i ISSUE : 1.3 UPDATE : August 2004 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL i Proprietary Notice: © Copyright One RF Technology 2004 The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Company or product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. All rights reserved. Neither the whole nor any part of the information contained in this publication may be reproduced in any material form except with the written permission of One RF Technology. This publication is intended only to assist the reader in the use of the product. One RF Technology shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising from the use of any information in this publication, or any error or omission in such information, or any incorrect use of the product. Technical Support: Documentation is updated periodically. For the latest information about One RF Technology products, including software upgrades and application information, please visit One RF Technology’s website at the following internet URL: http://www.one-rf.com/ Documentation and software are periodically released on a CD-ROM, called Master CD, gathering all documentation and latest version of software for One RF Technology products. For the latest version of the Master CD, please contact your local One RF Technology Sales entity. One RF Technology Sales entities are available on One RF Technology website. One RF Technology provides customer technical support by phone and/or e-mail. For customer technical support, please contact your local One RF Technology Sales entity. 1360 route des Dolines, Les Cardoulines – Bât B4, 06560 Valbonne - FRANCE Tel : +33.(0)4.97.21.33.10 , Fax: +33.(0)4.97.21.33.11, email : [email protected] ii B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION.................................1 I.1. SUBJECT ....................................................... 1 I.2. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS .................................... 1 I.3. GLOSSARY ..................................................... 2 IV.1. BLOCK DIAGRAM............................................ 8 IV.2. BOARD/HOST INTERFACE .................................. 9 CHAPTER V. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONALITY .........................................................................11 V.1. GENERAL CONCEPT ........................................ 11 CHAPTER II. REQUIREMENTS ...............................3 V.2. COMMANDS................................................. 12 II.1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .................................. 3 V.3. REGISTERS DETAILED USE ............................... 14 II.2. FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS............................... 4 V.4. REGISTERS TABLES........................................ 23 II.3. TEMPERATURE REQUIREMENTS............................. 4 V.5. ERROR CODES.............................................. 28 CHAPTER III. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS..........5 CHAPTER VI. APPENDIX .....................................29 III.1. MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS.......................... 5 VI.1. ETSI 300-220 STANDARDS (SUMMARY )............. 30 III.2. FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS.......................... 6 VI.2. CONNECTOR « DELTA RIBBON » ....................... 33 III.3. ANTENNA CHARACTERISTICS.............................. 7 VI.3. MECHANICAL DRAWING.................................. 34 III.4. DIGITAL CHARACTERISTICS ............................... 7 VI.4. ANTENNA CONNECTION.................................. 35 III.5. POWER SUPPLY CHARACTERISTICS....................... 7 VI.5. DOCUMENT HISTORY ..................................... 36 CHAPTER IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE MODULE .......8 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL CHAPTER I. 1 INTRODUCTION I.1. Subject The following document describes : - The application field - The global requirements - The technical characteristics - The functionalities of the radio board B868MC-POWER. I.2. Reference Documents EN 300 220-1 v1.3.1 ETSI Standards for SRD , Sept 2000 ERC Rec 70-03 ERC Recommendation for SRD, March 2001 2 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL I.3. Glossary ACP BER CER dBm EMC EPROM ETR ETSI FM FSK GMSK IF ISM LNA PLL PROM NRZ RF RSSI Rx SRD Tx SMD VCO VCTCXO Adjacent Channel Power Bit Error Rate Character Error Rate Power level in decibel milliwatt (10 log (P/1mW)) Electro Magnetic Compatibility Electrical Programmable Read Only Memory ETSI Technical Report European Telecommunication Standard Institute Frequency Modulation Audio Frequency Shift Keying Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying Intermediary Frequency Industrial, Scientific and Medical Low Noise Amplifier Phase Lock Loop Programmable Read Only Memory Non return to Zero Radio Frequency Receive Strength Signal Indicator Reception Short Range Device Transmission Surface Mounted Device Voltage Controlled Oscillator Voltage Controlled and Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL 3 CHAPTER II. REQUIREMENTS II.1. General Requirements The B868MC-power module is a multi channel radio modem, delivering 500mW in the 868 MHz ISM band (unlicensed frequency band). It is the equivalent for Europe of the US module B900SS500. It is also the multi channel version of the module B868-power. In order to reduce costs and to harmonize our product family, the B868MC-power module has the same mechanical characteristics than the B868-power (same PCB format, fixing holes, connectors, metallic cover). As a multi channel radio modem, it allows ‘point-to-point’ or ‘network’ functioning modes. It is NOT a spread spectrum frequency hopping modem. The “ERC recommendation 70-03” describes the different usable sub-bands in the 868 MHz license free band, in terms of bandwidth, maximum power, duty cycle and channel spacing. It gives the following requirements : Frequency band Maximum radiated power Channel spacing Duty cycle 869.400 – 869.650 MHz 500 mW 25 kHz 10 % Furthermore, the module must comply with the ETSI 300-220 standards (specific for SRD). The main requirements are described in Annex 1. 4 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL II.2. Functional Requirements The B868MC-POWER module has a digital part and a RF part. The digital part has the following functionalities : - Power supply Protocol interface Micro controller with embedded software Data coding and shaping The RF part has the following functionalities : - Frequency synthesis Front-end Low noise reception The radio link is a Half Duplex bi-directional link. II.3. Temperature Requirements Operation : - Temperatures Relative humidity : : -20°C to + 55°C 20 % to 75 % Temperatures Relative humidity : : -40°C to + 85 °C 0 % to 95 % Storage : - B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL CHAPTER III. 5 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS III.1. Mechanical Characteristics Size : Format 90x50 mm (idem B868-power). Height : 13.5 mm. PCB : The circuit is a 6 layers circuit in epoxy FR4 / 1,6mm width. The PCB has 4 fixing holes (idem B868-power). Cover : Due to high radiated power, it is important to limit the coupling and EMC problems. - The VCO is protected by its own metallic cover. Furthermore, a global metallic cover (idem B868-power) is present on the “top” face of the board. Components : All SMD components except discriminator and IF filter. All the components are on the “top” face of the PCB and under the cover. Connectors : - - - 1 connector « Delta Ribbon » male 26 points right angled from 3M (idem B900SS-500). See connector drawing in Annex 2. This connector is used for integration in IP41 casing. 1 connector « Delta Ribbon » male 26 points straight for board-toboard connection. This connector is used for integration in IP65 casing. 1 SMA connector (not populated). 6 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL III.2. Functional Characteristics Global Frequency band : 869.400 – 869.650 MHz (ERC-Recommendation 70-03) Channel spacing : 25 kHz (ERC-Recommendation 70-03) Channel number : 10 (Channel 0 → Channel 9) first channel at 869.4125 MHz Radio bit rate : 9.6 kbits/s Temperature range : Operation : Storage : -20°C to +55 °C -40°C to +85 °C Relative humidity : Operation : Storage : 20% to 75% RH 0% to 95% Transmission Output Power : Typ. Max. Selectable by software High power : +26 dBm +27dBm under 50 Ohms +28 dBm Low power : +13 dBm +14dBm under 50 Ohms +15 dBm Modulation : ACP : Min. FSK with ±3kHz deviation and GMSK shaping - Spurious out of the Under the following limits : band : - -37 dBm B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL Reception Sensitivity for CER <10-3 : 7 Min. Typ. Max. -109 dBm -111 dBm under 50 Ohms - Saturation for CER < 10-3 : up to 0 dBm under 50 Ohms Remaining CER : < 1.10- 6 at –50 dBm - 70 dB protection between channels - Below 1 GHz : - - -57 dBm Over 1 GHz : - - -47 dBm Selectivity : Spurious leakage : III.3. Antenna Characteristics There is a possibility of an antenna (a λ/2 antenna from BONDALE Electronic) which is the same than for the module B868-power. Loss : Approximately 2 dB Connection : 6.5 cm coaxial cable to solder Fixing : Screw III.4. Digital Characteristics Processor : Micro-controller RISC 16 bits with Flash memory Memory : Flash > 48KB Serial link : Full Duplex, from 1200 to 38400 Bauds Protocol Type : RS232, RS485, RS422 or TTL Flux control : Software (Xon/Xoff) & Hardware (RTS/CTS) Specific signals : Outputs : Ack_Tx, Tx/Rx et RSSI (analog) Inputs : Stand-By, RSSI I/O : IO1 to IO6, analog or digital I/O Firmware flashing : TxD_Flash, RxD_Flash et TCK_Flash III.5. Power Supply Characteristics Voltage : +3.6 volts regulated (±5%) Consumption : Transmission : < 600 mA (typical 500 mA) Reception : < 60 mA (typical 50 mA) Stand-by : < 15 µA 8 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL CHAPTER IV. IV.1. Block Diagram DESCRIPTION OF THE MODULE B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL 9 IV.2. Board/Host Interface The B868MC-power module communicates with its host via a connector and an associated cable : they carry all the signals from the serial link and control (see description below). The connector chosen is the « Delta-Ribbon » from 3M (DIP 26-point angled connector). Drawings of the connector are available in Annex 2. • Interface function Pin 1&2 Pin out of the connector I/O Signal level µC function VD D - 3,6V Power supply 3,6 volts 3 4 RxD_TTL TxD_TTL I O TTL TTL RxD UART : Serial data Reception TxD UART : Serial data Transmission 5 6 RTS_TTL CTS_TTL I O TTL TTL RT S: Request To Send CTS : Clear To Send (INACTIVE) 7 8 Ack_Tx Tx/Rx O O TTL TTL Radio transmission Ok Serial link in reception or transmission 9 10 Stand-By NC I - TTL - Stand-By On/Off. Not connected 11 CLK_Flash I TTL 12 RESET I TTL 13 RxD_Flash or RS232/RS485 I TTL 14 TxD_Flash O TTL Flashing : Clock input during firmware flashing External Reset Also used during firmware flashing Flashing : Data input during firmware flashing Normal : Choice RS232 or RS422/485 on the serial link Flashing : Data output during firmware flashing 15 I/O1 I/O Analog or digital input/output 16 RSSI O TTL/ Analog Analog 17 I/O3 I/O Analog or digital input/output 18 I/O2 I/O 19 I/O5 I/O TTL/ Analog TTL/ Analog TTL/ Analog 20 I/O4 I/O 21 RxD – A I 22 TxD – Z(B) O 23 RTS – Y(A) I 24 CTS – B O 25 & 26 GND - RSSI Analog or digital input/output Analog or digital input/output TTL/ Analog or digital input/output Analog RS232 or RxD RS232 : Serial data Reception RS485/422 A(Rx+) RS422 RS232 or TxD RS232 : Serial data Transmission RS485/422 Z(Tx-) RS422 or B(Tx/Rx-) RS485. RS232 or RTS RS232 : Request To Send. RS485/422 Y(Tx+) RS422 or A(Tx/Rx+) RS485. RS232 or CTS : Clear To Send. RS485/422 B(Rx-) RS422. 0V Ground 10 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL • Description of the signals RESET : Reset hardware of the modem card. Maximum Duration: 200 ms. Active on low. ACK_TX : Indicates that the buffer transmission has been executed correctly. This signal is valid at the end of the transmission of a radio message (Active RTS Signal) and is kept until RTS returns to inactive. Active (buffer transmitted) on low. xx_Flash : Signals for the Flash programming of the Modem from the host. There are three signals: RxD, TxD and Clock. When the host wants to read and/or modify the Flash, the modem must absolutely be in reset by activating the RESET Signal. RS232/RS485 : Indicates if the serial link is RS232 (active on low) or RS485/422 (active on high). High by default. CTS : Clear To Send: signal into the Modem. Indicates if the modem can send serial data to the User (Active on low) or not (Inactive on high). RTS : Request To Send: signal going out of the Modem. Indicates that the user can transmit serial data (Active on low) or not (Inactive on high). This signal switches when the serial reception buffer's filling rate reaches a programmable threshold (S218) or when the user finished transmitting serial data (out on Time -Out). TxD, RxD : Serial link signals in NRZ format. TxD is for the data going out of the Modem while RxD is for the data coming into the Modem. Logical '1' is represented by high. Tx/Rx : Indicates that the serial link is on reception or emission mode. This signal can be used with a half-duplex interface (typical a RS-485). Signal Active (serial on reception mode) on low. Stand-By : Stand-by signal for the modem. Active on high. I/Ox : Analog Input (12 bits) or Logic Input/Output. Not used in Standard firmware, these E/S can be used in a specific firmware or in the future Standard Firmware. Used as Logic Input for the moment. B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL CHAPTER V. 11 DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONALITY V.1. General concept One RF Technology modems and boards parameters are set through the use of Hayes type commands sent on the serial link. Hayes or 'AT' commands complies with Hayes protocol used in PSTN modem standards. This ‘AT’ protocol or Hayes mode is used to configure the modem parameters, based on the following principles: ð ð ð A data frame always begins with the two ASCII ’AT’ characters, standing for ‘ATtention’ Commands are coded over one or several characters and may include additional data A given command always ends up with a <CR> Carriage Return A T Command Additional data <CR> Note: The delay between 2 characters of the same command must be less than 10 seconds The only exception to this data-framing rule is the switching command from the operating/communication mode to ‘AT Mode’. In this case only, the escape code (‘+++’) must be started and followed by a silent time at least equal to the serial time out. In this case only <AT> and <CR> shall not be used. These three + characters must be sent as one frame. The use of the keyboard to type them will not work. If you use a terminal, you will have to copy/paste them. Despite its similarity to standard telecommunication modem, ONE RF modems and boards remain radio link modems and are consequently fitted with some particular and specific ‘AT’ commands proper to radio transmission (I.e. communication channel, radio rate, ...). 12 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL V.2. Commands Command Description Operating mode +++ ATO AT/V AT/S Hayes Mode Activation ‘+++’ command gives an instant access to the modem’s parameters configuration mode (Hayes or AT mode), whatever the current operating mode in process might be. ‘+++’ command should be entered as one string, i.e. it should not be preceded by ‘AT’ and followed by <CR> but two silent times which duration is configurable via S214 register (Serial time-out). The time between two ‘+’ must not exceed the time -out value. Hayes mode inactivates radio functions. Communication mode activation ‘ATO’ command gives an instant access to the modem’s operating mode, configured in S220 register. ‘ATO’ comma nd is used to get out of Hayes mode. Answer : OK or ERROR if the configuration in not complete Modem’s firmware version ‘AT/V’ command displays the modem’s firmware version number as follows: Version <Product>: vX.YZn (refer to the firmware version history appendix). Modem’s registers status ‘AT/S’ command displays a dynamic and clear status of all relevant registers of the modem with the following categories: • Radio • Serial link • Operation Depending on the operating mode configured via S220, the following categories will be dynamically displayed: • Network • Telemetry Register interrogation ATSn? ATSn=m ATR ‘ATSn?’ command displays the content of Hayes register number n (Refer to the register description table). Some registers are standard for every One RF modems while others are specific to some products. Answer : Sn=x<CR> Register modification ‘ATSn=m’ command configures Hayes register number n with the value m, e.g. ATS200=4<CR> enters the value ‘4’ in the register S200. The value is automatically stored in the EEPROM memory. Answer : OK or ERRORxx (Refer to the Error codes table) Parameters reset ‘ATR’ command resets all modem’s parameters to their default values. Answer : OK B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL Command Description Test functions RSSI value indication (Received Signal Strength Indication) ATNx ATT0 ATT1 ATT2 ATT3 ATT4 ‘ATN1’ : RSSI on current channel in use (S200) in dB RSSI : -71 dB (+/- 10dB).<CR><LF> ‘ATN2’ : RSSI on current channel in use (S200) in mV RSSI : 0 mV.<CR><LF> ‘ATN1’ : RSSI of last received message in dB Last Receive RSSI : -84 dB.<CR><LF> Pure carrier transmission for testing purposes F2 modulated carrier transmission for testing purposes F3 modulated carrier transmission for testing purposes F4 modulated carrier transmission for testing purposes F5 modulated carrier transmission for testing purposes The modem’s response to any AT command is as follows: Ø If the command is correct, the modem answers ‘OK<CR>’ Ø If the command is not applicable, the modem answers ‘ERROR xx<CR>’. See §IV.4 for error codes 13 14 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL V.3. Registers Detailed Use The parameters to be configured via Hayes mode are stored in the modem’s permanent memory, called S registers. Those registers are always listed as follows: o S20x registers correspond to the radio parameters o S21x registers correspond to the serial parameters o S22x registers correspond to the general operation parameters o S25x registers correspond to the network operation parameters o S26x to S28x registers correspond to the I/O operation parameters (only for modem M868MCpower in IP65 box) • Radio Configuration: The Radio configuration is set via the S20x registers. Through them, you can: Ä Change Radio Channel : S200, Ä Change the radio baud rate : S201, Ä Modify the carrier length : S204, nd Ä Set the 2 radio channel used for the Repeater mode : S207, Ä Temporarily change the radio channel: S208. The radio parameters are preferably set in the following order : Ø Change the radio baud rate: S201 This register allows changing the radio baud rate. The default setting is ‘1’ for normal B868MC-power functioning at 9.6kb/s. S201 value 0 1 Radio baud rate 4.8 kb/s 9.6 kb/s When compatibility with the B868MC-tiny is chosen (see register S222), this register is automatically set to ‘0’ . Ø Radio channel assignment : S200 This register sets the radio channel used for the communication. The B868MC-power can use any of 10 channels (0 to 9), spaced by 25 KHz and starting at 869.4125 MHz. Channel 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Frequency 869.4125 MHz 869.4375 MHz 869.4625 MHz 869.4875 MHz 869.5125 MHz 869.5375 MHz 869.5625 MHz 869.5875 MHz 869.6125 MHz 869.6375 MHz The B868MC-power modems must be on the same channel to communicate. The default value for this register is S200=0 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL If more than one group of B868MC-power have to be present in the same area, each must be set to a different radio channel to be able to communicate without interference from the other groups. Each channel must be chosen as far as possible from the others to avoid inter channel interferences. For example, if two B868MC-power groups are set in the same room, one will be on channel 0, and the other on one of the last channels (7 to 9). Ø Radio carrier length : S204 This register sets the duration (in milliseconds) of the radio carrier sent before the data. It serves as synchronisation frame for the receiver(s). The default value is 10 milliseconds (S204=10). Usually, this register is not modified. However, in some hostile environment (metallic parts, vibrations…), it can be raised to 20ms in order to have a more reliable synchronisation thus a more reliable communication. . This will lower the over air throughput as it increases the non-data use of the radio. nd Ø 2 radio channel use for the Repeater mode: S207 This register defines a second channel for use in Repeater mode. The default value is 5. In Repeater mode, the B868MC-power will scan continuously both channels (S200 and S207). Each frame received on one channel is stored and sent on the other channel. Ø Temporary Radio channel : S208 When the Channel number register S200 is modified, its value is stored in a non-erasable memory. This type of memory is guaranteed for a limited number of rewriting (around 100.000) and if a user wants to change often the radio channel (to control more than one group of modems for example), it can burn the EEPROM memory. To avoid this problem, this register S208 can be used, as it will modify the working channel without storing it in the EEPROM. At reset, the modem will still be set with the value stored in the S200 register. • Serial link configuration : The serial ling configuration is set via the S21x registers. Through them, you can: Ä Set the serial baud rate : S210, Ä Set the number of Data bits : S211, Ä Set the parity : S212, Ä Set the number of stop bits: S213, Ä Set the serial time -out : S214, Ä Set the serial link type : S215, Ä Set the flow control type : S216, Ä Set the buffer size : S218. After each modification in the serial settings, the B868MC-power will answer ‘OK’ with the current configuration, and the changes will be effective imme diately after. 15 16 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL The Serial parameters are preferably set in the following order : Ø Serial Baud rate : S210 This register selects the serial baud rate value. It is linked to the time -out register S214. They can be set with the following values : S210 value Serial baud rate 1 2 3 4 5 (default) 6 7 8 1 200 bps 2 400 bps 4 800 bps 9 600 bps 19 200 bps 38 400 bps 57 600 bps 115 200 bps S214 minimum value 17 9 5 3 2 1 1 1 Warning : If the Timeout (S214) value before the baud rate change is lower than the minimum value with the new baud rate, it must be modified first, and then the baud rate (S2510) Ø Serial timeout setting : S214 The B868MC-power is not able to know when a frame reception is finished on the serial link, but it needs this information to stop radio transmission in transparent mode, or to start sending data in the other modes. This timeout is the indicator used to decide when the data frame is finished: if no character is received for a time equal to this timeout, the data frame is seen as finished and the Modem acts accordingly. The default value is 5 milliseconds. The Timeout value is of course in accordance with the baud rate: it must at least be equal to the length of 2 characters. See the table in the baud rate (S210) part of this chapter. For example, for a 19200 bit per second baud rate, the time to send 1 character (1 start bit + 8 data bits + 1 stop bit) is 521 µs, giving a squared up timeout value of 2 ms. You can set a higher value to this timeout if you have some gaps in the sending of a frame. B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL 17 Ø Serial data format registers : S211, S212 and S213 These registers set the format of the characters sent on the serial link : Ä S211 : Number of data bits. It can take two values, 7 or 8 bits. The default value is 8. Ä S212 : Parity. It can take three values : '1' for No Parity, '2' for Even Parity, or '3' for Odd Parity. The default value is 1. Ä S213 : Number of Stop bits: 1 bit or 2 bits. Default value is 1. The settings for the available configurations are : Format type 8/N/1 8/E/1 8/O/1 8/N/2 8/E/2 8/O/2 7/N/1 7/E/1 7/O/1 7/N/2 7/E/2 7/O/2 Data Bits S211 8 8 Parity S212 1 2 Stop Bits S213 1 1 8 3 1 8 data bits, no parity, 2 stop bits 8 data bits, even parity, 2 stop bits 8 data bits, odd parity, 2 stop bits 8 1 2 8 2 2 8 3 2 7 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit 7 data bits, even parity, 1 stop bit 7 data bits, odd parity, 1 stop bit 7 7 1 2 1 1 7 3 1 7 data bits, no parity, 2 stop bits 7 data bits, even parity, 2 stop bits 7 data bits, odd parity, 2 stop bits 7 1 2 7 2 2 7 3 2 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit 8 data bits, even parity, 1 stop bit 8 data bits, odd parity, 1 stop bit Ø Serial type management : S215 The B868MC-power serial link can be configured to work in any of the 4 following modes: Ä RS232 (S215=0, default value) : This is the standard full duplex serial link. It works on up to 5 signals (3 without flow control): RxD, TxD, RTS, CTS and GND, and uses +/-12V levels. It is the only serial link type allowing flow control. Ä RS422 (S215=1) : Full duplex link on 4 wires(A,B,Y,Z) using voltage difference. Ä RS485 (S215=2) : Half duplex link on 2 wires(A,B) using voltage difference. Ä RS485-Full (S215=3) : Full duplex link on 4 wires(A,B,Y,Z) using voltage difference. Unlike the point-to-point RS422 protocol, it can be used for multipoint operations. 18 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL Ø Flow control management : S216 In transparent mode, the data are sent through the radio link as soon as they arrive. In all the other modes, the data are stored in a buffer, formatted and then sent. Thus, it is necessary to have a control on the serial flow to avoid a buffer overflow and a loss of data. This register works with the Buffer Size register S218, which sets the limit to activate the flow control. The B868MC-power manages the 3 following control types: Ä Hardware or CTS/RTS (S216=0) : The RTS signal from the B868MC-power will authorise the host to transmit data. The other way will be controlled by the CTS signal entering the modem. Ä Software or Xon/Xoff (S216=1) : The B868MC-power sends a Xoff character on the serial link to interrupt the transmission from the host, and a Xon character to resume. This control will only work from the B868MC-power to the host. Ä None (S216=2, default) : The host must manage its outgoing data frames in order not to overflow the buffer. This flow control is available only for RS232 serial link type. The RS485 and RS422 serial links protocols do not include control signals, and the RS485 cannot send Xon/Xoff characters as it is a half-duplex communication. N.B.: In Hayes mode, the flow control is not active to be able to modify these registers without locking the serial link. Ø Serial buffer size: S218 The serial management includes two serial buffers for reception and transmission. The memory size of these buffers is 260 bytes. It works with the flow control, and sets the filling limit when the flow control is activated. There is always a delay between the flow control activation and the actual stop of the flow. Then, the host must adjust the buffer size to be able to store the few bytes sent after the flow control activation. A value of 240 bytes is enough in most of the configurations. B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL • 19 Operating Mode configuration : The explanation for the different modes can be found in the ‘Functionalities and Operation modes’ manual. The Operating mode configuration is set via the S22x registers. Through them, you can: Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Set Set Set Set Set the the the the the operating mode : S220, Auto repeat : S221, functioning mode : S222, number of retries: S223, number of repeaters : S225. The Operating Mode parameters are preferably set in the following order : Ø Functioning mode : S222 This register allows the compatibility with the B868MC-tiny : S222 value 0 (default) 1 Functioning mode Normal functioning between B868MC-power boards Compatible functioning with B868MC-tiny boards When compatible functioning with the B868MC-tiny is chosen, the radio baud rate is automatically set to 4.8kb/s (S201=0). Ø Operation Mode : S220 This is the most significant register : It tells the B868MC-power how it must run. Warning: Each time the Operation mode register S220 is modified, the Network registers S25x are reset to default values depending on the new Operation mode selected to reflect its way of working. The available operation modes are : Value 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Mode Transparent Mode (default) Secured Transparent Mode Network Server Mode Network Client Mode Telemetry Server Mode Telemetry Client Mode Repeater Mode Addressed Secured Mode Demo Mode Master Demo Mode Slave S25x Registers Value Not used S25x=0. S25x=0, S252=255 & S255=1. S25x=0, S255=17. S25x=0, S255=1. S25x=0, S255=1. Not used. S207 active. S25x=0, S255=1. Not used Not used 20 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL Ø Auto repeat activation : S221 This register is used in transparent mode only, and for test purpose. When activated, the modem sends back on the radio each received frame without echoing them on the serial link. This mode gives the possibility to install a B868MC-power in one place without serial link and to test the range limit by sending frames from another modem connected to a computer. The frames sent must be smaller than the buffer’s physical size (260 bytes). Ø Number of repetitions : S223 This register is used in all the modes, except transparent, relay and demo-modes. When the B868MC-power sends a frame in a secured mode (Transparent secured, Addressed secured or Network), it waits for an Acknowledge frame from the remote modem. If it doesn’t receive this acknowledge, it will send the message again up to S223 times until it receives it. This register is set to 2 as default. It is enough in most of the configurations. Ø Number of Repeaters : S225 This register can be used in all modes except Network, as its protocol is not compatible with the use of repeaters. When one or more repeaters are used between two (or more) B868MC-power, the number of repeaters between them must be specified in order to compute the transmission time and set the timeout for acknowledge reception. The default value is 0 repeater. • Network mode Configuration : The configuration to use the B868MC-power in Network, Addressed or Telemetry modes is done with the S25x registers. Through them, you can: Ä Set the Network address : S250, Ä Set the Client Address : S252, Ä Set the number of clients : S254, Ä Set the operation options : S255, Ä Set a default address for transmission : S224. The Network Mode parameters are preferably set in the following order: Ø Network Address : S250 When in a Network or Addressed Secured operation, the B868MC-power can communicate only if they are parts of the same ‘network’. There can be up to 65535 network defined, but only one can work in a given area in each radio channel, i.e. in order to place more than one network in the same area, different radio channels must be used instead of different network numbers. The default value is 0. B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL 21 In Network mode, a network consists of 1 server and up to 32 clients, and the communication can go only to or from the server (Star network), with no risk of collision. In Addressed Secured mode, a network consists of up to 65535 modems, each able to communicate with any other. There is no collision avoidance protocol. This register has a special usage : Ä If this register is set to 0, it can be configured with any network number. Ä If this register is different from 0, it must be reset first to 0 before being set to another number. This procedure resets also the registers 252, 254, 255 and 256 to their default values. Ø Network/Addressed Options : S255 When running in Network or Addressed modes, this register contains the option flags used to configure the operation. This register is a group of 6 flag bits (0 to 5) : Ä Header (Bit 0, default 1) : If set to 1, the frames sent on the serial link will be preceded with a header showing the sender address. This frame will be as follows, for each settings of the bit n° 2: ”1=data” if the header is ASCII ”<0x01>data” if the header is numeric. If set to 0, the receiver will not know the origin of the frame. Ä Carriage Return (Bit 1, default 0) : If set to 1, the frame sent on the serial link will be followed by a CR character (<0x0D>). Example "1=Data<CR>" Ä Numeric header (Bit 2, default 0) : Used with bit 0 (Header), it sets the type of header for transmission or reception to ASCII(0) or numeric(1). Ä Automatic Acquisition (Bit 3, default 0) : Used in Network mode only. Defines if the server will automatically acquire and configure a free client in its range (bit3=0), or if the user has to set himself the network registers S250, S252 (on the client) and S254 (on the server). If this bit is set to 0 (Automatic Acquisition), the registers 252 and 254 will be read only. Ä Status answer (Bit 4, default 0) : Defines if the B868MC-power returns a transmission status after sending a frame. If set to 1 (No answer), the modem will give no information if the frame has been received on the remote side or not. If set to 1 (Answer), it returns OK if the acknowledge has been received, ERROR45 otherwise, and ERROR41 whether the frame is invalid (no header, or wrong format). Ä 2 bits numeric header (Bit 5, default 0) : Used with bits 0 and 2, in Addressed Secured mode. Defines if the numeric header is on 1 byte (0) for less than 256 modems, or 2 bytes (1) for up to 65535 modems. This bit has no effect if the header is ASCII (Bit 2 = 0) The frames sent and received will be as follows if the bit 5 is set to 1: "<0x00><0x01>Data" instead of "<0x01>Data" if this bit is 0. Ø Client Address: S252 If the modem operates in Network Server or in Network Client with Auto Acquisition active, this register is read only and is automatically set by the B868MC-power. Otherwise, the user can set a Client number between 1 and 32 in Network mode, or between 1 and 65535 in Addressed mode. The client numbers must all be different in a network. The default value is 0. 22 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL Ø Number of Clients : S254 This register is used only if the modem operates as Network Server. If the Automatic Acquisition is activated (S255, bit3 to 0), this register is read only and is automatically set by the B868MC-power. This register indicates the highest client number in the network. To get the better speed for the network management, the client numbers must be as small as possible. The default value is 0. Ø Default transmission Address: S256 This register is used only in Addressed Secured mode. If this register is different from 0, the frames received on the serial link will be sent to this address, without any header detection done. This register is useful to set a Network-like system with up to 65534 clients and one server, and/or when the clients are not able to manage the frame header. B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL 23 V.4. Registers Tables Numbers in bold indicate the default value Access Register Name R/W Radio S200 Channel R/W S201 Radio BaudRate R/W S202 Output Power R/W S204 Radio Carrier Length R/W S207 2nd channel W S208 Temporary channel Description Number of the radio channel in use. Between 0 and 8 Default : 0 Indicates the radio link rate Default : 1 : 9.6 Kbps Radio power output 0: 25 mW 1 : 100 mW 2 : 500 mW Indicates the radio carrier length in milliseconds. This carrier is sent before each data frame and is used to synchronize the receiver Default : 10 Used for the repeater mode only : working channel of the second modem Default : 5 Number of the radio channel in use, but not stored in EEPROM : if the modem is switched on – off, the channel will come back to the S200 value. Used to change channel often without burning the EEPROM 24 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL Access R/W Register Name Serial Link S210 Serial Speed. Description Indicates the speed '1': 1200 Bits/s '2': 2400 Bits/s '3': 4800 Bits/s '4': 9600 Bits/s on the Serial Connection '5': 19200 Bits/s '6': 38400 Bits/s ‘7’ : 57600 Bits/s ‘8’ : 115200 Bits/s The time out value must be compatible with the serial speed: Min. timeout (S214) 17 ms 9 ms 5 ms 3 ms 2 ms 1 ms R/W R/W S211 S212 Data Bits Parity R/W S213 R/W S214 Number of Stop bits Serial Link Time Out R/W S215 Serial type R/W S216 Flow Control R/W S218 Buffer Size Serial Speed (S210) 1200 bits/s 2400 bits/s 4800 bits/s 9600 bits/s 19200 bits/s 38400 bits/s Serial Link Data Bits : 7 or 8 bits Serial Link Parity Type: '1': None '2': Even 3': Odd Serial Link Stop Bits. : 1 or 2 bits Indicates the value of the time -out on the serial link. The time out value must be compatible with the serial speed: (see S210 register description) and between 1 and 100 milliseconds Default : 5 Selects the type of serial link used: '0' : RS232 '1' : RS422 '2' : RS485 '3' : RS485 full duplex The selection between RS232 and the other modes is done with the RS232/RS485 hardware signal (pin 8) Indicates flow control type: '0': Hardware: CTS/RTS '1': Software: Xon/Xoff '2': None Indicates the maximum frame s size that will be given to the Modem. When this size is reached, the modem resets the RTS signal. Between 30 and 260 Default : 260 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL Access R/W R/W R/W R/W Register Name 25 Description Operation S220 Function Mode Operation mode of the Modem. '1' : Transparent ‘7’ : Telemetry Client '3' : Transparent '8' : Repeater Secured '9' : Addressed Secured '4' : Network Server ‘10’ : Demo Master '5' : Network Client ‘11’ : Demo Slave ‘6’ : Telemetry Server S221 Auto-Repeat Indicates auto repeat status : Mode ‘0’: Auto-Repetition Off (Default), ‘1 : Auto-Repetition On. S223 Number of Retries Maximum recoveries count in case of problems in non Transparent (Non-Ack response to a message) mode. If this Register is at 0, the frames are not checked and considered as still good (used for the tests). Included between 0 and 255 Default value: 2 S240 Hardware Indicates whether the low power control pin is used low-power Mode or not ‘0’: Off ‘1’: On 26 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL R/W R or R/W (1 ) R or R/W (1 ) R/W Addressed Secured & Network Control S250 Network Number Network Number on 2 Bytes (used for Network and Addressed Secured modes). NOTE: Reset this register to 0 also reset the S252, S253 and S254 registers to 0. Default : 0 S252 Modem Number Network Number on 2 Bytes (used for Network and Addressed Secured modes). S254 Clients Count Gives the Client count of a Network Server Modem. Between 0 and 32. S255 Network Indicates the network’s server’s mode data Configuration transmission configuration. 5 or 6 bits are used depending on the product Default Bits 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 value : 1 2bits Ret Acq NHd CR N° except in Secured Transparent (220=3) and in Network Client (S220=5) where the default value is 16. Ø Bit 'N°': indicates whether the received frame begins with the Client ID (1) or not (0). 'CR': indicates whether the received frame ends with the ‘Carriage Return’ character (0x0D) (1) or not (0). Ø Bit 'BSS': indicates whether the format in Transmission (and in reception, if the Bit 'N°' is activated) is ASCII (1=Data) (0) or Numeric (<0x01>Data) (1). Ø Bit 'Acq': Indicates if Acquisition Mode is automatic in Network mode (0). If not (1), users MUST write and verify ALL network parameters (S250 to S254) on clients and server Ø Bit 'Ret': Indicates if the ‘OK’ should be returned after each radio transmission (0) or not (1) Ø Bit '2bits': In case of a Numeric Header (bit 'NHd'=1) indicates if the header is on 1bit (=0) or 2 bits (=1). Used if you have more than 255 modems in your system. Default Addressee In addressed secured mode, indicates the address to which every radio frame will be sent to (default address). Default : 0 (inactive) Ø Bit R/W S256 (1) : Depends on bit 'Acq' of S255 : If the acquisition is automatic, these registers are Read Only. B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL Access Register Name 27 Description Inputs/ Outputs (only for modem M868MC-power in IP65 box) R/W S260 I/O ports configuration Allows configuring the digital I/O as input or as output. Each I/O is independent of each other and is represented by two bits of that register. I/ I/ I/ I/ I/ O O O O O 5 4 3 2 1 Bits to 00 ð Port equivalent to Logic input Bits to 01 ð Port equivalent to Logic output Bits to 10 ð Port equivalent to analog input Bits to 11 ð Not used Default : 0 (All ports as logic inputs) IP65 casing Warning: See §III.2 for hardware switches settings. R/W S263 I/O configuration (Telemetry server only) R/W S264 Telemetry server stand-by time (Telemetry server only) R/W S265 Telemetry client Stand-by time (Telemetry server only) R/W S270 R S28x Digital I/O ports values I/Ox analog ports values (1<x<5) Indicates whether the server operates in selfcontained mode , i.e. I/O copy mode (S263=1) or not (S263=0) Default : 0 (No I/O copy) Used in I/O copy. Indicates the time in seconds between an answer reception and a command transmission, (in seconds). Included between 0 (immediate answer) and 255. Default : 0 Used in I/O copy. Indicates the time in seconds between a command reception and an answer transmission, (in seconds). Included between 0 (immediate answer) and 255. Default : 0 1-byte register indicating the values of each digital I/O port on 1 bit. 2-byte registers indicating the values of each analog input port on 12 bits in mV. Therefore included between 0 and 3600. 28 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL V.5. Error codes Code Error Hayes commands 01 AT characters are missing in the command 02 Command unknown or unauthorized in the current configuration 03 Register unknown 04 07 08 Register content not correct. Refer to the registers description for various limitations Serial speed modification impossible because of low time -out. Time-out should be modified before serial speed. Time-out modification impossible because of high serial speed. Serial speed should be modified before time -out 09 The addressing is missing in the command (Client ID =) 10 Channels to be scanned not correct 11 Command not correct. The client must have a network ID different from 0 12 Command not correct. The server must have a network ID different from 0 13 Client activation impossible. The network ID must be different from 0 14 Server activation impossible. The network ID must be different from 0 15 16 17 18 19 Radio speed modification impossible because of high serial speed. Serial speed should be modified before radio speed Serial speed modification impossible because of low radio speed. Radio speed should be modified before serial speed Radio speed modification impossible because of high number of channels. Number of channels should be modified before radio speed Repeater mode only. Radio speed modification impossible because channel N°2 is above the number of channels limit. Channel N°2 should be modified before radio speed Repeater not allowed in network Telemetry mode 31 Transmission to client impossible: No client response or radio noise 32 Telemetry client not responding to command 33 Telemetry client’s answer format not valid Network / Addressed secured mode 40 Command not valid 41 Client ID not valid on server 44 Client ID not found on server 45 Transmission to client impossible: No client response or radio noise B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL CHAPTER VI. 29 APPENDIX 30 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL VI.1. ETSI 300-220 Standards (Summary) B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL 31 32 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL VI.2. Connector « Delta Ribbon » 33 34 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL VI.3. Mechanical Drawing Note: Dimensions are in millimeters. Red and Green Led for function indicator Antenna connector Delta Ribbon connector B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL 35 VI.4. Antenna Connection Here is an example of the coaxial cable connection of the 868MHz antenna provided with the B868MC-power. The hot and cold point can easily be seen before and after the soldering process. "Hot" point where to connect the cable core Coaxial cable connected to the antenna "Cold" point where to connect the breading of the cable (ground) “Hot” point only used for tests 36 B868MC-POWER : TECHNICAL MANUAL VI.5. Document History Revision Date Author Subject 1.0 06/2004 TATOPOULOS X. 1.1 06/2004 GUIVARC’H S. Corrections 1.2 07/2004 PUECH C. Corrections 1.3 08/2004 TATOPOULOS X Creation Add compatibility with Tiny Modules