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H8/3814 Series H8/3814 HD6433814, HD6433814S H8/3813 HD6433813, HD6433813S H8/3812 HD6433812, HD6433812S Hardware Manual The revision list can be viewed directly by clicking the title page. The revision list summarizes the locations of revisions and additions. Details should always be checked by referring to the relevant text. Preface The H8/300L Series of single-chip microcomputers has the high-speed H8/300L CPU at its core, with many necessary peripheral functions on-chip. The H8/300L CPU instruction set is compatible with the H8/300 CPU. The H8/3814 Series has a system-on-a-chip architecture that includes such peripheral functions as an LCD controller/driver, three types of timers, a two-channel serial communication interface, and an A/D converter. This makes it ideal for use in systems requiring an LCD display. This manual describes the hardware of the H8/3814 Series. For details on the H8/3814 Series instruction set, refer to the H8/300L Series Programming Manual. Revised Sections and Contents Page Section Revision Contents 4 Table 1-1 Product Lineup H8/3814S, H8/3813S, H8/3812S products added 314 13.3 H8/3814S, H8/3813S, H8/3812S Absolute Maximum Ratings Addition 315 13.4 H8/3814S, H8/3813S, H8/3812S Electrical Characteristics Addition 340 13.7 H8/3814S, H8/3813S, H8/3812S Absolute Maximum Ratings (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) Addition 341 13.8 H8/3814S, H8/3813S, H8/3812S Electrical Characteristics (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) Addition 438 Appendix E List of Product Codes Addition 442 Appendix F Figure F-3 TFP-100B Package Dimensions Addition Contents Section 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 Overview.......................................................................................................... Overview......................................................................................................................... Internal Block Diagram .................................................................................................. Pin Arrangement and Functions ..................................................................................... 1.3.1 Pin Arrangement................................................................................................. 1.3.2 Pin Functions ...................................................................................................... Section 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 1 1 6 7 7 9 CPU ................................................................................................................... 15 Overview......................................................................................................................... 2.1.1 Features............................................................................................................... 2.1.2 Address Space..................................................................................................... 2.1.3 Register Configuration........................................................................................ Register Descriptions...................................................................................................... 2.2.1 General Registers................................................................................................ 2.2.2 Control Registers ................................................................................................ 2.2.3 Initial Register Values......................................................................................... Data Formats................................................................................................................... 2.3.1 Data Formats in General Registers ..................................................................... 2.3.2 Memory Data Formats ........................................................................................ Addressing Modes .......................................................................................................... 2.4.1 Addressing Modes .............................................................................................. 2.4.2 Effective Address Calculation ............................................................................ Instruction Set................................................................................................................. 2.5.1 Data Transfer Instructions .................................................................................. 2.5.2 Arithmetic Operations ........................................................................................ 2.5.3 Logic Operations ................................................................................................ 2.5.4 Shift Operations .................................................................................................. 2.5.5 Bit Manipulations ............................................................................................... 2.5.6 Branching Instructions........................................................................................ 2.5.7 System Control Instructions ............................................................................... 2.5.8 Block Data Transfer Instruction ......................................................................... Basic Operational Timing............................................................................................... 2.6.1 Access to On-Chip Memory (RAM, ROM) ....................................................... 2.6.2 Access to On-Chip Peripheral Modules ............................................................. CPU States ...................................................................................................................... 2.7.1 Overview............................................................................................................. 2.7.2 Program Execution State ................................................................................... 2.7.3 Program Halt State.............................................................................................. 2.7.4 Exception-Handling State................................................................................... 15 15 16 16 17 17 17 19 19 20 21 22 22 24 28 30 32 33 33 35 39 41 42 44 44 45 47 47 48 48 48 2.8 2.9 Memory Map .................................................................................................................. 2.8.1 Memory Map ...................................................................................................... 2.8.2 LCD RAM Address Relocation.......................................................................... Application Notes ........................................................................................................... 2.9.1 Notes on Data Access ......................................................................................... 2.9.2 Notes on Bit Manipulation.................................................................................. 2.9.3 Notes on Use of the EEPMOV Instruction ......................................................... Section 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Exception Handling ...................................................................................... Overview......................................................................................................................... Reset ............................................................................................................................ 3.2.1 Overview............................................................................................................. 3.2.2 Reset Sequence ................................................................................................... 3.2.3 Interrupt Immediately after Reset....................................................................... Interrupts......................................................................................................................... 3.3.1 Overview............................................................................................................. 3.3.2 Interrupt Control Registers ................................................................................. 3.3.3 External Interrupts .............................................................................................. 3.3.4 Internal Interrupts ............................................................................................... 3.3.5 Interrupt Operations............................................................................................ 3.3.6 Interrupt Response Time..................................................................................... Application Notes ........................................................................................................... 3.4.1 Notes on Stack Area Use .................................................................................... 3.4.2 Notes on Rewriting Port Mode Registers ........................................................... Section 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 5.1 5.2 5.3 61 61 61 61 61 63 64 64 66 74 75 76 81 82 82 83 Clock Pulse Generators ............................................................................... 85 Overview......................................................................................................................... 4.1.1 Block Diagram.................................................................................................... 4.1.2 System Clock and Subclock ............................................................................... System Clock Generator ................................................................................................. Subclock Generator ........................................................................................................ Prescalers ........................................................................................................................ Note on Oscillators ......................................................................................................... Section 5 49 49 50 51 51 53 59 85 85 85 86 89 92 93 Power-Down Modes ..................................................................................... 95 Overview......................................................................................................................... 95 5.1.1 System Control Registers ................................................................................... 98 Sleep Mode ..................................................................................................................... 101 5.2.1 Transition to Sleep Mode.................................................................................... 101 5.2.2 Clearing Sleep Mode .......................................................................................... 101 Standby Mode................................................................................................................. 102 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.3.1 Transition to Standby Mode ............................................................................... 102 5.3.2 Clearing Standby Mode ...................................................................................... 102 5.3.3 Oscillator Settling Time after Standby Mode is Cleared .................................... 102 5.3.4 Transition to Standby Mode and Port Pin States ................................................ 103 Watch Mode.................................................................................................................... 104 5.4.1 Transition to Watch Mode .................................................................................. 104 5.4.2 Clearing Watch Mode ......................................................................................... 104 5.4.3 Oscillator Settling Time after Watch Mode is Cleared ....................................... 104 Subsleep Mode................................................................................................................ 105 5.5.1 Transition to Subsleep Mode .............................................................................. 105 5.5.2 Clearing Subsleep Mode..................................................................................... 105 Subactive Mode .............................................................................................................. 106 5.6.1 Transition to Subactive Mode ............................................................................. 106 5.6.2 Clearing Subactive Mode.................................................................................... 106 5.6.3 Operating Frequency in Subactive Mode ........................................................... 106 Active (medium-speed) Mode ........................................................................................ 107 5.7.1 Transition to Active (medium-speed) Mode....................................................... 107 5.7.2 Clearing Active (medium-speed) Mode ............................................................. 107 5.7.3 Operating Frequency in Active (medium-speed) Mode ..................................... 107 Direct Transfer................................................................................................................ 108 5.8.1 Direct Transfer Overview ................................................................................... 108 5.8.2 Calculation of Direct Transfer Time before Transition ...................................... 109 Section 6 6.1 ROM.................................................................................................................. 113 Overview......................................................................................................................... 113 6.1.1 Block Diagram.................................................................................................... 113 Section 7 7.1 RAM ................................................................................................................. 115 Overview......................................................................................................................... 115 7.1.1 Block Diagram.................................................................................................... 115 Section 8 I/O Ports ........................................................................................................... 117 8.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 117 8.2 Port 1 ............................................................................................................................ 119 8.2.1 Overview............................................................................................................. 119 8.2.2 Register Configuration and Description ............................................................. 119 8.2.3 Pin Functions ...................................................................................................... 123 8.2.4 Pin States ............................................................................................................ 125 8.2.5 MOS Input Pull-Up............................................................................................. 125 8.3 Port 2 ............................................................................................................................ 126 8.3.1 Overview............................................................................................................. 126 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 8.10 8.3.2 8.3.3 8.3.4 Port 3 8.4.1 8.4.2 8.4.3 8.4.4 8.4.5 Port 4 8.5.1 8.5.2 8.5.3 8.5.4 Port 5 8.6.1 8.6.2 8.6.3 8.6.4 8.6.5 Port 6 8.7.1 8.7.2 8.7.3 8.7.4 8.7.5 Port 7 8.8.1 8.8.2 8.8.3 8.8.4 Port 8 8.9.1 8.9.2 8.9.3 8.9.4 Port 9 8.10.1 8.10.2 8.10.3 8.10.4 Register Configuration and Description ............................................................. 126 Pin Functions ...................................................................................................... 130 Pin States ............................................................................................................ 130 ............................................................................................................................ 131 Overview............................................................................................................. 131 Register Configuration and Description ............................................................. 131 Pin Functions ...................................................................................................... 134 Pin States ............................................................................................................ 135 MOS Input Pull-Up............................................................................................. 135 ............................................................................................................................ 136 Overview............................................................................................................. 136 Register Configuration and Description ............................................................. 136 Pin Functions ...................................................................................................... 138 Pin States ............................................................................................................ 139 ............................................................................................................................ 140 Overview............................................................................................................. 140 Register Configuration and Description ............................................................. 140 Pin Functions ...................................................................................................... 143 Pin States ............................................................................................................ 144 MOS Input Pull-Up............................................................................................. 144 ............................................................................................................................ 145 Overview............................................................................................................. 145 Register Configuration and Description ............................................................. 145 Pin Functions ...................................................................................................... 147 Pin States ............................................................................................................ 147 MOS Input Pull-Up............................................................................................. 148 ............................................................................................................................ 149 Overview............................................................................................................. 149 Register Configuration and Description ............................................................. 149 Pin Functions ...................................................................................................... 151 Pin States ............................................................................................................ 151 ............................................................................................................................ 152 Overview............................................................................................................. 152 Register Configuration and Description ............................................................. 152 Pin Functions ...................................................................................................... 154 Pin States ............................................................................................................ 154 ............................................................................................................................ 155 Overview............................................................................................................. 155 Register Configuration and Description ............................................................. 155 Pin Functions ...................................................................................................... 157 Pin States ............................................................................................................ 158 8.11 8.12 8.13 Port A 8.11.1 8.11.2 8.11.3 8.11.4 Port B 8.12.1 8.12.2 Port C 8.13.1 8.13.2 ............................................................................................................................ 159 Overview............................................................................................................. 159 Register Configuration and Description ............................................................. 159 Pin Functions ...................................................................................................... 161 Pin States ............................................................................................................ 162 ............................................................................................................................ 163 Overview............................................................................................................. 163 Register Configuration and Description ............................................................. 163 ............................................................................................................................ 164 Overview............................................................................................................. 164 Register Configuration and Description ............................................................. 164 Section 9 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Timers ............................................................................................................... 165 Overview......................................................................................................................... 165 Timer A........................................................................................................................... 166 9.2.1 Overview............................................................................................................. 166 9.2.2 Register Descriptions.......................................................................................... 168 9.2.3 Timer Operation.................................................................................................. 170 9.2.4 Timer A Operation States ................................................................................... 171 Timer F ........................................................................................................................... 172 9.3.1 Overview............................................................................................................. 172 9.3.2 Register Descriptions.......................................................................................... 174 9.3.3 Interface with the CPU ....................................................................................... 181 9.3.4 Timer Operation.................................................................................................. 185 9.3.5 Application Notes ............................................................................................... 188 Timer G........................................................................................................................... 190 9.4.1 Overview............................................................................................................. 190 9.4.2 Register Descriptions.......................................................................................... 192 9.4.3 Noise Canceller Circuit....................................................................................... 196 9.4.4 Timer Operation.................................................................................................. 197 9.4.5 Application Notes ............................................................................................... 201 9.4.6 Sample Timer G Application.............................................................................. 205 Section 10 10.1 10.2 Serial Communication Interface ............................................................. 207 Overview......................................................................................................................... 207 SCI1 ................................................................................................................................ 208 10.2.1 Overview........................................................................................................... 208 10.2.2 Register Descriptions........................................................................................ 210 10.2.3 Operation .......................................................................................................... 215 10.2.4 Interrupts........................................................................................................... 219 10.2.5 Application Notes ............................................................................................. 219 10.3 SCI3 ................................................................................................................................ 220 10.3.1 Overview........................................................................................................... 220 10.3.2 Register Descriptions........................................................................................ 223 10.3.3 Operation .......................................................................................................... 241 10.3.4 Operation in Asynchronous Mode.................................................................... 245 10.3.5 Operation in Synchronous Mode ...................................................................... 253 10.3.6 Multiprocessor Communication Function ........................................................ 260 10.3.7 Interrupts........................................................................................................... 266 10.3.8 Application Notes ............................................................................................. 267 Section 11 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 A/D Converter .............................................................................................. 273 Overview......................................................................................................................... 273 11.1.1 Features............................................................................................................. 273 11.1.2 Block Diagram.................................................................................................. 273 11.1.3 Pin Configuration.............................................................................................. 274 11.1.4 Register Configuration...................................................................................... 274 Register Descriptions...................................................................................................... 275 11.2.1 A/D Result Register (ADRR) ........................................................................... 275 11.2.2 A/D Mode Register (AMR) .............................................................................. 275 11.2.3 A/D Start Register (ADSR) .............................................................................. 277 Operation ........................................................................................................................ 278 11.3.1 A/D Conversion Operation ............................................................................... 278 11.3.2 Start of A/D Conversion by External Trigger Input ......................................... 278 Interrupts......................................................................................................................... 279 Typical Use ..................................................................................................................... 279 Application Notes ........................................................................................................... 282 Section 12 12.1 12.2 12.3 LCD Controller/Driver .............................................................................. 283 Overview......................................................................................................................... 283 12.1.1 Features............................................................................................................. 283 12.1.2 Block Diagram.................................................................................................. 284 12.1.3 Pin Configuration.............................................................................................. 285 12.1.4 Register Configuration...................................................................................... 285 Register Descriptions...................................................................................................... 286 12.2.1 LCD Port Control Register (LPCR) ................................................................. 286 12.2.2 LCD Control Register (LCR) ........................................................................... 288 Operation ........................................................................................................................ 290 12.3.1 Settings Prior to LCD Display.......................................................................... 290 12.3.2 Relation of LCD RAM to Display.................................................................... 291 12.3.3 Connection to HD66100 ................................................................................... 292 12.3.4 Operation in Power-Down Modes .................................................................... 299 12.3.5 Boosting the LCD Driver Power Supply .......................................................... 300 Section 13 H8/3814 Series Electrical Characteristics ........................................... 301 H8/3814, H8/3813, H8/3812 Absolute Maximum Ratings ............................................ 301 H8/3814, H8/3813, H8/3812 Electrical Characteristics ................................................. 302 13.2.1 Power Supply Voltage and Operating Range.................................................... 302 13.2.2 DC Characteristics ............................................................................................ 304 13.2.3 AC Characteristics ............................................................................................ 309 13.2.4 A/D Converter Characteristics.......................................................................... 312 13.2.5 LCD Characteristics.......................................................................................... 313 13.3 H8/3814S, H8/3813S, H8/3812S Absolute Maximum Ratings ..................................... 314 13.4 H8/3814S, H8/3813S, H8/3812S Electrical Characteristics........................................... 315 13.4.1 Power Supply Voltage and Operating Range.................................................... 315 13.4.2 DC Characteristics ............................................................................................ 317 13.4.3 AC Characteristics ............................................................................................ 322 13.4.4 A/D Converter Characteristics.......................................................................... 325 13.4.5 LCD Characteristics.......................................................................................... 326 13.5 H8/3814, H8/3813, H8/3812 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) ................................................................. 327 13.6 H8/3814, H8/3813, H8/3812 Electrical Characteristics (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) ................................................................. 328 13.6.1 Power Supply Voltage and Operating Range.................................................... 328 13.6.2 DC Characteristics ............................................................................................ 330 13.6.3 AC Characteristics ............................................................................................ 335 13.6.4 A/D Converter Characteristics.......................................................................... 338 13.6.5 LCD Characteristics.......................................................................................... 339 13.7 H8/3814S, H8/3813S, H8/3812S Absolute Maximum Ratings (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) ................................................................. 340 13.8 H8/3814S, H8/3813S, H8/3812S Electrical Characteristics (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) ................................................................. 341 13.8.1 Power Supply Voltage and Operating Range.................................................... 341 13.8.2 DC Characteristics ............................................................................................ 343 13.8.3 AC Characteristics ............................................................................................ 348 13.8.4 A/D Converter Characteristics.......................................................................... 351 13.8.5 LCD Characteristics.......................................................................................... 352 13.9 Operation Timing............................................................................................................ 353 13.10 Output Load Circuit........................................................................................................ 357 13.1 13.2 Appendix A CPU Instruction Set.................................................................................. 359 A.1 A.2 Instructions ..................................................................................................................... 359 Operation Code Map....................................................................................................... 367 A.3 Number of Execution States ........................................................................................... 369 Appendix B On-Chip Registers..................................................................................... 376 B.1 B.2 I/O Registers (1) ............................................................................................................. 376 I/O Registers (2) ............................................................................................................. 379 Appendix C I/O Port Block Diagrams ........................................................................ 416 C.1 C.2 C.3 C.4 C.5 C.6 C.7 C.8 C.9 C.10 C.11 C.12 Schematic Diagram of Port 1.......................................................................................... Schematic Diagram of Port 2.......................................................................................... Schematic Diagram of Port 3.......................................................................................... Schematic Diagram of Port 4.......................................................................................... Schematic Diagram of Port 5.......................................................................................... Schematic Diagram of Port 6.......................................................................................... Schematic Diagram of Port 7.......................................................................................... Schematic Diagram of Port 8.......................................................................................... Schematic Diagram of Port 9.......................................................................................... Schematic Diagram of Port A......................................................................................... Schematic Diagram of Port B ......................................................................................... Schematic Diagram of Port C ......................................................................................... 416 421 423 427 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 436 Appendix D Port States in the Different Processing States .................................. 437 Appendix E List of Product Codes .............................................................................. 438 Appendix F Package Dimensions ................................................................................ 440 Section 1 Overview 1.1 Overview The H8/300L Series is a series of single-chip microcomputers (MCU: microcomputer unit) built around the high-speed H8/300L CPU core and equipped with peripheral system functions on-chip. Within the H8/300L Series, the H8/3814 Series features an on-chip liquid crystal display (LCD) controller/driver. Other on-chip peripheral functions include three timers, two serial communication interface channels, and an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter. Together these functions make the H8/3814 Series ideally suited for embedded control of systems requiring an LCD display. On-chip memory includes 512 bytes of RAM and varying amounts of ROM: 32 kbytes in the H8/3814 and H8/3814S, 24 kbytes in the H8/3813 and H8/3813S, and 16 kbytes in the H8/3812 and H8/3812S. The H8/3814 Series does not include ZTAT™ versions*, but the ZTAT™ versions* of the H8/3834 may be used instead. Table 1-1 summarizes the features of the H8/3814 Series. Note: * ZTAT (Zero Turn Around Time) is a trademark of Hitachi, Ltd. Table 1-1 Features Item Description CPU High-speed H8/300L CPU • General-register architecture General registers: Sixteen 8-bit registers (can be used as eight 16-bit registers) • Operating speed — Max. operating speed: 5 MHz — Add/subtract: 0.4 µs (operating at 5 MHz) — Multiply/divide: 2.8 µs (operating at 5 MHz) — Can run on 32.768 kHz subclock • Instruction set compatible with H8/300 CPU — Instruction length of 2 bytes or 4 bytes — Basic arithmetic operations between registers — MOV instruction for data transfer between memory and registers 1 Table 1-1 Features (cont) Item Description CPU Typical instructions • Multiply (8 bits × 8 bits) • Divide (16 bits ÷ 8 bits) • Bit accumulator • Register-indirect designation of bit position Interrupts • 13 external interrupt pins: IRQ4 to IRQ0, WKP7 to WKP0 • 16 internal interrupt sources Clock pulse generators Two on-chip clock pulse generators • System clock pulse generator: 1 to 10 MHz • Subclock pulse generator: 32.768 kHz Power-down modes Six power-down modes • Sleep mode • Standby mode • Watch mode • Subsleep mode • Subactive mode • Active (medium-speed) mode Memory Large on-chip memory • H8/3814, H8/3814S: 32-kbyte ROM, 512-byte RAM • H8/3813, H8/3813S: 24-kbyte ROM, 512-byte RAM • H8/3812, H8/3812S: 16-kbyte ROM, 512-byte RAM I/O ports • I/O pins: 71 • Input pins: 13 2 Table 1-1 Features (cont) Item Description Timers Three on-chip timers • Timer A: 8-bit timer Count-up timer with selection of eight internal clock signals divided from the system clock (ø)* and four clock signals divided from the watch clock (øw)* • Timer F: 16-bit timer — Can be used as two independent 8-bit timers. — Count-up timer with selection of four internal clock signals or event input from external pin — Compare-match function with toggle output • Timer G: 8-bit timer — Count-up timer with selection of four internal clock signals — Input capture function with built-in noise canceller circuit Note: * ø and øw are defined in section 4, Clock Pulse Generators. Serial communication interface Two channels on chip • SCI1: synchronous serial interface Choice of 8-bit or 16-bit data transfer • SCI3: 8-bit synchronous or asynchronous serial interface Built-in function for multiprocessor communication A/D converter • Successive approximations using a resistance ladder • Resolution: 8 bits • 12-channel analog input port • Conversion time: 31/ø or 62/ø per channel LCD controller/driver Up to 40 segment pins and 4 common pins • Choice of four duty cycles (static, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4) • Segments can be expanded externally • Segment pins can be switched to general-purpose ports in groups of four 3 Table 1-1 Features (cont) Item Product lineup Specification Product Code Mask ROM Version ZTAT Version*1 HD6433814H HD6433814SH Package ROM/RAM Size HD6473834H 100-pin QFP (FP-100B) ROM: 32 kbytes RAM: 512 bytes HD6433814F HD6433814SF HD6473834F 100-pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433814SX HD6473834X 100-pin QFP (TFP-100B) HD6433813H HD6433813SH — 100-pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433813F HD6433813SF — 100-pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433813SX — 100-pin QFP (TFP-100B) HD6433812H HD6433812SH — 100-pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433812F HD6433812SF — 100-pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433812SX — 100-pin QFP (TFP-100B) HD6433814D HD6433814SD HD6473834D 100-pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433814E HD6433814SE HD6473834E 100-pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433814SL — 100-pin QFP (TFP-100B) 4 ROM: 24 kbytes RAM: 512 bytes ROM: 16 kbytes RAM: 512 bytes ROM: 32 kbytes RAM: 512 bytes WTR (I-spec) Table 1-1 Features (cont) Item Specification Product lineup Product Code Mask ROM Version ZTAT Version HD6433813D HD6433813SD Package ROM/RAM Size — 100-pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433813E HD6433813SE — 100-pin QFP (FP-100A) ROM: 24 kbytes RAM: 512 bytes WTR (I-spec) HD6433813SL — 100-pin QFP (TFP-100B) HD6433812D HD6433812SD — 100-pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433812E HD6433812SE — 100-pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433812SL — 100-pin QFP (TFP-100B) ROM: 16 kbytes RAM: 512 bytes WTR (I-spec) Notes: 1. The H8/3814 Series does not include a ZTATTM*2 version. The H8/3834 ZTATTM*2 version should be used. 2. ZTAT is a trademark of Hitachi. 5 1.2 Internal Block Diagram MD0 TEST RES VCC VCC VSS VSS X1 X2 Port 1 Subclock pulse generator LCD driver power supply CPU H8/300L Data bus (lower) ROM (32 k/24 k/ 16 kbytes) P20/IRQ4/ADTRG P21 P22 P23 P24 P25 RAM (512 bytes) Port A Address bus P16/IRQ2 P1 7/IRQ3/TMIF Data bus (upper) P13/TMIG P14 P15/IRQ1 OSC1 OSC2 P10/TMOW P11/TMOFL P12/TMOFH System clock pulse generator Figure 1-1 shows a block diagram of the H8/3814 Series. P26 P27 P34 P35 PA1/COM2 PA0/COM1 P95/SEG38/DO P94/SEG37/M P93/SEG36 P92/SEG35 P87/SEG32 P86/SEG31 P30/SCK1 P31/SI1 P32/SO1 P33 PA3/COM4 PA2/COM3 P91/SEG34 P90/SEG33 LCD controller Timer A V3 P97/SEG40/CL1 P96/SEG39/CL2 Port 9 Port 2 V1 V2 Port 8 SCI1 Timer F Port 3 P85/SEG30 P84/SEG29 P83/SEG28 P82/SEG27 P81/SEG26 P80/SEG25 P36 P37 P77/SEG24 P76/SEG23 SCI3 Timer C P40/SCK3 P41/RXD P42/TXD P43/IRQ0 Port 4 Port 7 A/D converter P50/WKP0 /SEG1 P51/WKP1 /SEG2 P52/WKP2 /SEG3 P53/WKP3 /SEG4 P54/WKP4 /SEG5 P75/SEG22 P74/SEG21 P73/SEG20 P72/SEG19 P71/SEG18 P70/SEG17 P67/SEG16 P66/SEG15 P65/SEG14 Port 5 P55/WKP5 /SEG6 P56/WKP6 /SEG7 Port B Port C PC0/AN8 PC1/AN9 PC2/AN10 PC3/AN11 AVSS AVCC P57/WKP7 /SEG8 PB0/AN0 PB1/AN1 PB2/AN2 PB3/AN3 PB4/AN4 PB5/AN5 PB6/AN6 PB7/AN7 Port 6 Figure 1-1 Block Diagram 6 P64/SEG13 P63/SEG12 P62/SEG11 P61/SEG10 P60/SEG9 1.3 Pin Arrangement and Functions 1.3.1 Pin Arrangement P12/TMOFH P11/TMOFL P10/TMOW VCC 77 76 P41/RXD 86 78 P42/TXD 87 P13/TMIG P43/IRQ0 88 79 AVCC 89 P14 PB0/AN0 90 80 PB1/AN1 91 P15/IRQ1 PB2/AN2 92 81 PB3/AN3 93 P16/IRQ2 PB4/AN4 94 82 PB5/AN5 95 83 PB6/AN6 96 P40/SCK3 PB7/AN7 97 P17/IRQ3 /TMIF PC0/AN8 98 84 PC1/AN9 99 85 PC2/AN10 100 The H8/3814 Series pin arrangement is shown in figures 1-2 and 1-3. PC3/AN11 1 75 P97/SEG40/CL1 AVSS 2 74 P96/SEG39/CL2 TEST 3 73 P95/SEG38/D0 X2 4 72 P94/SEG37/M 22 54 P72/SEG19 P34 23 53 P71/SEG18 P35 24 52 P70/SEG17 P36 25 51 P67/SEG16 50 P73/SEG20 P33 P66/SEG15 55 49 21 P65/SEG14 P74/SEG21 P32/SO1 48 56 P64/SEG13 20 47 P75/SEG22 P31/SI1 P63/SEG12 57 46 19 P62/SEG11 P76/SEG23 P30/SCK1 45 58 P61/SEG10 18 44 P77/SEG24 P27 43 59 P60/SEG9 17 P57/WKP7 /SEG8 P80/SEG25 P26 42 60 P56/WKP6 /SEG7 16 41 P81/SEG26 P25 P55/WKP5 /SEG6 61 40 15 P54/WKP4 /SEG5 P82/SEG27 P24 39 62 P53/WKP3 /SEG4 14 38 P83/SEG28 P23 P52/WKP2 /SEG3 63 37 13 P51/WKP1 /SEG2 P84/SEG29 P22 36 64 P50/WKP0 /SEG1 12 35 P85/SEG30 P21 PA0/COM1 65 34 11 PA1/COM2 P86/SEG31 P20/IRQ4/ADTRG 33 66 PA2/COM3 10 32 P87/SEG32 MD0 PA3/COM4 67 31 9 VCC P90/SEG33 RES 30 68 V1 8 29 P91/SEG34 OSC2 V2 69 28 7 V3 P92/SEG35 OSC1 27 P93/SEG36 70 26 71 6 P37 5 VSS X1 VSS Figure 1-2 Pin Arrangement (FP-100B, TFP-100B: Top View) 7 PB7 /AN7 PB6 /AN6 PB5 /AN5 PB4 /AN4 PB3 /AN3 PB2 /AN2 PB1 /AN1 PB0 /AN0 AVCC P43 /IRQ0 P42 /TXD P41 /RXD P40 /SCK 3 P17 /IRQ3 /TMIF P16 /IRQ2 P15 /IRQ1 P14 P13 /TMIG P12 /TMOFH P11 /TMOFL 100 99 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 P84 /SEG29 P2 1 15 66 P83 /SEG28 P2 2 16 65 P82 /SEG27 P2 3 17 64 P81 /SEG26 P2 4 18 63 P80 /SEG25 P2 5 19 62 P77 /SEG24 P2 6 20 61 P76 /SEG23 P2 7 21 60 P75 /SEG22 P30 /SCK 1 22 59 P74 /SEG21 P31 /SI 1 23 58 P73 /SEG20 P32 /SO 1 24 57 P72 /SEG19 P3 3 25 56 P71 /SEG18 P3 4 26 55 P70 /SEG17 P3 5 27 54 P67 /SEG16 P3 6 28 53 P66 /SEG15 P3 7 29 52 P65 /SEG14 VSS 30 51 P64 /SEG13 50 67 P6 3 /SEG12 14 49 P85 /SEG30 P20 /IRQ4 /ADTRG P6 2 /SEG11 68 48 13 P6 1 /SEG10 P86 /SEG31 MD0 47 69 P60 /SEG 9 12 46 P87 /SEG32 RES P57 /WKP7 /SEG 8 70 45 11 P56 /WKP6 /SEG 7 P90 /SEG33 OSC 2 44 71 P55 /WKP5 /SEG 6 10 43 P91 /SEG34 OSC 1 P54 /WKP4 /SEG 5 72 42 9 P53 /WKP3 /SEG 4 P92 /SEG35 VSS 41 73 P52 /WKP2 /SEG 3 8 40 P93 /SEG36 X1 P51 /WKP1 /SEG 2 74 39 7 P50 /WKP0 /SEG 1 P94 /SEG37 /M X2 38 75 PA0 /COM 1 6 37 P95 /SEG38 /DO TEST PA1 /COM 2 76 36 5 PA2 /COM 3 P96 /SEG39 /CL 2 AVSS 35 77 PA3 /COM 4 4 34 P97 /SEG40 /CL 1 PC3 /AN11 VCC 78 33 3 V1 VCC PC2 /AN10 32 P10 /TMOW 79 31 80 2 V2 1 PC1 /AN 9 V3 PC0 /AN 8 Figure 1-3 Pin Arrangement (FP-100A: Top View) 8 1.3.2 Pin Functions Table 1-2 outlines the pin functions of the H8/3814 Series. Table 1-2 Pin Functions Pin No. Type FP-100B, TFP-100B FP-100A I/O Name and Functions 31, 76 34, 79 Input Power supply: All VCC pins should be connected to the system power supply (+5 V) VSS 6, 27 9, 30 Input Ground: All VSS pins should be connected to the system power supply (0 V) AVCC 89 92 Input Analog power supply: This is the power supply pin for the A/D converter. When the A/D converter is not used, connect this pin to the system power supply (+5 V). AVSS 2 5 Input Analog ground: This is the A/D converter ground pin. It should be connected to the system power supply (0 V). V1, V2, V3 30, 29, 28 33, 32, 31 Input LCD power supply: These are power supply pins for the LCD controller/ driver. A built-in resistor divider is provided for the power supply, so these pins are normally left open. Power supply conditions are VCC ≥ V1 ≥ V2 ≥ V3 ≥ VSS. OSC1 7 10 Input OSC2 8 11 Output System clock: This pin connects to a crystal or ceramic oscillator, or can be used to input an external clock. See section 4, Clock Pulse Generators, for a typical connection diagram. X1 5 8 Input X2 4 7 Output Symbol VCC Power source pins Clock pins 9 Subclock: This pin connects to a 32.768-kHz crystal oscillator. See section 4, Clock Pulse Generators, for a typical connection diagram. Table 1-2 Pin Functions (cont) Pin No. Type Symbol FP-100B, TFP-100B FP-100A I/O Name and Functions System control RES 9 12 Input Reset: When this pin is driven low, the chip is reset MD0 10 13 Input Mode: This pin controls system clock oscillation in the reset state TEST 3 6 Input Test: This is a test pin, not for use in application systems. It should be connected to VSS. IRQ0 IRQ1 IRQ2 IRQ3 IRQ4 88 82 83 84 11 91 85 86 87 14 Input External interrupt request 0 to 4: These are input pins for external interrupts for which there is a choice between rising and falling edge sensing WKP7 to WKP0 43 to 36 46 to 39 Input Wakeup interrupt request 0 to 7: These are input pins for external interrupts that are detected at the falling edge TMOW 77 80 Output Clock output: This is an output pin for waveforms generated by the timer A output circuit TMIF 84 87 Input Timer F event counter input: This is an event input pin for input to the timer F counter TMOFL 78 81 Output Timer FL output: This is an output pin for waveforms generated by the timer FL output compare function TMOFH 79 82 Output Timer FH output: This is an output pin for waveforms generated by the timer FH output compare function TMIG 80 83 Input Timer G capture input: This is an input pin for the timer G input capture function Interrupt pins Timer pins 10 Table 1-2 Pin Functions (cont) Pin No. Type Symbol FP-100B, TFP-100B FP-100A I/O ports PB7 to PB0 97 to 90 PC3 to PC0 I/O Name and Functions 100 to 93 Input Port B: This is an 8-bit input port 1, 100 to 98 4 to 1 Input Port C: This is a 4-bit input port P43 88 91 Input Port 4 (bit 3): This is a 1-bit input port P42 to P40 87 to 85 90 to 88 I/O Port 4 (bits 2 to 0): This is a 3-bit I/O port. Input or output can be designated for each bit by means of port control register 4 (PCR4). PA3 to PA0 32 to 35 35 to 38 I/O Port A: This is a 4-bit I/O port. Input or output can be designated for each bit by means of port control register A (PCRA). P17 to P10 84 to 77 87 to 80 I/O Port 1: This is an 8-bit I/O port. Input or output can be designated for each bit by means of port control register 1 (PCR1). P27 to P20 18 to 11 21 to 14 I/O Port 2: This is an 8-bit I/O port. Input or output can be designated for each bit by means of port control register 2 (PCR2). P37 to P30 26 to 19 29 to 22 I/O Port 3: This is an 8-bit I/O port. Input or output can be designated for each bit by means of port control register 3 (PCR3). P57 to P50 43 to 36 46 to 39 I/O Port 5: This is an 8-bit I/O port. Input or output can be designated for each bit by means of port control register 5 (PCR5). P67 to P60 51 to 44 54 to 47 I/O Port 6: This is an 8-bit I/O port. Input or output can be designated for each bit by means of port control register 6 (PCR6). 11 Table 1-2 Pin Functions (cont) Pin No. Type Symbol FP-100B, TFP-100B FP-100A I/O ports P77 to P70 59 to 52 P87 to P80 Serial communication interface (SCI) A/D converter I/O Name and Functions 62 to 55 I/O Port 7: This is an 8-bit I/O port. Input or output can be designated for each bit by means of port control register 7 (PCR7). 67 to 60 70 to 63 I/O Port 8: This is an 8-bit I/O port. Input or output can be designated for each bit by means of port control register 8 (PCR8). P97 to P90 75 to 68 78 to 71 I/O Port 9: This is an 8-bit I/O port. Input or output can be designated for each bit by means of port control register 9 (PCR9). SI1 20 23 Input SCI1 receive data input: This is the SCI1 data input pin SO1 21 24 Output SCI1 send data output: This is the SCI1 data output pin SCK1 19 22 I/O SCI1 clock I/O : This is the SCI1 clock I/O pin RXD 86 89 Input SCI3 receive data input: This is the SCI3 data input pin TXD 87 90 Output SCI3 send data output: This is the SCI3 data output pin SCK3 85 88 I/O SCI3 clock I/O : This is the SCI3 clock I/O pin AN11 to AN0 1, 100 to 90 4 to 1 100 to 93 Input Analog input channels 0 to 11: These are analog data input channels to the A/D converter ADTRG 11 14 Input A/D converter trigger input: This is the external trigger input pin to the A/D converter 12 Table 1-2 Pin Functions (cont) Pin No. Type Symbol FP-100B, TFP-100B FP-100A LCD controller/ driver COM4 to COM1 35 to 32 SEG40 to SEG1 I/O Name and Functions 38 to 35 Output LCD common output: These are LCD common output pins 75 to 36 78 to 39 Output LCD segment output: These are LCD segment output pins CL1 75 78 Output LCD latch clock: This is the display data latch clock output pin for external segment expansion CL2 74 77 Output LCD shift clock: This is the display data shift clock output pin for external segment expansion DO 73 76 Output LCD serial data output: This is the serial display data output pin for external segment expansion M 72 75 Output LCD alternating signal output: This is the LCD alternating signal output pin for external segment expansion 13 Section 2 CPU 2.1 Overview The H8/300L CPU has sixteen 8-bit general registers, which can also be paired as eight 16-bit registers. Its concise, optimized instruction set is designed for high-speed operation. 2.1.1 Features Features of the H8/300L CPU are listed below. • General-register architecture Sixteen 8-bit general registers, also usable as eight 16-bit general registers • Instruction set with 55 basic instructions, including: — Multiply and divide instructions — Powerful bit-manipulation instructions • Eight addressing modes — Register direct — Register indirect — Register indirect with displacement — Register indirect with post-increment or pre-decrement — Absolute address — Immediate — Program-counter relative — Memory indirect • 64-kbyte address space • High-speed operation — All frequently used instructions are executed in two to four states — High-speed arithmetic and logic operations 8- or 16-bit register-register add or subtract: 0.4 µs* 8 × 8-bit multiply: 2.8 µs* 16 ÷ 8-bit divide: 2.8 µs* • Low-power operation modes SLEEP instruction for transfer to low-power operation Note: * These values are at ø = 5 MHz. 15 2.1.2 Address Space The H8/300L CPU supports an address space of up to 64 kbytes for storing program code and data. See 2.8, Memory Map, for details of the memory map. 2.1.3 Register Configuration Figure 2-1 shows the register structure of the H8/300L CPU. There are two groups of registers: the general registers and control registers. General registers (Rn) 7 0 7 0 R0H R0L R1H R1L R2H R2L R3H R3L R4H R4L R5H R5L R6H R6L R7H (SP) SP: Stack Pointer R7L Control registers (CR) 15 0 PC CCR PC: Program Counter 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 I UHUNZ VC CCR: Condition Code Register Carry flag Overflow flag Zero flag Negative flag Half-carry flag Interrupt mask bit User bit User bit Figure 2-1 CPU Registers 16 2.2 Register Descriptions 2.2.1 General Registers All the general registers can be used as both data registers and address registers. When used as data registers, they can be accessed as 16-bit registers (R0 to R7), or the high bytes (R0H to R7H) and low bytes (R0L to R7L) can be accessed separately as 8-bit registers. When used as address registers, the general registers are accessed as 16-bit registers (R0 to R7). R7 also functions as the stack pointer (SP), used implicitly by hardware in exception processing and subroutine calls. When it functions as the stack pointer, as indicated in figure 2-2, SP (R7) points to the top of the stack. Lower address side [H'0000] Unused area SP (R7) Stack area Upper address side [H'FFFF] Figure 2-2 Stack Pointer 2.2.2 Control Registers The CPU control registers include a 16-bit program counter (PC) and an 8-bit condition code register (CCR). Program Counter (PC): This 16-bit register indicates the address of the next instruction the CPU will execute. All instructions are fetched 16 bits (1 word) at a time, so the least significant bit of the PC is ignored (always regarded as 0). 17 Condition Code Register (CCR): This 8-bit register contains internal status information, including the interrupt mask bit (I) and half-carry (H), negative (N), zero (Z), overflow (V), and carry (C) flags. These bits can be read and written by software (using the LDC, STC, ANDC, ORC, and XORC instructions). The N, Z, V, and C flags are used as branching conditions for conditional branching (Bcc) instructions. Bit 7—Interrupt Mask Bit (I): When this bit is set to 1, interrupts are masked. This bit is set to 1 automatically at the start of exception handling. The interrupt mask bit may be read and written by software. For further details, see section 3.3, Interrupts. Bit 6—User Bit (U): Can be used freely by the user. Bit 5—Half-Carry Flag (H): When the ADD.B, ADDX.B, SUB.B, SUBX.B, CMP.B, or NEG.B instruction is executed, this flag is set to 1 if there is a carry or borrow at bit 3, and is cleared to 0 otherwise. The H flag is used implicitly by the DAA and DAS instructions. When the ADD.W, SUB.W, or CMP.W instruction is executed, the H flag is set to 1 if there is a carry or borrow at bit 11, and is cleared to 0 otherwise. Bit 4—User Bit (U): Can be used freely by the user. Bit 3—Negative Flag (N): Indicates the most significant bit (sign bit) of the result of an instruction. Bit 2—Zero Flag (Z): Set to 1 to indicate a zero result, and cleared to 0 to indicate a non-zero result. Bit 1—Overflow Flag (V): Set to 1 when an arithmetic overflow occurs, and cleared to 0 at other times. Bit 0—Carry Flag (C): Set to 1 when a carry occurs, and cleared to 0 otherwise. Used by: • • • Add instructions, to indicate a carry Subtract instructions, to indicate a borrow Shift and rotate instructions, to store the value shifted out of the end bit The carry flag is also used as a bit accumulator by bit manipulation instructions. Some instructions leave some or all of the flag bits unchanged. Refer to the H8/300L Series Programming Manual for the action of each instruction on the flag bits. 18 2.2.3 Initial Register Values When the CPU is reset, the program counter (PC) is initialized to the value stored at address H'0000 in the vector table, and the I bit in the CCR is set to 1. The other CCR bits and the general registers are not initialized. In particular, the stack pointer (R7) is not initialized. To prevent program crashes the stack pointer should be initialized by software, by the first instruction executed after a reset. 2.3 Data Formats The H8/300L CPU can process 1-bit data, 4-bit (BCD) data, 8-bit (byte) data, and 16-bit (word) data. • Bit manipulation instructions operate on 1-bit data specified as bit n in a byte operand (n = 0, 1, 2, ..., 7). • All arithmetic and logic instructions except ADDS and SUBS can operate on byte data. • The MOV.W, ADD.W, SUB.W, CMP.W, ADDS, SUBS, MULXU (8 bits × 8 bits), and DIVXU (16 bits ÷ 8 bits) instructions operate on word data. • The DAA and DAS instructions perform decimal arithmetic adjustments on byte data in packed BCD form. Each nibble of the byte is treated as a decimal digit. 19 2.3.1 Data Formats in General Registers Data of all the sizes above can be stored in general registers as shown in figure 2-3. Data Type Register No. Data Format 7 1-bit data RnH 1-bit data RnL 7 0 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 don’t care 7 Byte data RnH Byte data RnL Word data Rn don’t care 7 0 MSB LSB don’t care RnH 4-bit BCD data RnL 0 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 don’t care 7 0 MSB LSB 15 0 MSB LSB 7 4-bit BCD data 7 4 3 Upper digit 0 Lower digit don’t care 7 4 Upper digit don’t care Notation: RnH: Upper byte of general register RnL: Lower byte of general register MSB: Most significant bit LSB: Least significant bit Figure 2-3 Register Data Formats 20 0 3 Lower digit 2.3.2 Memory Data Formats Figure 2-4 indicates the data formats in memory. For access by the H8/300L CPU, word data stored in memory must always begin at an even address. In word access the least significant bit of the address is regarded as 0. If an odd address is specified, the access is performed at the preceding even address. This rule affects the MOV.W instruction, and also applies to instruction fetching. Data Type Address Data Format 7 1-bit data Address n 7 Byte data Address n MSB Even address MSB Word data Odd address Byte data (CCR) on stack Word data on stack 0 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 LSB Upper 8 bits Lower 8 bits LSB Even address MSB CCR LSB Odd address MSB CCR* LSB Even address MSB Odd address LSB CCR: Condition code register Note: * Ignored on return Figure 2-4 Memory Data Formats When the stack is accessed using R7 as an address register, word access should always be performed. When the CCR is pushed on the stack, two identical copies of the CCR are pushed to make a complete word. When they are restored, the lower byte is ignored. 21 2.4 Addressing Modes 2.4.1 Addressing Modes The H8/300L CPU supports the eight addressing modes listed in table 2-1. Each instruction uses a subset of these addressing modes. Table 2-1 Addressing Modes No. Address Modes Symbol 1 Register direct Rn 2 Register indirect @Rn 3 Register indirect with displacement @(d:16, Rn) 4 Register indirect with post-increment Register indirect with pre-decrement @Rn+ @–Rn 5 Absolute address @aa:8 or @aa:16 6 Immediate #xx:8 or #xx:16 7 Program-counter relative @(d:8, PC) 8 Memory indirect @@aa:8 1. Register Direct—Rn: The register field of the instruction specifies an 8- or 16-bit general register containing the operand. Only the MOV.W, ADD.W, SUB.W, CMP.W, ADDS, SUBS, MULXU (8 bits × 8 bits), and DIVXU (16 bits ÷ 8 bits) instructions have 16-bit operands. 2. Register Indirect—@Rn: The register field of the instruction specifies a 16-bit general register containing the address of the operand in memory. 3. Register Indirect with Displacement—@(d:16, Rn): The instruction has a second word (bytes 3 and 4) containing a displacement which is added to the contents of the specified general register to obtain the operand address in memory. This mode is used only in MOV instructions. For the MOV.W instruction, the resulting address must be even. 22 4. Register Indirect with Post-Increment or Pre-Decrement—@Rn+ or @–Rn: • Register indirect with post-increment—@Rn+ The @Rn+ mode is used with MOV instructions that load registers from memory. The register field of the instruction specifies a 16-bit general register containing the address of the operand. After the operand is accessed, the register is incremented by 1 for MOV.B or 2 for MOV.W. For MOV.W, the original contents of the 16-bit general register must be even. • Register indirect with pre-decrement—@–Rn The @–Rn mode is used with MOV instructions that store register contents to memory. The register field of the instruction specifies a 16-bit general register which is decremented by 1 or 2 to obtain the address of the operand in memory. The register retains the decremented value. The size of the decrement is 1 for MOV.B or 2 for MOV.W. For MOV.W, the original contents of the register must be even. 5. Absolute Address—@aa:8 or @aa:16: The instruction specifies the absolute address of the operand in memory. The absolute address may be 8 bits long (@aa:8) or 16 bits long (@aa:16). The MOV.B and bit manipulation instructions can use 8-bit absolute addresses. The MOV.B, MOV.W, JMP, and JSR instructions can use 16-bit absolute addresses. For an 8-bit absolute address, the upper 8 bits are assumed to be 1 (H'FF). The address range is H'FF00 to H'FFFF (65280 to 65535). 6. Immediate—#xx:8 or #xx:16: The instruction contains an 8-bit operand (#xx:8) in its second byte, or a 16-bit operand (#xx:16) in its third and fourth bytes. Only MOV.W instructions can contain 16-bit immediate values. The ADDS and SUBS instructions implicitly contain the value 1 or 2 as immediate data. Some bit manipulation instructions contain 3-bit immediate data in the second or fourth byte of the instruction, specifying a bit number. 7. Program-Counter Relative—@(d:8, PC): This mode is used in the Bcc and BSR instructions. An 8-bit displacement in byte 2 of the instruction code is sign-extended to 16 bits and added to the program counter contents to generate a branch destination address. The possible branching range is –126 to +128 bytes (–63 to +64 words) from the current address. The displacement should be an even number. 23 8. Memory Indirect—@@aa:8: This mode can be used by the JMP and JSR instructions. The second byte of the instruction code specifies an 8-bit absolute address. The word located at this address contains the branch destination address. The upper 8 bits of the absolute address are assumed to be 0 (H'00), so the address range is from H'0000 to H'00FF (0 to 255). Note that with the H8/300L Series, the lower end of the address area is also used as a vector area. See 3.3, Interrupts, for details on the vector area. If an odd address is specified as a branch destination or as the operand address of a MOV.W instruction, the least significant bit is regarded as 0, causing word access to be performed at the address preceding the specified address. See 2.3.2, Memory Data Formats, for further information. 2.4.2 Effective Address Calculation Table 2-2 shows how effective addresses are calculated in each of the addressing modes. Arithmetic and logic instructions use register direct addressing (1). The ADD.B, ADDX, SUBX, CMP.B, AND, OR, and XOR instructions can also use immediate addressing (6). Data transfer instructions can use all addressing modes except program-counter relative (7) and memory indirect (8). Bit manipulation instructions use register direct (1), register indirect (2), or absolute addressing (5) to specify a byte operand, and 3-bit immediate addressing (6) to specify a bit position in that byte. The BSET, BCLR, BNOT, and BTST instructions can also use register direct addressing (1) to specify the bit position. 24 25 4 3 2 rm op 7 6 rm 4 3 4 3 rn 0 0 op disp 7 6 rm op 7 6 rm 4 3 4 3 0 0 15 op 7 6 rm 4 3 0 Register indirect with pre-decrement, @–Rn 15 Register indirect with post-increment, @Rn+ 15 Register indirect with displacement, @(d:16, Rn) 15 Register indirect, @Rn op 8 7 Register direct, Rn 1 15 Addressing Mode and Instruction Format No. Table 2-2 Effective Address Calculation 0 0 0 Contents (16 bits) of register indicated by rm 0 1 or 2 Contents (16 bits) of register indicated by rm disp Contents (16 bits) of register indicated by rm Contents (16 bits) of register indicated by rm 3 rm 0 3 rn Effective Address (EA) 0 15 15 15 15 0 0 0 0 Operand is contents of registers indicated by rm/rn Incremented or decremented by 1 if operand is byte size, 1 or 2 and by 2 if word size 15 15 15 15 Effective Address Calculation Method 26 7 6 5 No. op op IMM op 8 7 abs op 8 7 IMM abs 15 op 8 7 disp Program-counter relative @(d:8, PC) 15 #xx:16 15 Immediate #xx:8 15 @aa:16 15 Absolute address @aa:8 Addressing Mode and Instruction Format 0 0 0 0 0 Table 2-2 Effective Address Calculation (cont) PC contents Sign extension 15 disp 0 Effective Address Calculation Method H'FF 8 7 0 0 15 0 Operand is 1- or 2-byte immediate data 15 15 Effective Address (EA) 27 8 7 Notation: rm, rn: Register field Operation field op: disp: Displacement IMM: Immediate data abs: Absolute address op abs Memory indirect, @@aa:8 8 15 Addressing Mode and Instruction Format No. 0 Table 2-2 Effective Address Calculation (cont) 15 abs Memory contents (16 bits) H'00 8 7 0 Effective Address Calculation Method 15 Effective Address (EA) 0 2.5 Instruction Set The H8/300L Series can use a total of 55 instructions, which are grouped by function in table 2-3. Table 2-3 Instruction Set Function Instructions Number Data transfer MOV, PUSH*1, POP*1 1 Arithmetic operations ADD, SUB, ADDX, SUBX, INC, DEC, ADDS, SUBS, DAA, DAS, MULXU, DIVXU, CMP, NEG 14 Logic operations AND, OR, XOR, NOT 4 Shift SHAL, SHAR, SHLL, SHLR, ROTL, ROTR, ROTXL, ROTXR 8 Bit manipulation BSET, BCLR, BNOT, BTST, BAND, BIAND, BOR, BIOR, BXOR, BIXOR, BLD, BILD, BST, BIST 14 Branch Bcc*2, JMP, BSR, JSR, RTS 5 System control RTE, SLEEP, LDC, STC, ANDC, ORC, XORC, NOP 8 Block data transfer EEPMOV 1 Total: 55 Notes: 1. PUSH Rn is equivalent to MOV.W Rn, @–SP. POP Rn is equivalent to MOV.W @SP+, Rn. 2. Bcc is a conditional branch instruction in which cc represents a condition code. The following sections give a concise summary of the instructions in each category, and indicate the bit patterns of their object code. The notation used is defined next. 28 Notation Rd General register (destination) Rs General register (source) Rn General register (EAd), <EAd> Destination operand (EAs), <EAs> Source operand CCR Condition code register N N (negative) flag of CCR Z Z (zero) flag of CCR V V (overflow) flag of CCR C C (carry) flag of CCR PC Program counter SP Stack pointer #IMM Immediate data disp Displacement + Addition – Subtraction × Multiplication ÷ Division ∧ AND logical ∨ OR logical ⊕ Exclusive OR logical → Move ~ Logical negation (logical complement) :3 3-bit length :8 8-bit length :16 16-bit length ( ), < > Contents of operand indicated by effective address 29 2.5.1 Data Transfer Instructions Table 2-4 describes the data transfer instructions. Figure 2-5 shows their object code formats. Table 2-4 Data Transfer Instructions Instruction Size* Function MOV B/W (EAs) → Rd, Rs → (EAd) Moves data between two general registers or between a general register and memory, or moves immediate data to a general register. The Rn, @Rn, @(d:16, Rn), @aa:16, #xx:16, @–Rn, and @Rn+ addressing modes are available for byte or word data. The @aa:8 addressing mode is available for byte data only. The @–R7 and @R7+ modes require word operands. Do not specify byte size for these two modes. POP W @SP+ → Rn Pops a 16-bit general register from the stack. Equivalent to MOV.W @SP+, Rn. PUSH W Rn → @–SP Pushes a 16-bit general register onto the stack. Equivalent to MOV.W Rn, @–SP. Notes: * Size: Operand size B: Byte W: Word Certain precautions are required in data access. See 2.9.1, Notes on Data Access, for details. 30 15 8 7 0 op rm 15 8 rn 0 rm 8 Rm→Rn 7 op 15 MOV rn @Rm←→Rn 7 0 op rm rn rm rn @(d:16, Rm)←→Rn disp 15 8 7 0 op 15 8 op 7 0 rn 15 @Rm+→Rn, or Rn →@–Rm abs 8 @aa:8←→Rn 7 0 op rn @aa:16←→Rn abs 15 8 op 7 0 rn 15 IMM 8 #xx:8→Rn 7 0 op rn #xx:16→Rn IMM 15 8 op 7 0 1 1 1 rn Notation: op: Operation field rm, rn: Register field disp: Displacement abs: Absolute address IMM: Immediate data Figure 2-5 Data Transfer Instruction Codes 31 PUSH, POP @SP+ → Rn, or Rn → @–SP 2.5.2 Arithmetic Operations Table 2-5 describes the arithmetic instructions. Table 2-5 Arithmetic Instructions Instruction Size* Function ADD SUB B/W Rd ± Rs → Rd, Rd + #IMM → Rd Performs addition or subtraction on data in two general registers, or addition on immediate data and data in a general register. Immediate data cannot be subtracted from data in a general register. Word data can be added or subtracted only when both words are in general registers. ADDX SUBX B Rd ± Rs ± C → Rd, Rd ± #IMM ± C → Rd Performs addition or subtraction with carry or borrow on byte data in two general registers, or addition or subtraction on immediate data and data in a general register. INC DEC B Rd ± 1 → Rd Increments or decrements a general register ADDS SUBS W Rd ± 1 → Rd, Rd ± 2 → Rd Adds or subtracts immediate data to or from data in a general register. The immediate data must be 1 or 2. DAA DAS B Rd decimal adjust → Rd Decimal-adjusts (adjusts to packed BCD) an addition or subtraction result in a general register by referring to the CCR MULXU B Rd × Rs → Rd Performs 8-bit × 8-bit unsigned multiplication on data in two general registers, providing a 16-bit result DIVXU B Rd ÷ Rs → Rd Performs 16-bit ÷ 8-bit unsigned division on data in two general registers, providing an 8-bit quotient and 8-bit remainder CMP B/W Rd – Rs, Rd – #IMM Compares data in a general register with data in another general register or with immediate data, and the result is stored in the CCR. Word data can be compared only between two general registers. NEG B 0 – Rd → Rd Obtains the two’s complement (arithmetic complement) of data in a general register Notes: * Size: Operand size B: Byte W: Word 32 2.5.3 Logic Operations Table 2-6 describes the four instructions that perform logic operations. Table 2-6 Logic Operation Instructions Instruction Size* Function AND B Rd ∧ Rs → Rd, Rd ∧ #IMM → Rd Performs a logical AND operation on a general register and another general register or immediate data OR B Rd ∨ Rs → Rd, Rd ∨ #IMM → Rd Performs a logical OR operation on a general register and another general register or immediate data XOR B Rd ⊕ Rs → Rd, Rd ⊕ #IMM → Rd Performs a logical exclusive OR operation on a general register and another general register or immediate data NOT B ~ Rd → Rd Obtains the one’s complement (logical complement) of general register contents Notes: * Size: Operand size B: Byte 2.5.4 Shift Operations Table 2-7 describes the eight shift instructions. Table 2-7 Shift Instructions Instruction Size* Function SHAL SHAR B Rd shift → Rd SHLL SHLR B ROTL ROTR B ROTXL ROTXR B Performs an arithmetic shift operation on general register contents Rd shift → Rd Performs a logical shift operation on general register contents Rd rotate → Rd Rotates general register contents Rd rotate through carry → Rd Rotates general register contents through the C (carry) bit Notes: * Size: Operand size B: Byte 33 Figure 2-6 shows the instruction code format of arithmetic, logic, and shift instructions. 15 8 7 op 0 rm 15 8 7 0 op 15 8 7 0 rm 8 op 8 0 8 0 rn 7 rn 15 ADD, ADDX, SUBX, CMP (#XX:8) 7 rm 15 MULXU, DIVXU IMM op op rn 7 rn 15 ADDS, SUBS, INC, DEC, DAA, DAS, NEG, NOT rn op 15 ADD, SUB, CMP, ADDX, SUBX (Rm) rn AND, OR, XOR (Rm) 0 IMM 8 AND, OR, XOR (#xx:8) 7 0 op rn SHAL, SHAR, SHLL, SHLR, ROTL, ROTR, ROTXL, ROTXR Notation: op: Operation field rm, rn: Register field IMM: Immediate data Figure 2-6 Arithmetic, Logic, and Shift Instruction Codes 34 2.5.5 Bit Manipulations Table 2-8 describes the bit-manipulation instructions. Figure 2-7 shows their object code formats. Table 2-8 Bit-Manipulation Instructions Instruction Size* Function BSET B 1 → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) Sets a specified bit in a general register or memory to 1. The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data or the lower three bits of a general register. BCLR B 0 → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) Clears a specified bit in a general register or memory to 0. The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data or the lower three bits of a general register. BNOT B ~ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) Inverts a specified bit in a general register or memory. The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data or the lower three bits of a general register. BTST B ~ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → Z Tests a specified bit in a general register or memory and sets or clears the Z flag accordingly. The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data or the lower three bits of a general register. BAND B C ∧ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C ANDs the C flag with a specified bit in a general register or memory, and stores the result in the C flag. BIAND B C ∧ [~ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>)] → C ANDs the C flag with the inverse of a specified bit in a general register or memory, and stores the result in the C flag. The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data. BOR B C ∨ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C ORs the C flag with a specified bit in a general register or memory, and stores the result in the C flag. BIOR B C ∨ [~ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>)] → C ORs the C flag with the inverse of a specified bit in a general register or memory, and stores the result in the C flag. The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data. Notes: * Size: Operand size B: Byte 35 Table 2-8 Bit-Manipulation Instructions (cont) Instruction Size* Function BXOR B C ⊕ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C XORs the C flag with a specified bit in a general register or memory, and stores the result in the C flag. BIXOR B C ⊕ [~(<bit-No.> of <EAd>)] → C XORs the C flag with the inverse of a specified bit in a general register or memory, and stores the result in the C flag. The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data. BLD B (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C Copies a specified bit in a general register or memory to the C flag. BILD B ~ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C Copies the inverse of a specified bit in a general register or memory to the C flag. The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data. BST B C → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) Copies the C flag to a specified bit in a general register or memory. BIST B ~ C → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) Copies the inverse of the C flag to a specified bit in a general register or memory. The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data. Notes: * Size: Operand size B: Byte Certain precautions are required in bit manipulation. See 2.9.2, Notes on Bit Manipulation, for details. 36 BSET, BCLR, BNOT, BTST 15 8 7 op 0 IMM 15 8 7 op 0 rm 15 8 Operand: register direct (Rn) Bit No.: immediate (#xx:3) rn Operand: register direct (Rn) Bit No.: register direct (Rm) rn 7 op 0 rn 0 0 0 0 Operand: register indirect (@Rn) IMM 0 0 0 0 Bit No.: op rn 0 0 0 0 Operand: register indirect (@Rn) op rm 0 0 0 0 Bit No.: op 15 8 15 8 7 0 7 abs IMM 15 8 0 Operand: absolute (@aa:8) 0 0 7 0 Bit No.: immediate (#xx:3) 0 op abs op register direct (Rm) 0 op op immediate (#xx:3) rm 0 Operand: absolute (@aa:8) 0 0 0 Bit No.: register direct (Rm) BAND, BOR, BXOR, BLD, BST 15 8 7 op 0 IMM 15 8 7 op op 15 8 Operand: register direct (Rn) Bit No.: immediate (#xx:3) rn 0 rn 0 0 0 0 Operand: register indirect (@Rn) IMM 0 0 0 0 Bit No.: 7 0 op abs op immediate (#xx:3) IMM 0 Operand: absolute (@aa:8) 0 0 0 Bit No.: Notation: op: Operation field rm, rn: Register field abs: Absolute address IMM: Immediate data Figure 2-7 Bit Manipulation Instruction Codes 37 immediate (#xx:3) BIAND, BIOR, BIXOR, BILD, BIST 15 8 7 op 15 IMM 8 op 8 Operand: register direct (Rn) Bit No.: immediate (#xx:3) rn 7 op 15 0 0 rn 0 0 0 0 Operand: register indirect (@Rn) IMM 0 0 0 0 Bit No.: 7 0 op abs op immediate (#xx:3) IMM 0 Operand: absolute (@aa:8) 0 0 0 Bit No.: immediate (#xx:3) Notation: op: Operation field rm, rn: Register field abs: Absolute address IMM: Immediate data Figure 2-7 Bit Manipulation Instruction Codes (cont) 38 2.5.6 Branching Instructions Table 2-9 describes the branching instructions. Figure 2-8 shows their object code formats. Table 2-9 Branching Instructions Instruction Size Function Bcc — Branches to the designated address if condition cc is true. The branching conditions are given below. Mnemonic Description Condition BRA (BT) Always (true) Always BRN (BF) Never (false) Never BHI High C∨Z=0 BLS Low or same C∨Z=1 BCC (BHS) Carry clear (high or same) C=0 BCS (BLO) Carry set (low) C=1 BNE Not equal Z=0 BEQ Equal Z=1 BVC Overflow clear V=0 BVS Overflow set V=1 BPL Plus N=0 BMI Minus N=1 BGE Greater or equal N⊕V=0 BLT Less than N⊕V=1 BGT Greater than Z ∨ (N ⊕ V) = 0 BLE Less or equal Z ∨ (N ⊕ V) = 1 JMP — Branches unconditionally to a specified address BSR — Branches to a subroutine at a specified displacement from the current address JSR — Branches to a subroutine at a specified address RTS — Returns from a subroutine 39 15 8 op 7 0 cc 15 disp 8 7 op 15 Bcc 0 rm 8 0 0 0 7 0 JMP (@Rm) 0 op JMP (@aa:16) abs 15 8 7 0 op abs 15 8 JMP (@@aa:8) 7 0 op disp 15 8 7 op 15 BSR 0 rm 8 0 0 0 7 0 JSR (@Rm) 0 op JSR (@aa:16) abs 15 8 7 0 op abs 15 8 7 JSR (@@aa:8) 0 op RTS Notation: op: Operation field cc: Condition field rm: Register field disp: Displacement abs: Absolute address Figure 2-8 Branching Instruction Codes 40 2.5.7 System Control Instructions Table 2-10 describes the system control instructions. Figure 2-9 shows their object code formats. Table 2-10 System Control Instructions Instruction Size* Function RTE — Returns from an exception-handling routine SLEEP — Causes a transition from active mode to a power-down mode. See section 5, Power-Down Modes, for details LDC B Rs → CCR, #IMM → CCR Moves immediate data or general register contents to the condition code register STC B CCR → Rd Copies the condition code register to a specified general register ANDC B CCR ∧ #IMM → CCR Logically ANDs the condition code register with immediate data ORC B CCR ∨ #IMM → CCR Logically ORs the condition code register with immediate data XORC B CCR ⊕ #IMM → CCR Logically exclusive-ORs the condition code register with immediate data NOP — PC + 2 → PC Only increments the program counter Notes: * Size: Operand size B: Byte 41 15 8 7 0 op 15 8 RTE, SLEEP, NOP 7 0 op 15 rn 8 7 LDC, STC (Rn) 0 op IMM ANDC, ORC, XORC, LDC (#xx:8) Notation: op: Operation field rn: Register field IMM: Immediate data Figure 2-9 System Control Instruction Codes 2.5.8 Block Data Transfer Instruction Table 2-11 describes the block data transfer instruction. Figure 2-10 shows its object code format. Table 2-11 Block Data Transfer Instruction Instruction Size Function EEPMOV — If R4L ≠ 0 then repeat until @R5+ → @R6+ R4L – 1 → R4L R4L = 0 else next; Moves a data block according to parameters set in general registers R4L, R5, and R6. R4L: Size of block (bytes) R5: Starting source address R6: Starting destination address Execution of the next instruction starts as soon as the block transfer is completed. Certain precautions are required in using the EEPMOV instruction. See 2.9.3, Notes on Use of the EEPMOV Instruction, for details. 42 15 8 7 op op Notation: op: Operation field Figure 2-10 Block Data Transfer Instruction Code 43 0 2.6 Basic Operational Timing CPU operation is synchronized by a system clock (ø) or a subclock (øSUB). For details on these clock signals see section 4, Clock Pulse Generators. The period from a rising edge of ø or øSUB to the next rising edge is called one state. A bus cycle consists of two states or three states. The cycle differs depending on whether access is to on-chip memory or to on-chip peripheral modules. 2.6.1 Access to On-Chip Memory (RAM, ROM) Access to on-chip memory takes place in two states. The data bus width is 16 bits, allowing access in byte or word size. Figure 2-11 shows the on-chip memory access cycle. Bus cycle T1 state T2 state ø or ø SUB Internal address bus Address Internal read signal Internal data bus (read access) Read data Internal write signal Internal data bus (write access) Write data Figure 2-11 On-Chip Memory Access Cycle 44 2.6.2 Access to On-Chip Peripheral Modules On-chip peripheral modules are accessed in two states or three states. The data bus width is 8 bits, so access is by byte size only. This means that for accessing word data, two instructions must be used. Figures 2-12 and 2-13 show the on-chip peripheral module access cycle. Two-state access to on-chip peripheral modules Bus cycle T1 state T2 state ø or ø SUB Internal address bus Address Internal read signal Internal data bus (read access) Read data Internal write signal Internal data bus (write access) Write data Figure 2-12 On-Chip Peripheral Module Access Cycle (2-State Access) 45 Three-state access to on-chip peripheral modules Bus cycle T1 state T2 state T3 state ø or ø SUB Internal address bus Address Internal read signal Internal data bus (read access) Read data Internal write signal Internal data bus (write access) Write data Figure 2-13 On-Chip Peripheral Module Access Cycle (3-State Access) 46 2.7 CPU States 2.7.1 Overview There are four CPU states: the reset state, program execution state, program halt state, and exception-handling state. The program execution state includes active (high-speed or mediumspeed) mode and subactive mode. In the program halt state there are a sleep mode, standby mode, watch mode, and sub-sleep mode. These states are shown in figure 2-14. Figure 2-15 shows the state transitions. CPU state Reset state The CPU is initialized. Program execution state Active (high speed) mode The CPU executes successive program instructions at high speed, synchronized by the system clock Active (medium speed) mode The CPU executes successive program instructions at reduced speed, synchronized by the system clock Subactive mode The CPU executes successive program instructions at reduced speed, synchronized by the subclock Program halt state Low-power modes Sleep mode A state in which some or all of the chip functions are stopped to conserve power Standby mode Watch mode Subsleep mode Exceptionhandling state A transient state in which the CPU changes the processing flow due to a reset or an interrupt Note: See section 5, Power-Down Modes, for details on the modes and their transitions. Figure 2-14 CPU Operation States 47 Reset cleared Reset state Exception-handling state Reset occurs Reset occurs Reset occurs Interrupt source Program halt state Exception- Exceptionhandling handling request complete Program execution state SLEEP instruction executed Figure 2-15 State Transitions 2.7.2 Program Execution State In the program execution state the CPU executes program instructions in sequence. There are three modes in this state, two active modes (high speed and medium speed) and one subactive mode. Operation is synchronized with the system clock in active mode (high speed and medium speed), and with the subclock in subactive mode. See section 5, Power-Down Modes for details on these modes. 2.7.3 Program Halt State In the program halt state there are four modes: sleep mode, standby mode, watch mode, and subsleep mode. See section 5, Power-Down Modes for details on these modes. 2.7.4 Exception-Handling State The exception-handling state is a transient state occurring when exception handling is started by a reset or interrupt and the CPU changes its normal processing flow. In exception handling caused by an interrupt, SP (R7) is referenced and the PC and CCR values are saved on the stack. For details on interrupt handling, see section 3, Exception Handling. 48 2.8 Memory Map 2.8.1 Memory Map Figure 2-16 shows the H8/3814 Series memory map. H'0000 Interrupt vector area H'0029 H'002A On-chip ROM (16 kbytes) H'3FFF (24 kbytes) H'5FFF (32 kbytes) H'7FFF Reserved H'F740 LCD RAM * (20 bytes) H'F753 Reserved H'FD80 On-chip RAM (512 bytes) H'FF7F Reserved H'FFA0 Internal I/O registers (96 bytes) H'FFFF Note: * LCD RAM addresses are the addresses after a reset. Figure 2-16 H8/3814 Series Memory Map 49 2.8.2 LCD RAM Address Relocation After a reset, the LCD RAM area is located at addresses H'F740 to H'F753. However, this area can be relocated by setting the LCD RAM relocation register (RLCTR) bits. The LCD RAM relocation register is explained below. LCD RAM relocation register (RLCTR: H'FFCF) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — — — RLCT1 RLCT0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 Read/Write — — — — — — R/W R/W RLCTR is an 8-bit read/write register that selects the LCD RAM address space. Upon reset, RLCTR is initialized to H'FC. Bits 7 to 2: Reserved bits Bits 7 to 2 are reserved; they are always read as 1, and cannot be modified. Bits 1 and 0: LCD RAM relocation select (RLCT1, RLCT0) Bits 1 and 0 select the LCD RAM address space. Bit 1 RLCT1 Bit 0 RLCT0 Description 0 0 H'F740 toH'F753 0 1 H'F940 to H'F953 1 0 H'FB40 to H'FB53 1 1 H'FD40 to H'FD53 (initial value) 50 2.9 Application Notes 2.9.1 Notes on Data Access 1. The address space of the H8/300L CPU includes empty areas in addition to the RAM, registers, and ROM areas available to the user. If these empty areas are mistakenly accessed by an application program, the following results will occur. Data transfer from CPU to empty area: The transferred data will be lost. This action may also cause the CPU to misoperate. Data transfer from empty area to CPU: Unpredictable data is transferred. 2. Internal data transfer to or from on-chip modules other than the ROM and RAM areas makes use of an 8-bit data width. If word access is attempted to these areas, the following results will occur. Word access from CPU to I/O register area: Upper byte: Will be written to I/O register. Lower byte: Transferred data will be lost. Word access from I/O register to CPU: Upper byte: Will be written to upper part of CPU register. Lower byte: Unpredictable data will be written to lower part of CPU register. Byte size instructions should therefore be used when transferring data to or from I/O registers other than the on-chip ROM and RAM areas. Figure 2-17 shows the data size and number of states in which on-chip peripheral modules can be accessed. 51 Access Word Byte States H'0000 H'0029 H'002A H'3FFF H'5FFF H'7FFF Interrupt vector area (42 bytes) On-chip ROM H8/3812 H8/3812S (16 kbytes) o o 2 Reserved — — — LCD RAM * (20 bytes) o o 2 Reserved — — — o o 2 — — — × o 2 × o 3 × o 2 32 kbytes H8/3813 H8/3813S (24 kbytes) H8/3814 H8/3814S (32 kbytes) H'F740 H'F753 H'FD80 On-chip RAM 512 bytes H'FF7F Reserved H'FFA0 Internal I/O registers (96 bytes) H'FFA8 H'FFAD H'FFFF o: Access possible × : Not possible Note: * LCD RAM addresses are the addresses after a reset. Figure 2-17 Data Size and Number of States for Access to and from On-Chip Peripheral Modules 52 2.9.2 Notes on Bit Manipulation The BSET, BCLR, BNOT, BST, and BIST instructions read one byte of data, modify the data, then write the data byte again. Special care is required when using these instructions in cases where two registers are assigned to the same address, in the case of registers that include writeonly bits, and when the instruction accesses an I/O. Order of Operation Operation 1 Read Read byte data at the designated address 2 Modify Modify a designated bit in the read data 3 Write Write the altered byte data to the designated address 1. Bit manipulation in two registers assigned to the same address Example 1 Figure 2-18 shows an example in which two timer registers share the same address. When a bit manipulation instruction accesses the timer load register and timer counter of a reloadable timer, since these two registers share the same address, the following operations take place. Order of Operation Operation 1 Read Timer counter data is read (one byte) 2 Modify The CPU modifies (sets or resets) the bit designated in the instruction 3 Write The altered byte data is written to the timer load register The timer counter is counting, so the value read is not necessarily the same as the value in the timer load register. As a result, bits other than the intended bit in the timer load register may be modified to the timer counter value. R Count clock Timer counter R: Read W: Write Reload W Timer load register Internal bus Figure 2-18 Timer Configuration Example 53 Example 2 Here a BSET instruction is executed designating port 3. P37 and P36 are designated as input pins, with a low-level signal input at P37 and a high-level signal at P36. The remaining pins, P35 to P30, are output pins and output low-level signals. In this example, the BSET instruction is used to change pin P30 to high-level output. [A: Prior to executing BSET] P37 P36 P35 P34 P33 P32 P31 P30 Input/output Input Input Output Output Output Output Output Output Pin state Low level High level Low level Low level Low level Low level Low level Low level PCR3 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 PDR3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 [B: BSET instruction executed] BSET #0 , @PDR3 The BSET instruction is executed designating port 3. [C: After executing BSET] P37 P36 P35 P34 P33 P32 P31 P30 Input/output Input Input Output Output Output Output Output Output Pin state Low level High level Low level Low level Low level Low level Low level High level PCR3 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 PDR3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 [D: Explanation of how BSET operates] When the BSET instruction is executed, first the CPU reads port 3. Since P37 and P36 are input pins, the CPU reads the pin states (low-level and high-level input). P35 to P30 are output pins, so the CPU reads the value in PDR3. In this example PDR3 has a value of H'80, but the value read by the CPU is H'40. Next, the CPU sets bit 0 of the read data to 1, changing the PDR3 data to H'41. Finally, the CPU writes this value (H'41) to PDR3, completing execution of BSET. 54 As a result of this operation, bit 0 in PDR3 becomes 1, and P30 outputs a high-level signal. However, bits 7 and 6 of PDR3 end up with different values. To avoid this problem, store a copy of the PDR3 data in a work area in memory. Perform the bit manipulation on the data in the work area, then write this data to PDR3. [A: Prior to executing BSET] MOV. B MOV. B MOV. B #80, R0L, R0L, R0L @RAM0 @PDR3 The PDR3 value (H'80) is written to a work area in memory (RAM0) as well as to PDR3. P37 P36 P35 P34 P33 P32 P31 P30 Input/output Input Input Output Output Output Output Output Output Pin state Low level High level Low level Low level Low level Low level Low level Low level PCR3 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 PDR3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 RAM0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 [B: BSET instruction executed] BSET #0 , @RAM0 The BSET instruction is executed designating the PDR3 work area (RAM0). [C: After executing BSET] MOV. B MOV. B @RAM0, R0L R0L, @PDR3 The work area (RAM0) value is written to PDR3. P37 P36 P35 P34 P33 P32 P31 P30 Input/output Input Input Output Output Output Output Output Output Pin state Low level High level Low level Low level Low level Low level Low level High level PCR3 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 PDR3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 RAM0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 55 2. Bit manipulation in a register containing a write-only bit Example 3 In this example, the port 3 control register PCR3 is accessed by a BCLR instruction. As in the examples above, P37 and P36 are input pins, with a low-level signal input at P37 and a high-level signal at P36. The remaining pins, P35 to P30, are output pins that output low-level signals. In this example, the BCLR instruction is used to change pin P30 to an input port. It is assumed that a high-level signal will be input to this input pin. [A: Prior to executing BCLR] P37 P36 P35 P34 P33 P32 P31 P30 Input/output Input Input Output Output Output Output Output Output Pin state Low level High level Low level Low level Low level Low level Low level Low level PCR3 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 PDR3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 [B: BCLR instruction executed] BCLR #0 , @PCR3 The BCLR instruction is executed designating PCR3. [C: After executing BCLR] P37 P36 P35 P34 P33 P32 P31 P30 Input/output Output Output Output Output Output Output Output Input Pin state Low level High level Low level Low level Low level Low level Low level High level PCR3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 PDR3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 56 [D: Explanation of how BCLR operates] When the BCLR instruction is executed, first the CPU reads PCR3. Since PCR3 is a write-only register, the CPU reads a value of H'FF, even though the PCR3 value is actually H'3F. Next, the CPU clears bit 0 in the read data to 0, changing the data to H'FE. Finally, this value (H'FE) is written to PCR3 and BCLR instruction execution ends. As a result of this operation, bit 0 in PCR3 becomes 0, making P30 an input port. However, bits 7 and 6 in PCR3 change to 1, so that P37 and P36 change from input pins to output pins. To avoid this problem, store a copy of the PCR3 data in a work area in memory. Perform the bit manipulation on the data in the work area, then write this data to PCR3. [A: Prior to executing BCLR] MOV. B MOV. B MOV. B #3F, R0L, R0L, R0L @RAM0 @PCR3 The PCR3 value (H'3F) is written to a work area in memory (RAM0) as well as to PCR3. P37 P36 P35 P34 P33 P32 P31 P30 Input/output Input Input Output Output Output Output Output Output Pin state Low level High level Low level Low level Low level Low level Low level Low level PCR3 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 PDR3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 RAM0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 [B: BCLR instruction executed] BCLR #0 , @RAM0 The BCLR instruction is executed designating the PCR3 work area (RAM0). 57 [C: After executing BCLR] MOV. B MOV. B @RAM0, R0L R0L, @PCR3 The work area (RAM0) value is written to PCR3. P37 P36 P35 P34 P33 P32 P31 P30 Input/output Input Input Output Output Output Output Output Output Pin state Low level High level Low level Low level Low level Low level Low level High level PCR3 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 PDR3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 RAM0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 The tables below list registers that share the same address, and registers that contain write-only bits. Registers with shared addresses Register Name Abbreviation Address Port data register 1* PDR1 H'FFD4 Port data register 2* PDR2 H'FFD5 Port data register 3* PDR3 H'FFD6 Port data register 4* PDR4 H'FFD7 Port data register 5* PDR5 H'FFD8 Port data register 6* PDR6 H'FFD9 Port data register 7* PDR7 H'FFDA Port data register 8* PDR8 H'FFDB Port data register 9* PDR9 H'FFDC Port data register A* PDRA H'FFDD Note: * These port registers are used also for pin input. 58 Registers with write-only bits Register Name Abbreviation Address Port control register 1 PCR1 H'FFE4 Port control register 2 PCR2 H'FFE5 Port control register 3 PCR3 H'FFE6 Port control register 4 PCR4 H'FFE7 Port control register 5 PCR5 H'FFE8 Port control register 6 PCR6 H'FFE9 Port control register 7 PCR7 H'FFEA Port control register 8 PCR8 H'FFEB Port control register 9 PCR9 H'FFEC Port control register A PCRA H'FFED Timer control register F TCRF H'FFB6 2.9.3 Notes on Use of the EEPMOV Instruction • The EEPMOV instruction is a block data transfer instruction. It moves the number of bytes specified by R4L from the address specified by R5 to the address specified by R6. R5 → ← R6 R5 + R4L → • ← R6 + R4L When setting R4L and R6, make sure that the final destination address (R6 + R4L) does not exceed H'FFFF. The value in R6 must not change from H'FFFF to H'0000 during execution of the instruction. R5 → R5 + R4L → ← R6 H'FFFF Not allowed 59 ← R6 + R4L Section 3 Exception Handling 3.1 Overview Exception handling is performed in the H8/3814 Series when a reset or interrupt occurs. Table 31 shows the priorities of these two types of exception handling. Table 3-1 Exception Handling Types and Priorities Priority Exception Source Time of Start of Exception Handling High Reset Exception handling starts as soon as the reset state is cleared Interrupt When an interrupt is requested, exception handling starts after execution of the present instruction or the exception handling in progress is completed Low 3.2 Reset 3.2.1 Overview A reset is the highest-priority exception. The internal state of the CPU and the registers of the onchip peripheral modules are initialized. 3.2.2 Reset Sequence As soon as the RES pin goes low, all processing is stopped and the H8/3834 enters the reset state. To make sure the chip is reset properly, observe the following precautions. • • At power on: Hold the RES pin low until the clock pulse generator output stabilizes. Resetting during operation: Hold the RES pin low for at least 10 system clock cycles. If the MD0 pin is at the high level, reset exception handling begins when the RES pin is held low for a given period, then returned to the high level. If the MD0 pin is low, however, when the RES pin is held low for a given period and then returned to high level, the reset is not cleared immediately. First the MD0 pin must go from low to high, then after 8,192 clock cycles the reset is cleared and reset exception handling begins. 61 Reset exception handling takes place as follows. • The CPU internal state and the registers of on-chip peripheral modules are initialized, with the I bit of the condition code register (CCR) set to 1. • The PC is loaded from the reset exception handling vector address (H'0000 to H'0001), after which the program starts executing from the address indicated in PC. When system power is turned on or off, the RES pin should be held low. Figures 3-1 and 3-2 show the reset sequence. Reset cleared Program initial instruction prefetch Vector fetch Internal processing RES MD0 High ø Internal address bus (1) (2) Internal read signal Internal write signal Internal data bus (16-bit) (2) (1) Reset exception handling vector address (H'0000) (2) Program start address (3) First instruction of program Figure 3-1 Reset Sequence (when MD0 Pin is High) 62 (3) Reset cleared Program initial instruction prefetch Vector fetch Internal processing RES MD0 ø 8,192 clock cycles Internal address bus (2) (1) Internal read signal Internal write signal Internal data bus (16-bit) (2) (3) (1) Reset exception handling vector address (H'0000) (2) Program start address (3) First instruction of program Figure 3-2 Reset Sequence (when MD0 Pin is Low) 3.2.3 Interrupt Immediately after Reset After a reset, if an interrupt were to be accepted before the stack pointer (SP: R7) was initialized, PC and CCR would not be pushed onto the stack correctly, resulting in program runaway. To prevent this, immediately after reset exception handling all interrupts are masked. For this reason, the initial program instruction is always executed immediately after a reset. This instruction should initialize the stack pointer (e.g. MOV.W #xx: 16, SP). 63 3.3 Interrupts 3.3.1 Overview The interrupt sources include 13 external interrupts (WKP0 to WKP7, IRQ0 to IRQ4), and 16 internal interrupts from on-chip peripheral modules. Table 3-2 shows the interrupt sources, their priorities, and their vector addresses. When more than one interrupt is requested, the interrupt with the highest priority is processed. The interrupts have the following features: • Both internal and external interrupts can be masked by the I bit of CCR. When this bit is set to 1, interrupt request flags are set but interrupts are not accepted. • The external interrupt pins IRQ0 to IRQ4 can each be set independently to either rising edge sensing or falling edge sensing. Table 3-2 Interrupt Sources and Priorities Priority Interrupt Source Interrupt Vector Number Vector Address High RES Reset 0 H'0000 to H'0001 IRQ0 IRQ0 4 H'0008 to H'0009 IRQ1 IRQ1 5 H'000A to H'000B IRQ2 IRQ2 6 H'000C to H'000D IRQ3 IRQ3 7 H'000E to H'000F IRQ4 IRQ4 8 H'0010 to H'0011 WKP0 WKP0 9 H'0012 to H'0013 WKP1 WKP1 WKP2 WKP2 WKP3 WKP3 WKP4 WKP4 WKP5 WKP5 WKP6 WKP6 WKP7 WKP7 SCI1 SCI1 transfer complete 10 Low 64 H'0014 to H'0015 Table 3-2 Interrupt Sources and Priorities (cont) Priority Interrupt Source Interrupt Vector Number Vector Address High Timer A Timer A overflow 11 H'0016 to H'0017 Timer FL Timer FL compare match 14 H'001C to H'001D 15 H'001E to H'001F 16 H'0020 to H'0021 18 H'0024 to H'0025 Timer FL overflow Timer FH Timer FH compare match Timer FH overflow Timer G Timer G input capture Timer G overflow SCI3 SCI3 transmit end SCI3 transmit data empty SCI3 receive data full SCI3 overrun error SCI3 framing error SCI3 parity error Low A/D converter A/D conversion end 19 H'0026 to H'0027 (SLEEP instruction executed) Direct transfer 20 H'0028 to H'0029 Note: Vector addresses H'0002 to H'0007 are reserved and cannot be used. 65 3.3.2 Interrupt Control Registers Table 3-3 lists the registers that control interrupts. Table 3-3 Interrupt Control Registers Register Name Abbreviation R/W Initial Value Address IRQ edge select register IEGR R/W H'E0 H'FFF2 Interrupt enable register 1 IENR1 R/W H'00 H'FFF3 Interrupt enable register 2 IENR2 R/W H'00 H'FFF4 Interrupt request register 1 IRR1 R/W* H'20 H'FFF6 Interrupt request register 2 IRR2 R/W* H'00 H'FFF7 Wakeup interrupt request register IWPR R/W* H'00 H'FFF9 Note: * Write is enabled only for writing of 0 to clear a flag. 1. IRQ edge select register (IEGR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — IEG4 IEG3 IEG2 IEG1 IEG0 Initial value 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W IEGR is an 8-bit read/write register, used to designate whether pins IRQ0 to IRQ4 are set to rising edge sensing or falling edge sensing. Bits 7 to 5: Reserved bits Bits 7 to 5 are reserved; they are always read as 1, and cannot be modified. Bit 4: IRQ4 edge select (IEG4) Bit 4 selects the input sensing of pin IRQ4/ADTRG. Bit 4 IEG4 Description 0 Falling edge of IRQ4/ADTRG pin input is detected 1 Rising edge of IRQ4/ADTRG pin input is detected 66 (initial value) Bit 3: IRQ3 edge select (IEG3) Bit 3 selects the input sensing of pin IRQ3/TMIF. Bit 3 IEG3 Description 0 Falling edge of IRQ3/TMIF pin input is detected 1 Rising edge of IRQ3/TMIF pin input is detected (initial value) Bit 2: IRQ2 edge select (IEG2) Bit 2 selects the input sensing of pin IRQ2. Bit 2 IEG2 Description 0 Falling edge of IRQ2 pin input is detected 1 Rising edge of IRQ2 pin input is detected (initial value) Bit 1: IRQ1 edge select (IEG1) Bit 1 selects the input sensing of pin IRQ1. Bit 1 IEG1 Description 0 Falling edge of IRQ1 pin input is detected 1 Rising edge of IRQ1 pin input is detected (initial value) Bit 0: IRQ0 edge select (IEG0) Bit 0 selects the input sensing of pin IRQ0. Bit 0 IEG0 Description 0 Falling edge of IRQ0 pin input is detected 1 Rising edge of IRQ0 pin input is detected 67 (initial value) 2. Interrupt enable register 1 (IENR1) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 IENTA IENS1 IENWP IEN4 IEN3 IEN2 IEN1 IEN0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W IENR1 is an 8-bit read/write register that enables or disables interrupt requests. Bit 7: Timer A interrupt enable (IENTA) Bit 7 enables or disables timer A overflow interrupt requests. Bit 7 IENTA Description 0 Disables timer A interrupts 1 Enables timer A interrupts (initial value) Bit 6: SCI1 interrupt enable (IENS1) Bit 6 enables or disables SCI1 transfer complete interrupt requests. Bit 6 IENS1 Description 0 Disables SCI1 interrupts 1 Enables SCI1 interrupts (initial value) Bit 5: Wakeup interrupt enable (IENWP) Bit 5 enables or disables WKP7 to WKP0 interrupt requests. Bit 5 IENWP Description 0 Disables interrupt requests from WKP7 to WKP0 1 Enables interrupt requests from WKP7 to WKP0 68 (initial value) Bits 4 to 0: IRQ4 to IRQ0 interrupt enable (IEN4 to IEN0) Bits 4 to 0 enable or disable IRQ4 to IRQ0 interrupt requests. Bit n IENn Description 0 Disables interrupt request IRQn 1 Enables interrupt request IRQn (initial value) (n = 4 to 0) 3. Interrupt Enable Register 2 (IENR2) Bit 7 6 5 4 IENDT IENAD — IENTG 3 2 IENTFH IENTFL 1 0 — — Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W IENR2 is an 8-bit read/write register that enables or disables interrupt requests. Bit 7: Direct transfer interrupt enable (IENDT) Bit 7 enables or disables direct transfer interrupt requests. Bit 7 IENDT Description 0 Disables direct transfer interrupt requests 1 Enables direct transfer interrupt requests (initial value) Bit 6: A/D converter interrupt enable (IENAD) Bit 6 enables or disables A/D converter interrupt requests. Bit 6 IENAD Description 0 Disables A/D converter interrupt requests 1 Enables A/D converter interrupt requests 69 (initial value) Bit 5: Reserved bit Bit 5 is reserved; it can be read and written. Bit 4: Timer G interrupt enable (IENTG) Bit 4 enables or disables timer G input capture and overflow interrupt requests. Bit 4 IENTG Description 0 Disables timer G interrupts 1 Enables timer G interrupts (initial value) Bit 3: Timer FH interrupt enable (IENTFH) Bit 3 enables or disables timer FH compare match and overflow interrupt requests. Bit 3 IENTFH Description 0 Disables timer FH interrupts 1 Enables timer FH interrupts (initial value) Bit 2: Timer FL interrupt enable (IENTFL) Bit 2 enables or disables timer FL compare match and overflow interrupt requests. Bit 2 IENTFL Description 0 Disables timer FL interrupts 1 Enables timer FL interrupts (initial value) Bit 1, 0: Reserved bits Bit 1, 0 are reserved; they can be read and written. SCI3 interrupt control is covered in 10.3.2, in the description of serial control register 3. 70 4. Interrupt request register 1 (IRR1) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 IRRTA IRRS1 — IRRI4 IRRI3 IRRI2 IRRI1 IRRI0 Initial value 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W* R/W* — R/W* R/W* R/W* R/W* R/W* Note: * Only a write of 0 for flag clearing is possible. IRR1 is an 8-bit read/write register, in which the corresponding bit is set to 1 when a timer A, SCI1, or IRQ4 to IRQ0 interrupt is requested. The flags are not cleared automatically when an interrupt is accepted. It is necessary to write 0 to clear each flag. Bit 7: Timer A interrupt request flag (IRRTA) Bit 7 IRRTA Description 0 Clearing conditions: When IRRTA = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 1 Setting conditions: When the timer A counter value overflows (goes from H'FF to H'00) (initial value) Bit 6: SCI1 interrupt request flag (IRRS1) Bit 6 IRRS1 Description 0 Clearing conditions: When IRRS1 = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 1 Setting conditions: When an SCI1 transfer is completed Bit 5: Reserved bit Bit 5 is reserved; it is always read as 1, and cannot be modified. 71 (initial value) Bits 4 to 0: IRQ4 to IRQ0 interrupt request flags (IRRI4 to IRRI0) Bit n IRRIn Description 0 Clearing conditions: When IRRIn = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 to IRRIn. (initial value) 1 Setting conditions: IRRIn is set when pin IRQn is set to interrupt input, and the designated signal edge is detected. (n = 4 to 0) 5. Interrupt request register 2 (IRR2) Bit 7 6 5 4 IRRDT IRRAD — IRRTG Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * 3 1 0 — — 0 0 0 R/W * R/W * R/W * 2 IRRTFH IRRTFL Note: * Only a write of 0 for flag clearing is possible. IRR2 is an 8-bit read/write register, in which the corresponding bit is set to 1 when a direct transfer, A/D converter, timer G, timer FH, or timer FL interrupt is requested. The flags are not cleared automatically when an interrupt is accepted. It is necessary to write 0 to clear each flag. Bit 7: Direct transfer interrupt request flag (IRRDT) Bit 7 IRRDT Description 0 Clearing conditions: When IRRDT = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 (initial value) 1 Setting conditions: When DTON = 1 and a direct transfer is made immediately after a SLEEP instruction is executed Bit 6: A/D converter interrupt request flag (IRRAD) Bit 6 IRRAD Description 0 Clearing conditions: When IRRAD = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 1 Setting conditions: When A/D conversion is completed and ADSF is reset 72 (initial value) Bit 5: Reserved bit Bit 5 is reserved; it is always read as 0, and cannot be modified. Bit 4: Timer G interrupt request flag (IRRTG) Bit 4 IRRTG Description 0 Clearing conditions: When IRRTG = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 (initial value) 1 Setting conditions: When pin TMIG is set to TMIG input and the designated signal edge is detected Bit 3: Timer FH interrupt request flag (IRRTFH) Bit 3 IRRTFH Description 0 Clearing conditions: When IRRTFH = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 (initial value) 1 Setting conditions: When counter FH matches output compare register FH in 8-bit timer mode, or when 16-bit counter F (TCFL, TCFH) matches output compare register F (OCRFL, OCRFH) in 16-bit timer mode Bit 2: Timer FL interrupt request flag (IRRTFL) Bit 2 IRRTFL Description 0 Clearing conditions: When IRRTFL = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 1 Setting conditions: When counter FL matches output compare register FL in 8-bit timer mode Bit 1, 0: Reserved bits Bit 1, 0 are reserved; they are always read as 0, and cannot be modified. 73 (initial value) 6. Wakeup interrupt request register (IWPR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 IWPF7 IWPF6 IWPF5 IWPF4 IWPF3 IWPF2 IWPF1 IWPF0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * Note: * Only a write of 0 for flag clearing is possible. IWPR is an 8-bit read/write register, in which the corresponding bit is set to 1 when pins WKP7 to WKP0 are set to wakeup input and a pin receives a falling edge input. The flags are not cleared automatically when an interrupt is accepted. It is necessary to write 0 to clear each flag. Bits 7 to 0: Wakeup interrupt request flags (WKPF7 to WKPF0) Bit n IWPFn Description 0 Clearing conditions: When IWPFn = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 to IWPFn. 1 Setting conditions: IWPFn is set when pin WKPn is set to wakeup interrupt input, and a falling edge input is detected at the pin. (n = 7 to 0) 3.3.3 External Interrupts There are 13 external interrupts, WKP0 to WKP7 and IRQ0 to IRQ4. 1. Interrupts WKP0 to WKP7 Interrupts WKP0 to WKP7 are requested by falling edge inputs at pins WKP0 to WKP7. When these pins are designated as WKP0 to WKP7 pins in port mode register 5 (PMR5) and falling edge input is detected, the corresponding bit in the wakeup interrupt request register (IWPR) is set to 1, requesting an interrupt. Wakeup interrupt requests can be disabled by clearing the IENWP bit in IENR1 to 0. It is also possible to mask all interrupts by setting the CCR I bit to 1. When an interrupt exception handling request is received for interrupts WKP0 to WKP7, the CCR I bit is set to 1. The vector number for interrupts WKP0 to WKP7 is 9. Since all eight interrupts are assigned the same vector number, the interrupt source must be determined by the exception handling routine. 74 2. Interrupts IRQ0 to IRQ4 Interrupts IRQ0 to IRQ4 are requested by into pins inputs to IRQ0 to IRQ4. These interrupts are detected by either rising edge sensing or falling edge sensing, depending on the settings of bits IEG0 to IEG4 in the edge select register (IEGR). When these pins are designated as pins IRQ0 to IRQ4 in port mode registers 1 and 2 (PMR1 and PMR2) and the designated edge is input, the corresponding bit in IRR1 is set to 1, requesting an interrupt. Interrupts IRQ0 to IRQ4 can be disabled by clearing bits IEN0 to IEN4 in IENR1 to 0. All interrupts can be masked by setting the I bit in CCR to 1. When IRQ0 to IRQ4 interrupt exception handling is initiated, the I bit is set to 1. Vector numbers 4 to 8 are assigned to interrupts IRQ0 to IRQ4. The order of priority is from IRQ0 (high) to IRQ4 (low). Table 3-2 gives details. 3.3.4 Internal Interrupts There are 16 internal interrupts that can be requested by the on-chip peripheral modules. When a peripheral module requests an interrupt, the corresponding bit in IRR1 or IRR2 is set to 1. Individual interrupt requests can be disabled by clearing the corresponding bit in IENR1 or IENR2 to 0. All interrupts can be masked by setting the I bit in CCR to 1. When an internal interrupt request is accepted, the I bit is set to 1. Vector numbers 10 to 20 are assigned to these interrupts. Table 3-2 shows the order of priority of interrupts from on-chip peripheral modules. 75 3.3.5 Interrupt Operations Interrupts are controlled by an interrupt controller. Figure 3-3 shows a block diagram of the interrupt controller. Figure 3-4 shows the flow up to interrupt acceptance. Priority decision logic Interrupt controller External or internal interrupts Interrupt request External interrupts or internal interrupt enable signals I CCR (CPU) Figure 3-3 Block Diagram of Interrupt Controller Interrupt operation is described as follows. • When an interrupt condition is met while the interrupt enable register bit is set to 1, an interrupt request signal is sent to the interrupt controller. • When the interrupt controller receives an interrupt request, it sets the interrupt request flag. • From among the interrupts with interrupt request flags set to 1, the interrupt controller selects the interrupt request with the highest priority and holds the others pending. (Refer to table 3-2 for a list of interrupt priorities.) 76 • The interrupt controller checks the I bit of CCR. If the I bit is 0, the selected interrupt request is accepted; if the I bit is 1, the interrupt request is held pending. • If the interrupt is accepted, after processing of the current instruction is completed, both PC and CCR are pushed onto the stack. The state of the stack at this time is shown in figure 3-5. The PC value pushed onto the stack is the address of the first instruction to be executed upon return from interrupt handling. • The I bit of CCR is set to 1, masking all further interrupts. • The vector address corresponding to the accepted interrupt is generated, and the interrupt handling routine located at the address indicated by the contents of the vector address is executed. Notes: 1. When disabling interrupts by clearing bits in an interrupt enable register, or when clearing bits in an interrupt request register, always do so while interrupts are masked (I = 1). 2. If the above clear operations are performed while I = 0, and as a result a conflict arises between the clear instruction and an interrupt request, exception processing for the interrupt will be executed after the clear instruction has been executed. 77 Program execution state IRRIO = 1 No Yes IENO = 1 No Yes IRRI1 = 1 No Yes IEN1 = 1 No Yes IRRI2 = 1 No Yes IEN2 = 1 No Yes IRRDT = 1 No Yes IENDT = 1 Yes No I=0 Yes PC contents saved CCR contents saved I←1 Branch to interrupt handling routine Notation: PC: Program counter CCR: Condition code register I: I bit of CCR Figure 3-4 Flow up to Interrupt Acceptance 78 No SP – 4 SP (R7) CCR SP – 3 SP + 1 CCR* SP – 2 SP + 2 PCH SP – 1 SP + 3 PCL SP (R7) SP + 4 Even address Stack area Prior to start of interrupt exception handling PC and CCR saved to stack After completion of interrupt exception handling Notation: PCH: Upper 8 bits of program counter (PC) PCL: Lower 8 bits of program counter (PC) CCR: Condition code register SP: Stack pointer Notes: 1. PC shows the address of the first instruction to be executed upon return from the interrupt handling routine. 2. Register contents must always be saved and restored by word access, starting from an even-numbered address. * Ignored on return from interrupt. Figure 3-5 Stack State after Completion of Interrupt Exception Handling Figure 3-6 shows a typical interrupt sequence where the program area is in the on-chip ROM and the stack area is in the on-chip RAM. 79 Figure 3-6 Interrupt Sequence 80 Internal data bus (16 bits) Internal write signal Internal read signal Internal address bus ø Interrupt request signal (4) Instruction prefetch (3) Internal processing (5) (1) Stack access (6) (7) (9) Vector fetch (8) (10) (9) Prefetch instruction of Internal interrupt-handling routine processing (1) Instruction prefetch address (Instruction is not executed. Address is saved as PC contents, becoming return address.) (2)(4) Instruction code (not executed) (3) Instruction prefetch address (Instruction is not executed.) (5) SP – 2 (6) SP – 4 (7) CCR (8) Vector address (9) Starting address of interrupt-handling routine (contents of vector) (10) First instruction of interrupt-handling routine (2) (1) Interrupt level decision and wait for end of instruction Interrupt is accepted 3.3.6 Interrupt Response Time Table 3-4 shows the number of wait states after an interrupt request flag is set until the first instruction of the interrupt handler is executed. Table 3-4 Interrupt Wait States Item States Waiting time for completion of executing instruction* 1 to 13 Saving of PC and CCR to stack 4 Vector fetch 2 Instruction fetch 4 Internal processing 4 Total 15 to 27 Note: * Not including EEPMOV instruction. 81 3.4 Application Notes 3.4.1 Notes on Stack Area Use When word data is accessed in the H8/3834 Series, the least significant bit of the address is regarded as 0. Access to the stack always takes place in word size, so the stack pointer (SP: R7) should never indicate an odd address. Use PUSH Rn (MOV.W Rn, @–SP) or POP Rn (MOV.W @SP+, Rn) to save or restore register values. Setting an odd address in SP may cause a program to crash. An example is shown in figure 3-7. SP → SP → PCH PC L R1L PC L SP → H'FEFC H'FEFD H'FEFF MOV. B R1L, @–R7 BSR instruction SP set to H'FEFF Stack accessed beyond SP Contents of PCH are lost Notation: PCH: Upper byte of program counter PCL: Lower byte of program counter R1L: General register R1L SP: Stack pointer Figure 3-7 Operation when Odd Address is Set in SP When CCR contents are saved to the stack during interrupt exception handling or restored when RTE is executed, this also takes place in word size. Both the upper and lower bytes of word data are saved to the stack; on return, the even address contents are restored to CCR while the odd address contents are ignored. 82 3.4.2 Notes on Rewriting Port Mode Registers When a port mode register is rewritten to switch the functions of external interrupt pins, the following points should be observed. When an external interrupt pin function is switched by rewriting the port mode register that controls these pins (IRQ4 to IRQ0, and WKP7 to WKP0), the interrupt request flag may be set to 1 at the time the pin function is switched, even if no valid interrupt is input at the pin. Be sure to clear the interrupt request flag to 0 after switching pin functions. Table 3-5 shows the conditions under which interrupt request flags are set to 1 in this way. Table 3-5 Conditions under which Interrupt Request Flag is Set to 1 Interrupt Request Flags Set to 1 IRR1 IRRI4 Conditions • When PMR2 bit IRQ4 is changed from 0 to 1 while pin IRQ4 is low and IEGR bit IEG4 = 0. • When PMR2 bit IRQ4 is changed from 1 to 0 while pin IRQ4 is low and IEGR bit IEG4 = 1. IRRI3 • When PMR1 bit IRQ3 is changed from 0 to 1 while pin IRQ3 is low and IEGR bit IEG3 = 0. • When PMR1 bit IRQ3 is changed from 1 to 0 while pin IRQ3 is low and IEGR bit IEG3 = 1. IRRI2 • When PMR1 bit IRQ2 is changed from 0 to 1 while pin IRQ2 is low and IEGR bit IEG2 = 0. • When PMR1 bit IRQ2 is changed from 1 to 0 while pin IRQ2 is low and IEGR bit IEG2 = 1. IRRI1 • When PMR1 bit IRQ1 is changed from 0 to 1 while pin IRQ1 is low and IEGR bit IEG1 = 0. • When PMR1 bit IRQ1 is changed from 1 to 0 while pin IRQ1 is low and IEGR bit IEG1 = 1. IRRI0 • When PMR2 bit IRQ0 is changed from 0 to 1 while pin IRQ0 is low and IEGR bit IEG0 = 0. • When PMR2 bit IRQ0 is changed from 1 to 0 while pin IRQ0 is low and IEGR bit IEG0 = 1. 83 Table 3-5 Conditions under which Interrupt Request Flag is Set to 1 (cont) Interrupt Request Flags Set to 1 Conditions IWPR IWPF7 When PMR5 bit WKP7 is changed from 0 to 1 while pin WKP7 is low IWPF6 When PMR5 bit WKP6 is changed from 0 to 1 while pin WKP6 is low IWPF5 When PMR5 bit WKP5 is changed from 0 to 1 while pin WKP5 is low IWPF4 When PMR5 bit WKP4 is changed from 0 to 1 while pin WKP4 is low IWPF3 When PMR5 bit WKP3 is changed from 0 to 1 while pin WKP3 is low IWPF2 When PMR5 bit WKP2 is changed from 0 to 1 while pin WKP2 is low IWPF1 When PMR5 bit WKP1 is changed from 0 to 1 while pin WKP1 is low IWPF0 When PMR5 bit WKP0 is changed from 0 to 1 while pin WKP0 is low Figure 3-8 shows the procedure for setting a bit in a port mode register and clearing the interrupt request flag. When switching a pin function, mask the interrupt before setting the bit in the port mode register. After accessing the port mode register, execute at least one instruction (e.g., NOP), then clear the interrupt request flag from 1 to 0. If the instruction to clear the flag is executed immediately after the port mode register access without executing an intervening instruction, the flag will not be cleared. An alternative method is to avoid the setting of interrupt request flags when pin functions are switched by keeping the pins at the high level so that the conditions in table 3-5 do not occur. Interrupts masked. (Another possibility is to disable the relevant interrupt in interrupt enable register 1.) CCR I bit ← 1 Set port mode register bit After setting the port mode register bit, first execute at least one instruction (e.g., NOP), then clear the interrupt request flag to 0 Execute NOP instruction Clear interrupt request flag to 0 CCR I bit ← 0 Interrupt mask cleared Figure 3-8 Port Mode Register Setting and Interrupt Request Flag Clearing Procedure 84 Section 4 Clock Pulse Generators 4.1 Overview Clock oscillator circuitry (CPG: clock pulse generator) is provided on-chip, including both a system clock pulse generator and a subclock pulse generator. The system clock pulse generator consists of a system clock oscillator and system clock dividers. The subclock pulse generator consists of a subclock oscillator circuit and a subclock divider. 4.1.1 Block Diagram Figure 4-1 shows a block diagram of the clock pulse generators. OSC 1 OSC 2 System clock oscillator ø OSC (f OSC) øOSC/2 System clock divider (1/2) System clock øOSC/16 divider (1/8) Prescaler S (13 bits) System clock pulse generator X1 X2 Subclock oscillator øW Subclock divider (f W ) (1/2, 1/4, 1/8) ø øW /2 øW /4 øW /8 øW øSUB Prescaler W (5 bits) Subclock pulse generator ø/2 to ø/8192 øW /2 øW /4 øW /8 to øW /128 Figure 4-1 Block Diagram of Clock Pulse Generators 4.1.2 System Clock and Subclock The basic clock signals that drive the CPU and on-chip peripheral modules are ø and øSUB. Four of the clock signals have names: ø is the system clock, øSUB is the subclock, øOSC is the oscillator clock, and øW is the watch clock. The clock signals available for use by peripheral modules are ø/2, ø/4, ø/8, ø/16, ø/32, ø/64, ø/128, ø/256, ø/512, ø/1024, ø/2048, ø/4096, ø/8192, øW, øW/2, øW/4, øW/8, øW/16, øW/32, øW/64, and øW/128. The clock requirements differ from one module to another. 85 4.2 System Clock Generator Clock pulse can be supplied to the system clock divider either by connecting a crystal or ceramic oscillator, or by providing external clock input. 1. Connecting a crystal oscillator Figure 4-2 shows a typical method of connecting a crystal oscillator. C1 OSC 1 Rf R f = 1 MΩ ±20% C1 = C 2 = 12 pF ±20% OSC 2 C2 Figure 4-2 Typical Connection to Crystal Oscillator Figure 4-3 shows the equivalent circuit of a crystal oscillator. An oscillator having the characteristics given in table 4-1 should be used. CS LS RS OSC 1 OSC 2 C0 Figure 4-3 Equivalent Circuit of Crystal Oscillator Table 4-1 Crystal Oscillator Parameters Frequency (MHz) 2 4 8 10 Rs max (Ω) 500 100 50 30 Co (pF) 7 pF max 86 2. Connecting a ceramic oscillator Figure 4-4 shows a typical method of connecting a ceramic oscillator. C1 OSC 1 Rf R f = 1 MΩ ±20% C1 = 30 pF ±10% C2 = 30 pF ±10% Ceramic oscillator: Murata OSC 2 C2 Figure 4-4 Typical Connection to Ceramic Oscillator 3. Notes on board design When generating clock pulses by connecting a crystal or ceramic oscillator, pay careful attention to the following points. Avoid running signal lines close to the oscillator circuit, since the oscillator may be adversely affected by induction currents. (See figure 4-5.) The board should be designed so that the oscillator and load capacitors are located as close as possible to pins OSC1 and OSC2. To be avoided Signal A Signal B C1 OSC 1 OSC 2 C2 Figure 4-5 Board Design of Oscillator Circuit 87 4. External clock input method Connect an external clock signal to pin OSC1, and leave pin OSC2 open. Figure 4-6 shows a typical connection. OSC 1 OSC 2 External clock input Open Figure 4-6 External Clock Input (Example) Frequency Oscillator Clock (øOSC) Duty cycle 45% to 55% 88 4.3 Subclock Generator 1. Connecting a 32.768-kHz crystal oscillator Clock pulses can be supplied to the subclock divider by connecting a 32.768-kHz crystal oscillator, as shown in figure 4-7. Follow the same precautions as noted under 4.2.3 for the system clock. C1 X1 X2 C1 = C 2 = 15 pF (typ.) C2 Figure 4-7 Typical Connection to 32.768-kHz Crystal Oscillator (Subclock) Figure 4-8 shows the equivalent circuit of the 32.768-kHz crystal oscillator. CS LS RS X1 X2 C0 C0 = 1.5 pF typ RS = 14 k Ω typ f W = 32.768 kHz Crystal oscillator: MX38T (Nihon Denpa Kogyo) Figure 4-8 Equivalent Circuit of 32.768-kHz Crystal Oscillator 89 2. Inputting an external clock (H8/3812S, H8/3813S, H8/3814S only) (1) Circuit configuration An external clock is input to the X1 pin. The X2 pin should be left open. An example of the connection in this case is shown in figure 4-9. External clock input X1 X2 Open Figure 4-9 Example of Connection when Inputting an External Clock (2) External clock Input a square waveform to the X1 pin. When using the CPU, timer A, timer C, timer G, or an LCD, with a subclock (øw) clock selected, do not stop the clock supply to the X1 pin. txH VIH VIL txL txr txf Figure 4-10 External Subclock Timing The DC characteristics and timing of an external clock input to the X1 pin are shown in table 4-2. 90 Table 4-2 DC Charactecteristics and Timing (VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to + 75°C, unless otherwise specified, including subactive mode) Values Applicable Test Symbol Pin Conditions Min Typ Max Input high voltage VIH VCC –0.3 — VCC +0.3 V Input low voltage VIL –0.3 — 0.3 External subclock rise time txr — — 100 External subclock fall time txf — — 100 External subclock fx oscillation frequency — 32.768 — kHz External subclock high width txH 12.0 — — µs External subclock low width txL 12.0 — — µs Item 3. X1 Unit ns Notes Figure 4.10 Figure 4.10 Figure 4.10 Pin connection when not using subclock When the subclock is not used, connect pin X1 to VCC and leave pin X2 open, as shown in figure 4-11. VCC X1 X2 Open Figure 4-11 Pin Connection when not Using Subclock 91 4.4 Prescalers The H8/3814 Series is equipped with two on-chip prescalers having different input clocks (prescaler S and prescaler W). Prescaler S is a 13-bit counter using the system clock (ø) as its input clock. Its prescaled outputs provide internal clock signals for on-chip peripheral modules. Prescaler W is a 5-bit counter using a 32.768-kHz signal divided by 4 (øW/4) as its input clock. Its prescaled outputs are used by timer A as a time base for timekeeping. 1. Prescaler S (PSS) Prescaler S is a 13-bit counter using the system clock (ø) as its input clock. It is incremented once per clock period. Prescaler S is initialized to H'0000 by a reset, and starts counting on exit from the reset state. In standby mode, watch mode, subactive mode, and subsleep mode, the system clock pulse generator stops. Prescaler S also stops and is initialized to H'0000. The CPU cannot read or write prescaler S. The output from prescaler S is shared by timer A, timer B, timer C, timer F, timer G, SCI1, SCI2, SCI3, the A/D converter, LCD controller, and 14-bit PWM. The divider ratio can be set separately for each on-chip peripheral function. In active (medium-speed) mode the clock input to prescaler S is øOSC/16. 2. Prescaler W (PSW) Prescaler W is a 5-bit counter using a 32.768 kHz signal divided by 4 (øW/4) as its input clock. Prescaler W is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and starts counting on exit from the reset state. Even in standby mode, watch mode, subactive mode, or subsleep mode, prescaler W continues functioning so long as clock signals are supplied to pins X1 and X2. Prescaler W can be reset by setting 1s in bits TMA3 and TMA2 of timer mode register A (TMA). Output from prescaler W can be used to drive timer A, in which case timer A functions as a time base for timekeeping. 92 4.5 Note on Oscillators Oscillator characteristics of both the masked ROM and ZTAT™ versions are closely related to board design and should be carefully evaluated by the user, referring to the examples shown in this section. Oscillator circuit constants will differ depending on the oscillator element, stray capacitance in its interconnecting circuit, and other factors. Suitable constants should be determined in consultation with the oscillator element manufacturer. Design the circuit so that the oscillator element never receives voltages exceeding its maximum rating. 93 Section 5 Power-Down Modes 5.1 Overview The H8/3814 Series has seven modes of operation after a reset. These include six power-down modes, in which power dissipation is significantly reduced. Table 5-1 gives a summary of the seven operation modes. All but the active (high-speed) mode are power-down modes. Table 5-1 Operation Modes Operating Mode Description Active (high-speed) mode The CPU runs on the system clock, executing program instructions at high speed Active (medium-speed) mode The CPU runs on the system clock, executing program instructions at reduced speed Subactive mode The CPU runs on the subclock, executing program instructions at reduced speed Sleep mode The CPU halts. On-chip peripheral modules continue to operate on the system clock. Subsleep mode The CPU halts. timer A, timer G, and the LCD controller/driver continue to operate on the subclock. Watch mode The CPU halts. The time-base function of timer A and the LCD controller/driver continue to operate on the subclock. Standby mode The CPU and all on-chip peripheral modules stop operating In this section the two active modes (high-speed and medium-speed) are referred to collectively as active mode. 95 Figure 5-1 shows the transitions among these operation modes. Table 5-2 indicates the internal states in each mode. Program execution state Program halt state Reset state LSON = 0, MSON = 0 Program halt state n ct io st ru EE *4 *1 SSBY = 0, LSON = 0 SL n *3 st ru ct io SSBY = 1, TMA3 = 0, LSON = 0 P in P ion EE uct SL str in Active (high-speed) mode io n 1 n io ru on TO cti D u str in P Watch mode in st Active (medium-speed) mode *1 N D *3 *4 SSBY = 1, TMA3 = 1 TO LSON = 0, MSON = 1 Sleep mode P ct 1 EE ru = SL in st = N SL P EE P EE ct in SL Standby mode E LE N S = 1 TO D *1 SL LSON = 1, TMA3 = 1 EE P in st ru ct io n SSBY = 0, LSON = 1, TMA3 = 1 SLEEP instruction Subactive mode Subsleep mode *2 Power-down mode : Transition caused by exception handling A transition between different modes cannot be made to occur simply because an interrupt request is generated. Make sure that the interrupt is accepted and interrupt handling is performed. Details on the mode transition conditions are given in the explanations of each mode, in sections 5.2 through 5.8. Notes: 1. 2. 3. 4. Timer A interrupt, IRQ 0 interrupt, WKP0 to WKP7 interrupts Timer A interrupt, timer G interrupt, IRQ 0 to IRQ 4 interrupts, WKP0 to WKP7 interrupts All interrupts IRQ 0 interrupt, IRQ 1 interrupt, WKP0 to WKP7 interrupts Figure 5-1 Operation Mode Transition Diagram 96 Table 5-2 Internal State in Each Operation Mode Active Mode High Speed Medium Speed Sleep Mode Watch Mode Subactive Subsleep Mode Mode Standby Mode System clock oscillator Functions Functions Functions Halted Halted Halted Halted Subclock oscillator Functions Functions Functions Functions Functions Functions Functions CPU Instructions Functions operation RAM Functions Halted Halted Functions Halted Halted Retained Retained Retained Retained Function Registers Retained*1 I/O External IRQ0 interrupts IRQ 1 Functions Functions Functions Functions Functions Functions Functions Retained*5 Retained*5 IRQ2 IRQ3 IRQ4 WKP0 Functions Functions Functions Functions Functions Functions Functions Functions Functions Functions WKP1 WKP2 WKP3 WKP4 WKP5 WKP6 WKP7 Peripheral Timer A module Timer F functions Timer G SCI1 Retained Retained Functions/ Functions/ Retained*2 Retained*2 Functions Functions Functions SCI3 Notes: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Functions*4 Functions*4 Functions*4 Retained Retained Retained Retained Retained Retained Reset Reset Reset Reset Retained Retained Retained A/D Functions Functions Functions Retained LCD Functions Functions Functions Functions/ Functions/ Functions/ Retained Retained*3 Retained*3 Retained*3 Register contents held; high-impedance output. Functions only if øW/2 internal clock is selected; otherwise halted and retained. Functions only if øW or øW/2 internal clock is selected; otherwise halted and retained. Functions when timekeeping time-base function is selected. External interrupt requests are ignored. The interrupt request register contents are not affected. 97 5.1.1 System Control Registers The operation mode is selected using the system control registers described in table 5-3. Table 5-3 System Control Register Name Abbreviation R/W Initial Value Address System control register 1 SYSCR1 R/W H'07 H'FFF0 System control register 2 SYSCR2 R/W H'E0 H'FFF1 1. System control register 1 (SYSCR1) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SSBY STS2 STS1 STS0 LSON — — — Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W — — — SYSCR1 is an 8-bit read/write register for control of the power-down modes. Bit 7: Software standby (SSBY) This bit designates transition to standby mode or watch mode. Bit 7 SSBY 0 Description • When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active mode, a transition is made to sleep mode. (initial value) • When a SLEEP instruction is executed in subactive mode, a transition is made to subsleep mode. 1 • When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active mode, a transition is made to standby mode or watch mode. • When a SLEEP instruction is executed in subactive mode, a transition is made to watch mode. Bits 6 to 4: Standby timer select 2 to 0 (STS2 to STS0) These bits designate the time the CPU and peripheral modules wait for stable clock operation after exiting from standby mode or watch mode to active mode due to an interrupt. The designation should be made according to the clock frequency so that the waiting time is at least 10 ms. 98 Bit 6 STS2 Bit 5 STS1 Bit 4 STS0 Description 0 0 0 Wait time = 8,192 states 0 0 1 Wait time = 16,384 states 0 1 0 Wait time = 32,768 states 0 1 1 Wait time = 65,536 states 1 * * Wait time = 131,072 states (initial value) Note: * Don’t care Bit 3: Low speed on flag (LSON) This bit chooses the system clock (ø) or subclock (øSUB) as the CPU operating clock when watch mode is cleared. The resulting operation mode depends on the combination of other control bits and interrupt input. Bit 3 LSON Description 0 The CPU operates on the system clock (ø) 1 The CPU operates on the subclock (øSUB) (initial value) Bits 2 to 0: Reserved bits These bits are reserved; they are always read as 1, and cannot be modified. 2. System control register 2 (SYSCR2) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — NESEL DTON MSON SA1 SA0 Initial value 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W SYSCR2 is an 8-bit read/write register for power-down mode control. Bits 7 to 5: Reserved bits These bits are reserved; they are always read as 1, and cannot be modified. Bit 4: Noise elimination sampling frequency select (NESEL) This bit selects the frequency at which the watch clock signal (øW) generated by the subclock pulse generator is sampled, in relation to the oscillator clock (øOSC) generated by the system clock pulse generator. When øOSC = 2 to 10 MHz, clear NESEL to 0. 99 Bit 4 NESEL Description 0 Sampling rate is øOSC/16 1 Sampling rate is øOSC/4 Bit 3: Direct transfer on flag (DTON) This bit designates whether or not to make direct transitions among active (high-speed), active (medium-speed) and subactive mode when a SLEEP instruction is executed. The mode to which the transition is made after the SLEEP instruction is executed depends on a combination of this and other control bits. Bit 3 DTON 0 Description When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active mode, a transition is made to standby mode, watch mode, or sleep mode. (initial value) When a SLEEP instruction is executed in subactive mode, a transition is made to watch mode or subsleep mode. 1 When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active (high-speed) mode, a direct transition is made to active (medium-speed) mode if SSBY = 0, MSON = 1, and LSON = 0, or to subactive mode if SSBY = 1, TMA3 = 1, and LSON = 1. When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active (medium-speed) mode, a direct transition is made to active (high-speed) mode if SSBY = 0, MSON = 0, and LSON = 0, or to subactive mode if SSBY = 1, TMA3 = 1, and LSON = 1. When a SLEEP instruction is executed in subactive mode, a direct transition is made to active (high-speed) mode if SSBY = 1, TMA3 = 1, LSON = 0, and MSON = 0, or to active (medium-speed) mode if SSBY = 1, TMA3 = 1, LSON = 0, and MSON = 1. Bit 2: Medium speed on flag (MSON) After standby, watch, or sleep mode is cleared, this bit selects active (high-speed) or active (medium-speed) mode. Bit 2 MSON Description 0 Operation is in active (high-speed) mode 1 Operation is in active (medium-speed) mode 100 (initial value) Bits 1 and 0: Subactive mode clock select (SA1 and SA0) These bits select the CPU clock rate (øW/8, øW/4, or øW/2) in subactive mode. SA1 and SA0 cannot be modified in subactive mode. Bit 1 SA1 Bit 0 SA0 Description 0 0 øW/8 0 1 øW/4 1 * øW/2 (initial value) Note: * Don’t care 5.2 Sleep Mode 5.2.1 Transition to Sleep Mode The system goes from active mode to sleep mode when a SLEEP instruction is executed while the SSBY and LSON bits in system control register 1 (SYSCR1) are cleared to 0. In sleep mode CPU operation is halted but the on-chip peripheral functions other than PWM are operational. The CPU register contents are retained. 5.2.2 Clearing Sleep Mode Sleep mode is cleared by an interrupt (timer A, timer F, timer G, IRQ0 to IRQ4, WKP0 to WKP7, SCI1, SCI3, A/D converter) or by input at the RES pin. • Clearing by interrupt When an interrupt is requested, sleep mode is cleared and interrupt exception handling starts. Operation resumes in active (high-speed) mode if MSON = 0 in SYSCR2, or active (mediumspeed) mode if MSON = 1. Sleep mode is not cleared if the I bit of the condition code register (CCR) is set to 1 or the particular interrupt is disabled in the interrupt enable register. • Clearing by RES input When the RES pin goes low, the CPU goes into the reset state and sleep mode is cleared. 101 5.3 Standby Mode 5.3.1 Transition to Standby Mode The system goes from active mode to standby mode when a SLEEP instruction is executed while the SSBY bit in SYSCR1 is set to 1, the LSON bit is cleared to 0, and bit TMA3 in timer register A (TMA) is cleared to 0. In standby mode the clock pulse generator stops, so the CPU and on-chip peripheral modules stop functioning. As long as a minimum required voltage is applied, the CPU register contents and data in the on-chip RAM will be retained. The I/O ports go to the high-impedance state. 5.3.2 Clearing Standby Mode Standby mode is cleared by an interrupt (IRQ0, IRQ1, WKP0 to WKP7) or by input at the RES pin. • Clearing by interrupt When an interrupt is requested, the system clock pulse generator starts. After the time set in bits STS2–STS0 in SYSCR1 has elapsed, a stable system clock signal is supplied to the entire chip, standby mode is cleared, and interrupt exception handling starts. Operation resumes in active (high-speed) mode if MSON = 0 in SYSCR2, or active (medium-speed) mode if MSON = 1. Standby mode is not cleared if the I bit of CCR is set to 1 or the particular interrupt is disabled in the interrupt enable register. • Clearing by RES input When the RES pin goes low, the system clock pulse generator starts and standby mode is cleared. After the pulse generator output has stabilized, if the RES pin is driven high, the CPU starts reset exception handling. Since system clock signals are supplied to the entire chip as soon as the system clock pulse generator starts functioning, the RES pin should be kept at the low level until the pulse generator output stabilizes. 5.3.3 Oscillator Settling Time after Standby Mode is Cleared Bits STS2 to STS0 in SYSCR1 should be set as follows. • When a crystal oscillator is used The table below gives settings for various operating frequencies. Set bits STS2 to STS0 for a waiting time of at least 10 ms. 102 • When an external clock is used Any values may be set. Normally the minimum time (STS2 = STS1 = STS0 = 0) should be set. Table 5-3 Clock Frequency and Settling Time (times are in ms) STS2 STS1 STS0 Waiting Time 5 MHz 4 MHz 2 MHz 1 MHz 0.5 MHz 0 0 0 8,192 states 1.6 2.0 4.1 8.2 16.4 0 0 1 16,384 states 3.2 4.1 8.2 16.4 32.8 0 1 0 32,768 states 6.6 8.2 16.4 32.8 65.5 0 1 1 65,536 states 13.1 16.4 32.8 65.5 131.1 1 * * 131,072 states 26.2 32.8 65.5 131.1 262.1 Note: * Don’t care 5.3.4 Transition to Standby Mode and Port Pin States The system goes from active (high-speed or medium-speed) mode to standby mode when a SLEEP instruction is executed while the SSBY bit in SYSCR1 is set to 1, the LSON bit is cleared to 0, and bit TMA3 in TMA is cleared to 0. Port pins (except those with their MOS pull-up turned on) enter high-impedance state when the transition to standby mode is made. This timing is shown in figure 5-2. φ Internal data bus SLEEP instruction fetch Next instruction fetch SLEEP instruction execution Port pins Output Internal processing High-impedance Active (high-speed or medium-speed) mode Standby mode Figure 5-2 Transition to Standby Mode and Port Pin States 103 5.4 Watch Mode 5.4.1 Transition to Watch Mode The system goes from active or subactive mode to watch mode when a SLEEP instruction is executed while the SSBY bit in SYSCR1 is set to 1 and bit TMA3 in TMA is set to 1. In watch mode, operation of on-chip peripheral modules other than timer A and the LCD controller is halted. The LCD controller can be selected to operate or to halt. As long as a minimum required voltage is applied, the contents of CPU registers and some registers of the onchip peripheral modules, and the on-chip RAM contents, are retained. I/O ports keep the same states as before the transition. 5.4.2 Clearing Watch Mode Watch mode is cleared by an interrupt (timer A, IRQ0, WKP0 to WKP7) or by a low input at the RES pin. • Clearing by interrupt Watch mode is cleared when an interrupt is requested. The mode to which a transition is made depends on the settings of LSON in SYSCR1 and MSON in SYSCR2. If both LSON and MSON are cleared to 0, transition is to active (high-speed) mode; if LSON = 0 and MSON = 1, transition is to active (medium-speed) mode; if LSON = 1, transition is to subactive mode. When the transition is to active mode, after the time set in SYSCR1 bits STS2–STS0 has elapsed, a stable clock signal is supplied to the entire chip, watch mode is cleared, and interrupt exception handling starts. Watch mode is not cleared if the I bit of CCR is set to 1 or the particular interrupt is disabled in the interrupt enable register. • Clearing by RES input Clearing by RES pin is the same as for standby mode; see 5.3.2, Clearing Standby Mode. 5.4.3 Oscillator Settling Time after Watch Mode is Cleared The waiting time is the same as for standby mode; see 5.3.3, Oscillator Settling Time after Standby Mode is Cleared. 104 5.5 Subsleep Mode 5.5.1 Transition to Subsleep Mode The system goes from subactive mode to subsleep mode when a SLEEP instruction is executed while the SSBY bit in SYSCR1 is cleared to 0, LSON bit in SYSCR1 is set to 1, and TMA3 bit in TMA is set to 1. In subsleep mode, operation of on-chip peripheral modules other than timer A, timer G, and the LCD controller is halted. As long as a minimum required voltage is applied, the contents of CPU registers and some registers of the on-chip peripheral modules, and the on-chip RAM contents, are retained. I/O ports keep the same states as before the transition. 5.5.2 Clearing Subsleep Mode Subsleep mode is cleared by an interrupt (timer A, timer G, IRQ0 to IRQ4, WKP0 to WKP7) or by a low input at the RES pin. • Clearing by interrupt When an interrupt is requested, subsleep mode is cleared and interrupt exception handling starts. Subsleep mode is not cleared if the I bit of CCR is set to 1 or the particular interrupt is disabled in the interrupt enable register. • Clearing by RES input Clearing by RES pin is the same as for standby mode; see 5.3.2, Clearing Standby Mode. 105 5.6 Subactive Mode 5.6.1 Transition to Subactive Mode Subactive mode is entered from watch mode if a timer A, IRQ0, or WKP0 to WKP7 interrupt is requested while the LSON bit in SYSCR1 is set to 1. From subsleep mode, subactive mode is entered if a timer A, timer G, IRQ0 to IRQ4, or WKP0 to WKP7 interrupt is requested. A transition to subactive mode does not take place if the I bit of CCR is set to 1 or the particular interrupt is disabled in the interrupt enable register. 5.6.2 Clearing Subactive Mode Subactive mode is cleared by a SLEEP instruction or by a low input at the RES pin. • Clearing by SLEEP instruction If a SLEEP instruction is executed while the SSBY bit in SYSCR1 is set to 1 and TMA3 bit in TMA is set to 1, subactive mode is cleared and watch mode is entered. If a SLEEP instruction is executed while SSBY = 0 and LSON = 1 in SYSCR1 and TMA3 = 1 in TMA, subsleep mode is entered. Direct transfer to active mode is also possible; see 5.8, Direct Transfer, below. • Clearing by RES pin Clearing by RES pin is the same as for standby mode; see 5.3.2, Clearing Standby Mode. 5.6.3 Operating Frequency in Subactive Mode The operating frequency in subactive mode is set in bits SA1 and SA0 in SYSCR2. The choices are øW/2, øW/4, and øW/8. 106 5.7 Active (medium-speed) Mode 5.7.1 Transition to Active (medium-speed) Mode If the MSON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1 while the LSON bit in SYSCR1 is cleared to 0, a transition to active (medium-speed) mode results from IRQ0, IRQ1, or WKP0 to WKP7 interrupts in standby mode, timer A, IRQ0, or WKP0 to WKP7 interrupts in watch mode, or any interrupt in sleep mode. A transition to active (medium-speed) mode does not take place if the I bit of CCR is set to 1 or the particular interrupt is disabled in the interrupt enable register. 5.7.2 Clearing Active (medium-speed) Mode Active (medium-speed) mode is cleared by a SLEEP instruction or by a low input at the RES pin. • Clearing by SLEEP instruction A transition to standby mode takes place if a SLEEP instruction is executed while the SSBY bit in SYSCR1 is set to 1, the LSON bit in SYSCR1 is cleared to 0, and TMA3 bit in TMA is cleared to 0. The system goes to watch mode if the SSBY bit in SYSCR1 is set to 1 and TMA3 bit in TMA is set to 1 when a SLEEP instruction is executed. Sleep mode is entered if both SSBY and LSON are cleared to 0 when a SLEEP instruction is executed. Direct transfer to active (high-speed) mode or to subactive mode is also possible. See 5.8, Direct Transfer, below for details. • Clearing by RES pin When the RES pin goes low, the CPU enters the reset state and active (medium-speed) mode is cleared. 5.7.3 Operating Frequency in Active (medium-speed) Mode In active (medium-speed) mode, the CPU is clocked at 1/8 the frequency in active (high-speed) mode. 107 5.8 Direct Transfer 5.8.1 Direct Transfer Overview The CPU can execute programs in three modes: active (high-speed) mode, active (medium-speed) mode, and subactive mode. A direct transfer is a transition among these three modes without the stopping of program execution. A direct transfer can be made by executing a SLEEP instruction while the DTON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1. After the mode transition, direct transfer interrupt exception handling starts. If the direct transfer interrupt is disabled in interrupt enable register 2 (IENR2), a transition is made instead to sleep mode or watch mode. Note that if a direct transition is attempted while the I bit in CCR is set to 1, sleep mode or watch mode will be entered, and it will be impossible to clear the resulting mode by means of an interrupt. • Direct transfer from active (high-speed) mode to active (medium-speed) mode When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active (high-speed) mode while the SSBY and LSON bits in SYSCR1 are cleared to 0, the MSON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1, and the DTON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1, a transition is made to active (medium-speed) mode via sleep mode. • Direct transfer from active (medium-speed) mode to active (high-speed) mode When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active (medium-speed) mode while the SSBY and LSON bits in SYSCR1 are cleared to 0, the MSON bit in SYSCR2 is cleared to 0, and the DTON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1, a transition is made to active (high-speed) mode via sleep mode. • Direct transfer from active (high-speed) mode to subactive mode When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active (high-speed) mode while the SSBY and LSON bits in SYSCR1 are set to 1, the DTON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1, and TMA3 bit in TMA is set to 1, a transition is made to subactive mode via watch mode. • Direct transfer from subactive mode to active (high-speed) mode When a SLEEP instruction is executed in subactive mode while the SSBY bit in SYSCR1 is set to 1, the LSON bit in SYSCR1 is cleared to 0, the MSON bit in SYSCR2 is cleared to 0, the DTON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1, and TMA3 bit in TMA is set to 1, a transition is made directly to active (high-speed) mode via watch mode after the waiting time set in SYSCR1 bits STS2 to STS0 has elapsed. 108 • Direct transfer from active (medium-speed) mode to subactive mode When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active (medium-speed) while the SSBY and LSON bits in SYSCR1 are set to 1, the DTON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1, and TMA3 bit in TMA is set to 1, a transition is made to subactive mode via watch mode. • Direct transfer from subactive mode to active (medium-speed) mode When a SLEEP instruction is executed in subactive mode while the SSBY bit in SYSCR1 is set to 1, the LSON bit in SYSCR1 is cleared to 0, the MSON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1, the DTON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1, and TMA3 bit in TMA is set to 1, a transition is made directly to active (medium-speed) mode via watch mode after the waiting time set in SYSCR1 bits STS2 to STS0 has elapsed. 5.8.2 Calculation of Direct Transfer Time before Transition • Time required before direct transfer from active (high-speed) mode to active (medium-speed) mode A direct transfer is made from active (high-speed) mode to active (medium-speed) mode when a SLEEP instruction is executed in active (high-speed) mode while the SSBY and LSON bits in SYSCR1 are cleared to 0, the MSON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1, and the DTON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1. A direct transfer time, that is, the time from SLEEP instruction execution to interrupt exception handling completion is calculated by expression (1) below. Direct transfer time = (number of states for SLEEP instruction execution + number of states for internal processing) × tcyc before transition + number of states for interrupt exception handling execution × tcyc after transition ...... (1) Example: Direct transfer time for the H8/3814 Series = (2 + 1) × 2tosc + 14 × 16tosc = 230 tosc Notation: tosc: OSC clock cycle time tcyc: System clock (ø) cycle time • Time required before direct transfer from active (medium-speed) mode to active (high-speed) mode A direct transfer is made from active (medium-speed) mode to active (high-speed) mode when a SLEEP instruction is executed in active (medium-speed) mode while the SSBY and LSON bits in SYSCR1 are cleared to 0, the MSON bit in SYSCR2 is cleared to 0, and the DTON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1. A direct transfer time, that is, the time from SLEEP instruction execution to interrupt exception handling completion is calculated by expression (2) below. 109 Direct transfer time = (number of states for SLEEP instruction execution + number of states for internal processing) × tcyc before transition + number of states for interrupt exception handling execution × tcyc after transition ...... (2) Example: Direct transfer time for the H8/3814 Series = (2 + 1) × 16tosc + 14 × 2tosc = 76 tosc Notation: tosc: OSC clock cycle time tcyc: System clock (ø) cycle time • Time required before direct transfer from subactive mode to active (high-speed) mode A direct transfer is made from subactive mode to active (high-speed) mode when a SLEEP instruction is executed in subactive mode while the SSBY bit in SYSCR1 is set to 1, the LSON bit in SYSCR1 is cleared to 0, the MSON bit in SYSCR2 is cleared to 0, the DTON bit in SYSCR2 is set to 1, and the TMA3 bit in TMA is set to 1. A direct transfer time, that is, the time from SLEEP instruction execution to interrupt exception handling completion is calculated by expression (3) below. Direct transfer time = (number of states for SLEEP instruction execution + number of states for internal processing) × tsubcyc before transition + (wait time designated by STS2 to STS0 bits in SCR + number of states for interrupt exception handling execution) × tcyc after transition ...... (3) Example: Direct transfer time for the H8/3814 Series (when CPU clock frequency is øw/8 and wait time is 8192 states) = (2 + 1) × 8tw + (8192 + 14) × 2tosc = 24tw + 16412tosc Notation: tosc: OSC clock cycle time tw: Watch clock cycle time tcyc: System clock (ø) cycle time tsubcyc: Subclock (øSUB) cycle time • Time required before direct transfer from subactive mode to active (medium-speed) mode A direct transfer is made from subactive mode to active (medium-speed) mode when a SLEEP instruction is executed in subactive mode while the SSBY bit in SYSCR1 is set to 1, the LSON bit in SYSCR1 is cleared to 0, the MSON and DTON bits in SYSCR2 are set to 1, and the TMA3 bit in TMA is set to 1. A direct transfer time, that is, the time from SLEEP instruction execution to interrupt exception handling completion is calculated by expression (4) below. 110 Direct transfer time = (number of states for SLEEP instruction execution + number of states for internal processing) × tsubcyc before transition + (wait time designated by STS2 to STS0 bits in SCR + number of states for interrupt exception handling execution) × tcyc after transition ...... (4) Example: Direct transfer time for the H8/3814 Series (when CPU clock frequency is øw/8 and wait time is 8192 states) = (2 + 1) × 8tw + (8192 + 14) × 16tosc = 24tw + 131296tosc Notation: tosc: OSC clock cycle time tw: Watch clock cycle time tcyc: System clock (ø) cycle time tsubcyc: Subclock (øSUB) cycle time 111 Section 6 ROM 6.1 Overview The H8/3814 and H8/3814S have 32 kbytes of on-chip ROM, while the H8/3813 and H8/3813S have 24 kbytes and the H8/3812 and H8/3812S have 16 kbytes. The ROM is connected to the CPU by a 16-bit data bus, allowing high-speed 2-state access for both byte data and word data. 6.1.1 Block Diagram Figure 6-1 shows a block diagram of the on-chip ROM. Internal data bus (upper 8 bits) Internal data bus (lower 8 bits) H'0000 H'0000 H'0001 H'0002 H'0002 H'0003 On-chip ROM H'7FFE H'7FFE H'7FFF Even-numbered address Odd-numbered address Figure 6-1 ROM Block Diagram (Example of H8/3814) The H8/3814 Series does not include ZTAT™ versions*. The ZTAT™ versions* of the H8/3834 may be used instead. Note: * ZTAT is a trademark of Hitachi, Ltd. 113 Section 7 RAM 7.1 Overview The H8/3814, H8/3813 and H8/3812 have 512 bytes of high-speed static RAM on-chip. The RAM is connected to the CPU by a 16-bit data bus, allowing high-speed 2-state access for both byte data and word data. 7.1.1 Block Diagram Figure 7-1 shows a block diagram of the on-chip RAM. Internal data bus (upper 8 bits) Internal data bus (lower 8 bits) H'FD80 H'FD80 H'FD81 H'FD82 H'FD82 H'FD83 On-chip RAM H'FF7E H'FF7E H'FF7F Even-numbered address Odd-numbered address Figure 7-1 RAM Block Diagram 115 Section 8 I/O Ports 8.1 Overview The H8/3814 Series is provided with eight 8-bit I/O ports, one 4-bit I/O port, one 3-bit I/O port, one 8-bit input-only port, one 4-bit input-only port, and one 1-bit input-only port. Table 8-1 indicates the functions of each port. Each port has of a port control register (PCR) that controls input and output, and a port data register (PDR) for storing output data. Input or output can be assigned to individual bits. See 2.9.2, Notes on Bit Manipulation, for information on executing bit-manipulation instructions to write data in PCR or PDR. Ports 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and A double as LCD segment pins and common pins. The choice of pin functions can be made in 4-bit groupings. Block diagrams of each port are given in Appendix C. Table 8-1 Port Functions Port Description Pins Other Functions Function Switching Register Port 1 • 8-bit I/O port • Input pull-up MOS option P17 to P15/ IRQ3 to IRQ1/ TMIF External interrupts 3 to 1 Timer event input TMIF PMR1 TCRF P14 None P13/TMIG Timer G input capture Port 2 • 8-bit I/O port PMR1 Timer F output compare P12, P11/ TMOFH, TMOFL PMR1 P10/TMOW Timer A clock output PMR1 P27 to P21 None P20/IRQ4/ ADTRG External interrupt 4 and A/D converter external trigger 117 PMR2 AMR Table 8-1 Port Functions (cont) Function Switching Register Port Description Pins Other Functions Port 3 • 8-bit I/O port • Input pull-up MOS option P37 to P33 None P32/SO1 P31/SI1 P30/SCK1 SCI1 data output (SO1), data input (SI1), clock input/output (SCK1) PMR3 External interrupt 0 PMR2 SCI3 data output (TXD), data input (RXD), clock input/output (SCK3) SCR3 SMR3 Port 4 • 1-bit input-only port P43/IRQ0 • 3-bit I/O port P42/TXD P41/RXD P40/SCK3 Port 5 • 8-bit I/O port • Input pull-up MOS option P57 to P50/ WKP7 to WKP0/ SEG8 to SEG1 • Wakeup input (WKP7 to WKP0) • Segment output (SEG8 to SEG1) PMR5 LPCR Port 6 • 8-bit I/O port • Input pull-up MOS option P67 to P60/ SEG16 to SEG9 Segment output (SEG16 to SEG9) LPCR Port 7 • 8-bit I/O port Segment output (SEG24 to SEG17) P77 to P70/ SEG24 to SEG17 LPCR Port 8 • 8-bit I/O port P87 to P80/ Segment output (SEG32 to SEG25) SEG32 to SEG25 LPCR Port 9 • 8-bit I/O port P97/SEG40/CL1 • Segment output (SEG40 to SEG37) LPCR P96/SEG39/CL2 • Latch clock (CL1), for external P95/SEG38/DO segment expansion, shift clock P94/SEG37/M (CL2), display data port (DO), P93 to P90/ and alternating signal (M) SEG36 to SEG33 • Segment output (SEG36 to SEG33) Port A • 4-bit I/O port PA3 to PA0/ COM4 to COM1 Common output (COM4 to COM1) LPCR Port B • 8-bit input port PB7 to PB0/ AN7 to AN0 A/D converter analog input AMR Port C • 4-bit input port PC3 to PC0/ AN11 to AN8 A/D converter analog input AMR 118 8.2 Port 1 8.2.1 Overview Port 1 is an 8-bit I/O port. Figure 8-1 shows its pin configuration. P1 7 /IRQ 3 /TMIF P1 6 /IRQ 2 P1 5 /IRQ 1 P1 4 Port 1 P1 3 /TMIG P1 2 /TMOFH P1 1 /TMOFL P1 0 /TMOW Figure 8-1 Port 1 Pin Configuration 8.2.2 Register Configuration and Description Table 8-2 shows the port 1 register configuration. Table 8-2 Port 1 Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Port data register 1 PDR1 R/W H'00 H'FFD4 Port control register 1 PCR1 W H'00 H'FFE4 Port pull-up control register 1 PUCR1 R/W H'00 H'FFE0 Port mode register 1 PMR1 R/W H'10 H'FFC8 119 1. Port data register 1 (PDR1) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P1 7 P1 6 P1 5 P1 4 P1 3 P1 2 P1 1 P1 0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR1 is an 8-bit register that stores data for pins P17 through P10. If port 1 is read while PCR1 bits are set to 1, the values stored in PDR1 are read, regardless of the actual pin states. If port 1 is read while PCR1 bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read. Upon reset, PDR1 is initialized to H'00. 2. Port control register 1 (PCR1) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR17 PCR16 PCR15 PCR14 PCR13 PCR12 PCR11 PCR10 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W PCR1 is an 8-bit register for controlling whether each of the port 1 pins P17 to P10 functions as an input pin or output pin. Setting a PCR1 bit to 1 makes the corresponding pin an output pin, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input pin. The settings in PCR1 and in PDR1 are valid only when the corresponding pin is designated in PMR1 as a general I/O pin. Upon reset, PCR1 is initialized to H'00. PCR1 is a write-only register. All bits are read as 1. 3. Port pull-up control register 1 (PUCR1) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PUCR17 PUCR16 PUCR15 PUCR14 PUCR13 PUCR12 PUCR11 PUCR10 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PUCR1 controls whether the MOS pull-up of each port 1 pin is on or off. When a PCR1 bit is cleared to 0, setting the corresponding PUCR1 bit to 1 turns on the MOS pull-up for the corresponding pin, while clearing the bit to 0 turns off the MOS pull-up. Upon reset, PUCR1 is initialized to H'00. 120 4. Port mode register 1 (PMR1) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 IRQ3 IRQ2 IRQ1 — TMIG TMOFH TMOFL TMOW Initial value 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W — R/W R/W R/W R/W PMR1 is an 8-bit read/write register, controlling the selection of pin functions for port 1 pins. Upon reset, PMR1 is initialized to H'10. Bit 7: P17/IRQ3/TMIF pin function switch (IRQ3) This bit selects whether pin P17/IRQ3/TMIF is used as P17 or as IRQ3/TMIF. Bit 7 IRQ3 Description 0 Functions as P17 I/O pin 1 Functions as IRQ3/TMIF input pin (initial value) Note: Rising or falling edge sensing can be designated for IRQ3/TMIF. For details on TMIF pin settings, see 9.3.2 (3). Timer control register F (TCRF). Bit 6: P16/IRQ2 pin function switch (IRQ2) This bit selects whether pin P16/IRQ2 is used as P16 or as IRQ2. Bit 6 IRQ2 Description 0 Functions as P16 I/O pin 1 Functions as IRQ2 input pin (initial value) Note: Rising or falling edge sensing can be designated for IRQ2. Bit 5: P15/IRQ1 pin function switch (IRQ1) This bit selects whether pin P15/IRQ1 is used as P15 or as IRQ1. Bit 5 IRQ1 Description 0 Functions as P15 I/O pin 1 Functions as IRQ1 input pin (initial value) Note: Rising or falling edge sensing can be designated for IRQ1. 121 Bit 4: Reserved bit Bit 4 is reserved; it is always read as 1, and cannot be modified. Bit 3: P13/TMIG pin function switch (TMIG) This bit selects whether pin P13/TMIG is used as P13 or as TMIG. Bit 3 TMIG Description 0 Functions as P13 I/O pin 1 Functions as TMIG input pin (initial value) Bit 2: P12/TMOFH pin function switch (TMOFH) This bit selects whether pin P12/TMOFH is used as P12 or as TMOFH. Bit 2 TMOFH Description 0 Functions as P12 I/O pin 1 Functions as TMOFH output pin (initial value) Bit 1: P11/TMOFL pin function switch (TMOFL) This bit selects whether pin P11/TMOFL is used as P11 or as TMOFL. Bit 1 TMOFL Description 0 Functions as P11 I/O pin 1 Functions as TMOFL output pin (initial value) Bit 0: P10/TMOW pin function switch (TMOW) This bit selects whether pin P10/TMOW is used as P10 or as TMOW. Bit 0 TMOW Descrition 0 Functions as P10 I/O pin 1 Functions as TMOW output pin (initial value) 122 8.2.3 Pin Functions Table 8-3 shows the port 1 pin functions. Table 8-3 Port 1 Pin Functions Pin Pin Functions and Selection Method P17/IRQ3/TMIF The pin function depends on bit IRQ3 in PMR1, bits CKSL2 to CKSL0 in TCRF, and bit PCR17 in PCR1. IRQ3 PCR17 0 0 CKSL2 to CKSL0 Pin function 1 1 * Not 0** * 0** P17 input pin P17 output pin IRQ3 input pin IRQ3/TMIF input pin Note: When using as TMIF input pin, clear bit IEN3 in IENR1 to 0, disabling IRQ3 interrupts. P16/IRQ2 The pin function depends on bit IRQ2 in PMR1, and bit PCR16 in PCR1. IRQ2 PCR16 Pin function P15/IRQ1 0 0 1 P16 input pin P16 output pin * IRQ2 input pin The pin function depends on bit IRQ1 in PMR1, and bit PCR15 in PCR1. IRQ1 PCR15 Pin function P14 1 0 0 1 1 P15 input pin P15 output pin * IRQ1 input pin The pin function depends on bit PCR14 in PCR1. PCR14 0 1 Pin function P14 input pin P14 output pin Note: * Don’t care 123 Table 8-3 Port 1 Pin Functions (cont) Pin Pin Functions and Selection Method P13/TMIG The pin function depends on bit TMIG in PMR1 and bit PCR13 in PCR1. TMIG PCR13 Pin function P12/TMOFH 0 0 * TMIG input pin The pin function depends on bit TMOFH in PMR1 and bit PCR12 in PCR1. PCR12 Pin function 0 0 1 1 P12 input pin P12 output pin * TMOFH output pin The pin function depends on bit TMOFL in PMR1 and bit PCR11 in PCR1. TMOFL PCR11 Pin function P10/TMOW 1 P13 input pin P13 output pin TMOFH P11/TMOFL 1 0 0 1 1 P11 input pin P11 output pin * TMOFL output pin The pin function depends on bit TMOW in PMR1 and bit PCR10 in PCR1. TMOW PCR10 Pin function 0 0 1 1 P10 input pin P10 output pin Note: * Don’t care 124 * TMOW output pin 8.2.4 Pin States Table 8-4 shows the port 1 pin states in each operating mode. Table 8-4 Port 1 Pin States Pins Reset Sleep P17/IRQ3/TMIF P16/IRQ2 P15/IRQ1 P14 P13/TMIG P12/TMOFH P11/TMOFL P10/TMOW HighRetains impedance previous state Subsleep Standby Watch Subactive Retains previous state Highimpedance* Retains Functional previous state Active Functional Note: * A high-level signal is output when the MOS pull-up is in the on state. 8.2.5 MOS Input Pull-Up Port 1 has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software. When a PCR1 bit is cleared to 0, setting the corresponding PUCR1 bit to 1 turns on the MOS input pull-up for that pin. The MOS input pull-up function is in the off state after a reset. PCR1n 0 1 PUCR1n 0 1 * MOS input pull-up Off On Off Note: * Don’t care (n = 7 to 0) 125 8.3 Port 2 8.3.1 Overview Port 2 is an 8-bit I/O port. Figure 8-2 shows its pin configuration. P2 7 P2 6 P2 5 P2 4 Port 2 P2 3 P2 2 P2 1 P2 0 /IRQ 4/ADTRG Figure 8-2 Port 2 Pin Configuration 8.3.2 Register Configuration and Description Table 8-5 shows the port 2 register configuration. Table 8-5 Port 2 Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Port data register 2 PDR2 R/W H'00 H'FFD5 Port control register 2 PCR2 W H'00 H'FFE5 Port mode register 2 PMR2 R/W H'E2 H'FFC9 Port mode register 4 PMR4 R/W H'00 H'FFCB 126 1. Port data register 2 (PDR2) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P2 7 P2 6 P25 P2 4 P23 P22 P21 P2 0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR2 is an 8-bit register that stores data for pins P27 through P20. If port 2 is read while PCR2 bits are set to 1, the values stored in PDR2 are read, regardless of the actual pin states. If port 2 is read while PCR2 bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read. Upon reset, PDR2 is initialized to H'00. 2. Port control register 2 (PCR2) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR27 PCR26 PCR25 PCR24 PCR23 PCR22 PCR21 PCR20 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W PCR2 is an 8-bit register for controlling whether each of the port 2 pins P27 to P20 functions as an input pin or output pin. Setting a PCR2 bit to 1 makes the corresponding pin an output pin, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input pin. The settings in PCR2 and in PDR2 are valid only when the corresponding pin is designated in PMR2 as a general I/O pin. Upon reset, PCR2 is initialized to H'00. PCR2 is a write-only register. All bits are read as 1. 3. Port mode register 2 (PMR2) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — NCS IRQ0 POF1 — IRQ4 Initial value 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 Read/Write — — — R/W R/W R/W — R/W PMR2 is an 8-bit read/write register, controlling the selection of pin functions for pins P20, and P43, controlling the PMOS on/off option for P32/SO1, and controlling the TMIG input noise canceller. Upon reset, PMR2 is initialized to H'E2. 127 Bits 7 to 5: Reserved bits Bits 7 to 5 are reserved; they are always read as 1, and cannot be modified. Bit 4: TMIG noise canceller select (NCS) This bit controls the noise canceller circuit for input capture at pin TMIG. Bit 4 NCS Description 0 Noise canceller function not selected 1 Noise canceller function selected (initial value) Bit 3: P43/IRQ0 pin function switch (IRQ0) This bit selects whether pin P43/IRQ0 is used as P43 or as IRQ0. Bit 3 IRQ0 Description 0 Functions as P43 input pin 1 Functions as IRQ0 input pin (initial value) Bit 2: P32/SO1 pin PMOS control (POF1) This bit controls the PMOS transistor in the P32/SO1 pin output buffer. Bit 2 POF1 Description 0 CMOS output 1 NMOS open-drain output (initial value) 128 Bit 1: Reserved bit Bit 1 is reserved; it is always read as 1, and cannot be modified. Bit 0: P20/IRQ4/ADTRG pin function switch (IRQ4) This bit selects whether pin P20/IRQ4/ADTRG is used as P20 or as IRQ4/ADTRG. Bit 0 IRQ4 Description 0 Functions as P20 I/O pin 1 Functions as IRQ4/ADTRG input pin (initial value) Note: See 11.3.2, Start of A/D Conversion by External Trigger Input, for the ADTRG pin setting. 4. Port mode register 4 (PMR4) PMR4 is an 8-bit read/write register, used to select CMOS output or NMOS open drain output for each port 2 pin. Bit 7 NMOD 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 NMOD 6 NMOD 5 NMOD4 NMOD3 NMOD 2 NMOD1 NMOD 0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Upon reset, PMR4 is initialized to H'00. Bit n: NMOS open-drain output select (NMODn) This bit selects CMOS output or NMOS open-drain output when pin P2n is used as an output pin. Bit n NMODn Description 0 CMOS output 1 NMOS open-drain output (n = 7 to 0) 129 8.3.3 Pin Functions Table 8-6 shows the port 2 pin functions. Table 8-6 Port 2 Pin Functions Pin Pin Functions and Selection Method P27 to P21 Input or output is selected as follows by the bit settings in PCR2. (n = 1 to 7) PCR2n 0 1 Pin function P2n input pin P2n output pin P20/IRQ4/ADTRG The pin function depends on bit IRQ4 in PMR2, bit TRGE in AMR, and bit PCR20 in PCR2. IRQ4 PCR20 0 0 1 1 * TRGE * 0 1 Pin function P20 input pin P20 output pin IRQ4 input pin IRQ4/ADTRG input pin Note: When using as ADTRG input pin, clear bit IEN4 in IENR1 to 0, disabling IRQ4 interrupts. Note: * Don’t care 8.3.4 Pin States Table 8-7 shows the port 2 pin states in each operating mode. Table 8-7 Port 2 Pin States Pins Reset Sleep Subsleep Standby Watch P27 to P21 P20/IRQ4/ ADTRG Highimpedance Retains previous state Retains previous state Highimpedance Retains Functional Functional previous state 130 Subactive Active 8.4 Port 3 8.4.1 Overview Port 3 is an 8-bit I/O port, configured as shown in figure 8-3. P3 7 P3 6 P3 5 P3 4 Port 3 P3 3 P3 2 /SO 1 P3 1 /SI1 P3 0 /SCK1 Figure 8-3 Port 3 Pin Configuration 8.4.2 Register Configuration and Description Table 8-8 shows the port 3 register configuration. Table 8-8 Port 3 Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Port data register 3 PDR3 R/W H'00 H'FFD6 Port control register 3 PCR3 W H'00 H'FFE6 Port pull-up control register 3 PUCR3 R/W H'00 H'FFE1 Port mode register 3 PMR3 R/W H'F8 H'FFCA 131 1. Port data register 3 (PDR3) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P3 7 P3 6 P35 P3 4 P33 P32 P31 P3 0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR3 is an 8-bit register that stores data for port 3 pins P37 to P30. If port 3 is read while PCR3 bits are set to 1, the values stored in PDR3 are read, regardless of the actual pin states. If port 3 is read while PCR3 bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read. Upon reset, PDR3 is initialized to H'00. 2. Port control register 3 (PCR3) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR37 PCR36 PCR35 PCR34 PCR33 PCR32 PCR31 PCR30 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W PCR3 is an 8-bit register for controlling whether each of the port 3 pins P37 to P30 functions as an input pin or output pin. Setting a PCR3 bit to 1 makes the corresponding pin an output pin, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input pin. The settings in PCR3 and in PDR3 are valid only when the corresponding pin is designated in PMR3 as a general I/O pin. Upon reset, PCR3 is initialized to H'00. PCR3 is a write-only register. All bits are read as 1. 3. Port pull-up control register 3 (PUCR3) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PUCR37 PUCR36 PUCR35 PUCR34 PUCR33 PUCR32 PUCR31 PUCR30 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PUCR3 controls whether the MOS pull-up of each port 3 pin is on or off. When a PCR3 bit is cleared to 0, setting the corresponding PUCR3 bit to 1 turns on the MOS pull-up for the corresponding pin, while clearing the bit to 0 turns off the MOS pull-up. Upon reset, PUCR3 is initialized to H'00. 132 4. Port mode register 3 (PMR3) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — — SO1 SI1 SCK1 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — — — R/W R/W R/W PMR3 is an 8-bit read/write register, controlling the selection of pin functions for port 3 pins. Upon reset, PMR3 is initialized to H'F8. Bit 7 to 3: Reserved bits Bit 7 to 3 are reserved; they are always read as 1, and cannot be modified. Bit 2: P32/SO1 pin function switch (SO1) This bit selects whether pin P32/SO1 is used as P32 or as SO1. Bit 2 SO1 Description 0 Functions as P32 I/O pin 1 Functions as SO1 output pin (initial value) Bit 1: P31/SI1 pin function switch (SI1) This bit selects whether pin P31/SI1 is used as P31 or as SI1. Bit 1 SI1 Description 0 Functions as P31 I/O pin 1 Functions as SI1 input pin (initial value) Bit 0: P30/SCK1 pin function switch (SCK1) This bit selects whether pin P30/SCK1 is used as P30 or as SCK1. Bit 0 SCK1 Description 0 Functions as P30 I/O pin 1 Functions as SCK1 I/O pin (initial value) 133 8.4.3 Pin Functions Table 8-9 shows the port 3 pin functions. Table 8-9 Port 3 Pin Functions Pin Pin Functions and Selection Method P37 to P33 Input or output is selected as follows by the bit settings in PCR3. (n = 3 to 7) P32/SO1 PCR3n 0 1 Pin function P3n input pin P3n output pin The pin function depends on bit SO1 in PMR3 and bit PCR32 in PCR3. SO1 PCR32 Pin function P31/SI1 0 0 1 * P32 input pin P32 output pin SO1 output pin The pin function depends on bit SI1 in PMR3 and bit PCR31 in PCR3. SI1 PCR31 Pin function P30/SCK1 1 0 0 1 1 * P31 input pin P31 output pin SI1 input pin The pin function depends on bit SCK1 in PMR3, bit CKS3 in SCR1, and bit PCR30 in PCR3. SCK1 0 CKS3 * PCR30 Pin function 0 1 1 0 1 * * P30 input pin P30 output pin SCK1 output pin SCK1 input pin Note: * Don’t care 134 8.4.4 Pin States Table 8-10 shows the port 3 pin states in each operating mode. Table 8-10 Port 3 Pin States Pins Reset Sleep Subsleep Standby Watch Subactive Active P37 to P33 P32/SO1 P31/SI1 P30/SCK1 Highimpedance Retains previous state Retains previous state HighRetains Functional Functional impedance* previous state Note: * A high-level signal is output when the MOS pull-up is in the on state. 8.4.5 MOS Input Pull-Up Port 3 has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software. When a PCR3 bit is cleared to 0, setting the corresponding PUCR3 bit to 1 turns on the MOS pull-up for that pin. The MOS pull-up function is in the off state after a reset. PCR3n 0 1 PUCR3n 0 1 * MOS input pull-up Off On Off Note: * Don’t care (n = 7 to 0) 135 8.5 Port 4 8.5.1 Overview Port 4 consists of a 3-bit I/O port and a 1-bit input port, and is configured as shown in figure 8-4. P4 3 /IRQ 0 P4 2 /TXD Port 4 P4 1 /RXD P4 0 /SCK 3 Figure 8-4 Port 4 Pin Configuration 8.5.2 Register Configuration and Description Table 8-11 shows the port 4 register configuration. Table 8-11 Port 4 Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Port data register 4 PDR4 R/W H'F8 H'FFD7 Port control register 4 PCR4 W H'F8 H'FFE7 136 1. Port data register 4 (PDR4) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — P43 P42 P41 P4 0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — — R R/W R/W R/W PDR4 is an 8-bit register that stores data for port 4 pins P42 to P40. If port 4 is read while PCR4 bit are set to 1, the values stored in PDR4 are read, regardless of the actual pin states. If port 4 is read while PCR4 bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read. Upon reset, PDR4 is initialized to H'F8. 2. Port control register 4 (PCR4) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — — PCR42 PCR41 PCR4 0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — — — W W W PCR4 controls whether each of the port 4 pins P42 to P40 functions as an input pin or output pin. Setting a PCR4 bit to 1 makes the corresponding pin an output pin, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input pin. The settings in PCR4 and in PDR4 are valid only when the corresponding pin is designated in SCR3 as a general I/O pin. Upon reset, PCR4 is initialized to H'F8. PCR4 is a write-only register. All bits are read as 1. 137 8.5.3 Pin Functions Table 8-12 shows the port 4 pin functions. Table 8-12 Port 4 Pin Functions Pin Pin Functions and Selection Method P43/IRQ0 The pin function depends on the IRQ0 bit setting in PMR2. P42/TXD IRQ0 0 1 Pin function P43 input pin IRQ0 input pin The pin function depends on bit TE in SCR3 and bit PCR42 in PCR4. UD PCR42 Pin function P41/RXD 0 0 1 * P42 input pin P42 output pin TXD output pin The pin function depends on bit RE in SCR3 and bit PCR41 in PCR4. RE PCR41 Pin function P40/SCK3 1 0 1 0 1 * P41 input pin P41 output pin RXD input pin The pin function depends on bits CKE1 and CKE0 in SCR3, bit COM in SMR, and bit PCR40 in PCR4. CKE1 0 CKE0 0 COM PCR40 Pin function 1 0 0 1 1 * 1 * * * * P40 input pin P40 output pin SCK3 output pin SCK3 input pin Note: * Don’t care 138 8.5.4 Pin States Table 8-13 shows the port 4 pin states in each operating mode. Table 8-13 Port 4 Pin States Pins Reset Sleep Subsleep Standby Watch P43/IRQ0 P42/TXD P41/RXD P40/SCK3 Highimpedance Retains previous state Retains previous state Highimpedance Retains Functional Functional previous state 139 Subactive Active 8.6 Port 5 8.6.1 Overview Port 5 is an 8-bit I/O port, configured as shown in figure 8-5. P5 7 /WKP7 /SEG 8 P5 6 /WKP6 /SEG 7 P5 5 /WKP5 /SEG 6 P5 4 /WKP4 /SEG 5 Port 5 P5 3 /WKP3 /SEG 4 P5 2 /WKP2 /SEG 3 P5 1 /WKP1 /SEG 2 P5 0 /WKP0 /SEG 1 Figure 8-5 Port 5 Pin Configuration 8.6.2 Register Configuration and Description Table 8-14 shows the port 5 register configuration. Table 8-14 Port 5 Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Port data register 5 PDR5 R/W H'00 H'FFD8 Port control register 5 PCR5 W H'00 H'FFE8 Port pull-up control register 5 PUCR5 R/W H'00 H'FFE2 Port mode register 5 PMR5 R/W H'00 H'FFCC 140 1. Port data register 5 (PDR5) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P5 7 P5 6 P55 P5 4 P53 P52 P51 P5 0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR5 is an 8-bit register that stores data for port 5 pins P57 to P50. If port 5 is read while PCR5 bits are set to 1, the values stored in PDR5 are read, regardless of the actual pin states. If port 5 is read while PCR5 bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read. Upon reset, PDR5 is initialized to H'00. 2. Port control register 5 (PCR5) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR57 PCR56 PCR55 PCR54 PCR53 PCR52 PCR51 PCR50 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W PCR5 is an 8-bit register for controlling whether each of the port 5 pins P57 to P50 functions as an input pin or output pin. Setting a PCR5 bit to 1 makes the corresponding pin an output pin, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input pin. The settings in PCR5 and in PDR5 are valid only when the corresponding pin is designated as a general I/O pin in PMR5 and in bits SGS3 to SGS0 of LPCR. Upon reset, PCR5 is initialized to H'00. PCR5 is a write-only register. All bits are read as 1. 3. Port pull-up control register 5 (PUCR5) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PUCR57 PUCR56 PUCR55 PUCR54 PUCR53 PUCR52 PUCR51 PUCR50 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PUCR5 controls whether the MOS pull-up of each port 5 pin is on or off. When a PCR5 bit is cleared to 0, setting the corresponding PUCR5 bit to 1 turns on the MOS pull-up for the corresponding pin, while clearing the bit to 0 turns off the MOS pull-up. Upon reset, PUCR5 is initialized to H'00. 141 4. Port mode register 5 (PMR5) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 WKP7 WKP6 WKP5 WKP4 WKP3 WKP2 WKP1 WKP0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PMR5 is an 8-bit read/write register, controlling the selection of pin functions for port 5 pins. Upon reset, PMR5 is initialized to H'00. Bit n: P5n/WKPn/SEGn+1 pin function switch (WKPn) When pin P5n/WKPn/SEGn+1 is not used as a SEGn+1 pin, this bit selects whether it is used as P5n or as WKPn. Bit n WKPn Description 0 Functions as P5n I/O pin 1 Functions as WKPn input pin (initial value) (n = 7 to 0) Note: For information on use as a SEGn+1 pin, see 12.2.1, LCD Port Control Register (LPCR). 142 8.6.3 Pin Functions Table 8-15 shows the port 5 pin functions. Table 8-15 Port 5 Pin Functions Pin Pin Functions and Selection Method P57/WKP7/ SEG8to P54/ WKP4/SEG5 The pin function depends on bit WKPn in PMR5, bit PCR5n in PCR5, and bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. (n = 7 to 4) SGS3 to SGS0 0*** 0 WKPn PCR5n Pin function P53/WKP3/ SEG4 to P50/ WKP0/SEG1 0 1 1*** 1 * * * P5n input pin P5n output pin WKPn input pin SEGn+1 output pin The pin function depends on bit WKPn in PMR5, bit PCR5n in PCR5, and bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. (n = 3 to 0) SGS3 to SGS0 0*** or 1**0 WKPn PCR5n Pin function 0 0 1 1**1 1 * * * P5n input pin P5n output pin WKPn input pin SEGn+1 output pin Note: * Don’t care 143 8.6.4 Pin States Table 8-16 shows the port 5 pin states in each operating mode. Table 8-16 Port 5 Pin States Pins Reset Sleep HighRetains P57/WKP7/ SEG8 to P50/ impedance previous WKP0/SEG1 state Subsleep Standby Watch Subactive Active Retains previous state HighRetains Functional impedance* previous state Functional Note: * A high-level signal is output when the MOS pull-up is in the on state. 8.6.5 MOS Input Pull-Up Port 5 has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software. When a PCR5 bit is cleared to 0, setting the corresponding PUCR5 bit to 1 turns on the MOS pull-up for that pin. The MOS pull-up function is in the off state after a reset. PCR5n 0 1 PUCR5n 0 1 * MOS input pull-up Off On Off Note: * Don’t care (n = 7 to 0) 144 8.7 Port 6 8.7.1 Overview Port 6 is an 8-bit I/O port, configured as shown in figure 8-6. P6 7 /SEG 16 P6 6 /SEG 15 P6 5 /SEG 14 P6 4 /SEG 13 Port 6 P6 3 /SEG 12 P6 2 /SEG 11 P6 1 /SEG 10 P6 0 /SEG 9 Figure 8-6 Port 6 Pin Configuration 8.7.2 Register Configuration and Description Table 8-17 shows the port 6 register configuration. Table 8-17 Port 6 Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Port data register 6 PDR6 R/W H'00 H'FFD9 Port control register 6 PCR6 W H'00 H'FFE9 Port pull-up control register 6 PUCR6 R/W H'00 H'FFE3 145 1. Port data register 6 (PDR6) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P6 7 P6 6 P65 P6 4 P63 P62 P61 P6 0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR6 is an 8-bit register that stores data for port 6 pins P67 to P60. If port 6 is read while PCR6 bits are set to 1, the values stored in PDR6 are read, regardless of the actual pin states. If port 6 is read while PCR6 bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read. Upon reset, PDR6 is initialized to H'00. 2. Port control register 6 (PCR6) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR67 PCR66 PCR65 PCR64 PCR63 PCR62 PCR61 PCR60 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W PCR6 is an 8-bit register for controlling whether each of the port 6 pins P67 to P60 functions as an input pin or output pin. Setting a PCR6 bit to 1 makes the corresponding pin an output pin, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input pin. The settings in PCR6 and in PDR6 are valid only when the corresponding pin is designated in bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR as a general I/O pin. Upon reset, PCR6 is initialized to H'00. PCR6 is a write-only register. All bits are read as 1. 3. Port pull-up control register 6 (PUCR6) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PUCR67 PUCR66 PUCR65 PUCR64 PUCR63 PUCR62 PUCR61 PUCR60 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PUCR6 controls whether the MOS pull-up of each port 6 pin is on or off. When a PCR6 bit is cleared to 0, setting the corresponding PUCR6 bit to 1 turns on the MOS pull-up for the corresponding pin, while clearing the bit to 0 turns off the MOS pull-up. Upon reset, PUCR6 is initialized to H'00. 146 8.7.3 Pin Functions Table 8-18 shows the port 6 pin functions. Table 8-18 Port 6 Pin Functions Pin Pin Functions and Selection Method P67/SEG16 to P64/SEG13 The pin function depends on bit PCR6n in PCR6 and bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. (n = 7 to 4) SGS3 to SGS0 00** or 010* 0 PCR6n Pin function P63/SEG12 to P60/SEG9 011* or 1*** 1 * P6n input pin P6n output pin SEGn+9 output pin The pin function depends on bit PCR6n in PCR6 and bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. (n = 3 to 0) SGS3 to SGS0 00**, 010* or 0110 0 PCR6n Pin function 0111 or 1*** 1 * P6n input pin P6n output pin SEGn+9 output pin Note: * Don’t care 8.7.4 Pin States Table 8-19 shows the port 6 pin states in each operating mode. Table 8-19 Port 6 Pin States Pins Reset Sleep P67/SEG16 to P60/SEG9 HighRetains impedance previous state Subsleep Standby Watch Retains previous state Highimpedance* Retains Functional previous state Note: * A high-level signal is output when the MOS pull-up is in the on state. 147 Subactive Active Functional 8.7.5 MOS Input Pull-Up Port 6 has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software. When a PCR6 bit is cleared to 0, setting the corresponding PUCR6 bit to 1 turns on the MOS pull-up for that pin. The MOS pull-up function is in the off state after a reset. PCR6n 0 1 PUC6n 0 1 * MOS input pull-up Off On Off Note: * Don’t care (n = 7 to 0) 148 8.8 Port 7 8.8.1 Overview Port 7 is an 8-bit I/O port, configured as shown in figure 8-7. P7 7 /SEG 24 P7 6 /SEG 23 P7 5 /SEG 22 P7 4 /SEG 21 Port 7 P7 3 /SEG 20 P7 2 /SEG 19 P7 1 /SEG 18 P7 0 /SEG 17 Figure 8-7 Port 7 Pin Configuration 8.8.2 Register Configuration and Description Table 8-20 shows the port 7 register configuration. Table 8-20 Port 7 Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Port data register 7 PDR7 R/W H'00 H'FFDA Port control register 7 PCR7 W H'00 H'FFEA 149 1. Port data register 7 (PDR7) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P7 7 P7 6 P75 P7 4 P73 P72 P71 P7 0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR7 is an 8-bit register that stores data for port 7 pins P77 to P70. If port 7 is read while PCR7 bits are set to 1, the values stored in PDR7 are read, regardless of the actual pin states. If port 7 is read while PCR7 bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read. Upon reset, PDR7 is initialized to H'00. 2. Port control register 7 (PCR7) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR77 PCR76 PCR75 PCR74 PCR73 PCR72 PCR71 PCR70 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W PCR7 is an 8-bit register for controlling whether each of the port 7 pins P77 to P70 functions as an input pin or output pin. Setting a PCR7 bit to 1 makes the corresponding pin an output pin, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input pin. The settings in PCR7 and in PDR7 are valid only when the corresponding pin is designated in bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR as a general I/O pin. Upon reset, PCR7 is initialized to H'00. PCR7 is a write-only register. All bits are read as 1. 150 8.8.3 Pin Functions Table 8-21 shows the port 7 pin functions. Table 8-21 Port 7 Pin Functions Pin Pin Functions and Selection Method P77/SEG24 to P74/SEG21 The pin function depends on bit PCR7n in PCR7 and bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. (n = 7 to 4) SGS3 to SGS0 00** 0 PCR7n Pin function P73/SEG20 to P70/SEG17 01** or 1*** 1 * P7n input pin P7n output pin SEGn+17 output pin The pin function depends on bit PCR7n in PCR7 and bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. (n = 3 to 0) SGS3 to SGS0 00** or 0100 0 PCR7n Pin function 0101, 011* or 1*** 1 * P7n input pin P7n output pin SEGn+17 output pin Note: * Don’t care 8.8.4 Pin States Table 8-22 shows the port 7 pin states in each operating mode. Table 8-22 Port 7 Pin States Pins Reset Sleep P77/SEG24 to P70/SEG17 HighRetains impedance previous state Subsleep Standby Watch Retains previous state Highimpedance Retains Functional previous state 151 Subactive Active Functional 8.9 Port 8 8.9.1 Overview Port 8 is an 8-bit I/O port configured as shown in figure 8-9. P8 7 /SEG 32 P8 6 /SEG 31 P8 5 /SEG 30 P8 4 /SEG 29 Port 8 P8 3 /SEG 28 P8 2 /SEG 27 P8 1 /SEG 26 P8 0 /SEG 25 Figure 8-8 Port 8 Pin Configuration 8.9.2 Register Configuration and Description Table 8-23 shows the port 8 register configuration. Table 8-23 Port 8 Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Port data register 8 PDR8 R/W H'00 H'FFDB Port control register 8 PCR8 W H'00 H'FFEB 152 1. Port data register 8 (PDR8) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P8 7 P8 6 P85 P8 4 P83 P82 P81 P8 0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR8 is an 8-bit register that stores data for port 8 pins P87 to P80. If port 8 is read while PCR8 bits are set to 1, the values stored in PDR8 are read, regardless of the actual pin states. If port 8 is read while PCR8 bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read. Upon reset, PDR8 is initialized to H'00. 2. Port control register 8 (PCR8) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR87 PCR86 PCR85 PCR84 PCR83 PCR82 PCR81 PCR80 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W PCR8 is an 8-bit register for controlling whether each of the port 8 pins P87 to P80 functions as an input or output pin. Setting a PCR8 bit to 1 makes the corresponding pin an output pin, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input pin. The settings in PCR8 and in PDR8 are valid only when the corresponding pin is designated in bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR as a general I/O pin. Upon reset, PCR8 is initialized to H'00. PCR8 is a write-only register. All bits are read as 1. 153 8.9.3 Pin Functions Table 8-24 shows the port 8 pin functions. Table 8-24 Port 8 Pin Functions Pin Pin Functions and Selection Method P87/SEG32 to P84/SEG29 The pin function depends on bit PCR8n in PCR8 and bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. (n = 7 to 4) SGS3 to SGS0 000* 0 PCR8n Pin function P83/SEG28 to P80/SEG25 001*, 01** or 1*** 1 * P8n input pin P8n output pin SEGn+25 output pin The pin function depends on bit PCR8n in PCR8 and bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. (n = 3 to 0) SGS3 to SGS0 000* or 0010 0 PCR8n Pin function 0011, 01** or 1*** 1 * P8n input pin P8n output pin SEGn+25 output pin Note: * Don’t care 8.9.4 Pin States Table 8-25 shows the port 8 pin states in each operating mode. Table 8-25 Port 8 Pin States Pins Reset Sleep P87/SEG32 to P80/SEG25 HighRetains impedance previous state Subsleep Standby Watch Retains previous state Highimpedance Retains Functional previous state 154 Subactive Active Functional 8.10 Port 9 8.10.1 Overview Port 9 is an 8-bit I/O port configured as shown in figure 8-9. P9 7 /SEG 40 /CL 1 P9 6 /SEG 39 /CL 2 P9 5 /SEG 38 /DO P9 4 /SEG 37 /M Port 9 P9 3 /SEG 36 P9 2 /SEG 35 P9 1 /SEG 34 P9 0 /SEG 33 Figure 8-9 Port 9 Pin Configuration 8.10.2 Register Configuration and Description Table 8-26 shows the port 9 register configuration. Table 8-26 Port 9 Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Port data register 9 PDR9 R/W H'00 H'FFDC Port control register 9 PCR9 W H'00 H'FFEC 155 1. Port data register 9 (PDR9) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P9 7 P9 6 P95 P9 4 P93 P92 P91 P9 0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR9 is an 8-bit register that stores data for port 9 pins P97 to P90. If port 9 is read while PCR9 bits are set to 1, the values stored in PDR9 are read, regardless of the actual pin states. If port 9 is read while PCR9 bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read. Upon reset, PDR9 is initialized to H'00. 2. Port control register 9 (PCR9) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR97 PCR96 PCR95 PCR94 PCR93 PCR92 PCR91 PCR90 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W PCR9 is an 8-bit register for controlling whether each of the port 9 pins P97 to P90 functions as an input or output pin. Setting a PCR9 bit to 1 makes the corresponding pin an output pin, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input pin. The settings in PCR9 and in PDR9 are valid only when the corresponding pin is designated in bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR as a general I/O pin. Upon reset, PCR9 is initialized to H'00. PCR9 is a write-only register. All bits are read as 1. 156 8.10.3 Pin Functions Table 8-27 shows the port 9 pin functions. Table 8-27 Port 9 Pin Functions Pin Pin Functions and Selection Method P97/SEG40/CL1 The pin function depends on bit PCR97 in PCR9, and bits SGX and SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. SGS3 to SGS0 0000 Not 0000 * SGX 0 0 1 * * PCR97 Pin function P96/SEG39/CL2 P97 input pin P97 output pin SEG40 output pin CL1 output pin SGS3 to SGS0 0000 Not 0000 * SGX 0 0 1 * * Pin function 0 1 P96 input pin P96 output pin SEG39 output pin CL2 output pin The pin function depends on bit PCR95 in PCR9, and bits SGX and SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. SGS3 to SGS0 0000 Not 0000 * SGX 0 0 1 * * PCR95 Pin function P94/SEG37/M 1 The pin function depends on bit PCR96 in PCR9, and bits SGX and SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. PCR96 P95/SEG38/DO 0 0 1 P95 input pin P95 output pin SEG38 output pin DO output pin The pin function depends on bit PCR94 in PCR9, and bits SGX and SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. SGS3 to SGS0 0000 Not 0000 * SGX 0 0 1 * * PCR94 Pin function 0 1 P94 input pin P94 output pin SEG37 output pin Note: * Don’t care 157 M output pin Table 8-27 Port 9 Pin Functions (cont) Pin Pin Functions and Selection Method 93/SEG36 to P90/SEG33 The pin function depends on bit PCR9n in PCR9 and bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. (n = 3 to 0) SGS3 to SGS0 0000 0 PCR9n Pin function Not 0000 1 * P9n input pin P9n output pin SEGn+33 output pin Note: * Don’t care 8.10.4 Pin States Table 8-28 shows the port 9 pin states in each operating mode. Table 8-28 Port 9 Pin States Pins Reset Sleep P97/SEG40/CL1 P96/SEG39/CL2 P95/SEG38/DO P94/SEG37/M P93/SEG36 to P90/SEG33 HighRetains impedance previous state Subsleep Standby Watch Retains previous state Highimpedance Retains Functional previous state 158 Subactive Active Functional 8.11 Port A 8.11.1 Overview Port A is a 4-bit I/O port, configured as shown in figure 8-10. PA 3 /COM 4 PA 2 /COM 3 Port A PA 1 /COM 2 PA 0 /COM 1 Figure 8-10 Port A Pin Configuration 8.11.2 Register Configuration and Description Table 8-29 shows the port A register configuration. Table 8-29 Port A Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Port data register A PDRA R/W H'F0 H'FFDD Port control register A PCRA W H'F0 H'FFED 159 1. Port data register A (PDRA) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — PA 3 PA2 PA1 PA 0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W PDRA is an 8-bit register that stores data for port A pins PA3 to PA0. If port A is read while PCRA bits are set to 1, the values stored in PDRA are read, regardless of the actual pin states. If port A is read while PCRA bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read. Upon reset, PDRA is initialized to H'F0. 2. Port control register A (PCRA) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — PCRA 3 PCRA 2 PCRA 1 PCRA 0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — — W W W W PCRA is an 8-bit register for controlling whether each of the port A pins PA3 to PA0 functions as an input or output pin. Setting a PCRA bit to 1 makes the corresponding pin an output pin, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input pin. The settings in PCRA and in PDRA are valid only when the corresponding pin is designated in LPCR as a general I/O pin. Upon reset, PCRA is initialized to H'F0. PCRA is a write-only register. All bits are read as 1. 160 8.11.3 Pin Functions Table 8-30 gives the port A pin functions. Table 8-30 Port A Pin Functions Pin Pin Functions and Selection Method PA3/COM4 The pin function depends on bit PCRA3 in PCRA and bits DTS1, DTS0, CMX, SGX, and SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. CMX * 0 * 0 1 * DTS1,DTS0 ** Not 11 ** Not 11 Not 11 11 SGX 0 1 * 0 1 * 1 SGS3 to SGS0 0000 Not 0000 0000 Not 0000 0000 PCRA3 Pin function PA2/COM3 0 Not 0000 1 * 0000 Not 0000 * PA3 input pin PA3 output pin COM4 output pin The pin function depends on bit PCRA2 in PCRA and bits DTS1, DTS0, CMX, SGX, and SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. CMX * DTS1,DTS0 ** SGX 0 0 0 1 * 00 or 01 ** 00 or 01 00 or 01 Not 00 or 01 1 1 1 * * 0 * PCRA2 Pin function 0 1 * SGS3 to SGS0 0000 Not 0000 0000 Not 0000 0000 PA1/COM2 1 * Not 0000 1 * 0000 Not 0000 * PA2 input pin PA2 output pin COM3 output pin The pin function depends on bit PCRA1 in PCRA and bits DTS1, DTS0, CMX, SGX, and SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. CMX * 0 * 0 1 * DTS1,DTS0 ** 00 ** 00 00 Not 00 SGX 0 1 * 0 1 * 1 SGS3 to SGS0 0000 Not 0000 0000 Not 0000 0000 PCRA1 Pin function 0 1 PA1 input pin PA1 output pin Note: * Don’t care 161 1 * Not 0000 * 0000 Not 0000 * COM2 output pin Table 8-30 Port A Pin Functions (cont) Pin Pin Functions and Selection Method PA0/COM1 The pin function depends on bit PCRA0 in PCRA, and bits SGX and SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR. SGS3 to SGS0 0000 0000 Not 0000 SGX 0 1 * PCRA0 Pin function 0 1 * PA0 input pin PA0 output pin COM1 output pin Note: * Don’t care 8.11.4 Pin States Table 8-31 shows the port A pin states in each operating mode. Table 8-31 Port A Pin States Pins Reset Sleep Subsleep Standby Watch PA3/COM4 PA2/COM3 PA1/COM2 PA0/COM1 Highimpedance Retains previous state Retains previous state Highimpedance Retains Functional Functional previous state 162 Subactive Active 8.12 Port B 8.12.1 Overview Port B is an 8-bit input-only port, configured as shown in figure 8-11. PB7 /AN 7 PB6 /AN 6 PB5 /AN 5 PB4 /AN 4 Port B PB3 /AN 3 PB2 /AN 2 PB1 /AN 1 PB0 /AN 0 Figure 8-11 Port B Pin Configuration 8.12.2 Register Configuration and Description Table 8-32 shows the port B register configuration. Table 8-32 Port B Register Name Abbrev. R/W Address Port data register B PDRB R H'FFDE Port Data Register B (PDRB) Bit Read/Write 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PB 7 PB6 PB5 PB 4 PB3 PB2 PB1 PB 0 R R R R R R R R Reading PDRB always gives the pin states. However, if a port B pin is selected as an analog input channel for the A/D converter by AMR bits CH3 to CH0, that pin reads 0 regardless of the input voltage. 163 8.13 Port C 8.13.1 Overview Port C is a 4-bit input-only port, configured as shown in figure 8-12. PC3 /AN 11 PC2 /AN 10 Port C PC1 /AN 9 PC0 /AN 8 Figure 8-12 Port C Pin Configuration 8.13.2 Register Configuration and Description Table 8-33 shows the port C register configuration. Table 8-33 Port C Register Name Abbrev. R/W Address Port data register C PDRC R H'FFDF Port Data Register C (PDRC) Bit Read/Write 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — PC3 PC2 PC1 PC 0 — — — — R R R R Reading PDRC always gives the pin states. However, if a port C pin is selected as an analog input channel for the A/D converter by AMR bits CH3 to CH0, that pin reads 0 regardless of the input voltage. 164 Section 9 Timers 9.1 Overview The H8/3814 Series provides three timers (timers A, F, and G) on-chip. Table 9-1 outlines the functions of timers A, F, and G. Table 9-1 Timer Functions Name Event Input Pin Waveform Output Pin — — • 8-bit timer • Time base øW/128 — (choice of 4 overflow periods) — • 8-bit timer • clock output ø/4 to ø/32, øW/4 to øW/32 (8 choices) — TMOW TMIF TMOFL TMOFH Functions Timer A • 8-bit timer • Interval timer Timer F Internal Clock ø/8 to ø/8192 (8 choices) • 16-bit timer ø/2 to ø/32 • Event counter (4 choices) • Can be used as two independent 8-bit timers • Output compare Timer G • 8-bit timer • Input capture • Interval timer ø/2 to ø/64, øW/2 TMIG (4 choices) — Remarks • Counter clear designation possible • Built-in noise canceller circuit for input capture 165 9.2 Timer A 9.2.1 Overview Timer A is an 8-bit timer with interval timing and real-time clock time-base functions. The clock time-base function is available when a 32.768-kHz crystal oscillator is connected. A clock signal divided from 32.768 kHz or from the system clock can be output at the TMOW pin. 1. Features Features of timer A are given below. • Choice of eight internal clock sources (ø/8192, ø/4096, ø/2048, ø/512, ø/256, ø/128, ø/32, ø/8). • Choice of four overflow periods (1 s, 0.5 s, 0.25 s, 31.25 ms) when timer A is used as a clock time base (using a 32.768 kHz crystal oscillator). • An interrupt is requested when the counter overflows. • Any of eight clock signals can be output from pin TMOW: 32.768 kHz divided by 32, 16, 8, or 4 (1 kHz, 2 kHz, 4 kHz, 8 kHz), or the system clock divided by 32, 16, 8, or 4. 166 2. Block diagram Figure 9-2-1 shows a block diagram of timer A. øW 1/4 TMA PSW øW /32 øW /16 øW /8 øW /4 Internal data bus øW/4 øW /128 TMOW ø ÷256 ÷128 * ø/8192, ø/4096, ø/2048, ø/512, ø/256, ø/128, ø/32, ø/8 ÷ 64 * ø/32 ø/16 ø/8 ø/4 ÷ 8* TCA PSS IRRTA Notation: TMA: Timer mode register A TCA: Timer counter A IRRTA: Timer A overflow interrupt request flag (interrupt request register 1) PSW: Prescaler W PSS: Prescaler S Note: Can be selected only when the prescaler W output (ø W /128) is used as the TCA input clock. Figure 9-2-1 Block Diagram of Timer A 3. Pin configuration Table 9-2-1 shows the timer A pin configuration. Table 9-2-1 Pin Configuration Name Abbrev. I/O Function Clock output TMOW Output Output of waveform generated by timer A output circuit 167 4. Register configuration Table 9-2-2 shows the register configuration of timer A. Table 9-2-2 Timer A Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Timer mode register A TMA R/W H'10 H'FFB0 Timer counter A TCA R H'00 H'FFB1 9.2.2 Register Descriptions 1. Timer mode register A (TMA) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TMA7 TMA6 TMA5 — TMA3 TMA2 TMA1 TMA0 Initial value 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W — R/W R/W R/W R/W TMA is an 8-bit read/write register for selecting the prescaler, input clock, and output clock. Upon reset, TMA is initialized to H'10. Bits 7 to 5: Clock output select (TMA7 to TMA5) Bits 7 to 5 choose which of eight clock signals is output at the TMOW pin. The system clock divided by 32, 16, 8, or 4 can be output in active mode and sleep mode. A 32.768 kHz signal divided by 32, 16, 8, or 4 can be output in active mode, sleep mode, and subactive mode. Bit 7 TMA7 Bit 6 TMA6 Bit 5 TMA5 Clock Output 0 0 0 ø/32 1 ø/16 0 ø/8 1 ø/4 0 øW/32 1 øW/16 0 øW/8 1 øW/4 1 1 0 1 (initial value) 168 Bit 4: Reserved bit Bit 4 is reserved; it is always read as 1, and cannot be modified. Bits 3 to 0: Internal clock select (TMA3 to TMA0) Bits 3 to 0 select the clock input to TCA. The selection is made as follows. Description Bit 3 TMA3 Bit 2 TMA2 Bit 1 TMA1 Bit 0 TMA0 Prescaler and Divider Ratio or Overflow Period 0 0 0 0 PSS, ø/8192 1 PSS, ø/4096 0 PSS, ø/2048 1 PSS, ø/512 0 PSS, ø/256 1 PSS, ø/128 0 PSS, ø/32 1 PSS, ø/8 0 PSW, 1 s 1 PSW, 0.5 s 0 PSW, 0.25 s 1 PSW, 0.03125 s 0 PSW and TCA are reset 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 (initial value) Interval timer Clock time base 1 1 Function 0 1 169 2. Timer counter A (TCA) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TCA7 TCA6 TCA5 TCA4 TCA3 TCA2 TCA1 TCA0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R R R R R R R R TCA is an 8-bit read-only up-counter, which is incremented by internal clock input. The clock source for input to this counter is selected by bits TMA3 to TMA0 in timer mode register A (TMA). TCA values can be read by the CPU in active mode, but cannot be read in subactive mode. When TCA overflows, the IRRTA bit in interrupt request register 1 (IRR1) is set to 1. TCA is cleared by setting bits TMA3 and TMA2 of TMA to 11. Upon reset, TCA is initialized to H'00. 9.2.3 Timer Operation 1. Interval timer operation When bit TMA3 in timer mode register A (TMA) is cleared to 0, timer A functions as an 8-bit interval timer. Upon reset, TCA is cleared to H'00 and bit TMA3 is cleared to 0, so up-counting and interval timing resume immediately. The clock input to timer A is selected by bits TMA2 to TMA0 in TMA; any of eight internal clock signals output by prescaler S can be selected. After the count value in TCA reaches H'FF, the next clock signal input causes timer A to overflow, setting bit IRRTA to 1 in interrupt request register 1 (IRR1). If IENTA = 1 in interrupt enable register 1 (IENR1), a CPU interrupt is requested.* At overflow, TCA returns to H'00 and starts counting up again. In this mode timer A functions as an interval timer that generates an overflow output at intervals of 256 input clock pulses. Note: * For details on interrupts, see 3.3, Interrupts. 170 2. Real-time clock time base operation When bit TMA3 in TMA is set to 1, timer A functions as a real-time clock time base by counting clock signals output by prescaler W. The overflow period of timer A is set by bits TMA1 and TMA0 in TMA. A choice of four periods is available. In time base operation (TMA3 = 1), setting bit TMA2 to 1 clears both TCA and prescaler W to their initial values of H'00. 3. Clock output Setting bit TMOW in port mode register 1 (PMR1) to 1 causes a clock signal to be output at pin TMOW. Eight different clock output signals can be selected by means of bits TMA7 to TMA5 in TMA. The system clock divided by 32, 16, 8, or 4 can be output in active mode and sleep mode. A 32.768 kHz signal divided by 32, 16, 8, or 4 can be output in active mode, sleep mode, and subactive mode. 9.2.4 Timer A Operation States Table 9-2-3 summarizes the timer A operation states. Table 9-2-3 Timer A Operation States Watch Subactive Subsleep Standby Reset Functions Functions Halted Halted Halted Halted Reset Functions Functions Functions Functions Functions Halted Reset Functions Retained Retained Functions Retained Retained Operation Mode Reset Active TCA Interval Clock time base TMA Sleep Note: When real-time clock time-base functions are selected as the internal clock of TCA in active mode or sleep mode, the internal clock is not synchronous with the system clock, so it is synchronized by a synchronizing circuit. This may result in a maximum error of 1/ø (s) in the count cycle. 171 9.3 Timer F 9.3.1 Overview Timer F is a 16-bit timer with an output compare function. Compare match signals can be used to reset the counter, request an interrupt, or toggle the output. Timer F can also be used for external event counting, and can operate as two independent 8-bit timers, timer FH and timer FL. 1. Features Features of timer F are given below. • Choice of four internal clock sources (ø/32, ø/16, ø/4, ø/2) or an external clock (can be used as an external event counter). • Output from pin TMOFH is toggled by one compare match signal (the initial value of the toggle output can be set). • Counter can be reset by the compare match signal. • Two interrupt sources: counter overflow and compare match. • Can operate as two independent 8-bit timers (timer FH and timer FL) in 8-bit mode. Timer FH — 8-bit timer (clocked by timer FL overflow signals when timer F operates as a 16-bit timer). — Choice of four internal clocks (ø/32, ø/16, ø/4, ø/2). — Output from pin TMOFH is toggled by one compare match signal (the initial value of the toggle output can be set). — Counter can be reset by the compare match signal. — Two interrupt sources: counter overflow and compare match. Timer FL — 8-bit timer/event counter — Choice of four internal clocks (ø/32, ø/16, ø/4, ø/2) or event input at pin TMIF. — Output from pin TMOFL is toggled by one compare match signal (the initial value of the toggle output can be set). — Counter can be reset by the compare match signal. — Two interrupt sources: counter overflow and compare match. 172 2. Block diagram Figure 9-3-1 shows a block diagram of timer F. ø PSS IRRTFL TCRF TCFL TMIF Toggle circuit Compare circuit Internal data bus TMOFL OCRFL TCFH TMOFH Toggle circuit Compare circuit Match OCRFH TCSRF Notation: TCRF: TCSRF: TCFH: TCFL: OCRFH: OCRFL: IRRTFH: IRRTFL: PSS: IRRTFH Timer control register F Timer control status register F 8-bit timer counter FH 8-bit timer counter FL Output compare register FH Output compare register FL Timer FH interrupt request flag Timer FL interrupt request flag Prescaler S Figure 9-3-1 Block Diagram of Timer F 173 3. Pin configuration Table 9-3-1 shows the timer F pin configuration. Table 9-3-1 Pin Configuration Name Abbrev. I/O Function Timer F event input TMIF Input Event input to TCFL Timer FH output TMOFH Output Timer FH output Timer FL output TMOFL Output Timer FL output 4. Register configuration Table 9-3-2 shows the register configuration of timer F. Table 9-3-2 Timer F Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Timer control register F TCRF W H'00 H'FFB6 Timer control/status register F TCSRF R/W H'00 H'FFB7 8-bit timer counter FH TCFH R/W H'00 H'FFB8 8-bit timer counter FL TCFL R/W H'00 H'FFB9 Output compare register FH OCRFH R/W H'FF H'FFBA Output compare register FL OCRFL R/W H'FF H'FFBB 9.3.2 Register Descriptions 1. 16-bit timer counter (TCF) 8-bit timer counter (TCFH) 8-bit timer counter (TCFL) TCF Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W TCFH TCFL 174 TCF is a 16-bit read/write up-counter consisting of two cascaded 8-bit timer counters, TCFH and TCFL. TCF can be used as a 16-bit counter, with TCFH as the upper 8 bits and TCFL as the lower 8 bits of the counter, or TCFH and TCFL can be used as independent 8-bit counters. TCFH and TCFL can be read and written by the CPU, but in 16-bit mode, data transfer with the CPU takes place via a temporary register (TEMP). For details see 9.3.3, Interface with the CPU. Upon reset, TCFH and TCFL are each initialized to H'00. • 16-bit mode (TCF) 16-bit mode is selected by clearing bit CKSH2 to 0 in timer control register F (TCRF). The TCF input clock is selected by TCRF bits CKSL2 to CKSL0. Timer control status register F (TCSRF) can be set so that counter TCF will be cleared by compare match. When TCF overflows from H'FFFF to H'0000, the overflow flag (OVFH) in TCSRF is set to 1. If bit OVIEH in TCSRF is set to 1 when an overflow occurs, bit IRRTFH in interrupt request register 2 (IRR2) will be set to 1; and if bit IENTFH in interrupt enable register 2 (IENR2) is set to 1, a CPU interrupt will be requested. • 8-bit mode (TCFH, TCFL) When bit CKSH2 in timer control register F (TCRF) is set to 1, timer F functions as two separate 8-bit counters, TCFH and TCFL. The TCFH (TCFL) input clock is selected by TCRF bits CKSH2 to CKSH0 (CKSL2 to CKSL0). TCFH (TCFL) can be cleared by a compare match signal. This designation is made in bit CCLRH (CCLRL) in TCSRF. When TCFH (TCFL) overflows from H'FF to H'00, the overflow flag OVFH (OVFL) in TCSRF is set to 1. If bit OVIEH (OVIEL) in TCSRF is set to 1 when an overflow occurs, bit IRRTFH (IRRTHL) in interrupt request register 2 (IRR2) will be set to 1; and if bit IENTFH (IENTFL) in interrupt enable register 2 (IENR2) is set to 1, a CPU interrupt will be requested. 175 2. 16-bit output compare register (OCRF) 8-bit output compare register (OCRFH) 8-bit output compare register (OCRFL) OCRF Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W OCRFH OCRFL OCRF is a 16-bit read/write output compare register consisting of two 8-bit read/write registers OCRFH and OCRFL. It can be used as a 16-bit output compare register, with OCRFH as the upper 8 bits and OCRFL as the lower 8 bits of the register, or OCRFH and OCRFL can be used as independent 8-bit registers. OCRFH and OCRFL can be read and written by the CPU, but in 16-bit mode, data transfer with the CPU takes place via a temporary register (TEMP). For details see 9.3.3, Interface with the CPU. Upon reset, OCRFH and OCRFL are each initialized to H'FF. • 16-bit mode (OCRF) 16-bit mode is selected by clearing bit CKSH2 to 0 in timer control register F (TCRF). The OCRF contents are always compared with the 16-bit timer counter (TCF). When the contents match, the compare match flag (CMFH) in TCSRF is set to 1. Also, IRRTFH in interrupt request register 2 (IRR2) is set to 1. If bit IENTFH in interrupt enable register 2 (IENR2) is set to 1, a CPU interrupt is requested. Output for pin TMOFH can be toggled by compare match. The output level can also be set to high or low by bit TOLH of timer control register F (TCRF). • 8-bit mode (OCRFH, OCRFL) Setting bit CKSH2 in TCRF to 1 results in two independent output compare registers, OCRFH and OCRFL. The OCRFH contents are always compared with TCFH, and the OCRFL contents are always compared with TCFL. When the contents match, the compare match flag (CMFH or CMFL) in TCSRF is set to 1. Also, bit IRRTFH (IRRTFL) in interrupt request register 2 (IRR2) set to 1. If bit IENTFH (IENTFL) in interrupt enable register 2 (IENR2) is set to 1 at this time, a CPU interrupt is requested. 176 The output at pin TMOFH (TMOFL) can be toggled by compare match. The output level can also be set to high or low by bit TOLH (TOLL) of the timer control register (TCRF). 3. Timer control register F (TCRF) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TOLH CKSH2 CKSH1 CKSH0 TOLL CKSL2 CKSL1 CKSL0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W TCRF is an 8-bit write-only register. It is used to switch between 16-bit mode and 8-bit mode, to select among four internal clocks and an external clock, and to select the output level at pins TMOFH and TMOFL. Upon reset, TCRF is initialized to H'00. Bit 7: Toggle output level H (TOLH) Bit 7 sets the output level at pin TMOFH. The setting goes into effect immediately after this bit is written. Bit 7 TOLH Description 0 Low level 1 High level (initial value) Bits 6 to 4: Clock select H (CKSH2 to CKSH0) Bits 6 to 4 select the input to TCFH from four internal clock signals or the overflow of TCFL. Bit 6 CKSH2 Bit 5 CKSH1 Bit 4 CKSH0 0 * * 16-bit mode selected. TCFL overflow signals are counted. 1 0 0 Internal clock: ø/32 1 0 1 Internal clock: ø/16 1 1 0 Internal clock: ø/4 1 1 1 Internal clock: ø/2 Description Note: * Don’t care 177 (initial value) Bit 3: Toggle output level L (TOLL) Bit 3 sets the output level at pin TMOFL. The setting goes into effect immediately after this bit is written. Bit 3 TOLL Description 0 Low level 1 High level (initial value) Bits 2 to 0: Clock select L (CKSL2 to CKSL0) Bits 2 to 0 select the input to TCFL from four internal clock signals or external event input. Bit 2 CKSL2 Bit 1 CKSL1 Bit 0 CKSL0 0 * * External event (TMIF). Rising or falling edge is counted (see note). 1 0 0 Internal clock: ø/32 1 0 1 Internal clock: ø/16 1 1 0 Internal clock: ø/4 1 1 1 Internal clock: ø/2 Description (initial value) * Don’t care Note: The edge of the external event signal is selected by bit IEG3 in the IRQ edge select register (IEGR). See 3.3.2, Interrupt Control Registers, for details on the IRQ edge select register. Note that switching the TMIF pin function by changing bit IRQ3 in port mode register 1 (PMR1) from 0 to 1 or from 1 to 0 while the TMIF pin is at the low level may cause the timer F counter to be incremented. 4. Timer control/status register F (TCSRF) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 OVFH CMFH OVIEH CCLRH OVFL CMFL OVIEL CCLRL Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W * R/W * R/W R/W R/W* R/W * R/W R/W Note: * Only 0 can be written, to clear flag. TCSRF is an 8-bit read/write register. It is used for counter clear selection, overflow and compare match indication, and enabling of interrupts caused by timer overflow. Upon reset TCSRF is initialized to H'00. 178 Bit 7: Timer overflow flag H (OVFH) Bit 7 is a status flag indicating TCFH overflow (H'FF to H'00). This flag is set by hardware and cleared by software. It cannot be set by software. Bit 7 OVFH Description 0 Clearing conditions: After reading OVFH = 1, cleared by writing 0 to OVFH 1 Setting conditions: Set when the value of TCFH goes from H'FF to H'00 (initial value) Bit 6: Compare match flag H (CMFH) Bit 6 is a status flag indicating a compare match between TCFH and OCRFH. This flag is set by hardware and cleared by software. It cannot be set by software. Bit 6 CMFH Description 0 Clearing conditions: After reading CMFH = 1, cleared by writing 0 to CMFH 1 Setting conditions: Set when the TCFH value matches OCRFH value (initial value) Bit 5: Timer overflow interrupt enable H (OVIEH) Bit 5 enables or disables TCFH overflow interrupts. Bit 5 OVIEH Description 0 TCFH overflow interrupt disabled 1 TCFH overflow interrupt enabled (initial value) 179 Bit 4: Counter clear H (CCLRH) In 16-bit mode, bit 4 selects whether or not TCF is cleared when a compare match occurs between TCF and OCRF. In 8-bit mode, bit 4 selects whether or not TCFH is cleared when a compare match occurs between TCFH and OCRFH. Bit 4 CCLRH Description 0 16-bit mode: TCF clearing by compare match disabled 8-bit mode: TCFH clearing by compare match disabled 1 16-bit mode: TCF clearing by compare match enabled 8-bit mode: TCFH clearing by compare match enabled (initial value) Bit 3: Timer overflow flag L (OVFL) Bit 3 is a status flag indicating TCFL overflow (H'FF to H'00). This flag is set by hardware and cleared by software. It cannot be set by software. Bit 3 OVFL Description 0 Clearing conditions: After reading OVFL = 1, cleared by writing 0 to OVFL 1 Setting conditions: Set when the value of TCFL goes from H'FF to H'00 (initial value) Bit 2: Compare match flag L (CMFL) Bit 2 is a status flag indicating a compare match between TCFL and OCRFL. This flag is set by hardware and cleared by software. It cannot be set by software. Bit 2 CMFL Description 0 Clearing conditions: After reading CMFL = 1, cleared by writing 0 to CMFL 1 Setting conditions: Set when the TCFL value matches the OCRFL value 180 (initial value) Bit 1: Timer overflow interrupt enable L (OVIEL) Bit 1 enables or disables TCFL overflow interrupts. Bit 1 OVIEL Description 0 TCFL overflow interrupt disabled 1 TCFL overflow interrupt enabled (initial value) Bit 0: Counter clear L (CCLRL) Bit 0 selects whether or not TCFL is cleared when a compare match occurs between TCFL and OCRFL. Bit 0 CCLRL Description 0 TCFL clearing by compare match disabled 1 TCFL clearing by compare match enabled (initial value) 9.3.3 Interface with the CPU TCF and OCRF are 16-bit read/write registers, whereas the data bus between the CPU and on-chip peripheral modules has an 8-bit width. For this reason, when the CPU accesses TCF or OCRF, it makes use of an 8-bit temporary register (TEMP). In 16-bit mode, when reading or writing TCF or writing OCRF, always use two consecutive byte size MOV instructions, and always access the upper byte first. Data will not be transferred properly if only the upper byte or only the lower byte is accessed. In 8-bit mode there is no such restriction on the order of access. • Write access When the upper byte is written, the upper-byte data is loaded into the TEMP register. Next when the lower byte is written, the data in TEMP goes to the upper byte of the register, and the lowerbyte data goes directly to the lower byte of the register. Figure 9-3-2 shows a TCF write operation when H'AA55 is written to TCF. 181 • Read access When the upper byte of TCF is read, the upper-byte data is sent directly to the CPU, and the lower byte is loaded into TEMP. Next when the lower byte is read, the lower byte in TEMP is sent to the CPU. When the upper byte of OCRF is read, the upper-byte data is sent directly to the CPU. Next when the lower byte is read, the lower-byte data is sent directly to the CPU. Figure 9-3-3 shows a TCF read operation when H'AAFF is read from TCF. 182 CPU (H'AA) Bus interface Upper byte write Internal data bus TEMP (H'AA) TCFH ( ) TCFL ( ) CPU (H'55) Bus interface Lower byte write Internal data bus TEMP (H'AA) TCFH (H'AA) TCFL (H'55) Figure 9-3-2 TCF Write Operation (CPU → TCF) 183 CPU (H'AA) Bus interface Upper byte read Internal data bus TEMP (H'FF) TCFH (H'AA) TCFL (H'FF) CPU (H'FF) Bus interface Lower byte read Internal data bus TEMP (H'FF) TCFH (AB) * TCFL (00) * Note: * Becomes H'AB00 if counter is incremented once. Figure 9-3-3 TCF Read Operation (TCF → CPU) 184 9.3.4 Timer Operation Timer F is a 16-bit timer/counter that increments with each input clock. When the value set in output compare register F matches the count in timer F, the timer can be cleared, an interrupt can be requested, and the port output can be toggled. Timer F can also be used as two independent 8-bit timers. 1. Timer F operation Timer F can operate in either 16-bit timer mode or 8-bit timer mode. These modes are described below. • 16-bit timer mode Timer F operates in 16-bit timer mode when the CKSH2 bit in timer control register F (TCRF) is cleared to 0. A reset initializes timer counter F (TCF) to H'0000, output compare register F (OCRF) to H'FFFF, and timer control register F (TCRF) and timer control status register F (TCSRF) to H'00. Timer F begins counting external event input signals (TMIF). The edge of the external event signal is selected by the IEG3 bit in the IRQ edge select register (IEGR). Instead of counting external events, timer F can be switched by bits CKSL2 to CKSL0 in TCRF to count one of four internal clocks output by prescaler S. TCF is continuously compared with the contents of OCRF. When these two values match, the CMFH bit in TCSRF is set to 1. At this time if IENTFH of IENR2 is 1, a CPU interrupt is requested and the output at pin TMOFH is toggled. If the CCLRH bit in TCSRF is 1, timer F is cleared. The output at pin TMOFH can also be set by the TOLH bit in TCRF. If timer F overflows (from H'FFFF to H'0000), the OVFH bit in TCSRF is set to 1. At this time, if the OVIEH bit in TCSRF and the IENTFH bit in IENR2 are both 1, a CPU interrupt is requested. 185 • 8-bit timer mode When the CKSH2 bit in TCRF is set to 1, timer F operates as two independent 8-bit timers, TCFH and TCFL. The input clock of TCFH/TCFL is selected by bits CKSH2 to CKSH0/CKSL2 to CKSL0 in TCRF. When TCFH/TCFL and the contents of OCRFH/OCRFL match, the CMFH/CMFL bit in TCSRF is set to 1. If the IENTFH/IENTFL bit in IENR2 is 1, a CPU interrupt is requested and the output at pin TMOFH/TMOFL is toggled. If the CCLRH/CCLRL bit in TCRF is 1, TCFH/TCFL is cleared. The output at pin TMOFH/TMOFL can also be set by the TOLH/TOLL bit in TCRF. When TCFH/TCFL overflows from H'FF to H'00, the OVFH/OVFL bit in TCSRF is set to 1. At this time, if the OVIEH/OVIEL bit in TCSRF and the IENTFH/IENTFL bit in IENR2 are both 1, a CPU interrupt is requested. 2. TCF count timing TCF is incremented by each pulse of the input clock (internal or external clock). • Internal clock The settings of bits CKSH2 to CKSH0 or bits CKSL2 to CKSL0 in TCRF select one of four internal clock signals divided from the system clock (ø), namely, ø/32, ø/16, ø/4, or ø/2. • External clock External clock input is selected by clearing bit CKSL2 to 0 in TCRF. Either rising or falling edges of the clock input can be counted. The edge is selected by bit IEG3 in IEGR. An external clock pulse width of at least two system clock cycles (ø) is necessary; otherwise the counter will not operate properly. 186 3. TMOFH and TMOFL output timing The outputs at pins TMOFH and TMOFL are the values set in bits TOLH and TOLL in TCRF. When a compare match occurs, the output value is inverted. Figure 9-3-4 shows the output timing. ø TMIF (when IEG3 = 1) Count input clock TCF OCRF N N+1 N N N+1 N Compare match signal TMOFH, TMOFL Figure 9-3-4 TMOFH, TMOFL Output Timing 4. TCF clear timing TCF can be cleared at compare match with OCRF. 5. Timer overflow flag (OVF) set timing OVF is set to 1 when TCF overflows (goes from H'FFFF to H'0000). 6. Compare match flag set timing The compare match flags (CMFH or CMFL) are set to 1 when a compare match occurs between TCF and OCRF. A compare match signal is generated in the final state in which the values match (when TCF changes from the matching count value to the next value). When TCF and OCRF match, a compare match signal is not generated until the next counter clock pulse. 187 7. Timer F operation states Table 9-3-3 summarizes the timer F operation states. Table 9-3-3 Timer F Operation States Operation Mode Reset Active Sleep Watch Subactive Subsleep Standby TCF Reset Functions Functions Halted Halted Halted Halted OCRF Reset Functions Retained Retained Retained Retained Retained TCRF Reset Functions Retained Retained Retained Retained Retained TCSRF Reset Functions Retained Retained Retained Retained Retained 9.3.5 Application Notes The following conflicts can arise in timer F operation. 1. 16-bit timer mode The output at pin TMOFH toggles when all 16 bits match and a compare match signal is generated. If the compare match signal occurs at the same time as new data is written in TCRF by a MOV instruction, however, the new value written in bit TOLH will be output at pin TMOFH. The TMOFL output in 16-bit mode is indeterminate, so this output should not be used. Use the pin as a general input or output port. If an OCRFL write occurs at the same time as a compare match signal, the compare match signal is inhibited. If a compare match occurs between the written data and the counter value, however, a compare match signal will be generated at that point. The compare match signal is output in synchronization with the TCFL clock, so if this clock is stopped no compare match signal will be generated, even if a compare match occurs. Compare match flag CMFH is set when all 16 bits match and a compare match signal is generated; bit CMFL is set when the setting conditions are met for the lower 8 bits. The overflow flag (OVFH) is set when TCF overflows; bit OVFL is set if the setting conditions are met when the lower 8 bits overflow. If a write to TCFL occurs at the same time as an overflow signal, the overflow signal is not output. 188 2. 8-bit timer mode TCFH and OCRFH The output at pin TMOFH toggles when there is a compare match. If the compare match signal occurs at the same time as new data is written in TCRF by a MOV instruction, however, the new value written in bit TOLH will be output at pin TMOFH. If an OCRFH write occurs at the same time as a compare match signal, the compare match signal is inhibited. If a compare match occurs between the written data and the counter value, however, a compare match signal will be generated at that point. The compare match signal is output in synchronization with the TCFH clock. If a TCFH write occurs at the same time as an overflow signal, the overflow signal is not output. TCFL and OCRFL The output at pin TMOFL toggles when there is a compare match. If the compare match signal occurs at the same time as new data is written in TCRF by a MOV instruction, however, the new value written in bit TOLL will be output at pin TMOFL. If an OCRFL write occurs at the same time as a compare match signal, the compare match signal is inhibited. If a compare match occurs between the written data and the counter value, however, a compare match signal will be generated at that point. The compare match signal is output in synchronization with the TCFL clock, so if this clock is stopped no compare match signal will be generated, even if a compare match occurs. If a TCFL write occurs at the same time as an overflow signal, the overflow signal is not output. 189 9.4 Timer G 9.4.1 Overview Timer G is an 8-bit timer, with input capture functions for separately capturing the rising edge and falling edge of pulses input at the input capture pin (input capture input signal). Timer G has a built-in noise canceller circuit that can eliminate high-frequency noise from the input capture signal, enabling accurate measurement of its duty cycle. When timer G is not used for input capture, it functions as an 8-bit interval timer. 1. Features Features of timer G are given below. • Choice of four internal clock sources (ø/64, ø/32, ø/2, øW/2) • Input capture function Separate input capture registers are provided for the rising and falling edges. • Counter overflow detection Can detect whether overflow occurred when the input capture signal was high or low. • Choice of counter clear triggers The counter can be cleared at the rising edge, falling edge, or both edges of the input capture signal. • Two interrupt sources Interrupts can be requested by input capture and by overflow. For input capture, the rising or falling edge can be selected. • Built-in noise-canceller circuit The noise canceller circuit can eliminate high-frequency noise in the input capture signal. • Operates in subactive and subsleep modes When øW/2 is selected as the internal clock source, timer G can operate in the subactive and subsleep modes. 190 2. Block diagram Figure 9-4-1 shows a block diagram of timer G. PSS ø TMG ø W /2 TMIG Internal data bus Level sense circuit ICRGF Edge sense circuit Noise canceller circuit TCG NCS ICRGR IRRTG Notation: TMG: Timer mode register G TCG: Timer counter G ICRGF: Input capture register GF ICRGR: Input capture register GR IRRTG: Timer G interrupt request flag NCS: Noise canceller select PSS: Prescaler S Figure 9-4-1 Block Diagram of Timer G 3. Pin configuration Table 9-4-1 shows the timer G pin configuration. Table 9-4-1 Pin Configuration Name Abbrev. I/O Function Timer G capture input TMIG Input Timer G capture input 191 4. Register configuration Table 9-4-2 shows the register configuration of timer G. Table 9-4-2 Timer G Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Timer mode register G TMG R/W H'00 H'FFBC Timer counter G TCG — H'00 — Input capture register GF ICRGF R H'00 H'FFBD Input capture register GR ICRGR R H'00 H'FFBE 9.4.2 Register Descriptions 1. Timer counter G (TCG) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TCG7 TCG6 TCG5 TCG4 TCG3 TCG2 TCG1 TCG0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — — — — — — Timer counter G (TCG) is an 8-bit up-counter which is incremented by an input clock. The input clock signal is selected by bits CKS1 and CKS0 in timer mode register G (TMG). To use TCG as an input capture timer, set bit TMIG to 1 in PMR1; to use TCG as an interval timer, clear bit TMIG to 0.* When TCG is used as an input capture timer, the TCG value can be cleared at the rising edge, falling edge, or both edges of the input capture signal, depending on settings in TMG. When TCG overflows (goes from H'FF to H'00), if the timer overflow interrupt enable bit (OVIE) is set to 1 in TMG, bit IRRTG in interrupt request register 2 (IRR2) is set to 1. If in addition bit IENTG in interrupt enable register 2 (IENR2) is set to 1, a CPU interrupt is requested. Details on interrupts are given in 3.3, Interrupts. TCG cannot be read or written by the CPU. Upon reset, TCG is initialized to H'00. Note: * An input capture signal may be generated when TMIG is rewritten. 192 2. Input capture register GF (ICRGF) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ICRGF7 ICRGF6 ICRGF5 ICRGF4 ICRGF3 ICRGF2 ICRGF1 ICRGF0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R R R R R R R R ICRGF is an 8-bit read-only register. When the falling edge of the input capture signal is detected, the TCG value at that time is transferred to ICRGF. If the input capture interrupt select bit (IIEGS) is set to 1 in TMG, bit IRRTG in interrupt request register 2 (IRR2) is set to 1. If in addition bit IENTG in interrupt enable register 2 (IENR2) is set to 1, a CPU interrupt is requested. Details on interrupts are given in 3.3, Interrupts. To ensure proper input capture when the noise canceller is not used, the pulse width of the input capture signal should be at least 2ø or 2øSUB. Upon reset, ICRGF is initialized to H'00. 3. Input capture register GR (ICRGR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ICRGR7 ICRGR6 ICRGR5 ICRGR4 ICRGR3 ICRGR2 ICRGR1 ICRGR0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R R R R R R R R ICRGR is an 8-bit read-only register. When the rising edge of the input capture signal is detected, the TCG value at that time is sent to ICRGR. If the IIEGS bit is cleared to 0 in TMG, bit IRRTG in interrupt request register 2 (IRR2) is set to 1. If in addition bit IENTG in interrupt enable register 2 (IENR2) is set to 1, a CPU interrupt is requested. Details on interrupts are given in 3.3, Interrupts. To ensure proper input capture when the noise canceller is not used, the pulse width of the input capture signal should be at least 2ø or 2øSUB. Upon reset, ICRGR is initialized to H'00. 193 4. Timer mode register G (TMG) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 OVFH OVFL OVIE IIEGS CCLR1 CCLR0 CKS1 CKS0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W * R/W * R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Note: * Only 0 can be written, to clear flag. TMG is an 8-bit read/write register. It controls the choice of four input clocks, counter clear selection, and edge selection for input capture interrupt requests. It also indicates overflow status and enables or disables overflow interrupt requests. Upon reset, TMG is initialized to H'00. Bit 7: Timer overflow flag H (OVFH) Bit 7 is a status flag indicating that TCG overflowed (from H'FF to H'00) when the input capture signal was high. This flag is set by hardware and cleared by software. It cannot be set by software. Bit 7 OVFH Description 0 Clearing conditions: After reading OVFH = 1, cleared by writing 0 to OVFH 1 Setting conditions: Set when the value of TCG overflows from H'FF to H'00 (initial value) Bit 6: Timer overflow flag L (OVFL) Bit 6 is a status flag indicating that TCG overflowed (from H'FF to H'00) when the input capture signal was low, or in interval timer operation. This flag is set by hardware and cleared by software. It cannot be set by software. Bit 6 OVFL Description 0 Clearing conditions: After reading OVFL = 1, cleared by writing 0 to OVFL 1 Setting conditions: Set when the value of TCG overflows from H'FF to H'00 194 (initial value) Bit 5: Timer overflow interrupt enable (OVIE) Bit 5 enables or disables TCG overflow interrupts. Bit 5 OVIE Description 0 TCG overflow interrupt disabled 1 TCG overflow interrupt enabled (initial value) Bit 4: Input capture interrupt edge select (IIEGS) Bit 4 selects the input signal edge at which input capture interrupts are requested. Bit 4 IIEGS Description 0 Interrupts are requested at the rising edge of the input capture signal 1 Interrupts are requested at the falling edge of the input capture signal (initial value) Bits 3, 2: Counter clear 1, 0 (CCLR1, CCLR0) Bits 3 and 2 designate whether TCG is cleared at the rising, falling, or both edges of the input capture signal, or is not cleared. Bit 3 CCLR1 Bit 2 CCLR0 Description 0 0 TCG is not cleared 0 1 TCG is cleared at the falling edge of the input capture signal 1 0 TCG is cleared at the rising edge of the input capture signal 1 1 TCG is cleared at both edges of the input capture signal (initial value) Bits 1, 0: Clock select (CKS1, CKS0) Bits 1 and 0 select the clock input to TCG from four internal clock signals. Bit 1 CKS1 Bit 0 CKS0 Description 0 0 Internal clock: ø/64 0 1 Internal clock: ø/32 1 0 Internal clock: ø/2 1 1 Internal clock: øW/2 (initial value) 195 9.4.3 Noise Canceller Circuit The noise canceller circuit built into the H8/3814 Series is a digital low-pass filter that rejects high-frequency pulse noise in the input at the input capture pin. The noise canceller circuit is enabled by the noise canceller select (NCS) bit in port mode register 2 (PMR2)*. Figure 9-4-2 shows a block diagram of the noise canceller circuit. Sampling clock Input capture signal C D Q latch C D Q latch C D Q latch C D Q latch C D Q latch Match detection circuit Noise canceller output ∆t Sampling clock ∆ t: Selected by bits CKS1, CKS0. Figure 9-4-2 Block Diagram of Noise Canceller Circuit The noise canceller consists of five latch circuits connected in series, and a match detection circuit. When the noise canceller function is disabled (NCS = 0), the system clock is selected as the sampling clock. When the noise canceller is enabled (NCS = 1), the internal clock selected by bits CKS1 and CKS0 in TMG becomes the sampling clock. The input signal is sampled at the rising edge of this clock pulse. Data is considered correct when the outputs of all five latch circuits match. If they do not match, the previous value is retained. Upon reset, the noise canceller output is initialized after the falling edge of the input capture signal has been sampled five times. Accordingly, after the noise canceller function is enabled, pulses that have a pulse width five times greater than the sampling clock will be recognized as input capture signals. If the noise canceller circuit is not used, the input capture signal pulse width must be at least 2ø or 2øSUB in order to ensure proper input capture operation. 196 Note: * Rewriting the NCS bit may cause an internal input capture signal to be generated. Figure 9-4-3 shows a typical timing diagram for the noise canceller circuit. In this example, a high-level input at the input capture pin is rejected as noise because its pulse width is less than five sampling clock ø cycles. Input capture input signal Sampling clock Noise canceller output Rejected as noise Figure 9-4-3 Noise Canceller Circuit Timing (Example) 9.4.4 Timer Operation Timer G is an 8-bit timer with input capture and interval timer functions. 1. Timer G functions Timer G is an 8-bit timer/counter that functions as an input capture timer or an interval timer. These two functions are described below. • Input capture timer operation Timer G functions as an input capture timer when bit TMIG of port mode register 1 (PMR1) is set to 1.* At reset, timer mode register G (TMG), timer counter G (TCG), input capture register GF (ICRGF), and input capture register GR (ICRGR) are all initialized to H'00. Immediately after reset, TCG begins counting an internal clock with a frequency of ø divided by 64 (ø/64). Three other internal clocks can be selected using bits CKS1 and CKS0 of TMG. At the rising edge/falling edge of the input capture signal input to pin TMIG, the value of TCG is copied into ICRGR/ICRGF. If the input edge is the same as the edge selected by the IIEGS bit of TMG, then bit IRRTG is set to 1 in IRR2. If bit IENTG is also set to 1 in IENR2, a CPU interrupt is requested. For details on interrupts, see section 3.3, Interrupts. 197 TCG can be cleared to 0 at the rising edge, falling edge, or both edges of the input capture signal as determined with bits CCLR1 and CCLR0 of TMG. If TCG overflows while the input capture signal is high, bit OVFH of TMG is set. If TCG overflows while the input capture signal is low, bit OVFL of TMG is set. When either of these bits is set, if bit OVIE of TMG is currently set to 1, then bit IRRTG is set to 1 in IRR2. If bit IENTG is also set to 1 in IENR2, then timer G requests a CPU interrupt. For further details see 3.3, Interrupts. Timer G has a noise canceller circuit that rejects high-frequency pulse noise in the input to pin TMIG. See 9.4.3, Noise Canceller Circuit, for details. Note: * Rewriting the TMIG bit may cause an internal input capture signal to be generated. • Interval timer operation Timer G functions as an interval timer when bit TMIG is cleared to 0 in PMR1. Following a reset, TCG starts counting cycles of the ø/64 internal clock. This is one of four internal clock sources that can be selected by bits CKS1 and CKS0 of TMG. TCG counts up according to the selected clock source. When it overflows from H'FF to H'00, bit OVFL of TMG is set to 1. If bit OVIE of TMG is currently set to 1, then bit IRRTG is set to 1 in IRR2. If bit IENTG is also set to 1 in IENR2, then timer G requests a CPU interrupt. For further details see 3.3, Interrupts. 2. Count timing TCG is incremented by input pulses from an internal clock. TMG bits CKS1 and CKS0 select one of four internal clocks (ø/64, ø/32, ø/2, øW/2) derived by dividing the system clock (ø) or the watch clock (øW). 198 3. Timing of internal input capture signals • Timing with noise canceller function disabled Separate internal input capture signals are generated from the rising and falling edges of the external input signal. Figure 9-4-4 shows the timing of these signals. External input capture signal Internal input capture signal F Internal input capture signal R Figure 9-4-4 Input Capture Signal Timing (Noise Canceller Function Disabled) • Timing with noise canceller function enabled When input capture noise cancelling is enabled, the external input capture signal is routed via the noise canceller circuit, so the internal signals are delayed from the input edge by five sampling clock cycles. Figure 9-4-5 shows the timing. External input capture signal Sampling clock Noise canceller circuit output Internal input capture signal R Figure 9-4-5 Input Capture Signal Timing (Noise Canceller Function Enabled) 199 4. Timing of input capture Figure 9-4-6 shows the input capture timing in relation to the internal input capture signal. Internal input capture signal TCG Input capture register N –1 N N +1 H'XX N Figure 9-4-6 Input Capture Timing 5. TCG clear timing TCG can be cleared at the rising edge, falling edge, or both edges of the external input capture signal. Figure 9-4-7 shows the timing for clearing at both edges. External input capture signal Internal input capture signal F Internal input capture signal R TCG N H'00 Figure 9-4-7 TCG Clear Timing 200 N H'00 6. Timer G operation states Table 9-4-3 summarizes the timer G operation states. Table 9-4-3 Timer G Operation States Subactive Subsleep Functions/ Halted* Functions/ Halted Halted* Reset Functions* Functions* Retained Functions/ Halted* Functions/ Halted Halted* ICRGF Reset Functions* Functions* Retained Functions/ Halted* Functions/ Retained Halted* ICRGR Reset Functions* Functions* Retained Functions/ Halted* Functions/ Retained Halted* TMG Reset Functions Retained Operation Mode Reset Active Sleep Watch TCG Input capture Reset Functions* Functions* Halted Interval Retained Retained Functions Standby Retained Note: * In active mode and sleep mode, if øW/2 is selected as the TCG internal clock, since the system clock and internal clock are not synchronized with each other, a synchronization circuit is used. This may result in a count cycle error of up to 1/ø (s). In subactive mode and subsleep mode, if øW/2 is selected as the TCG internal clock, regardless of the subclock ø/SUB (øW/2, øW/4, øW/8) TCG and the noise canceller circuit run on an internal clock of øW/2. If any other internal clock is chosen, TCG and the noise canceller circuit will not run, and the input capture function will not operate. 9.4.5 Application Notes 1. Input clock switching and TCG operation Depending on when the input clock is switched, there will be cases in which TCG is incremented in the process. Table 9-4-4 shows the relation between internal clock switchover timing (selected in bits CKS1 and CKS0) and TCG operation. If an internal clock (derived from the system clock ø or subclock øSUB) is used, an increment pulse is generated when a falling edge of the internal clock is detected. For this reason, in a case like No. 3 in table 9-4-4, where the clock is switched at a time such that the clock signal goes from high level before switching to low level after switching, the switchover is seen as a falling edge of the clock pulse, causing TCG to be incremented. 201 Table 9-4-4 Internal Clock Switching and TCG Operation No. 1 Clock Level Before and After Modifying Bits CKS1 and CKS0 Goes from low level to low level TCG Operation Clock before switching Clock after switching Count clock N +1 N TCG CKS bits modified 2 Goes from low level to high level Clock before switching Clock after switching Count clock N TCG N +1 N +2 CKS bits modified 3 Goes from high level to low level Clock before switching Clock after switching * Count clock N TCG N +1 N +2 CKS bits modified 4 Goes from high level to high level Clock before switching Clock after switching Count clock TCG N N +1 N +2 CKS bits modified Note: * The switchover is seen as a falling edge of the clock pulse, and TCG is incremented. 202 2. Note on rewriting port mode registers When a port mode register setting is modified to enable or disable the input capture function or input capture noise canceling function, note the following points. • Switching the function of the input capture pin When the function of the input capture pin is switched by modifying the TMIG bit in port mode register 1 (PMR1), an input capture edge may be recognized even though no valid signal edge has been input. This occurs under the conditions listed in table 9-4-5. Table 9-4-5 False Input Capture Edges Generating by Switching of Input Capture Pin Function Input Capture Edge Conditions Rising edge recognized TMIG pin level is high, and TMIG bit is changed from 0 to 1 Falling edge recognized TMIG pin level is high, and TMIG bit is changed from 1 to 0 TMIG pin level is high and NCS bit is changed from 0 to 1, then TMIG bit is changed from 0 to 1 before noise canceller circuit completes five samples TMIG pin level is low and NCS bit is changed from 0 to 1, then TMIG bit is changed from 0 to 1 before noise canceller circuit completes five samples TMIG pin level is high and NCS bit is changed from 0 to 1, then TMIG bit is changed from 1 to 0 before noise canceller circuit completes five samples Note: When pin P13 is not used for input capture, the input capture signal input to timer G is low. • Switching the input capture noise canceling function When modifying the NCS bit in port mode register 2 (PMR2) to enable or disable the input capture noise canceling function, first clear the TMIG bit to 0. Otherwise an input capture edge may be recognized even though no valid signal edge has been input. This occurs under the conditions listed in table 9-4-6. Table 9-4-6 False Input Capture Edges Generating by Switching of Noise Canceling Function Input Capture Edge Conditions Rising edge recognized TMIG bit is set to 1 and TMIG pin level changes from low to high, then NCS bit is changed from 1 to 0 before noise canceller circuit completes five samples Falling edge recognized TMIG bit is set to 1 and TMIG pin level changes from high to low, then NCS bit is changed from 1 to 0 before noise canceller circuit completes five samples 203 If switching of the pin function generates a false input capture edge matching the edge selected by the input capture interrupt edge select bit (IIEGS), the interrupt request flag will be set to 1, making it necessary to clear this flag to 0 before using the interrupt function. Figure 9-4-8 shows the procedure for modifying port mode register settings and clearing the interrupt request flag. The first step is to mask interrupts before modifying the port mode register. After modifying the port mode register setting, wait long enough for an input capture edge to be recognized (at least two system clocks when noise canceling is disabled; at least five sampling clocks when noise canceling is enabled), then clear the interrupt request flag to 0 (assuming it has been set to 1). An alternative procedure is to avoid having the interrupt request flag set when the pin function is switched, either by controlling the level of the input capture pin so that it does not satisfy the conditions in tables 9-4-5 and 9-4-6, or by setting the IIEGS bit of TMG to select the edge opposite to the falsely generated edge. Set I bit to 1 in CCR Modify port mode register Wait for TMIG to be recognized Disable interrupts (or disable by clearing interrupt enable bit in interrupt enable register 2) Modify port mode register setting, wait for input capture edge to be recognized (at least two system clocks when noise canceling is disabled; at least five sampling clocks when noise canceling is enabled), then clear interrupt request flag to 0 Clear interrupt request flag to 0 Clear I bit to 0 in CCR Enable interrupts Figure 9-4-8 Procedure for Modifying Port Mode Register and Clearing Interrupt Request Flag 204 9.4.6 Sample Timer G Application The absolute values of the high and low widths of the input capture signal can be measured by using timer G. The CCLR1 and CCLR0 bits of TMG should be set to 1. Figure 9-4-9 shows an example of this operation. Input capture signal H'FF Input capture register GF Input capture register GR H'00 TCG Counter cleared Figure 9-4-9 Sample Timer G Application 205 Section 10 Serial Communication Interface 10.1 Overview The H8/3814 Series is provided with a two-channel serial communication interface (SCI). Table 10-1-1 summarizes the functions and features of the two SCI channels. Table 10-1-1 Serial Communication Interface Functions Channel Functions Features SCI1 Synchronous serial transfer • Choice of 8 internal clocks (ø/1024 to ø/2) or external clock • Choice of 8-bit or 16-bit data length • Open drain output possible • Continuous clock output • Interrupt requested at completion of transfer SCI3 Synchronous serial transfer • Built-in baud rate generator • 8-bit data transfer • Receive error detection • Send, receive, or simultaneous send/receive • Break detection • Interrupt requested at completion of transfer or error Asynchronous serial transfer • Multiprocessor communication function • Choice of 7-bit or 8-bit data length • Choice of 1-bit or 2-bit stop bit length • Odd or even parity 207 10.2 SCI1 10.2.1 Overview Serial communication interface 1 (SCI1) performs synchronous serial transfer of 8-bit or 16-bit data. 1. Features • Choice of 8-bit or 16-bit data length • Choice of eight internal clock sources (ø/1024, ø/256, ø/64, ø/32, ø/16, ø/8, ø/4, ø/2) or an external clock • Interrupt requested at completion of transfer 208 2. Block diagram Figure 10-2-1 shows a block diagram of SCI1. PSS SCR1 SCK1 Transmit/receive control circuit SCSR1 Internal data bus ø Transfer bit counter SDRU SI1 SDRL SO1 IRRS1 Notation: SCR1: Serial control register 1 SCSR1: Serial control/status register 1 SDRU: Serial data register U SDRL: Serial data register L IRRS1: SCI1 interrupt request flag PSS: Prescaler S Figure 10-2-1 SCI1 Block Diagram 209 3. Pin configuration Table 10-2-1 shows the SCI1 pin configuration. Table 10-2-1 Pin Configuration Name Abbrev. I/O Function SCI1 clock pin SCK1 I/O SCI1 clock input or output SCI1 data input pin SI1 Input SCI1 receive data input SCI1 data output pin SO1 Output SCI1 transmit data output 4. Register configuration Table 10-2-2 shows the SCI1 register configuration. Table 10-2-2 SCI1 Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Serial control register 1 SCR1 R/W H'00 H'FFA0 Serial control status register 1 SCSR1 R/W H'80 H'FFA1 Serial data register U SDRU R/W Not fixed H'FFA2 Serial data register L SDRL R/W Not fixed H'FFA3 10.2.2 Register Descriptions 1. Serial control register 1 (SCR1) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SNC1 SNC0 — — CKS3 CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W SCR1 is an 8-bit read/write register for selecting the operation mode, the transfer clock source, and the prescaler division ratio. Upon reset, SCR1 is initialized to H'00. Writing to this register during a transfer stops the transfer. 210 Bits 7 and 6: Operation mode select 1, 0 (SNC1, SNC0) Bits 7 and 6 select the operation mode. Bit 7 SNC1 Bit 6 SNC0 Description 0 0 8-bit synchronous transfer mode 0 1 16-bit synchronous transfer mode 1 0 Continuous clock output mode*1 1 1 Reserved*2 (initial value) Notes: 1. Pins SI1 and SO1 should be used as general input or output ports. 2. Don’t set bits SNC1 and SNC0 to 11. Bits 5 and 4: Reserved bits Bits 5 and 4 are reserved, but they can be written and read. Bit 3: Clock source select (CKS3) Bit 3 selects the clock source and sets pin SCK1 as an input or output pin. Bit 3 CKS3 Description 0 Clock source is prescaler S, and pin SCK1 is output pin 1 Clock source is external clock, and pin SCK1 is input pin 211 (initial value) Bits 2 to 0: Clock select (CKS2 to CKS 0) When CKS3 = 0, bits 2 to 0 select the prescaler division ratio and the serial clock cycle. Serial Clock Cycle Bit 2 CKS2 Bit 1 CKS1 Bit 0 CKS0 Prescaler Division ø = 5 MHz ø = 2.5 MHz 0 0 0 ø/1024 (initial value) 204.8 µs 409.6 µs 0 0 1 ø/256 51.2 µs 102.4 µs 0 1 0 ø/64 12.8 µs 25.6 µs 0 1 1 ø/32 6.4 µs 12.8 µs 1 0 0 ø/16 3.2 µs 6.4 µs 1 0 1 ø/8 1.6 µs 3.2 µs 1 1 0 ø/4 0.8 µs 1.6 µs 1 1 1 ø/2 — 0.8 µs 2. Serial control/status register 1 (SCSR1) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — SOL ORER — — — — STF Initial value 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write — R/W R/(W)* — — — R/W R/W Note: * Only a write of 0 for flag clearing is possible. SCSR1 is an 8-bit read/write register indicating operation status and error status. Upon reset, SCSR1 is initialized to H'80. Bit 7: Reserved bit Bit 7 is reserved; it is always read as 1, and cannot be modified. 212 Bit 6: Extended data bit (SOL) Bit 6 sets the SO1 output level. When read, SOL returns the output level at the SO1 pin. After completion of a transmission, SO1 continues to output the value of the last bit of transmitted data. The SO1 output can be changed by writing to SOL before or after a transmission. The SOL bit setting remains valid only until the start of the next transmission. To control the level of the SO1 pin after transmission ends, it is necessary to write to the SOL bit at the end of each transmission. Do not write to this register while transmission is in progress, because that may cause a malfunction. Bit 6 SOL Description 0 Read SO1 pin output level is low Write SO1 pin output level changes to low Read SO1 pin output level is high Write SO1 pin output level changes to high 1 (initial value) Bit 5: Overrun error flag (ORER) When an external clock is used, bit 5 indicates the occurrence of an overrun error. If a clock pulse is input after transfer completion, this bit is set to 1 indicating an overrun. If noise occurs during a transfer, causing an extraneous pulse to be superimposed on the normal serial clock, incorrect data may be transferred. Bit 5 ORER Description 0 Clearing conditions: After reading ORER = 1, cleared by writing 0 to ORER 1 Setting conditions: Set if a clock pulse is input after transfer is complete, when an external clock is used Bits 4 to 2: Reserved bits Bits 4 to 2 are reserved; they are always read as 0, and cannot be modified. Bit 1: Reserved bit Bit 1 is reserved; it should always be cleared to 0. 213 (initial value) Bit 0: Start flag (STF) Bit 0 controls the start of a transfer. Setting this bit to 1 causes SCI1 to start transferring data. During the transfer or while waiting for the first clock pulse, this bit remains set to 1. It is cleared to 0 upon completion of the transfer. It can therefore be used as a busy flag. Bit 0 STF Description 0 Read: Indicates that transfer is stopped (initial value) Write: Invalid 1 Read: Indicates transfer in progress Write: Starts a transfer operation 3. Serial data register U (SDRU) Bit Initial value Read/Write 7 6 5 4 3 2 SDRU7 SDRU6 SDRU5 SDRU4 SDRU3 SDRU2 1 0 SDRU1 SDRU0 Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W SDRU is an 8-bit read/write register. It is used as the data register for the upper 8 bits in 16-bit transfer (SDRL is used for the lower 8 bits). Data written to SDRU is output to SDRL starting from the least significant bit (LSB). This data is then replaced by LSB-first data input at pin SI1, which is shifted in the direction from the most significant bit (MSB) toward the LSB. SDRU must be written or read only after data transmission or reception is complete. If this register is written or read while a data transfer is in progress, the data contents are not guaranteed. The SDRU value upon reset is not fixed. 214 4. Serial data register L (SDRL) Bit Initial value 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SDRL7 SDRL6 SDRL5 SDRL4 SDRL3 SDRL2 SDRL1 SDRL0 Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W SDRL is an 8-bit read/write register. It is used as the data register in 8-bit transfer, and as the data register for the lower 8 bits in 16-bit transfer (SDRU is used for the upper 8 bits). In 8-bit transfer, data written to SDRL is output from pin SO1 starting from the least significant bit (LSB). This data is than replaced by LSB-first data input at pin SI1, which is shifted in the direction from the most significant bit (MSB) toward the LSB. In 16-bit transfer, operation is the same as for 8-bit transfer, except that input data is fed in via SDRU. SDRL must be written or read only after data transmission or reception is complete. If this register is read or written while a data transfer is in progress, the data contents are not guaranteed. The SDRL value upon reset is not fixed. 10.2.3 Operation Data can be sent and received in an 8-bit or 16-bit format, synchronized to an internal or external serial clock. Overrun errors can be detected when an external clock is used. 1. Clock The serial clock can be selected from a choice of eight internal clocks and an external clock. When an internal clock source is selected, pin SCK1 becomes the clock output pin. When continuous clock output mode is selected (SCR1 bits SNC1 and SNC0 are set to 10), the clock signal (ø/1024 to ø/2) selected in bits CKS2 to CKS0 is output continuously from pin SCK1. When an external clock is used, pin SCK1 is the clock input pin. 2. Data transfer format Figure 10-2-2 shows the data transfer format. Data is sent and received starting from the least significant bit, in LSB-first format. Transmit data is output from one falling edge of the serial clock until the next falling edge. Receive data is latched at the rising edge of the serial clock. 215 SCK 1 SO1 /SI 1 Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 Figure 10-2-2 Transfer Format 3. Data transfer operations • Transmitting A transmit operation is carried out as follows. — Set bit SO1 in port mode register 3 (PMR3) to 1, making pin P32/SO1 the SO1 output pin. Also set bit SCK1 in PMR3 to 1, making pin P30/SCK1 the SCK1 I/O pin. If necessary, set bit POF1 in port mode register 2 (PMR2) for NMOS open drain output at pin SO1. — Clear bit SNC1 in SCR1 to 0, and set bit SNC0 to 1 or 0, designating 8- or 16-bit synchronous transfer mode. Select the serial clock in bits CKS3 to CKS0. Writing data to SCR1 initializes the internal state of SCI1. — Write transmit data in SDRL and SDRU, as follows. 8-bit transfer mode: SDRL 16-bit transfer mode: Upper byte in SDRU, lower byte in SDRL — Set the SCSR1 start flag (STF) to 1. SCI1 starts operating and outputs transmit data at pin SO1. — After data transmission is complete, bit IRRS1 in interrupt request register 1 (IRR1) is set to 1. When an internal clock is used, a serial clock is output from pin SCK1 in synchronization with the transmit data. After data transmission is complete, the serial clock is not output until the next time the start flag is set to 1. During this time, pin SO1 continues to output the value of the last bit transmitted. 216 When an external clock is used, data is transmitted in synchronization with the serial clock input at pin SCK1. After data transmission is complete, an overrun occurs if the serial clock continues to be input; no data is transmitted and the SCSR1 overrun error flag (bit ORER) is set to 1. While transmission is stopped, the output value of pin SO1 can be changed by rewriting bit SOL in SCSR1. • Receiving A receive operation is carried out as follows. — Set bit SI1 in port mode register 3 (PMR3) to 1, making pin P31/SI1 the SI1 input pin. Also set bit SCK1 in PMR3 to 1, making pin P30/SCK1 the SCK1 I/O pin. — Clear bit SNC1 in SCR1 to 0, and set bit SNC0 to 1 or 0, designating 8- or 16-bit synchronous transfer mode. Select the serial clock in bits CKS3 to CKS0. Writing data to SCR1 initializes the internal state of SCI1. — Set the SCSR1 start flag (STF) to 1. SCI1 starts operating and receives data at pin SI1. — After data reception is complete, bit IRRS1 in interrupt request register 1 (IRR1) is set to 1. — Read the received data from SDRL and SDRU, as follows. 8-bit transfer mode: SDRL 16-bit transfer mode: Upper byte in SDRU, lower byte in SDRL — After data reception is complete, an overrun occurs if the serial clock continues to be input; no data is received and the SCSR1 overrun error flag (bit ORER) is set to 1. 217 • Simultaneous transmit/receive A simultaneous transmit/receive operation is carried out as follows. — Set bits SO1, SI1, and SCK1 in PMR3 to 1, making pin P32/SO1 the SO1 output pin, pin P31/SI1 the SI1 input pin, and pin P30/SCK1 the SCK1 I/O pin. If necessary, set bit POF1 in port mode register 2 (PMR2) for NMOS open drain output at pin SO1. — Clear bit SNC1 in SCR1 to 0, and set bit SNC0 to 1 or 0, designating 8- or 16-bit synchronous transfer mode. Select the serial clock in bits CKS3 to CKS0. Writing data to SCR1 initializes the internal state of SCI1. — Write transmit data in SDRL and SDRU, as follows. 8-bit transfer mode: SDRL 16-bit transfer mode: Upper byte in SDRU, lower byte in SDRL — Set the SCSR1 start flag (STF) to 1. SCI1 starts operating. Transmit data is output at pin SO1. Receive data is input at pin SI1. — After data transmission and reception are complete, bit IRRS1 in IRR1 is set to 1. — Read the received data from SDRL and SDRU, as follows. 8-bit transfer mode: SDRL 16-bit transfer mode: Upper byte in SDRU, lower byte in SDRL When an internal clock is used, a serial clock is output from pin SCK1 in synchronization with the transmit data. After data transmission is complete, the serial clock is not output until the next time the start flag is set to 1. During this time, pin SO1 continues to output the value of the last bit transmitted. When an external clock is used, data is transmitted and received in synchronization with the serial clock input at pin SCK1. After data transmission and reception are complete, an overrun occurs if the serial clock continues to be input; no data is transmitted or received and the SCSR1 overrun error flag (bit ORER) is set to 1. While transmission is stopped, the output value of pin SO1 can be changed by rewriting bit SOL in SCSR1. 218 10.2.4 Interrupts SCI1 can generate an interrupt at the end of a data transfer. When an SCI1 transfer is complete, bit IRRS1 in interrupt request register 1 (IRR1) is set to 1. SCI1 interrupt requests can be enabled or disabled by bit IENS1 of interrupt enable register 1 (IENR1). For further details, see 3.3, Interrupts. 10.2.5 Application Notes When an external clock is input at pin SCK1, bit STF in SCSR1 must first be set to 1 to start data transfer before inputting the external clock. 219 10.3 SCI3 10.3.1 Overview Serial communication interface 3 (SCI3) has both synchronous and asynchronous serial data communication capabilities. It also has a multiprocessor communication function for serial data communication among two or more processors. 1. Features SCI3 features are listed below. • Selection of asynchronous or synchronous mode a. Asynchronous mode SCI3 can communicate with a UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter), ACIA (asynchronous communication interface adapter), or other chip that employs standard asynchronous serial communication. It can also communicate with two or more other processors using the multiprocessor communication function. There are twelve selectable serial data communication formats. — — — — — — b. Data length: seven or eight bits Stop bit length: one or two bits Parity: even, odd, or none Multiprocessor bit: one or none Receive error detection: parity, overrun, and framing errors Break detection: by reading the RXD level directly when a framing error occurs Synchronous mode Serial data communication is synchronized with a clock signal. SCI3 can communicate with other chips having a clocked synchronous communication function. — Data length: eight bits — Receive error detection: overrun errors • Full duplex communication The transmitting and receiving sections are independent, so SCI3 can transmit and receive simultaneously. Both sections use double buffering, so continuous data transfer is possible in both the transmit and receive directions. 220 • Built-in baud rate generator with selectable bit rates. • Internal or external clock may be selected as the transfer clock source. • There are six interrupt sources: transmit end, transmit data empty, receive data full, overrun error, framing error, and parity error. 2. Block diagram Figure 10-3-1 shows a block diagram of SCI3. SCK 3 External clock Internal clock (ø/64, ø/16, ø/4, ø) Baud rate generator BRC BRR Clock Transmit/receive control SCR3 SSR TXD TSR TDR RXD RSR RDR Notation: RSR: RDR: TSR: TDR: SMR: SCR3: SSR: BRR: BRC: Internal data bus SMR Interrupt requests (TEI, TXI, RXI, ERI) Receive shift register Receive data register Transmit shift register Transmit data register Serial mode register Serial control register 3 Serial status register Bit rate register Bit rate counter Figure 10-3-1 SCI3 Block Diagram 221 3. Pin configuration Table 10-3-1 shows the SCI3 pin configuration. Table 10-3-1 Pin Configuration Name Abbrev. I/O Function SCI3 clock SCK3 I/O SCI3 clock input/output SCI3 receive data input RXD Input SCI3 receive data input SCI3 transmit data output TXD Output SCI3 transmit data output 4. Register configuration Table 10-3-2 shows the SCI3 internal register configuration. Table 10-3-2 SCI3 Registers Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address Serial mode register SMR R/W H'00 H'FFA8 Bit rate register BRR R/W H'FF H'FFA9 Serial control register 3 SCR3 R/W H'00 H'FFAA Transmit data register TDR R/W H'FF H'FFAB Serial status register SSR R/W H'84 H'FFAC Receive data register RDR R H'00 H'FFAD Transmit shift register TSR — — — Receive shift register RSR — — — Bit rate counter BRC — — — 222 10.3.2 Register Descriptions 1. Receive shift register (RSR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Read/Write — — — — — — — — The receive shift register (RSR) is for receiving serial data. Serial data is input in LSB-first order into RSR from pin RXD, converting it to parallel data. After each byte of data has been received, the byte is automatically transferred to the receive data register (RDR). RSR cannot be read or written directly by the CPU. 2. Receive data register (RDR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RDR7 RDR6 RDR5 RDR4 RDR3 RDR2 RDR1 RDR0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R R R R R R R R The receive data register (RDR) is an 8-bit register for storing received serial data. Each time a byte of data is received, the received data is transferred from the receive shift register (RSR) to RDR, completing a receive operation. Thereafter RSR again becomes ready to receive new data. RSR and RDR form a double buffer mechanism that allows data to be received continuously. RDR is exclusively for receiving data and cannot be written by the CPU. RDR is initialized to H'00 upon reset or in standby mode, watch mode, subactive mode, or subsleep mode. 223 3. Transmit shift register (TSR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Read/Write — — — — — — — — The transmit shift register (TSR) is for transmitting serial data. Transmit data is first transferred from the transmit data register (TDR) to TSR, then is transmitted from pin TXD, starting from the LSB (bit 0). After one byte of data has been sent, the next byte is automatically transferred from TDR to TSR, and the next transmission begins. If no data has been written to TDR (1 is set in TDRE), there is no data transfer from TDR to TSR. TSR cannot be read or written directly by the CPU. 4. Transmit data register (TDR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TDR7 TDR6 TDR5 TDR4 TDR3 TDR2 TDR1 TDR0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W The transmit data register (TDR) is an 8-bit register for holding transmit data. When SCI3 detects that the transmit shift register (TSR) is empty, it shifts transmit data written in TDR to TSR and starts serial data transmission. While TSR is transmitting serial data, the next byte to be transmitted can be written to TDR, realizing continuous transmission. TDR can be read or written by the CPU at all times. TDR is initialized to H'FF upon reset or in standby mode, watch mode, subactive mode, or subsleep mode. 224 5. Serial mode register (SMR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 COM CHR PE PM STOP MP CKS1 CKS0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W The serial mode register (SMR) is an 8-bit register for setting the serial data communication format and for selecting the clock source of the baud rate generator. SMR can be read and written by the CPU at any time. SMR is initialized to H'00 upon reset or in standby mode, watch mode, subactive mode, or subsleep mode. Bit 7: Communication mode (COM) Bit 7 selects asynchronous mode or synchronous mode as the serial data communication mode. Bit 7 COM Description 0 Asynchronous mode 1 Synchronous mode (initial value) Bit 6: Character length (CHR) Bit 6 selects either 7 bits or 8 bits as the data length in asynchronous mode. In synchronous mode the data length is always 8 bits regardless of the setting here. Bit 6 CHR Description 0 8-bit data 1 7-bit data* (initial value) Note: * When 7-bit data is selected as the character length in asynchronous mode, the MSB (bit 7) in the transmit data register is not transmitted. 225 Bit 5: Parity enable (PE) In asynchronous mode, bit 5 selects whether or not a parity bit is to be added to transmitted data and checked in received data. In synchronous mode there is no adding or checking of parity regardless of the setting here. Bit 5 PE Description 0 Parity bit adding and checking disabled 1 Parity bit adding and checking enabled* (initial value) Note: * When PE is set to 1, then either odd or even parity is added to transmit data, depending on the setting of the parity mode bit (PM). When data is received, it is checked for odd or even parity as designated in bit PM. Bit 4: Parity mode (PM) In asynchronous mode, bit 4 selects whether odd or even parity is to be added to transmitted data and checked in received data. The setting here is valid only if parity adding/checking is enabled in bit PE. In synchronous mode, or if parity adding/checking is disabled in bit PE, bit PM is ignored. Bit 4 PM Description 0 Even parity*1 1 Odd (initial value) parity*2 Notes: 1. When even parity is designated, a parity bit is added to the transmitted data so that the sum of 1s in the resulting data is an even number. When data is received, the sum of 1s in the data plus parity bit is checked to see if the result is an even number. 2. When odd parity is designated, a parity bit is added to the transmitted data so that the sum of 1s in the resulting data is an odd number. When data is received, the sum of 1s in the data plus parity bit is checked to see if the result is an odd number. 226 Bit 3: Stop bit length (STOP) Bit 3 selects 1 bit or 2 bits as the stop bit length in asynchronous mode. This setting is valid only in asynchronous mode. In synchronous mode a stop bit is not added, so this bit is ignored. Bit 3 STOP Description 0 1 stop bit*1 1 2 stop bits*2 (initial value) Notes: 1. When data is transmitted, one 1 bit is added at the end of each transmitted character as the stop bit. 2. When data is transmitted, two 1 bits are added at the end of each transmitted character as the stop bits. When data is received, only the first stop bit is checked regardless of the stop bit length. If the second stop bit value is 1 it is treated as a stop bit; if it is 0, it is treated as the start bit of the next character. Bit 2: Multiprocessor mode (MP) Bit 2 enables or disables the multiprocessor communication function. When the multiprocessor communication function is enabled, the parity enable (PE) and parity mode (PM) settings are ignored. The MP bit is valid only in asynchronous mode; it should be cleared to 0 in synchronous mode. See 10.3.6, for details on the multiprocessor communication function. Bit 2 MP Description 0 Multiprocessor communication function disabled 1 Multiprocessor communication function enabled 227 (initial value) Bits 1 and 0: Clock select 1, 0 (CKS1, CKS0) Bits 1 and 0 select the clock source for the built-in baud rate generator. A choice of ø/64, ø/16, ø/4, or ø is made in these bits. See 8, Bit rate register, below for information on the clock source and bit rate register settings, and their relation to the baud rate. Bit 1 CKS1 Bit 0 CKS0 Description 0 0 ø clock 0 1 ø/4 clock 1 0 ø/16 clock 1 1 ø/64 clock 6. (initial value) Serial control register 3 (SCR3) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TIE RIE TE RE MPIE TEIE CKE1 CKE0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Serial control register 3 (SCR3) is an 8-bit register that controls SCI3 transmit and receive operations, enables or disables serial clock output in asynchronous mode, enables or disables interrupts, and selects the serial clock source. SCR3 can be read and written by the CPU at any time. SCR3 is initialized to H'00 upon reset or in standby mode, watch mode, subactive mode, or subsleep mode. 228 Bit 7: Transmit interrupt enable (TIE) Bit 7 enables or disables the transmit data empty interrupt (TXI) request when data is transferred from TDR to TSR and the transmit data register empty bit (TDRE) in the serial status register (SSR) is set to 1. The TXI interrupt can be cleared by clearing bit TDRE to 0, or by clearing bit TIE to 0. Bit 7 TIE Description 0 Transmit data empty interrupt request (TXI) disabled 1 Transmit data empty interrupt request (TXI) enabled (initial value) Bit 6: Receive interrupt enable (RIE) Bit 6 enables or disables the receive error interrupt (ERI), and the receive data full interrupt (RXI) requested when data is transferred from RSR to RDR and the receive data register full bit (RDRF) in the serial status register (SSR) is set to 1. RXI and ERI interrupts can be cleared by clearing SSR flag RDRF, or flags FER, PER, and OER to 0, or by clearing bit RIE to 0. Bit 6 RIE Description 0 Receive data full interrupt request (RXI) and receive error interrupt request (ERI) disabled (initial value) 1 Receive data full interrupt request (RXI) and receive error interrupt request (ERI) enabled Bit 5: Transmit enable (TE) Bit 5 enables or disables the start of a transmit operation. Bit 5 TE Description 0 Transmit operation disabled*1 (TXD is a general I/O port) 1 Transmit operation enabled*2 (TXD is the transmit data pin) (initial value) Notes: 1. The transmit data register empty bit (TDRE) in the serial status register (SSR) is fixed at 1. 2. In this state, writing transmit data in TDR clears bit TDRE in SSR to 0 and starts serial data transmission. Before setting TE to 1 it is necessary to set the transmit format in SMR. 229 Bit 4: Receive enable (RE) Bit 4 enables or disables the start of a receive operation. Bit 4 RE Description 0 Receive operation disabled*1 (RXD is a general I/O port) 1 Receive operation enabled*2 (initial value) (RXD is the receive data pin) Notes: 1. When RE is cleared to 0, this has no effect on the SSR flags RDRF, FER, PER, and OER, which retain their states. 2. Serial data receiving begins when, in this state, a start bit is detected in asynchronous mode, or serial clock input is detected in synchronous mode. Before setting RE to 1 it is necessary to set the receive format in SMR. Bit 3: Multiprocessor interrupt enable (MPIE) Bit 3 enables or disables multiprocessor interrupt requests. This setting is valid only in asynchronous mode, and only when the multiprocessor mode bit (MP) in the serial mode register (SMR) is set to 1. It applies only to data receiving. This bit is ignored when COM is set to 1 or when bit MP is cleared to 0. Bit 3 MPIE Description 0 Multiprocessor interrupt request disabled (ordinary receive operation) (initial value) Clearing condition: Multiprocessor bit receives a data value of 1 1 Multiprocessor interrupt request enabled* Note: * SCI3 does not transfer receive data from RSR to RDR, does not detect receive errors, and does not set status flags RDRF, FER, and OER in SSR. Until a multiprocessor bit value of 1 is received, the receive data full interrupt (RXI) and receive error interrupt (ERI) are disabled and serial status register (SSR) flags RDRF, FER, and OER are not set. When the multiprocessor bit receives a 1, the MPBR bit of SSR is set to 1, MPIE is automatically cleared to 0, RXI and ERI interrupts are enabled (provided bits TIE and RIE in SCR3 are set to 1), and setting of the RDRF, FER, and OER flags is enabled. 230 Bit 2: Transmit end interrupt enable (TEIE) Bit 2 enables or disables the transmit end interrupt (TEI) requested if there is no valid transmit data in TDR when the MSB is transmitted. Bit 2 TEIE Description 0 Transmit end interrupt (TEI) disabled 1 Transmit end interrupt (TEI) enabled* (initial value) Note: * A TEI interrupt can be cleared by clearing the SSR bit TDRE to 0 and clearing the transmit end bit (TEND) to 0, or by clearing bit TEIE to 0. Bits 1 and 0: Clock enable 1, 0 (CKE1, CKE0) Bits 1 and 0 select the clock source and enable or disable clock output at pin SCK3. The combination of bits CKE1 and CKE0 determines whether pin SCK3 is a general I/O port, a clock output pin, or a clock input pin. Note that the CKE0 setting is valid only when operation is in asynchronous mode using an internal clock. This bit is invalid in synchronous mode or when using an external clock (CKE1 = 1). In synchronous mode and in external clock mode, clear CKE0 to 0. After setting bits CKE1 and CKE0, the operation mode must first be set in the serial mode register (SMR). See table 10-3-9 in 10.3.3, Operation, for details on clock source selection. Bit 1 CKE1 Bit 0 CKE0 Communication Mode Clock Source SCK3 Pin Function 0 0 Asynchronous Internal clock I/O port*1 Synchronous Internal clock Serial clock output*1 Asynchronous Internal clock Clock output*2 Synchronous Reserved Reserved Asynchronous External clock Clock input*3 Synchronous External clock Serial clock input Asynchronous Reserved Reserved Synchronous Reserved Reserved 0 1 1 1 0 1 Notes: 1. Initial value 2. A clock is output with the same frequency as the bit rate. 3. Input a clock with a frequency 16 times the bit rate. 231 7. Serial status register (SSR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TDRE RDRF OER FER PER TEND MPBR MPBT Initial value 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Read/Write R/(W)* R/(W)* R/(W)* R/(W)* R/(W)* R R R/W Note: * Only 0 can be written for flag clearing. The serial status register (SSR) is an 8-bit register containing status flags for indicating SCI3 states, and containing the multiprocessor bits. SSR can be read and written by the CPU at any time, but the CPU cannot write a 1 to the status flags TDRE, RDRF, OER, PER, and FER. To clear these flags to 0 it is first necessary to read a 1. Bit 2 (TEND) and bit 1 (MPBR) are read-only bits and cannot be modified. SSR is initialized to H'84 upon reset or in standby mode, watch mode, subactive mode, or subsleep mode. Bit 7: Transmit data register empty (TDRE) Bit 7 is a status flag indicating that data has been transferred from TDR to TSR. Bit 7 TDRE Description 0 Indicates that transmit data written to TDR has not been transferred to TSR Clearing conditions: After reading TDRE = 1, cleared by writing 0 to TDRE. When data is written to TDR by an instruction. 1 Indicates that no transmit data has been written to TDR, or the transmit data written to TDR has been transferred to TSR Setting conditions: When bit TE in SCR3 is cleared to 0. When data is transferred from TDR to TSR. 232 (initial value) Bit 6: Receive data register full (RDRF) Bit 6 is a status flag indicating whether there is receive data in RDR. Bit 6 RDRF Description 0 Indicates there is no receive data in RDR (initial value) Clearing conditions: After reading RDRF = 1, cleared by writing 0 to RDRF. When data is read from RDR by an instruction. 1 Indicates that there is receive data in RDR Setting condition: When receiving ends normally, with receive data transferred from RSR to RDR Note: If a receive error is detected at the end of receiving, or if bit RE in serial control register 3 (SCR3) is cleared to 0, RDR and RDRF are unaffected and keep their previous states. An overrun error (OER) occurs if receiving of data is completed while bit RDRF remains set to 1. If this happens, receive data will be lost. Bit 5: Overrun error (OER) Bit 5 is a status flag indicating that an overrun error has occurred during data receiving. Bit 5 OER Description 0 Indicates that data receiving is in progress or has been completed*1 (initial value) Clearing condition: After reading OER = 1, cleared by writing 0 to OER 1 Indicates that an overrun error occurred in data receiving*2 Setting condition: When data receiving is completed while RDRF is set to 1 Notes: 1. When bit RE in serial control register 3 (SCR3) is cleared to 0, OER is unaffected and keeps its previous state. 2. RDR keeps the data received prior to the overrun; data received after that is lost. While OER is set to 1, data receiving cannot be continued. In synchronous mode, data transmitting cannot be continued either. 233 Bit 4: Framing error (FER) Bit 4 is a status flag indicating that a framing error has occurred during asynchronous receiving. Bit 4 FER Description 0 Indicates that data receiving is in progress or has been completed*1 (initial value) Clearing condition: After reading FER = 1, cleared by writing 0 to FER 1 Indicates that a framing error occurred in data receiving Setting condition: The stop bit at the end of receive data is checked and found to be 0*2 Notes: 1. When bit RE in serial control register 3 (SCR3) is cleared to 0, FER is unaffected and keeps its previous state. 2. When two stop bits are used only the first stop bit is checked, not the second. When a framing error occurs, receive data is transferred to RDR but RDRF is not set. While FER is set to 1, data receiving cannot be continued. In synchronous mode, data transmitting cannot be continued either. Bit 3: Parity error (PER) Bit 3 is a status flag indicating that a parity error has occurred during asynchronous receiving. Bit 3 PER Description 0 Indicates that data receiving is in progress or has been completed*1 (initial value) Clearing condition: After reading PER = 1, cleared by writing 0 to PER 1 Indicates that a parity error occurred in data receiving*2 Setting condition: When the sum of 1s in received data plus the parity bit does not match the parity mode bit (PM) setting in the serial mode register (SMR) Notes: 1. When bit RE in serial control register 3 (SCR3) is cleared to 0, PER is unaffected and keeps its previous state. 2. When a parity error occurs, receive data is transferred to RDR but RDRF is not set. While PER is set to 1, data receiving cannot be continued. In synchronous mode, data transmitting cannot be continued either. 234 Bit 2: Transmit end (TEND) Bit 2 is a status flag indicating that TDRE was set to 1 when the last bit of a transmitted character was sent. TEND is a read-only bit and cannot be modified directly. Bit 2 TEND Description 0 Indicates that transmission is in progress Clearing conditions: After reading TDRE = 1, cleared by writing 0 to TDRE. When data is written to TDR by an instruction. 1 Indicates that a transmission has ended (initial value) Setting conditions: When bit TE in SCR3 is cleared to 0. If TDRE is set to 1 when the last bit of a transmitted character is sent. Bit 1: Multiprocessor bit receive (MPBR) Bit 1 holds the multiprocessor bit in data received in asynchronous mode using a multiprocessor format. MPBR is a read-only bit and cannot be modified. Bit 1 MPBR Description 0 Indicates reception of data in which the multiprocessor bit is 0* 1 Indicates reception of data in which the multiprocessor bit is 1 (initial value) Note: * If bit RE is cleared to 0 while a multiprocessor format is in use, MPBR retains its previous state. 235 Bit 0: Multiprocessor bit transmit (MPBT) Bit 0 holds the multiprocessor bit to be added to transmitted data when a multiprocessor format is used in asynchronous mode. Bit MPBT is ignored when synchronous mode is chosen, when the multiprocessor communication function is disabled, or when data transmission is disabled. Bit 0 MPBT Description 0 The multiprocessor bit in transmit data is 0 1 The multiprocessor bit in transmit data is 1 8. (initial value) Bit rate register (BRR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 BRR7 BRR6 BRR5 BRR4 BRR3 BRR2 BRR1 BRR0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W The bit rate register (BRR) is an 8-bit register which, together with the baud rate generator clock selected by bits CKS1 and CKS0 in the serial mode register (SMR), sets the transmit/receive bit rate. BRR can be read or written by the CPU at any time. BRR is initialized to H'FF upon reset or in standby mode, watch mode, subactive mode, or subsleep mode. Table 10-3-3 gives examples of how BRR is set in asynchronous mode. The values in table 10-3-3 are for active (high-speed) mode. 236 Table 10-3-3 BRR Settings and Bit Rates in Asynchronous Mode (1) OSC (MHz) 2 2.4576 4 4.194304 Bit Rate (bits/s) n N Error (%) n N Error (%) n N Error (%) n N Error (%) 110 1 70 +0.03 1 86 +0.31 1 141 +0.03 1 148 –0.04 150 0 207 +0.16 0 255 0 1 103 +0.16 1 108 +0.21 300 0 103 +0.16 0 127 0 0 207 +0.16 0 217 +0.21 600 0 51 +0.16 0 63 0 0 103 +0.16 0 108 +0.21 1200 0 25 +0.16 0 31 0 0 51 +0.16 0 54 –0.70 2400 0 12 +0.16 0 15 0 0 25 +0.16 0 26 +1.14 4800 — — — 0 7 0 0 12 +0.16 0 13 –2.48 9600 — — — 0 3 0 — — — 0 6 –2.48 19200 — — — 0 1 0 — — — — — — 31250 0 0 0 — — — 0 1 0 — — — 38400 — — — 0 0 0 — — — — — — Table 10-3-3 BRR Settings and Bit Rates in Asynchronous Mode (2) OSC (MHz) 4.9152 6 7.3728 8 Bit Rate (bits/s) n N Error (%) n N Error (%) n N Error (%) n N Error (%) 110 1 174 –0.26 1 212 +0.03 2 64 +0.70 2 70 +0.03 150 1 127 0 1 155 +0.16 1 191 0 1 207 +0.16 300 0 255 0 1 77 +0.16 1 95 0 1 103 +0.16 600 0 127 0 0 155 +0.16 0 191 0 0 207 +0.16 1200 0 63 0 0 77 +0.16 0 95 0 0 103 +0.16 2400 0 31 0 0 38 +0.16 0 47 0 0 51 +0.16 4800 0 15 0 0 19 –2.34 0 23 0 0 25 +0.16 9600 0 7 0 0 9 –2.34 0 11 0 0 12 +0.16 19200 0 3 0 0 4 –2.34 0 5 0 — — — 31250 — — — 0 2 0 — — — 0 3 0 38400 0 1 0 — — — 0 2 0 — — — 237 Table 10-3-3 BRR Settings and Bit Rates in Asynchronous Mode (3) OSC (MHz) 9.8304 10 Bit Rate (bits/s) n N Error (%) n N Error (%) 110 2 86 +0.31 2 88 –0.25 150 1 255 0 2 64 +0.16 300 1 127 0 1 129 +0.16 600 0 255 0 1 64 +0.16 1200 0 127 0 0 129 +0.16 2400 0 63 0 0 64 +0.16 4800 0 31 0 0 32 –1.36 9600 0 15 0 0 15 +1.73 19200 0 7 0 0 7 +1.73 31250 0 4 –1.70 0 4 0 38400 0 3 0 0 3 +1.73 Notes: 1. Settings should be made so that error is within 1%. 2. BRR setting values are derived by the following equation. N= OSC 64 × 22n × B B: N: OSC: n: × 106 – 1 Bit rate (bits/s) BRR baud rate generator setting (0 ≤ N ≤ 255) Value of øOSC (MHz) Baud rate generator input clock number (n = 0, 1, 2, 3) 3. The error values in table 10-3-3 were derived by performing the following calculation and rounding off to two decimal places. Error (%) = B–R R × 100 B: Bit rate found from n, N, and OSC R: Bit rate listed in left column of table 10-3-3 238 The meaning of n is shown in table 10-3-4. Table 10-3-4 Relation between n and Clock SMR Setting n Clock CKS1 CKS0 0 ø 0 0 1 ø/4 0 1 2 ø/16 1 0 3 ø/64 1 1 Table 10-3-5 shows the maximum bit rate for selected frequencies in asynchronous mode. Values in table 10-3-5 are for active (high-speed) mode. Table 10-3-5 Maximum Bit Rate at Selected Frequencies (Asynchronous Mode) Setting OSC (MHz) Maximum Bit Rate (bits/s) n N 2 31250 0 0 2.4576 38400 0 0 4 62500 0 0 4.194304 65536 0 0 4.9152 76800 0 0 6 93750 0 0 7.3728 115200 0 0 8 125000 0 0 9.8304 153600 0 0 10 156250 0 0 239 Table 10-3-6 shows typical BRR settings in synchronous mode. Values in table 10-3-6 are for active (high-speed) mode. Table 10-3-6 Typical BRR Settings and Bit Rates (Synchronous Mode) OSC (MHz) 2 4 Bit Rate (bits/s) n N n 110 — — 250 1 249 500 1 1K 8 10 N n N n N — — — — — — 2 124 2 249 — — 124 1 249 2 124 — — 0 249 1 124 1 249 — — 2.5K 0 99 0 199 1 99 1 124 5K 0 49 0 99 0 199 0 249 10K 0 24 0 49 0 99 0 124 25K 0 9 0 19 0 39 0 49 50K 0 4 0 9 0 19 0 24 100K — — 0 4 0 9 — — 250K 0 0* 0 1 0 3 0 4 0 0* 0 1 — — 0 0* — — 500K 1M 2.5M Notes: Blank: Cannot be set —: Can be set, but error will result *: Continuous transfer not possible at this setting BRR setting values are derived by the following equation. N= B: N: OSC: n: OSC 8 × 22n × B × 106 – 1 Bit rate (bits/s) BRR baud rate generator setting (0 ≤ N ≤ 255) Value of øOSC (MHz) Baud rate generator input clock number (n = 0, 1, 2, 3) 240 The meaning of n is shown in table 10-3-7. Table 10-3-7 Relation between n and Clock SMR Setting n Clock CKS1 CKS0 0 ø 0 0 1 ø/4 0 1 2 ø/16 1 0 3 ø/64 1 1 10.3.3 Operation SCI3 supports serial data communication in both asynchronous mode, where each character transferred is synchronized separately, and synchronous mode, where transfer is synchronized by clock pulses. The choice of asynchronous mode or synchronous mode, and the communication format, is made in the serial mode register (SMR), as shown in table 10-3-8. The SCI3 clock source is determined by bit COM in SMR and bits CKE1 and CKE0 in serial control register 3 (SCR3), as shown in table 10-3-9. 1. Asynchronous mode — Data length: choice of 7 bits or 8 bits — Transmit/receive format options include addition of parity bit, multiprocessor bit, and one or two stop bits (character length depends on this combination of options). — Framing error (FER), parity error (PER), overrun error (OER), and line breaks can be detected when data is received. — Clock source: Choice of internal clocks or an external clock When an internal clock is selected: Operates on baud rate generator clock. A clock can be output with the same frequency as the bit rate. When an external clock is selected: A clock input with a frequency 16 times the bit rate is required (internal baud rate generator is not used). 241 2. Synchronous mode — Transfer format: 8 bits — Overrun error can be detected when data is received. — Clock source: Choice of internal clocks or an external clock When an internal clock is selected: Operates on baud rate generator clock, and outputs a serial clock. When an external clock is selected: The internal baud rate generator is not used. Operation is synchronous with the input clock. Table 10-3-8 SMR Settings and SCI3 Communication Format SMR Setting Communication Format Bit7 Bit6 Bit2 Bit5 Bit3 COM CHR MP PE STOP Mode 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Asynchronous mode MultiproData Length cessor Bit Parity Bit Stop Bit Length 8-bit data No 1 bit No 2 bits 0 Yes 1 1 0 2 bits 0 7-bit data No 1 1 1 0 1 1 * 0 * 0 * 1 * 0 * 1 * * 1 bit 2 bits Yes 1 0 1 bit 1 bit 2 bits Asynchronous mode (multiprocessor format) 8-bit data Yes No 1 bit 2 bits 7-bit data 1 bit 2 bits Synchronous mode 8-bit data Note: * Don’t care 242 No None Table 10-3-9 SMR and SCR3 Settings and Clock Source Selection SMR SCR3 Bit7 COM Bit1 Bit0 CKE1 CKE0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 3. Transmit/Receive Clock Mode Clock Source Asynchronous Internal mode Synchronous mode Reserved Pin SCK3 Function I/O port (SCK3 function not used) Outputs clock with same frequency as bit rate External Clock should be input with frequency 16 times the desired bit rate Internal Outputs a serial clock External Inputs a serial clock (illegal settings) Continuous transmit/receive operation using interrupts Continuous transmit and receive operations are possible with SCI3, using the RXI or TXI interrupts. Table 10-3-10 explains this use of these interrupts. Table 10-3-10 Transmit/Receive Interrupts Interrupt Flag Interrupt Conditions Remarks RXI RDRF RIE When serial data is received normally and receive data is transferred from RSR to RDR, RDRF is set to 1. If RIE is 1 at this time, RXI is enabled and an interrupt occurs. (See figure 10-3-2 (a).) The RXI interrupt handler routine should read the receive data from RDR and clear RDRF to 0. Continuous receiving is possible if these operations are completed before the next data has been completely received in RSR. TXI TDRE TIE When TSR empty (previous transmission complete) is detected and the transmit data set in TDR is transferred to TSR, TDRE is set to 1. If TIE is 1 at this time, TXI is enabled and an interrupt occurs. (See figure 10-3-2 (b).) The TXI interrupt handler routine should write the next transmit data to TDR and clear TDRE to 0. Continuous transmission is possible if these operations are completed before the data transferred to TSR has been completely transmitted. TEI TEND TEIE When the last bit of the TSR transmit character has been sent, if TDRE is 1, then 1 is set in TEND. If TEIE is 1 at this time, TEI is enabled and an interrupt occurs. (See figure 10-3-2 (c).) TEI indicates that, when the last bit of the TSR transmit character was sent, the next transmit data had not been written to TDR. 243 RDR RDR RSR ↑ (received and transferred) RSR (receiving) RXD pin RXD pin RDRF ← 1 (RXI requested if RIE = 1) RDRF = 0 Figure 10-3-2 (a) RDRF Setting and RXI Interrupt TDR (next transmit data) TDR TSR (transmitting) TSR ↓ (transmission complete, next data transferred) TXD pin TXD pin TDRE ← 1 (TXI requested if TIE = 1) TDRE = 0 Figure 10-3-2 (b) TDRE Setting and TXI Interrupt TDR TDR TSR (transmitting) TSR (transmission end) TXD pin TXD pin TEND ← 1 (TEI requested if TEIE = 1) TEND = 0 Figure 10-3-2 (c) TEND Setting and TEI Interrupt 244 10.3.4 Operation in Asynchronous Mode In asynchronous communication mode, a start bit indicating the start of communication and a stop bit (1 or 2 bits) indicating the end of communication are added to each character that is sent. In this way synchronization is achieved for each character as a self-contained unit. SCI3 consists of independent transmit and receive modules, giving it the capability of full duplex communication. Both the transmit and receive modules have a double-buffer configuration, allowing data to be read or written during communication operations so that data can be transmitted and received continuously. 1. Transmit/receive formats Figure 10-3-3 shows the general format for asynchronous serial communication. The communication line in asynchronous communication mode normally stays at the high level, in the “mark” state. SCI3 monitors the communication line, and begins serial data communication when it detects a “space” (low-level signal), which is regarded as a start bit. One character consists of a start bit (low level), transmit/receive data (in LSB-first order), a parity bit (high or low level), and finally a stop bit (high level), in this order. In asynchronous data receiving, synchronization is with the falling edge of the start bit. SCI3 samples data on the 8th pulse of a clock that has 16 times the frequency of the bit rate, so each bit of data is latched at its center. (LSB) Serial data Start bit 1 bit (MSB) Transmit or receive data 7 or 8 bits 1 Parity bit 1 bit or none Stop bit Mark state 1 or 2 bits One unit of data (character or frame) Figure 10-3-3 Data Format in Asynchronous Serial Communication Mode 245 Table 10-3-11 shows the 12 formats that can be selected in asynchronous mode. The format is selected in the serial mode register (SMR). Table 10-3-11 Serial Communication Formats in Asynchronous Mode Serial Communication Format and Frame Length SMR Setting CHR PE MP STOP 1 2 3 4 5 0 0 0 0 S 8-bit data STOP 0 0 0 1 S 8-bit data STOP STOP 0 1 0 0 S 8-bit data P STOP 0 1 0 1 S 8-bit data P STOP STOP 1 0 0 0 S 7-bit data STOP 1 0 0 1 S 7-bit data STOP STOP 1 1 0 0 S 7-bit data P STOP 1 1 0 1 S 7-bit data P STOP STOP 0 * 1 0 S 8-bit data MPB STOP 0 * 1 1 S 8-bit data MPB STOP STOP 1 * 1 0 S 7-bit data MPB STOP 1 * 1 1 S 7-bit data MPB STOP STOP Start bit Notation: S: STOP: Stop bit P: Parity bit MPB: Multiprocessor bit Note: * Don’t care 246 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2. Clock The clock source is determined by bit COM in SMR and bits CKE1 and CKE0 in serial control register 3 (SCR3). See table 10-3-9 for the settings. Either an internal clock source can be used to run the built-in baud rate generator, or an external clock source can be input at pin SCK3. When an external clock source is input, it should have a frequency 16 times the desired bit rate. When an internal clock source is used, SCK3 is used as the clock output pin. The clock output has the same frequency as the serial bit rate, and is synchronized as in figure 10-3-4 so that the rising edge of the clock occurs in the center of each bit of transmit/receive data. Clock Serial data 0 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 0/1 1 1 1 character (1 frame) Figure 10-3-4 Phase Relation of Output Clock and Communication Data in Asynchronous Mode (8-Bit Data, Parity Bit Added, and 2 Stop Bits) 3. Data transmit/receive operations • SCI3 initialization Before data is sent or received, bits TE and RE in serial control register 3 (SCR3) must be cleared to 0, after which initialization can be performed using the procedure shown in figure 10-3-5. Note: When modifying the operation mode, transfer format or other settings, always be sure to clear bits TE and RE first. When TE is cleared to 0, bit TDRE will be set to 1. Clearing RE does not clear the status flags RDRF, PER, FER, or OER, or alter the contents of the receive data register (RDR). When an external clock is used in asynchronous mode, do not stop the clock during operation, including during initialization. When an external clock is used in synchronous mode, do not supply the clock during initialization. 247 Figure 10-3-5 shows a typical flow chart for SCI3 initialization. Start Clear TE and RE to 0 in SCR3 1 Set bits CKE1 and CKE0 2 Select communication format in SMR 3 Set BRR value 1. Select the clock in serial control register 3 (SCR3). If clock output is selected in asynchronous mode, a clock signal will be output as soon as CKE1 and CKE2 have been set. During reception in synchronous mode, if clock output is selected by bits CKE1 and CKE0, a clock signal will be output as soon as RE is set to 1. 2. Set the transmit/receive format in the serial mode register (SMR). Wait Has a 1-bit interval elapsed? 3. Set the bit rate register (BRR) to the value giving the desired bit rate. This step is not required when an external clock source is used. No Yes 4 4. Wait for at least a 1-bit interval, then set bits RIE, TIE, TEIE, and MPIE, and set bit TE or RE in SCR3 to 1. Setting TE or RE enables SCI3 to use the TXD or RXD pin. The initial states in asynchronous mode are the mark transmit state and the idle receive state (waiting for a start bit). Set bits RIE, TIE, TEIE, and MPIE in SCR3, and set TE or RE to 1 End Figure 10-3-5 Typical Flow Chart when SCI3 Is Initialized 248 • Transmitting Figure 10-3-6 shows a typical flow chart for data transmission. After SCI3 initialization, follow the procedure below. Start 1 Read bit TDRE in SSR TDRE = 1? No 1. Read the serial status register (SRR), and after confirming that bit TDRE = 1, write transmit data in the transmit data register (TDR). When data is written to TDR, TDRE is automatically cleared to 0. Yes Write transmit data in TDR 2 Continue data transmission? No Yes 2. To continue transmitting data, read bit TDRE to make sure it is set to 1, then write the next data to TDR. When data is written to TDR, TDRE is automatically cleared to 0. Read bit TEND in SSR No TEND = 1? Yes 3 Break output? Yes No 3. To output a break signal when transmission ends, first set the port values PCR = 1 and PDR = 0, then clear bit TE in SCR3 to 0. Set PDR = 0 and PCR = 1 Clear bit TE in SCR3 to 0 End Figure 10-3-6 Typical Data Transmission Flow Chart (Asynchronous Mode) 249 SCI3 operates as follows during data transmission in asynchronous mode. SCI3 monitors bit TDRE in SSR. When this bit is cleared to 0, SCI3 recognizes that there is data written in the transmit data register (TDR), which it transfers to the transmit shift register (TSR). Then TDRE is set to 1 and transmission starts. If bit TIE in SCR3 is set to 1, a TXI interrupt is requested. Serial data is transmitted from pin TXD using the communication format outlined in table 10-3-11. Next, TDRE is checked as the stop bit is being transmitted. If TDRE is 0, data is transferred from TDR to TSR, and after the stop bit is sent, transmission of the next frame starts. If TDRE is 1, the TEND bit in SSR is set to 1, and after the stop bit is sent the output remains at 1 (mark state). A TEI interrupt is requested in this state if bit TEIE in SCR3 is set to 1. Figure 10-3-7 shows a typical operation in asynchronous transmission mode. Transmit data Start bit Serial data 1 0 D0 D1 D7 Transmit data Parity Stop Start bit bit bit 0/1 1 1 frame 0 D0 D1 D7 Parity Stop Mark bit bit state 0/1 1 1 frame TDRE TEND SCI3 TXI request TDRE cleared to 0 operation User processing TXI request TEI request Write data in TDR Figure 10-3-7 Typical Transmit Operation in Asynchronous Mode (8-Bit Data, Parity Bit Added, and 1 Stop Bit) 250 1 • Receiving Figure 10-3-8 shows a typical flow chart for receiving serial data. After SCI3 initialization, follow the procedure below. Start 1 Yes OER + PER + FER = 1 No 2 1. Read bits OER, PER, and FER in the serial status register (SSR) to determine if a receive error has occurred. If a receive error has occurred, receive error processing is executed. Read bits OER, PER, and FER in SSR 2. Read the serial status register (SSR), and after confirming that bit RDRF = 1, read received data from the receive data register (RDR). When RDR data is read, RDRF is automatically cleared to 0. Read bit RDRF in SSR No RDRF = 1? Yes Read received data in RDR 3. To continue receiving data, read bit RDRF and finish reading RDR before the stop bit of the present frame is received. When data is read from RDR, RDRF is automatically cleared to 0. 4 Receive error processing Yes 3 Continue receiving? No A Clear bit RE in SCR3 to 0 4. When a receive error occurs, read bits OER, PER, and FER in SSR to determine which error (s) occurred. After the necessary error processing, be sure to clear the above bits all to 0. Data receiving cannot be resumed while any of bits OER, PER, or FER is set to 1. When a framing error occurs, a break can be detected by reading the RXD pin value. End 4 Start receive error processing Overrun error processing Yes OER = 1? No Yes Yes FER = 1? Break? No No Framing error processing Yes PER = 1? No Clear bits OER, PER, and FER in SSR to 0 Parity error processing End receive error processing A Figure 10-3-8 Typical Serial Data Receiving Flow Chart in Asynchronous Mode 251 SCI3 operates as follows when receiving serial data in asynchronous mode. SCI3 monitors the communication line, and when a start bit (0) is detected it performs internal synchronization and starts receiving. The communication format for data receiving is as outlined in table 10-3-11. Received data is set in RSR from LSB to MSB, then the parity bit and stop bit(s) are received. After receiving the data, SCI3 performs the following checks: • Parity check: The number of 1s received is checked to see if it matches the odd or even parity selected in bit PM of SMR. • Stop bit check: The stop bit is checked for a value of 1. If there are two stop bits, only the first bit is checked. • Status check: The RDRF bit is checked for a value of 0 to make sure received data can be transferred from RSR to RDR. If no receive error is detected by the above checks, bit RDRF is set to 1 and the received data is stored in RDR. At that time, if bit RIE in SCR3 is set to 1, an RXI interrupt is requested. If the error check detects a receive error, the appropriate error flag (OER, PER, or FER) is set to 1. RDRF retains the same value as before the data was received. If at this time bit RIE in SCR3 is set to 1, an ERI interrupt is requested. Table 10-3-12 gives the receive error detection conditions and the processing of received data in each case. Note: Data receiving cannot be continued while a receive error flag is set. Before continuing the receive operation it is necessary to clear the OER, FER, PER, and RDRF flags to 0. Table 10-3-12 Receive Error Conditions and Received Data Processing Receive Error Abbrev. Detection Conditions Overrun error OER Receiving of the next data ends while Received data is not bit RDRF in SSR is still set to 1 transferred from RSR to RDR Framing error FER Stop bit is 0 Received data is transferred from RSR to RDR Parity error PER Received data does not match the parity (odd/even) set in SMR Received data is not transferred from RSR to RDR 252 Received Data Processing Figure 10-3-9 shows a typical SCI3 data receive operation in asynchronous mode. Start bit Serial 1 data 0 Receive data D0 D1 Parity Stop Start bit bit bit D7 0/1 1 0 Receive data D0 D1 Parity Stop bit bit D7 0/1 0 Mark (idle state) 1 1 frame 1 frame RDRF FER SCI3 operation RXI request User processing RDRF cleared to 0 Detects stop bit = 0 ERI request due to framing error Read RDR data Framing error handling Figure 10-3-9 Typical Receive Operation in Asynchronous Mode (8-Bit Data, Parity Bit Added, and 1 Stop Bit) 10.3.5 Operation in Synchronous Mode In synchronous mode, data is sent or received in synchronization with clock pulses. This mode is suited to high-speed serial communication. SCI3 consists of independent transmit and receive modules, so full duplex communication is possible, sharing the same clock between both modules. Both the transmit and receive modules have a double-buffer configuration. This allows data to be written during a transmit operation so that data can be transmitted continuously, and enables data to be read during a receive operation so that data can be received continuously. 1. Transmit/receive format Figure 10-3-10 shows the general communication data format for synchronous communication. 253 * * Serial clock LSB Serial data Don't care Bit 0 MSB Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 Don't care 8 bits One unit of communication data (character or frame) Note: * At high level except during continuous transmit/receive. Figure 10-3-10 Data Format in Synchronous Communication Mode In synchronous communication, data on the communication line is output from one falling edge of the serial clock until the next falling edge. Data is guaranteed valid at the rising edge of the serial clock. One character of data starts from the LSB and ends with the MSB. The communication line retains the MSB state after the MSB is output. In synchronous receive mode, SCI3 latches receive data in synchronization with the rising edge of the serial clock. The transmit/receive format is fixed at 8-bit data. No parity bit or multiprocessor bit is added in this mode. 2. Clock Either an internal clock from the built-in baud rate generator is used, or an external clock is input at pin SCK3. The choice of clock sources is designated by bit COM in SMR and bits CKE1 and CKE0 in serial control register 3 (SCR3). See table 10-3-9 for details on selecting the clock source. When operation is based on an internal clock, a serial clock is output at pin SCK3. Eight clock pulses are output per character of transmit/receive data. When no transmit or receive operation is being performed, the pin is held at the high level. 254 3. Data transmit/receive operations • SCI3 initialization Before transmitting or receiving data, follow the SCI3 initialization procedure explained under 10.3.4, SCI3 Initialization, and illustrated in figure 10-3-5. • Transmitting Figure 10-3-11 shows a typical flow chart for data transmission. After SCI3 initialization, follow the procedure below. Start 1 Read bit TDRE in SSR No TDRE = 1? Yes Write transmit data in TDR 1. Read the serial status register (SSR), and after confirming that bit TDRE = 1, write transmit data in the transmit data register (TDR). When data is written to TDR, TDRE is automatically cleared to 0 and data transmission begins. If clock output has been selected, after data is written to TDR, the clock is output and data transmission begins. Yes 2 Continue data transmission? 2. To continue transmitting data, read bit TDRE to make sure it is set to 1, then write the next data to TDR. When data is written to TDR, TDRE is automatically cleared to 0. No Read bit TEND in SSR TEND = 1? No Yes Write 0 to bit TE in SCR3 End Figure 10-3-11 Typical Data Transmission Flow Chart in Synchronous Mode 255 SCI3 operates as follows during data transmission in synchronous mode. SCI3 monitors bit TDRE in SSR. When this bit is cleared to 0, SCI3 recognizes that there is data written in the transmit data register (TDR), which it transfers to the transmit shift register (TSR). Then TDRE is set to 1 and transmission starts. If bit TIE in SCR3 is set to 1, a TXI interrupt is requested. If clock output is selected, SCI3 outputs eight serial clock pulses. If an external clock is used, data is output in synchronization with the clock input. Serial data is transmitted from pin TXD in order from LSB (bit 0) to MSB (bit 7). Then TDRE is checked as the MSB (bit 7) is being transmitted. If TDRE is 0, data is transferred from TDR to TSR, and after the MSB (bit 7) is sent, transmission of the next frame starts. If TDRE is 1, the TEND bit in SSR is set to 1, and after the MSB (bit 7) has been sent, the MSB state is maintained. A TEI interrupt is requested in this state if bit TEIE in SCR3 is set to 1. After data transmission ends, pin SCK3 is held at the high level. Note: Data transmission cannot take place while any of the receive error flags (OER, FER, PER) is set to 1. Be sure to confirm that these error flags are cleared to 0 before starting transmission. Figure 10-3-12 shows a typical SCI3 transmit operation in synchronous mode. Serial clock Bit 0 Serial data Bit 1 Bit 7 1 frame Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 6 Bit 7 1 frame TDRE TEND SCI3 operation User processing TXI request TDRE cleared to 0 TXI request TEI request Write data in TDR Figure 10-3-12 Typical SCI3 Transmit Operation in Synchronous Mode 256 • Receiving Figure 10-3-13 shows a typical flow chart for receiving data. After SCI3 initialization, follow the procedure below. Start 1. Read bit OER in the serial status register (SSR) to determine if an error has occurred. If an overrun error has occurred, overrun error processing is executed. Read bit OER in SSR 1 Yes OER = 1? No 2. Read the serial status register (SSR), and after confirming that bit RDRF = 1, read received data from the receive data register (RDR). When data is read from RDR, RDRF is automatically cleared to 0. Read bit RDRF in SSR 2 No RDRF = 1? Yes Read received data in RDR 4 Overrun error processing Continue receiving? 3 Yes No 4. When an overrun error occurs, read bit OER in SSR. After the necessary error processing, be sure to clear OER to 0. Data receiving cannot be resumed while bit OER is set to 1. Clear bit RE in SCR3 to 0 End 4 3. To continue receiving data, read bit RDRF and read the received data in RDR before the MSB (bit 7) of the present frame is received. When data is read from RDR, RDRF is automatically cleared to 0. Start overrun processing Overrun error processing Clear bit OER in SSR to 0 End overrun error processing Figure 10-3-13 Typical Data Receiving Flow Chart in Synchronous Mode 257 SCI3 operates as follows when receiving serial data in synchronous mode. SCI3 synchronizes internally with the input or output of the serial clock and starts receiving. Received data is set in RSR from LSB to MSB. After data has been received, SCI3 checks to confirm that the value of bit RDRF is 0 indicating that received data can be transferred from RSR to RDR. If this check passes, RDRF is set to 1 and the received data is stored in RDR. At this time, if bit RIE in SCR3 is set to 1, an RXI interrupt is requested. If an overrun error is detected, OER is set to 1 and RDRF remains set to 1. Then if bit RIE in SCR3 is set to 1, an ERI interrupt is requested. For the overrun error detection conditions and receive data processing, see table 10-3-12. Note: Data receiving cannot be continued while a receive error flag is set. Before continuing the receive operation it is necessary to clear the OER, FER, PER, and RDRF flags to 0. Figure 10-3-14 shows a typical receive operation in synchronous mode. Serial clock Serial data Bit 7 Bit 0 Bit 7 Bit 0 1 frame Bit 1 Bit 6 Bit 7 1 frame RDRF OER SCI3 operation User processing RXI request RDRF cleared to 0 RXI request Read data from RDR ERI request due to overrun error RDR data not read (RDRF = 1) Overrun error handling Figure 10-3-14 Typical Receive Operation in Synchronous Mode 258 • Simultaneous transmit/receive Figure 10-3-15 shows a typical flow chart for transmitting and receiving simultaneously. After SCI3 synchronization, follow the procedure below. 1. Read the serial status register (SSR), and after confirming that bit TDRE = 1, write transmit data in the transmit data register (TDR). When data is written to TDR, TDRE is automatically cleared to 0. Start 1 Read bit TDRE in SSR No 2. Read the serial status register (SSR), and after confirming that bit RDRF = 1, read the received data from the receive data register (RDR). When data is read from RDR, RDRF is automatically cleared to 0. TDRE = 1? Yes 2 Write transmit data in TDR 3. To continue transmitting and receiving serial data, read bit RDRF and finish reading RDR before the MSB (bit 7) of the present frame is received. Also read bit TDRE, check that it is set to 1, and write the next data in TDR before the MSB of the current frame has been transmitted. When data is written to TDR, TDRE is automatically cleared to 0; and when data is read from RDR, RDRF is automatically cleared to 0. Read bit OER in SSR Yes OER = 1? No Read RDRF in SSR 4. When an overrun error occurs, read bit OER in SSR. After the necessary error processing, be sure to clear OER to 0. Data transmission and reception cannot take place while bit OER is set to 1. See figure 10-3-13 for overrun error processing. No RDRF = 1? Yes Read received data in RDR 4 3 Continue transmitting and receiving? Overrun error processing Yes No Clear bits TE and RE in SCR3 to 0 End Figure 10-3-15 Simultaneous Transmit/Receive Flow Chart in Synchronous Mode 259 Notes: 1. To switch from transmitting to simultaneous transmitting and receiving, use the following procedure. • First confirm that TDRE and TEND are both set to 1 and that SCI3 has finished transmitting. Next clear TE to 0. Then set both TE and RE to 1. 2. To switch from receiving to simultaneous transmitting and rceiving, use the following procedure. • After confirming that SCI3 has finished receiving, clear RE to 0. Next, after confirming that RDRF and the error flags (OER FER, PER) are all 0, set both TE and RE to 1. 10.3.6 Multiprocessor Communication Function The multiprocessor communication function enables several processors to share a single serial communication line. The processors communicate in asynchronous mode using a format with an additional multiprocessor bit (multiprocessor format). In multiprocessor communication, each receiving processor is addressed by an ID code. A serial communication cycle consists of two cycles: an ID-sending cycle that identifies the receiving processor, and a data-sending cycle. The multiprocessor bit is 1 in an ID-sending cycle, and 0 in a data-sending cycle. The transmitting processor starts by sending the ID of the receiving processor with which it wants to communicate as data with the multiprocessor bit set to 1. Next the transmitting processor sends transmit data with the multiprocessor bit cleared to 0. When a receiving processor receives data with the multiprocessor bit set to 1, it compares the data with its own ID. If the data matches its ID, the receiving processor continues to receive incoming data. If the data does not match its ID, the receiving processor skips further incoming data until it again receives data with the multiprocessor bit set to 1. Multiple processors can send and receive data in this way. Figure 10-3-16 shows an example of communication among different processors using a multiprocessor format. 260 Transmitting processor Communication line Receiving processor A Receiving processor B Receiving processor C Receiving processor D (ID = 01) (ID = 02) (ID = 03) (ID = 04) Serial data H'01 H'AA (MPB = 1) (MPB = 0) ID-sending cycle (receiving processor address) Data-sending cycle (data sent to receiving processor designated by ID) MPB: Multiprocessor bit Figure 10-3-16 Example of Interprocessor Communication Using Multiprocessor Format (Data H'AA Sent to Receiving Processor A) Four communication formats are available. Parity-bit settings are ignored when a multiprocessor format is selected. For details see table 10-3-11. For a description of the clock used in multiprocessor communication, see 10.3.4, Operation in Asynchronous Mode. 261 • Transmitting multiprocessor data Figure 10-3-17 shows a typical flow chart for multiprocessor serial data transmission. After SCI3 initialization, follow the procedure below. Start 1 1. Read the serial status register (SSR), and after confirming that bit TDRE = 1, set bit MPBT (multiprocessor bit transmit) in SSR to 0 or 1, then write transmit data in the transmit data register (TDR). When data is written to TDR, TDRE is automatically cleared to 0. Read bit TDRE in SSR No TDRE = 1? Yes Set bit MPBT in SSR Write transmit data to TDR 2 Continue transmitting? Yes 2. To continue transmitting data, read bit TDRE to make sure it is set to 1, then write the next data to TDR. When data is written to TDR, TDRE is automatically cleared to 0. No Read bit TEND in SSR No TEND = 1? 3. To output a break signal at the end of data transmission, first set the port values PCR = 1 and PDR = 0, then clear bit TE in SCR3 to 0. Yes 3 Break output? No Yes Set PDR = 0 and PCR = 1 Clear bit TE in SCR3 to 0 End Figure 10-3-17 Typical Multiprocessor Data Transmission Flow Chart 262 SCI3 operates as follows during data transmission using a multiprocessor format. SCI3 monitors bit TDRE in SSR. When this bit is cleared to 0, SCI3 recognizes that there is data written in the transmit data register (TDR), which it transfers to the transmit shift register (TSR). Then TDRE is set to 1 and transmission starts. If bit TIE in SCR3 is set to 1, a TXI interrupt is requested. Serial data is transmitted from pin TXD using the communication format outlined in table 10-3-11. Next, TDRE is checked as the stop bit is being transmitted. If TDRE is 0, data is transferred from TDR to TSR, and after the stop bit is sent, transmission of the next frame starts. If TDRE is 1, the TEND bit in SSR is set to 1, and after the stop bit is sent the output remains at 1 (mark state). A TEI interrupt is requested in this state if bit TEIE (transmit end interrupt enable) in SCR3 is set to 1. Figure 10-3-18 shows a typical SCI3 operation in multiprocessor communication mode. Transmit data Start bit Serial data 1 0 D0 D1 D7 MPB 0/1 Transmit data Stop Start bit bit 1 1 frame 0 D0 D1 D7 MPB Stop Mark state bit 0/1 1 1 frame TDRE TEND SCI3 TXI request operation TDRE cleared to 0 User processing Write data in TDR TXI request TEI request Figure 10-3-18 Typical Multiprocessor Format Transmit Operation (8-Bit Data, Multiprocessor Bit Added, and 1 Stop Bit) 263 1 • Receiving multiprocessor data Figure 10-3-19 shows a typical flow chart for receiving data using a multiprocessor format. After SCI3 initialization, follow the procedure below. Start 1 Set bit MPIE in SCR3 to 1 2 Read bits OER and FER in SSR 1. Set bit MPIE in serial control register 3 (SCR3) to 1. 2. Read bits OER and FER in the serial status register (SSR) to determine if an error has occurred. If a receive error has occurred, receive error processing is executed. Yes OER + FER = 1? 3 No Read bit RDRF in SSR 3. Read the serial status register (SSR) and confirm that RDRF = 1. If RDRF = 1, read the data in the received data register (RDR) and compare it with the processor’s own ID. If the received data does not match the ID, set bit MPIE to 1 again. Bit RDRF is automatically cleared to 0 when data in the received data register (RDR) is read. No RDRF = 1? Yes 4. Read SSR, check that bit RDRF = 1, then read received data from the receive data register (RDR). Read received data in RDR No Own ID? 5. If a receive error occurs, read bits OER and FER in SSR to determine which error occurred. After the necessary error processing, be sure to clear the error flags to 0. Serial data transfer cannot take place while bit OER or FER is set to 1. When a framing error occurs, a break can be detected by reading the RXD pin value. Yes Read bits OER and FER in SSR Yes OER + FER = 1? No 4 Read bit RDRF in SSR No RDRF = 1? Yes Read received data in RDR 5 Error processing Yes Continue receiving? No A Start receive error processing Clear bit RE in SCR3 to 0 Overrun error processing Yes OER = 1? End No Yes Yes Break? FER = 1? No Clear bits OER and FER in SSR to 0. End receive error processing No Framing error processing A Figure 10-3-19 Typical Flow Chart for Receiving Serial Data Using Multiprocessor Format 264 Figure 10-3-20 gives an example of data reception using a multiprocessor format. Start bit Serial data 1 0 Receive data (ID1) D0 D1 Stop Start bit MPB bit D7 1 1 0 Receive data (data 1) D0 D1 1 frame D7 Stop MPB bit 0 Mark (idle state) 1 1 1 frame MPIE RDRF RDR value ID1 SCI3 operation RXI request MPIE cleared to 0 RDRF cleared to 0 Read data from RDR User processing No RXI request RDR state retained If not own ID, set MPIE to 1 again (a) Data does not match own ID Start bit Serial data 1 0 Receive data (ID2) D0 D1 Stop Start MPB bit bit D7 1 1 0 Receive data (data 2) D0 D1 1 frame D7 Stop MPB bit 0 Mark (idle state) 1 1 1 frame MPIE RDRF RDR value ID1 SCI3 operation User processing Data 2 ID2 RXI request MPIE cleared to 0 RDRF cleared to 0 Read data from RDR RXI request RDRF cleared to 0 If own ID, continue receiving (b) Data matches own ID Figure 10-3-20 Example of Multiprocessor Format Receive Operation (8-Bit Data, Multiprocessor Bit Added, and 1 Stop Bit) 265 Read data from RDR and set MPIE to 1 again 10.3.7 Interrupts SCI3 has six interrupt sources: transmit end, transmit data empty, receive data full, and the three receive error interrupts (overrun error, framing error, and parity error). All share a common interrupt vector. Table 10-3-13 describes each interrupt. Table 10-3-13 SCI3 Interrupts Interrupt Description Vector Address RXI Interrupt request due to receive data register full (RDRF) H'0024 TXI Interrupt request due to transmit data register empty (TDRE) TEI Interrupt request due to transmit end (TEND) ERI Interrupt request due to receive error (OER, FER, or PER) The interrupt requests are enabled and disabled by bits TIE and RIE of SCR3. When bit TDRE in SSR is set to 1, TXI is requested. When bit TEND in SSR is set to 1, TEI is requested. These two interrupt requests occur during data transmission. The initial value of bit TDRE is 1. Accordingly, if the transmit data empty interrupt request (TXI) is enabled by setting bit TIE to 1 in SCR3 before placing transmit data in TDR, TXI will be requested even though no transmit data has been readied. Likewise, the initial value of bit TEND is 1. Accordingly, if the transmit end interrupt request (TEI) is enabled by setting bit TEIE to 1 in SCR3 before placing transmit data in TDR, TEI will be requested even though no data has been transmitted. These interrupt features can be used to advantage by programming the interrupt handler to move the transmit data into TDR. When this technique is not used, the interrupt enable bits (TIE and TEIE) should not be set to 1 until after TDR has been loaded with transmit data, to avoid unwanted TXI and TEI interrupts. When bit RDRF in SSR is set to 1, RXI is requested. When any of SSR bits OER, FER, or PER is set to 1, ERI is requested. These two interrupt requests occur during the receiving of data. Details on interrupts are given in 3.3, Interrupts. 266 10.3.8 Application Notes When using SCI3, attention should be paid to the following matters. 1. Relation between bit TDRE and writing data to TDR Bit TDRE in the serial status register (SSR) is a status flag indicating that TDR does not contain new transmit data. TDRE is automatically cleared to 0 when data is written to TDR. When SCI3 transfers data from TDR to TSR, bit TDRE is set to 1. Data can be written to TDR regardless of the status of bit TDRE. However, if new data is written to TDR while TDRE is cleared to 0, assuming the data held in TDR has not yet been shifted to TSR, it will be lost. For this reason it is advisable to confirm that bit TDRE is set to 1 before each write to TDR and not write to TDR more than once without checking TDRE in between. 2. Operation when multiple receive errors occur at the same time When two or more receive errors occur at the same time, the status flags in SSR are set as shown in table 10-3-14. If an overrun error occurs, data is not transferred from RSR to RDR, and receive data is lost. Table 10-3-14 SSR Status Flag States and Transfer of Receive Data SSR Status Flags RDRF* OER FER PER Receive Data Transfer (RSR → RDR) Receive Error Status 1 1 0 0 × Overrun error 0 0 1 0 o Framing error 0 0 0 1 o Parity error 1 1 1 0 × Overrun error + framing error 1 1 0 1 × Overrun error + parity error 0 0 1 1 o Framing error + parity error 1 1 1 1 × Overrun error + framing error + parity error o: Receive data transferred from RSR to RDR ×: Receive data not transferred from RSR to RDR Note: * RDRF keeps the same state as before the data was received. Notation: 267 3. Break detection and processing Break signals can be detected by reading the RXD pin directly when a framing error (FER) is detected. In the break state the input from the RXD pin consists of all 0s, so FER is set and the parity error flag (PER) may also be set. In the break state SCI3 continues to receive, so if the FER bit is cleared to 0 it will be set to 1 again. 4. Sending a mark or break signal When TE is cleared to 0 the TXD pin becomes an I/O port, the level and direction (input or output) of which are determined by the PDR and PCR bits. This feature can be used to place the TXD pin in the mark state or send a break signal. To place the serial communication line in the mark (1) state before TE is set to 1, set the PDR and PCR bits both to 1. Since TE is cleared to 0, TXD becomes a general output port outputting the value 1. To send a break signal during data transmission, set the PCR bit to 1 and clear the PDR bit to 0, then clear TE to 0. When TE is cleared to 0 the transmitter is initialized, regardless of its current state, so the TXD pin becomes an output port outputting the value 0. 5. Receive error flags and transmit operation (sysnchronous mode only) When a receive error flag (ORER, PER, or FER) is set to 1, SCI3 will not start transmitting even if TDRE is cleared to 0. Be sure to clear the receive error flags to 0 when starting to transmit. Note that clearing RE to 0 does not clear the receive error flags. 6. Receive data sampling timing and receive margin in asynchronous mode In asynchronous mode SCI3 operates on a base clock with 16 times the bit rate frequency. In receiving, SCI3 synchronizes internally with the falling edge of the start bit, which it samples on the base clock. Receive data is latched at the rising edge of the eighth base clock pulse. See figure 10-3-21. 268 16 clock cycles 8 clock cycles Internal base clock 0 Receive data (RXD) 7 15 0 Start bit 7 D0 15 0 D1 Synchronization sampling timing Data sampling timing Figure 10-3-21 Receive Data Sampling Timing in Asynchronous Mode The receive margin in asynchronous mode can therefore be derived from the following equation. M = {(0.5 – 1/2N) – (D – 0.5) / N – (L – 0.5) F} × 100% ....................................Equation (1) M: N: D: L: F: Receive margin (%) Ratio of clock frequency to bit rate (N = 16) Clock duty cycle (D = 0.5 to 1) Frame length (L = 9 to 12) Absolute value of clock frequency error In equation (1), if F (absolute value of clock frequency error) = 0 and D (clock duty cycle) = 0.5, the receive margin is 46.875% as given by equation (2) below. When D = 0.5 and F = 0, M = {0.5 – 1/(2 × 16)} × 100% = 46.875% ..........................................................Equation (2) This value is theoretical. In actual system designs a margin of from 20 to 30 percent should be allowed. 269 7. Relationship between bit RDRF and reading RDR While SCI3 is receiving, it checks the RDRF flag. When a frame of data has been received, if the RDRF flag is cleared to 0, data receiving ends normally. If RDRF is set to 1, an overrun error occurs. RDRF is automatically cleared to 0 when the contents of RDR are read. If RDR is read more than once, the second and later reads will be performed with RDRF cleared to 0. While RDRF is 0, if RDR is read when reception of the next frame is just ending, data from the next frame may be read. This is illustrated in figure 10-3-22. Communication line Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame 3 Data 1 Data 2 Data 3 Data 1 Data 2 RDRF RDR A RDR read User processing B RDR read At A , data 1 is read. At B , data 2 is read. Figure 10-3-22 Relationship between Data and RDR Read Timing To avoid the situation described above, after RDRF is confirmed to be 1, RDR should only be read once and should not be read twice or more. When the same data must be read more than once, the data read the first time should be copied to RAM, for example, and the copied data should be used. An alternative is to read RDR but leave a safe margin of time before reception of the next frame is completed. In synchronous mode, all reads of RDR should be completed before bit 7 is received. In asynchronous mode, all reads of RDR should be completed before the stop bit is received. 270 8. Switching SCK3 function If pin SCK3 is used as a clock output pin by SCI3 in synchronous mode and is then switched to a general input/output pin (a pin with a different function), the pin outputs a low level signal for half a system clock (ø) cycle immediately after it is switched. This can be prevented by either of the following methods according to the situation. a. When an SCK3 function is switched from clock output to non clock-output When stopping data transfer, issue one instruction to clear bits TE and RE to 0 and to set bits CKE1 and CKE0 in SCR3 to 1 and 0, respectively. In this case, bit COM in SMR should be left 1. The above prevents SCK3 from being used as a general input/output pin. To avoid an intermediate level of voltage from being applied to SCK3, the line connected to SCK3 should be pulled up to the Vcc level via a resistor, or supplied with output from an external device. b. When an SCK3 function is switched from clock output to general input/outputWhen stopping data transfer, (i) Issue one instruction to clear bits TE and RE to 0 and to set bits CKE1 and CKE0 in SCR3 to 1 and 0, respectively. (ii) Clear bit COM in SCR3 to 0 (iii)Clear bits CKE1 and CKE0 in SCR3 to 0 Note that special care is also needed here to avoid an intermediate level of voltage from being applied to SCK3. 9. Switching TXD function If pin TXD is used as a data output pin by SCI3 in synchronous mode and is then switched to a general input/output pin (a pin with a different function), the pin outputs a high level signal for one system clock (ø) cycle immediately after it is switched. 271 Section 11 A/D Converter 11.1 Overview The H8/3814 Series includes on-chip a resistance-ladder-based successive-approximation analogto-digital converter, and can convert up to 12 channels of analog input. 11.1.1 Features The A/D converter has the following features. • 8-bit resolution • 12 input channels • Conversion time: approx. 12.4 µs per channel (at 5 MHz operation) • Built-in sample-and-hold function • Interrupt requested on completion of A/D conversion • A/D conversion can be started by external trigger input 11.1.2 Block Diagram Figure 11-1 shows a block diagram of the A/D converter. ADTRG A/D start register Multiplexer AVCC + Comparator – AVCC Reference voltage Control logic Internal data bus AN 0 AN 1 AN 2 AN 3 AN 4 AN 5 AN 6 AN 7 AN 8 AN 9 AN 10 AN 11 A/D mode register AVSS A/D result register AVSS IRRAD Figure 11-1 Block Diagram of the A/D Converter 273 11.1.3 Pin Configuration Table 11-1 shows the A/D converter pin configuration. Table 11-1 Pin Configuration Name Abbrev. I/O Function Analog power supply pin AVCC Input Power supply and reference voltage of analog part Analog ground pin AVSS Input Ground and reference voltage of analog part Analog input pin 0 AN0 Input Analog input channel 0 Analog input pin 1 AN1 Input Analog input channel 1 Analog input pin 2 AN2 Input Analog input channel 2 Analog input pin 3 AN3 Input Analog input channel 3 Analog input pin 4 AN4 Input Analog input channel 4 Analog input pin 5 AN5 Input Analog input channel 5 Analog input pin 6 AN6 Input Analog input channel 6 Analog input pin 7 AN7 Input Analog input channel 7 Analog input pin 8 AN8 Input Analog input channel 8 Analog input pin 9 AN9 Input Analog input channel 9 Analog input pin 10 AN10 Input Analog input channel 10 Analog input pin 11 AN11 Input Analog input channel 11 External trigger input pin ADTRG Input External trigger input for starting A/D conversion 11.1.4 Register Configuration Table 11-2 shows the A/D converter register configuration. Table 11-2 Register Configuration Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address A/D mode register AMR R/W H'30 H'FFC4 A/D start register ADSR R/W H'7F H'FFC6 A/D result register ADRR R Not fixed H'FFC5 274 11.2 Register Descriptions 11.2.1 A/D Result Register (ADRR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ADR7 ADR6 ADR5 ADR4 ADR3 ADR2 ADR1 ADR0 Initial value — — — — — — — — Read/Write R R R R R R R R The A/D result register (ADRR) is an 8-bit read-only register for holding the results of analog-todigital conversion. ADRR can be read by the CPU at any time, but the ADRR values during A/D conversion are not fixed. After A/D conversion is complete, the conversion result is stored in ADRR as 8-bit data; this data is held in ADRR until the next conversion operation starts. ADRR is not cleared on reset. 11.2.2 A/D Mode Register (AMR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 CKS TRGE — — CH3 CH2 CH1 CH0 Initial value 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W — — R/W R/W R/W R/W AMR is an 8-bit read/write register for specifying the A/D conversion speed, external trigger option, and the analog input pins. Upon reset, AMR is initialized to H'30. Bit 7: Clock select (CKS) Bit 7 sets the A/D conversion speed. Conversion Time Bit 7 CKS Conversion Period ø = 2 MHz ø = 5 MHz 0 62/ø (initial value) 31 µs 12.4 µs 1 31/ø 15.5 µs * Note: * Operation is not guaranteed if the conversion time is less than 12.4 µs. Set bit 7 for a value of at least 12.4 µs. 275 Bit 6: External trigger select (TRGE) Bit 6 enables or disables the start of A/D conversion by external trigger input. Bit 6 TRGE Description 0 Disables start of A/D conversion by external trigger 1 Enables start of A/D conversion by rising or falling edge of external trigger at pin ADTRG* (initial value) Note: * The external trigger (ADTRG) edge is selected by bit IEG4 of the IRQ edge select register (IEGR). See 3.3.2 for details. Bits 5 and 4: Reserved bits Bits 5 and 4 are reserved; are they always read as 1, and cannot be modified. Bits 3 to 0: Channel select (CH3 to CH0) Bits 3 to 0 select the analog input channel. The channel selection should be made while bit ADSF is cleared to 0. Bit 3 CH3 Bit 2 CH2 Bit 1 CH1 Bit 0 CH0 Analog Input Channel 0 0 * * No channel selected 0 1 0 0 AN0 0 1 0 1 AN1 0 1 1 0 AN2 0 1 1 1 AN3 1 0 0 0 AN4 1 0 0 1 AN5 1 0 1 0 AN6 1 0 1 1 AN7 1 1 0 0 AN8 1 1 0 1 AN9 1 1 1 0 AN10 1 1 1 1 AN11 Note: * Don’t care 276 (initial value) 11.2.3 A/D Start Register (ADSR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ADSF — — — — — — — Initial value 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Read/Write R/W — — — — — — — The A/D start register (ADSR) is an 8-bit read/write register for starting and stopping A/D conversion. A/D conversion is started by writing 1 to the A/D start flag (ADSF) or by input of the designated edge of the external trigger signal, which also sets ADSF to 1. When conversion is complete, the converted data is set in the A/D result register (ADRR), and at the same time ADSF is cleared to 0. Bit 7: A/D start flag (ADSF) Bit 7 controls and indicates the start and end of A/D conversion. Bit 7 ADSF Description 0 Read Indicates the completion of A/D conversion Write Stops A/D conversion Read Indicates A/D conversion in progress Write Starts A/D conversion 1 Bits 6 to 0: Reserved bits Bits 6 to 0 are reserved; they are always read as 1, and cannot be modified. 277 (initial value) 11.3 Operation 11.3.1 A/D Conversion Operation The A/D converter operates by successive approximations, and yields its conversion result as 8-bit data. A/D conversion begins when software sets the A/D start flag (bit ADSF) to 1. Bit ADSF keeps a value of 1 during A/D conversion, and is cleared to 0 automatically when conversion is complete. The completion of conversion also sets bit IRRAD in interrupt request register 2 (IRR2) to 1. An A/D conversion end interrupt is requested if bit IENAD in interrupt enable register 2 (IENR2) is set to 1. If the conversion time or input channel needs to be changed in the A/D mode register (AMR) during A/D conversion, bit ADSF should first be cleared to 0, stopping the conversion operation, in order to avoid malfunction. 11.3.2 Start of A/D Conversion by External Trigger Input The A/D converter can be made to start A/D conversion by input of an external trigger signal. External trigger input is enabled at pin ADTRG when bit IRQ4 in port mode register 2 (PMR2) is set to 1, and bit TRGE in AMR is set to 1. Then when the input signal edge designated in bit IEG4 of the IRQ edge select register (IEGR) is detected at pin ADTRG, bit ADSF in ADSR will be set to 1, starting A/D conversion. Figure 11-2 shows the timing. ø Pin ADTRG (when bit IEG4 = 0) ADSF A/D conversion Figure 11-2 External Trigger Input Timing 278 11.4 Interrupts When A/D conversion ends (ADSF changes from 1 to 0), bit IRRAD in interrupt request register 2 (IRR2) is set to 1. A/D conversion end interrupts can be enabled or disabled by means of bit IENAD in interrupt enable register 2 (IENR2). For further details see 3.3, Interrupts. 11.5 Typical Use An example of how the A/D converter can be used is given below, using channel 1 (pin AN1) as the analog input channel. Figure 11-3 shows the operation timing. • Bits CH3 to CH0 of the A/D mode register (AMR) are set to 0101, making pin AN1 the analog input channel. A/D interrupts are enabled by setting bit IENAD to 1, and A/D conversion is started by setting bit ADSF to 1. • When A/D conversion is complete, bit IRRAD is set to 1, and the A/D conversion result is stored in the A/D result register (ADRR). At the same time ADSF is cleared to 0, and the A/D converter goes to the idle state. • Bit IENAD = 1, so an A/D conversion end interrupt is requested. • The A/D interrupt handling routine starts. • The A/D conversion result is read and processed. • The A/D interrupt handling routine ends. If ADSF is set to 1 again afterward, A/D conversion starts and steps 2 through 6 take place. Figures 11-4 and 11-5 show flow charts of procedures for using the A/D converter. 279 Figure 11-3 Typical A/D Converter Operation Timing 280 Idle A/D conversion starts A/D conversion (1) Set * Set * Note: * ( ) indicates instruction execution by software. ADRR Channel 1 (AN 1) operation state ADSF IENAD Interrupt (IRRAD) A/D conversion (2) A/D conversion result (1) Read conversion result Idle Set * A/D conversion result (2) Read conversion result Idle Start Set A/D conversion speed and input channel Disable A/D conversion end interrupt Start A/D conversion Read ADSR No ADSF = 0? Yes Read ADRR data Yes Perform A/D conversion? No End Figure 11-4 Flow Chart of Procedure for Using A/D Converter (1) (Polling by Software) 281 Start Set A/D conversion speed and input channels Enable A/D conversion end interrupt Start A/D conversion A/D conversion end interrupt? No Yes Clear bit IRRAD to 0 in IRR2 Read ADRR data Yes Perform A/D conversion? No End Figure 11-5 Flow Chart of Procedure for Using A/D Converter (2) (Interrupts Used) 11.6 Application Notes • Data in the A/D result register (ADRR) should be read only when the A/D start flag (ADSF) in the A/D start register (ADSR) is cleared to 0. • Changing the digital input signal at an adjacent pin during A/D conversion may adversely affect conversion accuracy. 282 Section 12 LCD Controller/Driver 12.1 Overview The H8/3814 Series has an on-chip segment-type LCD controller circuit, LCD driver, and power supply circuit, for direct driving of an LCD panel. 12.1.1 Features Features of the LCD controller/driver are as follows. • Display capacity Duty Internal Driver External Segment Expansion Driver On-chip driver only — 40 segments 0 Use with external segment expansion driver Static 36 segments 124 segments 1/2 36 segments 44 segments 1/3 36 segments — 1/4 36 segments — The HD66100 can be used for external expansion of the number of segments. • LCD RAM capacity 8 bits × 20 bytes (160 bits) • Word access to LCD RAM • Segment output pins can be switched to general-purpose ports in groups of 4 • Unused common output pins can be used either for boosting common output (by parallel connection) or as ports. • Displays in all operation modes except standby mode. • Choice of 11 frame frequencies • Internal voltage divider for liquid crystal driver power supply 283 12.1.2 Block Diagram Figure 12-1 shows a block diagram of the LCD controller/driver. VCC M ø/2 to ø/256 LCD driver power supply CL2 Common data latch øW to øW/4 Common driver Display timing generator COM 1 COM 4 SEG 40 /CL 1 SEG 39 /CL 2 SEG 38 /DO SEG 37 /M SEG 36 LPCR LCR Internal data bus V1 V2 V3 VSS 40-bit shift register CL1 Segment driver LCD RAM 20 bytes SEG 1 SEG n , DO Notation: LPCR: LCD port control register LCR: LCD control register Figure 12-1 LCD Controller/Driver Block Diagram 284 12.1.3 Pin Configuration Table 12-1 shows the output pins assigned to the LCD controller/driver. Table 12-1 Pin Configuration Name Abbrev. I/O Function LCD segment output SEG40 to SEG1 Output Liquid crystal segment driver pins. All pins can be programmed also as ports. LCD common output COM4 to COM1 Output Liquid crystal common driver pins. Parallel connection is possible at static and 1/2 duty. External segment expansion signal CL1 Output Display data latch clock; doubles as SEG40 CL2 Output Display data shift clock; doubles as SEG39 M Output LCD alternating signal; doubles as SEG37 DO Output Serial display data; doubles as SEG38 V1, V2, V3 Input For external connection to bypass capacitor or for use of external power supply circuit LCD power supply 12.1.4 Register Configuration Table 12-2 shows the register configuration of the LCD controller/driver. Table 12-2 Register Configuration Name Abbrev. R/W Initial Value Address LCD port control register LPCR R/W H'00 H'FFC0 LCD control register LCR R/W H'80 H'FFC1 LCD RAM — R/W Not fixed H'F740 to H'F753* Note: * Value after reset. 285 12.2 Register Descriptions 12.2.1 LCD Port Control Register (LPCR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DTS1 DTS0 CMX SGX SGS3 SGS2 SGS1 SGS0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W The LCD port control register is an 8-bit read/write register, used for selecting the duty cycle and the LCD driver and pin functions, etc. Upon reset, LPCR is initialized to H'00. Bits 7 to 5: Duty and common function select (DTS1, DTS0, CMX) Bits 7 to 6 select a driver duty of static, 1/2, 1/3, or 1/4. Bit 5 determines whether the common pins not used at a given duty are to be used as ports or, in order to increase the common driving capacity, as multiple pins outputting the same waveform. Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 DTS1 DTS0 CMX Duty Common Driver*1 Other Uses 0 Static COM1 (initial value) COM4, COM3 and COM2 usable as ports COM4 to COM1 COM4, COM3 and COM2 output the same waveform as COM1 COM2 to COM1 COM4 and COM3 usable as ports COM4 to COM1 COM4 outputs the same waveform as COM3, and COM2 the same waveform as COM1 COM3 to COM1 COM4 usable as port COM4 to COM1 COM4 outputs a non-select waveform*2 COM4 to COM1 — 0 0 1 0 1 0 1/2 duty 1 1 0 0 1/3 duty 1 1 1 0 1/4 duty 1 Notes: 1. Pins COM4 to COM1 become ports when bit SGX = 0 and bits SGS3 to SGS0 = 0000. Otherwise the common drivers are as indicated in the table above. 2. A non-select waveform is always output at pin COM4, which therefore should not be used. 286 Bit 4: Expansion signal select (SGX) Bit 4 selects whether pins SEG40/CL1, SEG39/CL2, SEG38/DO, and SEG37/M are used as segment pins (SEG40 to SEG37) or as external segment expansion pins (CL1, CL2, DO, M). Bit 4 SGX Description 0 Pins SEG40 to SEG37* 1 Pins CL1, CL2, DO, M (initial value) Note: * Selected as ports when bits SGS3 to SGS0 = 0000. Bits 3 to 0: Segment driver select (SGS3 to SGS0) Bits 3 to 0 select the pins to be used as segment drivers. Functions of Pins SEG40 to SEG1 Bit4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 SEG40 to SEG36 to SEG32 to SEG28 to SEG24 to SEG20 to SEG16 to SEG12 to SEG8 to SEG4 to SGX SGS3 SGS2 SGS1 SGS0 SEG37 SEG33 SEG29 SEG25 SEG21 SEG17 SEG13 SEG9 SEG5 SEG1 Remarks 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 * * 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 * * 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 * * 0 1 * * 1 Port SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG External segment expansion External segment expansion External segment expansion External segment expansion External segment expansion External segment expansion External segment expansion External segment expansion External segment expansion External segment expansion Port SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port Port SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port Port Port SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port Port Port Port SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port Port Port Port Port SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port Port Port Port Port Port SEG Port SEG Port Port Port Port Port Port Port Port SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port Port Port SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port Port SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Note: * Don’t care 287 (initial value) 12.2.2 LCD Control Register (LCR) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — PSW ACT DISP CKS3 CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 Initial value 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W The LCD control register is an 8-bit read/write register for on/off control of the resistive voltage divider used as the LCD driver power supply, for display data control, and for frame frequency selection. Upon reset, LCR is initialized to H'80. Bit 7: Reserved bit Bit 7 is reserved; it is always read as 1, and cannot be modified. Bit 6: Power switch (PSW) Bit 6 switches the resistive voltage divider provided to power the LCD driver on/off. In lowpower modes when the LCD display is not used, or when an external power supply is used for the LCD, the resistive voltage divider can be switched off. When bit ACT = 0, or in standby mode, the resistive voltage divider is in the off state regardless of the bit 6 setting. Bit 6 PSW Description 0 LCD power supply resistive voltage divider off 1 LCD power supply resistive voltage divider on (initial value) Bit 5: Display active (ACT) Bit 5 selects whether the LCD controller/driver is used or not. When this bit is cleared to 0, the LCD controller/driver module halts operation, and the resistive voltage divider provided for the LCD driver power supply goes to the off state regardless of the PSW setting. However, register contents are retained. Bit 5 ACT Description 0 LCD controller/driver operation stopped 1 LCD controller/driver operational 288 (initial value) Bit 4: Display data control (DISP) Bit 4 selects whether the LCD RAM contents are displayed or blank data is displayed regardless of the LCD RAM contents. This bit is valid also when the HD66100 is used for external segment expansion. Bit 4 DISP Description 0 Blank data displayed 1 LCD RAM data displayed (initial value) Bits 3 to 0: Frame frequency select (CKS3 to CKS0) Bits 3 to 0 select the clock used by the LCD controller/driver, and the frame frequency. In subactive, watch, and subsleep modes the system clock (ø) is stopped, so there will be no display in these modes if ø/2 to ø/256 is chosen as the clock source. For display in these modes, clock øW, øW/2 or øW/4 must be selected. Frame Frequency*2 Bit 3 CKS3 Bit 2 CKS2 Bit 1 CKS1 Bit 0 CKS0 Clock ø = 5 MHz 0 * 0 0 øW 128 Hz 0 * 0 1 øW/2 64 Hz 0 * 1 * øW/4 32 Hz 1 0 0 0 ø/2 — 610 Hz 1 0 0 1 ø/4 — 305 Hz 1 0 1 0 ø/8 — 153 Hz 1 0 1 1 ø/16 610 Hz 76.3 Hz 1 1 0 0 ø/32 305 Hz 38.1 Hz 1 1 0 1 ø/64 153 Hz — 1 1 1 0 ø/128 76.3 Hz — 1 1 1 1 ø/256 38.1 Hz — ø = 625 kHz*1 (initial value) Notes: * Don’t care 1. Frame frequency in active (medium-speed) mode 2. When a duty cycle of 1/3 is chosen, the frame frequency will be 4/3 times the frequencies shown in the above table. 289 12.3 Operation 12.3.1 Settings Prior to LCD Display Various decisions related to hardware and software must be made before using the LCD controller/driver with an LCD display. The settings are described below. 1. Hardware settings • Use at 1/2 duty To use at 1/2 duty, connect pins V2 and V3 as shown in figure 12-2. VCC V1 V2 V3 VSS Figure 12-2 LCD Driver Power Supply Processing at 1/2 Duty • Large-panel display Because of the large impedance of the built-in resistive voltage divider, the H8/3814 Series LCD controller/driver is not well suited to driving large-panel displays. If use of a large panel leads to an unclear display, refer to 12.3.5 on boosting the LCD driver power supply. At static and 1/2 duty it is possible to boost the common output driving capacity. Set bit CMX to 1 when selecting the duty cycle. In this mode, at static duty pins COM4 to COM1 output the same waveform, while at 1/2 duty pins COM2 and COM1 output the COM1 waveform and pins COM4 and COM3 output the COM2 waveform. 290 • Segment expansion The HD66100 can be connected externally to expand the number of segments. See 12.3.3, Connection to HD66100. 2. Software settings • Duty cycle selection The duty cycle is selected in bits DTS1 and DTS0, with a choice of static, 1/2, 1/3, or 1/4 duty. • Segment driver selection The segment drivers to be used are selected in bits SGS3 to SGS0. • Frame frequency selection The frame frequency is selected in bits CKS3 to CKS0. The frame frequency should be selected depending on the specification of the LCD panel to be used. Refer to 12.3.4, Operation in PowerDown Modes, for information on clock selection in watch mode, subactive mode, and subsleep mode. 12.3.2 Relation of LCD RAM to Display The relation of the LCD RAM to segments depends on the duty cycle. LCD RAM memory maps for each duty cycle when segments are not expanded externally are shown in figures 12-3 to 12-6. When segments are expanded externally, the LCD RAM memory maps for each duty cycle are as shown in figures 12-7 to 12-8. It is also possible to use only external segments and not use the segment pins on this chip, in which case the LCD RAM memory map is as shown in figure 12-9. After setting the registers that control the LCD display, write data to the area corresponding to the duty cycle selected, using the same instructions as for the ordinary RAM. If the display is switched on, the data will be displayed automatically. Both word and byte access instructions can be used for writing to the LCD RAM. 291 12.3.3 Connection to HD66100 To expand the number of segments externally, connect the H8/3814 Series to the HD66100 segment chip. The HD66100 chip provides an additional 80 segments. When external segments are used, set bit SGX in LPCR for use of pins SEG40 to SEG37 as external segment expansion signal pins. Data will be output starting from LCD RAM pin SEG37. When bits SGS3 to SGS0 in LPCR are set to 0000, data will be output starting from LCD RAM pin SEG1. Figure 12-10 shows typical connections to the HD66100. The output level is determined by the combination of data pins and pin M; but that combination differs between the H8/3814 Series and the HD66100. Table 12-3 shows the output level of the LCD driver power supply. Figure 12-11 shows the common and segment waveforms at each duty. If bit ACT = 0, then if CL2 = 0, CL1 = 0 and M = 0, DO stops with the data output at that moment (1 or 0). In standby mode the expansion pins are in the high-impedance (floating) state. External expansion increases the load on the LCD panel, as a result of which the internal power supply may not have sufficient capacity. In that case refer to 12.3.5 on boosting the LCD driver power supply. H'F740 * Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 SEG 2 SEG 2 SEG2 SEG 2 SEG 1 SEG 1 SEG 1 SEG 1 Internal driver display area H'F753 * SEG40 SEG40 SEG40 SEG40 SEG39 SEG39 SEG39 SEG39 COM 4 COM 3 COM 2 COM 1 COM 4 COM 3 COM 2 COM 1 Note: * Values immediately after reset. Figure 12-3 LCD RAM Map 1: No External Segment Expansion (1/4 Duty) 292 Bit 7 H'F740 * Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 SEG 2 SEG 2 SEG 2 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 SEG 1 SEG 1 SEG 1 Internal driver display area Area not used for display H'F753 * SEG 40 SEG40 SEG40 SEG 39 SEG 39 SEG39 COM 3 COM 2 COM 1 COM 3 COM 2 COM 1 Note: * Values immediately after reset. Figure 12-4 LCD RAM Map 2: No External Segment Expansion (1/3 Duty) H'F740 * Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 SEG 4 SEG 4 SEG 3 SEG 3 SEG 2 SEG 2 SEG 1 SEG 1 Internal driver display area H'F749 * SEG40 SEG 40 SEG 39 SEG39 SEG38 SEG38 SEG 37 SEG37 Area not used for display H'F753 * COM 2 COM 1 COM 2 COM 1 COM 2 COM 1 COM 2 COM 1 Note: * Values immediately after reset. Figure 12-5 LCD RAM Map 3: No External Segment Expansion (1/2 Duty) 293 H'F740 * Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 SEG 8 SEG 7 SEG 6 SEG 5 SEG 4 SEG 3 SEG 2 SEG 1 Internal driver display area H'F744 * SEG40 SEG39 SEG38 SEG37 SEG36 SEG35 SEG34 SEG33 Area not used for display H'F753 * COM 1 COM 1 COM 1 COM 1 COM 1 COM 1 COM 1 COM 1 Note: * Values immediately after reset. Figure 12-6 LCD RAM Map 4: No External Segment Expansion (Static Duty) H'F740 * Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 SEG 4 SEG 4 SEG 3 SEG 3 SEG 2 SEG 2 SEG 1 SEG 1 Internal driver display area H'F748 * SEG36 SEG 36 SEG 35 SEG35 SEG34 SEG34 SEG 33 SEG33 SEG40 SEG 40 SEG 39 SEG39 SEG38 SEG38 SEG 37 SEG37 External driver display area H'F753 * SEG80 SEG 80 SEG 79 SEG79 SEG78 SEG78 SEG 77 SEG77 COM 2 COM 1 COM 2 COM 1 COM 2 COM 1 COM 2 COM 1 Note: * Values immediately after reset. Figure 12-7 LCD RAM Map 1: External Segment Expansion (1/2 Duty) 294 H'F740 * Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 SEG 8 SEG 7 SEG 6 SEG 5 SEG 4 SEG 3 SEG 2 SEG 1 Internal driver display area H'F744 * SEG40 SEG 39 SEG 38 SEG37 SEG 36 SEG 35 SEG 34 SEG33 External driver display area H'F753 * SEG 160 SEG 159 SEG 158 SEG 157 SEG 156 SEG 155 SEG 154 SEG 153 COM 1 COM 1 COM 1 COM 1 COM 1 COM 1 COM 1 COM 1 Note: * Values immediately after reset. Figure 12-8 LCD RAM Map 2: External Segment Expansion (Static Duty) H'F740 * Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 SEG 4 SEG 4 SEG 3 SEG 3 SEG 2 SEG 2 SEG 1 SEG 1 External driver display area H'F753 * SEG80 SEG 80 SEG 79 SEG79 SEG78 SEG78 SEG 77 SEG77 COM 2 COM 1 COM 2 COM 1 COM 2 COM 1 COM 2 COM 1 Note: * Values immediately after reset. Figure 12-9 LCD RAM Map When All External Segments are Used (Example: SGX = 1, SGS3 to SGS0 = 0000, 1/2 Duty) 295 1/2 duty VCC V1 V2 V3 This LSI VSS SEG 40 /CL1 SEG 39 /CL2 SEG 38 /DO SEG 37 /M VCC V1 V4 V3 V2 GND VEE SHL CL1 CL2 DI M HD66100 VCC V1 V4 V3 V2 GND VEE SHL CL1 CL2 DI M HD66100 Static VCC V1 V2 V3 This LSI VSS SEG 40 /CL1 SEG 39 /CL2 SEG 38 /DO SEG 37 /M Figure 12-10 Connection to HD66100 296 1 frame M Data COM 1 V1 V2 V3 VSS COM 2 V1 V2 V3 VSS COM 3 V1 V2 V3 VSS V1 V2 V3 VSS V1 V2 V3 VSS COM 4 SEG n Figure 12-11 (a) Waveforms at 1/4 Duty 1 frame M Data COM 1 V1 V2 V3 VSS COM 2 V1 V2 V3 VSS COM 3 V1 V2 V3 VSS SEG n V1 V2 V3 VSS Figure 12-11 (b) Waveforms at 1/3 Duty 297 1 frame M Data COM 1 V1 V2 , V 3 VSS COM 2 V1 V2 , V 3 VSS SEG n Figure 12-11 (c) Waveforms at 1/2 Duty 1 frame M Data V1 COM 1 VSS V1 SEG n VSS Figure 12-11 (d) Waveforms at Static Duty 298 Table 12-3 Output Levels Data 0 0 1 1 M 0 1 0 1 Common output V1 VSS V1 VSS Segment output V1 VSS VSS V1 Common output V2, V3 V2, V3 V1 VSS Segment output V1 VSS VSS V1 Common output V3 V2 V1 VSS Segment output V2 V3 VSS V1 Common output V3 V2 V1 VSS Segment output V2 V3 VSS V1 Static 1/2 duty 1/3 duty 1/4 duty 12.3.4 Operation in Power-Down Modes The LCD controller/driver can be operated in the low-power modes, as shown in table 12-4. In the subactive, watch, and subsleep modes, the system clock pulse generator stops running, so no clock signal will be supplied and the display will be stopped, unless øW, øW/2 or øW/4 was selected when setting bits CKS3 to CKS0 in LCR. Since this may result in a direct current being applied to the LCD panel, be sure to select øW, øW/2 or øW/4 as the clock if these modes are used. In active (medium-speed) mode the system clock is changed, making it necessary to adjust the frame frequency setting (in bits CKS3 to CKS0) to avoid a change in frame frequency. Table 12-4 LCD Controller/Driver Operation in Power-Down Modes Mode Clock Display Reset Active Sleep Watch Subactive Subsleep Standby ø Running Running Running Stopped Stopped Stopped Stopped øW Running Running Running Running Running Running Stopped*1 ACT = 0 Stopped Stopped Stopped Stopped Stopped Stopped Stopped*2 On*3 Stopped*2 ACT = 1 Stopped On On On*3 On*3 Notes: 1. The subclock pulse generator does not stop, but clock supply is stopped. 2. The LCD driver power supply resistive voltage divider is off regardless of bit PSW. 3. The display will not function unless øW, øW/2 or øW/4 is selected as the clock. 299 12.3.5 Boosting the LCD Driver Power Supply When a large LCD panel is driven, or if segments are expanded externally, the built-in power supply capacity may be insufficient, making it necessary to lower the power supply impedance. One method, shown in figure 12-10, is to connect a bypass capacitor of around 0.1 µF to 0.3 µF to pins V1, V2, and V3. Another approach, shown in figure 12-12 below, is to connect a resistive voltage divider externally. VCC R V1 R This LSI V2 R = several kΩ R C = 0.1 µF to 0.3 µF V3 VSS R Figure 12-12 Connecting an External Resistive Voltage Divider 300 Section 13 H8/3814 Series Electrical Characteristics 13.1 H8/3814, H8/3813, H8/3812 Absolute Maximum Ratings Table 13-1 lists the absolute maximum ratings. Table 13-1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Item Symbol Value Unit Power supply voltage VCC –0.3 to +7.0 V Analog power supply voltage AVCC –0.3 to +7.0 V Input voltage Ports other than ports B and C Vin –0.3 to VCC + 0.3 V Ports B and C AVin –0.3 to AVCC + 0.3 V Operating temperature Topr –20 to +75 °C Storage temperature Tstg –55 to +125 °C Note: Permanent damage may occur to the chip if maximum ratings are exceeded. Normal operation should be under the conditions specified in Electrical Characteristics. Exceeding these values can result in incorrect operation and reduced reliability. 301 13.2 H8/3814, H8/3813, H8/3812 Electrical Characteristics 13.2.1 Power Supply Voltage and Operating Range The power supply voltage and operating range of the H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 are indicated by the shaded region in the figures below. Power supply voltage vs. oscillator frequency range 10.0 32.768 fw (kHz) f OSC (MHz) 1. 5.0 2.0 2.7 4.0 5.5 VCC (V) 2.7 • Active mode (high speed) • Sleep mode 4.0 • All operating modes 302 5.5 VCC (V) 2. Power supply voltage vs. clock frequency range øSUB (kHz) ø (MHz) 5.0 2.5 16.384 8.192 4.096 0.5 2.7 4.0 5.5 VCC (V) 2.7 • Active mode (high speed) • Sleep mode (except CPU) 4.0 5.5 VCC (V) • Subactive mode • Subsleep mode (except CPU) • Watch mode (except CPU) 625.0 ø (kHz) 500.0 312.5 62.5 2.7 4.0 5.5 VCC (V) • Active mode (medium speed) 3. Analog power supply voltage vs. A/D converter operating range 5.0 625.0 ø (kHz) ø (MHz) 500.0 2.5 0.5 312.5 62.5 2.7 4.0 5.5 AVCC (V) 2.7 • Active (high speed) mode • Sleep mode 4.0 5.5 AVCC (V) • Active (medium speed) mode 303 13.2.2 DC Characteristics Table 13-2 lists the DC characteristics of the H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812. Table 13-2 DC Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Input high voltage VIH RES, MD0, WKP0 to WKP7, IRQ0 to IRQ4, TMIF TMIG, SCK1, SCK3, ADTRG 0.8 VCC — VCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 0.9 VCC — VCC + 0.3 SI1, RXD 0.7 VCC — VCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 0.8 VCC — VCC + 0.3 OSC1 VCC – 0.5 — VCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V VCC – 0.3 — VCC + 0.3 P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P43 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 0.7 VCC — VCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 0.8 VCC — VCC + 0.3 PB0 to PB7 PC0 to PC3 0.7 VCC — AVCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 0.8 VCC — AVCC + 0.3 RES, MD0, WKP0 to WKP7, IRQ0 to IRQ4, TMIF TMIG, SCK1, SCK3, ADTRG –0.3 — 0.2 VCC –0.3 — 0.1 VCC SI1, RXD –0.3 — 0.3 VCC –0.3 — 0.2 VCC OSC1 –0.3 — 0.5 –0.3 — 0.3 Input low voltage VIL Note: Connect pin TEST to VSS. 304 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Note Table 13-2 DC Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (cont) VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Input low voltage VIL P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P43 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 PB0 to PB7 PC0 to PC3 –0.3 — 0.3 VCC V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V –0.3 — 0.2 VCC P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P42 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 VCC – 1.0 — — V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V –IOH = 1.0 mA VCC – 0.5 — — VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V –IOH = 0.5 mA VCC – 0.5 — — –IOH = 0.1 mA P10 to P17 P40 to P42 — 0.6 — — 0.5 IOL = 0.4 mA P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 — — 0.5 IOL = 0.4 mA P20 to P27 P30 to P37 — — 1.5 VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V IOL = 10 mA — — 0.6 VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V IOL = 1.6 mA — — 0.5 IOL = 0.4 mA Output VOH high voltage Output VOL low voltage — Note: Connect pin TEST to VSS. 305 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V IOL = 1.6 mA Note Table 13-2 DC Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (cont) VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Input leakage current |IIL| RES, P43 — — 1 µA VIN = 0.5 V to VCC – 0.5 V OSC1, MD0 P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P42 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 — — 1 µA VIN = 0.5 V to VCC – 0.5 V PB0 to PB7 PC0 to PC3 — — 1 P10 to P17 P30 to P37 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 50 — 300 µA VCC = 5 V, VIN = 0 V — 35 — µA VCC = 2.7 V, VIN = 0 V All input pins except power supply pin — — 15 pF f = 1 MHz, VIN = 0 V Ta = 25°C Pull-up MOS current –IP Input CIN capacitance 306 Note VIN = 0.5 V to AVCC – 0.5 V Reference value Table 13-2 DC Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (cont) VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Note Active mode current dissipation IOPE1 VCC — 12 24 mA Active mode (high speed), VCC = 5 V, fosc = 10 MHz 1, 2 IOPE2 VCC — 2.5 5 mA Active mode (medium speed), 1, 2 VCC = 5 V, fosc = 10 MHz ISLEEP VCC — 5 10 mA VCC = 5 V, fosc = 10 MHz 1, 2 VCC — 50 130 µA VCC = 2.7 V, LCD on, 32-kHz crystal oscillator (øSUB = øw/2) 1, 2 — 40 — µA VCC = 2.7 V, LCD on, 32-kHz crystal oscillator (øSUB = øw/8) Reference value 1, 2 Sleep mode current dissipation Subactive mode ISUB current dissipation Subsleep mode current dissipation ISUBSP VCC — 40 90 µA VCC = 2.7 V, LCD on, 32-kHz crystal oscillator (øSUB = øw/2) 1, 2 Watch mode current dissipation IWATCH VCC — — 6 µA VCC = 2.7 V, LCD not used, 32-kHz crystal oscillator 1, 2 Standby mode current dissipation ISTBY VCC — — 5 µA 32-kHz crystal oscillator not used 1, 2 RAM data VRAM retaining voltage VCC 2 — — V 1, 2 Notes: 1. Pin states during current measurement LCD Power Supply Internal State Other Pins Active mode VCC (high and medium speed) Operates VCC Open Sleep mode VCC Only timer operates VCC Open Subactive mode VCC Operates VCC Open Subsleep mode VCC Only timer operates, CPU stops VCC Open Watch mode VCC Only time-base clock operates, CPU stops VCC Open Standby mode VCC CPU and timers all stop VCC Open Mode RES Pin 2. Excludes current in pull-up MOS transistors and output buffers. 307 Oscillator Pins System clock oscillator: Crystal Subclock oscillator: Pin X1 = VCC System clock oscillator: Crystal Subclock oscillator: Crystal System clock oscillator: Crystal Subclock oscillator: Pin X1 = VCC Table 13-2 DC Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (cont) VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Allowable output low current (per pin) IOL Allowable output low current (total) ΣIOL Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Output pins except in ports 2 and 3 — — 2 mA VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Ports 2 and 3 — — 10 All output pins — — 0.5 Output pins except in ports 2 and 3 — — 40 Ports 2 and 3 — — 80 All output pins — — 20 Allowable output high current (per pin) –IOH All output pins — — 2 — — 0.2 Allowable output high current (total) Σ–IOH All output pins — — 15 — — 10 308 VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V mA VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V mA VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V mA VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 13.2.3 AC Characteristics Table 13-3 lists the control signal timing, and tables 13-4 and 13-5 list the serial interface timing of the H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812. Table 13-3 Control Signal Timing of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins System clock oscillation frequency fOSC OSC1, OSC2 2 2 OSC clock (øOSC) cycle time tOSC System clock (ø) cycle time tcyc Subclock oscillation frequency fW Watch clock (øW) cycle time tW Subclock (øSUB) cycle time tsubcyc Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition — 10 MHz VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V — 5 OSC1, OSC2 100 — 1000 ns 200 — 1000 2 — 16 — — 2000 ns X1, X2 — 32.768 — kHz X1, X2 — 30.5 — µs 2 — 8 tW 2 — — tcyc tsubcyc ms Instruction cycle time Reference Figure VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 1 Figure 13-1 tOSC 1 2 Oscillation stabilization trc time (crystal oscillator) OSC1, OSC2 — — 40 — — 60 Oscillation stabilization trc time X1, X2 — — 2 s External clock high width tCPH OSC1 40 — — ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-1 80 — — External clock low width tCPL 40 — — ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-1 80 — — — — 15 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-1 — — 20 — — 15 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-1 — — 20 10 — — OSC1 External clock rise time tCPr External clock fall time Pin RES low width tCPf tREL RES VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V tcyc Notes: 1. A frequency between 1 MHz to 10 MHz is required when an external clock is input. 2. Selected with SA1 and SA0 of system clock control register 2 (SYSCR2). 309 Figure 13-2 Table 13-3 Control Signal Timing of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (cont) VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Applicable Pins Item Symbol Min Typ Input pin high width tIH IRQ0 to IRQ4 2 WKP0 to WKP7 ADTRG TMIF, TMIG Input pin low width tIL IRQ0 to IRQ4 2 WKP0 to WKP7 ADTRG TMIF, TMIG Test Condition Reference Figure Max Unit — — tcyc tsubcyc Figure 13-3 — — tcyc tsubcyc Figure 13-3 Table 13-4 Serial Interface (SCI1) Timing of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Input serial clock cycle time tscyc SCK1 2 — — tcyc Figure 13-4 Input serial clock high width tSCKH SCK1 0.4 — — tscyc Figure 13-4 Input serial clock low width tSCKL SCK1 0.4 — — tscyc Figure 13-4 Input serial clock rise time tSCKr SCK1 — — 60 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 — — 80 Input serial clock fall time tSCKf SCK1 — — 60 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 — — 80 Serial output data delay time tSOD SO1 — — 200 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 — — Serial input data setup time tSIS SI1 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 Serial input data hold time tSIH SI1 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 Reference Figure 350 200 — — 400 — — 200 — — 400 — — 310 Test Condition Table 13-5 Serial Interface (SCI3) Timing of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, unless otherwise specified. Item Typ Max Unit tscyc 4 — — tcyc Figure 13-5 6 — — Input clock pulse width tSCKW 0.4 — 0.6 tscyc Figure 13-5 Transmit data delay time (synchronous mode) tTXD — — 1 tcyc VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-6 — — 1 Receive data setup time (synchronous mode) tRXS 200 — — ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-6 400 — — Receive data hold time (synchronous mode) tRXH 200 — — ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-6 400 — — Input clock cycle Asynchronous Synchronous 311 Test Condition Reference Figure Symbol Min 13.2.4 A/D Converter Characteristics Table 13-6 shows the A/D converter characteristics of the H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812. Table 13-6 A/D Converter Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, AVSS = VSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Note Analog power supply voltage AVCC AVCC 4.0 — V 1 Analog input voltage AVIN AN0 to AN11 AVSS – 0.3 — AVCC + 0.3 V Analog power supply current AIOPE AVCC — — 1.5 AISTOP1 AVCC — 150 — µA 2 Reference value AISTOP2 AVCC — — 5 µA 3 CAIN AN0 to AN11 — — 30 pF Allowable signal RAIN source impedance — — 10 kΩ Resolution (data length) — — 8 bit Non-linearity error — — ±2.0 LSB Quantization error — — ±0.5 LSB Absolute accuracy — — ±2.5 LSB Conversion time 12.4 — 124 µs 24.8 — 124 Analog input capacitance 5.5 mA AVCC = 5.0 V AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V Notes: 1. Set AVCC = VCC when the A/D converter is not used. 2. AISTOP1 is the current in active and sleep modes while the A/D converter is idle. 3. AISTOP2 is the current at reset and in standby, watch, subactive, and subsleep modes while the A/D converter is idle. 312 13.2.5 LCD Characteristics Table 13-7 lists the LCD characteristics, and table 13-8 lists the AC characteristics for external segment expansion of the H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812. Table 13-7 LCD Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Segment driver voltage drop VDS Common driver voltage drop VDC LCD power supply voltage divider resistance RLCD LCD power supply voltage VLCD Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Note SEG1 to SEG40 — — 0.6 V ID = 2 µA 1 COM1 to COM4 — — 0.3 V ID = 2 µA 1 50 300 900 kΩ Between V1 and VSS 2.7 — VCC V V1 2 Notes: 1. These are the voltage drops between the voltage supply pins V1, V2, V3, and Vss, and the segment pins or common pins. 2. When VLCD is supplied from an external source, the following relation must hold: VCC ≥ V1 ≥ V2 ≥ V3 ≥ VSS Table 13-8 AC Characteristics for External Segment Expansion of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Reference Figure Clock high width tCWH CL1, CL2 800 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Clock low width tCWL CL2 800 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Clock setup time tCSU CL1, CL2 500 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Data setup time tSU DO 300 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Data hold time tDH DO 300 — — ns * Figure 13-7 M delay time tDM M –1000 — 1000 ns Figure 13-7 Clock rise and fall times tCT CL1, CL2 — 100 Figure 13-7 — ns Note: * Value when the frame frequency is set to between 30.5 Hz and 488 Hz. 313 13.3 H8/3814S, H8/3813S, H8/3812S Absolute Maximum Ratings Table 13-9 lists the absolute maximum ratings. Table 13-9 Absolute Maximum Ratings Item Symbol Value Unit Power supply voltage VCC –0.3 to +7.0 V Analog power supply voltage AVCC –0.3 to +7.0 V Input voltage Ports other than ports B and C Vin –0.3 to VCC + 0.3 V Ports B and C AVin –0.3 to AVCC + 0.3 V Operating temperature Topr –20 to +75 °C Storage temperature Tstg –55 to +125 °C Note: Permanent damage may occur to the chip if maximum ratings are exceeded. Normal operation should be under the conditions specified in Electrical Characteristics. Exceeding these values can result in incorrect operation and reduced reliability. 314 13.4 H8/3814S, H8/3813S, H8/3812S Electrical Characteristics 13.4.1 Power Supply Voltage and Operating Range The power supply voltage and operating range of the H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S are indicated by the shaded region in the figures below. 1. Power supply voltage vs. oscillator frequency range 32.768 fw (kHz) f OSC (MHz) 10.0 5.0 2.0 2.5 4.0 5.5 VCC (V) 2.5 • Active mode (high speed) • Sleep mode 4.0 • All operating modes 315 5.5 VCC (V) 2. Power supply voltage vs. clock frequency range øSUB (kHz) ø (MHz) 5.0 2.5 16.384 8.192 4.096 0.5 2.5 4.0 5.5 VCC (V) 2.5 • Active mode (high speed) • Sleep mode (except CPU) 4.0 5.5 VCC (V) • Subactive mode • Subsleep mode (except CPU) • Watch mode (except CPU) 625.0 ø (kHz) 500.0 312.5 62.5 2.5 4.0 5.5 VCC (V) • Active mode (medium speed) 3. Analog power supply voltage vs. A/D converter operating range 5.0 625.0 ø (kHz) ø (MHz) 500.0 2.5 0.5 312.5 62.5 2.5 4.0 5.5 AVCC (V) 2.5 • Active (high speed) mode • Sleep mode 4.0 5.5 AVCC (V) • Active (medium speed) mode 316 13.4.2 DC Characteristics Table 13-10 lists the DC characteristics of the H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S. Table 13-10 DC Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Input high voltage VIH RES, MD0, WKP0 to WKP7, IRQ0 to IRQ4, TMIF TMIG, SCK1, SCK3, ADTRG 0.8 VCC — VCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 0.9 VCC — VCC + 0.3 SI1, RXD 0.7 VCC — VCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 0.8 VCC — VCC + 0.3 OSC1 VCC – 0.5 — VCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V VCC – 0.3 — VCC + 0.3 P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P43 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 0.7 VCC — VCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 0.8 VCC — VCC + 0.3 PB0 to PB7 PC0 to PC3 0.7 VCC — AVCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 0.8 VCC — AVCC + 0.3 RES, MD0, WKP0 to WKP7, IRQ0 to IRQ4, TMIF TMIG, SCK1, SCK3, ADTRG –0.3 — 0.2 VCC –0.3 — 0.1 VCC SI1, RXD –0.3 — 0.3 VCC –0.3 — 0.2 VCC OSC1 –0.3 — 0.5 –0.3 — 0.3 Input low voltage VIL Note: Connect pin TEST to VSS. 317 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Note Table 13-10 DC Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (cont) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Input low voltage VIL P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P43 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 PB0 to PB7 PC0 to PC3 –0.3 — 0.3 VCC V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V –0.3 — 0.2 VCC P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P42 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 VCC – 1.0 — — V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V –IOH = 1.0 mA VCC – 0.5 — — VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V –IOH = 0.5 mA VCC – 0.5 — — –IOH = 0.1 mA P10 to P17 P40 to P42 — 0.6 — — 0.5 IOL = 0.4 mA P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 — — 0.5 IOL = 0.4 mA P20 to P27 P30 to P37 — — 1.5 VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V IOL = 10 mA — — 0.6 VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V IOL = 1.6 mA — — 0.5 IOL = 0.4 mA Output VOH high voltage Output VOL low voltage — Note: Connect pin TEST to VSS. 318 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V IOL = 1.6 mA Note Table 13-10 DC Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (cont) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Input leakage current |IIL| RES OSC1, MD0 P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P43 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 — — 1 µA VIN = 0.5 V to VCC – 0.5 V PB0 to PB7 PC0 to PC3 — — 1 P10 to P17 P30 to P37 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 50 — 300 µA VCC = 5 V, VIN = 0 V — 35 — µA VCC = 2.7 V, VIN = 0 V All input pins except power supply pin — — 15 pF f = 1 MHz, VIN = 0 V Ta = 25°C Pull-up MOS current –IP Input CIN capacitance 319 Note VIN = 0.5 V to AVCC – 0.5 V Reference value Table 13-10 DC Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (cont) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Note Active mode current dissipation IOPE1 VCC — 9 13 mA Active mode (high speed), VCC = 5 V, fosc = 10 MHz 1, 2 IOPE2 VCC — 1.7 3 mA Active mode (medium speed), 1, 2 VCC = 5 V, fosc = 10 MHz Sleep mode current dissipation ISLEEP VCC — 4 7 mA VCC = 5 V, fosc = 10 MHz 1, 2 VCC — 30 65 µA VCC = 2.7 V, LCD on, 32-kHz crystal oscillator (øSUB = øw/2) 1, 2 — 22 — µA VCC = 2.7 V, LCD on, 32-kHz crystal oscillator (øSUB = øw/8) Reference value 1, 2 Subactive mode ISUB current dissipation Subsleep mode current dissipation ISUBSP VCC — 20 45 µA VCC = 2.7 V, LCD on, 32-kHz crystal oscillator (øSUB = øw/2) 1, 2 Watch mode current dissipation IWATCH VCC — — 5.5 µA VCC = 2.7 V, LCD not used, 32-kHz crystal oscillator 1, 2 Standby mode current dissipation ISTBY VCC — — 5 µA 32-kHz crystal oscillator not used 1, 2 RAM data VRAM retaining voltage VCC 2 — — V 1, 2 Notes: 1. Pin states during current measurement Other Pins LCD Power Supply Active mode Operates (high and medium speed) VCC Open Sleep mode Only timer operates VCC Open Subactive mode Operates VCC Open Subsleep mode Only timer operates, CPU stops VCC Open Watch mode Only time-base clock operates, CPU stops VCC Open Standby mode CPU and timers all stop VCC Open Mode Internal State 2. Excludes current in pull-up MOS transistors and output buffers. 320 Oscillator Pins System clock oscillator: Crystal Subclock oscillator: Pin X1 = VCC System clock oscillator: Crystal Subclock oscillator: Crystal System clock oscillator: Crystal Subclock oscillator: Pin X1 = VCC Table 13-10 DC Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (cont) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Allowable output low current (per pin) IOL Allowable output low current (total) ΣIOL Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Output pins except in ports 2 and 3 — — 2 mA VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Ports 2 and 3 — — 10 All output pins — — 0.5 Output pins except in ports 2 and 3 — — 40 Ports 2 and 3 — — 80 All output pins — — 20 Allowable output high current (per pin) –IOH All output pins — — 2 — — 0.2 Allowable output high current (total) Σ–IOH All output pins — — 15 — — 10 321 VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V mA VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V mA VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V mA VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 13.4.3 AC Characteristics Table 13-11 lists the control signal timing, and tables 13-12 and 13-13 list the serial interface timing of the H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S. Table 13-11 Control Signal Timing of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins System clock oscillation frequency fOSC OSC1, OSC2 2 2 OSC clock (øOSC) cycle time tOSC System clock (ø) cycle time tcyc Subclock oscillation frequency fW Watch clock (øW) cycle time tW Subclock (øSUB) cycle time tsubcyc Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition — 10 MHz VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V — 5 OSC1, OSC2 100 — 1000 ns 200 — 1000 2 — 16 — — 2000 ns X1, X2 — 32.768 — kHz X1, X2 — 30.5 — µs 2 — 8 tW 2 — — tcyc tsubcyc ms Instruction cycle time Reference Figure VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 1 Figure 13-1 tOSC 1 2 Oscillation stabilization trc time (crystal oscillator) OSC1, OSC2 — — 40 — — 60 — — 100 Oscillation stabilization trc time X1, X2 — — 2 s 40 — — ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-1 80 — — 40 — — ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-1 80 — — — — 15 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-1 — — 20 — — 15 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-1 — — 20 10 — — External clock high width tCPH OSC1 External clock low width tCPL OSC1 External clock rise time tCPr External clock fall time tCPf Pin RES low width tREL RES VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V tcyc Notes: 1. A frequency between 1 MHz to 10 MHz is required when an external clock is input. 2. Selected with SA1 and SA0 of system clock control register 2 (SYSCR2). 322 Figure 13-2 Table 13-11 Control Signal Timing of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (cont) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Applicable Pins Item Symbol Min Typ Input pin high width tIH IRQ0 to IRQ4 2 WKP0 to WKP7 ADTRG TMIF, TMIG Input pin low width tIL IRQ0 to IRQ4 2 WKP0 to WKP7 ADTRG TMIF, TMIG Test Condition Reference Figure Max Unit — — tcyc tsubcyc Figure 13-3 — — tcyc tsubcyc Figure 13-3 Table 13-12 Serial Interface (SCI1) Timing of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Input serial clock cycle time tscyc SCK1 2 — — tcyc Figure 13-4 Input serial clock high width tSCKH SCK1 0.4 — — tscyc Figure 13-4 Input serial clock low width tSCKL SCK1 0.4 — — tscyc Figure 13-4 Input serial clock rise time tSCKr SCK1 — — 60 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 — — 80 Input serial clock fall time tSCKf SCK1 — — 60 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 — — 80 Serial output data delay time tSOD SO1 — — 200 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 — — 350 Serial input data setup time tSIS SI1 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 Serial input data hold time tSIH SI1 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 200 — — 400 — — 200 — — 400 — — 323 Test Condition Reference Figure Table 13-13 Serial Interface (SCI3) Timing of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, unless otherwise specified. Item Typ Max Unit tscyc 4 — — tcyc Figure 13-5 6 — — Input clock pulse width tSCKW 0.4 — 0.6 tscyc Figure 13-5 Transmit data delay time (synchronous mode) tTXD — — 1 tcyc VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-6 — — 1 Receive data setup time (synchronous mode) tRXS 200 — — ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-6 400 — — Receive data hold time (synchronous mode) tRXH 200 — — ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-6 400 — — Input clock cycle Asynchronous Synchronous 324 Test Condition Reference Figure Symbol Min 13.4.4 A/D Converter Characteristics Table 13-14 shows the A/D converter characteristics of the H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S. Table 13-14 A/D Converter Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Note Analog power supply voltage AVCC AVCC 2.5 — 5.5 V 1 Analog input voltage AVIN AN0 to AN11 – 0.3 — AVCC + 0.3 V Analog power supply current AIOPE AVCC — — 1.5 AISTOP1 AVCC — 150 — µA 2 Reference value AISTOP2 AVCC — — 5 µA 3 CAIN AN0 to AN11 — — 30 pF Allowable signal RAIN source impedance — — 10 kΩ Resolution (data length) — — 8 bit Non-linearity error — — ±2.0 LSB AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V Analog input capacitance mA AVCC = 5.0 V — — ±3.0 Quantization error — — ±0.5 LSB Absolute accuracy — — ±2.5 LSB AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V — — ±3.5 Conversion time 12.4 — 124 24.8 — 124 µs AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V Notes: 1. Set AVCC = VCC when the A/D converter is not used. 2. AISTOP1 is the current in active and sleep modes while the A/D converter is idle. 3. AISTOP2 is the current at reset and in standby, watch, subactive, and subsleep modes while the A/D converter is idle. 325 13.4.5 LCD Characteristics Table 13-15 lists the LCD characteristics, and table 13-16 lists the AC characteristics for external segment expansion of the H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S. Table 13-15 LCD Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Segment driver voltage drop VDS Common driver voltage drop VDC LCD power supply voltage divider resistance RLCD LCD power supply voltage VLCD Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Note SEG1 to SEG40 — — 0.6 V ID = 2 µA 1 COM1 to COM4 — — 0.3 V ID = 2 µA 1 100 300 600 kΩ Between V1 and VSS 2.5 — VCC V V1 2 Notes: 1. These are the voltage drops between the voltage supply pins V1, V2, V3, and Vss, and the segment pins or common pins. 2. When VLCD is supplied from an external source, the following relation must hold: VCC ≥ V1 ≥ V2 ≥ V3 ≥ VSS Table 13-16 AC Characteristics for External Segment Expansion of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –20°C to +75°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Reference Figure Clock high width tCWH CL1, CL2 800 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Clock low width tCWL CL2 800 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Clock setup time tCSU CL1, CL2 500 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Data setup time tSU DO 300 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Data hold time tDH DO 300 — — ns * Figure 13-7 M delay time tDM M –1000 — 1000 ns Figure 13-7 Clock rise and fall times tCT CL1, CL2 — 100 Figure 13-7 — ns Note: * Value when the frame frequency is set to between 30.5 Hz and 488 Hz. 326 13.5 H8/3814, H8/3813, H8/3812 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) Table 13-17 lists the absolute maximum ratings. Table 13-17 Absolute Maximum Ratings Item Symbol Value Unit Power supply voltage VCC –0.3 to +7.0 V Analog power supply voltage AVCC –0.3 to +7.0 V Input voltage Ports other than ports B and C Vin –0.3 to VCC + 0.3 V Ports B and C AVin –0.3 to AVCC + 0.3 V Operating temperature Topr –40 to +85 °C Storage temperature Tstg –55 to +125 °C Note: Permanent damage may occur to the chip if maximum ratings are exceeded. Normal operation should be under the conditions specified in Electrical Characteristics. Exceeding these values can result in incorrect operation and reduced reliability. 327 13.6 H8/3814, H8/3813, H8/3812 Electrical Characteristics (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) 13.6.1 Power Supply Voltage and Operating Range The power supply voltage and operating range of the H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (wide temperature range (I-spec) version) are indicated by the shaded region in the figures below. 1. Power supply voltage vs. oscillator frequency range 32.768 fw (kHz) f OSC (MHz) 10.0 5.0 2.0 2.7 4.0 4.5 5.5 VCC (V) 2.7 • Active mode (high speed) • Sleep mode 4.0 4.5 • All operating modes 328 5.5 VCC (V) 2. Power supply voltage vs. clock frequency range øSUB (kHz) ø (MHz) 5.0 2.5 16.384 8.192 4.096 0.5 2.7 4.0 4.5 5.5 VCC (V) 2.7 • Active mode (high speed) • Sleep mode (except CPU) 4.0 4.5 5.5 VCC (V) • Subactive mode • Subsleep mode (except CPU) • Watch mode (except CPU) 625.0 ø (kHz) 500.0 312.5 62.5 2.7 4.0 4.5 5.5 VCC (V) • Active mode (medium speed) 3. Analog power supply voltage vs. A/D converter operating range 5.0 625.0 ø (kHz) ø (MHz) 500.0 2.5 0.5 312.5 62.5 2.7 4.0 4.5 5.5 AVCC (V) 2.7 • Active (high speed) mode • Sleep mode 4.0 4.5 5.5 AVCC (V) • Active (medium speed) mode 329 13.6.2 DC Characteristics Table 13-18 lists the DC characteristics of the H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (wide temperature range (I-spec) version). Table 13-18 DC Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) VCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Input high voltage VIH RES, MD0, WKP0 to WKP7, IRQ0 to IRQ4, TMIF TMIG, SCK1, SCK3, ADTRG 0.8 VCC — VCC + 0.3 V SI1, RXD 0.7 VCC — VCC + 0.3 V OSC1 VCC – 0.5 — VCC + 0.3 V P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P43 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 0.7 VCC — VCC + 0.3 V PB0 to PB7 PC0 to PC3 0.7 VCC — AVCC + 0.3 V RES, MD0, WKP0 to WKP7, IRQ0 to IRQ4, TMIF TMIG, SCK1, SCK3, ADTRG –0.3 — 0.2 VCC V Input low voltage VIL SI1, RXD –0.3 — 0.3 VCC V OSC1 –0.3 — 0.5 V Note: Connect pin TEST to VSS. 330 Test Condition VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Note Table 13-18 DC Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) (cont) VCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Input low voltage VIL P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P43 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 PB0 to PB7 PC0 to PC3 –0.3 — 0.3 VCC V P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P42 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 VCC – 1.0 — — V VCC – 0.5 — — P10 to P17 P40 to P42 — — 0.6 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 — — 0.5 IOL = 0.4 mA P20 to P27 P30 to P37 — — 1.5 IOL = 10 mA — — 0.6 IOL = 1.6 mA Output VOH high voltage Output VOL low voltage Note: Connect pin TEST to VSS. 331 Test Condition –IOH = 1.0 mA –IOH = 0.5 mA V IOL = 1.6 mA Note Table 13-18 DC Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) (cont) VCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Input leakage current |IIL| RES, P43 — — 2 µA VIN = 0.5 V to VCC – 0.5 V OSC1, MD0 P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P42 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 — — 2 µA VIN = 0.5 V to VCC – 0.5 V PB0 to PB7 PC0 to PC3 — — 2 P10 to P17 P30 to P37 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 20 — 330 µA VCC = 5 V, VIN = 0 V All input pins except power supply pin — — 15 pF f = 1 MHz, VIN = 0 V Ta = 25°C Pull-up MOS current –IP Input CIN capacitance 332 VIN = 0.5 V to AVCC – 0.5 V Note Table 13-18 DC Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) (cont) VCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Note Active mode current dissipation IOPE1 VCC — 12 30 mA Active mode (high speed), VCC = 5 V, fosc = 10 MHz 1, 2 IOPE2 VCC — 2.5 6 mA Active mode (medium speed), 1, 2 VCC = 5 V, fosc = 10 MHz ISLEEP VCC — 5 12 mA VCC = 5 V, fosc = 10 MHz 1, 2 VCC — 100 — µA VCC = 5 V, LCD on, 32-kHz crystal oscillator (øSUB = øw/2) Reference value 1, 2 — 70 — µA VCC = 5 V, LCD on, 32-kHz crystal oscillator (øSUB = øw/8) Reference value 1, 2 Sleep mode current dissipation Subactive mode ISUB current dissipation Subsleep mode current dissipation ISUBSP VCC — 60 90 µA VCC = 5 V, LCD on, 32-kHz crystal oscillator (øSUB = øw/2) Reference value 1, 2 Watch mode current dissipation IWATCH VCC — 6 — µA VCC = 5 V, LCD not used, 32-kHz crystal oscillator Reference value 1, 2 Standby mode current dissipation ISTBY VCC — — 10 µA 32-kHz crystal oscillator not used 1, 2 RAM data VRAM retaining voltage VCC 2 — — V 1, 2 Notes: 1. Pin states during current measurement LCD Power Supply Internal State Other Pins Active mode VCC (high and medium speed) Operates VCC Open Sleep mode VCC Only timer operates VCC Open Subactive mode VCC Operates VCC Open Subsleep mode VCC Only timer operates, CPU stops VCC Open Watch mode VCC Only time-base clock operates, CPU stops VCC Open Standby mode VCC CPU and timers all stop VCC Open Mode RES Pin 2. Excludes current in pull-up MOS transistors and output buffers. 333 Oscillator Pins System clock oscillator: Crystal Subclock oscillator: Pin X1 = VCC System clock oscillator: Crystal Subclock oscillator: Crystal System clock oscillator: Crystal Subclock oscillator: Pin X1 = VCC Table 13-18 DC Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) (cont) VCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Allowable output low current (per pin) IOL Allowable output low current (total) ΣIOL Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Output pins except in ports 2 and 3 — — 2 mA Ports 2 and 3 — — 10 Output pins except in ports 2 and 3 — — 40 Ports 2 and 3 — — 80 mA Allowable output high current (per pin) –IOH All output pins — — 2 mA Allowable output high current (total) Σ–IOH All output pins — — 15 mA 334 Test Condition 13.6.3 AC Characteristics Table 13-19 lists the control signal timing, and tables 13-20 and 13-21 list the serial interface timing of the H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (wide temperature range (I-spec) version). Table 13-19 Control Signal Timing of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) VCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins System clock oscillation frequency fOSC OSC1, OSC2 2 OSC clock (øOSC) cycle time tOSC OSC1, OSC2 100 — System clock (ø) cycle time tcyc Subclock oscillation frequency fW Watch clock (øW) cycle time tW Subclock (øSUB) cycle time tsubcyc Min Typ — Max Unit 10 MHz Reference Figure 1000 ns 1 Figure 13-1 1 2 — 16 — — 2000 ns X1, X2 — 32.768 — kHz X1, X2 — 30.5 — µs 2 — 8 tW 2 — — tcyc tsubcyc Instruction cycle time Test Condition tOSC 2 Oscillation stabilization trc time (crystal oscillator) OSC1, OSC2 — — 40 ms Oscillation stabilization trc time X1, X2 — — 2 s External clock high width tCPH OSC1 40 — — ns Figure 13-1 External clock low width tCPL OSC1 40 — — ns Figure 13-1 External clock rise time tCPr — — 15 ns Figure 13-1 External clock fall time tCPf — — 15 ns Figure 13-1 Pin RES low width tREL 10 — — tcyc Figure 13-2 RES Notes: 1. A frequency between 1 MHz to 10 MHz is required when an external clock is input. 2. Selected with SA1 and SA0 of system clock control register 2 (SYSCR2). 335 Table 13-19 Control Signal Timing of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) (cont) VCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Applicable Pins Item Symbol Min Typ Input pin high width tIH IRQ0 to IRQ4 2 WKP0 to WKP7 ADTRG TMIF, TMIG Input pin low width tIL IRQ0 to IRQ4 2 WKP0 to WKP7 ADTRG TMIF, TMIG Test Condition Reference Figure Max Unit — — tcyc tsubcyc Figure 13-3 — — tcyc tsubcyc Figure 13-3 Table 13-20 Serial Interface (SCI1) Timing of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) VCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Input serial clock cycle time tscyc SCK1 2 — — tcyc Figure 13-4 Input serial clock high width tSCKH SCK1 0.4 — — tscyc Figure 13-4 Input serial clock low width tSCKL SCK1 0.4 — — tscyc Figure 13-4 Input serial clock rise time tSCKr SCK1 — — 60 ns Figure 13-4 Input serial clock fall time tSCKf SCK1 — — 60 ns Figure 13-4 Serial output data delay time tSOD SO1 — — 200 ns Figure 13-4 Serial input data setup time tSIS SI1 200 — — ns Figure 13-4 Serial input data hold time tSIH SI1 200 — — ns Figure 13-4 336 Test Condition Reference Figure Table 13-21 Serial Interface (SCI3) Timing of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) VCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise specified. Item Input clock cycle Asynchronous Symbol Min Typ Max Unit tscyc 4 — — tcyc 6 — — Synchronous Test Condition Reference Figure Figure 13-5 Input clock pulse width tSCKW 0.4 — 0.6 tscyc Figure 13-5 Transmit data delay time (synchronous mode) tTXD — — 1 tcyc Figure 13-6 Receive data setup time (synchronous mode) tRXS 200 — — ns Figure 13-6 Receive data hold time (synchronous mode) tRXH 200 — — ns Figure 13-6 337 13.6.4 A/D Converter Characteristics Table 13-22 shows the A/D converter characteristics of the H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (wide temperature range (I-spec) version). Table 13-22 A/D Converter Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) VCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, AVSS = VSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Note Analog power supply voltage AVCC AVCC 4.5 — 5.5 V 1 Analog input voltage AVIN AN0 to AN11 –0.3 — AVCC + 0.3 V Analog power supply current AIOPE AVCC — — 1.7 AISTOP1 AVCC — 150 — µA 2 Reference value AISTOP2 AVCC — — 7 µA 3 CAIN AN0 to AN11 — — 30 pF Allowable signal RAIN source impedance — — 10 kΩ Resolution (data length) — — 8 bit Non-linearity error — — ±2.0 LSB Quantization error — — ±0.5 LSB Absolute accuracy — — ±2.5 LSB Conversion time 12.4 — 124 µs Analog input capacitance mA AVCC = 5.0 V Notes: 1. Set AVCC = VCC when the A/D converter is not used. 2. AISTOP1 is the current in active and sleep modes while the A/D converter is idle. 3. AISTOP2 is the current at reset and in standby, watch, subactive, and subsleep modes while the A/D converter is idle. 338 13.6.5 LCD Characteristics Table 13-23 lists the LCD characteristics, and table 13-24 lists the AC characteristics for external segment expansion of the H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (wide temperature range (I-spec) version). Table 13-23 LCD Characteristics of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) VCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Segment driver voltage drop VDS Common driver voltage drop VDC LCD power supply voltage divider resistance RLCD LCD power supply voltage VLCD Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Note SEG1 to SEG40 — — 0.6 V ID = 2 µA 1 COM1 to COM4 — — 0.3 V ID = 2 µA 1 40 300 1000 kΩ 4.5 — VCC V1 Between V1 and VSS V 2 Notes: 1. These are the voltage drops between the voltage supply pins V1, V2, V3, and Vss, and the segment pins or common pins. 2. When VLCD is supplied from an external source, the following relation must hold: VCC ≥ V1 ≥ V2 ≥ V3 ≥ VSS Table 13-24 AC Characteristics for External Segment Expansion of H8/3814, H8/3813, and H8/3812 (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) VCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Reference Figure Clock high width tCWH CL1, CL2 800 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Clock low width tCWL CL2 800 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Clock setup time tCSU CL1, CL2 500 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Data setup time tSU DO 300 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Data hold time tDH DO 300 — — ns * M delay time tDM M –1000 — 1000 ns Figure 13-7 Clock rise and fall times tCT CL1, CL2 — 100 Figure 13-7 — ns Note: * Value when the frame frequency is set to between 30.5 Hz and 488 Hz. 339 Figure 13-7 13.7 H8/3814S, H8/3813S, H8/3812S Absolute Maximum Ratings (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) Table 13-25 lists the absolute maximum ratings. Table 13-25 Absolute Maximum Ratings Item Symbol Value Unit Power supply voltage VCC –0.3 to +7.0 V Analog power supply voltage AVCC –0.3 to +7.0 V Input voltage Ports other than ports B and C Vin –0.3 to VCC + 0.3 V Ports B and C AVin –0.3 to AVCC + 0.3 V Operating temperature Topr –40 to +85 °C Storage temperature Tstg –55 to +125 °C Note: Permanent damage may occur to the chip if maximum ratings are exceeded. Normal operation should be under the conditions specified in Electrical Characteristics. Exceeding these values can result in incorrect operation and reduced reliability. 340 13.8 H8/3814S, H8/3813S, H8/3812S Electrical Characteristics (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) 13.8.1 Power Supply Voltage and Operating Range The power supply voltage and operating range of the H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (wide temperature range (I-spec) version) are indicated by the shaded region in the figures below. Power supply voltage vs. oscillator frequency range 10.0 32.768 fw (kHz) f OSC (MHz) 1. 5.0 2.0 2.5 4.0 5.5 VCC (V) 2.5 • Active mode (high speed) • Sleep mode 4.0 • All operating modes 341 5.5 VCC (V) 2. Power supply voltage vs. clock frequency range øSUB (kHz) ø (MHz) 5.0 2.5 16.384 8.192 4.096 0.5 2.5 4.0 5.5 VCC (V) 2.5 • Active mode (high speed) • Sleep mode (except CPU) 4.0 5.5 VCC (V) • Subactive mode • Subsleep mode (except CPU) • Watch mode (except CPU) 625.0 ø (kHz) 500.0 312.5 62.5 2.5 4.0 5.5 VCC (V) • Active mode (medium speed) 3. Analog power supply voltage vs. A/D converter operating range 5.0 625.0 ø (kHz) ø (MHz) 500.0 2.5 0.5 312.5 62.5 2.5 4.0 AVCC 5.5 (V) 2.5 • Active (high speed) mode • Sleep mode 4.0 5.5 AVCC (V) • Active (medium speed) mode 342 13.8.2 DC Characteristics Table 13-26 lists the DC characteristics of the H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (wide temperature range (I-spec) version). Table 13-26 DC Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Input high voltage VIH RES, MD0, WKP0 to WKP7, IRQ0 to IRQ4, TMIF TMIG, SCK1, SCK3, ADTRG 0.8 VCC — VCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 0.9 VCC — VCC + 0.3 0.7 VCC — VCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 0.8 VCC — VCC + 0.3 VCC – 0.5 — VCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V VCC – 0.3 — VCC + 0.3 P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P43 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 0.7 VCC — VCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 0.8 VCC — VCC + 0.3 PB0 to PB7 PC0 to PC3 0.7 VCC — AVCC + 0.3 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 0.8 VCC — AVCC + 0.3 RES, MD0, WKP0 to WKP7, IRQ0 to IRQ4, TMIF TMIG, SCK1, SCK3, ADTRG –0.3 — 0.2 VCC –0.3 — 0.1 VCC SI1, RXD OSC1 Input low voltage VIL SI1, RXD OSC1 –0.3 — 0.3 VCC –0.3 — 0.2 VCC –0.3 — 0.5 –0.3 — 0.3 Note: Connect pin TEST to VSS. 343 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Note Table 13-26 DC Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) (cont) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Input low voltage VIL P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P43 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 PB0 to PB7 PC0 to PC3 –0.3 — 0.3 VCC V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V –0.3 — 0.2 VCC P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P42 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 VCC – 1.0 — — V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V –IOH = 1.0 mA VCC – 0.5 — — VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V –IOH = 0.5 mA VCC – 0.5 — — –IOH = 0.1 mA P10 to P17 P40 to P42 — 0.6 — — 0.5 IOL = 0.4 mA P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 — — 0.5 IOL = 0.4 mA P20 to P27 P30 to P37 — — 1.5 VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V IOL = 10 mA — — 0.6 VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V IOL = 1.6 mA — — 0.5 IOL = 0.4 mA Output VOH high voltage Output VOL low voltage — Note: Connect pin TEST to VSS. 344 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V IOL = 1.6 mA Note Table 13-26 DC Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) (cont) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Input leakage current |IIL| RES, OSC1, MD0, P10 to P17 P20 to P27 P30 to P37 P40 to P43 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 P70 to P77 P80 to P87 P90 to P97 PA0 to PA3 — — 1 µA VIN = 0.5 V to VCC – 0.5 V PB0 to PB7 PC0 to PC3 — — 1 P10 to P17 P30 to P37 P50 to P57 P60 to P67 50 — 300 µA VCC = 5 V, VIN = 0 V — 35 — µA VCC = 2.7 V, VIN = 0 V All input pins except power supply pin — — 15 pF f = 1 MHz, VIN = 0 V Ta = 25°C Pull-up MOS current –IP Input CIN capacitance 345 Note VIN = 0.5 V to AVCC – 0.5 V Reference value Table 13-26 DC Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) (cont) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Note Active mode current dissipation IOPE1 VCC — 9 13 mA Active mode (high speed), VCC = 5 V, fosc = 10 MHz 1, 2 IOPE2 VCC — 1.7 3 mA Active mode (medium speed), 1, 2 VCC = 5 V, fosc = 10 MHz Sleep mode current dissipation ISLEEP VCC — 4 7 mA VCC = 5 V, fosc = 10 MHz 1, 2 VCC — 30 65 µA VCC = 2.7 V, LCD on, 32-kHz crystal oscillator (øSUB = øw/2) 1, 2 — 22 — µA VCC = 2.7 V, LCD on, 32-kHz crystal oscillator (øSUB = øw/8) Reference value 1, 2 Subactive mode ISUB current dissipation Subsleep mode current dissipation ISUBSP VCC — 20 45 µA VCC = 2.7 V, LCD on, 32-kHz crystal oscillator (øSUB = øw/2) 1, 2 Watch mode current dissipation IWATCH VCC — — 5.5 µA VCC = 2.7 V, LCD not used, 32-kHz crystal oscillator 1, 2 Standby mode current dissipation ISTBY VCC — — 5 µA 32-kHz crystal oscillator not used 1, 2 RAM data VRAM retaining voltage VCC 2 — — V 1, 2 Notes: 1. Pin states during current measurement Other Pins LCD Power Supply Active mode Operates (high and medium speed) VCC Open Sleep mode Only timer operates VCC Open Subactive mode Operates VCC Open Subsleep mode Only timer operates, CPU stops VCC Open Watch mode Only time-base clock operates, CPU stops VCC Open Standby mode CPU and timers all stop VCC Open Mode Internal State 2. Excludes current in pull-up MOS transistors and output buffers. 346 Oscillator Pins System clock oscillator: Crystal Subclock oscillator: Pin X1 = VCC System clock oscillator: Crystal Subclock oscillator: Crystal System clock oscillator: Crystal Subclock oscillator: Pin X1 = VCC Table 13-26 DC Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) (cont) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise indicated. Item Symbol Allowable output low current (per pin) IOL Allowable output low current (total) ΣIOL Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Output pins except in ports 2 and 3 — — 2 mA VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Ports 2 and 3 — — 10 All output pins — — 0.5 Output pins except in ports 2 and 3 — — 40 Ports 2 and 3 — — 80 All output pins — — 20 Allowable output high current (per pin) –IOH All output pins — — 2 — — 0.2 Allowable output high current (total) Σ–IOH All output pins — — 15 — — 10 347 VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V mA VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V mA VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V mA VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 13.8.3 AC Characteristics Table 13-27 lists the control signal timing, and tables 13-28 and 13-29 list the serial interface timing of the H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (wide temperature range (I-spec) version). Table 13-27 Control Signal Timing of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins System clock oscillation frequency fOSC OSC1, OSC2 2 — 2 — OSC clock (øOSC) cycle time tOSC OSC1, OSC2 100 — System clock (ø) cycle time tcyc Subclock oscillation frequency fW X1, X2 Watch clock (øW) cycle time tW X1, X2 Subclock (øSUB) cycle time tsubcyc Oscillation stabilization trc time External clock high width tCPH External clock low width tCPL Pin RES low width Test Condition 10 MHz VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Reference Figure 5 1000 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V 1 1000 — 16 — — 2000 ns — 32.768 — kHz — 30.5 — µs 2 — 8 tW 2 — — tcyc tsubcyc OSC1, OSC2 — — 40 ms — — 60 — — 100 X1, X2 — — 2 s OSC1 40 — — ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-1 80 — — 40 — — ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-1 80 — — — — 15 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-1 — — 20 — — 15 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-1 — — 20 10 — — OSC1 tCPf tREL Unit 2 External clock rise time tCPr External clock fall time Max 200 — Instruction cycle time Oscillation stabilization trc time (crystal oscillator) Min Typ RES Figure 13-1 tOSC 1 2 VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V tcyc Notes: 1. A frequency between 1 MHz to 10 MHz is required when an external clock is input. 2. Selected with SA1 and SA0 of system clock control register 2 (SYSCR2). 348 Figure 13-2 Table 13-27 Control Signal Timing of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) (cont) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Applicable Pins Item Symbol Min Typ Input pin high width tIH IRQ0 to IRQ4 2 WKP0 to WKP7 ADTRG TMIF, TMIG Input pin low width tIL IRQ0 to IRQ4 2 WKP0 to WKP7 ADTRG TMIF, TMIG Test Condition Reference Figure Max Unit — — tcyc tsubcyc Figure 13-3 — — tcyc tsubcyc Figure 13-3 Table 13-28 Serial Interface (SCI1) Timing of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Input serial clock cycle time tscyc SCK1 2 — — tcyc Figure 13-4 Input serial clock high width tSCKH SCK1 0.4 — — tscyc Figure 13-4 Input serial clock low width tSCKL SCK1 0.4 — — tscyc Figure 13-4 Input serial clock rise time tSCKr SCK1 ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 Input serial clock fall time tSCKf ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 Serial output data delay time tSOD ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 Serial input data setup time tSIS ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 Serial input data hold time tSIH ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-4 SCK1 SO1 SI1 SI1 — — 60 — — 80 — — 60 — — 80 — — 200 — — 350 200 — — 400 — — 200 — — 400 — — 349 Test Condition Reference Figure Table 13-29 Serial Interface (SCI3) Timing of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise specified. Item Typ Max Unit tscyc 4 — — tcyc Figure 13-5 6 — — Input clock pulse width tSCKW 0.4 — 0.6 tscyc Figure 13-5 Transmit data delay time (synchronous mode) tTXD — — 1 tcyc VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-6 — — 1 Receive data setup time (synchronous mode) tRXS 200 — — ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-6 400 — — Receive data hold time (synchronous mode) tRXH 200 — — ns VCC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V Figure 13-6 400 — — Input clock cycle Asynchronous Synchronous 350 Test Condition Reference Figure Symbol Min 13.8.4 A/D Converter Characteristics Table 13-30 shows the A/D converter characteristics of the H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (wide temperature range (I-spec) version). Table 13-30 A/D Converter Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Note Analog power supply voltage AVCC AVCC 2.5 — 5.5 V 1 Analog input voltage AVIN AN0 to AN11 – 0.3 — AVCC + 0.3 V Analog power supply current AIOPE AVCC — — 1.5 AISTOP1 AVCC — 150 — µA 2 Reference value AISTOP2 AVCC — — 5 µA 3 CAIN AN0 to AN11 — — 30 pF Allowable signal RAIN source impedance — — 10 kΩ Resolution (data length) — — 8 bit LSB AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V Analog input capacitance Non-linearity error Quantization error Absolute accuracy Conversion time mA AVCC = 5.0 V — — ±2.0 — — ±3.0 — — ±0.5 LSB LSB AVCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V — — ±2.5 — — ±3.5 12.4 — 124 24.8 — 124 µs AVCC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V Notes: 1. Set AVCC = VCC when the A/D converter is not used. 2. AISTOP1 is the current in active and sleep modes while the A/D converter is idle. 3. AISTOP2 is the current at reset and in standby, watch, subactive, and subsleep modes while the A/D converter is idle. 351 13.8.5 LCD Characteristics Table 13-31 lists the LCD characteristics, and table 13-32 lists the AC characteristics for external segment expansion of the H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (wide temperature range (I-spec) version). Table 13-31 LCD Characteristics of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S (Wide Temperature Range (I-Spec) Version) VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Applicable Pins Item Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Note Segment driver voltage drop VDS SEG1 to SEG40 — — 0.6 V ID = 2 µA 1 Common driver voltage drop VDC COM1 to COM4 — — 0.3 V ID = 2 µA 1 LCD power supply voltage divider resistance RLCD 100 300 600 kΩ Between V1 and VSS LCD power supply voltage VLCD 2.5 — VCC V V1 2 Notes: 1. These are the voltage drops between the voltage supply pins V1, V2, V3, and Vss, and the segment pins or common pins. 2. When VLCD is supplied from an external source, the following relation must hold: VCC ≥ V1 ≥ V2 ≥ V3 ≥ VSS Table 13-32 AC Characteristics for External Segment Expansion of H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S VCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, AVCC = 2.5 V to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0.0 V, Ta = –40°C to +85°C, including subactive mode, unless otherwise specified. Item Symbol Applicable Pins Min Typ Max Unit Test Condition Reference Figure Clock high width tCWH CL1, CL2 800 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Clock low width tCWL CL2 800 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Clock setup time tCSU CL1, CL2 500 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Data setup time tSU DO 300 — — ns * Figure 13-7 Data hold time tDH DO 300 — — ns * M delay time tDM M –1000 — 1000 ns Figure 13-7 Clock rise and fall times tCT CL1, CL2 — 100 Figure 13-7 — ns Note: * Value when the frame frequency is set to between 30.5 Hz and 488 Hz. 352 Figure 13-7 13.9 Operation Timing Figures 13-1 to 13-7 show timing diagrams. t OSC VIH OSC 1 VIL t CPH t CPL t CPr t CPf Figure 13-1 System Clock Input Timing RES VIL tREL Figure 13-2 RES Low Width IRQ0 to IRQ 4 WKP0 to WKP7 ADTRG TMIF, TMIG VIH VIL t IL t IH Figure 13-3 Input Timing 353 t scyc V IH or V OH* SCK 1 V IL or V OL * t SCKL t SCKH t SCKf t SCKr t SOD VOH* SO 1 VOL * t SIS t SIH SI 1 Notes: * Output timing reference levels Output high: VOH = 1.8 V (VCC= 2.5 V to 5.5 V)/2.0 V (VCC= 2.7 V to 5.5 V) Output low: VOL = 0.8 V Load conditions are shown in figure 13-8. Figure 13-4 Serial Interface 1 Input/Output Timing 354 t SCKW SCK 3 t scyc Figure 13-5 SCK3 Input Clock Timing t scyc SCK 3 V IH or V OH* V IL or V OL * t TXD TXD (transmit data) VOH* VOL * t RXS t RXH TXD (receive data) Notes: * Output timing reference levels Output high: VOH= 1.8 V (VCC= 2.5 V to 5.5 V)/2.0 V (VCC= 2.7 V to 5.5 V) Output low: VOL = 0.8 V Load conditions are shown in figure 13-8. Figure 13-6 Input/Output Timing of Serial Interface 3 in Synchronous Mode 355 t CT CL 1 t CWH VCC – 0.5 V 0.4 V t CWH t CSU VCC – 0.5 V 0.4 V t CWL CL 2 t CSU t CT VCC – 0.5 V 0.4 V DO t SU M t DH 0.4 V t DM Figure 13-7 Segment Expansion Signal Timing 356 13.10 Output Load Circuit VCC 2.4 kΩ Output pin 12 k Ω 30 pF Figure 13-8 Output Load Condition 357 Appendix A CPU Instruction Set A.1 Instructions Operation Notation Rd8/16 General register (destination) (8 or 16 bits) Rs8/16 General register (source) (8 or 16 bits) Rn8/16 General register (8 or 16 bits) CCR Condition code register N N (negative) flag in CCR Z Z (zero) flag in CCR V V (overflow) flag in CCR C C (carry) flag in CCR PC Program counter SP Stack pointer #xx: 3/8/16 Immediate data (3, 8, or 16 bits) d: 8/16 Displacement (8 or 16 bits) @aa: 8/16 Absolute address (8 or 16 bits) + Addition – Subtraction × Multiplication ÷ Division ∧ Logical AND ∨ Logical OR ⊕ Exclusive logical OR → — Move Logical complement Condition Code Notation Symbol ↕ Modified according to the instruction result * Not fixed (value not guaranteed) 0 Always cleared to 0 — Not affected by the instruction execution result 359 Table A-1 lists the H8/300L CPU instruction set. Table A-1 Instruction Set B #xx:8 → Rd8 B Rs8 → Rd8 2 Condition Code I H N Z V C No. of States Implied @@aa @(d:8, PC) @aa: 8/16 @–Rn/@Rn+ @(d:16, Rn) @Rn 2 MOV.B #xx:8, Rd MOV.B Rs, Rd Rn Operation #xx: 8/16 Mnemonic Operand Size Addressing Mode/ Instruction Length (bytes) — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 2 MOV.B @Rs, Rd B @Rs16 → Rd8 MOV.B @(d:16, Rs), Rd B @(d:16, Rs16)→ Rd8 MOV.B @Rs+, Rd B @Rs16 → Rd8 Rs16+1 → Rs16 MOV.B @aa:8, Rd B @aa:8 → Rd8 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 4 MOV.B @aa:16, Rd B @aa:16 → Rd8 4 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 MOV.B Rs, @Rd B Rs8 → @Rd16 MOV.B Rs, @(d:16, Rd) B Rs8 → @(d:16, Rd16) MOV.B Rs, @–Rd B Rd16–1 → Rd16 Rs8 → @Rd16 2 4 2 2 4 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 4 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 4 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 MOV.B Rs, @aa:8 B Rs8 → @aa:8 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 4 MOV.B Rs, @aa:16 B Rs8 → @aa:16 4 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 MOV.W #xx:16, Rd W #xx:16 → Rd MOV.W Rs, Rd W Rs16 → Rd16 MOV.W @Rs, Rd W @Rs16 → Rd16 4 2 2 MOV.W @(d:16, Rs), Rd W @(d:16, Rs16) → Rd16 MOV.W @Rs+, Rd 4 W @Rs16 → Rd16 Rs16+2 → Rs16 MOV.W @aa:16, Rd W @aa:16 → Rd16 MOV.W Rs, @Rd W Rs16 → @Rd16 2 4 2 MOV.W Rs, @(d:16, Rd) W Rs16 → @(d:16, Rd16) MOV.W Rs, @–Rd W Rd16–2 → Rd16 Rs16 → @Rd16 MOV.W Rs, @aa:16 W Rs16 → @aa:16 POP Rd W @SP → Rd16 SP+2 → SP PUSH Rs W SP–2 → SP Rs16 → @SP ↕ 0 — 4 ↕ 0 — 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 4 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 4 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 6 4 2 4 360 — — ↕ — — ↕ Table A-1 Instruction Set (cont) EEPMOV ADD.B #xx:8, Rd B Rd8+#xx:8 → Rd8 B Rd8+Rs8 → Rd8 ADD.W Rs, Rd W Rd16+Rs16 → Rd16 ADDX.B #xx:8, Rd B Rd8+#xx:8 +C → Rd8 I H N Z V C No. of States Implied @@aa @(d:8, PC) @aa: 8/16 @–Rn/@Rn+ @(d:16, Rn) Condition Code 4 — — — — — — ➃ — if R4L≠0 then Repeat @R5 → @R6 R5+1 → R5 R6+1 → R6 R4L–1 → R4L Until R4L=0 else next; ADD.B Rs, Rd @Rn Operation Rn #xx: 8/16 Mnemonic Operand Size Addressing Mode/ Instruction Length (bytes) — ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ 2 2 — ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ 2 2 — ➀ ↕ ↕ 2 2 ↕ ↕ 2 — ↕ ↕ ➁ ↕ ↕ 2 ↕ ➁ ↕ ↕ 2 ADDX.B Rs, Rd B Rd8+Rs8 +C → Rd8 2 — ↕ ADDS.W #1, Rd W Rd16+1 → Rd16 2 — — — — — — 2 ADDS.W #2, Rd W Rd16+2 → Rd16 2 — — — — — — 2 INC.B Rd B Rd8+1 → Rd8 2 — — ↕ DAA.B Rd B Rd8 decimal adjust → Rd8 2 — * SUB.B Rs, Rd B Rd8–Rs8 → Rd8 2 — ↕ SUB.W Rs, Rd W Rd16–Rs16 → Rd16 — ➀ ↕ SUBX.B #xx:8, Rd B Rd8–#xx:8 –C → Rd8 2 2 ↕ ↕ — 2 ↕ ↕ * ➂ 2 ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ 2 ↕ ↕ 2 — ↕ ↕ ➁ ↕ ↕ 2 ↕ ➁ ↕ ↕ 2 SUBX.B Rs, Rd B Rd8–Rs8 –C → Rd8 2 — ↕ SUBS.W #1, Rd W Rd16–1 → Rd16 2 — — — — — — 2 SUBS.W #2, Rd W Rd16–2 → Rd16 2 — — — — — — 2 DEC.B Rd B Rd8–1 → Rd8 2 — — ↕ ↕ ↕ — 2 DAS.B Rd B Rd8 decimal adjust → Rd8 2 — * ↕ ↕ * — 2 NEG.B Rd B 0–Rd → Rd 2 — ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ 2 CMP.B #xx:8, Rd B Rd8–#xx:8 — ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ 2 CMP.B Rs, Rd B Rd8–Rs8 2 — ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ 2 CMP.W Rs, Rd W Rd16–Rs16 2 — ➀ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ 2 2 361 Table A-1 Instruction Set (cont) B Rd8∧#xx:8 → Rd8 AND.B Rs, Rd B Rd8∧Rs8 → Rd8 OR.B #xx:8, Rd B Rd8∨#xx:8 → Rd8 OR.B Rs, Rd B Rd8∨Rs8 → Rd8 XOR.B #xx:8, Rd B Rd8⊕#xx:8 → Rd8 Condition Code I H N Z V C — — ↕ 2 2 2 2 2 No. of States AND.B #xx:8, Rd Implied — — ➄ ➅ — — 14 @@aa 2 @(d:8, PC) B Rd16÷Rs8 → Rd16 (RdH: remainder, RdL: quotient) @aa: 8/16 DIVXU.B Rs, Rd @–Rn/@Rn+ — — — — — — 14 @(d:16, Rn) 2 Operation @Rn B Rd8 × Rs8 → Rd16 Rn MULXU.B Rs, Rd #xx: 8/16 Mnemonic Operand Size Addressing Mode/ Instruction Length (bytes) ↕ 0 — 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 2 XOR.B Rs, Rd B Rd8⊕Rs8 → Rd8 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 2 NOT.B Rd B Rd → Rd 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 — 2 SHAL.B Rd B 2 — — ↕ ↕ 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 ↕ 2 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 ↕ 2 2 — — 0 ↕ 0 ↕ 2 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 ↕ 2 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 ↕ 2 C 0 b7 SHAR.B Rd SHLL.B Rd B C b0 C 0 b7 SHLR.B Rd B B b0 0 C b7 ROTXL.B Rd b0 C b7 ROTXR.B Rd b0 B b7 ↕ 2 b0 B b7 ↕ b0 C 362 Table A-1 Instruction Set (cont) Condition Code I H N Z V C No. of States Implied @@aa @(d:8, PC) @aa: 8/16 @–Rn/@Rn+ @(d:16, Rn) Operation @Rn B Rn ROTL.B Rd #xx: 8/16 Mnemonic Operand Size Addressing Mode/ Instruction Length (bytes) 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 ↕ 2 2 — — ↕ ↕ 0 ↕ 2 2 — — — — — — 2 C b7 ROTR.B Rd b0 B C b7 BSET #xx:3, Rd b0 B (#xx:3 of Rd8) ← 1 BSET #xx:3, @Rd B (#xx:3 of @Rd16) ← 1 BSET #xx:3, @aa:8 B (#xx:3 of @aa:8) ← 1 BSET Rn, Rd B (Rn8 of Rd8) ← 1 BSET Rn, @Rd B (Rn8 of @Rd16) ← 1 BSET Rn, @aa:8 B (Rn8 of @aa:8) ← 1 BCLR #xx:3, Rd B (#xx:3 of Rd8) ← 0 BCLR #xx:3, @Rd B (#xx:3 of @Rd16) ← 0 BCLR #xx:3, @aa:8 B (#xx:3 of @aa:8) ← 0 BCLR Rn, Rd B (Rn8 of Rd8) ← 0 BCLR Rn, @Rd B (Rn8 of @Rd16) ← 0 BCLR Rn, @aa:8 B (Rn8 of @aa:8) ← 0 BNOT #xx:3, Rd B (#xx:3 of Rd8) ← (#xx:3 of Rd8) BNOT #xx:3, @Rd B (#xx:3 of @Rd16) ← (#xx:3 of @Rd16) BNOT #xx:3, @aa:8 B (#xx:3 of @aa:8) ← (#xx:3 of @aa:8) BNOT Rn, Rd B (Rn8 of Rd8) ← (Rn8 of Rd8) BNOT Rn, @Rd B (Rn8 of @Rd16) ← (Rn8 of @Rd16) BNOT Rn, @aa:8 B (Rn8 of @aa:8) ← (Rn8 of @aa:8) 4 — — — — — — 8 4 2 — — — — — — 2 4 — — — — — — 8 4 2 — — — — — — 8 — — — — — — 2 4 — — — — — — 8 4 2 — — — — — — 8 — — — — — — 2 4 — — — — — — 8 4 2 — — — — — — 8 — — — — — — 2 4 — — — — — — 8 4 2 — — — — — — 8 — — — — — — 2 4 — — — — — — 8 4 363 — — — — — — 8 — — — — — — 8 Table A-1 Instruction Set (cont) BTST Rn, @aa:8 B (Rn8 of @aa:8) → Z BLD #xx:3, Rd B (#xx:3 of Rd8) → C 4 — — — — — ↕ 6 4 4 BILD #xx:3, Rd B (#xx:3 of Rd8) → C B (#xx:3 of @Rd16) → C BILD #xx:3, @aa:8 B (#xx:3 of @aa:8) → C B C → (#xx:3 of Rd8) BST #xx:3, @Rd B C → (#xx:3 of @Rd16) BST #xx:3, @aa:8 B C → (#xx:3 of @aa:8) BIST #xx:3, Rd B C → (#xx:3 of Rd8) BIST #xx:3, @Rd B C → (#xx:3 of @Rd16) — — — — — ↕ 6 4 4 2 4 — — — — — — 8 2 B C → (#xx:3 of @aa:8) BAND #xx:3, Rd B C∧(#xx:3 of Rd8) → C BAND #xx:3, @Rd B C∧(#xx:3 of @Rd16) → C BAND #xx:3, @aa:8 B C∧(#xx:3 of @aa:8) → C — — — — — — 8 4 BIAND #xx:3, Rd B C∧(#xx:3 of Rd8) → C B C∧(#xx:3 of @Rd16) → C BIAND #xx:3, @aa:8 B C∧(#xx:3 of @aa:8) → C B C∨(#xx:3 of Rd8) → C — — — — — ↕ 6 4 4 BOR #xx:3, @Rd B C∨(#xx:3 of @Rd16) → C B C∨(#xx:3 of @aa:8) → C BIOR #xx:3, Rd B C∨(#xx:3 of Rd8) → C BIOR #xx:3, @Rd B C∨(#xx:3 of @Rd16) → C — — — — — ↕ 6 4 — — — — — ↕ 6 — — — — — ↕ 2 — — — — — ↕ 6 4 4 — — — — — ↕ 6 — — — — — ↕ 2 2 364 — — — — — ↕ 6 — — — — — ↕ 2 4 2 BOR #xx:3, @aa:8 — — — — — — 8 — — — — — ↕ 2 2 BOR #xx:3, Rd — — — — — — 8 — — — — — — 2 4 2 BIAND #xx:3, @Rd — — — — — ↕ 6 — — — — — — 2 4 BIST #xx:3, @aa:8 — — — — — ↕ 6 — — — — — ↕ 2 2 BST #xx:3, Rd — — — ↕ — — 6 — — — — — ↕ 2 2 BILD #xx:3, @Rd No. of States — — — ↕ — — 6 4 B (#xx:3 of @Rd16) → C — — — ↕ — — 6 — — — ↕ — — 2 2 B (#xx:3 of @aa:8) → C I H N Z V C — — — ↕ — — 6 4 4 BLD #xx:3, @Rd Condition Code — — — ↕ — — 2 2 BLD #xx:3, @aa:8 Implied B (Rn8 of @Rd16) → Z @@aa B (Rn8 of Rd8) → Z BTST Rn, @Rd @(d:8, PC) BTST Rn, Rd @aa: 8/16 B (#xx:3 of @aa:8) → Z @–Rn/@Rn+ B (#xx:3 of @Rd16) → Z BTST #xx:3, @aa:8 @(d:16, Rn) BTST #xx:3, @Rd Operation @Rn B (#xx:3 of Rd8) → Z Rn BTST #xx:3, Rd #xx: 8/16 Mnemonic Operand Size Addressing Mode/ Instruction Length (bytes) 4 — — — — — ↕ 6 Table A-1 Instruction Set (cont) BXOR #xx:3, Rd B C⊕(#xx:3 of Rd8) → C BXOR #xx:3, @Rd B C⊕(#xx:3 of @Rd16) → C BXOR #xx:3, @aa:8 B C⊕(#xx:3 of @aa:8) → C BIXOR #xx:3, Rd B C⊕(#xx:3 of Rd8) → C Condition Code I H N Z V C No. of States Implied @@aa @(d:8, PC) @aa: 8/16 @–Rn/@Rn+ @(d:16, Rn) Operation @Rn B C∨(#xx:3 of @aa:8) → C Rn BIOR #xx:3, @aa:8 Branching Condition #xx: 8/16 Mnemonic Operand Size Addressing Mode/ Instruction Length (bytes) — — — — — ↕ 6 4 — — — — — ↕ 2 2 — — — — — ↕ 6 4 — — — — — ↕ 6 4 — — — — — ↕ 2 2 BIXOR #xx:3, @Rd B C⊕(#xx:3 of @Rd16) → C BIXOR #xx:3, @aa:8 B C⊕(#xx:3 of @aa:8) → C BRA d:8 (BT d:8) — PC ← PC+d:8 2 — — — — — — 4 BRN d:8 (BF d:8) — PC ← PC+2 2 — — — — — — 4 — — — — — ↕ 6 4 — — — — — ↕ 6 4 C∨Z=0 2 — — — — — — 4 C∨Z=1 2 — — — — — — 4 C=0 2 — — — — — — 4 C=1 2 — — — — — — 4 Z=0 2 — — — — — — 4 Z=1 2 — — — — — — 4 BEQ d:8 — If condition is true — then — PC ← PC+d:8 — else next; — BVC d:8 — V=0 2 — — — — — — 4 BVS d:8 — V=1 2 — — — — — — 4 BPL d:8 — N=0 2 — — — — — — 4 BMI d:8 — N=1 2 — — — — — — 4 BHI d:8 BLS d:8 BCC d:8 (BHS d:8) BCS d:8 (BLO d:8) BNE d:8 — BGE d:8 — N⊕V = 0 2 — — — — — — 4 BLT d:8 — N⊕V = 1 2 — — — — — — 4 BGT d:8 — Z ∨ (N⊕V) = 0 2 — — — — — — 4 BLE d:8 — Z ∨ (N⊕V) = 1 2 — — — — — — 4 JMP @Rn — PC ← Rn16 JMP @aa:16 — PC ← aa:16 JMP @@aa:8 — PC ← @aa:8 BSR d:8 — SP–2 → SP PC → @SP PC ← PC+d:8 2 — — — — — — 4 4 — — — — — — 6 2 2 365 — — — — — — 8 — — — — — — 6 Table A-1 Instruction Set (cont) — SP–2 → SP PC → @SP PC ← Rn16 JSR @aa:16 — SP–2 → SP PC → @SP PC ← aa:16 2 I H N Z V C No. of States Condition Code — — — — — — 6 4 SP–2 → SP PC → @SP PC ← @aa:8 Implied @@aa @(d:8, PC) @aa: 8/16 @–Rn/@Rn+ @(d:16, Rn) @Rn Rn Operation JSR @Rn JSR @@aa:8 #xx: 8/16 Mnemonic Operand Size Addressing Mode/ Instruction Length (bytes) — — — — — — 8 2 — — — — — — 8 RTS — PC ← @SP SP+2 → SP 2 — — — — — — 8 RTE — CCR ← @SP SP+2 → SP PC ← @SP SP+2 → SP 2 ↕ SLEEP — Transit to sleep mode. LDC #xx:8, CCR B #xx:8 → CCR LDC Rs, CCR B Rs8 → CCR STC CCR, Rd B CCR → Rd8 ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ 10 2 — — — — — — 2 ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ 2 2 ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ 2 2 — — — — — — 2 2 ANDC #xx:8, CCR B CCR∧#xx:8 → CCR 2 ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ 2 ORC #xx:8, CCR B CCR∨#xx:8 → CCR 2 ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ 2 XORC #xx:8, CCR B CCR⊕#xx:8 → CCR 2 ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕ 2 NOP — PC ← PC+2 2 — — — — — — 2 Notes: * The number of execution states given here assumes the opcode and operand data are in on-chip memory. For other cases see Appendix A.3 below. ➀ Set to 1 when there is a carry or borrow from bit 11; otherwise cleared to 0. ➁ If the result is zero, the previous value of the flag is retained; otherwise the flag is cleared to 0. ➂ Set to 1 if decimal adjustment produces a carry; otherwise retains value prior to arithmetic operation. ➃ The number of states required for execution is 4n + 9 (n = value of R4L). ➄ Set to 1 if the divisor is negative; otherwise cleared to 0. ➅ Set to 1 if the divisor is zero; otherwise cleared to 0. 366 A.2 Operation Code Map Table A-2 is an operation code map. It shows the operation codes contained in the first byte of the instruction code (bits 15 to 8 of the first instruction word). Instruction when first bit of byte 2 (bit 7 of first instruction word) is 0. Instruction when first bit of byte 2 (bit 7 of first instruction word) is 1. 367 XOR AND MOV D E F Note: * The PUSH and POP instructions are identical in machine language to MOV instructions. OR C BILD 8 BVC SUBX BIAND BAND BIST BLD BST BEQ MOV NEG NOT LDC 7 B BIXOR BXOR RTE BNE AND ANDC 6 CMP BIOR BOR BSR BCS XOR XORC 5 A BTST RTS BCC OR ORC 4 ADDX BCLR BLS ROTR ROTXR LDC 3 9 BNOT BHI ROTL ROTXL STC 2 ADD BSET DIVXU BRN SHAR SHLR SLEEP 1 8 7 6 MULXU 5 SHAL SHLL NOP 0 BRA Low 4 3 2 1 0 High Table A-2 Operation Code Map SUB ADD MOV BVS 9 JMP BPL DEC INC A C CMP MOV BLT D JSR BGT SUBX ADDX E Bit-manipulation instructions BGE MOV * EEPMOV BMI SUBS ADDS B # "# 368 BLE DAS DAA F A.3 Number of Execution States The tables here can be used to calculate the number of states required for instruction execution. Table A-3 indicates the number of states required for each cycle (instruction fetch, branch address read, stack operation, byte data access, word data access, internal operation). Table A-4 indicates the number of cycles of each type occurring in each instruction. The total number of states required for execution of an instruction can be calculated from these two tables as follows: Execution states = I × SI + J × SJ + K × SK + L × SL + M × SM + N × SN Examples: When instruction is fetched from on-chip ROM, and an on-chip RAM is accessed. BSET #0, @FF00 From table A-4: I = L = 2, J = K = M = N= 0 From table A-3: SI = 2, SL = 2 Number of states required for execution = 2 × 2 + 2 × 2 = 8 When instruction is fetched from on-chip ROM, branch address is read from on-chip ROM, and on-chip RAM is used for stack area. JSR @@ 30 From table A-4: I = 2, J = K = 1, L = M = N = 0 From table A-3: SI = SJ = SK = 2 Number of states required for execution = 2 × 2 + 1 × 2+ 1 × 2 = 8 369 Table A-3 Number of Cycles in Each Instruction Access Location Execution Status (instruction cycle) On-Chip Memory On-Chip Peripheral Module 2 — Instruction fetch SI Branch address read SJ Stack operation SK Byte data access SL 2 or 3* Word data access SM — Internal operation SN 1 Note: * Depends on which on-chip module is accessed. See 2.9.1, Notes on Data Access for details. 370 Table A-4 Number of Cycles in Each Instruction Instruction Mnemonic ADD ADDS ADDX AND ANDC BAND Bcc BCLR Instruction Branch Stack Byte Data Fetch Addr. Read Operation Access I J K L ADD.B #xx:8, Rd 1 ADD.B Rs, Rd 1 ADD.W Rs, Rd 1 ADDS.W #1, Rd 1 ADDS.W #2, Rd 1 ADDX.B #xx:8, Rd 1 ADDX.B Rs, Rd 1 AND.B #xx:8, Rd 1 AND.B Rs, Rd 1 ANDC #xx:8, CCR 1 BAND #xx:3, Rd 1 BAND #xx:3, @Rd 2 1 BAND #xx:3, @aa:8 2 1 BRA d:8 (BT d:8) 2 BRN d:8 (BF d:8) 2 BHI d:8 2 BLS d:8 2 BCC d:8 (BHS d:8) 2 BCS d:8 (BLO d:8) 2 BNE d:8 2 BEQ d:8 2 BVC d:8 2 BVS d:8 2 BPL d:8 2 BMI d:8 2 BGE d:8 2 BLT d:8 2 BGT d:8 2 BLE d:8 2 BCLR #xx:3, Rd 1 BCLR #xx:3, @Rd 2 2 BCLR #xx:3, @aa:8 2 2 BCLR Rn, Rd 1 371 Word Data Internal Access Operation M N Table A-4 Number of Cycles in Each Instruction (cont) Instruction Mnemonic BCLR BIAND BILD BIOR BIST BIXOR BLD BNOT BOR BSET Instruction Branch Stack Byte Data Fetch Addr. Read Operation Access I J K L BCLR Rn, @Rd 2 2 BCLR Rn, @aa:8 2 2 BIAND #xx:3, Rd 1 BIAND #xx:3, @Rd 2 1 BIAND #xx:3, @aa:8 2 1 BILD #xx:3, Rd 1 BILD #xx:3, @Rd 2 1 BILD #xx:3, @aa:8 2 1 BIOR #xx:3, Rd 1 BIOR #xx:3, @Rd 2 1 BIOR #xx:3, @aa:8 2 1 BIST #xx:3, Rd 1 BIST #xx:3, @Rd 2 2 BIST #xx:3, @aa:8 2 2 BIXOR #xx:3, Rd 1 BIXOR #xx:3, @Rd 2 1 BIXOR #xx:3, @aa:8 2 1 BLD #xx:3, Rd 1 BLD #xx:3, @Rd 2 1 BLD #xx:3, @aa:8 2 1 BNOT #xx:3, Rd 1 BNOT #xx:3, @Rd 2 2 BNOT #xx:3, @aa:8 2 2 BNOT Rn, Rd 1 BNOT Rn, @Rd 2 2 BNOT Rn, @aa:8 2 2 BOR #xx:3, Rd 1 BOR #xx:3, @Rd 2 1 BOR #xx:3, @aa:8 2 1 BSET #xx:3, Rd 1 BSET #xx:3, @Rd 2 2 BSET #xx:3, @aa:8 2 2 BSET Rn, Rd 1 BSET Rn, @Rd 2 2 372 Word Data Internal Access Operation M N Table A-4 Number of Cycles in Each Instruction (cont) Instruction Mnemonic Instruction Branch Stack Byte Data Fetch Addr. Read Operation Access I J K L BSET BSET Rn, @aa:8 2 BSR BSR d:8 2 BST BST #xx:3, Rd 1 BST #xx:3, @Rd 2 2 BST #xx:3, @aa:8 2 2 BTST #xx:3, Rd 1 BTST #xx:3, @Rd 2 1 BTST #xx:3, @aa:8 2 1 BTST Rn, Rd 1 BTST Rn, @Rd 2 1 BTST Rn, @aa:8 2 1 BXOR #xx:3, Rd 1 BXOR #xx:3, @Rd 2 1 BXOR #xx:3, @aa:8 2 1 BTST BXOR CMP CMP. B #xx:8, Rd 1 CMP. B Rs, Rd 1 CMP.W Rs, Rd 1 DAA DAA.B Rd 1 DAS DAS.B Rd 1 DEC DEC.B Rd 1 DIVXU DIVXU.B Rs, Rd 1 EEPMOV EEPMOV 2 2 1 12 2n+2* INC INC.B Rd 1 JMP JMP @Rn 2 JMP @aa:16 2 JMP @@aa:8 2 JSR @Rn 2 1 JSR @aa:16 2 1 JSR @@aa:8 2 LDC #xx:8, CCR 1 JSR LDC MOV LDC Rs, CCR 1 MOV.B #xx:8, Rd 1 MOV.B Rs, Rd 1 MOV.B @Rs, Rd 1 Word Data Internal Access Operation M N 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 Note: n: Initial value in R4L. The source and destination operands are accessed n + 1 times each. 373 Table A-4 Number of Cycles in Each Instruction (cont) Instruction Mnemonic MOV Instruction Branch Stack Byte Data Word Data Internal Fetch Addr. Read Operation Access Access Operation I J K L M N MOV.B @(d:16, Rs), Rd 2 1 MOV.B @Rs+, Rd 1 1 MOV.B @aa:8, Rd 1 1 MOV.B @aa:16, Rd 2 1 MOV.B Rs, @Rd 1 1 MOV.B Rs, @(d:16, Rd) 2 1 MOV.B Rs, @–Rd 1 1 MOV.B Rs, @aa:8 1 1 MOV.B Rs, @aa:16 2 1 MOV.W #xx:16, Rd 2 MOV.W Rs, Rd 1 MOV.W @Rs, Rd 1 2 2 1 MOV.W @(d:16, Rs), Rd 2 1 MOV.W @Rs+, Rd 1 1 MOV.W @aa:16, Rd 2 1 MOV.W Rs, @Rd 1 1 MOV.W Rs, @(d:16, Rd) 2 1 MOV.W Rs, @–Rd 1 1 1 MOV.W Rs, @aa:16 2 MULXU MULXU.B Rs, Rd 1 NEG NEG.B Rd 1 NOP NOP 1 NOT NOT.B Rd 1 OR OR.B #xx:8, Rd 1 2 2 12 OR.B Rs, Rd 1 ORC ORC #xx:8, CCR 1 POP POP Rd 1 1 2 PUSH PUSH Rs 1 1 2 ROTL ROTL.B Rd 1 ROTR ROTR.B Rd 1 ROTXL ROTXL.B Rd 1 ROTXR ROTXR.B Rd 1 RTE RTE 2 2 2 RTS RTS 2 1 2 374 Table A-4 Number of Cycles in Each Instruction (cont) Instruction Mnemonic Instruction Branch Stack Byte Data Fetch Addr. Read Operation Access I J K L SHLL SHLL.B Rd 1 SHAL SHAL.B Rd 1 SHAR SHAR.B Rd 1 SHLR SHLR.B Rd 1 SLEEP SLEEP 1 STC STC CCR, Rd 1 SUB SUB.B Rs, Rd 1 SUB.W Rs, Rd 1 SUBS SUBX XOR XORC SUBS.W #1, Rd 1 SUBS.W #2, Rd 1 SUBX.B #xx:8, Rd 1 SUBX.B Rs, Rd 1 XOR.B #xx:8, Rd 1 XOR.B Rs, Rd 1 XORC #xx:8, CCR 1 375 Word Data Internal Access Operation M N Appendix B On-Chip Registers B.1 I/O Registers (1) Bit Names Address Register (low) Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Module Name H'A0 SCR1 SNC1 SNC0 — — CKS3 CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 SCI1 H'A1 SCSR1 — SOL ORER — — — — STF H'A2 SDRU SDRU7 SDRU6 SDRU5 SDRU4 SDRU3 SDRU2 SDRU1 SDRU0 H'A3 SDRL SDRL7 SDRL6 SDRL5 SDRL4 SDRL3 SDRL2 SDRL1 SDRL0 H'A8 SMR COM CHR PE PM STOP MP CKS1 CKS0 H'A9 BRR BRR7 BRR6 BRR5 BRR4 BRR3 BRR2 BRR1 BRR0 H'AA SCR3 TIE RIE TE RE MPIE TEIE CKE1 CKE0 H'A4 H'A5 H'A6 H'A7 H'AB TDR TDR7 TDR6 TDR5 TDR4 TDR3 TDR2 TDR1 TDR0 H'AC SSR TDRE RDRF OER FER PER TEND MPBR MPBT H'AD RDR RDR7 RDR6 RDR5 RDR4 RDR3 RDR2 RDR1 RDR0 SCI3 H'AE H'AF H'B0 TMA TMA7 TMA6 TMA5 — TMA3 TMA2 TMA1 TMA0 H'B1 TCA TCA7 TCA6 TCA5 TCA4 TCA3 TCA2 TCA1 TCA0 Timer A H'B2 H'B3 H'B4 H'B5 H'B6 TCRF TOLH CKSH2 CKSH1 CKSH0 TOLL CKSL2 CKSL1 CKSL0 H'B7 TCSRF OVFH CMFH OVIEH CCLRH OVFL CMFL OVIEL CCLRL H'B8 TCFH TCFH7 TCFH6 TCFH5 TCFH4 TCFH3 TCFH2 TCFH1 TCFH0 H'B9 TCFL TCFL7 TCFL6 TCFL5 TCFL4 TCFL3 TCFL2 TCFL1 TCFL0 H'BA OCRFH OCRFH7 OCRFH6 OCRFH5 OCRFH4 OCRFH3 OCRFH2 OCRFH1 OCRFH0 Notation: SCI1: Serial communication interface 1 SCI3: Serial communication interface 3 376 Timer F Address Register (low) Name Bit 7 Bit Names Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Module Name H'BB OCRFL OCRFL7 OCRFL6 OCRFL5 OCRFL4 OCRFL3 OCRFL2 OCRFL1 OCRFL0 Timer F H'BC TMG OVFH H'BD ICRGF ICRGF7 ICRGF6 ICRGF5 ICRGF4 ICRGF3 ICRGF2 ICRGF1 ICRGF0 H'BE ICRGR ICRGR7 ICRGR6 ICRGR5 ICRGR4 ICRGR3 ICRGR2 ICRGR1 ICRGR0 H'C0 LPCR DTS1 DTS0 CMX SGX SGS3 SGS2 SGS1 SGS0 H'C1 LCR — PSW ACT DISP CKS3 CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 OVFL OVIE IIEGS CCLR1 CCLR0 CKS1 CKS0 Timer G H'BF LCD controller/ driver H'C2 H'C3 H'C4 AMR CKS TRGE — — CH3 CH2 CH1 CH0 H'C5 ADRR ADR7 ADR6 ADR5 ADR4 ADR3 ADR2 ADR1 ADR0 H'C6 ADSR ADSF — — — — — — — A/D converter H'C7 H'C8 PMR1 IRQ3 IRQ2 IRQ1 — TMIG TMOFH TMOFL TMOW H'C9 PMR2 — — — NCS IRQ0 POF1 — IRQ4 H'CA PMR3 — — — — — SO1 SI1 SCK1 H'CB PMR4 NMOD7 NMOD6 NMOD5 NMOD4 NMOD3 NMOD2 NMOD1 NMOD0 H'CC PMR5 WKP7 WKP6 WKP5 WKP4 WKP3 WKP2 WKP1 WKP0 RLCTR — — — — — — RLCT1 RLCT0 H'D4 PDR1 P17 P16 P15 P14 P13 P12 P11 P10 H'D5 PDR2 P27 P26 P25 P24 P23 P22 P21 P20 H'D6 PDR3 P37 P36 P35 P34 P33 P32 P31 P30 H'D7 PDR4 — — — — P43 P42 P41 P40 H'D8 PDR5 P57 P56 P55 P54 P53 P52 P51 P50 H'D9 PDR6 P67 P66 P65 P64 P63 P62 P61 P60 H'DA PDR7 P77 P76 P75 P74 P73 P72 P71 P70 H'DB PDR8 P87 P86 P85 P84 P83 P82 P81 P80 H'DC PDR9 P97 P96 P95 P94 P93 P92 P91 P90 H'DD PDRA — — — — PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0 I/O ports H'CD H'CE H'CF H'D0 H'D1 H'D2 H'D3 377 I/O ports Address Register (low) Name Bit 7 Bit Names Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 H'DE PDRB PB7 PB6 PB5 PB4 PB3 PB2 PB1 PB0 H'DF PDRC — — — — PC3 PC2 PC1 PC0 H'E0 PUCR1 PUCR17 PUCR16 PUCR15 PUCR14 PUCR13 PUCR12 PUCR11 PUCR10 H'E1 PUCR3 PUCR37 PUCR36 PUCR35 PUCR34 PUCR33 PUCR32 PUCR31 PUCR30 H'E2 PUCR5 PUCR57 PUCR56 PUCR55 PUCR54 PUCR53 PUCR52 PUCR51 PUCR50 H'E3 PUCR6 PUCR67 PUCR66 PUCR65 PUCR64 PUCR63 PUCR62 PUCR61 PUCR60 H'E4 PCR1 PCR17 PCR16 PCR15 PCR14 PCR13 PCR12 PCR11 PCR10 H'E5 PCR2 PCR27 PCR26 PCR25 PCR24 PCR23 PCR22 PCR21 PCR20 H'E6 PCR3 PCR37 PCR36 PCR35 PCR34 PCR33 PCR32 PCR31 PCR30 H'E7 PCR4 — — — — — PCR42 PCR41 PCR40 H'E8 PCR5 PCR57 PCR56 PCR55 PCR54 PCR53 PCR52 PCR51 PCR50 H'E9 PCR6 PCR67 PCR66 PCR65 PCR64 PCR63 PCR62 PCR61 PCR60 H'EA PCR7 PCR77 PCR76 PCR75 PCR74 PCR73 PCR72 PCR71 PCR70 H'EB PCR8 PCR87 PCR86 PCR85 PCR84 PCR83 PCR82 PCR81 PCR80 H'EC PCR9 PCR97 PCR96 PCR95 PCR94 PCR93 PCR92 PCR91 PCR90 H'ED PCRA — — — — PCRA3 PCRA2 PCRA1 PCRA0 Module Name I/O ports H'EE H'EF H'F0 SYSCR1 SSBY STS2 STS1 STS0 LSON — — — H'F1 SYSCR2 — — — NESEL DTON MSON SA1 SA0 H'F2 IEGR — — — IEG4 IEG3 IEG2 IEG1 IEG0 H'F3 IENR1 IENTA IENS1 IENWP IEN4 IEN3 IEN2 IEN1 IEN0 H'F4 IENR2 IENDT IENAD — IENTG IENTFH IENTFL — — H'F6 IRR1 IRRTA IRRS1 — IRRI4 IRRI3 IRRI2 IRRI1 IRRI0 H'F7 IRR2 IRRDT IRRAD — IRRTG IRRTFH IRRTFL — — IWPR IWPF7 IWPF6 IWPF5 IWPF4 IWPF3 IWPF1 IWPF0 System control H'F5 System control H'F8 H'F9 H'FA H'FB H'FC H'FD H'FE H'FF 378 IWPF2 System control B.2 I/O Registers (2) Register acronym Register name Address to which the register is mapped Name of on-chip supporting module Timer C H'B4 TMC—Timer mode register C Bit numbers Bit Initial bit values 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TMC7 TMC6 TMC5 — — TMC2 TMC1 TMC0 Initial value 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W — — R/W R/W R/W Possible types of access R Read only W Write only R/W Read and write Clock select 0 0 0 Internal clock: ø/8192 1 Internal clock: ø/2048 1 0 Internal clock: ø/512 1 Internal clock: ø/64 1 0 0 Internal clock: ø/16 1 Internal clock: ø/4 1 0 Internal clock: ø W /4 1 External event (TMIC): Rising or falling edge Counter up/down control 0 0 TCC is an up-counter 1 TCC is a down-counter 1 * TCC up/down control is determined by input at pin UD. TCC is a down-counter if the UD input is high, and an up-counter if the UD input is low. 379 Names of the bits. Dashes (—) indicate reserved bits. Full name of bit Descriptions of bit settings SCR1—Serial control register 1 Bit H'A0 SCI1 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SNC1 SNC0 — — CKS3 CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Clock Select (CKS2 to CKS0) Serial Clock Cycle Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Prescaler Synchronous ø = 5 MHz ø = 2.5 MHz CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 Division 0 ø/1024 0 0 204.8 µs 409.6 µs 1 ø/256 51.2 µs 102.4 µs 1 0 12.8 µs 25.6 µs ø/64 6.4 µs 12.8 µs 1 ø/32 3.2 µs 6.4 µs 1 0 0 ø/16 1.6 µs 3.2 µs 1 ø/8 0.8 µs 1.6 µs 1 0 ø/4 — 0.8 µs 1 ø/2 Clock source select 0 Clock source is prescaler S, and pin SCK 1 is output pin 1 Clock source is external clock, and pin SCK 1 is input pin Operation mode select 0 0 8-bit synchronous transfer mode 1 16-bit synchronous transfer mode 1 0 Continuous clock output mode 1 Reserved 380 SCSR1—Serial control/status register 1 Bit H'A1 SCI1 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — SOL ORER — — — — STF Initial value 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write — R/W R/(W)* — — — — R/W Start flag 0 Read Write 1 Read Write Indicates that transfer is stopped Invalid Indicates transfer in progress Starts a transfer operation Overrun error flag 0 [Clearing condition] After reading 1, cleared by writing 0 1 [Setting condition] Set if a clock pulse is input after transfer is complete, when an external clock is used Extended data bit 0 Read SO1 pin output level is low Write SO1 pin output level changes to low 1 Read SO1 pin output level is high Write SO1 pin output level changes to high Note: * Only a write of 0 for flag clearing is possible. 381 SDRU—Serial data register U Bit Initial value Read/Write H'A2 SCI1 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SDRU7 SDRU6 SDRU5 SDRU4 SDRU3 SDRU2 SDRU1 SDRU0 Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Stores transmit and receive data 8-bit transfer mode: Not used 16-bit transfer mode: Upper 8 bits of data SDRL—Serial data register L Bit Initial value Read/Write H'A3 SCI1 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SDRL7 SDRL6 SDRL5 SDRL4 SDRL3 SDRL2 SDRL1 SDRL0 Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Stores transmit and receive data 8-bit transfer mode: 8-bit data 16-bit transfer mode: Lower 8 bits of data 382 R/W SMR—Serial mode register Bit H'A8 SCI3 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 COM CHR PE PM STOP MP CKS1 CKS0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Multiprocessor mode 0 Multiprocessor communication function disabled 1 Multiprocessor communication function enabled Clock select 0, 1 0 0 ø clock 1 ø/4 clock 1 0 ø/16 clock 1 ø/64 clock Stop bit length 0 1 stop bit 1 2 stop bits Parity mode 0 Even parity 1 Odd parity Parity enable 0 Parity bit adding and checking disabled 1 Parity bit adding and checking enabled Character length 0 8-bit data 1 7-bit data Communication mode 0 Asynchronous mode 1 Synchronous mode BRR—Bit rate register Bit H'A9 SCI3 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 BRR7 BRR6 BRR5 BRR4 BRR3 BRR2 BRR1 BRR0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W 383 SCR3—Serial control register 3 Bit H'AA SCI3 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TIE RIE TE RE MPIE TEIE CKE1 CKE0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Clock enable Bit 1 CKE1 0 Bit 0 CKE0 0 1 1 0 1 Communication Mode Asynchronous Synchronous Asynchronous Synchronous Asynchronous Synchronous Asynchronous Synchronous Description Clock Source Internal clock Internal clock Internal clock Reserved External clock External clock Reserved Reserved SCK 3 Pin Function I/O port Serial clock output Clock output Reserved Clock input Serial clock input Reserved Reserved Transmit end interrupt enable 0 1 Transmit end interrupt (TEI) disabled Transmit end interrupt (TEI) enabled Multiprocessor interrupt enable 0 Multiprocessor interrupt request disabled (ordinary receive operation) [Clearing condition] Multiprocessor bit receives a data value of 1 1 Multiprocessor interrupt request enabled Until a multiprocessor bit value of 1 is received, the receive data full interrupt (RXI) and receive error interrupt (ERI) are disabled, and serial status register (SSR) flags RDRF, FER, and OER are not set. Receive enable 0 1 Receive operation disabled (RXD is a general I/O port) Receive operation enabled (RXD is the receive data pin) Transmit enable 0 1 Transmit operation disabled (TXD is a general I/O port) Transmit operation enabled (TXD is the transmit data pin) Receive interrupt enable 0 1 Receive data interrupt request (RXI) and receive error interrupt request (ERI) disabled Receive data interrupt request (RXI) and receive error interrupt request (ERI) enabled Transmit interrupt enable (TIE) 0 1 Transmit data empty interrupt request (TXI) disabled Transmit data empty interrupt request (TXI) enabled 384 TDR—Transmit data register Bit H'AB SCI3 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TDR7 TDR6 TDR5 TDR4 TDR3 TDR2 TDR1 TDR0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Data to be transferred to TSR 385 SSR—Serial status register Bit H'AC SCI3 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TDRE RDRF OER FER PER TEND MPBR MPBT Initial value 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Read/Write R/(W)* R/(W)* R/(W)* R/(W)* R/(W)* R R R/W Multiprocessor bit receive 0 Indicates reception of data in which the multiprocessor bit is 0 1 Indicates reception of data in which the multiprocessor bit is 1 Multiprocessor bit transmit 0 The multiprocessor bit in transmit data is 0 1 The multiprocessor bit in transmit data is 1 Transmit end 0 Indicates that transmission is in progress [Clearing conditions] After reading TDRE = 1, cleared by writing 0 to TDRE. When data is written to TDR by an instruction. 1 Indicates that a transmission has ended [Setting conditions] When bit TE in serial control register 3 (SCR3) is 0. If TDRE is set to 1 when the last bit of a transmitted character is sent. Parity error 0 Indicates that data receiving is in progress or has been completed [Clearing conditions] After reading PER = 1, cleared by writing 0 1 Indicates that a parity error occurred in data receiving [Setting conditions] When the sum of 1s in received data plus the parity bit does not match the parity mode bit (PM) setting in the serial mode register (SMR) Framing error 0 Indicates that data receiving is in progress or has been completed [Clearing conditions] After reading FER = 1, cleared by writing 0 1 Indicates that a framing error occurred in data receiving [Setting conditions] The stop bit at the end of receive data is checked and found to be 0 Overrun error 0 Indicates that data receiving is in progress or has been completed [Clearing conditions] After reading OER = 1, cleared by writing 0 1 Indicates that an overrun error occurred in data receiving [Setting conditions] When data receiving is completed while RDRF is set to 1 Receive data register full 0 Indicates there is no receive data in RDR [Clearing conditions] After reading RDRF = 1, cleared by writing 0. When data is read from RDR by an instruction. 1 Indicates that there is receive data in RDR [Setting conditions] When receiving ends normally, with receive data transferred from RSR to RDR Transmit data register empty 0 Indicates that transmit data written to TDR has not been transferred to TSR [Clearing conditions] After reading TDRE = 1, cleared by writing 0. When data is written to TDR by an instruction. 1 Indicates that no transmit data has been written to TDR, or the transmit data written to TDR has been transferred to TSR [Setting conditions] When bit TE in serial control register 3 (SCR3) is 0. When data is transferred from TDR to TSR. Note: * Only a write of 0 for flag clearing is possible. 386 RDR—Receive data register Bit H'AD SCI3 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RDR7 RDR6 RDR5 RDR4 RDR3 RDR2 RDR1 RDR0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R R R R R R R R TMA—Timer mode register A Bit H'B0 Timer A 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TMA7 TMA6 TMA5 — TMA3 TMA2 TMA1 TMA0 Initial value 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W — R/W R/W R/W R/W Clock output select 0 0 0 ø/32 1 ø/16 1 0 ø/8 1 ø/4 1 0 0 ø W /32 1 ø W /16 1 0 ø W /8 1 ø W /4 Internal clock select Prescaler and Divider Ratio TMA3 TMA2 TMA1 TMA0 or Overflow Period 0 0 0 ø/8192 0 PSS 1 PSS ø/4096 PSS ø/2048 1 0 ø/512 PSS 1 1 0 0 ø/256 PSS 1 ø/128 PSS ø/32 1 0 PSS ø/8 1 PSS 0 0 0 1s 1 PSW 1 0.5 s PSW 1 0 0.25 s PSW 1 0.03125 s PSW 1 0 0 PSW and TCA are reset 1 1 0 1 387 Function Interval timer Time base TCA—Timer counter A Bit H'B1 Timer A 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TCA7 TCA6 TCA5 TCA4 TCA3 TCA2 TCA1 TCA0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R R R R R R R R Count value TCRF—Timer control register F Bit H'B6 Timer F 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TOLH CKSH2 CKSH1 CKSH0 TOLL CKSL2 CKSL1 CKSL0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W Toggle output level H 0 Low level 1 High level Clock select L 0 * * External event (TMIF): Rising or falling edge 1 0 0 Internal clock: ø/32 1 Internal clock: ø/16 1 0 Internal clock: ø/4 1 Internal clock: ø/2 Toggle output level L 0 Low level 1 High level Clock select H 0 * * 16-bit mode selected. TCFL overflow signals are counted. 1 0 0 Internal clock: ø/32 1 Internal clock: ø/16 1 0 Internal clock: ø/4 1 Internal clock: ø/2 Note: * Don’t care 388 TCSRF—Timer control/status register F Bit H'B7 Timer F 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 OVFH CMFH OVIEH CCLRH OVFL CMFL OVIEL CCLRL Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W * R/W * R/W R/W * R/W * R/W R/W R/W Timer overflow interrupt enable L 0 TCFL overflow interrupt disabled 1 TCFL overflow interrupt enabled Compare match flag L 0 [Clearing condition] After reading CMFL = 1, cleared by writing 0 to CMFL 1 [Setting condition] When the TCFL value matches the OCRFL value Timer overflow flag L 0 [Clearing condition] After reading OVFL = 1, cleared by writing 0 to OVFL 1 [Setting condition] When the value of TCFL goes from H'FF to H'00 Counter clear H 0 16-bit mode: 8-bit mode: 1 16-bit mode: 8-bit mode: TCF clearing by compare match disabled TCFH clearing by compare match disabled TCF clearing by compare match enabled TCFH clearing by compare match enabled Timer overflow interrupt enable H 0 TCFH overflow interrupt disabled 1 TCFH overflow interrupt enabled Counter clear L 0 TCFL clearing by compare match disabled 1 TCFL clearing by compare match enabled Compare match flag H 0 [Clearing condition] After reading CMFH = 1, cleared by writing 0 to CMFH 1 [Setting condition] When the TCFH value matches the OCRFH value Timer overflow flag H 0 [Clearing condition] After reading OVFH = 1, cleared by writing 0 to OVFH 1 [Setting condition] When the value of TCFH goes from H'FF to H'00 Note: * Only a write of 0 for flag clearing is possible. 389 TCFH—8-bit timer counter FH Bit H'B8 Timer F 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TCFH7 TCFH6 TCFH5 TCFH4 TCFH3 TCFH2 TCFH1 TCFH0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Count value TCFL—8-bit timer counter FL Bit H'B9 Timer F 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TCFL7 TCFL6 TCFL5 TCFL4 TCFL3 TCFL2 TCFL1 TCFL0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Count value OCRFH—Output compare register FH Bit 7 6 5 H'BA 4 3 2 Timer F 1 0 OCRFH7 OCRFH6 OCRFH5 OCRFH4 OCRFH3 OCRFH2 OCRFH1 OCRFH0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W OCRFL—Output compare register FL Bit 7 6 5 H'BB 4 3 2 Timer F 1 0 OCRFL7 OCRFL6 OCRFL5 OCRFL4 OCRFL3 OCRFL2 OCRFL1 OCRFL0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W 390 TMG—Timer mode register G Bit H'BC Timer G 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 OVFH OVFL OVIE IIEGS CCLR1 CCLR0 CKS1 CKS0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/(W)* R/(W)* R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Clock select 0 0 Internal clock: 1 Internal clock: 1 0 Internal clock: 1 Internal clock: Counter clear 0 0 TCG is not cleared 1 TCG is cleared at the falling edge of the input capture signal 1 0 TCG is cleared at the rising edge of the input capture signal 1 TCG is cleared at both edges of the input capture signal Input capture interrupt edge select 0 Interrupts are requested at the rising edge of the input capture signal 1 Interrupts are requested at the falling edge of the input capture signal Timer overflow interrupt enable 0 TCG overflow interrupt disabled 1 TCG overflow interrupt enabled Timer overflow flag L 0 [Clearing condition] After reading OVFL = 1, cleared by writing 0 to OVFL 1 [Setting condition] When the value of TCG goes from H'FF to H'00 Timer overflow flag H 0 [Clearing condition] After reading OVFH = 1, cleared by writing 0 to OVFH 1 [Setting condition] When the value of TCG goes from H'FF to H'00 Note: * Only a write of 0 for flag clearing is possible. 391 ø/64 ø/32 ø/2 ø W /2 ICRGF—Input capture register GF Bit 7 6 H'BD 5 4 3 2 Timer G 1 0 ICRGF7 ICRGF6 ICRGF5 ICRGF4 ICRGF3 ICRGF2 ICRGF1 ICRGF0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R R R R R R R R ICRGR—Input capture register GR Bit 7 6 H'BE 5 4 3 2 Timer G 1 0 ICRGR7 ICRGR6 ICRGR5 ICRGR4 ICRGR3 ICRGR2 ICRGR1 ICRGR0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R R R R R R R R 392 LPCR—LCD port control register Bit H'C0 LCD controller/driver 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DTS1 DTS0 CMX SGX SGS3 SGS2 SGS1 SGS0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Segment driver select Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Functions of Pins SEG40 to SEG 1 SEG40 to SGX SGS3 SGS2 SGS1 SGS0 SEG37 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 * 0 * 0 1 1 1 * SEG36 to SEG32 to SEG28 to SEG24 to SEG20 to SEG16 to SEG12 to SEG8 to SEG4 to SEG33 SEG29 SEG25 SEG21 SEG17 SEG13 SEG9 SEG5 SEG1 Remarks 0 Port Port Port Port Port Port Port Port Port Port 1 SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port Port Port Port 0 SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port Port Port 1 SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port Port 0 SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port 1 SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port 0 SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port 1 SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port 0 SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port 1 SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG 0 External segment Port expansion Port Port Port Port Port Port Port Port 1 External segment SEG expansion Port Port Port Port Port Port Port Port 0 External segment SEG expansion SEG Port Port Port Port Port Port Port 1 External segment SEG expansion SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port Port 0 External segment SEG expansion SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port Port 1 External segment SEG expansion SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port Port 1 0 External segment SEG expansion SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port Port 1 External segment SEG expansion SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port Port * 0 External segment SEG expansion SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG Port 1 External segment SEG expansion SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG SEG 0 Expansion signal select 0 Pins SEG40 to SEG37 1 Pins CL 1 , CL 2 , DO, and M Duty and common function select Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 DTS1 DTS0 CMX Duty 0 0 0 Static 1 0 1 0 1/2 duty 1 1 0 0 1/3 duty 1 1 1 0 1/4 duty Common Driver Other Uses COM 1 COM3 , COM2 , and COM1 usable as ports COM 4 to COM 1 COM4 , COM3 , and COM2 output the same waveform as COM 1 COM 2 , COM1 COM4 and COM 3 usable as ports COM 4 to COM 1 COM4 outputs the same waveform as COM 3 , and COM 2 the same waveform as COM 1 COM 3 to COM 1 COM4 usable as port COM 4 to COM 1 COM4 outputs a non-select waveform COM 4 to COM 1 — 1 393 (initial value) LCR—LCD control register Bit H'C1 LCD controller/driver 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — PSW ACT DISP CKS3 CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 Initial value 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Frame frequency select Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 CKS3 CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 0 0 0 * 1 1 * 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 Clock øW øW ø W /2 ø/2 ø/4 ø/8 ø/16 ø/32 ø/64 ø/128 ø/256 Display data control 0 Blank data displayed 1 LCD RAM data displayed Display active 0 LCD controller/driver operation stopped 1 LCD controller/driver operational Power switch 0 LCD power supply resistive voltage divider off 1 LCD power supply resistive voltage divider on Note: * Don’t care 394 Frame Frequency ø = 5 MHz ø = 625 Hz 128 Hz (initial value) 64 Hz 32 Hz — 610 Hz — 305 Hz — 153 Hz 610 Hz 76.3 Hz 305 Hz 38.1 Hz 153 Hz — 76.3 Hz — 38.1 Hz — AMR—A/D mode register Bit H'C4 A/D converter 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 CKS TRGE — — CH3 CH2 CH1 CH0 Initial value 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W — — R/W R/W R/W R/W Channel select Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 CH3 CH2 CH1 0 0 * 1 0 Bit 0 CH0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 * 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Analog Input Channel No channel selected AN 0 AN 1 AN 2 AN 3 AN 4 AN 5 AN 6 AN 7 AN 8 AN 9 AN 10 AN 11 External trigger select 0 Disables start of A/D conversion by external trigger 1 Enables start of A/D conversion by rising or falling edge of external trigger at pin ADTRG Clock select Bit 7 CKS Conversion Period 0 62/ø 1 31/ø Conversion Time ø = 2 MHz ø = 5 MHz 31 µs 15.5 µs 12.4 µs — *1 Notes: * Don’t care 1. Operation is not guaranteed if the conversion time is less than 12.4 µs. Set bit 7 for a value of at least 12.4 µs. 395 ADRR—A/D result register Bit Initial value Read/Write H'C5 A/D converter 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ADR7 ADR6 ADR5 ADR4 ADR3 ADR2 ADR1 ADR0 Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed Not fixed R R R R R R R R A/D conversion result ADSR—A/D start register Bit H'C6 A/D converter 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ADSF — — — — — — — Initial value 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Read/Write R/W — — — — — — — A/D status flag 0 Read Indicates the completion of A/D conversion Write Stops A/D conversion 1 Read Indicates A/D conversion in progress Write Starts A/D conversion 396 PMR1—Port mode register 1 Bit H'C8 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 IRQ3 IRQ2 IRQ1 — TMIG TMOFH TMOFL TMOW Initial value 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W — R/W R/W R/W R/W P10 /TMOW pin function switch 0 Functions as P10 I/O pin 1 Functions as TMOW output pin P11 /TMOFL pin function switch 0 Functions as P11 I/O pin 1 Functions as TMOFL output pin P12 /TMOFH pin function switch 0 Functions as P12 I/O pin 1 Functions as TMOFH output pin P13 /TMIG pin function switch 0 Functions as P13 I/O pin 1 Functions as TMIG input pin P15 /IRQ 1 pin function switch 0 Functions as P15 I/O pin 1 Functions as IRQ 1 input pin P16 /IRQ 2 pin function switch 0 Functions as P16 I/O pin 1 Functions as IRQ 2 input pin P17 /IRQ 3 /TMIF pin function switch 0 Functions as P17 I/O pin 1 Functions as IRQ 3 /TMIF input pin 397 PMR2—Port mode register 2 Bit H'C9 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — NCS IRQ0 POF1 — IRQ4 Initial value 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 Read/Write — — — R/W R/W R/W — R/W P20 /IRQ 4 /ADTRG pin function switch 0 Functions as P20 I/O pin 1 Functions as IRQ 4 /ADTRG input pin P32 /SO 1 pin PMOS control 0 CMOS output 1 NMOS open-drain output P43 /IRQ 0 pin function switch 0 Functions as P4 3 I/O pin 1 Functions as IRQ 0 input pin TMIG noise canceller select 0 Noise canceller function not selected 1 Noise canceller function selected 398 PMR3—Port mode register 3 Bit H'CA I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — — SO12 SI1 SCK 1 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — — — R/W R/W R/W P3 0 /SCK 1 pin function switch 0 Functions as P3 0 I/O pin 1 Functions as SCK 1 I/O pin P3 1 /SI 1 pin function switch 0 Functions as P3 1 I/O pin 1 Functions as SI 1 input pin P3 2 /SO 1 pin function switch 0 Functions as P3 2 I/O pin 1 Functions as SO 1 output pin 399 PMR4—Port mode register 4 Bit 7 6 H'CB 5 4 3 2 I/O ports 1 0 NMOD7 NMOD6 NMOD5 NMOD4 NMOD3 NMOD2 NMOD1 NMOD0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W 0 P2 n has CMOS output 1 P2 n has NMOS open-drain output PMR5—Port mode register 5 Bit H'CC I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 WKP7 WKP6 WKP5 WKP4 WKP3 WKP2 WKP1 WKP0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W P5n /WKPn /SEG n + 1 pin function switch 0 Functions as P5 n I/O pin 1 Functions as WKPn input pin RLCTR—LCD RAM relocation register Bit H'CF 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — — — RLCT1 RLCT0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 Read/Write — — — — — — R/W R/W 400 PDR1—Port data register 1 Bit H'D4 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P17 P16 P15 P14 P13 P12 P11 P10 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR2—Port data register 2 Bit H'D5 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P27 P26 P25 P24 P23 P22 P21 P20 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR3—Port data register 3 Bit H'D6 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P37 P36 P35 P34 P33 P32 P31 P30 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR4—Port data register 4 Bit H'D7 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — P43 P42 P41 P40 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — — R R/W R/W R/W PDR5—Port data register 5 Bit H'D8 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P5 7 P56 P55 P54 P53 P52 P51 P50 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W 401 PDR6—Port data register 6 Bit H'D9 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P6 7 P66 P65 P64 P63 P62 P61 P60 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR7—Port data register 7 Bit H'DA I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P7 7 P76 P75 P74 P73 P72 P71 P70 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR8—Port data register 8 Bit H'DB I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P8 7 P86 P85 P84 P83 P82 P81 P80 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDR9—Port data register 9 Bit H'DC I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P9 7 P96 P95 P94 P93 P92 P91 P90 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PDRA—Port data register A Bit H'DD I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — PA 3 PA 2 PA 1 PA 0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 Read/Write _ — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W 402 PDRB—Port data register B Bit H'DE I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PB 7 PB 6 PB 5 PB 4 PB 3 PB 2 PB 1 PB 0 R R R R R R R R Initial value Read/Write PDRC—Port data register C Bit H'DF I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — PC 3 PC 2 PC 1 PC 0 — — — — R R R R Initial value Read/Write PUCR1—Port pull-up control register 1 Bit 7 6 5 H'E0 4 3 I/O ports 2 1 0 PUCR17 PUCR16 PUCR15 PUCR14 PUCR13 PUCR12 PUCR11 PUCR10 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PUCR3—Port pull-up control register 3 Bit 7 6 5 H'E1 4 3 I/O ports 2 1 0 PUCR3 7 PUCR36 PUCR35 PUCR34 PUCR33 PUCR32 PUCR31 PUCR30 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PUCR5—Port pull-up control register 5 Bit 7 6 5 H'E2 4 3 I/O ports 2 1 0 PUCR5 7 PUCR56 PUCR55 PUCR54 PUCR53 PUCR52 PUCR51 PUCR50 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W 403 PUCR6—Port pull-up control register 6 Bit 7 6 5 H'E3 4 3 I/O ports 2 1 0 PUCR6 7 PUCR66 PUCR65 PUCR64 PUCR63 PUCR62 PUCR61 PUCR60 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W PCR1—Port control register 1 Bit H'E4 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR17 PCR16 PCR15 PCR14 PCR13 PCR12 PCR11 PCR10 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W Port 1 input/output select 0 Input pin 1 Output pin PCR2—Port control register 2 Bit H'E5 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR27 PCR26 PCR25 PCR24 PCR23 PCR22 PCR21 PCR20 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W Port 2 input/output select 0 Input pin 1 Output pin 404 PCR3—Port control register 3 Bit H'E6 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR37 PCR36 PCR35 PCR34 PCR33 PCR32 PCR31 PCR30 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W Port 3 input/output select 0 Input pin 1 Output pin PCR4—Port control register 4 Bit H'E7 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — — PCR42 PCR41 PCR40 Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — — — W W W Port 4 input/output select 0 Input pin 1 Output pin PCR5—Port control register 5 Bit H'E8 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR57 PCR56 PCR55 PCR54 PCR53 PCR52 PCR51 PCR50 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W Port 5 input/output select 0 Input pin 1 Output pin 405 PCR6—Port control register 6 Bit H'E9 I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR6 7 PCR6 6 PCR6 5 PCR6 4 PCR6 3 PCR6 2 PCR6 1 PCR6 0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W Port 6 input/output select 0 Input pin 1 Output pin PCR7—Port control register 7 Bit H'EA I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR77 PCR76 PCR75 PCR74 PCR73 PCR72 PCR71 PCR70 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W Port 7 input/output select 0 Input pin 1 Output pin PCR8—Port control register 8 Bit H'EB I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR87 PCR86 PCR85 PCR84 PCR83 PCR82 PCR81 PCR80 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W Port 8 input/output select 0 Input pin 1 Output pin 406 PCR9—Port control register 9 Bit H'EC I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PCR97 PCR96 PCR95 PCR94 PCR93 PCR92 PCR91 PCR90 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write W W W W W W W W Port 9 input/output select 0 Input pin 1 Output pin PCRA—Port control register A Bit H'ED I/O ports 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — — PCRA 3 PCRA 2 PCRA 1 PCRA 0 Initial value 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — — W W W W Port A input/output select 0 Input pin 1 Output pin 407 SYSCR1—System control register 1 Bit H'F0 System control 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SSBY STS2 STS1 STS0 LSON — — — Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W — — — Low speed on flag 0 The CPU operates on the system clock (ø) 1 The CPU operates on the subclock (øSUB ) Standby timer select 2 to 0 0 0 0 Wait time = 8,192 states 1 Wait time = 16,384 states 1 0 Wait time = 32,768 states 1 Wait time = 65,536 states 1 * * Wait time = 131,072 states Software standby 0 When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active mode, a transition is made to sleep mode. When a SLEEP instruction is executed in subactive mode, a transition is made to subsleep mode. 1 When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active mode, a transition is made to standby mode or watch mode. When a SLEEP instruction is executed in subactive mode, a transition is made to watch mode. Note: * Don’t care 408 SYSCR2—System control register 2 Bit H'F1 System control 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — NESEL DTON MSON SA1 SA0 Initial value 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Medium speed on flag Subactive mode clock select 0 Operates in active (high-speed) mode 1 Operates in active (medium-speed) mode 0 0 ø W /8 1 ø W /4 1 * ø W /2 Direct transfer on flag 0 When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active mode, a transition is made to standby mode, watch mode, or sleep mode. When a SLEEP instruction is executed in subactive mode, a transition is made to watch mode or subsleep mode. 1 When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active (high-speed) mode, a direct transition is made to active (medium-speed) mode if SSBY = 0, MSON = 1, and LSON = 0, or to subactive mode if SSBY = 1, TMA3 = 1, and LSON = 1. When a SLEEP instruction is executed in active (medium-speed) mode, a direct transition is made to active (high-speed) mode if SSBY = 0, MSON = 0, and LSON = 0, or to subactive mode if SSBY = 1, TMA3 = 1, and LSON = 1. When a SLEEP instruction is executed in subactive mode, a direct transition is made to active (high-speed) mode if SSBY = 1, TMA3 = 1, LSON = 0, and MSON = 0, or to active (medium-speed) mode if SSBY = 1, TMA3 = 1, LSON = 0, and MSON = 1. Noise elimination sampling frequency select 0 Sampling rate is øOSC /16 1 Sampling rate is øOSC /4 Note: * Don’t care 409 IEGR—IRQ edge select register Bit H'F2 System control 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 — — — IEG4 IEG3 IEG2 IEG1 IEG0 Initial value 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W IRQ 0 edge select 0 Falling edge of IRQ 0 pin input is detected 1 Rising edge of IRQ 0 pin input is detected IRQ 1 edge select 0 Falling edge of IRQ 1 pin input is detected 1 Rising edge of IRQ 1 pin input is detected IRQ 2 edge select 0 Falling edge of IRQ 2 pin input is detected 1 Rising edge of IRQ 2 pin input is detected IRQ 3 edge select 0 Falling edge of IRQ 3 /TMIF pin input is detected 1 Rising edge of IRQ 3 /TMIF pin input is detected IRQ 4 edge select 0 Falling edge of IRQ 4 /ADTRG pin input is detected 1 Rising edge of IRQ 4 /ADTRG pin input is detected 410 IENR1—Interrupt enable register 1 Bit H'F3 System control 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 IENTA IENS1 IENWP IEN4 IEN3 IEN2 IEN1 IEN0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W IRQ 4 to IRQ 0 interrupt enable 0 Disables interrupt request IRQ n 1 Enables interrupt request IRQ n Wakeup interrupt enable 0 Disables interrupt requests from WKP7 to WKP0 1 Enables interrupt requests from WKP7 to WKP0 SCI1 interrupt enable 0 Disables SCI1 interrupts 1 Enables SCI1 interrupts Timer A interrupt enable 0 Disables timer A interrupts 1 Enables timer A interrupts 411 (n = 4 to 0) IENR2—Interrupt enable register 2 Bit H'F4 7 6 5 4 3 System control 2 1 0 IENDT IENAD — IENTG — — Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W IENTFH IENTFL Reserved bit Reserved bit Timer FL interrupt enable 0 Disables timer FL interrupts 1 Enables timer FL interrupts Timer FH interrupt enable 0 Disables timer FH interrupts 1 Enables timer FH interrupts Timer G interrupt enable 0 Disables timer G interrupts 1 Enables timer G interrupts Reserved bit A/D converter interrupt enable 0 Disables A/D converter interrupt requests 1 Enables A/D converter interrupt requests Direct transfer interrupt enable 0 Disables direct transfer interrupt requests 1 Enables direct transfer interrupt requests 412 IRR1—Interrupt request register 1 Bit H'F6 System control 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 IRRTA IRRS1 — IRRI4 IRRI3 IRRI2 IRRI1 IRRI0 Initial value 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W * R/W * — R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * IRQ 4 to IRQ 0 interrupt request flag 0 [Clearing condition] When IRRIn = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 1 [Setting condition] When pin IRQ n is set to interrupt input and the designated signal edge is detected SCI1 interrupt request flag 0 [Clearing condition] When IRRS1 = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 1 [Setting condition] When an SCI1 transfer is completed Timer A interrupt request flag 0 [Clearing condition] When IRRTA = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 1 [Setting condition] When the timer A counter overflows from H'FF to H'00 Note: * Only a write of 0 for flag clearing is possible. 413 (n = 4 to 0) IRR2—Interrupt request register 2 Bit H'F7 7 6 5 4 IRRDT IRRAD — IRRTG Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * 3 System control 1 0 — — 0 0 0 R/W * R/W * R/W * 2 IRRTFH IRRTFL Reserved bit Reserved bit Timer FL interrupt request flag 0 [Clearing condition] When IRRTFL = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 1 [Setting condition] When counter FL matches output compare register FL in 8-bit mode Timer FH interrupt request flag 0 [Clearing condition] When IRRTFH = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 1 [Setting condition] When counter FH matches output compare register FH in 8-bit mode, or when 16-bit counter F (TCFL, TCFH) matches 16-bit output compare register F (OCRFL, OCRFH) in 16-bit mode Timer G interrupt request flag 0 [Clearing condition] When IRRTG = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 1 [Setting condition] When pin TMIG is set to TMIG input and the designated signal edge is detected Reserved bit A/D converter interrupt request flag 0 [Clearing condition] When IRRAD = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 1 [Setting condition] When A/D conversion is completed and ADSF is reset Direct transfer interrupt request flag 0 [Clearing condition] When IRRDT = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 1 [Setting condition] A SLEEP instruction is executed when DTON = 1 and a direct transfer is made Note: * Only a write of 0 for flag clearing is possible. 414 IWPR—Wakeup interrupt request register Bit H'F9 System control 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 IWPF7 IWPF6 IWPF5 IWPF4 IWPF3 IWPF2 IWPF1 IWPF0 Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read/Write R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * R/W * Wakeup interrupt request flag 0 [Clearing condition] When IWPFn = 1, it is cleared by writing 0 1 [Setting condition] When pin WKP n is set to interrupt input and a falling signal edge is detected (n = 7 to 0) Note: * Only a write of 0 for flag clearing is possible. 415 Appendix C I/O Port Block Diagrams C.1 Schematic Diagram of Port 1 SBY (low level during reset and in standby mode) Internal data bus PUCR1n VCC VCC PMR1n P1n PDR1n VSS PCR1n IRQ n – 4 PDR1: PCR1: PMR1: PUCR1: Port data register 1 Port control register 1 Port mode register 1 Port pull-up control register 1 n = 5 to 7 Figure C-1 (a) Port 1 Block Diagram (Pins P17 to P15) 416 SBY Internal data bus PUCR14 VCC VCC P14 PDR14 VSS PCR14 PDR1: Port data register 1 PCR1: Port control register 1 PUCR1: Port pull-up control register 1 Figure C-1 (b) Port 1 Block Diagram (Pin P14) 417 SBY Internal data bus PUCR13 VCC VCC PMR13 P13 PDR13 VSS PCR13 Timer G module TMIG PDR1: PCR1: PMR1: PUCR1: Port data register 1 Port control register 1 Port mode register 1 Port pull-up control register 1 Figure C-1 (c) Port 1 Block Diagram (Pin P13) 418 Timer F module TMOFH (P12 ) TMOFL (P1 1 ) SBY Internal data bus PUCR1n VCC VCC PMR1n P1n PDR1n VSS PDR1: PCR1: PMR1: PUCR1: PCR1n Port data register 1 Port control register 1 Port mode register 1 Port pull-up control register 1 n = 2, 1 Figure C-1 (d) Port 1 Block Diagram (Pins P12 and P11) 419 Timer A module TMOW SBY Internal data bus PUCR10 VCC VCC PMR10 P10 PDR10 VSS PDR1: PCR1: PMR1: PUCR1: PCR10 Port data register 1 Port control register 1 Port mode register 1 Port pull-up control register 1 Figure C-1 (e) Port 1 Block Diagram (Pin P10) 420 C.2 Schematic Diagram of Port 2 Internal data bus SBY PMR4 n VCC P2n PDR2 n VSS PDR2: PCR2: PMR4: PCR2 n Port data register 2 Port control register 2 Port mode register 4 n = 1 to 7 Figure C-2 (a) Port 2 Block Diagram (Pins P27 to P21) 421 SBY Internal data bus PMR4 0 VCC PMR2 0 P20 PDR20 VSS PCR2 0 IRQ 4 PDR2: PCR2: PMR2: PMR4: Port data register 2 Port control register 2 Port mode register 2 Port mode register 4 Figure C-2 (b) Port 2 Block Diagram (Pin P20) 422 C.3 Schematic Diagram of Port 3 SBY Internal data bus PUCR3n VCC VCC P3 n PDR3 n VSS PCR3 n PDR3: Port data register 3 PCR3: Port control register 3 PUCR3: Port pull-up control register 3 n = 3 to 7 Figure C-3 (a) Port 3 Block Diagram (Pins P37 to P33) 423 SCI1 module SO 1 PMR2 2 SBY Internal data bus PUCR32 VCC VCC PMR3 2 P3 2 PDR3 2 VSS PDR3: PCR3: PMR3: PMR2: PUCR3: PCR3 2 Port data register 3 Port control register 3 Port mode register 3 Port mode register 2 Port pull-up control register 3 Figure C-3 (b) Port 3 Block Diagram (Pin P32) 424 SBY Internal data bus PUCR31 VCC VCC PMR3 1 P3 1 PDR3 1 VSS PCR3 1 SCI1 module SI 1 PDR3: PCR3: PMR3: PUCR3: Port data register 3 Port control register 3 Port mode register 3 Port pull-up control register 3 Figure C-3 (c) Port 3 Block Diagram (Pin P31) 425 SCI1 module EXCK SCKO SCKI SBY PUCR30 VCC VCC P3 0 PDR30 VSS PDR3: PCR3: PMR3: PUCR3: PCR30 Port data register 3 Port control register 3 Port mode register 3 Port pull-up control register 3 Figure C-3 (d) Port 3 Block Diagram (Pin P30) 426 Internal data bus PMR3 0 C.4 Schematic Diagram of Port 4 Internal data bus PMR2 3 P4 3 IRQ 0 PMR2: Port mode register 2 Figure C-4 (a) Port 4 Block Diagram (Pin P43) SBY SCI3 module VCC TE TXD P4 2 PDR4 2 Internal data bus VSS PDR4: PCR4: PCR4 2 Port data register 4 Port control register 4 Figure C-4 (b) Port 4 Block Diagram (Pin P42) 427 SBY SCI3 module VCC RE RXD P4 1 VSS PCR4 1 PDR4: Port data register 4 PCR4: Port control register 4 Figure C-4 (c) Port 4 Block Diagram (Pin P41) 428 Internal data bus PDR4 1 SBY SCI3 module SCKIE SCKOE SCKO SCKI VCC P4 0 VSS PCR4 0 PDR4: Port data register 4 PCR4: Port control register 4 Figure C-4 (d) Port 4 Block Diagram (Pin P40) 429 Internal data bus PDR4 0 C.5 Schematic Diagram of Port 5 SBY Internal data bus PUCR5n VCC VCC PMR5 n P5 n PDR5n VSS PCR5n WKPn PDR5: PCR5: PMR5: PUCR5: Port data register 5 Port control register 5 Port mode register 5 Port pull-up control register 5 n = 0 to 7 Figure C-5 Port 5 Block Diagram 430 C.6 Schematic Diagram of Port 6 SBY Internal data bus PUCR6n VCC VCC P6 n PDR6n VSS PCR6n PDR6: Port data register 6 PCR6: Port control register 6 PUCR4: Port pull-up control register 6 n = 0 to 7 Figure C-6 Port 6 Block Diagram 431 C.7 Schematic Diagram of Port 7 SBY Internal data bus VCC PDR7n P7 n PCR7n VSS PDR7: PCR7: Port data register 7 Port control register 7 n = 0 to 7 Figure C-7 Port 7 Block Diagram 432 C.8 Schematic Diagram of Port 8 SBY Internal data bus VCC PDR8 n P8 n PCR8 n VSS PDR8: Port data register 8 PCR8: Port control register 8 n = 0 to 7 Figure C-8 Port 8 Block Diagram 433 C.9 Schematic Diagram of Port 9 SBY Internal data bus VCC PDR9n P9n PCR9n VSS PDR9: Port data register 9 PCR9: Port control register 9 n = 0 to 7 Figure C-9 Port 9 Block Diagram 434 C.10 Schematic Diagram of Port A SBY Internal data bus VCC PDRA n PAn PCRA n VSS PDRA: Port data register A PCRA: Port control register A n = 0 to 3 Figure C-10 Port A Block Diagram 435 C.11 Schematic Diagram of Port B Internal data bus PBn A/D module DEC AMR0 to AMR3 V IN n = 0 to 7 Figure C-11 Port B Block Diagram C.12 Schematic Diagram of Port C Internal data bus PCn A/D module DEC AMR0 to AMR3 V IN n = 0 to 3 Figure C-12 Port C Block Diagram 436 Appendix D Port States in the Different Processing States Table D-1 Port States Overview Port Reset Sleep Subsleep Standby Watch Subactive Active Retained P17 to P10 High impedance Retained High Retained impedance* Functions Functions P27 to P20 High Retained impedance Retained High Retained impedance Functions Functions P37 to P30 High Retained impedance Retained High Retained impedance* Functions Functions P43 to P40 High Retained impedance Retained High Retained impedance Functions Functions P57 to P50 High Retained impedance Retained High Retained impedance* Functions Functions Retained P67 to P60 High impedance Retained High Retained impedance* Functions Functions P77 to P70 High Retained impedance Retained High Retained impedance Functions Functions P87 to P80 High Retained impedance Retained High Retained impedance Functions Functions P97 to P90 High Retained impedance Retained High Retained impedance Functions Functions PA3 to PA0 High Retained impedance Retained High Retained impedance Functions Functions PB7 to PB0 High High High High High High High impedance impedance impedance impedance impedance impedance impedance PC3 to PC0 High High High High High High High impedance impedance impedance impedance impedance impedance impedance Note: * High level output when MOS pull-up is in on state. 437 Appendix E List of Product Codes Table E.1 H8/3814 Series Product Code Lineup Product Type H8/3814 Mask ROM versions Standard models I-Spec models H8/3813 Mask ROM versions Standard models I-Spec models H8/3812 Mask ROM versions Standard models I-Spec models Package (Hitachi Package Code) Product Code Mask Code HD6433814H HD6433814(***)H 100 pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433814F HD6433814(***)F 100 pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433814D HD6433814(***)HI 100 pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433814E HD6433814(***)FI 100 pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433813H HD6433813(***)H 100 pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433813F HD6433813(***)F 100 pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433813D HD6433813(***)HI 100 pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433813E HD6433813(***)FI 100 pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433812H HD6433812(***)H 100 pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433812F HD6433812(***)F 100 pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433812D HD6433812(***)HI 100 pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433812E HD6433812(***)FI 100 pin QFP (FP-100A) Note: For mask ROM versions, (***) is the ROM code. 438 Table E.2 H8/3814S Series Product Code Lineup Product Type H8/3814S Mask ROM versions Standard models I-Spec models H8/3813S Mask ROM versions Standard models I-Spec models H8/3812S Mask ROM versions Standard models I-Spec models Package (Hitachi Package Code) Product Code Mask Code HD6433814SH HD6433814(***)SH 100 pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433814SF HD6433814(***)SF 100 pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433814SX HD6433814(***)SX 100 pin TQFP (TFP-100B) HD6433814SD HD6433814(***)SHI 100 pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433814SE HD6433814(***)SFI 100 pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433814SL HD6433814(***)SXI 100 pin TQFP (TFP-100B) HD6433813SH HD6433813(***)SH 100 pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433813SF HD6433813(***)SF 100 pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433813SX HD6433813(***)SX 100 pin TQFP (TFP-100B) HD6433813SD HD6433813(***)SHI 100 pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433813SE HD6433813(***)SFI 100 pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433813SL HD6433813(***)SXI 100 pin TQFP (TFP-100B) HD6433812SH HD6433812(***)SH 100 pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433812SF HD6433812(***)SF 100 pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433812SX HD6433812(***)SX 100 pin TQFP (TFP-100B) HD6433812SD HD6433812(***)SHI 100 pin QFP (FP-100B) HD6433812SE HD6433812(***)SFI 100 pin QFP (FP-100A) HD6433812SL HD6433812(***)SXI 100 pin TQFP (TFP-100B) Note: For mask ROM versions, (***) is the ROM code. 439 Appendix F Package Dimensions Dimensional drawings of H8/3814 Series packages FP-100B, FP-100A and TFP-100B are shown in figures F-1 to F-3 below (TFP-100B is only for H8/3814S, H8/3813S, and H8/3812S). unit: mm 16.0 ± 0.3 14 75 51 50 100 26 0.10 0.17 ± 0.05 0.15 ± 0.04 0.08 M 1.0 2.70 25 0.12 +0.13 –0.12 1 0.22 ± 0.05 0.20 ± 0.04 3.05 Max 0.5 16.0 ± 0.3 76 1.0 0° – 8° 0.5 ± 0.2 Dimension including the plating thickness Base material dimension Figure F-1 FP-100B Package Dimensions 440 unit: mm 24.8 ± 0.4 20 51 50 100 31 M 0.58 0.15 2.70 0.13 0.17 ± 0.05 0.15 ± 0.04 30 0.20 +0.10 –0.20 1 0.32 ± 0.08 0.30 ± 0.06 3.10 Max 0.65 81 14 18.8 ± 0.4 80 Dimension including the plating thickness Base material dimension Figure F-2 FP-100A Package Dimensions 441 2.4 0.83 0° – 10° 1.2 ± 0.2 unit: mm 16.0 ± 0.2 14 75 51 50 100 26 1.20 Max 25 1.0 0.10 1.00 0.08 M 1.0 0° – 8° 0.5 ± 0.1 0.10 ± 0.10 1 0.22 ± 0.05 0.20 ± 0.04 0.17 ± 0.05 0.15 ± 0.04 0.5 16.0 ± 0.2 76 Dimension including the plating thickness Base material dimension Figure F-3 TFP-100B Package Dimensions Note: In case of inconsistencies arising within figures, dimensional drawings listed in the Hitachi Semiconductor Packages Manual take precedence and are considered correct. 442 H8/3814 Series Hardware Manual Publication Date: 1st Edition, November 1993 2nd Edition, September 1997 Published by: Semiconductor and IC Div. Hitachi, Ltd. Edited by: Technical Documentation Center Hitachi Microcomputer System Ltd. Copyright © Hitachi, Ltd., 1997. All rights reserved. Printed in Japan.