA ∆IQ Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA VI = 8V to 25V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8 VI = 7.5V to 20V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8 IO = 5mA – -0.8 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA, VI = 8V to 18V – 68.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Output Voltage Drift(20) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(20) Dropout Voltage Resistance(20) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Peak Current(20) Notes: 19. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 20. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 12 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7805A) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 10V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Regload IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(21) Load Regulation(21) Quiescent Current Min. Typ. Max. Unit TJ = +25°C 5.58 6.0 6.12 V IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 8.6V to 21V 5.76 6.0 6.24 VI = 8.6V to 25V, IO = 500mA – 5.0 60.0 VI = 9V to 13V – 3.0 60.0 TJ = +25°C VI = 8.3V to 21V – 5.0 60.0 VI = 9V to 13V – 1.5 30.0 TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 9.0 100 IO = 5mA to 1A – 9.0 100 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 50.0 TJ = +25°C – 4.3 6.0 mA – – 0.5 mA VI = 19V to 25V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8 VI = 8.5V to 21V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8 IO = 5mA – -0.8 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA, VI = 9V to 19V – 65.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A Output Voltage Drift(22) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(22) Dropout Voltage Resistance(22) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Conditions Peak Current(22) mV mV Notes: 21. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 22. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 13 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7806A) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 11V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Regload IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(23) Load Regulation(23) Quiescent Current Min. Typ. Max. Unit TJ = +25°C 7.84 8.0 8.16 V IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 10.6V to 23V 7.7 8.0 8.3 VI = 10.6V to 25V, IO = 500mA – 6.0 80.0 VI = 11V to 17V – 3.0 80.0 TJ = +25°C VI = 10.4V to 23V – 6.0 80.0 VI = 11V to 17V – 2.0 40.0 TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 100 IO = 5mA to 1A – 12.0 100 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 50.0 TJ = +25°C – 5.0 6.0 mA – – 0.5 mA VI = 11V to 25V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8 VI = 10.6V to 23V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8 IO = 5mA – -0.8 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA, VI = 11.5V to 21.5V – 62.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 18.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A Output Voltage Drift(24) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(24) Dropout Voltage Resistance(24) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Conditions Peak Current(24) mV mV Notes: 23. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 24. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 14 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7808A) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 14V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Units TJ = +25°C 8.82 9.0 9.16 V IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 11.2V to 24V 8.65 9.0 9.35 VI = 11.7V to 25V, IO = 500mA – 6.0 90.0 VI = 12.5V to 19V – 4.0 45.0 TJ = +25°C VI = 11.5V to 24V – 6.0 90.0 VI = 12.5V to 19V – 2.0 45.0 TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 100 IO = 5mA to 1A – 12.0 100 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 50.0 TJ = +25°C – 5.0 6.0 mA – – 0.5 mA VI = 12V to 25V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8 VI = 11.7V to 25V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8 Output Voltage Drift(26) IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C VN Output Noise Voltage f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO RR Ripple Rejection(26) f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA, VI = 12V to 22V – 62.0 – dB Dropout Voltage IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V rO Output Resistance(26) f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ ISC Short Circuit Current VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA IPK Peak Current(26) TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A VO Regline Regload IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VDROP Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(25) Load Regulation(25) Quiescent Current Conditions Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A mV mV Notes: 25. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 26. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 15 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7809A) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 15V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(27) Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units TJ = +25°C 9.8 10.0 10.2 V IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 12.8V to 25V 9.6 10.0 10.4 VI = 12.8V to 26V, IO = 500mA – 8.0 100 VI = 13V to 20V – 4.0 50.0 VI = 12.5V to 25V – 8.0 100 VI = 13V to 20V – 3.0 50.0 TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 100 IO = 5mA to 1A – 12.0 100 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 50.0 TJ = +25°C Regload Load Regulation(27) mV mV IQ Quiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.0 6.0 mA ∆IQ Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA VI = 12.8V to 25V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8 VI = 13V to 26V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.5 IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA, VI = 14V to 24V – 62.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 17.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Output Voltage Drift(28) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(28) Dropout Voltage Resistance(28) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Peak Current(28) Notes: 27. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 28. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 16 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7810A) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 16V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Regload IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(29) Load Regulation(29) Quiescent Current Min. Typ. Max. Units TJ = +25°C 11.75 12.0 12.25 V IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 14.8V to 27V 11.5 12.0 12.5 VI = 14.8V to 30V, IO = 500mA – 10.0 120 VI = 16V to 22V – 4.0 120 TJ = +25°C VI = 14.5V to 27V – 10.0 120 VI = 16V to 22V – 3.0 60.0 TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 100 IO = 5mA to 1A – 12.0 100 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 50.0 TJ = +25°C – 5.1 6.0 mA – – 0.5 mA VI = 14V to 27V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8 VI = 15V to 30V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8 IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA, VI = 14V to 24V – 60.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 18.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A Output Voltage Drift(30) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(30) Dropout Voltage Resistance(30) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Conditions Peak Current(30) mV mV Note: 29. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 30. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 17 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7812A) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 19V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Regload IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(31) Load Regulation(31) Quiescent Current Min. Typ. Max. Units TJ = +25°C 14.75 15.0 15.3 V IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 17.7V to 30V 14.4 15.0 15.6 VI = 17.4V to 30V, IO = 500mA – 10.0 150 VI = 20V to 26V – 5.0 150 TJ = +25°C VI = 17.5V to 30V – 11.0 150 VI = 20V to 26V – 3.0 75.0 TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 12.0 100 IO = 5mA to 1A – 12.0 100 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 5.0 50.0 TJ = +25°C – 5.2 6.0 mA – – 0.5 mA VI = 17.5V to 30V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8 VI = 17.5V to 30V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8 IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA, VI = 18.5V to 28.5V – 58.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 19.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A Output Voltage Drift(32) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(32) Dropout Voltage Resistance(32) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Conditions Peak Current(32) mV mV Notes: 31. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 32. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 18 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7815A) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 23V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Regload IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units TJ = +25°C 17.64 18.0 18.36 V IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 21V to 33V 17.3 18.0 18.7 VI = 21V to 33V, IO = 500mA – 15.0 180 VI = 21V to 33V – 5.0 180 TJ = +25°C VI = 20.6V to 33V – 15.0 180 VI = 24V to 30V – 5.0 90.0 TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 15.0 100 IO = 5mA to 1A – 15.0 100 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 7.0 50.0 Quiescent Current TJ = +25°C – 5.2 6.0 mA Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A – – 0.5 mA VI = 12V to 33V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8 VI = 12V to 33V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8 IO = 5mA – -1.0 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA, VI = 22V to 32V – 57.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 19.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A Output Voltage Line Regulation(33) Load Regulation(33) Output Voltage Drift(34) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(34) Dropout Voltage Resistance(34) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Peak Current(34) Conditions mV mV Notes: 33. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 34. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 19 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7818A) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 27V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VO Regline Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation(35) Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units TJ = +25°C 23.5 24.0 24.5 V IO = 5mA to 1A, PO ≤ 15W, VI = 27.3V to 38V 23.0 24.0 25.0 VI = 27V to 38V, IO = 500mA – 18.0 240 VI = 21V to 33V – 6.0 240 VI = 26.7V to 38V – 18.0 240 VI = 30V to 36V – 6.0 120 TJ = +25°C, IO = 5mA to 1.5A – 15.0 100 IO = 5mA to 1A – 15.0 100 IO = 250mA to 750mA – 7.0 50.0 TJ = +25°C – 5.2 6.0 mA – – 0.5 mA VI = 27.3V to 38V, IO = 500mA – – 0.8 VI = 27.3V to 38V, TJ = +25°C – – 0.8 IO = 5mA – -1.5 – mV/°C f = 10Hz to 100kHz, TA = +25°C – 10.0 – µV/VO f = 120Hz, IO = 500mA, VI = 28V to 38V – 54.0 – dB IO = 1A, TJ = +25°C – 2.0 – V f = 1kHz – 20.0 – mΩ VI = 35V, TA = +25°C – 250 – mA TJ = +25°C – 2.2 – A TJ = +25°C Regload IQ ∆IQ ∆VO/∆T VN RR VDROP Load Regulation(35) Quiescent Current Quiescent Current Change IO = 5mA to 1A Output Voltage Drift(36) Output Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection(36) Dropout Voltage Resistance(36) rO Output ISC Short Circuit Current IPK Peak Current(36) mV mV Notes: 35. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty is used. 36. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in production. 20 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics (LM7824A) (Continued) Refer to the test circuits. 0°C < TJ < 125°C, IO = 1A, VI = 33V, CI = 0.33µF, CO = 0.1µF, unless otherwise specified. 3 VI = 10V VO = 5V IO = 5mA 5.75 TJ = 25°C ∆VO = 100mV 2.5 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) 6 5.5 5.25 5 4.75 2 1.5 1 .5 4.5 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 0 125 0 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) NORMALIZED OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 7 1.01 1 0.99 -25 0 25 50 75 100 20 25 30 35 TJ = 25°C VO = 5V IO = 10mA 6.5 6 5.5 5 4.5 4 125 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Figure 5. Output Voltage Figure 6. Quiescent Current 21 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 15 Figure 4. Peak Output Current VI – VO = 5V IO = 5mA 0.98 -50 10 INPUT-OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL (V) Figure 3. Quiescent Current 1.02 5 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Typical Performance Characteristics 1 Input Output CO 2 CI 3 LM78XX 0.1µF 0.33µF Figure 7. DC Parameters 1 3 LM78XX Input Output 2 270pF RL VO 2N6121 or EQ 0.33µF 0V VO 30µS 100Ω Figure 8. Load Regulation 5.1Ω 1 LM78XX Input 3 Output 0.33µF 2 RL 470µF 120Hz + Figure 9. Ripple Rejection 22 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Typical Applications LM78XX Input CI 3 Output CO 2 LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator 1 0.1µF 0.33µF Figure 10. Fixed Output Regulator 1 Input CI 3 LM78XX Output CO 2 0.33µF V XX 0.1µF R1 IQ IO RL V XX IO = + R1 IQ Notes: 1. To specify an output voltage, substitute voltage value for “XX.” A common ground is required between the input and the output voltage. The input voltage must remain typically 2.0V above the output voltage even during the low point on the input ripple voltage. 2. CI is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter. 3. CO improves stability and transient response. Figure 11. 1 Input CI LM78XX CO 2 0.33µF Output 3 0.1µF V XX R1 IQ R2 IRI ≥ 5 IQ VO = VXX(1 + R2 / R1) + IQR2 Figure 12. Circuit for Increasing Output Voltage 23 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 1 LM7805 Output 3 2 CI 0.33µF CO - 2 LM741 + 3 4 6 10kΩ 0.1µF IRI ≥ 5 IQ VO = VXX(1 + R2 / R1) + IQR2 Figure 13. Adjustable Output Regulator (7V to 30V) Q1 BD536 Input IQ1 R1 1 3Ω R1 = LM78XX IO IREG V BEQ1 Output 3 2 0.1µF 0.33µF IREG–IQ1 BQ1 IO = IREG + BQ1 (IREG–VBEQ1/R1) Figure 14. High Current Voltage Regulator Input Q1 RSC Q2 R1 1 LM78XX 3 Output 3Ω 0.33µF Q1 = TIP42 Q2 = TIP42 RSC = 2 0.1µF V BEQ2 I SC Figure 15. High Output Current with Short Circuit Protection 24 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Input 3 LM78XX VI VO 2 0.33µF 0.1µF 7 COMMON 6 COMMON 2 LM741 4 -VIN _ 4.7kΩ + 3 4.7kΩ -VO TIP42 Figure 16. Tracking Voltage Regulator 1 LM7815 3 +20V +15V 0.33µF + 2 0.1µF 1N4001 2.2µF 1µF + 1 2 -20V 1N4001 MC7915 3 -15V Figure 17. Split Power Supply (±15V – 1A) 25 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator 1 Input + 0.1µF 2 1 3 LM78XX Figure 18. Negative Output Voltage Circuit D45H11 Input 1mH Output 470Ω 4.7Ω Z1 1 + 0.33µF LM78XX 3 2 10µF + 0.5Ω 2000µF Figure 19. Switching Regulator 26 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Output Dimensions in millimeters TO-220 4.50 ±0.20 2.80 ±0.10 (3.00) +0.10 1.30 –0.05 18.95MAX. (3.70) ø3.60 ±0.10 15.90 ±0.20 1.30 ±0.10 (8.70) (1.46) 9.20 ±0.20 (1.70) 9.90 ±0.20 10.08 ±0.30 (1.00) 13.08 ±0.20 ) (45° 1.27 ±0.10 1.52 ±0.10 0.80 ±0.10 2.54TYP [2.54 ±0.20] +0.10 0.50 –0.05 2.40 ±0.20 2.54TYP [2.54 ±0.20] 10.00 ±0.20 27 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Mechanical Dimensions The following are registered and unregistered trademarks Fairchild Semiconductor owns or is authorized to use and is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all such trademarks. ACEx™ FAST® FASTr™ ActiveArray™ FPS™ Bottomless™ FRFET™ Build it Now™ GlobalOptoisolator™ CoolFET™ GTO™ CROSSVOLT™ HiSeC™ DOME™ I2C™ EcoSPARK™ i-Lo™ E2CMOS™ ImpliedDisconnect™ EnSigna™ IntelliMAX™ FACT™ FACT Quiet Series™ Across the board. Around the world.™ The Power Franchise® Programmable Active Droop™ ISOPLANAR™ LittleFET™ MICROCOUPLER™ MicroFET™ MicroPak™ MICROWIRE™ MSX™ MSXPro™ OCX™ OCXPro™ OPTOLOGIC® OPTOPLANAR™ PACMAN™ POP™ Power247™ PowerEdge™ PowerSaver™ PowerTrench® QFET® QS™ QT Optoelectronics™ Quiet Series™ RapidConfigure™ RapidConnect™ µSerDes™ ScalarPump™ SILENT SWITCHER® SMART START™ SPM™ Stealth™ SuperFET™ SuperSOT™-3 SuperSOT™-6 SuperSOT™-8 SyncFET™ TCM™ TinyLogic® TINYOPTO™ TruTranslation™ UHC™ UniFET™ UltraFET® VCX™ Wire™ DISCLAIMER FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO ANY PRODUCTS HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN; NEITHER DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS. THESE SPECIFICATIONS DO NOT EXPAND THE TERMS OF FAIRCHILDíS WORLDWIDE TERMS AND CONDITIONS, SPECIFICALLY THE WARRANTY THEREIN, WHICH COVERS THESE PRODUCTS. LIFE SUPPORT POLICY FAIRCHILDíS PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, or (c) whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user. 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. PRODUCT STATUS DEFINITIONS Definition of Terms Datasheet Identification Product Status Definition Advance Information Formative or In Design This datasheet contains the design specifications for product development. Specifications may change in any manner without notice. Preliminary First Production This datasheet contains preliminary data, and supplementary data will be published at a later date. Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design. No Identification Needed Full Production This datasheet contains final specifications. Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design. Obsolete Not In Production This datasheet contains specifications on a product that has been discontinued by Fairchild semiconductor. The datasheet is printed for reference information only. Rev. I19 28 LM78XX/LM78XXA Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com LM78XX/LM78XXA 3-Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator TRADEMARKS