Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar 2003 Nov 27 16 1 10 1 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar • E8267C • Matlab • Signal Studio • HDD 16 1 10 (Baseband Studio ) 2 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Agilent E8267C PSG Vector Signal Generator • 250KHz - 20GHz • • +18dBm • • AM/FM/PM • 80MHz • I/Q - 1GHz 16 1 10 Analog IQ ( ) 3 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Complex radar signal generation PC Controller I/Q LAN or GPIB Bus • I/Q • 32Msample • • HDD • 16 1 10 6GB I Q PSG • • • • Create a library of pulse patterns and quickly retrieve for playback 4 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Generate a Simple Pulse sampclk = 100e6; % ARB Sample Clock for playback n=10; ramp=-1:2/n:1-2/n; rise=(1+sin(ramp*pi/2))/2; on=oneon=ones(1,10); fall=(1+sin(-ramp*pi/2))/2; off=zeros(1,70); % number of pts in the rise & fall time % ramp from -1 to almost +1 over n pts % raised cos rise-time shape % on-time characteristics % raised cos fall-time shape % defines the off-time characteristics % build the pulse envelop i=[rise on fall off]; % plot the i-samples and scale the plot plot(i) axis ([0 length(i) -2 2]) % set the q-samples to all zeroes q=zeros(1,length(i)); IQData=[i + (j * q)]; 16 1 10 5 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Simple Pulse (Pulse.m) 16 1 10 6 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Creating a Barker Coded Pulse • Create a sequence of waveforms that provide all possible transitions • Concatenate the waveforms to produce the 7-bit binary phase code neg_pos=(1+sin(ramp*pi/2))-1; pos_neg=(1+sin(-ramp*pi/2))-1; pos_pos=ones(1,4); neg_neg=-ones(1,4); pos=ones(1,13); neg=-ones(1,13); Note: Complete source code listing at www.agilent.com/find/psg pm=(pi/2)*[0 0 0 ... [rise pos]... [pos_pos pos]... [pos_pos pos]... [pos_neg neg]... [neg_neg neg]... [neg_pos pos]... [pos_neg neg]... %Bit %Bit %Bit %Bit %Bit %Bit %Bit 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 high high high low low high low rise-1 0 0 off]; i=.707*am.* cos(pm); q=.707*am.* sin(pm); 16 1 10 7 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Pulse with Barker Code (Barker.m) 16 1 10 8 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Adding Non-Linear element to FM Chirp • Create an array that contains the Linear FM Chirp and add sine wave to produce non-linear chirp • Integrate the FM waveform to produce a PM waveform • Convert the AM/PM into I and Q chirp_dev = 10e6; % defines the total chirp deviation in Hz % create some non-linear distortion to add to the chirp nonlinear=.2*sin((pi)*(-1:2/(length(on)-1):1)); % add the nonlinearity to the chirp and concatenate the sections fm=(chirp_dev/2)*([-ones(1,n) nonlinear+(-1:2/(length(on)-1):1) ones(1,n) ones(1,length(off))]); Note: Complete source code listing at www.agilent.com/find/psg % use an integral to translate from fm to pm pm=(2*pi/sampclk)*cumsum(fm); % convert am and pm to i and q and scale amplitude i =.707*am.* cos(pm); q=.707*am.* sin(pm); 16 1 10 9 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Pulse with Non-Linear FM Chirp (NLFM_Chirp.m) 16 1 10 10 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar PSG/ESG Download Assistant Direct download from MATLAB® to signal generator ³ Download data ³ Play waveforms ³ Set sample rate ³ Add markers ³ Control PSG using SCPI LAN/GPIB ³ All from the MATLAB® command line FREE software 16 1 10 11 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Signal Studio for pulse building software • • • • SA • • *1 • IQ • RF • COM-based API Windows LAN/GPIB Bus Pulse Building PSG (ESG) • • • • PSA or ESA 16 1 10 12 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Signal Studio for pulse building software • • • • • *1 • • 16 1 10 (Trapezoidal) *1 I/Q*1 • Rise/fall time • • Uniform/Gaussian • FM • (13bit • BPSK/QPSK/AM ) /FM 13 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Signal Studio for pulse building software • • 16 1 10 14 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Signal Studio for pulse building software • COM-based API Windows • • 16 1 10 • Visual Basic • LabView • C programming environments • Excel • Etc. HELP 15 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar What is Deep Memory Waveform Generation? • ( I/Q ) • • • (= ) • ( : MATLAB® ) t=0 Time Æ 16 1 10 16 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Deep memory applications • • – – – 1980 4 16 10 1 10 17 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Radar Return Signal Simulation Coherent pulse train • • • ( ) ¾ ¾ ¾ 16 1 10 18 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Eliminate baseband generator memory restrictions by streaming I/Q waveforms directly from PC hard drive! PC E4438C ESG Analog I/Q DUT RF Digital Bus E8267C PSG Analog I/Q RAID Ultra SCSI DUT PCI 16 1 10 RF 19 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Why? • • • DUT Solution Target applications Baseband Studio for waveform streaming Digital Bus E4438C ESG Analog I/Q E8267C PSG RF Analog I/Q DUT DUT • • • • • EW LAN RF 16 1 10 20 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar ADS MATLAB C++ I/Q (PC HDD ESG/PSG ) • • HDD • 40 MSa/s & 32 MHz RF BW Baseband Studio for waveform streaming (HDD PC ) • 25 ns • • 1 ,N • E4438C ESG E8267C PSG Analog I/Q 1 10 DUT Analog I/Q RF 16 Start/Stop • RF Digital Bus , DUT • 16-bit I/Q • 15-bit I/Q w/ 2 • 14-bit I/Q w/ 4 • HW SW • Microsoft .NET API 21 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Step 1 Step 2 PC Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 E8267C PSG/ E4438C ESG Analog I/Q Digital Bus DUT RF 16 1 10 22 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar Marker/trigger Features • 0, 2, 4 SW • • RF • 2 HW markers 1 HW Trigger IN E4438C ESG Digital Bus E8267C PSG Baseband Studio for waveform streaming 16 1 10 Up to 4 SW markers Analog I/Q RF DUT • • HW • ALC ALT 1/fs 1000 samples : HW Ready, Underflow, : Start Stream Up to 4 markers Analog I/Q DUT RF 23 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar (1) Generic IDE Controller Bus Bridge CPU Pentium 4 ≥ 2 GHz Frontside Bus 400 MHz Slow rate waveform streaming IDE Bus Single Ultra ATA HDD 7.2K RPM Win2K (SP3) OS + Data Memory Controller Streaming rate • Up to 5 MSa/s 512 MB RAM (PC2100) Bus Bridge PCI Hub PCI Bus 0: 32bit / 33MHz Baseband Studio PCI card (N5101A) Digital Bus Important PC Characteristics • Processor & clock speed • Front side bus speed 16 1 10 E4438C ESG or E8267C PSG Vector Signal Generator • Hard Disk • Memory size & speed 24 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar (2) Generic IDE Controller Bus Bridge CPU Pentium 4 ≥ 3 GHz IDE Bus 2 GB RAM (PC2700) • Processor & clock speed • Front side bus speed 15K RPM PCI Bus 0: 32bit / 33MHz PCI Bus 1: 64bit / 66MHz 10 For a desired streaming rate of up to 40MSa/s… Single Ultra ATA HDD Win2K (SP3) OS Ultra-320 SCSI PCI-X Bus: RAID 64bit / 133MHz Controller PCI Hub 1 7.2K RPM Memory Controller Frontside Bus 533 MHz Bus Bridge 16 Fastest rate waveform streaming Ultra-320 SCSI HDD Array RAID 0 Configured For Data Vector Signal Generator Baseband Studio PCI card (N5101A) Digital Bus Important PC Characteristics • Memory size & speed • PCI bus configuration • HDD Controller • Hard Disks & configuration 25 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar RF IQ (89600 VSA ) Digital Bus HDD Streaming from PC to PSG/ESG 16 1 10 DUT 26 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar VSA 89600 50sec <10sec 5MHz BW 16 1 10 36MHz BW 27 Radar and Microwave Solution Seminar • – – – – • – PSG – MATLAB I/Q – Signal Studio for pulse building – VSA – Baseband Studio Thank You !!! 16 1 10 28