MIC280 Precision IttyBitty™ Thermal Supervisor General Description Features The MIC280 is a digital thermal supervisor capable of measuring its own internal temperature and that of a remote PN junction. The remote junction may be an inexpensive commodity transistor—e.g., 2N3906—or an embedded thermal diode such as those found in Intel ® ® Pentium II/III/IV CPUs, AMD Athlon CPUs, and Xilinx ® ® Virtex FPGAs. A 2-wire SMBus 2.0-compatible serial interface is provided for host communication. Remote temperature is measured with ±1°C accuracy and 9-bit to 12-bit resolution (programmable). Independent high, low, and overtemperature thresholds are provided for each zone. Measures local and remote temperature Highly accurate remote sensing: ±1°C max., 60°C to 100°C Superior noise immunity for reduced temperature guardbands 9-bit to 12-bit temperature resolution for remote zone Fault queues to further reduce nuisance tripping Programmable high, low, and overtemperature thresholds for each zone SMBus 2.0-compatible serial interface including device timeout to prevent bus lockup Voltage-tolerant I/Os Open-drain interrupt output pin – supports SMBus Alert Response Address protocol Low power shutdown mode Locking of critical functions to ensure failsafe operation Failsafe response to diode faults Enables ACPI-compliant thermal management 3.0V to 3.6V power supply range Available in IttyBitty™ SOT23-6 package The advanced integrating A/D converter and analog frontend reduce errors due to noise for maximum accuracy and minimum guardbanding. The interrupt output signals temperature events to the host, including data-ready and diode faults. Critical device settings can be locked to prevent changes and ensure failsafe operation. The clock, data, and interrupt pins are 5V-tolerant regardless of the value of VDD. They will not clamp the bus lines low even if the device is powered down. Superior accuracy, failsafe operation, and small size make the MIC280 an excellent choice for the most demanding thermal management applications. Datasheets and support documentation are available on Micrel’s web site at: www.micrel.com. Applications Desktop, server, and notebook computers Printers and copiers Test and measurement equipment Thermal supervision of Xilinx Virtex FPGAs Wireless/RF systems Intelligent power supplies Datacom/telecom cards Typical Application IttyBitty is a trademark of Micrel, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com May 5, 2014 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Ordering Information Part Number Marking Slave Address Ambient Temp. Range Package MIC280-0YM6 TA00 100 1000b –55° to +125°C SOT23-6 MIC280-1YM6 TA01 100 1001b –55° to +125°C SOT23-6 MIC280-2YM6 TA02 100 1010b –55° to +125°C SOT23-6 MIC280-3YM6 TA03 100 1011b –55° to +125°C SOT23-6 MIC280-4YM6 TA04 100 1100b –55° to +125°C SOT23-6 MIC280-5YM6 TA05 100 1101b –55° to +125°C SOT23-6 MIC280-6YM6 TA06 100 1110b –55° to +125°C SOT23-6 MIC280-7YM6 TA07 100 1111b –55° to +125°C SOT23-6 Note: 1. Underbar (_) may not be to scale. Pin Configuration SOT23-6 (M6) (Top View) Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name 1 VDD Power supply input. 2 GND Ground. 3 T1 4 CLK 5 DATA 6 /INT May 5, 2014 Pin Function Analog input. Connection to remote diode junction. Digital input. Serial bit clock input. Digital input/output. Open-drain. Serial data input/output. Digital output. Open-drain. Interrupt output. 2 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Absolute Maximum Ratings(2) Operating Ratings(3) Power Supply Voltage (VDD)........................................ +3.8V Voltage on T1 ....................................... –0.3V to VDD + 0.3V Voltage on CLK, DATA, /INT............................. –0.3V to 6V Current into Any Pin .................................................. ±10mA Power Dissipation, TA = +125°C .............................. 109mW Storage Temperature (Ts)......................... –65°C to +150°C (4) ESD Ratings Human Body Model ..................................................... 1.5kV Machine Model ............................................................. 200V Soldering (SOT23-6 package) +5 Vapor Phase (60s) ........................................... 220°C /-0°C +5 Infrared (15s) .................................................... 235°C /-0°C Power Supply Voltage (VDD) ........................ +3.0V to +3.6V Ambient Temperature Range (TA) ............ –55°C to +125°C Junction Temperature .............................................. +150°C Junction Thermal Resistance SOT23-6 (JA) .................................................. 230°C/W Electrical Characteristics(5, 6) (3) VDD = 3.3V; TA = 25°C, unless noted. Bold values indicate –55°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C, 3.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6V, unless noted . Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Units 0.23 0.4 mA Power Supply /INT, T1 open; CLK = DATA = High; Normal mode IDD Supply Current Shutdown mode; /INT, T1 open; Note 7 CLK = 100kHz, DATA = High 9 µA Shutdown mode; /INT, T1 open; CLK = DATA = High 6 µA µs tPOR Power-on Reset Time, Note 7 VDD > VPOR 200 VPOR Power-on Reset Voltage All registers reset to default values; A/D conversions initiated 2.65 VHYST Power-on Reset Hysteresis Voltage, Note 7 2.95 V 300 mV Temperature-to-Digital Converter Characteristics Accuracy, Remote Temperature Notes 3, 9, 12, 13 Accuracy, Local Temperature Notes 3, 12 tCONV Conversion Time Notes 3, 10 May 5, 2014 60°C ≤ TD ≤ 100°C 3.15V < VDD < 3.45V, 25°C < TA < 85°C ±0.25 ±1 °C 0°C ≤ TD ≤ 100°C 3.15V < VDD < 3.45V, 25°C < TA < 85°C ±1 ±2 °C –55°C ≤ TD ≤ 125°C 3.15V < VDD < 3.45V, 25°C < TA < 85°C ±2 ±4 °C 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 100°C, 3.15V < VDD < 3.45V ±1 ±2 °C –55°C ≤ TA ≤ 125°C, 3.15V < VDD < 3.45V ±1.5 ±2.5 °C RES[1:0]=00 (9 bits) 200 240 ms RES[1:0]=01 (10 bits) 330 390 ms RES[1:0]=10 (11 bits) 570 670 ms RES[1:0]=11 (12 bits) 1000 1250 ms 3 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Electrical Characteristics(5, 6) (Continued) (3) VDD = 3.3V; TA = 25°C, unless noted. Bold values indicate –55°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C, 3.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6V, unless noted . Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Units 192 400 µA Remote Temperature Input, T1 IF Current into External Diode Note 7 T1 forced to 1.0V, High level 7 Low level 12 µA Serial Data I/O Pin, DATA VOL Low Output Voltage, Note 6 IOL = 3mA 0.3 V IOL = 6mA 0.5 V 0.8 V 5.5 V VIL Low Input Voltage 3V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6V VIH High Input Voltage 3V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6V CIN Input Capacitance Note 7 ILEAK Input Current 2.1 10 pF ±1 µA 0.8 V 5.5 V Serial Clock Input, CLK VIL Low Input Voltage 3V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6V VIH High Input Voltage 3V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6V CIN Input Capacitance Note 7 ILEAK Input Current 2.1 10 pF ±1 µA IOL = 3mA 0.3 V IOL = 6mA 0.5 V Interrupt Output, /INT VOL Low Output Voltage, Note 6 tINT Interrupt Propagation Delay Notes 7, 8 From TEMPx < TLOWx or TEMPx > THIGHx or TEMPx > CRITx to /INT < VOL, RPULLUP = 10kΩ [tCONV] ms tnINT Interrupt Reset Propagation Delay, Notes 7, 11 From read of STATUS or A.R.A. to /INT > VOH RPULLUP = 10kΩ 1 µs ±1 µA ILEAK May 5, 2014 4 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Electrical Characteristics(5, 6) (Continued) (3) VDD = 3.3V; TA = 25°C, unless noted. Bold values indicate –55°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C, 3.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6V, unless noted . Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Units Serial Interface Timing t1 CLK (clock) Period 2.5 µs t2 Data In Setup Time to CLK High 100 ns t3 Data Out Stable after CLK Low 300 ns t4 Data Low Setup Time to CLK Low Start Condition 100 ns t5 Data High Hold Time after CLK High Stop Condition 100 ns tTO Bus Timeout 25 30 35 ms Notes: 2. Exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. 3. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating ratings. Final test on outgoing product is performed at TA = 25°C. 4. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions are recommended. Human body model, 1.5kΩ in series with 100pF. 5. Specification for packaged product only. 6. Current into the /INT or DATA pins will result in self heating of the device. Sink current should be minimized for best accuracy. 7. Guaranteed by design over the operating temperature range. Not 100% production tested. 8. tINT and tCRIT are equal to tCONV. 9. TD is the temperature of the remote diode junction. Testing is performed using a single unit of one of the transistors listed in Table 8. 10. tCONV = tCONV(local) + tCONV(remote). Following the acquisition of either remote or local temperature data, the limit comparisons for that zone are performed and the device status updated. Status bits will be set and /INT driven active, if applicable. 11. The interrupt reset propagation delay is dominated by the capacitance on the bus. 12. Accuracy specification does not include quantization noise, which may be up to ±1/2 LSB. 13. Tested at 10-bit resolution. May 5, 2014 5 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Timing Diagram Serial Interface Timing May 5, 2014 6 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Typical Characteristics May 5, 2014 7 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Typical Characteristics (Continued) May 5, 2014 8 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Slave Address The MIC280 will only respond to its own unique slave address. A match between the MIC280’s address and the address specified in the serial bit stream must be made to initiate communication. The MIC280’s slave address is fixed at the time of manufacture. Eight different slave addresses are available as determined by the part number. See Table 1 below and the Ordering Information table. Functional Description Serial Port Operation The MIC280 uses standard SMBus Write_Byte, Read_Byte, and Read_Word operations for communication with its host. The SMBus Write_Byte operation involves sending the device’s slave address (with the R/W bit low, to signal a write operation), followed by a command byte and the data byte. The SMBus Read_Byte operation is a composite write and read operation: the host first sends the device’s slave address followed by the command byte, as in a write operation. A new start bit must then be sent to the MIC280, followed by a repeat of the slave address with the R/W bit (LSB) set to the high (read) state. The data to be read from the part may then be clocked out. A Read_Word is similar, but two successive data bytes are clocked out rather than one. These protocols are shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3. Table 1. MIC280 Slave Addresses The Command byte is eight bits (one byte) wide. This byte carries the address of the MIC280 register to be operated upon. The command byte values corresponding to the various MIC280 registers are shown in Table 2. Other command byte values are reserved, and should not be used. Part Number Slave Address MIC280-0YM6 100 1000b = 48h MIC280-1YM6 100 1001b = 49h MIC280-2YM6 100 1010b = 4Ah MIC280-3YM6 100 1011b = 4Bh MIC280-4YM6 100 1100b = 4Ch MIC280-5YM6 100 1101b = 4Dh MIC280-6YM6 100 1110b = 4Eh MIC280-7YM6 100 1111b = 4Fh Table 2. MIC280 Register Addresses Target Register Label Description TEMP0 Command Byte Value Power-on Default Read Write Local temperature result 00h n/a 00h (0°C) TEMP1h Remote temperature result, high byte 01h n/a 00h (0°C) STATUS Status 02h n/a 00h CONFIG Configuration 03h 03h 80h IMASK Interrupt mask register 04h 04h 07h THIGH0 Local temperature high limit 05h 05h 3Ch (60°C) TLOW0 Local temperature low limit 06h 06h 00h (0°C) THIGH1h Remote temperature high limit, high byte 07h 07h 50h (80°C) TLOW1h Remote temperature low limit, high byte 08h 08h 00h (0°C) LOCK Security register 09h 09h 00h TEMP1l Remote temperature result, low byte 10h n/a 00h THIGH1l Remote temperature high limit, low byte 13h 13h 00h TLOW1l Remote temperature low limit, low byte 14h 14h 00h CRIT1 Remote overtemperature limit 19h 19h 64h (100°C) CRIT0 Local overtemperature limit 20h 20h 46h (70°C) MFG_ID Manufacturer identification FEh n/a 2Ah DEV_ID Device and revision identification FFh n/a 0xh* *The lower nibble contains the die revision level, e.g., Rev 0 = 00h. May 5, 2014 9 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Alert Response Address In addition to the Read_Byte, Write_Byte, and Read_Word protocols, the MIC280 adheres to the SMBus protocol for response to the Alert Response Address (ARA). The MIC280 expects to be interrogated using the ARA when it has as- serted its /INT output. The A-D converter resolution for zone 1 is selectable from nine to twelve bits via the configuration register. Low-order bits beyond the resolution selected will be reported as zeroes. Examples of this format are shown in Table 5. Fault Queue A set of fault queues (programmable digital filters) are provided in the MIC280 to prevent false tripping due to thermal or electrical noise. Two bits, CONFIG[5:4], set the depth of the fault queues. The fault queue setting then determines the number of consecutive temperature events (TEMPx > THIGHx or TEMPx < TLOWx) which must occur in order for the condition to be considered valid. As an example, assume CONFIG[5:4] is programmed with 10b. The measured temperature for a given zone would have to exceed THIGHx for four consecutive A/D conversions before /INT would be asserted or the status bit set. Temperature Data Format The least-significant bit of each temperature register (high bytes) represents one degree Centigrade. The values are in a two’s complement format, wherein the most significant bit (D7) represents the sign: zero for positive temperatures and one for negative temperatures. Table 3 shows examples of the data used by the MIC280 for temperatures. Table 3. Digital Temperature Format, High Bytes Temperature Binary Hex +127°C 0111 1111 7F +125°C 0111 1101 7D +25°C 0001 1001 19 +1°C 0000 0001 01 0°C 0000 0000 00 –1°C 1111 1111 FF –25°C 1110 0111 E7 –125°C 1000 0011 83 –128°C 1000 0000 80 Like any filter, the fault queue function also has the effect of delaying the detection of temperature events. In this example, it would take 4 × tCONV to detect a temperature event. The fault queue depth versus CONFIG[5:4] of the configuration register is shown in Table 4. Note: there is no fault queue for overtemperature events (CRIT0 and CRIT1) or diode faults. The fault queue applies only to high-temperature and low-temperature events as determined by the THIGHx and TLOWx registers. Any write to CONFIG will result in the fault queues being purged and reset. Writes to any of the limit registers, TLOWx or THIGHx, will result in the fault queue for the corresponding zone being purged and reset. Extended temperature resolution is provided for the external zone. The high and low temperature limits and the measured temperature for zone one are reported as 12-bit values stored in a pair of 8-bit registers. The measured temperature, for example, is reported in registers TEMP1h, the high-order byte, and TEMP1l, the low-order byte. The values in the low-order bytes are leftjustified four-bit binary values representing one-sixteenth degree increments. May 5, 2014 Table 4. Fault Queue Depth Settings 10 CONFIG[5:4] Fault Queue Depth 00 1 (Default) 01 2 10 4 11 6 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Table 5. Digital Temperature Format, Low Bytes Resolution Extended Temperature Low Byte 9 BITS Binary 10 BITS Hex Binary 11 Bits Hex Binary 12 BITS Hex Binary Hex 0.0000 0000 0000 00 0000 0000 00 0000 0000 00 0000 0000 00 0.0625 0000 0000 00 0000 0000 00 0000 0000 00 0001 0000 10 0.1250 0000 0000 00 0000 0000 00 0010 0000 20 0010 0000 20 0.2500 0000 0000 00 0100 0000 40 0100 0000 40 0100 0000 40 0.5625 1000 0000 80 1000 0000 80 1000 0000 80 1001 0000 90 0.9375 1000 0000 80 1100 0000 C0 1110 0000 E0 1111 0000 F0 Interrupt Generation There are eight different conditions that will cause the MIC280 to set one of the bits in STATUS and assert its /INT output, if so enabled. These conditions are listed in Table 6. Unlike previous generations of thermal supervisor ICs, there are no interdependencies between any of these conditions. That is, if CONDITION is true, the MIC280 will respond accordingly, regardless of any previous or currently pending events. between the assertion of /INT and servicing of the MIC280 by the host. The interrupt service routine should allow for this eventuality. At the end of the interrupt service routine, the interrupt enable bits should be reset to permit future interrupts. Reading the Result Registers All MIC280 registers are eight bits wide and may be accessed using the standard Read_Byte protocol. The temperature result for the local zone, zone 0, is a single 8-bit value in register TEMP0. A single Read_Byte operation by the host is sufficient for retrieving this value. The temperature result for the remote zone is a twelve-bit value split across two eight-bit registers, TEMP1h and TEMP1l. A series of two Read_Byte operations are needed to obtain the entire twelve-bit temperature result for zone 1. It is possible under certain conditions that the temperature result for zone 1 could be updated between the time TEMP1l or TEMP1h is read and the companion register is read. In order to ensure coherency, TEMP1h supports the use of the Read_Word protocol for accessing both TEMP1h and TEMP1l with a single operation. This ensures that the values in both result registers are from the same ADC cycle. This is illustrated in Figure 3. Read_Word operations are only supported for TEMP1h: TEMP1l, i.e., only for command byte values of 01h. Normally when a temperature event occurs, the corresponding status bit will be set in STATUS, the corresponding interrupt mask bit will be cleared, and /INT will be asserted. Clearing the interrupt mask bit(s) prohibits continuous interrupt generation while the device is being serviced. It is possible to prevent events from clearing interrupt mask bits by setting bits in the lock register. See Table 7 for Lockbit functionality. A temperature event will only set bits in the status register if it is specifically enabled by the corresponding bit in the interrupt mask register. An interrupt signal will only be generated on /INT if interrupts are also globally enabled (IE = 1 in CONFIG). The MIC280 expects to be interrogated using the Alert Response Address once it has asserted its interrupt output. Following an interrupt, a successful response to the A.R.A. or a read operation on STATUS will cause /INT to be de-asserted. STATUS will also be cleared by the read operation. Reading STATUS following an interrupt is an acceptable substitute for using the A.R.A. if the host system does not implement the A.R.A protocol. Figure 4 and Figure 5 illustrate these two methods of responding to MIC280 interrupts. Polling The MIC280 may either be polled by the host or request the host’s attention via the /INT pin. In the case of polled operation, the host periodically reads the contents of STATUS to check the state of the status bits. The act of reading STATUS clears it. If more than one event that sets a given status bit occurs before the host polls STATUS, only the fact that at least one such event has occurred will be apparent to the host. For polled systems, the global interrupt enable bit should be clear (IE = 0). This will disable interrupts from the MIC280 (prevents the /INT pin from sinking current). For interrupt-driven systems, IE must be set to enable the /INT output. Because temperature-to-digital conversions continue while /INT is asserted, the measured temperature could change between the MIC280’s assertion of /INT and the host’s response. It is good practice for the interrupt service routine to read the value in TEMPx to verify that the overtemperature or undertemperature condition still exists. In addition, more than one temperature event may have occurred simultaneously or in rapid succession May 5, 2014 11 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Shutdown Mode Putting the device into shutdown mode by setting the shutdown bit in the configuration register will unconditionally deassert /INT, clear STATUS, and purge the fault queues. Therefore, this should not be done before completing the appropriate interrupt service routine(s). No other registers will be affected by entering shutdown mode. The last temperature readings will persist in the TEMPx registers. Warm Resets The MIC280 can be reset to its power-on default state during operation by setting the RST bit in the configuration register. When this bit is set, /INT will be deasserted, the fault queues will be purged, the limit registers will be restored to their normal power-on default values, and any A/D conversion in progress will be halted and the results discarded. This includes reset- ting bits L3 - L0 in the security register, LOCK. The state of the MIC280 following this operation is indistinguishable from a power-on reset. If the reset bit is set while the MIC280 is shut down, the shutdown bit is cleared and normal operation resumes from the reset state. The MIC280 can be prevented from entering shutdown mode using the shutdown lockout bit in the lock register. If L3 in LOCK is set while the MIC280 is in shutdown mode, it will immediately exit shutdown mode and resume normal operation. It will not be possible to subsequently re-enter shutdown mode. If the reset bit is set while the MIC280 is shut down, normal operation resumes from the reset state. If bit 4 of LOCK, the Warm Reset Lockout Bit, is set, warm resets cannot be initiated, and writes to the RST bit will be completely ignored. Setting L4 while the MIC280 is shut down will result in the device exiting shutdown mode and resuming normal operation, just as if the shutdown bit had been cleared. Table 6. MIC280 Temperature Events (14) Event Condition MIC280 Response Data ready A/D conversions complete for both zones; result registers updated; state of /INT updated Set S7, clear IM7, assert /INT Overtemperature, remote ([TEMP1h:TEMP1l]) >CRIT1 Set S1, assert /INT Overtemperature, local TEMP0 >CRIT0 High temperature, remote High temperature, local Low temperature, remote Set S0, assert /INT ([TEMP1h:TEMP1l]) >[THIGH1h:THIGH1l] TEMP0 >THIGH0 (15) (15) Set S4, clear IM4, assert /INT Set S6, clear IM6, assert /INT ([TEMP1h:TEMP1l]) <[TLOW1h:TLOW1l] (15) Low temperature, local TEMP0 <TLOW0 Diode fault T1 open or T1 shorted to VDD or GND (15) Set S3, clear IM3, assert /INT Set S5, clear IM5, assert /INT Set S2, clear IM2, assert /INT Notes: 14. Assumes interrupts enabled. 15. CONDITION must be true for Fault_Queue conversions to be recognized. May 5, 2014 12 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Figure 1. WRITE_BYTE Protocol Figure 2. READ_BYTE Protocol Figure 3. READ_WORD Protocol for Accessing TEMP1h : TEMP1l May 5, 2014 13 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Figure 4. MIC280 Alert Response Address Protocol Figure 5. Reading Status in Response to an Interrupt May 5, 2014 14 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 corresponding interrupt enable bit are locked out. A local overtemperature event will generate an interrupt regardless of the setting of IE or its interrupt mask bit. Configuration Locking The security register, LOCK, provides the ability to disable configuration changes as they apply to the MIC280’s most critical functions: shutdown mode, and reporting diode faults and overtemperature events. LOCK provides a way to prevent malicious or accidental changes to the MIC280 registers that might prevent a system from responding properly to critical events. Once L0, L1, or L2 has been set, the global interrupt enable bit, IE, will be set and fixed. It cannot subsequently be cleared. Its state will be reflected in the configuration register. The bits in LOCK can only be set once. That is, once a bit is set, it cannot be reset until the MIC280 is power-cycled or a warm reset is performed by setting RST in the configuration register. The warm reset function can be disabled by setting L4 in LOCK. If L4 is set, locked settings cannot be changed during operation and warm resets cannot be performed; only a powercycle will reset the locked state(s). If L1 is set, the values of IM1 and CRIT1 become fixed and unchangeable. A remote over-temperature event will generate an interrupt regardless of the setting of IE or its interrupt mask bit. Similarly, setting L2 will fix the state of IM2, allowing the system to permanently enable or disable diode fault interrupts. A diode fault will generate an interrupt regardless of the setting of IE or its interrupt mask bit. L3 can be used to lock out shutdown mode. If L3 is set, the MIC280 will not shut down under any circumstances. Attempts to set the SHDN bit will be ignored and all chip functions will remain operational. If L3 is set while the MIC280 is in shutdown mode, it will immediately exit shutdown mode and resume normal operation. It will not be possible to subsequently re-enter shutdown mode. Setting L4 disables the RST bit in the configuration register, preventing the host from initiating a warm reset. Writes to RST will be completely ignored if L4 is set. If L0 is set, the values of IM0 and CRIT0 become fixed and unchangeable. That is, writes to CRIT0 and the Table 7. Lock bit functionality Lock Bit Function Locked Response When Set L0 Local over-temperature detection IM0 fixed at 1, writes to CRIT0 locked-out; IE permanently set L1 Remote over-temperature detection IM1 fixed at 1; writes to CRIT1 locked-out; IE permanently set L2 Diode fault interrupts locked on or off IM2 fixed at current state; IE permanently set if IM2=1 L3 Shutdown mode SHDN fixed at 0; exit shutdown if SHDN=1 when L3 is set L4 Warm resets RST bit disabled; cannot initiate Warm resets May 5, 2014 15 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Detailed Register Descriptions Local Temperature Result Register (TEMP0) 8-bits, Read-Only Temperature Data from ADC Local Temperature Result Register D[7] read-only Bit D[7:0] D[6] read-only D[5] read-only D[4] read-only D[3] read-only D[2] read-only D[1] read-only Function Operation Measured temperature data for the local zone. Read-only Power-up default value: 0000 0000b = 00h = (0°C) D[0] read-only (16) Read command byte: 0000 0000b = 00h Each LSB represents one degree centigrade. The values are in a twos complement binary format such that 0°C is reported as 0000 0000b. See the Temperature Data Format section for more details. Note: 16. TEMP0 will contain measured temperature data after the completion of one conversion. Remote Temperature Result High-Byte Register (TEMP1h) 8-bits, Read-Only Temperature Data from ADC Remote Temperature Result High-Byte Register D[7] read-only Bit D[7:0] D[6] read-only D[5] read-only D[4] read-only D[3] read-only D[2] read-only D[1] read-only Function Operation Measured temperature data for the remote zone, most significant byte. Read-only Power-up default value: 0000 0000b = 00h = (0°C) D[0] read-only (17) Read command byte: 0000 0001b = 01h Each LSB represents one degree centigrade. The values are in a twos complement binary format such that 0°C is reported as 0000 0000b. See the Temperature Data Format section for more details. TEMP1h can be read using either a Read_Byte operation or a Read_Word operation. Using Read_Byte will yield the 8-bit value in TEMP1h. The complete remote temperature result in both TEMP1h and TEMP1l may be obtained by performing a Read_Word operation on TEMP1h. The MIC280 will respond to a Read_Word with a command byte of 01h (TEMP1h) by returning the value in TEMP1h followed by the value in TEMP1l. This guarantees that the data in both registers is from the same temperature-to-digital conversion cycle. The Read_Word operation is diagrammed in Figure 3. This is the only MIC280 register that supports Read_Word. Note: 17. TEMP0 will contain measured temperature data after the completion of one conversion. May 5, 2014 16 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Status Register (STATUS) 8-bits, Read-Only Status Register D[7] read-only D[6] read-only D[5] read-only D[4] read-only D[3] read-only D[2] read-only D[1] read-only D[0] read-only S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 S0 Operation (18) Bit Function S7 Data ready S6 Local high temperature event 1 = event occurred, 0 = none S5 Local low temperature event 1 = event occurred, 0 = none S4 Remote high temperature event 1 = event occurred, 0 = none S3 Remote low temperature event 1 = event occurred, 0 = none S2 Diode fault S1 Remote overtemperature event 1 = event occurred, 0 = none S0 Local overtemperature event 1 = event occurred, 0 = none 1 = data available, 0 = ADC busy 1 = fault, 0 = none Note: 18. All status bits are cleared after any read operation is performed on STATUS. Power-up default value: 0000 0000b = 00h = (no events pending) Read command byte: 0000 0010b = 02h The power-up default value is 00h. Following the first conversion, however, any of the status bits may be set depending on the measured temperature results or the existence of a diode fault. May 5, 2014 17 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Configuration Register (CONFIG) 8-bits, Read/Write Configuration Register D[7] read/write D[6] read/write Interrupt Enable (IE) Shut-down (SHDN) Bit Function IE Interrupt enable SHDN FQ[1:0] RES[1:0] D[5] reserved D[4] reserved D[3] reserved Fault Queue (FQ[1:0]) Resolution (RES[1:0]) D[1] reserved D[0] reserved Reserved Reset (RST) Operation 1 = interrupts enabled, 0 = disabled Selects operating mode: normal/shutdown Depth of fault queue D[2] reserved 1 = shutdown, 0 = normal (19) [00] = 1, [01] = 2, [10] = 4, [11] = 6 A/D converter resolution for external zone; affects conversion rate D[1] Reserved RST Resets all MIC280 functions and restores the power-up default state [00] = 9-bits, [01] = 10-bits, [10] = 11-bits, [11] = 12-bits Always write as zero Write only; 1 = reset, 0 = normal Operation; disabled by setting L4 Note: 19. Any write to CONFIG will result in the fault queues being purged and reset and any A/D conversion in progress being aborted and the result discarded. The A/D will begin a new conversion sequence once the write operation is complete. Power-up default value: 1000 0000b = 80h (not in shutdown mode; interrupts enabled; fault queue depth = 1; resolution = 9-bits) Read/write command byte: 0000 0011b = 03h May 5, 2014 18 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Interrupt Mask Register (IMASK) 8-bits, Read/Write Interrupt Mask Register D[7] read/write D[6] read/write D[5] reserved D[4] reserved D[3] reserved D[2] reserved D[1] reserved D[0] reserved IM7 IM6 IM5 IM4 IM3 IM2 IM1 IM0 Bit Function Operation IM7 Data-ready event mask 1 = enabled, 0 = disabled IM6 Local high temperature event mask 1 = enabled, 0 = disabled IM5 Local low temperature event mask 1 = enabled, 0 = disabled IM4 Remote high temperature event mask 1 = enabled, 0 = disabled IM3 Remote low temperature event mask 1 = enabled, 0 = disabled IM2 Diode fault mask 1 = enabled, 0 = disabled IM1 Remote overtemperature event mask 1 = enabled, 0 = disabled IM0 Local overtemperature event mask 1 = enabled, 0 = disabled Power-up default value: 0000 0111b = 07h (overtemperature and diode faults enabled) Read/write command byte: 0000 0100b = 04h Local Temperature High Limit Register (THIGH0) 8-bits, Read/Write Local Temperature High Limit Register D[7] read/write D[6] read/write D[5] read/write D[4] read/write D[3] read/write D[2] read/write D[1] read/write D[0] read/write High temperature limit for local zone. Bit D[7:0] Function Operation High temperature limit for the local zone. Read/write Power-up default value: 0011 1100b = 3Ch (60°C) Read/write command byte: 0000 0101b = 05h Each LSB represents one degree centigrade. The values are in a two’s complement binary format such that 0°C is reported as 0000 0000b. See Temperature Data Format for more details. Any writes to a temperature limit register will result in the corresponding fault queue being purged and reset. May 5, 2014 19 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Local Temperature Low Limit Register (TLOW0) 8-bits, Read/Write Local Temperature Low Limit Register D[7] read/write D[6] read/write D[5] read/write D[4] read/write D[3] read/write D[2] read/write D[1] read/write D[0] read/write Low temperature limit for local zone. Bit D[7:0] Function Operation Low temperature limit for the local zone. Read/write Power-up default value: 0000 0000b = 00h (0°C) Read/write command byte: 0000 0110b = 06h Each LSB represents one degree centigrade. The values are in a two’s complement binary format such that 0°C is reported as 0000 0000b. See Temperature Data Format for more details. Any writes to a temperature limit register will result in the corresponding fault queue being purged and reset. Remote Temperature High Limit High-Byte Register (THIGH1h) 8-bits, Read/Write Remote Temperature High Limit High-Byte Register D[7] read/write D[6] read/write D[5] read/write D[4] read/write D[3] read/write D[2] read/write D[1] read/write D[0] read/write High temperature limit for remote zone, most significant byte. Bit D[7:0] Function Operation High temperature limit for the remote zone, most significant byte. Read/write Power-up default value: 0101 0000b = 50h (80°C) Read/write command byte: 0000 0111b = 07h Each LSB represents one degree centigrade. The values are in a two’s complement binary format such that 0°C is reported as 0000 0000b. See Temperature Data Format for more details. Any writes to a temperature limit register will result in the corresponding fault queue being purged and reset. May 5, 2014 20 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Remote Temperature Low Limit High-Byte Register (TLOW1h) 8-bits, Read/Write Remote Temperature Low Limit High-Byte Register D[7] read/write D[6] read/write D[5] read/write D[4] read/write D[3] read/write D[2] read/write D[1] read/write D[0] read/write Low temperature limit for remote zone, most significant byte. Bit D[7:0] Function Operation Low temperature limit for the remote zone, most significant byte. Read/write Power-up default value: 0000 0000b = 00h (0°C) Read/write command byte: 0000 1000b = 08h Each LSB represents one degree centigrade. The values are in a two’s complement binary format such that 0°C is reported as 0000 0000b. See Temperature Data Format for more details. Any writes to a temperature limit register will result in the corresponding fault queue being purged and reset. Security Register (LOCK) 8-bits, Write once Security Register D[7] reserved D[6] reserved D[5] reserved D[4] read/writeonce D[3] read/writeonce D[2] read/writeonce D[1] read/writeonce D[0] read/writeonce L4 L3 L2 L1 L0 Reserved Bit Function Operation D[7:5] Reserved Always write as zero L4 Warm-reset lockout bit 1 = RST bit disabled; 0 = unlocked (Error! Reference source not found.) L3 Shutdown mode lockout bit L2 Diode fault event lock bit 1 = locked; 0 = unlocked L1 Remote overtemperature event lock bit 1 = locked; 0 = unlocked L0 Local overtemperature event lock bit 1 = locked; 0 = unlocked 1 = shutdown disabled; 0 = unlocked Power-up default value: 0000 0000b = 00h (all event unlocked) Write command byte: 0000 1001b = 09h May 5, 2014 21 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Remote Temperature Result Low-Byte Register (TLOW1l) 8-bits, Read only Remote Temperature Result Low-Byte Register D[7] read-only D[6] read-only D[5] read-only D[4] read-only D[3] reserved D[2] reserved D[1] reserved D[0] reserved Temperature data from ADC, least significat bits. Reserved always reads zero. Bit Function Operation D[7:4] Measured temperature data for the remote zone, least significant bits. Read only D[3:0] Reserved Always reads as zero Power-up default value: 0000 0000b = 00h (0°C) (20) Read command byte: 0001 0000b = 10h Each LSB represents one-sixteenth degree centigrade. The values are in a binary format such that 1/16th°C (0.0625°C) is reported as 0001 0000b. See Temperature Data Format for more details. TEMP1l can be accessed using a Read_Byte operation. However, the complete remote temperature result in both TEMP1h and TEMP1l may be obtained by performing a Read_Word operation on TEMP1h. The MIC280 will respond to a Read_Word with a command byte of 01h (TEMP1h) by returning the value in TEMP1h followed by the value in TEMP1l. This guarantees that the data in both registers is from the same temperature-to-digital conversion cycle. The Read_Word operation is diagramed in Figure 3. TEMP1h is the only MIC280 register that supports Read_Word. Note: 20. TEMP1l will contain measured temperature data after the completion of one conversion. Remote Temperature High Limit Low-Byte Register (THIGH1l) 8-bits, Read/Write Remote Temperature High Limit Low-Byte Register D[7] read/write D[6] read/write D[5] read/write D[4] read/write D[3] reserved D[2] reserved D[1] reserved D[0] reserved High temperature limit for remote zone, least significat bits. Reserved always reads zero. Bit Function Operation D[7:4] High temperature limit for the remote zone, least significant bits. Read/write D[3:0] Reserved Always reads as zero Power-up default value: 0000 0000b = 00h (0°C) Read/write command byte: 0001 0011b = 13h Each LSB represents one-sixteenth degree centigrade. The values are in a binary format such that 1/16th°C (0.0625°C) is reported as 0001 0000b. See Temperature Data Format for more details. Any writes to a temperature limit register will result in the corresponding fault queue being purged and reset. May 5, 2014 22 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Remote Temperature Low Limit Low-Byte Register (TLOW1l) 8-bits, Read/Write Remote Temperature Low Limit Low-Byte Register D[7] read/write D[6] read/write D[5] read/write D[4] read/write D[3] reserved D[2] reserved D[1] reserved D[0] reserved Low temperature limit for remote zone, least significat bits. Reserved always reads zero. Bit Function Operation D[7:4] Low temperature limit for the remote zone, least significant bits. Read/write D[3:0] Reserved Always reads as zero Power-up default value: 0000 0000b = 00h (0°C) Read/write command byte: 0001 0100b = 14h Each LSB represents one-sixteenth degree centigrade. The values are in a binary format such that 1/16th°C (0.0625°C) is reported as 0001 0000b. See Temperature Data Format for more details. Any writes to a temperature limit register will result in the corresponding fault queue being purged and reset. Remote Overtemperature Limit Register (CRIT1) 8-bits, Read/Write Remote Overtemperature Limit Register D[7] read/write D[6] read/write D[5] read/write D[4] read/write D[3] read/write D[2] read/write D[1] read/write D[0] read/write Overtemperature limit for remote zone. Bit D[7:0] Function Operation Overtemperature limit for the remote zone. Read/write Power-up default value: 0110 0100b = 64h (100°C) Read/write command byte: 0001 1001b = 19h Each LSB represents one degree centigrade. The values are in a two’s complement binary format such that 0°C is reported as 0000 0000b. See Temperature Data Format for more details. Any writes to a temperature limit register will result in the corresponding fault queue being purged and reset. May 5, 2014 23 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Local Overtemperature Limit Register (CRIT0) 8-bits, Read/Write Local Overtemperature Limit Register D[7] read/write D[6] read/write D[5] read/write D[4] read/write D[3] read/write D[2] read/write D[1] read/write D[0] read/write Overtemperature limit for local zone. Bit D[7:0] Function Operation Overtemperature limit for the local zone. Read/write Power-up default value: 0100 0110b = 46h (70°C) Read/write command byte: 0010 0000b = 20h Each LSB represents one degree centigrade. The values are in a two’s complement binary format such that 0°C is reported as 0000 0000b. See Temperature Data Format for more details. Any writes to a temperature limit register will result in the corresponding fault queue being purged and reset. Manufacturer ID Register (MFG_ID) 8-bits, Read only Manufacturer ID Register D[7] read-only D[6] read-only D[5] read-only D[4] read-only D[3] read-only D[2] read-only D[1] read-only D[0] read-only 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Bit D[7:0] Function Operation Identifies Micrel, Inc. as the manufacturer of the device Read only. Always returns 2Ah Power-up default value: 0010 1010b = 2Ah Read command byte: 1111 1110b = FEh Die Revision Register (DIE_REV) 8-bits, Read only Die Revision Register D[7] read-only D[6] read-only D[5] read-only D[4] read-only D[3] read-only D[2] read-only D[1] read-only D[0] read-only MIC280 die revision number Bit D[7:0] Function Operation Identifies the device revision number. Read only Power-up default value: [device revision number]h Read command byte: 1111 1111b = FFh May 5, 2014 24 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 In any application, the best test is to verify performance against calculation in the final application environment. This is especially true when dealing with systems for which tem- perature data may be poorly defined or unobtainable except by empirical means. Application Information Remote Diode Section Most small-signal PNP transistors with characteristics similar to the JEDEC 2N3906 will perform well as remote temperature sensors. Table 8 lists several examples of such parts that Micrel has tested for use with the MIC280. Other transistors equivalent to these should also work well. Series Resistance The operation of the MIC280 depends upon sensing the VCB-E of a diode-connected PNP transistor (diode) at two different current levels. For remote temperature measurements, this is done using an external diode connected between T1 and ground. Because this technique relies upon measuring the relatively small voltage difference resulting from two levels of current through the external diode, any resistance in series with the external diode will cause an error in the temperature reading from the MIC280. A good rule of thumb is that for each ohm in series with the external transistor, there will be a 0.8°C error in the MIC280’s temperature measurement. It is not difficult to keep the series resistance well below an ohm (typically <0.1Ω), so this will rarely be an issue. Table 8. Transistors suitable for use as remote diodes Vendor Part Number Package Fairchild Semiconductor MMBT3906 SOT-23 On Semiconductor MMBT3906L SOT-23 Philips Semiconductor PMBT3906 SOT-23 Samsung Semiconductor KST3906-TF SOT-23 Minimizing Errors Self-Heating One concern when using a part with the temperature accuracy and resolution of the MIC280 is to avoid errors induced by self-heating (VDD × IDD) + (VOL × IOL). In order to understand what level of error this might represent, and how to reduce that error, the dissipation in the MIC280 must be calculated and its effects reduced to a temperature offset. The worst-case operating condition for the MIC280 is when VDD = 3.6V. The maximum power dissipated in the part is given in the following equation: Filter Capacitor Selection It is usually desirable to employ a filter capacitor between the T1 and GND pins of the MIC280. The use of this capacitor is recommended in environments with a lot of high frequency noise (such as digital switching noise), or if long wires are used to conect to the remote diode. The maximum recom- mended total capacitance from the T1 pin to GND is 2200pF. This typically suggests the use of a 1800pF NP0 or C0G ceramic capacitor with a 10% tolerance. If the remote diode is to be at a distance of more than six-to-twelve inches from the MIC280, using twisted pair wiring or shielded microphone cable for the connections to the diode can significantly reduce noise pickup. If using a long run of shielded cable, remember to subtract the cable's conductor-to-shield capacitance from the 2200pF maximum total capacitance. PD = [(IDD ×VDD)+(IOL(DATA)×VOL(DATA))+(IOL(/INT)×VOL(/INT)] PD = [(0.4mA× 3.6V)+(6mA× 0.5V)+(6mA× 0.5V)] PD = 7.44mW Rθ(J-A) of the SOT23-6 package is 230°C/W Theoretical Maximum ∆TJ due to self-heating is: 7.44mW × 230°C/W = 1.7112°C Layout Considerations The following guidelines should be kept in mind when designing and laying out circuits using the MIC280. In most applications, the /INT output will be low for at most a few milliseconds before the host resets it back to the high state, making its duty cycle low enough that its contribution to self-heating of the MIC280 is negligible. Similarly, the DATA pin will in all likelihood have a duty cycle of substantially below 25% in the low state. These considerations, combined with more typical device and application parameters, give a better system-level view of device self-heating in interrupt-mode usage given in the following equation: 1. Place the MIC280 as close to the remote diode as possible, while taking care to avoid severe noise sources such as high frequency power transformers, CRTs, memory and data busses, and the like. 2. Because any conductance from the various voltages on the PC board and the T1 line can induce serious errors, it is good practice to guard the remote diode's emitter trace with a pair of ground traces. These ground traces should be returned to the MIC280's own ground pin. They should not be grounded at any other part of their run. However, it is highly desirable to use these guard traces to carry the diode's own ground return back to the ground pin of the MIC280, thereby (0.23mA IDD(typ) × 3.3V) + (25% × 1.5mA IOL(DATA) × 0.15V) + (1% × 1.5mA IOL(/INT) × 0.15V) = 0.817mW ∆TJ = (0.8175mW × 230°C/W) = 0.188°C May 5, 2014 25 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 providing a Kelvin connection for the base of the diode. See Figure 6. 5. In general, wider traces for the ground and T1 lines will help reduce susceptibility to radiated noise (wider traces are less inductive). Use trace widths and spacing of 10mm wherever possible and provide a ground plane under the MIC280 and under the connections from the MIC280 to the remote diode. This will help guard against stray noise pickup. 3. When using the MIC280 to sense the temperature of a processor or other device which has an integral thermal diode, e.g., Intel's Pentium II, III, IV, AMD Athlon CPU, Xilinx Virtex FPGAs, connect the emitter and base of the remote sensor to the MIC280 using the guard traces and Kelvin return shown in Figure 6. The collector of the remote diode is typically inaccessible to the user on these devices. To allow for this, the MIC280 has superb rejection of noise appearing from collector to GND. 6. Always place a good quality power supply bypass capacitor directly adjacent to, or underneath, the MIC280. This should be a 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor. Surface-mount parts provide the best bypassing because of their low inductance. 4. Due to the small currents involved in the measurement of the remote diode’s ∆VBE, it is important to adequately clean the PC board after soldering to prevent current leakage. This is most likely to show up as an issue in situations where water-soluble soldering fluxes are used. 7. When the MIC280 is being powered from particularly noisy power supplies, or from supplies which may have sudden high-amplitude spikes appearing on them, it can be helpful to add additional power supply filtering. This should be implemented as a 100Ω resistor in series with the part’s VDD pin, and a 4.7µF, 6.3V electrolytic capacitor from VDD to GND. See Figure 7. Figure 6. Guard Traces/Kelvin Ground Returns Figure 7. VDD Decoupling for Very Noisy Supplies May 5, 2014 26 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 Package Information(21) 6-Pin SOT23 (M6) Note: 21. Package information is correct as of the publication date. For updates and most current information, go to www.micrel.com. May 5, 2014 27 Revision 2.0 Micrel, Inc. MIC280 MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com Micrel makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the information furnished in this data sheet. This information is not intended as a warranty and Micrel does not assume responsibility for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry, specifications and descriptions at any time without notice. No license, whether express, implied, arising by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document. Except as provided in Micrel’s terms and conditions of sale for such products, Micrel assumes no liability whatsoever, and Micrel disclaims any express or implied warranty relating to the sale and/or use of Micrel products including liability or warranties relating to fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. © 2014 Micrel, Incorporated. May 5, 2014 28 Revision 2.0