ACS8510 Datasheet

ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
Synchronous Equipment Timing Source for
SONET or SDH Network Elements
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Description
FINAL
Features
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 is a highly integrated, single-chip
solution for the Synchronous Equipment Timing Source
(SETS) function in a SONET or SDH Network Element. The
device generates SONET or SDH Equipment Clocks (SEC)
and Frame Synchronization clocks. The ACS8510 Rev2.1
is fully compliant with the required international
specifications and standards.
The device supports Free-run, Locked and Holdover
modes. It also supports all three types of reference clock
source: recovered line clock, PDH network, and node
synchronization. The ACS8510 Rev2.1 generates
independent SEC and BITS/SSU clocks, an 8 kHz Frame
Synchronization clock and a 2 kHz Multi-Frame
Synchronization clock.
Two ACS8510 Rev2.1 devices can be used together in a
Master/ Slave configuration mode allowing system
protection against a single ACS8510 Rev2.1 failure.
A microprocessor port is incorporated, providing access to
the configuration and status registers for device setup
and monitoring.
Rev2.1 adds choice of edge alignment for 8kHz input, as
well as a low jitter n x E1/DS1 output mode. The User can
choose between OCXO or TCXO to define the Stratum
and/or Holdover performance required.
Block Diagram
DATASHEET
‹ Suitable for Stratum 3E*, 3, 4E, 4 and SONET
Minimum Clock (SMC) or SONET/SDH Equipment
Clock (SEC) applications
‹ Meets AT&T, ITU-T, ETSI and Telcordia specifications
‹ Accepts 14 individual input reference clocks
‹ Generates eleven output clocks
‹ Supports Free-run, Locked and Holdover modes of
operation
‹ Robust input clock source quality monitoring on all
inputs
‹ Automatic “hit-less” source switchover on loss of input
‹ Phase build-out for output clock phase continuity
during input switchover and mode transitions
‹ Microprocessor interface - Intel, Motorola, Serial,
Multiplexed, EPROM
‹ Programmable wander and jitter tracking attenuation
0.1 Hz to 20 Hz
‹ Support for Master/Slave device configuration
alignment and hot/standby redundancy
‹ IEEE 1149.1 JTAG Boundary Scan
‹ Single +3.3 V operation, +5 V I/O compatible
‹ Operating temperature (ambient) -40°C to +85°C
‹ Available in 100 pin LQFP package
‹ Lead (Pb)-free version available (ACS8510 Rev2.1T),
RoHS and WEEE compliant.
Note...* Meets holdover requirements, lowest bandwidth 0.1 Hz
Figure 1 Block Diagram of the ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
Programmable Outputs:
TO1 (TTL/CMOS) = 6.48 MHz (default)
19.44 MHz and 25.92 MHz,
and E1/DS1 multiples:
1 x, 2 x, 4 x, 8 x (1.544/2.048 MHz)
T4 DPLL/Freq. Synthesis
2 x AMI
10 x TTL
2 x PECL/LVDS
Programmable;
64/8 kHz (AMI)
2 kHz
4 kHz
N x 8 kHz
1.544/2.048 MHz
6.48 MHz
19.44 MHz
25.92 MHz
38.88 MHz
51.84 MHz
77.76 MHz
155.52 MHz
TOUT4
Selector
Divider
PFD
Digital
Loop
Filter
TO2 (TTL/CMOS) = 38.88 MHz (default)
25.92 MHz, 51.84 MHz,
and E1/DS1 multiples:
1 x, 2 x, 4 x, 8 x (1.544/2.048 MHz)
DTO
Input
Port
Monitors
and
Selection
Control
TO3 (TTL/CMOS) = 19.44 MHz (fixed)
TO4 (TTL/CMOS) = 38.88 MHz (fixed)
11 x
Output
Ports
T0 DPLL/Freq. Synthesis
14 x SEC
TOUT0
Selecor
Divider
PFD
Digital
Loop
Filter
T0 APLL
(output)
DTO
Frequency
Dividers
TO5 (TTL/CMOS) = 77.76 MHz (fixed)
TO6 (LVDS (default)/PECL) =
38.88 MHz (default)
19.44 MHz , 155.52 MHz (OC-3),
311.04 MHz, and E1/DS1 multiples:
1 x, 2 x, 4 x, 8 x (1.544/2.048 MHz)
TO7 (PECL (default)/LVDS) =
Programmable: 19.44 MHz (default),
51.84 MHz (OC-1), 77.76 MHz and
155.52 MHz (OC-3)
T08 (AMI) = 64/8 kHz
(composite clock 64 kHz + 8 kHz)
TCK
TDI
TMS
TRST
TDO
TO9 (TTL/CMOS) =
IEEE
1149.1
JTAG
Chip
Clock
Generator
1.544 MHz/2.048 MHz (E1/DS1)
Priority Register Set
Table
Microprocessor
Port
FrSync (TO10) (TTL/CMOS) =
8 kHz Frame Sync,
Fixed 50:50 MSR
MFrSync (TO11) (TTL/CMOS) =
2 kHz Multiframe Sync,
Fixed 50:50 MSR
OCXO or
TCXO
F8510D_001BLOCKDIA_01
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Table of Contents
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Table of Contents
FINAL
Section
ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
DATASHEET
Page
Description ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
Block Diagram............................................................................................................................................................................................ 1
Features ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Pin Diagram ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Pin Description........................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Functional Description .............................................................................................................................................................................. 8
Local Oscillator Clock.........................................................................................................................................................................8
Crystal Frequency Calibration.................................................................................................................................................. 9
Input Interfaces..................................................................................................................................................................................9
Over-Voltage Protection .....................................................................................................................................................................9
Input Reference Clock Ports .............................................................................................................................................................9
DivN Examples....................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Input Wander and Jitter Tolerance ................................................................................................................................................ 12
Frame Sync and MultiFrame Sync Clocks (Part of TOUT0) .................................................................................................. 13
Output Clock Ports .......................................................................................................................................................................... 13
Low-speed Output Clock (TOUT4) .......................................................................................................................................... 13
High-speed Output Clock (Part of TOUT0) ............................................................................................................................. 13
Low Jitter Multiple E1/DS1 Outputs .................................................................................................................................... 14
Output Wander and Jitter ............................................................................................................................................................... 14
Phase Variation ............................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Phase Build-Out .............................................................................................................................................................................. 18
Microprocessor Interface ............................................................................................................................................................... 19
Motorola Mode ...................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Intel Mode.............................................................................................................................................................................. 19
Multiplexed Mode.................................................................................................................................................................. 19
Serial Mode............................................................................................................................................................................ 19
EPROM Mode......................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Register Set ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Configuration Registers ........................................................................................................................................................ 19
Status Registers .................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Register Access............................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Interrupt Enable and Clear ............................................................................................................................................................. 20
Register Map ................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
Register Map Description............................................................................................................................................................... 25
Selection of Input Reference Clock Source................................................................................................................................... 39
Forced Control Selection....................................................................................................................................................... 39
Automatic Control Selection ................................................................................................................................................. 39
Ultra Fast Switching .............................................................................................................................................................. 40
External Protection Switching............................................................................................................................................... 40
Clock Quality Monitoring................................................................................................................................................................. 40
Activity Monitoring........................................................................................................................................................................... 42
Frequency Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................................... 42
Modes of Operation ........................................................................................................................................................................ 43
Free-run mode ....................................................................................................................................................................... 43
Pre-Locked mode .................................................................................................................................................................. 43
Locked mode ......................................................................................................................................................................... 43
Lost_Phase mode.................................................................................................................................................................. 43
Holdover mode ...................................................................................................................................................................... 43
Pre-Locked(2) mode.............................................................................................................................................................. 44
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ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
FINAL
DATASHEET
Section
Page
Protection Facility............................................................................................................................................................................ 44
Alignment of Priority Tables in Master and Slave ACS8510 Rev2.1 ................................................................................. 45
Alignment of the Selection of Reference Sources for TOUT4 Generation in the Master and Slave ACS8510 Rev2.1 ... 46
Alignment of the Phases of the 8 kHz and 2 kHz Clocks in both Master and Slave ACS8510 Rev2.1 .......................... 46
JTAG ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 46
PORB................................................................................................................................................................................................ 46
Electrical Specification ........................................................................................................................................................................... 49
Operating Conditions ...................................................................................................................................................................... 49
DC Characteristics .......................................................................................................................................................................... 49
DC Characteristics: AMI Input/Output Port ......................................................................................................................... 53
Notes for Tables 25 to 31..................................................................................................................................................... 58
Input/Output Timing ....................................................................................................................................................................... 59
Motorola Mode ...................................................................................................................................................................... 60
Intel Mode.............................................................................................................................................................................. 62
Multiplexed Mode.................................................................................................................................................................. 64
Serial Mode............................................................................................................................................................................ 66
EPROM Mode......................................................................................................................................................................... 68
Package Information .............................................................................................................................................................................. 69
Thermal Conditions......................................................................................................................................................................... 69
Application Information .......................................................................................................................................................................... 71
References .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 72
Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 72
Trademark Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................................................. 73
Revision Status/History ......................................................................................................................................................................... 74
Notes ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 75
Ordering Information .............................................................................................................................................................................. 76
Disclaimers...................................................................................................................................................................................... 76
Contact Information for Semtech International AG.............................................................................................................................. 76
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Pin Diagram
FINAL
DATASHEET
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
77
76
SONSDHB
MSTSLVB
IC
IC
IC
TO9
TO5
TO4
DGND
VDD
TO3
TO2
TO1
DGND
VDD
VDD
DGND
AD0
AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6
AD7
Figure 2 ACS8510 Rev2.1 Pin Diagram Synchronous Equipment Timing Source for SONET or SDH Network
Elements
AGND
TRST
IC
NC
AGND
VA1+
TMS
INTREQ
TCK
REFCLK
DGND
VD+
VD+
DGND
DGND
VD+
NC
SRCSW
VA2+
AGND
TDO
IC
TDI
I1
I2
ACS8510
SONET/SDH SETS
Rev 2.1
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
RDY
PORB
ALE
RDB
WRB
CSB
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
DGND
VDD
UPSEL0
UPSEL1
UPSEL2
I14
I13
I12
I11
I10
I9
I8
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
VAMI+
TO8NEG
TO8POS
GND_AMI
FrSync
MFrSync
GND_DIFF
VDD_DIFF
TO6POS
TO6NEG
TO7POS
TO7NEG
GND_DIFF
VDD_DIFF
I5POS
I5NEG
I6POS
I6NEG
VDD5
SYNC2K
I3
I4
I7
DGND
VDD
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
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F8510v21D_002PINDIAG_01
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Pin Description
FINAL
DATASHEET
Table 1 Power Pins
Pin Number
Symbol
I/O
Type
Description
12, 13, 16
VD+
P
-
Supply Voltage: Digital supply to gates in analog section, +3.3 Volts
±10%.
26
VAMI+
P
-
Supply Voltage: Digital supply to AMI output, +3.3 Volts ±10%.
33, 39
VDD_DIFF
P
-
Supply Voltage: Digital supply for differential ports, +3.3 Volts ±10%.
44
VDD5
P
-
Digital Supply for +5 Volts Tolerance to Input Pins. Connect to +5 Volts
(±10%) for clamping to +5 Volts. Connect to VDD for clamping to +3.3
Volts. Leave floating for no clamping, input pins tolerant up to
+5.5 Volts.
50, 61, 85,
86 91
VDD
P
-
Supply Voltage: Digital supply to logic, +3.3 Volts ±10%.
6
VA1+
P
-
Supply Voltage: Analog supply to clock multiplying PLL, +3.3 Volts ±10%.
19
VA2+
P
-
Supply Voltage: Analog supply to output PLLs, +3.3 Volts ±10%.
11, 14, 15,
49, 62,
84, 87, 92
DGND
P
-
Supply Ground: Digital ground for logic
29
GND_AMI
P
-
Supply Ground: Digital ground for AMI output.
32,
38
GND_DIFF
P
-
Supply Ground: Digital ground for differential ports.
1, 5,
20
AGND
P
-
Supply Ground: Analog grounds.
Note...I = Input, O = Output, P = Power, TTLU = TTL input with pull-up resistor, TTLD = TTL input with pull-down resistor.
Table 2 Not Connected or Internally Connected Pins
Pin Number
Symbol
I/O
Type
Description
4, 17
NC
NC
-
Not connected: Leave to Float
3, 22, 96, 97,
98
IC
IC
-
Internally Connected: Leave to Float.
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ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
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DATASHEET
Table 3 Other Pins
Pin Number
Symbol
I/O
Type
Description
2
TRST
I
TTLD
JTAG Control Reset Input: TRST = 1 to enable JTAG Boundary Scan
mode. TRST = 0 for Boundary Scan stand-by mode, still allowing correct
device operation. If not used connect to GND or leave floating.
7
TMS
I
TTLU
JTAG Test Mode Select: Boundary Scan enable. Sampled on rising edge
of TCK. If not used connect to VDD or leave floating.
8
INTREQ
O
TTL/CMOS
9
TCK
I
TTLD
JTAG Clock: Boundary Scan clock input. If not used connect to GND or
leave floating. This pin may require a capacitor placed between the pin
and the nearest GND, to reduce noise pickup. A value of 10 pF should
be adequate, but the value is dependent on PCB layout.
10
REFCLK
I
TTL
Reference Clock: 12.800 MHz (refer to “Local Oscillator Clock” on
page 8).
18
SRCSW
I
TTLD
Source Switching: Force Fast Source Switching.
21
TDO
O
TTL/CMOS
JTAG Output: Serial test data output. Updated on falling edge of TCK. If
not used leave floating.
23
TDI
I
TTLU
JTAG Input: Serial test data Input. Sampled on rising edge of TCK. If not
used connect to VDD or leave floating.
24
I1
I
AMI
Input Reference 1: Composite clock 64 kHz + 8 kHz.
25
I2
I
AMI
Input Reference 2: Composite clock 64 kHz + 8 kHz.
27
TO8NEG
O
AMI
Output Reference 8: Composite clock, 64 kHz + 8 kHz negative pulse.
28
TO8POS
O
AMI
Output Reference 8: Composite clock, 64 kHz + 8 kHz positive pulse.
30
FrSync
O
TTL/CMOS
Output Reference 10: 8 kHz Frame Sync output (square wave).
31
MFrSync
O
TTL/CMOS
Output Reference 11: 2 kHz Multi-Frame Sync output (square wave).
34,
35
TO6POS,
TO6NEG
O
LVDS/PECL
Output Reference 6: Programmable, default 38.88 MHz. Also Dig1
(1.544 MHz/2.048 MHz and 2, 4, 8 x), 19.44 MHz, 155.52 MHz,
311.04 MHz. Default type LVDS.
36,
37
TO7POS,
TO7NEG
O
PECL/LVDS
Output Reference 7: Programmable, default 19.44 MHz, Also 51.84
Also 51.84 MHz, 77.76 MHz, 155.52 MHz. MHz, 77.76 MHz, 155.52
MHz. default type PECL.
40,
41
I5POS,
I5NEG
I
LVDS/PECL
Input Reference 5: Default 19.44 MHz, default type LVDS.
42,
43
I6POS,
I6NEG
I
PECL/LVDS
Input Reference 6: Default 19.44 MHz, default type PECL.
45
SYNC2K
I
TTLD
Synchronize 2 kHz: Connect to 2 kHz Multi-Frame Sync output of
partner ACS8510 Rev2.1 in redundancy system.
46
I3
I
TTLD
Input Reference 3: Programmable, default 8 kHz.
47
I4
I
TTLD
Input Reference 4: Programmable, default 8 kHz.
48
I7
I
TTLD
Input Reference 7: Programmable, default 19.44 MHz.
51
I8
I
TTLD
Input Reference 8: Programmable, default 19.44 MHz.
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
Interrupt Request: Active High software Interrupt output.
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ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
FINAL
DATASHEET
Table 3 Other Pins (cont...)
Pin Number
Symbol
I/O
Type
Description
52
I9
I
TTLD
Input Reference 9: Programmable, default 19.44 MHz.
53
I10
I
TTLD
Input Reference 10: Programmable, default 19.44 MHz.
54
I11
I
TTLD
Input Reference 11: Programmable, default (Master mode)
1.544/2.048 MHz, default (Slave mode) 6.48 MHz.
55
I12
I
TTLD
Input Reference 12: Programmable, default 1.544/2.048 MHz.
56
I13
I
TTLD
Input Reference 13: Programmable, default 1.544/2.048 MHz.
57
I14
I
TTLD
Input Reference 14: Programmable, default 1.544/2.048 MHz.
58 - 60
UPSEL(2:0)
I
TTLD
Microprocessor Select: Configures the interface for a particular
microprocessor type at reset.
63 - 69
A(6:0)
I
TTLD
Microprocessor Interface Address: Address bus for the microprocessor
interface registers. A(0) is SDI in Serial mode - output in EPROM mode
only.
70
CSB
I
TTLU
Chip Select (Active Low): This pin is asserted Low by the microprocessor
to enable the microprocessor interface - output in EPROM mode only.
71
WRB
I
TTLU
Write (Active Low): This pin is asserted Low by the microprocessor to
initiate a write cycle. In Motorola mode, WRB = 1 for Read.
72
RDB
I
TTLU
Read (Active Low): This pin is asserted Low by the microprocessor to
initiate a read cycle.
73
ALE
I
TTLD
Address Latch Enable: This pin becomes the address latch enable from
the microprocessor. When this pin transitions from High to Low, the
address bus inputs are latched into the internal registers. ALE = SCLK in
Serial mode.
74
PORB
I
TTLU
Power-On Reset: Master reset. If PORB is forced Low, all internal states
are reset back to default values.
75
RDY
O
TTL/CMOS
76 - 83
AD(7:0)
IO
TTLD
88
TO1
O
TTL/CMOS
Output Reference 1: Programmable, default 6.48 MHz. Also Dig1
(1.544 MHz/2.048 MHz and 2, 4, 8 x), 19.44 MHz, 25.92 MHz
89
TO2
O
TTL/CMOS
Output Reference 2: Programmable, default 38.88 MHz. Also Dig2
(1.544 MHz/2.048 MHz and 2, 4, 8 x), 25.92 MHz, 51.84 MHz
90
TO3
O
TTL/CMOS
Output Reference 3: 19.44 MHz - fixed.
93
TO4
O
TTL/CMOS
Output Reference 4: 38.88 MHz - fixed.
94
TO5
O
TTL/CMOS
Output Reference 5: 77.76 MHz - fixed.
95
TO9
O
TTL/CMOS
Output Reference 9: 1.544/2.048 MHz, as per ITU G.783[9] BITS
requirements.
99
MSTSLVB
I
TTLU
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
Ready/Data Acknowledge: This pin is asserted High to indicate the
device has completed a read or write operation.
Address/Data: Multiplexed data/address bus depending on the
microprocessor mode selection. AD(0) is SDO in Serial mode.
Master/Slave Select: Sets the initial power up state (or state after a
PORB) of the Master/Slave selection register. The register state can be
changed after power up by software.
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ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
FINAL
DATASHEET
Table 3 Other Pins (cont...)
Pin Number
100
Symbol
SONSDHB
I/O
Type
I
TTLD
Description
SONET or SDH Frequency Select: Sets the initial power-up state (or
state after a PORB) of the SONET/SDH frequency selection registers,
Reg. 34, Bit 2 and Reg. 38, Bit 5 and Bit 6. When set Low, SDH rates
are selected (2.048 MHz etc.) and when set High, SONET rates are
selected (1.544 MHz etc.) The register states can be changed after
power-up by software.
Functional Description
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 is a highly integrated, single-chip
solution for the SETS function in a SONET/SDH Network
Element, for the generation of SEC and frame
synchronization pulses.
In Free-run mode, the ACS8510 Rev2.1 generates a
stable, low noise clock signal from an internal oscillator.
In Locked mode, the ACS8510 Rev2.1 selects the most
appropriate input reference source and generates a
stable, low-noise clock signal locked to the selected
reference.
In Holdover mode, the ACS8510 Rev2.1 generates a
stable, low-noise clock signal from the internal oscillator,
adjusted to match the last known good frequency of the
last selected reference source.
In all modes, the frequency accuracy, jitter and drift
performance of the clock meet the requirements of ITU
G.812, G.813, G.823, and GR-1244-CORE.
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 supports all three types of
reference clock source: recovered line clock (TIN1), PDH
network synchronization timing (TIN2) and node
synchronization (TIN3). The ACS8510 Rev2.1 generates
independent TOUT0 and TOUT4 clocks, an 8 kHz Frame
Synchronization clock and a 2 kHz Multi-Frame
Synchronization clock.
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 has a high tolerance to input jitter
and wander. The jitter/wander transfer is programmable
(0.1 Hz up to 20 Hz cut-off points).
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 supports protection. Two ACS8510
Rev2.1 devices can be configured to provide protection
against a single ACS8510 Rev2.1 failure.
The protection maintains alignment of the two ACS8510
Rev2.1 devices (Master and Slave) and
ensures that both ACS8510 Rev2.1 devices maintain the
same priority table, choose the same reference input and
generate the TOUT0 clock, the 8 kHz Frame
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
Synchronization clock and the 2 kHz Multi-Frame
Synchronization clock with the same phase.
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 includes a microprocessor port,
providing access to the configuration and status registers
for device setup and monitoring.
Local Oscillator Clock
The Master system clock on the ACS8510 Rev2.1 should
be provided by an external clock oscillator of frequency
12.80 MHz. The clock specification is important for
meeting the ITU/ETSI and Telcordia performance
requirements for Holdover mode. ITU and ETSI
specifications permit a combined drift characteristic, at
constant temperature, of all non-temperature related
parameters, of up to 10 ppb per day. The same
specifications allow a drift of 1 ppm over a temperature
range of 0 to +70°C.
Table 4 ITU and ETSI Specification
Parameter
Value
Tolerance
±4.6 ppm over 20 year lifetime
Drift
(Frequency Drift
over supply
voltage range of
+2.7 V to +3.3 V)
±0.05 ppm/15 seconds @ constant temp.
±0.01 ppm/day @ constant temp.
±1 ppm over temp. range 0 to +70°C
Telcordia specifications are somewhat tighter, requiring a
non-temperature-related drift of less than 40 ppb per day
and a drift of 280 ppb over the temperature range 0 to
+50°C.
Table 5 Telcordia GR-1244 CORE Specification
Parameter
Tolerance
Page 8
Value
±4.6 ppm over 20 year lifetime
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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Table 5 Telcordia GR-1244 CORE Specification
Drift
(Frequency Drift
over supply
voltage range of
+2.7 V to +3.3 V)
FINAL
Input Reference Clock Ports
DATASHEET
Table 6 gives details of the input reference ports, showing
the input technologies and the range of frequencies
supported on each port; the default spot frequencies and
default priorities assigned to each port on power-up or by
reset are also shown. Note that SDH and SONET networks
use different default frequencies; the network type is pinselectable using the SONSDHB pin). Specific frequencies
and priorities are set by configuration.
±0.05 ppm/15 seconds @ constant temp.
±0.04 ppm/15 seconds @ constant temp.
±0.28 ppm/over temp. range 0 to +50°C
Please contact Semtech for information on crystal
oscillator suppliers.
Crystal Frequency Calibration
The absolute crystal frequency accuracy is less important
than the stability since any frequency offset can be
compensated by adjustment of register values in the IC.
This allows for calibration and compensation of any
crystal frequency variation away from its nominal value.
± 50 ppm adjustment would be sufficient to cope with
most crystals, in fact the range is an order of magnitude
larger due to the use of two 8-bit register locations. The
setting of the conf_nominal_frequency register allows for
this adjustment. An increase in the register value
increases the output frequencies by 0.02 ppm for each
LSB step. The default value (in decimal) is 39321. The
minimum being 0 and the maximum 65535, gives a
-700 ppm to +500 ppm adjustment range of the output
frequencies.
Although each input port is shown as belonging to one of
the types, TIN1, TIN2 or TIN3, they are fully interchangeable
as long as the selected speed is within the maximum
operating speed of the input port technology.
SDH and SONET networks use different default
frequencies; the network type is selectable using the
config_mode register 34 Hex, bit 2.
For SONET, config_mode register 34 Hex, bit 2 = 1, for
SDH config_mode register 34 Hex, bit 2 = 0. On power-up
or by reset, the default will be set by the state of the
SONSDHB pin (pin 100). Specific frequencies and
priorities are set by configuration.
TTL ports (compatible also with CMOS signals) support
clock speeds up to 100 MHz, with the highest spot
frequency being 77.76 MHz. The actual spot frequencies
supported are:
For example, if the crystal was oscillating at 12.8 MHz
+ 5 ppm, then the calibration value in the register to give
a -5 ppm adjustment in output frequencies to
compensate for the crystal inaccuracy, would be:
• 2 kHz
39321 - (5 / 0.02) = 39071 (decimal)
• 1.544 MHz (SONET)/2.048 MHz (SDH)
• 4 kHz
• 8 kHz (and N x 8 kHz)
• 6.48 MHz,
Input Interfaces
• 19.44 MHz,
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 supports up to fourteen input
reference clock sources from input types TIN1, TIN2 and
TIN3 using TTL, CMOS, PECL, LVDS and AMI buffer I/O
technologies. These interface technologies support
+3.3 V and +5 V operation.
• 25.92 MHz,
• 38.88 MHz,
• 51.84 MHz,
• 77.76 MHz.
Over-Voltage Protection
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 may require Over-Voltage
Protection on input reference clock ports according to ITU
Recommendation K.41. Semtech protection devices are
recommended for this purpose (see separate Semtech
data book).
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
The frequency selection is programmed via the
cnfg_ref_source_frequency register. The internal DPLL
will normally lock to the selected input at the frequency of
the input, e.g. 19.44 MHz will lock the DPLL phase
comparisons at 19.44 MHz. It is, however, possible to
utilize an internal pre-divider to the DPLL to divide the
input frequency before it is used for phase comparisons in
the DPLL. This pre-divider can be used in one of 2 ways:
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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1. Any of the supported spot frequencies can be divided
to 8 kHz by setting the lock8K bit (bit 6) in the
appropriate cnfg_ref_source_frequency register
location. For good jitter tolerance for all frequencies
and for operation at 19.44 MHz and above, use
lock8K. It is possible to choose which edge of the
8 kHz input to lock to, by setting the appropriate bit of
the cnfg_control1 register.
2. Any multiple of 8 kHz between 1544 kHz to 100 MHz
can be supported by using the DivN feature (bit 7 of
the cnfg_ref_source_frequency register). Any
reference input can be set to use DivN independently
of the frequencies and configurations of the other
inputs.
Any reference input with the DivN bit set in the
cnfg_ref_source_frequency register will employ the
internal pre-divider prior to the DPLL locking.
DATASHEET
The cnfg_freq_divn register contains the divider ratio N
where the reference input will get divided by (N+1) where
0<N<214-1. The cnfg_ref_source_frequency register
must be set to the closest supported spot frequency to the
input frequency, but must be lower than the input
frequency. When using the DivN feature the post-divider
frequency must be 8 kHz, which is indicated by setting the
lock8k bit high (bit 6 in cnfg_ref_source_frequency
register). Any input set to DivN must have the frequency
monitors disabled (If the frequency monitors are disabled,
they are disabled for all inputs regardless of the input
configurations, in this case only activity monitoring will
take place). Whilst any number of inputs can be set to use
the DivN feature, only one N can be programmed, hence
all inputs using the DivN feature must require the same
division to get to 8 kHz.
Table 6 Input Reference Source Selection and Priority Table
Port Number
Channel
Number (Bin)
Port Type
Input Port
Technology
Frequencies Supported
Default
Priority
I_1
0001
TIN3
AMI
64/8 kHz (composite clock, 64 kHz + 8 kHz)
Default (SONET): 64/8 kHz
Default (SDH): 64/8 kHz
2
I_2
0010
TIN3
AMI
64/8 kHz (composite clock, 64 kHz + 8 kHz)
Default (SONET): 64/8 kHz
Default (SDH): 64/8 kHz
3
I_3
0011
TIN3
TTL/CMOS
Up to 100 MHz (see Note (i))
Default (SONET): 8 kHz
Default (SDH): 8 kHz
4
I_4
0100
TIN3
TTL/CMOS
Up to 100 MHz (see Note (i))
Default (SONET): 8 kHz
Default (SDH): 8 kHz
5
I_5
0101
TIN1
LVDS/PECL LVDS Up to 155.52 MHz (see Note (ii))
default
Default (SONET): 19.44 MHz
Default (SDH): 19.44 MHz
6
I_6
0110
TIN1
PECL/LVDS PECL Up to 155.52 MHz (see Note (ii))
default
Default (SONET): 19.44 MHz
Default (SDH): 19.44 MHz
7
I_7
0111
TIN1
TTL/CMOS
Up to 100 MHz (see Note (i))
Default (SONET): 19.44 MHz
Default (SDH): 19.44 MHz
8
I_8
1000
TIN1
TTL/CMOS
Up to 100 MHz (see Note (i))
Default (SONET): 19.44 MHz
Default (SDH): 19.44 MHz
9
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
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DATASHEET
Table 6 Input Reference Source Selection and Priority Table (cont...)
Port Number
Channel
Number (Bin)
Port Type
Input Port
Technology
Frequencies Supported
Default
Priority
I_9
1001
TIN1
TTL/CMOS
Up to 100 MHz (see Note (i))
Default (SONET): 19.44 MHz
Default (SDH): 19.44 MHz
10
I_10
1010
TIN1
TTL/CMOS
Up to 100 MHz (see Note (i))
Default (SONET): 19.44 MHz
Default (SDH): 19.44 MHz
11
I_11
1011
TIN2
TTL/CMOS
Up to 100 MHz (see Note (i))
Default (Master) (SONET): 1.544 MHz
Default (Master) (SDH): 2.048 MHz
Default (Slave) 6.48 MHz
12/1 (Note
(iii))
I_12
1100
TIN2
TTL/CMOS
Up to 100 MHz (see Note (i))
Default (SONET): 1.544 MHz
Default (SDH): 2.048 MHz
13
I_13
1101
TIN2
TTL/CMOS
Up to 100 MHz (see Note (i))
Default (SONET): 1.544 MHz
Default (SDH): 2.048 MHz
14
I_14
1110
TIN2
TTL/CMOS
Up to 100 MHz (see Note (i))
Default (SONET): 1.544 MHz
Default (SDH): 2.048 MHz
15
Notes: (i) TTL ports (compatible also with CMOS signals) support clock speeds up to 100 MHz, with the highest spot frequency being
77.76 MHz. The actual spot frequencies are: 2 kHz, 4 kHz, 8 kHz (and N x 8 kHz), 1.544 MHz (SONET)/2.048 MHz (SDH), 6.48 MHz,
19.44 MHz, 25.92 MHz, 38.88 MHz, 51.84 MHz, 77.76 MHz. SONET or SDH is selected using the SONSDHB pin. When the
SONSDHB pin is High SONET is selected, when the SONSDHB pin is Low SDH is selected.
(ii) PECL and LVDS ports support the spot clock frequencies listed above plus 155.52 MHz and 311.04 MHz.
(iii) Input port <I_11> is set at 12 on the Master SETS IC and 1 on the Slave SETS IC, as default on power up (or PORB). The default
setup of Master or Slave <I_11> priority is determined by the MSTSLVB pin.
DivN Examples
the frequency to 6.48 MHz. (XX = “leaky bucket” ID for
this input).
To lock to 2.000 MHz.
1. The cnfg_ref_source_frequency register is set to
11XX0001 (binary) to set the DivN, lock8k bits, and
the frequency to E1/DS1. (XX = “leaky bucket” ID for
this input).
2. The cnfg_mode register (34Hex) bit 2 needs to be set
to 1 to select SONET frequencies (DS1).
3. The frequency monitors are disabled in cnfg_monitors
register (48Hex) by writing 00 to bits 0 and 1.
4. The DivN register is set to F9 Hex (249 decimal).
To lock to 10.000 MHz.
1. The cnfg_ref_source_frequency register is set to
11XX0010 (binary) to set the DivN, lock8k bits, and
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
2. The frequency monitors are disabled in cnfg_monitors
register (48Hex) by writing 00 to bits 0 and 1.
3. The DivN register is set to 4E1 Hex (1249 decimal).
PECL and LVDS ports support the spot clock frequencies
listed plus 155.52 MHz and 311.04 MHz. The choice of
PECL or LVDS compatibility is programmed via the
cnfg_differential_inputs register. Unused PECL/LVDS
differential inputs should be fixed with one input high
(VDD) and the other input low (GND), or set in LVDS mode
and left floating, in which case one input is internally
pulled high and the other low.
An AMI port supports a composite clock, consisting of a
64 kHz AMI clock with 8 kHz boundaries marked by
deliberate violations of the AMI coding rules, as specified
in ITU recommendation G.703. Departures from the
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nominal pattern are detected within the ACS8510
Rev2.1, and may cause reference-switching if too
frequent. See “DC Characteristics: AMI Input/Output Port”
on page 53 for more details. If the AMI port is unused, the
pins (I1 and I2) should be tied to GND and the VAMI+
supply pin (pin 26) disconnected.
Input Wander and Jitter Tolerance
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 is compliant to the requirements of
all relevant standards, principally ITU Recommendation
G.825, ANSI DS1.101-1994 and ETS 300 462-5 (1997).
All reference clock inputs have a tight frequency tolerance
but a generous jitter tolerance. Pullin, hold-in and pull-out
ranges are specified for each input port in Table 7.
Minimum jitter tolerance masks are specified in Figures 3
and 4, and Tables 8 and 9, respectively. The ACS8510
Rev2.1 will tolerate wander and jitter components greater
than those shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, up to a limit
determined by a combination of the apparent long-term
frequency offset caused by wander and the eye-closure
caused by jitter (the input source will be rejected if the
offset pushes the frequency outside the hold-in range for
long enough to be detected, whilst the signal will also be
rejected if the eye closes sufficiently to affect the signal
purity). The “8klocking” mode should be engaged for high
jitter tolerance according to these masks. All reference
DATASHEET
clock ports are monitored for quality, including frequency
offset and general activity. Single short-term interruptions
in selected reference clocks may not cause
rearrangements, whilst longer interruptions, or multiple,
short-term interruptions, will cause rearrangements, as
will frequency offsets which are sufficiently large or
sufficiently long to cause loss-of-lock in the phase-locked
loop. The failed reference source will be removed from the
priority table and declared as unserviceable, until its
perceived quality has been restored to an acceptable
level.
The registers sts_curr_inc_offset (address 0C, 0D, 07)
report the frequency of the DPLL with respect to the
external TCXO frequency. This is a 19-bit signed number
with one LSB representing 0.0003 ppm (range of
±80 ppm). Reading this regularly can show how the
currently locked source is varying in value e.g. due to
wander on its input.
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 performs automatic frequency
monitoring with an acceptable input frequency offset
range of ±16.6 ppm. The ACS8510 Rev2.1 DPLL has a
programmable frequency limit of ±80 ppm. If the range is
programmed to be > 16.6 ppm, the frequency monitors
should be disabled so the input reference source is not
automatically rejected as out of frequency range..
Table 7 Input Reference Source Jitter Tolerance
Jitter Tolerance
Frequency Monitor
Acceptance Range
G.703
G.783
Frequency Acceptance
Range (Pull-in)
Frequency Acceptance
Range (Hold-in)
Frequency Acceptance
Range (Pull-out)
±4.6 ppm
(see Note (i))
±4.6 ppm
(see Note (i))
±4.6 ppm
(see Note (i))
±9.2 ppm
(see Note (ii))
±9.2 ppm
(see Note (ii))
±9.2 ppm
(see Note (ii))
±16.6 ppm
G.823
GR-1244-CORE
Notes: (i) The frequency acceptance and generation range will be ±4.6 ppm around the required frequency when the external crystal
frequency accuracy is within a tolerance of ±4.6 ppm.
(ii) The fundamental acceptance range and generation range is ± 9.2 ppm with an exact external crystal frequency of 12.8 MHz. This is
the default DPLL range, the range is also programmable from 0 to 80 ppm in 0.08 ppm steps.
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
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DATASHEET
Figure 3 Minimum Input Jitter Tolerance (OC-3/STM-1)
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
Jitter and Wander Frequency (log scale)
f0
f1
f2
f3
f4
f5
f6
f7
f8
f9
F8530_003MINIPJITTOLOC3STM1_02
Note...For inputs supporting G.783[9] compliant sources.)
Table 8 Amplitude and Frequency Values for Jitter Tolerance (OC-3/STM-1)
STM
level
Peak to peak amplitude (unit
Interval)
A0
STM-1
2800
A1
A2
A3
A4
311 39 1.5 0.15
Frequency (Hz)
F0
F1
12 u 178 u 1.6 m
Frame Sync and MultiFrame Sync Clocks (Part of
TOUT0)
F3
15.6 m
F4
0.125
F5
F6
19.3
500
F7
F8
F9
6.5 k 65 k 1.3m
Low-speed Output Clock (TOUT4)
Frame Sync (8 kHz) and MultiFrame Sync (2 kHz) clocks
are provided on outputs TO10 (FrSync) and TO11
(MFrSync). The FrSync and MFrSync clocks have a 50:50
mark space ratio. These are driven from the TOUT0 clock.
They are synchronized with their counterparts in a second
ACS8510 Rev2.1 device (if used), using the technique
described later.
Output Clock Ports
The device supports a set of main output clocks, TOUT0
and TOUT4, and a pair of secondary output clocks, “FrameSync” and “Multi-Frame-Sync”. The two main output
clocks, TOUT0 and TOUT4, are independent of each other
and are individually selectable. The two secondary output
clocks, Frame-Sync and Multi-Frame-Sync, are derived
from TOUT0. The frequencies of the output clocks are
selectable from a range of pre-defined spot frequencies
and a variety of output technologies are supported, as
defined in Table 10.
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
F2
The TOUT4 clock is supplied on two output ports, TO8 and
TO9. The former port will provide an AMI signal carrying a
composite clock of 64 kHz and 8 kHz, according to ITU
Recommendation G.703. The latter port will provide a
TTL/CMOS signal at either 1.544 MHz or 2.048 MHz,
depending on the setting of the SONSDHB pin.
High-speed Output Clock (Part of TOUT0)
The TOUT0 port has multiple outputs. Outputs TO1and TO2
are TTL/CMOS output with a choice of 11 different
frequencies up to 51.84 MHz. Outputs TO3 to TO5 are all
TTL/CMOS outputs with fixed frequencies of 19.44 MHz,
38.88 MHz and 77.76 MHz respectively. Output TO6 is
differential and can support clocks up to 155.52 MHz.
Output TO7 is also differential and can support clocks up
to 155.52 MHz. Each output is individually configured to
operate at the frequencies shown in Table 10
(configuration must be consistent between ACS8510
Rev2.1 devices for protection-switching to be effective output clocks will be phase-aligned between devices).
Using the cnfg_differential_outputs register, outputs TO6
and TO7 can be made to be LVDS or PECL compatible.
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DATASHEET
Figure 4 Minimum Input Jitter Tolerance (DS1/E1)
Peak-to-peak Jitter and Wander Amplitude
(log scale)
A1
A2
Jitter and Wander Frequency (log scale)
f1
f2
f3
F8530D_004MINIPJITTOLDS1E1_02
f4
Table 9 Amplitude and Frequency Values for Jitter Tolerance (DS1/E1)
Type
Spec.
Amplitude (UIp-p)
A1
Frequency (Hz)
A2
F1
F2
F3
F4
DS1
GR-1244-CORE[19]
5
0.1
10
500
8k
40 k
E1
ITU G.823[13]
1.5
0.2
20
2.4 k
18 k
100k
Low Jitter Multiple E1/DS1 Outputs
This feature added to Rev2.1 is activated using the
cnfg_control1 register. This sends a frequency of twice
the Dig2 rate (see reg addr 39h, bits 7:6) to the APLL
instead of the normal 77.76 MHz. For this feature to be
used, the Dig2 rate must only be set to
12352 kHz/16384 kHz using the
cnfg_T0_output_frequencies register. The normal OC-3
rate outputs are then replaced with E1/DS1 multiple
rates. The E1(SONET)/DS1(SDH) selection is made in the
same way as for Dig2 using the cnfg_T0_output_enable
register.
Table 11 shows the relationship between primary output
frequencies and the corresponding output in E1/DS1
mode, and which output they are available from.
Output Wander and Jitter
Wander and jitter present on the output clocks are
dependent on:
1. The magnitude of wander and jitter on the selected
input reference clock (in Locked mode)
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
2. The internal wander and jitter transfer characteristic
(in Locked mode)
3. The jitter on the local oscillator clock
4. The wander on the local oscillator clock (in Holdover
mode).
Wander and jitter are treated in different ways to reflect
their differing impacts on network design. Jitter is always
strongly attenuated, whilst wander attenuation can be
varied to suit the application and operating state. Wander
and jitter attenuation is performed using a digital phase
locked loop (DPLL) with a programmable bandwidth. This
gives a transfer characteristic of a low pass filter, with a
programmable pole. It is sometimes necessary to change
the filter dynamics to suit particular circumstances - one
example being when locking to a new source, the filter can
be opened up to reduce locking time and can then be
gradually tightened again to remove wander. Since
wander represents a relatively long-term deviation from
the nominal operating frequency, it affects the rate of
supply of data to the network element. Strong wander
attenuation limits the rate of consumption of data to
within a smaller range, so a larger buffer store is required
to prevent data loss. But, since any buffer store potentially
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DATASHEET
Table 10 Output Reference Source Selection Table
Port
Name
Output Port
Technology
Frequencies Supported
T01
TTL/CMOS
1.544 MHz/2.048 MHz, 3.088 MHz/4.096 MHz, 6.176 MHz/8.192 MHz, 6.48 MHz (default), 12.352
MHz/16.384 MHz, 19.44 MHz, 25.92 MHz
T02
TTL/CMOS
1.544 MHz/2.048 MHz, 3.088 MHz/4.096 MHz, 6.176 MHz/8.192 MHz, 12.352 MHz/16.384 MHz, 25.92 MHz,
38.88 MHz (default), 51.84 MHz
T03
TTL/CMOS
19.44 MHz - fixed
T04
TTL/CMOS
38.88 MHz - fixed
T05
TTL/CMOS
77.76 MHz - fixed
T06
LVDS/PECL
(LVDS default)
1.544 MHz/2.048 MHz, 3.088 MHz/4.096 MHz, 6.176 MHz/8.192 MHz, 12.352 MHz/16.384 MHz, 19.44 MHz,
38.88 MHz (default), 155.52 MHz, 311.04 MHz
T07
PECL/LVDS
(PECL default)
19.44 MHz (default), 51.84 MHz, 77.76 MHz, 155.52 MHz
T08
AMI
64/8 kHz (composite clock, 64 kHz + 8 kHz)
T09
TTL/CMOS
1.544 MHz/2.048 MHz
T010
TTL/CMOS
FrSync, 8 kHz - with a 50:50 MSR
T011
TTL/CMOS
MFrSync, 2 kHz - with a 50:50 MSR
Note...1.544 MHz/2.048 MHz are shown for SONET/SDH respectively. Pin SONSDHB controls default, when High SONET is default.
Table 11 Multiple E1/DS1 Outputs in Relation to Standard Outputs
Mode
Freq to
APLL
APLL Multiplier
Defaul 77.76
t
4
APLL
Freq
311.04
clk_ filt
311.04
clk_
filt/2
clk_
filt/4
155.52 77.76
n
value
clk_ filt/6
51.84
16
clk_
filt/8
38.88
clk_
filt/12
25.92
8
clk_
filt/16
19.44
clk_
filt/48
6.48
DPLL
Freq
77.76
4
n x E1 32.768 4
131.072 131.072 65.536 32.768
21.84533
16.384
10.92267
8.192
2.730667 77.76
n x T1
98.816
16.46933
12.352
8.234667
6.176
2.058667 77.76
24.704 4
98.816
49.408 24.704
T01
T02
T03
Frequencies Available by Output
T04
T05
T06
T06
T07
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increases latency, wander may often only need to be
removed at specific points within a network where buffer
stores are acceptable, such as at digital cross connects.
Otherwise, wander is sometimes not required to be
attenuated and can be passed through transparently. The
ACS8510 Rev2.1 has programmable wander transfer
characteristics in a range from 0.1 Hz to 20 Hz. The
wander and jitter transfer characteristic is shown in
Figure 5.
Wander on the local oscillator clock will not have
significant effect on the output clock whilst in Locked
mode, so long as the DPLL bandwidth is set high enough
so that the DPLL can compensate quickly enough for any
frequency changes in the crystal. In Free-run or Holdover
mode wander on the crystal is more significant. Variation
in crystal temperature or supply voltage both cause drifts
in operating frequency, as does ageing. These effects
must be limited by careful selection of a suitable
DATASHEET
component for the local oscillator, as specified in the
Section “Local Oscillator Clock” on page 8.
Phase Variation
There will be a phase shift across the ACS8510 Rev2.1
between the selected input reference source and the
output clock. This phase shift may vary over time but will
be constrained to lie within specified limits. The phase
shift is characterized using two parameters, MTIE
(Maximum Time Interval Error), and TDEV (Time
Deviation), which, although being specified in all relevant
specifications, differ in acceptable limits in each one.
Typical measurements for the ACS8510 Rev2.1 are
shown in Figures 6 and 7, for Locked mode operation.
Figure 8 shows a typical measurement of Phase Error
accumulation in Holdover mode operation.
The required performance for phase variation during
Holdover is specified in several ways depending upon the
particular circumstances pertaining:
Figure 5 Sample of Wander and Jitter Measured Transfer Characteristics
F8530D_005WANJITTXFR_04bitmap.bmp
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DATASHEET
1. ETSI 300 462-5, Section 9.1, requires that the short
term phase error during switchover (i.e., Locked to
Holdover to Locked) be limited to an accumulation
rate no greater than 0.05 ppm during a 15 second
interval.
slips (of 125 µs each) occur during the first day of
Holdover. This requires a frequency accuracy better
than:
2. ETSI 300 462-5, Section 9.2, requires that the long
term phase error in the Holdover mode should not
exceed
Temperature variation is not restricted, except to
within the normal bounds of 0 to 50 °C.
((24x60x60)+(255x125µs))/(24x60x60) = 0.37 ppm
4. Telcordia GR.1244.CORE, Section 5.2., Table 4,
shows that an initial frequency offset of 50 ppb is
permitted on entering Holdover, whilst a drift over
temperature of 280 ppb is allowed; an allowance of
40 ppb is permitted for all other effects.
{(a1+a2)S+0.5bS2+c}
where
a1 = 50 ns/s (allowance for initial frequency offset)
a2 = 2000 ns/s (allowance for temperature variation)
b = 1.16 x 10-4 ns/s2 (allowance for ageing)
c = 120 ns (allowance for entry into Holdover mode).
5. ITU G.822, Section 2.6, requires that the slip rate
during category (b) operation (interpreted as being
applicable to Holdover mode operation) be limited to
less than 30 slips (of 125 µs each) per hour:
3. ANSI Tin1.101-1994, Section 8.2.2, requires that the
phase variation be limited so that no more than 255
((((60 x 60)/30)+125µs)/(60x60)) = 1.042 ppm
Figure 6 Maximum Time Interval Error of Tout0 Output Port
Figure 7 Time Deviation of Tout0 Output Port
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DATASHEET
Figure 8 Phase Error Accumulation of T0 PLL Output Port in Holdover Mode
10000000
Phase Error (ns)
1000000
Permitted Phase Error Limit
100000
10000
1000
100
Typical measurement, 25°C constant temperature
10000
1000
Phase Build-Out
Phase Build-Out (PBO) is the function to minimize phase
transients on the output SEC clock during input reference
switching. If the currently selected input reference clock
source is lost (due to a short interruption, out of frequency
detection, or complete loss of reference), the second, next
highest priority reference source will be selected. During
this transition, the Lost_Phase mode is entered.
The typical phase disturbance on clock reference source
switching will be less than 12 ns on the ACS8510 Rev2.1.
For clock reference switching caused by the main input
failing or being disconnected, then the phase disturbance
on the output will still be less than the 120 ns allowed for
in the G.813 spec. The actual value is dependent on the
frequency being locked to.
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
100000
Observation interval (s)
ITU-T G.813 states that the max allowable short term
phase transient response, resulting from a switch from
one clock source to another, with Holdover mode entered
in between, should be a maximum of 1 µs over a 15
second interval. The maximum phase transient or jump
should be less than 120 ns at a rate of change of less
than 7.5 ppm and the Holdover performance should be
better than 0.05 ppm.
On the ACS8510 Rev2.1, PBO can be enabled, disabled or
frozen using the µP interface. By default, it is enabled.
When PBO is enabled, it can also be frozen, which will
disable the PBO operation on the next input reference
switch, but will
remain with the current offset. If PBO is disabled while the
device is in the Locked mode, there will be a phase jump
on the output SEC clocks as the DPLL locks back to 0
degree phase error.
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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Microprocessor Interface
FINAL
value is stored sequentially, with ROM address 0
corresponding to register address 0 and so on.
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 incorporates a microprocessor
interface, which can be configured for the following
modes via the bus interface mode control pins
UPSEL(2:0) as defined in Table 12.
The value in the chip_id location (address 00 & 01) is
checked to see if it matches the ID number of the
ACS8510 Rev2.1 (value 213E). Upon a successful
number match, the remaining data from the ROM is used
to set the internal register values. Only 64 locations in the
ROM are required.
Table 12 Microprocessor Interface Mode Selection
UPSEL(2:0)
Mode
Description
111 (7)
OFF
Interface disabled
110 (6)
OFF
Interface disabled
101 (5)
SERIAL
Serial uP bus interface
100 (4)
MOTOROLA
Motorola interface
011 (3)
INTEL
Intel compatible bus interface
010 (2)
MULTIPLEXED
Multiplexed bus interface
001 (1)
EPROM
EPROM read mode
000 (0)
OFF
Interface disabled
DATASHEET
Register Set
All registers are 8-bits wide, organized with the mostsignificant bit positioned in the left-most bit, with bit
significance decreasing towards the right most bit. Some
registers carry several individual data fields of various
sizes, from single-bit values (e.g. flags) upwards. Several
data fields are spread across multiple registers; their
organization is shown in the register map, Table 13.
Configuration Registers
Motorola Mode
Parallel data + address: this mode is suitable for use with
Motorola's 68x0 type bus.
Intel Mode
Parallel data + address: this mode is suitable for use with
Intel's 80x86 type bus.
Multiplexed Mode
Data/address: this mode is suitable for use with
microprocessors which share bus signals between
address and data (e.g., Intel's 80x86 family).
Each configuration register reverts to a default value on
power-up or following a reset. Most default values are
fixed, but some will be pinsettable. All configuration
registers can be read out over the microprocessor port.
Status Registers
The Status Registers contain readable registers. They may
all be read from outside the chip but are not writeable
from outside the chip (except for a clearing operation). All
status registers are read via shadow registers to avoid
data hits due to dynamic operation. Each individual status
register has a unique location.
Serial Mode
Register Access
This mode is suitable for use with microprocessor which
use a serial interface.
Most registers are of one of two types, configuration
registers or status registers, the exceptions being the
chip_ID and chip_revision registers. Configuration
registers may be written to or read from at any time (the
complete 8-bit register must be written, even if only one
bit is being modified). All status registers may be read at
any time and, in some status registers (such as the
sts_interrupts register), any individual data field may be
cleared by writing a “1” into each bit of the field (writing a
“0” value into a bit will not affect the value of the bit). A
description of each register is given in the Register Map,
and Register Map Description.
EPROM Mode
This mode is suitable for simple standalone applications
where it is required to change the default loading of the
register values to suit different applications.
This can be done by loading values from an external ROM.
The data is read from the ROM automatically after powerup when the UPSEL(2:0) pins are set to “001”. Each
register
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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Interrupt Enable and Clear
FINAL
Interrupt requests are flagged on pin INTREQ
(active High). Bits in the interrupt status register
are set (high) by the following conditions:
1. Any reference source becoming valid or going invalid
2. A change in the operating state (e.g. Locked, Holdover
etc.)
3. A brief loss of the currently selected reference source
4. An AMI input error
DATASHEET
failure detection if desired. It is triggered after missing just
a couple of cycles of the reference source. Some
applications require the facility to switch downstream
devices based on the status of the reference sources. In
order to provide extra flexibility, it is possible to flag the
“main reference failed” interrupt (addr 06, bit 6) on the
pin TDO. This is simply a copy of the status bit in the
interrupt register and is independent of the mask register
settings. The bit is reset by writing to the interrupt status
register in the normal way. This feature can be enabled
and disabled by writing to bit 6 of register 48Hex.
Register Map
All interrupt sources are maskable via the mask register,
each one being enabled by writing a “1” to the appropriate
bit. Any unmasked bit set in the interrupt status register
will cause the interrupt request pin to be asserted (high).
All interrupts are cleared by writing a '1' to the bit(s) to be
cleared in the status register. When all pending
unmasked interrupts are cleared the interrupt pin will go
inactive (low).
The loss of the currently selected reference source will
eventually cause the input to be considered invalid,
triggering an interrupt. The time taken to raise this
interrupt is dependant on the leaky bucket configuration
of the activity monitors. The fastest leaky bucket setting
will still take up to 128 ms to trigger the interrupt. The
interrupt caused by the brief loss of the currently selected
reference source is provided to facilitate very fast source
Shaded areas in the map are “don’t care” and writing
either 0 or 1 will not affect any function of the device.
Bits labelled Set to 0 or Set to 1 must be set as stated
during initialization of the device, either following power
up, or after a power on reset (POR). Failure to correctly set
these bits may result in the device operating in an
unexpected way.
Some registers do not appear in this list. These are either
not used, or have test functionality. Do not write to any
undefined registers as this may cause the device to
operate in a test mode. If an undefined register has been
inadvertently addressed, the device should be reset to
ensure the undefined registers are at default values.
Table 13 Register Map
Addr
(Hex)
00
01
Register Name
7 (msb)
6
5
4
chip_id
(read only)
02
chip_revision
(read only)
03
cnfg_control1
(read/write)
04
cnfg_control2
(read/write)
05
sts_interrupts
(read/write)
06
Data Bit
3
2
1
0 (lsb)
Device part number (7:0)
Device part number (15:8)
Chip revision number (7:0)
Multiple
E1/T1 O/P
Analog
div sync
Set to 0
Phase loss flag limit
8k Edge
Polarity
Set to 0
Set to 0
Set to 0
Set to 1
Set to 0
<I_8> valid <I_7> valid <I_6> valid <I_5> valid <I_4> valid <I_3> valid <I_2> valid <I_1> valid
change
change
change
change
change
change
change
change
Operating
mode
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
Main ref.
failed
<I_14>
valid
change
Page 20
<I_13>
valid
change
<I_12>
valid
change
<I_11>
valid
change
<I_10>
valid
change
<I_19>
valid
change
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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DATASHEET
Table 13 Register Map
Addr
(Hex)
Register Name
7 (msb)
08
sts_T4_inputs
(read/write)
09
sts_operating_mode
(read only)
0A
sts_priority_table
(read only)
0B
0C
0D
Data Bit
6
5
4
3
T4 ref failed Ami2
Violation
0F
10
Ami2
L.O.S.
1
0 (lsb)
Ami1
Violation
Ami1 L.O.S.
Operating mode (2:0)
Highest priority valid source
Currently selected reference source
3rd highest priority valid source
2nd highest priority valid source
sts_curr_inc_offset
(read only)
Current increment offset (7:0)
Current increment offset (15:8)
07
0E
2
Current increment offset (18:16)
sts_sources_valid
(read only)
<I_8>
<I_6>
<I_5>
<I_4>
<I_3>
<I_2>
<I_1>
<I_14>
<I_13>
<I_12>
<I_11>
<I_10>
<I_19>
status <I_2>
status <I_1>
status <I_4>
status <I_3>
12
status <I_6>
status <I_5>
13
status <I_8>
status <I_7>
14
status <I_10>
status <I_9>
15
status <I_12>
status <I_11>
16
status <I_14>
status <I_13>
programmed_priority <I_2>
programmed_priority <I_1>
programmed_priority <I_4>
programmed_priority <I_3>
1A
programmed_priority <I_6>
programmed_priority <I_5>
1B
programmed_priority <I_8>
programmed_priority <I_7>
1C
programmed_priority <I_10>
programmed_priority <I_9>
1D
programmed_priority <I_12>
programmed_priority <I_11>
1E
programmed_priority <I_14>
programmed_priority <I_13>
11
18
19
sts_reference_sources
(read/write)
<I_7>
cnfg_ref_selection_
priority
(read/write)
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
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FINAL
DATASHEET
Table 13 Register Map
Addr
(Hex)
20
Register Name
Data Bit
7 (msb)
5
4
3
2
1
0 (lsb)
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_1>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_1>(3:0)
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_2>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_2>(3:0)
22
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_3>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_3>(3:0)
23
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_4>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_4>(3:0)
24
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_5>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_5>(3:0)
25
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_6>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_6>(3:0)
26
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_7>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_7>(3:0)
27
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_8>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_8>(3:0)
28
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_9>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_9>(3:0)
29
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_10>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_10>(3:0)
2A
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_11>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_11>(3:0)
2B
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_12>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_12>(3:0)
2C
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_13>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_13>(3:0)
2D
divn
lock8k
bucket_id <I_14>(1:0)
reference_source_frequency <I_14>(3:0)
21
30
31
cnfg_ref_source_
frequency
(read/write)
6
cnfg_sts_remote_
sources_ valid
(read/write)
32
cnfg_operating_mode
(read/write)
33
cnfg_ref_selection
(read/write)
34
cnfg_mode
(read/write)
35
cnfg_T4
(read/write)
36
cnfg_differential_inputs
(read/write)
37
cnfg_uPsel_pins
(read only)
38
cnfg_T0_output_enable
(read/write)
39
cnfg_T0_output_
frequencies
(read/write)
Remote status, channels <8:1>
Remote status, channels <14:9>
Forced operating mode
force_select_reference_source
Auto
external
2K enable
Phase
alarm
timeout
enable
Clock edge
Holdover
Offset
enable
Squelch
Select
T0/T1
External 2K SONET/
Sync
SDH
enable
I/P
Master/
Slave
Reversion
mode
Force T1 input source selection
(only valid for inputs I_5 to I_10)
<I_6>
PECL
<I_5>
PECL
Microprocessor type
311.04
1=SONET
MHz on T06 0=SDH
for Dig2
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
Digital2
1=SONET
0=SDH
for Dig1
T01
Digital1
Page 22
T02
T03
19.44 MHz
T02
T04
T05
38.88 MHz 77.76 MHz
T01
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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DATASHEET
Table 13 Register Map
Addr
(Hex)
Register Name
Data Bit
7 (msb)
6
3A
cnfg_differential_
outputs
(read/write)
T07 Frequency
selection
3B
cnfg_bandwidth
(read/write)
Auto b/w
switch
Acq/lock
3C
cnfg_nominal_frequency
(read/write)
3D
3E
3F
42
43
4
T06 Frequency
selection
T07 PECL
enable
Set to 0
0 (lsb)
T06 LVDS
enable
T06 PECL
enable
Normal/locked bandwidth
Nominal frequency (15:8)
Holdover offset (7:0)
Holdover offset (15:8)
Holdover offset (18:16)
cnfg_freq_limit
(read/write)
cnfg_interrupt_mask
(read/write)
1
Nominal frequency (7:0)
DPLL Frequency offset limit (7:0)
DPLL Frequency offset
limit (9:8)
<I_8> valid <I_7> valid <I_6> valid <I_5> valid <I_4> valid <I_3> valid <I_2> valid <I_1> valid
change
change
change
change
change
change
change
change
Operating
mode
Main ref.
failed
<I_14>
valid
change
45
47
2
Auto
Holdover
Averagin
44
46
3
T07 LVDS
enable
Acquisition bandwidth
cnfg_holdover_offset
(read/write)
40
41
5
cnfg_freq_divn
(read/write)
<I_13>
valid
change
<I_12>
valid
change
<I_11>
valid
change
<I_10>
valid
change
<I_19>
valid
change
T4 ref
Ami2
Violation
Ami2
L.O.S
Ami1
Violation
Ami1
L.O.S
Divide-input-by-n ratio (7:0)
Divide-input-by-n ratio (13:8)
48
cnfg_monitors
(read/write)
50
cnfg_activ_upper_
threshold0
(read/write)
Configuration 0: Activity alarm set threshold (7:0)
51
cnfg_activ_lower_
threshold0
(read/write)
Configuration 0: Activity alarm reset threshold (7:0)
52
cnfg_bucket_size0
(read/write)
Configuration 0: Activity alarm bucket size (7:0)
53
cnfg_decay_rate0
(read/write)
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
Flag ref lost Ultra-fast
on TDO
switching
External
source
switch
enable
Freeze
phase
buildout
Phase
buildout
enable
Frequency monitors
configuration (1:0)
Cfg 0:decay_rate (1:0)
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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FINAL
DATASHEET
Table 13 Register Map
Addr
(Hex)
Register Name
Data Bit
7 (msb)
6
5
4
3
2
54
cnfg_activ_upper_
threshold1
(read/write)
Configuration 1: Activity alarm set threshold (7:0)
55
cnfg_activ_lower_
threshold1
(read/write)
Configuration 1: Activity alarm reset threshold (7:0)
56
cnfg_bucket_size1
(read/write)
Configuration 1: Activity alarm bucket size (7:0)
57
cnfg_decay_rate1
(read/write)
58
cnfg_activ_upper_
threshold2
(read/write)
Configuration 2: Activity alarm set threshold (7:0)
59
cnfg_activ_lower_
threshold2
(read/write)
Configuration 2: Activity alarm reset threshold (7:0)
5A
cnfg_bucket_size2
(read/write)
Configuration 2: Activity alarm bucket size (7:0)
5B
cnfg_decay_rate2
(read/write)
5C
cnfg_activ_upper_
threshold3
(read/write)
Configuration 3: Activity alarm set threshold (7:0)
5D
cnfg_activ_lower_
threshold3
(read/write)
Configuration 3: Activity alarm reset threshold (7:0)
5E
cnfg_bucket_size3
(read/write)
Configuration 3: Activity alarm bucket size (7:0)
5F
cnfg_decay_rate3
(read/write)
7F
cnfg_uPsel
(read/write)
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
1
0 (lsb)
Cfg 1:decay_rate (1:0)
Cfg 2:decay_rate (1:0)
Cfg 3:decay_rate (1:0)
Micro-processor type
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Register Map Description
FINAL
DATASHEET
Table 14 Register Description
Addr.
(Hex)
Register Name
chip_id
Description
Default Value (Bin)
This register contains the chip ID = 8510 (decimal)
00
Bits (7:0) Chip ID bits (7:0
00111110
01
Bits (7:0) Chip ID bits (15:8)
00100001
This read only register contains the chip revision number
This revision = 1
Last revision (engineering samples) = 0
00000001
02
03
chip_revision
cnfg_control1
Bits (7:6) Unused
Bit 5
=1 32/24 MHz to APLL: Feeds 2x Dig2 frequency to the APLL instead of the normal
77.76 MHz. Thus the normal OC-3/STM1 outputs are replaced with multiple E1/T1
rates. Note: Dig2 set bits (Reg. 39h Bits (7:6)) must be set to 11 for this mode.
=0 77.76MHz to APLL
Bit 4
=1 Synchronizes the dividers in the output APLL section to the dividers in the DPLL
section such that their phases align. This is necessary in order to have phase
alignment between inputs and output clocks at OC-3 derived rates (6.48 MHz to
77.76 MHz). Keeping this bit high may be necessary to avoid the dividers getting out
of synchronization when quick changes in frequency occur such as a force into FreeRun.
=0 The dividers may get out of phase following step changes in frequency, but in this
mode the correct number of high frequency edges is guaranteed within any
synchronization period. The output will frequency lock (default).
The device will always remain in synchronization 2 seconds from a reset, before the
default setting applies.
Bits 3
XX000000
Test control - leave unchanged, or set to 0
Bit 2
=1 When in 8k locking mode the system will lock to the rising input clock edge.
=0 When in 8k locking mode the system will lock to the falling input clock edge.
Bits (1:0) Test controls - leave unchanged, or set to 00
04
cnfg_control2
Bits (7:6) Unused
Bits (5:3) define the phase loss flag limit. By default set to 4 (100) which corresponds
to approximately 140°. A lower value sets a corresponding lower phase limit. The flag
limit determines the value at which the DPLL indicates phase lost as a result of input
jitter, a phase jump, or a frequency jump on the input
XX100010
Bits (2:0) Test controls - leave unchanged, or set to 010
05
06
sts_interrupts
Bits (7:0) <I_8> to <I_1>
00000000
Bits (7:0) Operating mode, main ref failed, <I_14> to <I_9>
00000000
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DATASHEET
Table 14 Register Description (cont...)
Addr.
(Hex)
08
Register Name
sts_T4_inputs
Description
Default Value (Bin)
This register holds the status flags of the AMI inputs and the TOUT4 reference. The
alarms once set will hold their state until reset. Each bit may be cleared individually by
writing a “1” to that bit, thus resetting the interrupt. Writing “0”s will have no effect.
These bits can also generate interrupts.
Bits (7:5) Unused.
Bit 4
=1
=0
Bit 3
=1
=0
Bit 2
=1
=0
Bit 1
=1
=0
Bit 0
=1
=0
09
sts_operating_mode
T4 reference failed - no valid TIN1 input (<I_10>:<I_5>), T4 DPLL cannot
lock to source (default)
T4 reference good - valid TIN1 input available.
XXX10000
Ami2 Violation detected
Ami2 clear (default)
Ami2 Loss of signal
Ami2 clear (default)
Ami1 Violation detected
Ami1 clear (default)
Ami1 Loss of signal
Ami1 clear (default)
This read-only register holds the current operating state of the main state machine.
Figure 11 shows how the values of the “operating state” variable match with the
individual states.
Bits (7:3) Unused.
Bits (2:0)
001
010
100
110
101
111
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
State
Free-Run (default)
Holdover
Locked
Pre-locked
Pre-locked2
Phase lost
XXXXX001
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ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
FINAL
DATASHEET
Table 14 Register Description (cont...)
Addr.
(Hex)
Register Name
sts_priority_table
Description
Default Value (Bin)
This is a 16-bit read-only register.
Bits (15:12) Third highest priority valid source: this is the channel number of the input
reference source which is valid and has the next-highest priority to the secondhighest-priority valid source.
Bits (11:8) Second highest priority valid source: this is the channel number of the
input reference source which is valid and has the next-highest priority to the highestpriority valid source.
Bits (7:4) Highest priority valid source: this is the channel number of the input
reference source which is valid and has the highest priority - it may not be the same
as the currently selected reference source (due to failure history or changes in
programmed priority).
Bits (3:0) Currently selected reference source: this is the channel number of the
input reference source which is currently input to DPLL.
Note that these registers are updated by the state machine in response to the
contents of the cnfg_ref_selection_priority register and the ongoing status of
individual channels; channel number “0000”, appearing in any of these registers,
indicates that no channel is available for that priority.
0A
Bits (7:4) Highest priority valid source (sts_priority_table bits (7:4))
Bits (3:0) Currently selected reference source (sts_priority_table bits (3:0))
0000000
0B
Bits (7:4) 3rd-highest priority valid source (sts_priority_table bits (15:12))
Bits (3:0) 2nd-highest priority valid source (sts_priority_table bits (11:8))
0000000
sts_curr_inc_offset
This read-only register contains a signed-integer value representing the 19 significant
bits of the current increment offset of the digital PLL. The register may be read
periodically to build up a historical database for later use during holdover periods
(this would only be necessary if an external oscillator which did not meet the stability
criteria described in Local Oscillator Clock section is used). The register will read
00000000 immediately after reset.
0C
Bits (7:0) sts_curr_inc_offset bits (7:0)
00000000
0D
Bits (7:0) sts_curr_inc_offset bits (15:8)
00000000
07
Bits (7:3) Unused
Bits (2:0) sts_curr_inc_offset bits (18:16)
XXXXX000
sts_sources_valid
This register contains a bit to show validity for every reference source.
=1 Valid source
=0 Invalid source (default)
0E
Bits (7:0) <I_8> to <I_1>
00000000
0F
Bits (7:6) Unused
Bits (5:0) <I_14> to <I_9>
XX000000
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
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DATASHEET
Table 14 Register Description (cont...)
Addr.
(Hex)
Register Name
sts_reference_sources
Description
Default Value (Bin)
This is a 7-byte register which holds the status of each of the 14 input reference
sources. The status of each reference source is shown in a 4-bit field. Each bit is
active high.To aid status checking, a copy of each status bit 3 is provided in the
sts_sources_valid register. The status is reported as follows: (Each bit may be cleared
individually)
Status bit 3 = Source valid (no alarms) (bit 3 is combination of bits (2:0)) (default 0)
Status bit 2 = out-of-band alarm (default 1)
Status bit 1 = no activity alarm (default 1)
Status bit 0 = phase lock alarm (default 0)
10
Bits (7:4) Status of input reference source <I_2>
Bits (3:0) Status of input reference source <I_1>
01100110
11
Bits (7:4) Status of input reference source <I_4>
Bits (3:0) Status of input reference source <I_3>
01100110
12
Bits (7:4) Status of input reference source <I_6>
Bits (3:0) Status of input reference source <I_5>
01100110
13
Bits (7:4) Status of input reference source <I_8>
Bits (3:0) Status of input reference source <I_7>
01100110
14
Bits (7:4) Status of input reference source <I_10>
Bits (3:0) Status of input reference source <I_9>
01100110
15
Bits (7:4) Status of input reference source <I_12>
Bits (3:0) Status of input reference source <I_11>
01100110
16
Bits (7:4) Status of input reference source <I_14>
Bits (3:0) Status of input reference source <I_13>
01100110
cnfg_ref_selection_
priority
This register holds the priority of each of the 14 input reference sources. The priority
values are all relative to each other, with lower-valued numbers taking higher
priorities. Only the values “1” to “15” (dec) are valid - “0” disables the reference
source. Each reference source should be given a unique number, however two
sources given the same priority number will be assigned on a first in first out basis.
It is recommended to reserve the priority value “1” as this is used when forcing
reference selection via the cnfg_ref_selection register. If the user does not intend to
use the cnfg_ref_selection register then the priority value “1” need not be reserved.
18
Bits (7:4) Programmed priority of input reference source <I_2>
00110010
Bits (3:0) Programmed priority of input reference source <I_1>
19
Bits (7:4) Programmed priority of input reference source <I_4>
01010100
Bits (3:0) Programmed priority of input reference source <I_3>
1A
Bits (7:4) Programmed priority of input reference source <I_6>
01110110
Bits (3:0) Programmed priority of input reference source <I_5>
1B
Bits (7:4) Programmed priority of input reference source <I_8>
10011000
Bits (3:0) Programmed priority of input reference source <I_7>
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Table 14 Register Description (cont...)
Addr.
(Hex)
1C
Register Name
cnfg_ref_selection_
priority
(continued)
1D
Description
Bits (7:4)Programmed priority of input reference source <I_10>
10111010
Bits (3:0)Programmed priority of input reference source <I_9>
Bits (7:4)Programmed priority of input reference source <I_12>
Bits (3:0)Programmed priority of input reference source <I_11>
1E
Default Value (Bin)
11010001
(MSTSLVB=0)
11011100
(MSTSLVB=1)
Bits (7:4)Programmed priority of input reference source <I_14>
11111110
Bits (3:0)Programmed priority of input reference source <I_13>
cnfg_ref_source_
frequency
This register is used to set up each of the 14 input reference sources.
Bits (7:6) of each byte defines the operation undertaken on the input frequency, in
accordance with the following key:
00
01
10
11
The input frequency is fed directly into the DPLL. (default).
The input frequency is internally divided down to 8 kHz, before being fed into
the DPLL. (For high jitter tolerance).
Unsupported configuration - do not use.
Uses the division coefficient stored in registers 46 and 47 (cnfg_freq_divn) to
divide the input by this value prior to being fed into the DPLL. The frequency
monitors must be disabled. The divided down frequency should equal 8 kHz.
The frequency (3:0) should be set to the nearest spot frequency just below the
actual input frequency. The DivN feature works for input frequencies between
1.544 MHz and 100 MHz.
Bits (5:4) define which leaky bucket group (0-3) is used, as defined in registers 50 to
5F. (default 00).
Bits (3:0) defines the frequency of the reference source in accordance with the
following:
0000 8 kHz (fixed <I_1>, <I_2>, default <I_3>, <I_4>)
0001 1.544 MHz (SONET)/2.048 MHz (SDH) (as defined by register 34, bit 2)
(default <I_12>, <I_13>, <I_14>)
0010 6.48 MHz (default <I_11> when MSTSLVB = 1)
0011 19.44 MHz (default <I_11> when MSTSLVB=0, and <I_5>, <I_6>, <I_7>
<I_8>, <I_9>, <I_10>)
0100 25.92 MHz
0101 38.88 MHz
0110 51.84 MHz
0111 77.76 MHz
1000 155.52 MHz
1001 2 kHz
1010 4 kHz
20
Frequency of reference source <I_1> - fixed at 00000000 for 8 kHz only
00000000
21
Frequency of reference source <I_2> - fixed at 00000000 for 8 kHz only
00000000
22
Frequency of reference source <I_3>
00000000
23
Frequency of reference source <I_4>
00000000
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Table 14 Register Description (cont...)
Addr.
(Hex)
24
Register Name
Default Value (Bin)
Frequency of reference source <I_5>
00000011
Frequency of reference source <I_6>
00000011
26
Frequency of reference source <I_7>
00000011
27
Frequency of reference source <I_8>
00000011
28
Frequency of reference source <I_9>
00000011
29
Frequency of reference source <I_10>
00000011
2A
Frequency of reference source <I_11>
00000010
(MSTSLVB=0)
00000011
(MSTSLVB=1)
2B
Frequency of reference source <I_12>
00000001
2C
Frequency of reference source <I_13>
00000001
2D
Frequency of reference source <I_14>
00000001
25
cnfg_ref_source_
frequency
(continued)
Description
cnfg_sts_remote_
sources_ valid
This register holds the status of the reference sources supplied to the other device in
a master/slave configuration. It is a copy of the other device's sts_sources_valid
register. The register is part of the protection mechanism.
30
Bits (7:0) Reference sources <I_8>:<I_1>
11111111
31
Bits (7:6) Unused
Bits (5:0) Reference sources <I_14>:<I_9>
XX111111
32
cnfg_operating_mode
This register is used to force the device into a desired operating state, represented by
the binary values shown in Figure 11. Value 0 (hex) allows the control state machine
to operate automatically.
XXXXX000
Bits (7:3)Unused
Bits (2:0)Desired operating state (as per Figure 11)
33
cnfg_ref_selection
This register is used to force the device to select a particular input reference source,
irrespective of its priority. Writing to this register temporarily raises the selected input
to priority “1”. Provided no other input is already programmed with priority “1”, and
revertive mode is on, this source will be selected..
XXXx1111
Bits (7:4) Unused.
Bits (3:0) Desired reference source (0000 and 1111 disables the force selection,
and allows automatic selection of all sources, default is 1111)
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Table 14 Register Description (cont...)
Addr.
(Hex)
34
Register Name
cnfg_mode
Description
Default Value (Bin)
This register contains several individual configuration fields, as detailed below:
Bit 7
=1 Auto 2 kHz Sync enable: External 2 kHz Sync will be enabled only when the source
is locked to 6.48 MHz. Otherwise it will be disabled (default)
=0 Auto 2 kHz Sync disable: The user controls this function using bit 3 of this register,
as described below.
Bit 6
=1 Phase Alarm Timeout enable: The phase alarm will timeout after 100 seconds
(default).
=0 Phase Alarm Timeout disable: The phase alarm will not timeout and must be reset
by software.
Bit 5
=1 Rising Clock Edge selected: The device will reference to the rising edge of the
external 12.8 MHz crystal oscillator signal
=0 Falling edge Edge selected: The device will reference to the falling edge of the
external 12.8 MHz crystal oscillator signal (default).
Bit 4
=1 Holdover offset enable: The device will adopt the Holdover offset value stored in
the cnfg_holdover_offset register, in order to set the frequency in Holdover
=0 Holdover offset disable: The device will ignore the value and Holdover will freeze
the frequency of the DPLL on entering Holdover mode (default).
Bit 3
= 1 External 2 kHz Sync Enable: The device will align the phase of its internally
generated Frame Sync signal (8 kHz) and MultiFrame Sync signal (2 kHz) with that of
the signal supplied to the Sync2K pin. The device should be locked to a 6.48 MHz
output from another ACS8510 Rev2.1.
= 0 External 2 kHz Sync Disable: The device will ignore the Sync2k pin.
Bit 2
= 1 SONET Mode: The device expects the input frequency of any input channel given
the value '0001' in the cnfg_ref_source_frequency register to be 1544 kHz
= 0 SDH Mode: The device expects the input frequency of any input channel given the
value “0001” in the cnfg_ref_source_frequency register to be 2048 kHz.
At start up or reset the bit value will be defaulted to the setting of pin SONSDHB. This
setting can subsequently be altered by changing this bit value.
11001000
(MSTSLVB=0)
(SONSDHB=0)
11001100
(MSTSLVB=0)
(SONSDHB=1)
11000010
(MSTSLVB=1)
(SONSDHB=0)
11000110
(MSTSLVB=1)
(SONSDHB=1)
Bit 1
= 1 Master Mode: The device will adopt the master mode and make the active
decisions of which source to select, etc. This bit is writeable, but its default value is
determined by the pin, MSTSLVB.
= 0 Slave Mode: The device will adopt the slave mode and will follow the master
device.
At start up or reset the bit value will be defaulted to the setting of pin MSTSLVB. This
setting can subsequently be altered by changing this bit value.
Bit 0
= 1 Revertive Mode: The device will switch to the highest priority source available
shown in the sts_priority_table register, bits (7:4)
= 0 Non Revertive Mode: The device will retain the presently selected source (default)
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Table 14 Register Description (cont...)
Addr.
(Hex)
35
Register Name
cnfg_T4
Description
Default Value (Bin)
This controls DPLL _T4 (output on TO8/TO9) and input source selection:
Bits (7:6) Unused
Bit 5
=1
=0
DPLL_T4 is turned off (squelched)
DPLL_T4 is on (default)
Bit 4
=1
=0
Selects which DPLL (T4 or T0) source feeds outputs TO8/TO9:
DPLL_T0 output is fed to outputs TO8 and TO9
DPLL_T4 output is fed to outputs TO8 and TO9
XX000000
Bits (3:0) Input source selection. The device will switch to the source shown in this
field for the generation of the TOUT4 signal. If '0' it will select the highest priority active
TIN1.
36
cnfg_differential_inputs
This register contains two individual configuration fields, as follows:
Bits (7:2) Unused
37
cnfg_uPsel_pins
Bit 1
=1
=0
Input <I_6> is PECL-compatible (Default)
Input <I_6> is LVDS-compatible
Bit 0
=1
=0
Input <I_5> is PECL-compatible
Input <I_5> is LVDS-compatible (Default)
This read only register returns a value indicating the microprocessor type selected at
power up or reset. This is set by the configuration of the UPSEL pins (pins 58 - 60). If
the UPSEL pin configuration is changed while the device is operating no effect will
take place, but this register will reflect that change, so indicating the configuration
that will be implemented at the next power up or reset.
The microprocessor type can be changed with the device operational, though register
7F.
Bits (7:3) Unused.
Bit (2:0)
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
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Microprocessor type
OFF (interface disabled)
EPROM
MULTIPLEXED
INTEL
MOTOROLA
SERIAL
OFF (interface disabled)
OFF (interface disabled)
Page 32
XXXXXX10
Bits(7:3)=
XXXXX
Bits(2:0)=
UPSEL
pin
configuration
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Table 14 Register Description (cont...)
Addr.
(Hex)
38
Register Name
cnfg_T0_output_enable
Description
Default Value (Bin)
This register contains several individual configuration fields, as follows:
Bit 7
=1
=0
Bit 6
=1
=0
Bit 5
=1
=0
Bit 4
=1
=0
Bit 3
=1
=0
T06 output frequency set to 311.04 MHz *
T06 output frequency set by Address 3A (5:4) (default)
SONET mode selected for Dig2
SDH mode selected for Dig2 (default)
- see register cnfg_T0_output_frequencies
SONET mode selected for Dig1
SDH mode selected for Dig1 (default)
- see register cnfg_T0_output_frequencies
Output port T01 enabled (default)
Output port T01 disabled**
- see register cnfg_T0_output_frequencies
00011111
Output port T02 enabled (default)
Output port T02 disabled**
- see register cnfg_T0_output_frequencies
Bit 2
=1
=0
Output port T03 enabled (19.44 MHz*) (default)
Output port T03 disabled**
Bit 1
=1
=0
Output port T04 enabled (38.88 MHz*) (default)
Output port T04 disabled**
Bit 0
=1
=0
Output port T05 enabled (77.76 MHz*) (default)
Output port T05 disabled**
Notes:
* Defaults frequencies are changed to multiples of E1/T1 if the appropriate bit of the
cnfg_control1 register is set to 1. For details, see Table 10.
** “Disabled” means that the output port holds a static logic value (the port is not Tristated).
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Table 14 Register Description (cont...)
Addr.
(Hex)
39
Register Name
cnfg_T0_output_
frequencies
Description
Default Value (Bin)
This register holds the frequency selections for each output port, as detailed below.*
Bits (7:6) Dig2
00
1544 kHz/2048 kHz (default)
01
3088 kHz/4096 kHz
10
6176 kHz/8192 kHz
11
12352 kHz/16384 kHz
Bits (5:4) Dig1
00
1544 kHz/2048 kHz (default)
01
3088 kHz/4096 kHz
10
6176 kHz/8192 kHz
11
12352 kHz/16384 kHz
Bits (3:2) T02
00
25.92 MHz
01
51.84 MHz
10
38.88 MHz (default)
11
Dig2
Bits (1:0) T01
00
6.48 MHz (default)
01
25.92 MHz
10
19.44 MHz
11
Dig1
0000100
For Dig1/Dig2 the frequency values are shown for SONET/SDH. They are selected via
the SONET/SDH bits in register cnfg_T0_output_enable.
Note:
* The above frequencies are changed to multiples of E1/T1 if the appropriate bit of
the cnfg_control1 register is set to 1. For details, see Table 10.
3A
cnfg_differential_
outputs
This register holds the frequency selections and the port-technology type for the
differential outputs, T06 and T07, as detailed below.
Bits (7:6) T07
00
155.52 MHz
01
51.84 MHz
10
77.76 MHz
11
19.44 MHz (default)
Bits (5:4) T06
00
38.88 MHz (default)
01
19.44 MHz
10
155.52 MHz
11
Dig1
Bits (3:2)T07
00 Port disabled
01
PECL-compatible (default)
10
LVDS-compatible
11
Unused
Bits (1:0) T06
00
Port disabled
01
PECL-compatible
10
LVDS-compatible (default)
11
Unused
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Table 14 Register Description (cont...)
Addr.
(Hex)
3B
Register Name
cnfg_bandwidth
cnfg_nominal_frequency
Description
Default Value (Bin)
This register contains information used to control the operation of the digital PLL.
When bandwidth selection is set to automatic, the DPLL will use the acquisition
bandwidth setting when out of lock, and the normal/locked bandwidth setting when
in lock. When set to manual, the DPLL will always use the normal/locked bandwidth
setting.
Bit 7
=1
=0
Automatic operation
Manual operation (default)
Bits (6:4)
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
Acquisition bandwidth
0.1 Hz
0.3 Hz
0.5Hz
1.0 Hz
2.0 Hz
4.0 Hz
8.0 Hz
17 Hz (default)
Bit 3
Unused
Bit (2:0)
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
Loop bandwidth
0.1 Hz
0.3 Hz
0.5 Hz
1.0 Hz
2.0 Hz
4.0 Hz (default)
8.0 Hz
17 Hz
0111X101
This register holds a 16 bit unsigned integer allowing compensation for offset of the
crystal oscillator from the nominal 12.8 MHz. See “Crystal Frequency Calibration” on
page 9. Default results in 0 ppm adjustment.
3C
Bits (7:0) cnfg_nominal_frequency bits (7:0)
10011001
3D
Bits (7:0) cnfg_nominal_frequency bits (15:8)
10011001
cnfg_holdover_offset
This register holds a 19-bit signed integer, representing the holdover offset value,
which can be used to set the holdover mode frequency when enabled via the
holdover offset enabled bit in the cnfg_mode register.
3E
Bits (7:0) cnfg_holdover_offset bits (7:0)
00000000
3F
Bits (7:0) cnfg_holdover_offset bits (15:8)
00000000
40
Bit 7
=1 Auto Holdover Averaging enable. This enables the frequency average to be taken
from 32 samples. One sample taken every 32 seconds, after the frequency has been
confirmed to be in-band by the frequency monitors. This gives a 17 minute history of
the currently locked to reference source for use in Holdover. (default).
=0 Auto Holdover Averaging disabled.
1XXXX000
Bits (6:3) Unused
Bits (2:0) cnfg_holdover_offset bits (18:16)
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Table 14 Register Description (cont...)
Addr.
(Hex)
Register Name
cnfg_freq_limit
Description
Default Value (Bin)
This register holds a 10 bit unsigned integer representing the pull-in range of the
DPLL. It should be set according to the accuracy of crystal implemented in the
application, using the following formula:
Frequency range ±(ppm) = (cnfg_freq_limit x 0.0785)+0.01647 or
cnfg_freq_limit = (Frequency range ± (ppm) - 0.01647) / 0.0785
Default value when SRCSW is left unconnected or tied low is ±9.3 ppm. Default value
when SRCSW is high is the full range of around ±80 ppm.
41
Bits (7:0) cnfg_freq_limit bits (7:0)
01110101
(SRCSW low)
11111111
(SRCSW high)
42
Bits (7:2) Unused
XXXXXX00
(SRCSW low)
XXXXXX11
(SRCSW high)
Bits (1:0) cnfg_freq_limit bits (9:8)
cnfg_interrupt_mask
Each bit, if set to 0 will disable the appropriate interrupt source in either the interrupt
status register or the sts_T4_inputs register.
43
Bits (7:0) cnfg_interrupt_mask bits (7:0)
11111111
44
Bits (7:0) cnfg_interrupt_mask bits (15:8)
11111111
45
Bits (7:5) Unused
Bits (4:0) cnfg_interrupt_mask bits (20:16)
XXX11111
cnfg_freq_divn
This 14 bit integer is used as the divisor for any input applied to <I_14>:<I_1> to get
the phase locking frequency desired. Only active for inputs with the DivN bit set to
“1”. This will cause the input frequency to be divided by (N+1) prior to phase
comparison, e.g. program N to:
((input freq)/ 8 kHz) -1
The reference_source_frequency bits should be set to reflect the closest spot
frequency to the input frequency, but must be lower than the input frequency.
46
Bits (7:0) cnfg_freq_divn bits (7:0)
00000000
47
Bits (7:6) Unused
Bits (5:0) cnfg_freq_divn bits (13:8)
XX000000
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Table 14 Register Description (cont...)
Addr.
(Hex)
48
Register Name
cnfg_monitors
Description
Default Value (Bin)
This 7 bit register allows global configuration of monitors and control of phase buildout.
Bit 7 Unused
Bit 6
=1 Enables value of the main_ref_failed interrupt to be driven out of pin TDO
=0 Disables value of the main_ref_failed interrupt from being driven out of pin TDO
(default).
Bit 5
=1 Enables ultra fast switching: Allows the DPLL to raise an inactivity alarm on the
currently selected source after missing only a few cycles. See “Ultra Fast Switching”
on page 40.
=0 Normal operation (default)
Bit 4
=1 Forces locking to <I_3> if pin SRCSW high, or <I_4> if SRCSW low
=0 Pin SRCSW ignored and automatic control enabled.
X0000101
(SRCSW low)
X0010101
(SRCSW high)
Bit 3
=1 Will freeze the output phase relationship with the current input to output phase
offset.
=0 Allows changes in input to output phase offset (Normal phase buildout mode)
(default).
Bit 2
=1 Enables phase build out (default).
=0 DPLL will always lock to 0°
Bits (1:0) are for configuring frequency monitors- 00 = off, 01 = 15 ppm (default),
others are reserved for future use.
50
cnfg_activ_upper_
threshold0
Bits (7:0) set the value in the leaky bucket that causes the activity alarm to be raised
51
cnfg_activ_lower_
threshold0
Bits (7:0) set the value in the leaky bucket that causes the activity alarm to be cleared
52
cnfg_bucket_size0
Bits (7:0) set the maximum value that the leaky bucket can reach given an inactive
input
53
cnfg_decay_rate0
Bits (7:2)Unused
Bits (1:0) control the leak rate of the leaky bucket. The fill-rate of the bucket is +1 for
every 128 ms interval that has experienced some level of inactivity. The decay rate is
programmable in ratios of the fill rate. The ratio can be set to 1:1, 2:1, 4:1, 8:1 by
using values of 00, 01, 10, 11 respectively. However, these buckets are not “true”
leaky buckets in nature. The bucket stops “leaking” when it is being filled. This means
that the fill and decay rates can be the same (00 = 1:1) with the net effect that an
active input can be recognized at the same rate as an inactive one.
54
cnfg_activ_upper_
threshold1
As for Reg. 50 but for bucket 1
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00000110
00000100
00001000
XXXXXX01
00000110
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Table 14 Register Description (cont...)
Addr.
(Hex)
Register Name
Description
Default Value (Bin)
55
cnfg_activ_lower_
threshold1
As for Reg. 51 but for bucket 1
56
cnfg_bucket_size1
As for Reg. 52 but for bucket 1
00001000
57
cnfg_decay_rate1
As for Reg. 53 but for bucket 1
XXXXXX01
58
cnfg_activ_upper_
threshold2
As for Reg. 50 but for bucket 2
59
cnfg_activ_lower_
threshold2
As for Reg. 51 but for bucket 2
5A
cnfg_bucket_size2
As for Reg. 52 but for bucket 2
00001000
5B
cnfg_decay_rate2
As for Reg. 53 but for bucket 2
XXXXXX01
5C
cnfg_activ_upper_
threshold3
As for Reg. 50 but for bucket 3
5D
cnfg_activ_lower_
threshold3
As for Reg. 51 but for bucket 3
5E
cnfg_bucket_size3
As for Reg. 52 but for bucket 3
00001000
5F
cnfg_decay_rate3
As for Reg. 53 but for bucket 3
XXXXXX01
7F
cnfg_uPsel
Bits (7:3) Unused
00000100
00000110
00000100
00000110
00000100
Bits (2:0) can be used to change the mode of the microprocessor interface. The
interface will initially be set as the pins UPSEL (pins 58 - 60) - the pin set up can be
read via register 37 (cnfg_uPsel_pins). At power up or reset the device will default to
this setting.
This register can be used to change the microprocessor mode after start up,
supporting booting from EPROM and subsequently communicating via another mode.
At start up the EPROM will down load the pre-programmed settings for all the
registers, and as the last operation, action the change of interface with this last
register. It is recommended that this function is only used for EPROM start up
applications, as subsequent versions of this device may only allow operation in this
way. The bits are defined in Table 11 or as given in Reg. 37 of the register map
description.
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Bits(7:3)=
XXXXX
Bits(2:0)=
Pin dependent
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Also, in a Master/Slave redundancy-protection scheme,
Selection of Input Reference Clock Source
Under normal operation, the input reference sources are
selected automatically by an order of priority. But, for
special circumstances, such as chip or board testing, the
selection may be forced by configuration.
Automatic operation selects a reference source based on
its pre-defined priority and its current availability. A table
is maintained which lists all reference sources in the order
of priority. This is initially downloaded into the ACS8510
Rev2.1 via the microprocessor interface by the Network
Manager, and is subsequently modified by the results of
the ongoing quality monitoring. In this way, when all the
defined sources are active and valid, the source with the
highest programmed priority is selected but, if this source
fails, the next-highest source is selected, and so on.
Restoration of repaired reference sources is handled
carefully to avoid inadvertent disturbance of the output
clock. The ACS8510 Rev2.1 has two modes of operation;
Revertive and Non-Revertive. In Revertive mode, if a
revalidated (or newly validated) source has a higher
priority than the reference source which is currently
selected, a switchover will take place. Many applications
prefer to minimize the clock switching events and choose
Non-Revertive mode. In Non-Revertive mode, when a revalidated (or newly validated) source has a higher priority
then the selected source will be maintained. The revalidation of the reference source will be flagged in the
sts_sources_valid register and, if not masked, will
generate an interrupt. Selection of the re-validated source
can only take place under software control - the software
should briefly enable Revertive mode to affect a switchover to the higher priority source. If the selected source
fails under these conditions the device will indicate that it
is still locked to the failed reference. It will not select the
higher priority source until instructed to do so by the
software; by briefly setting the Revertive mode bit. When
there is a reference available with higher priority than the
selected reference, there will be NO change of reference
source as long as the Non-Revertive mode remains on
AND the device will remain indicating a locked state on
the failed reference. This is the case even if there are
lower priority references available or the currently
selected reference fails. When the ONLY valid reference
sources that are available have a lower priority than the
selected reference, a failure of the selected reference will
always trigger a switchover, regardless of whether
Revertive or Non-Revertive mode has been chosen.
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
the Slave device(s) must follow the Master device. The
alignment of the Master and Slave devices is part of the
protection mechanism. The availability of each source is
determined by a combination of local and remote
monitoring of each source. Each input reference source
supplied to each ACS8510 Rev2.1 device is monitored
locally and the results are made available to other
devices.
Forced Control Selection
A configuration register, cnfg_ref_selection, controls both
the choice of automatic or forced selection and the
selection itself (when forced selection is required). The
forced selection of an input reference source occurs when
the cnfg_ref_selection variable contains a non-zero value,
the value then representing the input port required to be
selected. This is not the normal mode of operation, and
the cnfg_ref_selection variable is defaulted to the all-one
value on reset, thereby adopting the automatic selection
of the reference source.
Automatic Control Selection
When an automatic selection is required, the
cnfg_ref_selection register must be set to all zero or all
one. The configuration registers,
cnfg_ref_selection_priority, held in the µP port block,
consists of seven, 8 bit registers organised as one 4-bit
register per input reference port. Each register holds a 4bit value which represents the desired priority of that
particular port. Unused ports should be given the value,
'0000' or '1111', in the relevant register to indicate they
are not to be included in the priority table. On power-up, or
following a reset, the whole of the configuration file will be
defaulted to the values defined by Table 6. The selection
priority values are all relative to each other, with lowervalued numbers taking higher priorities. Each reference
source should be given a unique number, the valid values
are 1 to 15 (dec). A value of 0 disables the reference
source. However if two or more inputs are given the same
priority number those inputs will be selected on a first in,
first out basis. If the first of two same priority number
sources goes invalid the second will be switched in. If the
first then becomes valid again, it becomes the second
source on the first in, first out basis, and there will not be
a switch. If a third source with the same priority number
as the other two becomes valid, it joins the priority list on
the same first in, first out basis. There is no implied priority
based on the channel numbers.
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The input port <I_11> is for the connection of the
synchronous clock of the TOUT0 output of the Master
device (or the active-Slave device), to be used to align the
TOUT0 output with the Master (or active-Slave) device if
this device is acting in a subordinate-Slave or
subordinate-Master role.
Ultra Fast Switching
A reference source is normally disqualified after the leaky
bucket monitor thresholds have been crossed. An option
for a faster disqualification has been implemented,
whereby if register 48H, bit 5 (Ultra Fast Switching), is set
then a loss of activity of just a few reference clock cycles
will set the “no activity alarm” and cause a reference
switch. This can be chosen to cause an interrupt to occur
instead of or as well as causing the reference switch. The
sts_interrupts register 05 Hex Bit 14 (main_ref_failed) of
the interrupt status register is used to flag inactivity on the
reference that the device is locked to much faster than
the activity monitors can support. If bit 6 of the
cnfg_monitors register (flag ref loss on TDO) is set, then
the state of this bit is driven onto the TDO pin of the
device.
The flagging of the loss of the main reference failure on
TDO is simply allowing the status of the sts_interrupt bit
14 to be reflected in the state of the TDO output pin. The
pin will, therefore remain High until the interrupt is
cleared. This functionality is not enabled by default so the
usual JTAG functions can be used. When JTAG is normally
used straight out of power-up, then this feature will have
no bearing on the functionality. The TDO flagging feature
will need to be disabled if JTAG is not enabled on powerup and the feature has since been enabled.
When the TDO output from the ACS8510 Rev2.1 is
connected to the TDI pin of the next device in the JTAG
scan chain, the implementation should be such that a
logic change caused by the action of the interrupt on the
TDI input should not effect the operation when JTAG is not
active.
External Protection Switching
DATASHEET
configures the default frequency tolerance of <I_3> and
<I_4> to +/- 80 ppm (register address 41Hex and 42Hex).
Any of these registers can be subsequently set by external
software if required.
When external protection switching is enabled, the device
will operate as a simple switch. All clock monitoring is
disabled and the DPLL will simply be forced to try to lock
on to the indicated reference source.
Clock Quality Monitoring
Clock quality is monitored and used to modify the priority
tables of the local and remote ACS8510 Rev2.1 devices.
The following parameters are monitored:
1. Activity (toggling)
2. Frequency (This monitoring is only performed
whenthere is no irregular operation of the clock or loss of
clock condition)
In addition, input ports <I_1> and <I_2> carry AMIencoded composite clocks which are monitored by the
AMI-decoder blocks. Loss of signal is declared by the
decoders when either the signal amplitude falls below
+0.3 V or there is no activity for 1 ms.
Any reference source which suffers a loss-of-signal, lossof-activity, loss-of-regularity or clock out-of-band condition
will be declared as unavailable.
Clock quality monitoring is a continuous process which is
used to identify clock problems. There is a difference in
dynamics between the selected clock and the other
reference clocks.
Anomalies occurring on non-selected reference sources
affect only that source's suitability for selection, whereas
anomalies occurring on the selected clock could have a
detrimental impact on the accuracy of the output clock.
Anomalies, whether affecting signal purity or signal
frequency, could induce jitter or frequency offsets in the
output clock, leading to anomalous behavior. Anomalies
on the selected clock, therefore, have to be detected
Fast external switching between inputs <I_3> and <I_4>
can also be triggered directly from a dedicated pin
(SRCSW). This mode can be activated either by holding
this pin high during reset, or by writing to bit 4 of register
address 48Hex. Once external protection switching is
enabled, then the value of this pin directly selects either
<I_3> (SRCSW high) or <I_4> (SRCSW low). If this mode is
activated at reset by pulling the SRCSW pin high, then it
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DATASHEET
Figure 9 Inactivity and Irregularity Monitoring
Inactivities/Irregularities
Reference
Source
bucket_size
Leaky
Bucket
Response
upper_threshold
lower_threshold
Programmable Fall Slopes
(all programmable)
Alarm
F8530D_026Inact_Irreg_Mon_02
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
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as they occur and the phase locked loop must be
temporarily isolated until the clock is once again pure. The
clock monitoring process cannot be used for this because
the high degree of accuracy required dictates that the
process be slow. To achieve the immediacy required by
the phase locked loop requires an alternative
mechanism. The phase locked loop itself contains
appropriate circuitry, based around the phase detector,
and isolates itself from the selected reference source as
soon as a signal impurity is detected. It can likewise
respond to frequency offsets outside the permitted range
since these result in saturation of the phase detector.
When the phase locked loop is isolated from the
reference source, it is essentially operating in a Holdover
state; this is preferable to feeding the loop with a standby
source, either temporarily or permanently, since
excessive phase excursions on the output clock are
avoided.
Anomalies detected by the phase detector are integrated
in a leaky bucket accumulator. Occasional anomalies do
not cause the accumulator to cross the alarm setting
threshold, so the selected reference source is retained.
Persistent anomalies cause the alarm setting threshold to
be crossed and result in the selected reference source
being rejected.
Activity Monitoring
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 has a combined inactivity and
irregularity monitor. The ACS8510 Rev2.1 uses a “leaky
bucket” accumulator, which is a digital circuit which
mimics the operation of an analog integrator, in which
input pulses increase the output amplitude but die away
over time. Such integrators are used when alarms have to
be triggered either by fairly regular defect events, which
occur sufficiently close together, or by defect events
which occur in bursts. Events which are sufficiently
spread out should not trigger the alarm. By adjusting the
alarm setting threshold, the point at which the alarm is
triggered can be controlled. The point at which the alarm
is cleared depends upon the decay rate and the alarm
clearing threshold. On the alarm setting side, if several
events occur close together, each event adds to the
amplitude and the alarm will be triggered quickly; if events
occur a little more spread out, but still sufficiently close
together to overcome the decay, the alarm will be
triggered eventually. If events occur at a rate which is not
sufficient to overcome the decay, the alarm will not be
triggered. On the alarm clearing side, if no defect events
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DATASHEET
occur for a sufficient time, the amplitude will decay
gradually and the alarm will be cleared when the
amplitude falls below the alarm clearing threshold. The
ability to decay the amplitude over time allows the
importance of defect events to be reduced as time passes
by. This means that, in the case of isolated events, the
alarm will not be set, whereas, once the alarm becomes
set, it will be held on until normal operation has persisted
for a suitable time (but if the operation is still erratic, the
alarm will remain set). See Figure 9.
The “leaky bucket” accumulators are programmable for
size, alarm set & reset thresholds and decay rate. Each
source is monitored over a 128 ms period. If, within a 128
ms period, an irregularity occurs that is not deemed to be
due to allowable jitter/wander, then the accumulator is
incremented. The accumulator will continue to increment
up to the point that it reaches the programmed bucket
size. The “fill rate” of the leaky bucket is, therefore, 8
units/second.
The “leak rate” of the leaky bucket is programmable to be
in multiples of the fill rate (x1, x0.5, x0.25 and x0.125) to
give a programmable leak rate from 8 units/sec down to
1 unit/sec. A conflict between trying to “leak” at the same
time as a “fill” is avoided by preventing a “leak” when a
“fill” event occurs. Disqualification of a non-selected
reference source is based on inactivity, or on an out of
band result from the frequency monitors. The currently
selected reference source can be disqualified for phase,
frequency, inactivity or if the source is outside the DPLL
lock range. If the currently selected reference source is
disqualified, the next highest priority, active reference
source is selected.
Frequency Monitoring
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 performs frequency monitoring to
identify reference sources which have drifted outside the
acceptable frequency range of ±16.6 ppm (measured
with respect to the output clock). The
sts_reference_sources out-of-band alarm for a particular
reference source is raised when the reference source is
outside the acceptable frequency range. The ACS8510
Rev2.1 DPLL has a programmable frequency limit of
±80 ppm. If the range is programmed to be > 16.6 ppm,
the frequency monitors should be disabled so the input
reference source is not automatically rejected as out of
frequency range.
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Modes of Operation
FINAL
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 has three primary modes of
operation (Free-run, Locked and Holdover) supported by
three secondary, temporary modes (Pre-Locked,
Lost_Phase and Pre-Locked2). These are shown in the
State Transition Diagram, Figure 11.
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 can operate in Forced or Automatic
control. On reset, the ACS8510 Rev2.1 reverts to
Automatic Control, where transitions between states are
controlled completely automatically. Forced Control can
be invoked by configuration, allowing transitions to be
performed under external control. This is not the normal
mode of operation, but is provided for special occasions
such as testing, or where a high degree of hands-on
control is required.
Free-run mode
The Free-run mode is typically used following a power-onreset or a device reset before network synchronization
has been achieved. In the Free-run mode, the timing and
synchronization signals generated from the ACS8510
Rev2.1 are based on the Master clock frequency provided
from the external oscillator and are not synchronized to
an input reference source. The frequency of the output
clock is a fixed multiple of the frequency of the external
oscillator, and the accuracy of the output clock is equal to
the accuracy of the Master clock.
The transition from Free-run to Pre-locked occurs when
the ACS8510 Rev2.1 selects a reference source.
reference source. Variations of the external crystal
frequency have a minimal effect on the output frequency.
Only the minimum to maximum frequency range is
affected. Note that the term, 'in phase', is not applied in
the conventional sense when the ACS8510 Rev2.1 is
used as a frequency translator (e.g., when the input
frequency is 2.048 MHz and the output frequency is
19.44 MHz) as the input and output cycles will be
constantly moving past each other; however, this
variation will itself be cyclical over time unless the input
and output are not locked.
Lost_Phase mode
Lost-phase mode is entered when the current phase
error, as measured within the DPLL, is larger than a preset
limit (see register 04, bits 5:3), as a result of a frequency
or phase transient on the selected reference source.
This mode is similar in behavior to the Pre-locked or
Pre-locked(2) modes, although in this mode the DPLL is
attempting to regain lock to the same reference rather
than attempt lock to a new reference.
If the DPLL cannot regain lock within 100 s, the source is
disqualified, and one of the following transitions takes
place:
1. Go to Pre-Locked(2);
- If a known-good standby source is available.
2. Go to Holdover;
- If no standby sources are available.
Pre-Locked mode
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 will enter the Locked state in a
maximum of 100 seconds, as defined by GR-1244-CORE
specification, if the selected reference source is of good
quality. If the device cannot achieve lock within 100
seconds, it reverts to Free-run mode and another
reference source is selected.
Locked mode
The Locked mode is used when an input reference source
has been selected and the PLL has had time to lock.
When the Locked mode is achieved, the output signal is in
phase and locked to the selected input reference source.
The selected input reference source is determined by the
priority table.
When the ACS8510 Rev2.1 is in Locked mode, the output
frequency and phase follows that of the selected input
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DATASHEET
Holdover mode
The Holdover mode is used when the ACS8510 Rev2.1
has been in Locked mode for long enough to acquire
stable frequency data, but the final selected reference
source has become unavailable and a replacement has
not yet been qualified for selection. In Holdover mode, the
ACS8510 Rev2.1 provides the timing and synchronization
signals to maintain the Network Element (NE), but they
are not phase locked to any input reference source.
The timing is based on a stored value of the frequency
ratio obtained during the last Locked mode period.
To allow for further development of the way the internal
algorithm operates, and to allow for customized switching
behavior, the switch to and from Holdover state may be
controlled by external software.
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The device must be set in either “manual” mode or
“automatic” mode:
1. Register cnfg_mode bit holdover offset enable set high
(manual mode). The Holdover frequency is determined by
the value in register cnfg_holdover_offset. This is a 19 bit
signed number, with a LSB resolution of 0.0003 ppm,
which gives an adjustment range of ±80 ppm. This value
can be derived from a reading of the register
sts_curr_inc_offset (addr 0D, 0C and 07) which gives, in
the same format, an indication of the current output
frequency deviation, which would be read when the
device is locked. If required, this value could be read by an
external microcontroller and averaged over the time
required. The averaged value could then be fed to the
cnfg_holdover_offset register ready for setting of the
averaged frequency value when the device enters
Holdover mode. The sts_curr_inc_offset value is internally
derived from the Digital Phase Locked Loop (DPLL)
integral path value, which already represents a well
averaged measure of the current frequency, depending
on the loop bandwidth selected.
2. Register cnfg_mode bit holdover offset enable set low
(automatic mode). In automatic control, the device can be
run in one of two ways:
2.1 Register cnfg_holdover_offset register 40 bit 7 auto
holdover averaging is set high. The value is averaged
internally over 32 samples at 32 seconds apart, giving the
average frequency over approximately the last 20
minutes.
The proportional DPLL path is ignored so that recent
signal disturbances do not affect the Holdover frequency
value. If the device has been previously correctly locked,
missing pulses in the input clock stream fed to the SETS
IC are ignored, hence also avoiding any frequency
disturbances to the output frequency value when an input
clock source fails.
2.2 Register cnfg_holdover_offset register 40 bit 7 auto
holdover averaging is set low. This simply freezes the
DPLL at the current frequency (as reported by the
sts_curr_inc_offset register). The proportional DPLL path
is ignored so that recent signal disturbances do not affect
the Holdover frequency value.
Automatic control with internal averaging (option 2.1) is
the default condition. If the TCXO frequency is varying due
to temperature fluctuations in the room, then the
instantaneous value can be different from the average
value, and then it may be possible to exceed the
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DATASHEET
0.05 ppm limit (depending on how extreme the
temperature fluctuations are). It is advantageous to
shield the TCXO to slow down frequency changes due to
drift and external temperature fluctuations.
The frequency accuracy of Holdover mode has to meet the
ITU-T, ETSI and Telcordia performance requirements. The
performance of the external oscillator clock is critical in
this mode, although only the frequency stability is
important - the stability of the output clock in Holdover is
directly related to the stability of the external oscillator.
Pre-Locked(2) mode
This state is very similar to the Pre-Locked state. It is
entered from the Holdover state when a reference source
has been selected and applied to the phase locked loop.
It is also entered if the device is operating in Revertive
mode and a higher-priority reference source is restored.
Upon applying a reference source to the phase locked
loop, the ACS8510 Rev2.1 will enter the Locked state in a
maximum of 100 seconds, as defined by GR-1244-CORE
specification, if the selected reference source is of good
quality.
If the device cannot achieve lock within 100 seconds, it
reverts to Holdover mode and another reference source is
selected.
Protection Facility
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 supports redundancy protection.
The primary functions of this include:
- Alignment of the priority tables of both Master and Slave
ACS8510 Rev2.1 devices so as to align the selection of
reference sources of both Master and Slave ACS8510
Rev2.1 devices.
- Alignment of the phases of the 8 kHz and 2 kHz clocks in
both Master and Slave ACS8510 Rev2.1 devices to within
one cycle of the 77.76 MHz internal clock.
When two ACS8510 Rev2.1 devices are to be used in a
redundancy-protection scheme within an NE, one will be
designated as the Master and the other as the Slave. It is
expected that an NE will use the TOUT0 output for its
internal operations because the TOUT4 output is intended
to feed an SSU/BITS system. An SSU/BITS will not be
bothered by phase differences between signals arriving
from different sources because it typically incorporates
line build-out functions to absorb phase differences on
reference inputs. This means that the phasing of the
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composite clocks between two ACS8510 Rev2.1 devices
do not have to be mutually-aligned. The same is not true,
however, of the TOUT0 output signals (T01 - T07, Frame
clock and Multi-Frame clock). It is usually important to
align the phases of all equivalent TOUT0 signals generated
by different sources so that switch-over from one device
to another does not affect the internal operations of the
NE. Both ACS8510 Rev2.1 devices will produce the same
signals, which will be routed around the NE to the various
consumers (clock sinks). With the possible exception of a
through-timing mode, the signals from the Master device
will be used by all consumers, unless the Master device
fails, when each consumer will switch over to the signals
generated by the Slave device.
Switchover to a new TOUT0 clock should be as hitless as
possible. This requires the signals of both ACS8510
Rev2.1 devices to be phase aligned at each consumer.
Phase alignment requires frequency alignment. To ensure
that both devices can generate output clocks locked to
the same source, both devices are supplied with the same
reference sources on the same input ports and will have
identical priority tables.
Failures of selected reference sources will result in both
ACS8510 Rev2.1 devices making the same updates to
their priority tables as availability information will be
updated in both devices. Although, in principle, the priority
tables will be the same if the same reference sources are
used on the same input port on each device, in practice,
this is only true if the reference sources actually arrive at
each device - failures of a source seen only by one device
and not by the other, such as could be caused, for
example, by a backplane connector failure, would result in
the priority tables becoming misaligned. It is thus
necessary to force the priority tables to be aligned under
normal operating conditions so that the devices can make
the same decisions - this can be achieved by loading the
availability seen by one device (via the
sts_reference_sources register) into the
cnfg_sts_remote_sources_valid register of the other
device. Another factor which could affect hit-less
switching is the frequency of the local oscillator clock
used by each ACS8510 Rev2.1 device: these clocks are
not mutually aligned and, whilst this has no impact on the
frequency of the output clocks during locked mode, it
could cause the output frequencies to diverge during
Holdover mode if no action were taken to avoid it. In order
to maintain alignment of the output frequencies of each
ACS8510 Rev2.1 device even during Holdover, the
Master device's 6.48 MHz output is fed into the Slave
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DATASHEET
device on its <I_11> pin, whilst the Multi-Frame Sync (2
kHz) output is fed to the Sync2k input of the Slave. In this
way, the Slave locks to the master's output and remains
locked whilst the Master moves between operating
states. Only when the Master fails does the Slave use its
own reference inputs - should the Master have been in the
Holdover state, the Slave device will see the same lack of
reference sources and also enter the Holdover state. This
scheme also provides a convenient way to phase-align all
TOUT0 output clocks in Master and Slave devices, and also
to detect the failure of the Master device.
If a Master device fails, the Slave has to take over
responsibility for the generation of the output clocks,
including the 8 kHz and 2 kHz Frame and Multi-Frame
clocks. The Slave device is also given responsibility for
building the priority table and performing the reference
switching operations. The Slave device, therefore, adopts
a more active role when the Master has failed. The
cnfg_mode register 34 (Hex) Bit 1 contains the
Master/Slave control bit to determine the designation of
the device.
To restore redundancy protection, the Master has to be
repaired and replaced. When this occurs, the new Master
cannot immediately adopt its normal role because it must
not cause phase hits on the output clocks. It has,
therefore, to adopt a subordinate role to the active Slave
device, at least until such time as it has acquired
alignment to the 8 kHz and 2 kHz frame and Multi-Frame
clocks and the priority table of the Slave device; then,
when a switch-back (restoration) is ordered, the Master
can take over responsibility. These activities, in Master or
Slave operation, are summarized in Table 15 and
described in detail in Application Note AN-SETS-2.
Alignment of Priority Tables in Master and Slave
ACS8510 Rev2.1
Correct protection will only be achieved by connecting
individual reference sources to the same input ports on
each device and priority tables in each device must be
aligned to each other.
The Master device must take account of the availability of
each reference source seen by another device and a
Slave device must adopt the same order of priority as the
Master device (except that the Slave's highest-priority
input is <I_11>). Both devices monitor the reference
sources and decide the availability of each source; if the
failure of a reference source is seen by both devices, they
will both update their priority tables - however, if the
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reference source failure is only seen by one device and
not by both, the priority tables could get out of step: this
could be catastrophic if it resulted in two devices choosing
different reference sources since any slight differences in
frequency variation over time (e.g. wander) would misalign the phase of the 8 kHz Frame and 2 kHz MultiFrame
clocks produced by the individual devices, resulting in
phase hits on switch-over. It is therefore important that
the same priority table be built by each device, using the
reference source availability seen by each device.
The monitoring of the reference sources performed by a
Master ACS8510 Rev2.1 results in a list of available
sources being placed in a sts_valid_sources register. This
information is used within the device as one of the masks
used to build the device's priority table. The information is
passed to the Slave device and used to configure the
cnfg_sts_remote_sources_valid register so that it can use
it as a mask in building its own priority tables. The
information is passed between devices using the
microprocessor port.
In accordance with the alignment mechanism used with
the main TOUT0 clock (described in the opening
paragraphs of this section), whereby the 6.48 MHz output
of the Master device is supplied to the Slave device, the
alignment of both the 8 kHz and 2 kHz clocks is
accomplished (they are already synchronous to the TOUT0
clocks) by feeding the 2 kHz clock of the Master device
into the Slave device. The MultiFrame Sync clock output
of the Slave device is also fed to the Sync2K input of the
Master device. Alignment of the Multi-Frame Sync input
occurs only when cnfg_mode register, bit 3, address
34Hex External 2 kHz Sync Enable is set to 1.
JTAG
The JTAG connections on the ACS8510 Rev2.1 allow a full
boundary scan to be made. The JTAG implementation is
fully compliant to IEEE 1149.1, with the following minor
exceptions, and the user should refer to the standard for
further information.
1. The output boundary scan cells do not capture data
from the core, and so do not support INTEST. However this
does not affect board testing.
Alignment of the Selection of Reference Sources
for TOUT4 Generation in the Master and Slave
ACS8510 Rev2.1
As stated previously, there is no need to align the phases
of the TOUT4 outputs in Master and Slave devices. There is
a need, however, to ensure that all devices select the
same reference source. But, since there is no Holdover
mode required for the generation of the TOUT4 clock, and
every reference source is continuously monitored within
each device, it is permissible to rely on external
intelligence to command a switchover to an alternative
source should the selected one fail. The time delay
involved in detecting the failure, indicating it to the
outside and selecting a new source, will result only in the
SSU/BITS entering its Holdover mode for a short time.
Alignment of the Phases of the 8 kHz and 2 kHz
Clocks in both Master and Slave ACS8510 Rev2.1
In addition to aligning the edges of the TOUT0 outputs of
Master and Slave devices, it is necessary to align the
edges of the Frame and MultiFrame clocks. If this is not
performed, frame alignment may be lost in distant
equipment on switch-over to an alternative device,
resulting in anomalous network operation of a very
serious nature.
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DATASHEET
2. In common with some other manufacturers, pin TRST is
internally pulled low to disable JTAG by default. The
standard is to pull high. The polarity of TRST is as the
standard: TRST high to enable JTAG boundary scan mode,
TRST low for normal operation.
3. The device does not support the optional tri-state
capability (HIGHZ). This will be supported on the next
revision of the device.
The JTAG timing diagram is shown in Figure 17.
PORB
The Power On Reset (PORB) pin resets the device if forced
Low for a power on reset to be initiated. The reset is
asynchronous, the minimum Low pulse width is 5 ns.
Reset is needed to initialize all of the register values to
their defaults. Asserting Reset is required at power on,
and may be re-asserted at any time to restore defaults.
This is implemented most simplistically by an external
capacitor to GND along with the internal pull-up resistor.
The ACS8510 Rev2.1 is held in a reset state for 250 ms
after the PORB pin has been pulled High. In normal
operation PORB should be held High.
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Figure 10 Master-Slave Schematic
Table 15 Master-Slave Relationship
Ref_sources to
Master ACS8510
Rev2.1
Ref_sources to
Slave ACS8510
Rev2.1
Master ACS8510
Rev2.1 Status
Slave ACS8510
Rev2.1 Status
Master ACS8510
Rev2.1
Slave ACS8510
Rev2.1 Output
All good
All good
Good
Good
Locked (ref_x)
Locked to Master
Some Failed
Some others failed Good
Good
Locked (ref_y)
Locked to Master
Good
Good
Good
Failed
Locked (ref_x)
Dead
Good
Good
Failed
Good
Dead
Locked (ref_x)
Good
Good
Failed
Failed
Dead
Dead
Failed
Failed
Failed
Good
Holdover
Locked to Master
Failed
Failed
Good
Failed
Holdover
Dead
Failed
Failed
Failed
Good
Dead
Holdover
Failed
Failed
Failed
Failed
Dead
Dead
Comments
Notes: (i) Both ACS8510 Rev2.1 must build a common priority table so that the Slave ACS8510 Rev2.1 can select the same input reference
source as the Master ACS8510 Rev2.1 if the Master fails (when the Master is OK, the Slave locks to the Master's output).
(ii) Slave ACS8510 Rev2.1 uses common priority table, built before Master ACS8510 Rev2.1 failed - priority table can be modified
asstatus of the input reference sources changes.
(iii) Slave ACS8510 Rev2.1 outputs must remain in phase with those of Master ACS8510 Rev2.1.
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Figure 11 Automatic Mode Control State Diagram
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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Electrical Specification
FINAL
DATASHEET
Maximum Ratings
Important Note: The “Absolute Maximum Ratings”are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at
conditions other than those indicated in the “Operating Conditions” sections of this specification are not implied.
Exposure to the absolute maximum ratings for an extended period may reduce the reliability or useful lifetime of the
product.
Table 16 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Symbol
Minimum
Maximum
Units
Supply Voltage VDD, VD+, VA1+, VA2+
VDD
-0.5
3.6
V
Input Voltage (non-supply pins)
VIN
-
5.5
V
VOUT
-
5.5
V
Output Voltage (non-supply pins)
TA
-40
+85
o
TSTOR
-50
+150
o
Ambient Operating Temperature Range
Storage Temperature
C
C
Operating Conditions
Table 17 Operating Conditions
Parameter
Symbol
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
Power Supply (dc voltage)
VDD, VD+, VA1+, VA2+, VAMI+, VDD_DIFF
VDD
3.0
3.3
3.6
V
Power Supply (dc voltage) VDD5
VDD5
3.0
3.3/5.0
5.5
V
Ambient Temperature Range
TA
-40
-
+85
o
Supply Current
(Typical - one 19 MHz output)
IDD
-
130
222
mA
Total Power Dissipation
PTOT
-
430
800
mW
C
DC Characteristics
Table 18 DC Characteristics: TTL Input Port
Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated
Parameter
Symbol
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
VIN High
VIH
2.0
-
-
V
VIN Low
VIL
-
-
0.8
V
Input Current
IIN
-
-
10
µA
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Table 19 DC Characteristics: TTL Input Port with Internal Pull-up
Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated
Parameter
Symbol
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
VIN High
VIH
2
-
-
V
VIN Low
VIL
-
-
0.8
V
Pull-up Resistor
PU
30
-
80
kΩ
Input Current
IIN
-
-
120
µΑ
Table 20 DC Characteristics: TTL Input Port with Internal Pull-down
Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated
Parameter
Symbol
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
VIN High
VIH
2.0
-
-
V
VIN Low
VIL
-
-
0.8
V
Pull-down Resistor
PD
30
-
80
kΩ
Input Current
IIN
-
-
120
µA
Symbol
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
VOUT Low (lOL = 4 mA)
VOL
0
-
0.4
V
VOUT High (lOH = 4 mA)
VOH
2.4
-
-
V
ID
-
-
4
mA
Table 21 DC Characteristics: TTL Output Port
Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated
Parameter
Drive Current
Table 22 DC Characteristics: PECL Input/Output Port
Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated
Parameter
Symbol
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
PECL Input Low Voltage
Differential Inputs (Note ii)
VILPECL
VDD-2.5
-
VDD-0.5
V
PECL Input High Voltage
Differential Inputs (Note ii)
VIHPECL
VDD-2.4
-
VDD-0.4
V
Input Differential Voltage
VIDPECL
0.1
-
1.4
V
VILPECL_S
VDD-2.4
-
VDD-1.5
V
PECL Input Low Voltage
Single-ended Input (Note iii)
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Table 22 DC Characteristics: PECL Input/Output Port (cont...)
Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated
Parameter
Symbol
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
VILPECL_S
VDD-1.3
-
VDD-0.5
V
Input High Current
Input Differential Voltage VID = 1.4V
IIHPECL
-10
-
+10
µA
Input Low Current
Input Differential Voltage VID = 1.4V
IILPECL
-10
-
+10
µA
PECL Output Low Voltage (Note iv)
VOLPECL
VDD-2.10
-
VDD-1.62
V
PECL Output High Voltage (Note iv)
VOHPECL
VDD-1.25
-
VDD-0.88
V
PECL Output Differential Voltage (Note iv)
VODPECL
580
-
900
mV
PECL Input High Voltage
Single-ended Input (Note iii)
Notes: (i) Unused differential input ports should be left floating and set in LVDS mode, or the positive and negative inputs tied to VDD and GND
respectively.
(ii) Assuming a differential input voltage of at least 100 mV.
(iii) Unused differential input terminated to VDD -1.4 V.
(iv) With 50 Ω load on each pin to VDD -2 V, i.e. 82 Ω to GND and 130 Ω to VDD.
Figure 12 Recommended Line Termination for PECL Input/Output Ports
V DD
V DD
130 Ω
n x 8 kHz,
1.544/2.048 MHz, ZO=50Ω
6.48 MHz,
19.44 MHz,
82 Ω
38.88 MHz,
51.84 MHz,
77.76 MHz or
ZO=50Ω
155.52 MHz
I5POS
T06POS
I5NEG
T06NEG
130 Ω
130 Ω
ZO=50Ω
82 Ω
GND
V DD
V DD
I6POS
T07POS
130 Ω
ZO=50Ω
82 Ω
130 Ω
I6NEG
130 Ω
Fully
Programmable
T07NEG
ZO=50Ω
82 Ω
82 Ω
GND
GND
V DD = +3.3 V
where n = integer 1 to 12,500
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
Fully
Programmable
82 Ω
ZO=50Ω
GND
130 Ω
n x 8 kHz,
1.544/2.048 MHz, ZO=50Ω
6.48 MHz,
19.44 MHz,
82 Ω
38.88 MHz,
51.84 MHz,
77.76 MHz or
ZO=50Ω
155.52 MHz
130 Ω
82 Ω
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Table 23 DC Characteristics: LVDS Input/Output Port
Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated
Parameter
Symbol
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
VVRLVDS
0
-
2.40
V
VDITH
-100
-
+100
mV
VIDLVTSDS
0.1
-
1.4
V
RTERM
95
100
105
Ω
LVDS Output High Voltage
(Note (i))
VOHLVDS
-
-
1.585
V
LVDS Output Low Voltage
(Note (i))
VOLLVDS
0.885
-
-
V
LVDS Differential Output Voltage
VODLVDS
250
-
450
mV
LVDS Change in Magnitude of Differential
Output Voltage for complementary States
(Note (i))
VDOSLVDS
-
-
25
mV
LVDS Output Offset Voltage
Temperature = 25oC (Note (i))
VOSLVDS
1.125
-
1.275
V
LVDS Input Voltage Range
Differential Input Voltage = 100 mV
LVDS Differential Input Threshold
LVDS Input Differential Voltage
LVDS Input Termination Resistance
Must be placed externally across the LVDS
± input pins of ACS8510 Rev2.1. Resistor
should be 100 Ω with 5% tolerance
Note:
(i) With 100 Ω load between the differential outputs.
Figure 13 Recommended Line Termination for LVDS Input/Output Ports
n x 8 kHz,
1.544/2.048 MHz, ZO=50Ω
6.48 MHz,
19.44 MHz,
100 Ω
38.88 MHz,
51.84 MHz,
77.76 MHz or
ZO=50Ω
155.52 MHz
n x 8 kHz,
1.544/2.048 MHz, ZO=50Ω
6.48 MHz,
19.44 MHz,
100 Ω
38.88 MHz,
51.84 MHz,
77.76 MHz or
ZO=50Ω
155.52 MHz
ZO=50Ω
I5POS
I5NEG
T06POS
100 Ω
Fully
Programmable
Frequency
100 Ω
Fully
Programmable
Frequency
T06NEG
ZO=50Ω
ZO=50Ω
I6POS
I6NEG
T07POS
T07NEG
ZO=50Ω
where n = integer 1 to 12,500
F8530D_025LVDS_05
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DC Characteristics: AMI Input/Output Port
(Across all operating Conditions, unless otherwise stated.)
The Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI) signal is DC balanced
and consists of positive and negative pulses with a peakto-peak voltage of 2.0 ±0.2 V.
The electrical specifications are taken from option a) of
Table 2/G.703 - Digital 64 kbit/s centralized clock
interface, from ITU G.703[6].
The electrical characteristics of the 64 kbit/s interface
are as follows:
Nominal bit rate: 64 kbit/s. The tolerance is determined
by the network clock stability.
DATASHEET
There should be a symmetrical pair carrying the
composite timing signal (64 kHz and 8 kHz). The use of
transformers is recommended.
Over-voltage protection requirement: refer to
Recommendation K.41[16]
Code conversion rules:
The data signals are coded in AMI code with 100% duty
cycle. The composite clock timing signals convey the
64 kHz bit-timing information using AMI coding with a
50% to 70% duty ratio and the 8 kHz octet phase
information by introducing violations in the code rule. The
structure of the signals and voltage level are shown in
Figure 14, Figure 15 and Figure 16.
Table 24 DC Characteristics: AMI Input/Output Port
Across all operating conditions, unless otherwise stated
Parameter
Symbol
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
Input Pulse Width
tPW
1.56
7.8
14.04
µs
Input Pulse Rise/Fall Time
tR/F
-
-
5
µs
AMI Input Voltage High
VIH AMI
2.5
-
VDD + 0.3
V
AMI Input Voltage Middle
VVIM AMI
1.5
1.65
1.8
V
AMI Input Voltage Low
VVIL AMI
0
-
1.4
V
AMI Output Current Drive
IAMIOUT
-
-
20
mA
AMI Output High Voltage
Output Current = 20mA
VOH AMI
VDD - 0.16
-
-
V
AMI Output Low Voltage
Output Current = 20mA
VOL AMI
-
-
0.16
V
Nominal Test Load Impedance
RTEST
-
110
-
Ω
“Mark” Amplitude After Transformer
VMARK
0.9
1.0
1.1
V
“Space” Amplitude After Transformer
VSPACE
- 0.1
0
0.1
V
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Figure 14 Signal Structure of 64 kHz/8 kHz Central Clock Interface)
6
Bit Number
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
Timing
Violation
Violation
Octet Start
Octet Start
15.6 us
7.8 us
+1.0 VIH
1V
2 V p-p
0 VIM
1V
-1.0 VIL
F8530D_019SigStrucCCI_01
Note...after suitable input/output transformer (also see G.703[6]).
Figure 15 AMI Input and Output Signal Levels
15.6 us
Signal structure of 64 kHz/8 kHz central
clock interface after suitable transformer.
7.8 us
+VDD
15.6 us
7.8 us
0V
+1.0 VIH
I1
2 V p-p
T08POS
C1
1V
0 VIM
C2
15.6 us
1V
-1.0 VIL
I2
T08NEG
7.8 us
+VDD
C1
0V
F8530D_020AMIIPandOPSigLevels_02
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Figure 16 Recommended Line Termination for AMI Output/Output Ports
Turns
ratio
3:1
AMI input
signal
I1
C1
Rload
C2
AMI input
signal
I2
AMI output signal
to external devices
TO8POS
C3
GND
TO8NEG
C1
F8530D_023AMI_lineterm_04
Note...The AMI inputs I1 and I2 should be connected to the external AMI clock source by 470 nF coupling capacitor C1.
The AMI differential output T08POS/T08NEG should be coupled to a line transformer with a turns ratio of 3:1.
Components C2 = 470 pF and C3 = 2 nF. If a transformer with a turns ratio of 1:1 is used, a 3:1 ratio potential
divider Rload must be used to achieve the required 1 V p-p voltage level for the positive and negative pulses.
Jitter Performance
Table 25 DC Characteristics: Output Jitter Generation (Test Definition G.813)
Across all operating conditions unless otherwise stated
Output jitter generation measured over 60 seconds interval, UIp-p max measured using Vectron 6664 12.8 MHz
TCXO on ICT Flexacom + 10 MHz reference from Wavetek 905.
Test Definition
[11]
Filter used
UI Spec
UI Measurement on ACS8510 Rev2.1
for 155 MHz option 1
500 Hz to 1.3 MHz UIp-p = 0.5
0.058 (Note (ii))
G813[11] for 155 MHz option 1
65 kHz to 1.3 MHz UIp-p = 0.1
0.048 (Note (iii)
0.048 (Note (ii))
G813
0.053 (Note (iv))
0.053 (Note (v))
0.058 (Note (vi))
0.053 (Note (vii))
G813
[11]
for 155 MHz option 2
12 kHz to 1.3 MHz UIp-p = 0.1
0.053 (Note (ii))
0.058 (Note (iii))
0.057 (Note (viii))
0.055 (Note (ix))
0.057 (Note (x))
0.057 (Note (xi))
0.057 (Note (xii))
0.053 (Note (xiii))
G813[11] and G812[10] for 2.048 MHz option 1 20 Hz to 100 kHz
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UIp-p = 0.5
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Table 26 DC Characteristics: Output Jitter Generation (Test Definition G812)
Across all operating conditions unless otherwise stated
Output jitter generation measured over 60 seconds interval, UIp-p max measured using Vectron 6664 12.8 MHz
TCXO on ICT Flexacom + 10 MHz reference from Wavetek 905.
Test Definition
Filter used
UI Spec
UI Measurement on ACS8510 Rev2.1
G812[10] for 1.544 MHz
10 Hz to 40 kHz
G812[10] for 155.52 MHz electrical
500 Hz to 1.3 MHz UIp-p = 0.5
0.058 (Note (xv))
G812[10] for 2.048 MHz
65 Hz to 1.3 MHz
0.036 (Note (xv))
UIp-p = 0.05
UIp-p = 0.075
0.036 (Note (xiv))
Table 27 DC Characteristics: Output Jitter Generation (Test Definition ETS-300-462-3)
Across all operating conditions unless otherwise stated
Output jitter generation measured over 60 seconds interval, UIp-p max measured using Vectron 6664 12.8 MHz
TCXO on ICT Flexacom + 10 MHz reference from Wavetek 905.
Test Definition
Filter used
UI Spec
UI Measurement on ACS8510 Rev2.1
ETS-300-462-3[3] for 2.048 MHz SEC
20 Hz to 100 kHz
UIp-p = 0.5
0.046 (Note (xiv))
ETS-300-462-3[3] for 2.048 MHz SEC (Filter
spec 49 Hz to 100 kHz)
20 Hz to 100 kHz
UIp-p = 0.2
0.046 (Note (xiv))
ETS-300-462-3[3] for 2.048 MHz SSU
20 Hz to 100 kHz
UIp-p = 0.05
0.046 (Note (xiv))
ETS-300-462-3[3] for 155.52 MHz
500 Hz to 1.3 MHz UIp-p = 0.5
0.058 (Note (xv))
ETS-300-462-3[3] for 155.52 MHz
65 kHz to 1.3 MHz UIp-p = 0.1
0.048 (Note (xv))
Table 28 DC Characteristics: Output Jitter Generation (Test Definition GR-253-CORE)
Across all operating conditions unless otherwise stated
Output jitter generation measured over 60 seconds interval, UIp-p max measured using Vectron 6664 12.8 MHz
TCXO on ICT Flexacom + 10 MHz reference from Wavetek 905.
Test Definition
Filter used
UI Spec
UI Measurement on ACS8510 Rev2.1
GR-253-CORE[17] net i/f, 51.84 MHz
100 Hz - 0.4 MHz
UIp-p = 1.5
0.022 (Note (xv))
GR-253-CORE[17] net i/f, 51.84 MHz (Filter
spec 20 kHz to 400 Hz)
18 kHz - 0.4 MHz
UIp-p = 0.15
0.019 (Note (xv))
GR-253-CORE[17] net i/f, 155.52 MHz
500 Hz - 1.3 MHz
UIp-p = 1.5
0.058 (Note (xv))
GR-253-CORE[17] net i/f, 155.52 MHz
65 kHz - 1.3 MHz
UIp-p = 0.15
0.048 (Note (xv))
GR-253-CORE[17] cat II elect i/f, 155.52 MHz
12 kHz - 400 kHz
UIp-p = 0.1
0.057 (Note (xv))
UIrms= 0.1
0.006 (Note (xv))
UIp-p = 0.1
0.057 (Note (xv))
UIrms= 0.01
0.006 (Note (xv))
UIp-p = 0.1
0.036 (Note (xiv))
UIrms= 0.01
0.0055 (Note (xiv))
GR-253-CORE[17] cat II elect i/f, 51.84 MHz
GR-253-CORE[17] DS1 i/f, 1.544 MHz
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
12 kHz - 1.3 MHz
10_Hz - 40 kHz
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Table 29 DC Characteristics: Output Jitter Generation (Test Definition AT&T 62411)
Across all operating conditions unless otherwise stated
Output jitter generation measured over 60 seconds interval, UIp-p max measured using Vectron 6664 12.8 MHz
TCXO on ICT Flexacom + 10 MHz reference from Wavetek 905.
Test Definition
Filter used
UI Spec
UI Measurement on ACS8510 Rev2.1
AT&T 62411[2] for 1.544 MHz
(Filter spec 10Hz to 8 kHz)
10 Hz to 40 kHz
UIrms = 0.02
0.0055 (Note (xiv))
AT&T 62411[2] for 1.544 MHz
10 Hz to 40 kHz
UIrms = 0.025
0.0055 (Note (xiv))
10 Hz to 40 kHz
UIrms = 0.025
0.0055 (Note (xiv))
Broadband
UIrms = 0.05
0.0055 (Note (xiv))
AT&T 62411
[2]
for 1.544 MHz
AT&T 62411[2] for 1.544 MHz
Table 30 DC Characteristics: Output Jitter Generation (Test Definition G.742)
Across all operating conditions unless otherwise stated
Output jitter generation measured over 60 seconds interval, UIp-p max measured using Vectron 6664 12.8 MHz
TCXO on ICT Flexacom + 10 MHz reference from Wavetek 905.
Test Definition
Filter used
UI Spec
UI Measurement on ACS8510 Rev2.1
G-742[8] for 2.048 MHz
DC to 100 kHz
UIp-p = 0.25
0.047 (Note (xiv))
G-742[8] for 2.048 MHz
(Filter spec 18 kHz to 100 kHz)
20 Hz to 100 kHz
UIp-p = 0.05
0.046 (Note (xiv))
G-742[8] for 2.048 MHz
20 Hz to 100 kHz
UIp-p = 0.05
0.046 (Note (xiv))
Table 31 DC Characteristics: Output Jitter Generation (Test Definition GR-499-CORE)
Across all operating conditions unless otherwise stated
Output jitter generation measured over 60 seconds interval, UIp-p max measured using Vectron 6664 12.8 MHz
TCXO on ICT Flexacom + 10 MHz reference from Wavetek 905.
Test Definition
Filter used
UI Spec
UI Measurement on ACS8510 Rev2.1
GR-499-CORE[18] & G824[14] for 1.544 MHz
10 Hz to 40 kHz
UIp-p = 5.0
0.036 (Note (xiv))
GR-499-CORE[18] & G824[14] for 1.544 MHz
(Filter spec 8 kHz to 40 kHz)
10 Hz to 40 kHz
UIp-p = 0.1
0.036 (Note (xiv))
GR-499-CORE[18] for 1.544 MHz
>10 Hz
UIp-p = 0.05
0.036 (Note (xiv))
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Notes for Tables 25 to 31
Notes: (i) Filter used is that defined by test definition unless otherwise stated
(ii) 5 Hz bandwidth, 19.44 MHz direct lock
(iii) 5 Hz bandwidth, 8 kHz lock
(iv) 20 Hz bandwidth, 19.44 MHz direct lock
(v) 20 Hz bandwidth, 8 kHz lock
(vi) 10 Hz bandwidth, 19.44 MHz direct lock
(vii) 10 Hz bandwidth, 8 kHz lock
(viii) 2.5 Hz bandwidth, 19.44 MHz direct lock
(ix) 2.5 Hz bandwidth, 8 kHz lock
(x) 1.2 Hz bandwidth, 19.44 MHz direct lock
(xi) 1.2 Hz bandwidth, 8 kHz lock
(xii) 0.6 Hz bandwidth, 19.44 MHz direct lock
(xiii) 0.6 Hz bandwidth, 8 kHz lock
(xiv) 5 Hz bandwidth, 8 kHz lock, 2.048 MHz input
(xv) 5 Hz bandwidth, 8 kHz lock, 19.44 MHz input
Figure 17 JTAG Timing
tCYC
TCK
tSUR
tHT
TMS
TDI
tDOD
TDO
F8110D_022JTAGTiming_01
Table 32 JTAG Timing (for use with Figure 17)
Parameter
Symbol
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
Cycle Time
tCYC
50
-
-
ns
TMS/TDI to TCK rising edge time
tSUR
3
-
-
ns
TCK rising to TMS/TDI hold time
tHT
23
-
-
ns
tDOD
-
-
5
ns
TCK falling to TDO valid
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Input/Output Timing
FINAL
DATASHEET
Figure 18 Input/Output Timing with Phase Build-out Off
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Motorola Mode
In MOTOROLA mode, the device is configured to interface with a microprocessor using a 680x0 type bus as parallel
data + address. Figure 19 and Figure 20 show the timing diagrams of read and write accesses for this mode.
Figure 19 Read Access Timing in MOTOROLA Mode
tpw1
CSB
tsu2
WRB
th2
X
X
th1
tsu1
A
X
address
X
td1
AD
Z
data
td2
RDY
(DTACK)
td3
tpw2
th3
Z
td4
Z
Z
F8110D_007ReadAccMotor_01
Table 33 Read Access Timing in MOTOROLA Mode (for use with Figure 19)
Symbol
Note:
Parameter
MIN
TYP
MAX
tsu1
Setup A valid to CSBfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
tsu2
Setup WRB valid to CSBfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
td1
Delay CSBfalling edge to AD valid
-
-
177 ns
td2
Delay CSBfalling edge to DTACKrising edge
-
-
13 ns
td3
Delay CSBrising edge to AD high-Z
-
-
0 ns
td4
Delay CSBrising edge to RDY high-Z
-
-
9 ns
-
-
310 ns
-
472 ns
ns(i)
tpw1
CSB Low time
tpw2
RDY High time
th1
Hold A valid after CSBrising edge
0 ns
-
-
th2
Hold WRB valid after CSBrising edge
0 ns
-
-
th3
Hold CSB Low after RDYfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
tp
Time between consecutive accesses (CSBrising edge to CSBfalling edge)
320 ns
-
-
485
(i) Timing with RDY. If RDY not used, tpw1 becomes 178 ns.
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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Figure 20 Write Access Timing in MOTOROLA Mode
tpw1
CSB
tsu2
WRB
th2
X
X
th1
tsu1
A
X
address
X
tsu3
AD
data
X
td2
RDY
(DTACK)
th4
tpw2
th3
X
td4
Z
Z
F8110D_008WriteAccMotor_01
Table 34 Write Access Timing in MOTOROLA Mode (for use with Figure 20)
Symbol
Note:
Parameter
MIN
TYP
MAX
tsu1
Setup A valid to CSBfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
tsu2
Setup WRB valid to CSBfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
tsu3
Setup AD valid before CSBrising edge
3 ns
-
-
td2
Delay CSBfalling edge to RDYrising edge
-
-
13 ns
td4
Delay CSBrising edge to RDY High-Z
-
-
7 ns
tpw1
CSB Low time
485 ns(i)
-
-
tpw2
RDY High time
310 ns
-
472 ns
th1
Hold A valid after CSBrising edge
3 ns
-
-
th2
Hold WRB Low after CSBrising edge
0 ns
-
-
th3
Hold CSB Low after RDYfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
th4
Hold AD valid after CSBrising edge
4 ns
-
-
tp
Time between consecutive accesses (CSBrising edge to CSBfalling edge)
320 ns
-
-
(i) Timing with RDY. If RDY not used, tpw1 becomes 178 ns.
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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Intel Mode
In Intel mode, the device is configured to interface with a microprocessor using a 80x86 type bus as parallel data +
address. Figure 21 and Figure 22 show the timing diagrams of read and write accesses for this mode.
Figure 21 Read Access Timing in INTEL Mode
CSB
WRB
tpw1
tsu2
th2
RDB
th1
tsu1
A
address
td1
td4
Z
data
AD
td3
td2
tpw2
th3
td5
Z
RDY
F8110D_009ReadAccIntel_01
Table 35 Read Access Timing in INTEL Mode (for use with Figure 21)
Symbol
Note:
Parameter
MIN
TYP
MAX
tsu1
Setup A valid to CSBfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
tsu2
Setup CSBfalling edge to RDBfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
td1
Delay RDBfalling edge to AD valid
-
-
177 ns
td2
Delay CSBfalling edge to RDY active
-
-
13 ns
td3
Delay RDBfalling edge to RDYfalling edge
-
-
14 ns
td4
Delay RDBrising edge to AD high-Z
-
-
10 ns
td5
Delay CSBrising edge to RDY high-Z
-
-
9 ns
-
-
310 ns
-
472 ns
(i)
tpw1
RDB Low time
486 ns
tpw2
RDY Low time
th1
Hold A valid after RDBrising edge
0 ns
-
-
th2
Hold CSB Low after RDBrising edge
0 ns
-
-
th3
Hold RDB Low after RDYrising edge
0 ns
-
-
tp
Time between consecutive accesses (RDBrising edge to RDBfalling edge,
or RDBrising edge to WRBfalling edge)
320 ns
-
-
(i) Timing with RDY. If RDY not used, tpw1 becomes 180 ns.
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
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Figure 22 Write Access Timing in INTEL Mode
CSB
tpw1
tsu2
th2
WRB
RDB
tsu1
th1
address
A
tsu3
th4
data
AD
td3
td2
RDY
tpw2
th3
td5
Z
Z
F8110D_010WriteAccIntel_01
Table 36 Write Access Timing in INTEL Mode (for use with Figure 22)
Symbol
Parameter
MIN
TYP
MAX
tsu1
Setup A valid to CSBfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
tsu2
Setup CSBfalling edge to WRBfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
tsu3
Setup AD valid before WRBrising edge
3 ns
-
-
td2
Delay CSBfalling edge to RDY active
-
-
13 ns
td3
Delay WRBfalling edge to RDYfalling edge
-
-
14 ns
td5
Delay CSBrising edge to RDY high-Z
-
-
9 ns
tpw1
WRB Low time
486 ns(i)
-
-
tpw2
RDY Low time
310 ns
-
472 ns
-
-
ns(ii)
th1
Hold A valid after WRBrising edge
th2
Hold CSB Low after WRBrising edge
0 ns
-
-
th3
Hold WRB Low after RDYrising edge
0 ns
-
-
th4
Hold AD valid after WRBrising edge
4 ns
-
-
tp
Time between consecutive accesses (WRBrising edge to WRBfalling edge,
or WRBrising edge to RDBfalling edge)
320 ns
-
-
170
Notes: (i) Timing with RDY. If RDY not used, tpw1 becomes 180 ns.
(ii) Timing if th2 is greater than 170 ns, otherwise 5 ns after CSB rising edge.
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Multiplexed Mode
In MULTIPLEXED mode, the device is configured to interface with a microprocessor using a multiplexed address/data
bus. Figures 23 and 24 show the timing diagrams of read and write accesses.
Figure 23 Read Access Timing in MULTIPLEXED Mode
tpw3
tp1
ALE
tsu1
th1
CSB
tsu2
WRB
tpw1
th2
RDB
td1
address
AD
X
td2
RDY
td4
data
td3
tpw2
X
th3
td5
Z
Z
F8110D_011ReadAccMultiplex_01
Table 37 Read Access Timing in MULTIPLEXED Mode (for use with Figure 23)
Symbol
Note:
Parameter
MIN
TYP
MAX
tsu1
Setup AD address valid to ALEfalling edge
2 ns
-
-
tsu2
Setup CSBfalling edge to RDBfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
td1
Delay RDBfalling edge to AD data valid
-
-
177 ns
td2
Delay CSBfalling edge to RDY active
-
-
13 ns
td3
Delay RDBfalling edge to RDYfalling edge
-
-
15 ns
td4
Delay RDBrising edge to AD data high-Z
-
-
9 ns
td5
Delay CSBrising edge to RDY high-Z
-
-
10 ns
-
-
ns(i)
tpw1
RDB Low time
tpw2
RDY Low time
310 ns
-
472 ns
tpw3
ALE High time
2 ns
-
-
th1
Hold AD address valid after ALEfalling edge
3 ns
-
-
th2
Hold CSB Low after RDBrising edge
0 ns
-
-
th3
Hold RDB Low after RDYrising edge
0 ns
-
-
tp1
Time between ALEfalling edge and RDBfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
tp2
Time between consecutive accesses (RDBrising edge to ALErising edge)
320 ns
-
-
487
(i) Timing with RDY. If RDY not used, tpw1 becomes 180 ns.
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Figure 24 Write Access Timing in MULTIPLEXED Mode
tpw3
tp1
ALE
tsu1
th1
CSB
tsu2
th2
tpw1
WRB
RDB
tsu3
address
AD
X
td2
RDY
th4
data
td3
tpw2
X
th3
td5
Z
Z
F8110D_012WriteAccMultiplex_01
Table 38 Write Access Timing in MULTIPLEXED Mode (For use with Figure 24)
Symbol
Note:
Parameter
MIN
TYP
MAX
tsu1
Set up AD address valid to ALEfalling edge
2 ns
-
-
tsu2
Set up CSBfalling edge to WRBfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
tsu3
Set up AD data valid to WRBrising edge
3 ns
-
-
td2
Delay CSBfalling edge to RDY active
-
-
13 ns
td3
Delay WRBfalling edge to RDYfalling edge
-
-
15 ns
td5
Delay CSBrising edge to RDY high-Z
-
-
9 ns
tpw1
WRB Low time
487 ns(i)
-
-
tpw2
RDY Low time
310 ns
-
472 ns
tpw3
ALE High time
2 ns
-
-
th1
Hold AD address valid after ALEfalling edge
3 ns
-
-
th2
Hold CSB Low after WRBrising edge
0 ns
-
-
th3
Hold WRB Low after RDYrising edge
0 ns
-
-
th4
AD data hold valid after WRBrising edge
4 ns
-
-
tp1
Time between ALEfalling edge and WRBfalling edge
0 ns
-
-
tp2
Time between consecutive accesses (WRBrising edge to ALErising edge)
320 ns
-
-
(i) Timing with RDY. If RDY not used, tpw1 becomes 180 ns.
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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DATASHEET
Serial Mode
In Serial mode, the device is configured to interface with a serial microprocessor bus. The combined minimum High
and Low times for SCLK define the maximum clock rate.
For Write access this is 2.77 MHz (360 ns). For Read access the maximum SCLK rate is slightly slower and is affected
by the setting of CLKE, being either 2.0 MHz (500 ns) or 1 MHz (1 us).
This mismatch in rates is caused by the sampling technique used to detect the end of the address field in Read mode.
It takes up to 3 cycles of an internal 6.40 MHz clock to start the Read process following receipt of the final address bit.
This is 468 ns. The Read data is then decoded and clocked out onto SDO directly using SCLK. With CLKE=1, the falling
edge of SCLK is used to clock out the SDO. With CLKE=0, the rising edge of SCLK is used to clock out the SDO.
A minimum period of 500 ns (468 capture plus 32 decode) is required between the final address bit and clocking it
out onto SDO. This means that to guarantee the correct operation of the Serial interface, with CLKE=0, SCLK has a
maximum clock rate of 2 MHz. With CLKE=1, SCLK has a maximum clock rate of 1 MHz.
SCLK is not required to run between accesses (i.e., when CSB = 1). The following Figures show the timing diagrams for
Write and Read access for this mode.
Figure 25 Read Access Timing in SERIAL Mode
CLKE = 0; SDO data is clocked out on the rising edge of SCLK
CSB
tsu2
tpw2
th2
ALE=SCLK
th1
tsu1
_
A(0) = SDI
R/W
tpw1
A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6
td1
AD(0)=SDO
Output not driven, pulled low by internal resistor
td2
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7
CLKE = 1; SDO data is clocked out on the falling edge of SCLK
CSB
th2
ALE=SCLK
_
A(0)=SDI
R/W
A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6
td1
AD(0)=SDO
Output not driven, pulled low by internal resistor
td2
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7
F8530D_013ReadAccSerial_01
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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Table 39 Read Access Timing in SERIAL Mode (For use with Figure 25)
Symbol
Parameter
MIN
TYP
MAX
0 ns
-
-
160 ns
-
-
tsu1
Setup SDI valid to SCLKrising edge
tsu2
Setup CSBfalling edge to SCLKrising edge
td1
Delay SCLKrising edge (SCLKfalling edge for CLKE = 1) to SDO valid
-
-
17 ns
td2
Delay CSBrising edge to SDO high-Z
-
-
10 ns
tpw1
SCLK Low time
CLKE = 0
CLKE = 1
-
-
250 ns
500 ns
tpw2
SCLK High time
CLKE = 0
CLKE = 1
-
-
250 ns
500 ns
th1
Hold SDI valid after SCLKrising edge
170 ns
-
-
th2
Hold CSB Low after SCLKrising edge, for CLKE = 0
Hold CSB Low after SCLKfalling edge, for CLKE = 1
5 ns
-
-
tp
Time between consecutive accesses (CSBrising edge to CSBfalling edge)
160 ns
-
-
Figure 26 Write Access Timing in SERIAL Mode
CSB
tsu2
tpw2
th2
ALE=SCLK
th1
tsu1
_
A(0)=SDI
AD(0)=SDO
R/W
tpw1
A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7
Output not driven, pulled low by internal resistor
F8110D 014W it A S i l 02
Table 40 Write Access Timing in SERIAL Mode (For use with Figure 26)
Symbol
Parameter
MIN
TYP
MAX
0 ns
-
-
tsu1
Setup SDI valid to SCLKrising edge
tsu2
Setup CSBfalling edge to SCLKrising edge
160 ns
-
-
tpw1
SCLK Low time
180 ns
-
-
tpw2
SCLK High time
180 ns
-
-
th1
Hold SDI valid after SCLKrising edge
170 ns
-
-
th2
Hold CSB Low after SCLKrising edge
5 ns
-
-
tp
Time between consecutive accesses (CSBrising edge to CSBfalling edge)
160 ns
-
-
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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DATASHEET
EPROM Mode
This mode is suitable for use with an EPROM, in which configuration data is stored (one-way communication - status
information will not be accessible). A state machine internal to the ACS8510 Rev2.1 device will perform numerous
EPROM read operations to read the data out of the EPROM. In EPROM Mode, the ACS8510 Rev2.1 takes control of
the bus as Master and reads the device set-up from an AMD AM27C64 type EPROM at lowest speed (250ns) after
device set-up (system reset). The EPROM access state machine in the up interface sequences the accesses. Figure 27
shows the access timing of the device in EPROM mode.
Further information can be found in the AMD AM27C64 datasheet.
Figure 27 Access Timing in EPROM mode
CSB (=OEB)
address
A
tacc
AD
Z
Z
data
F8110D_015ReadAccEEPROM_01
Table 41 Access Timing in EPROM mode (For use with Figure 27)
Symbol
tacc
Parameter
Delay CSBfalling edge or A change to AD valid
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
Page 68
MIN
TYP
MAX
-
-
920 ns
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
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Package Information
FINAL
DATASHEET
Figure 28 LQFP Package
Thermal Conditions
The device is rated for full temperature range when this package is used with a 4 layer or more PCB. Copper coverage
must exceed 50%. All pins must be soldered to the PCB. Maximum operating temperature must be reduced when the
device is used with a PCB with less than these requirements.
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
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Figure 29 Typical 100 Pin LQFP Footprint
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Application Information
FINAL
DATASHEET
Figure 30 Simplified Application Schematic
VDD
IC2
VDD5v
P1
VDD2
Need to update fig for ACS8510 Rev2.1
EZ1086CT-3.3
3
5v
0v
VDD3
2
VIN
VOUT
1
VDDA
GND
(+)
(+)
term_connect
100uF
C2
Power supply and ground
connections to 'star'
connect back to these
decoupling capacitors at
the regulator and only
connect together at this
point
C7
100nF
C4
100nF
10uF_TANT
C3
AGND
DGND3
ZD1
BZV90C-5.6v
Optional EPROM interface
selection
Optional Processor/EPROM
interface type selection
DGND2
DGND
Decoupling capacitor, C21 should be placed close to the xtal
pins that are being decoupled
RDY RDB CSB
ALE WRB
Int
CC parts are easily cut links that can also take SM
capacitors or Ohm resistor links.
SrSwit
All tcxo options to be placed as close as possible to IC1,
with short output track.
O1
O2
VDD
O3
O4
C29
C9
VDDA
O5
100nF
100nF
O9
DGND
AGND
C10
100nF
AGND
R1
X1
10R
2 vdd
output
1
VDD3
gnd2
5
C11
100nF
C21
4
optn
VDDA
R6
DGND3
10R
C12
100nF
3 gnd1
Vectron
AGND
DGND
VDD2
C6
100nF
C5
AGND
TRST
IC1
IC2
AGND1
VA1+
TMS
INTREQ
TCK
REFCLK
DGND1
VD1+
VD3+
DGND3
DGND2
VD2+
IC3
SRCSW
VA2+
AGND2
TDO
IC4
TDI
I1
I2
RDY
PORB
ALE
RDB
WRB
CSB
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
DGNDd
VDDd
UPSEL0
UPSEL1
UPSEL2
I14
I13
I12
I11
I10
I9
I8
IC1
ACS8520
VAMI+
TO8NEG
TO8POS
GND_AMI
FrSync
MFrSync
GND_DIFFa
VDD_DIFFa
TO6POS
TO6NEG
TO7POS
TO7NEG
GND_DIFFb
VDD_DIFFb
I5POS
I5NEG
I6POS
I6NEG
VDD5
SYNC2K
I3
I4
I7
DGNDa
VDDa
VDDA
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
C8
1nF
DGND
VDD
100nF
C13
DGND
Optional
UPSEL0 Processor
UPSEL1 interface type
UPSEL2 selection
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
txco
12.8MHz
AD7
AD6
AD5
AD4
AD3
AD2
AD1
AD0
DGNDc
VDDc
VDDb
DGNDb
TO1
TO2
TO3
VA3+
AGND3
TO4
TO5
TO9
IC5
IC6
IC7
MSTSLVB
SONSDHB
VDD
100nF
All decoupling capacitors, C29,
C9, C13, C14, C15, C6, C5,
C12, C11, C10,C32 should be
placed close to the IC1 pins that
are being decoupled
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
DGND
(+)
10uF_TANT
VDD
DGND2
C14
100nF
DGND
VDD2
VDD2
C15
C32
100nF
100nF
DGND2
DGND2
C23
100n
9
7
T1
4
6
Pe-68865
R41
optn
C16
C17
R38
470nF
470nF
I1
I2
optn
optn
C22
O8P
DGND2
I4
I3
DGND
I10
I8
I7
I9
I12
I11
I14
I13
DGND
F8520D_031EvalBdSchem_01
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Abbreviations
AMI
APLL
BITS
DFS
DPLL
DS1
DTO
E1
I/O
LOF
LOS
LQFP
LVDS
MTIE
NE
OCXO
PBO
PDH
PECL
PFD
PLL
POR
ppb
ppm
p-p
R/W
rms
RO
RoHS
SDH
SEC
SETS
SONET
SSF
SSU
STM
TDEV
TCXO
UI
WEEE
FINAL
References
Alternate Mark Inversion
Analogue Phase Locked Loop
Building Integrated Timing Supply
Digital Frequency Synthesis
Digital Phase Locked Loop
1544 kb/s interface rate
Discrete Time Oscillator
2048 kb/s interface rate
Input - Output
Loss of Frame Alignment
Loss Of Signal
Low profile Quad Flat Pack
Low Voltage Differential Signal
Maximum Time Interval Error
Network Element
Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator
Phase Build-out
Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
Positive Emitter Coupled Logic
Phase and Frequency Detector
Phase Locked Loop
Power-On Reset
parts per billion
parts per million
peak-to-peak
Read/Write
root-mean-square
Read Only
Restrictive Use of Certain Hazardous
Substances (directive)
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SDH/SONET Equipment Clock
Synchronous Equipment Timing source
Synchronous Optical Network
Synchronization Signal Failure
Synchronization Supply Unit
Synchronous Transport Module
Time Deviation
Temperature Compensated Crystal
Oscillator
Unit Interval
Waste Electrical and Electronic
Equipment (directive)
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
DATASHEET
[1] ANSI T1.101-1999 (1999)
Synchronization Interface Standard
[2] AT & T 62411 (12/1990)
ACCUNET® T1.5 Service description and Interface
Specification
[3] ETSI ETS 300 462-3, (01/1997)
Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Generic
requirements for synchronization networks; Part 3: The
control of jitter and wander within synchronization
networks
[4] ETSI ETS 300 462-5 (09/1996)
Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Generic
requirements for synchronization networks; Part 5: Timing
characteristics of slave clocks suitable for operation in
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) equipment
[5] IEEE 1149.1 (1990)
Standard Test Access Port and Boundary-Scan
Architecture
[6] ITU-T G.703 (10/1998)
Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital
interfaces
[7] ITU-T G.736 (03/1993)
Characteristics of a synchronous digital multiplex
equipment operating at 2048 kbit/s
[8] ITU-T G.742 (1988)
Second order digital multiplex equipment operating at
8448 kbit/s, and using positive justification
[9] ITU-T G.783 (10/2000)
Characteristics of synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)
equipment functional blocks
[10] ITU-T G.812 (06/1998)
Timing requirements of slave clocks suitable for use as
node clocks in synchronization networks
[11] ITU-T G.813 (08/1996)
Timing characteristics of SDH equipment slave clocks
(SEC)
[12] ITU-T G.822 (11/1988)
Controlled slip rate objectives on an international digital
connection
[13] ITU-T G.823 (03/2000)
The control of jitter and wander within digital networks
which are based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy
Page 72
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
FINAL
DATASHEET
Trademark Acknowledgements
[14] ITU-T G.824 (03/2000)
The control of jitter and wander within digital networks
which are based on the 1544 kbit/s hierarchy
Semtech and the Semtech S logo are registered
trademarks of Semtech Corporation.
[15] ITU-T G.825 (03/2000)
The control of jitter and wander within digital networks
which are based on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
(SDH)
ACCUNET® is a registered trademark of AT & T.
[16] ITU-T K.41 (05/1998)
Resistibility of internal interfaces of telecommunication
centres to surge overvoltages
AMD is a registered trademark of Advanced Micro
Devices, Inc.
Vectron is a registered trademark of
Vectron International
[17] Telcordia GR-253-CORE, Issue 3 (09/ 2000)
Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Transport
Systems: Common Generic Criteria
ICT Flexacom is a registered trademark of ICT Electronics.
[18] Telcordia GR-499-CORE, Issue 2 (12/1998)
Transport Systems Generic Requirements (TSGR)
Common requirements
Motorola is a registered trademark of Motorola, Inc.
Intel is a registered trademark of the Intel Corporation
Telcordia is a registered trademark of Telcordia
Technologies.
[19] Telcordia GR-1244-CORE, Issue 2 (12/2000)
Clocks for the Synchronized Network: Common Generic
Criteria
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Revision Status/History
FINAL
The Revision Status of the datasheet, as shown in the
center of the datasheet header bar, may be DRAFT,
PRELIMINARY, or FINAL, and refers to the status of the
Device (not the datasheet) within the design cycle. DRAFT
status is used when the design is being realized but is not
yet physically available, and the datasheet content
reflects the intention of the design. The datasheet is
raised to PRELIMINARY status when initial prototype
devices are physically available, and the datasheet
content more accurately represents the realization of the
design. The datasheet is only raised to FINAL status after
DATASHEET
the device has been fully characterized, and the
datasheet content updated with measured, rather than
simulated parameter values.
This is a FINAL release (Revision 2.02) of the ACS8510
Rev2.1 datasheet. Changes made for this document
revision are given in Table 42, together with a brief
summary of previous revisions. For specific changes
between earlier revisions, refer (where available) to those
earlier revisions. Always use the current version of the
datasheet.
Table 42 Revision History
Revision
1.06 to 2.00
September 2003
Reference
Description of changes
Non-revertive Mode p36-37
Updated description of Non-Revertive Mode
2.01 September 2004 All pages
Document reformatted, no technical changes.
2.02 June 2006
Front page, back page and “Abbreviations”
on page 72
Updated to reflect availability of lead (Pb)-free packaged part.
Trademark Acknowledgements and
Revision Status/History
Sections updated.
Back page
Former US mailing address removed. (Mail now delivered to main
address).
Figure 28 and Figure 29
Updated Package and Footprint drawings.
Back page
Taiwan address updated.
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Notes
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
FINAL
DATASHEET
Page 75
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ACS8510 Rev2.1 SETS
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Ordering Information
FINAL
DATASHEET
Table 43 Parts List
Part Number
Description
ACS8510 Rev2.1
SETS Synchronous Equipment Timing Source for SONET or SDH Network Elements
ACS8510 Rev2.1T
Lead (Pb)-free packaged version of ACS8510 Rev2.1; RoHS and WEEE compliant.
Disclaimers
Life support- This product is not designed or intended for use in life support equipment, devices or systems, or other critical
applications, and is not authorized or warranted for such use.
Right to change- Changes may be made to this product without notice. Customers are advised to obtain the latest version of the
relevant information before placing orders.
Compliance to relevant standards- Operation of this device is subject to the User’s implementation and design practices. It is the
responsibility of the User to ensure equipment using this device is compliant to any relevant standards.
Contact Information for Semtech International AG
Taiwan Branch
Korea Branch
Shanghai Office
Tel: 886-2-2748-3380
Fax: 886-2-2748-3390
Tel: 82-2-527-4377
Fax: 82-2-527-4376
Tel: 86-21-6391-0830
Fax: 86-21-6391-0831
Semtech International AG is a wholly-owned subsidiary of
Semtech Corporation, which has its headquarters in the U.S.A.
Semtech Switzerland GmbH
Japan Branch
Tel: 81-3-6408-0950
Fax: 81-3-6408-0951
Semtech Limited (U.K.)
Tel: 44-(0)1794-527-600
Fax: 44-(0)1794-527-601
Semtech France SARL
Tel: 33-(0)169-28-22-00
Fax: 33-(0)169-28-12-98
Semtech Germany GmbH
Tel: 49-(0)8161-140-123
Fax: 49-(0)8161-140-124
ISO9001
CERTIFIED
Revision 2.02/June 2006 © Semtech Corp.
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