EOL - Not Recommended for New Designs; Alternate Solution is VTM48Ex320y009A00 VTM® Current Multiplier VT048A320T009FP S C NRTL US Voltage Transformation Module Features • 100°C baseplate operation • ZVS / ZCS isolated sine amplitude converter • 48 V to 32 V Converter • Typical efficiency 96% • 9.4 A (14.1 A for 1 ms) • <1 µs transient response • High density – up to 390 W/in3 • Isolated output Size: 1.91 x 1.09 x 0.37 in 48,6 x 27,7 x 9,5 mm • Small footprint – 1.64 and 2.08 in2 • No output filtering required • Height above board – 0.37 in (9.5 mm) • Lead free wave solder compatible Applications • Low weight – 1.10 oz (31.3 g) • Agency approvals • Solid state lighting • Stadium displays Product Overview • Industrial controls The thermally enhanced VI Brick® VTM current multiplier excels at speed, density and • Avionics efficiency to meet the demands of advanced power applications. Combined with the • Underseas VI Brick PRM® regulator they create a DC-DC converter with flexibility to provide isolation • RF Amplifiers and regulation where needed. The PRM can be located with the VTM at the point of load • Microprocessor and DSP requiring fast response or remotely in the back plane or on a daughter card. Part Numbering VT 048 A 320 T Voltage Transformation Module Input Voltage Designator Package Size Output Voltage Designator (=VOUT x10) 009 T= M= P Baseplate Pin Style Output Current Designator (=IOUT) Product Grade Temperatures (°C) Grade F Operating Storage -40 to +100 -40 to +125 -55 to +100 -65 to +125 VTM® Current Multiplier Rev 1.0 vicorpower.com Page 1 of 11 01/2014 800 927.9474 F = Slotted flange T = Transverse heat sink[a] [a] Contact factory P = Through hole EOL - Not Recommended for New Designs; Alternate Solution is VTM48Ex320y009A00 VT048A320T009FP SPECIFICATIONS Electrical characteristics apply over the full operating range of input voltage, output load (resistive) and baseplate temperature, unless otherwise specified. All temperatures refer to the operating temperature at the center of the baseplate. Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter +In to -In +In to -In PC to -In VC to -In +Out to -Out Isolation voltage Output current Peak output current Output power Peak output power Values -1.0 to 60 100 -0.3 to 7.0 -0.3 to 19.0 -0.5 to 48 2,250 9.4 14.1 337 505 -40 to +100 -55 to +100 -40 to +125 -65 to +125 Operating temperature Storage temperature Unit Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc A A W W Notes For 100 ms Input to output Continuous For 1 ms Continuous For 1 ms °C °C T-Grade; baseplate M-Grade; baseplate °C °C T-Grade M-Grade Note: Stresses in excess of the maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. Operation of the device is not implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the specification. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings can adversely affect device reliability. Input Specifications Parameter Input voltage range (Conditions are at 48 Vin, full load, and 25°C ambient unless otherwise specified) Min Typ Max 26 48 Input dV/dt Input overvoltage turn-on Unit Notes 55 Vdc Max VIN = 53 V, operating from -55°C to -40°C 1 V/µs 59.2 Vdc 55.0 Vdc Input overvoltage turn-off Input current 6.8 Input reflected ripple current 310 No load power dissipation 3.9 Internal input capacitance 1.9 Internal input inductance Adc mA p-p 5.2 W µF 5 nH VTM® Current Multiplier Rev 1.0 vicorpower.com Page 2 of 11 01/2014 800 927.9474 Using test circuit in Figure 10; See Figure 1 EOL - Not Recommended for New Designs; Alternate Solution is VTM48Ex320y009A00 VT048A320T009FP SPECIFICATIONS (CONT.) Output Specifications Parameter Output voltage Rated DC current (Conditions are at 48 Vin, full load, and 25°C ambient unless otherwise specified) Min Max Unit Note 17.3 Typ 36.7 Vdc No load 16.4 35.8 Vdc Full load 0 9.4 Adc 26 - 50 VIN 14.1 A Peak repetitive current Max pulse width 1ms, max duty cycle 10%, baseline power 50% Short circuit protection set point 9.6 Current share accuracy Adc 5 10 Module will shut down % See Parallel Operation on Page 7 % See Figure 3 See Figure 3 Efficiency Half load 95.2 96.5 Full load 95.0 96.2 % 1.1 nH Internal output inductance Internal output capacitance Output overvoltage setpoint 12 µF 36.7 Effective value Vdc Module will shut down Output ripple voltage No external bypass 175 4.7 µF bypass capacitor Effective switching frequency 335 14 2.4 2.8 3.2 0.6600 2/3 0.6733 79 98 mVp-p See Figures 2 and 5 mVp-p See Figure 6 MHz Fixed, 1.4 MHz per phase Line regulation K VOUT = K•VIN at no load Load regulation ROUT mΩ See Figure 13 mV 9.4 A load step with 100 µF CIN; See Figures 7 and 8 Transient response Voltage overshoot 540 Response time 200 ns See Figures 7 and 8 Recovery time 1 µs See Figures 7 and 8 WAVEFORMS Ripple vs. Output Current Output Ripple (mVp-p) 180 150 120 90 60 30 0.00 0.94 1.88 2.81 3.75 4.69 5.63 6.56 7.50 8.44 9.38 Output Current (A) Figure 1 — Input reflected ripple current at full load and 48 Vf. Figure 2 — Output voltage ripple vs. output current at 48 Vf with no POL bypass capacitance. VTM® Current Multiplier Rev 1.0 vicorpower.com Page 3 of 11 01/2014 800 927.9474 EOL - Not Recommended for New Designs; Alternate Solution is VTM48Ex320y009A00 VT048A320T009FP SPECIFICATIONS (CONT.) WAVEFORMS Efficiency vs. Output Current Power Dissipation 12 Power Dissipation (W) 98 Efficiency (%) 96 94 92 90 88 0.00 0.94 1.87 2.81 3.75 4.69 5.62 6.56 7.50 8.43 9.37 10 8 6 4 2 0.00 0.94 1.87 2.81 3.75 4.69 5.62 6.56 7.50 8.43 9.37 Output Current (A) Output Current (A) Figure 3 — Efficiency vs. output current. Figure 4 — Power dissipation vs. output current. Figure 5 — Output voltage ripple at full load and 48 Vf with no POL bypass Figure 6 — Output voltage ripple at full load and 48 Vf with 4.7 µF ceramic capacitance. POL bypass capacitance and 20 nH distribution inductance. Figure 7 — 0-9.4 A load step with 100 µF input capacitance and no output Figure 8 — 9.4-0 A load step with 100 µF input capacitance and no output capacitance. capacitance. VTM® Current Multiplier Rev 1.0 vicorpower.com Page 4 of 11 01/2014 800 927.9474 EOL - Not Recommended for New Designs; Alternate Solution is VTM48Ex320y009A00 VT048A320T009FP SPECIFICATIONS (CONT.) General Specifications Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Notes Mhrs 25°C, GB MTBF MIL-HDBK-217F 3.5 Isolation specifications Voltage 2,250 Capacitance 3,000 Resistance 10 Agency approvals Vdc Input to output pF Input to output MΩ Input to output cTÜVus UL /CSA 60950-1, EN 60950-1 CE Mark Low voltage directive RoHS Mechanical See Mechanical Drawings, Figures 15, 16 Weight 1.10/31.3 oz /g Length 1.91/48,6 in / mm Baseplate model Width 1.09/27,7 in / mm Baseplate model Height 0.37/9,5 in / mm Baseplate model Dimensions Thermal Over temperature shutdown 125 130 135 °C Thermal capacity 23.8 Ws /°C Baseplate-to-ambient 7.7 °C / W Baseplate-to-ambient; 1000 LFM 2.9 °C / W Baseplate-to-sink; flat, greased surface 0.40 °C / W Baseplate-to-sink; thermal pad 0.36 °C / W Junction temperature Auxiliary Pins Parameter Min Typ Max Unit DC voltage 4.8 5.0 5.2 Vdc Module disable voltage 2.4 2.5 Notes Primary Control (PC) Module enable voltage Current limit 2.4 Disable delay time Vdc 2.5 2.6 Vdc VC voltage must be applied when module is enabled using PC 2.5 2.9 mA Source only µs PC low to Vout low 50 VTM Control (VC) External boost voltage 12 External boost duration 14 19 10 Vdc Required for VTM start up without PRM® ms Vin > 26 Vdc. VC must be applied continuously if Vin < 26 Vdc. VTM® Current Multiplier Rev 1.0 vicorpower.com Page 5 of 11 01/2014 800 927.9474 EOL - Not Recommended for New Designs; Alternate Solution is VTM48Ex320y009A00 VT048A320T009FP PIN / CONTROL FUNCTIONS +In / -In DC Voltage Ports The VTM input should not exceed the maximum specified. Be aware of this limit in applications where the VTM is being driven above its nominal output voltage. If less than 26 Vdc is present at the +In and -In ports, a continuous VC voltage must be applied for the VTM to process power. Otherwise VC voltage need only be applied for 10 ms after the voltage at the +In and -In ports has reached or exceeded 26 Vdc. If the input voltage exceeds the overvoltage turn-off, the VTM will shutdown. The VTM does not have internal input reverse polarity protection. Adding a properly sized diode in series with the positive input or a fused reverse-shunt diode will provide reverse polarity protection. TM – For Factory Use Only VC – VTM Control The VC port is multiplexed. It receives the initial VCC voltage from an upstream PRM®, synchronizing the output rise of the VTM with the output rise of the PRM. Additionally, the VC port provides feedback to the PRM to compensate for the VTM output resistance. In typical applications using VTMs powered from PRMs, the PRM’s VC port should be connected to the VTM VC port. Figure 9 — VI Brick VTM pin configuration (viewed from pin side) In applications where a VTM is being used without a PRM, 14 V must be supplied to the VC port for as long as the input voltage is below 26 V and for 10 ms after the input voltage has reached or exceeded 26 V. The VTM is not designed for extended operation below 26 V. The VC port should only be used to provide VCC voltage to the VTM during startup. PC – Primary Control The Primary Control (PC) port is a multifunction port for controlling the VTM as follows: Disable – If PC is left floating, the VTM output is enabled. To disable the output, the PC port must be pulled lower than 2.4 V, referenced to -In. Optocouplers, open collector transistors or relays can be used to control the PC port. Once disabled, 14 V must be re-applied to the VC port to restart the VTM. Primary Auxiliary Supply – The PC port can source up to 2.4 mA at 5 Vdc. +Out / -Out DC Voltage Output Ports The output and output return are through two sets of contact locations. The respective +Out and –Out groups must be connected in parallel with as low an interconnect resistance as possible. Within the specified input voltage range, the Level 1 DC behavioral model shown in Figure 13 defines the output voltage of the VTM. The current source capability of the VTM is shown in the specification table. To take full advantage of the VTM, the user should note the low output impedance of the device. The low output impedance provides fast transient response without the need for bulk POL capacitance. Limited-life electrolytic capacitors required with conventional converters can be reduced or even eliminated, saving cost and valuable board real estate. VTM® Current Multiplier Rev 1.0 vicorpower.com Page 6 of 11 01/2014 800 927.9474 EOL - Not Recommended for New Designs; Alternate Solution is VTM48Ex320y009A00 VT048A320T009FP APPLICATION NOTES & TEST CIRCUIT Parallel Operation In applications requiring higher current or redundancy, VTMs can be operated in parallel without adding control circuitry or signal lines. To maximize current sharing accuracy, it is imperative that the source and load impedance on each VTM in a parallel array be equal. If VTMs are being fed by an upstream PRM®, the VC nodes of all VTMs must be connected to the PRM VC. To achieve matched impedances, dedicated power planes within the PC board should be used for the output and output return paths to the array of paralleled VTMs. This technique is preferable to using traces of varying size and length. The VTM power train and control architecture allow bi-directional power transfer when the VTM is operating within its specified ranges. Bi-directional power processing improves transient response in the event of an output load dump. The VTM may operate in reverse, returning output power back to the input source. It does so efficiently. Anomalies in the response of the source will appear at the output of the VTM, multiplied by its K factor of 2/3 . The DC resistance of the source should be kept as low as possible to minimize voltage deviations on the input to the VTM. If the VTM is going to be operating close to the high limit of its input range, make sure input voltage deviations will not trigger the input overvoltage turn-off threshold. Input Fuse Recommendations VI Bricks are not internally fused in order to provide flexibility in configuring power systems. However, input line fusing of VI Bricks must always be incorporated within the power system. A fast acting fuse is required to meet safety agency Conditions of Acceptability. The input line fuse should be placed in series with the +In port. For agency approvals and fusing conditions, click on the link below: http://www.vicorpower.com/technical_library/technical_documentation/quality_ and_certification/safety_approvals/ Input Impedance Recommendations To take full advantage of the VTM’s capabilities, the impedance of the source (input source plus the PC board impedance) must be low over a range from DC to 5 MHz. The input of the VTM (factorized bus) should be locally bypassed with a 8 µF low Q aluminum electrolytic capacitor. Additional input capacitance may be added to improve transient performance or compensate for high source impedance. The VTM has extremely wide bandwidth so the source response to transients is usually the limiting factor in overall output response of the VTM. Application Notes For VTM and VI Brick application notes on soldering, board layout, and system design please click on the link below: http://www.vicorpower.com/technical_library/application_information/ Applications Assistance Please contact Vicor Applications Engineering for assistance, 1-800-927-9474, or email at [email protected]. Input reflected ripple measurement point 10 A[a] Fuse F1 C1 47 µF Al electrolytic +IN C2 0.47 μF ceramic 14 V + – TM VC PC -OUT R3 10 mΩ +OUT C3 4.7 µF VTM -IN Notes: 1. C3 should be placed close to the load 2. R3 may be ESR of C3 or a separate damping resistor. [a] + +OUT See Input Fuse Recommendations section Figure 10 — VI Brick® VTM test circuit VTM® Current Multiplier Rev 1.0 vicorpower.com Page 7 of 11 01/2014 800 927.9474 -OUT Load – EOL - Not Recommended for New Designs; Alternate Solution is VTM48Ex320y009A00 VT048A320T009FP APPLICATION NOTES (CONT.) In figures below; K = VTM transformation ratio RO = VTM output resistance Vf = PRM® output (Factorized Bus Voltage) VO = VTM output VL = Desired load voltage FPA ADAPTIVE LOOP Vo = VL ± 1.0% VC PC TM IL NC PR PRM-AL +IN VH SC SG OS NC CD ROS RCD +IN Factorized Bus (Vf) TM VC PC +OUT Vin -OUT -IN VL (Io•Ro) Vf = + K K +OUT L O A D -OUT VTM +OUT -OUT -IN Figure 11 — The PRM controls the factorized bus voltage, Vf, in proportion to output current to compensate for the output resistance, Ro, of the VTM. The VTM output voltage is typically within 1% of the desired load voltage (VL) over all line and load conditions. FPA NON-ISOLATED REMOTE LOOP Remote Loop Control VC PC TM IL NC PR +IN Vin -IN PRM-AL VH SC SG OS NC CD Factorized Power Bus +OUT Vf = f (Vs) -OUT +IN Vo = VL ± 0.4% +OUT +S TM VC PC -OUT VTM -IN +OUT -OUT –S L O A D Figure 12 — An external error amplifier or Point-of-Load IC (POLIC) senses the load voltage and controls the PRM output – the Factorized Bus – as a function of output current, compensating for the output resistance of the VTM and for distribution resistance. VTM® Current Multiplier Rev 1.0 vicorpower.com Page 8 of 11 01/2014 800 927.9474 EOL - Not Recommended for New Designs; Alternate Solution is VTM48Ex320y009A00 VT048A320T009FP BEHAVIORAL MODELS VI Brick® VTM LEVEL 1 DC BEHAVIORAL MODEL FOR 48 V TO 32 V, 9.4 A ROUT IOUT + + 79 mΩ 2/3 • Iout VIN IQ 81 mA + – V•I K + 2/3 • Vin VOUT – – – © Figure 13 — This model characterizes the DC operation of the VI BRICK VTM, including the converter transfer function and its losses. The model enables estimates or simulations of output voltage as a function of input voltage and output load, as well as total converter power dissipation or heat generation. VI Brick® VTM LEVEL 2 TRANSIENT BEHAVIORAL MODEL FOR 48 V TO 32 V, 9.4 A 7.2 nH IOUT + 79 mΩ RCIN RCINmΩ 1.25 2/3 • Iout VIN CIN ROUT 1.9 µF IQ 81 mA 23.6 mΩ V•I + + – – LOUT = 1.1 nH R RCCOUT OUT + 0.3 mΩ 2/3 • Vin COUT 12 µF VOUT K – – © Figure 14 — This model characterizes the AC operation of the VI BRICK VTM including response to output load or input voltage transients or steady state modulations. The model enables estimates or simulations of input and output voltages under transient conditions, including response to a stepped load with or without external filtering elements. VTM® Current Multiplier Rev 1.0 vicorpower.com Page 9 of 11 01/2014 800 927.9474 EOL - Not Recommended for New Designs; Alternate Solution is VTM48Ex320y009A00 VT048A320T009FP MECHANICAL DRAWINGS Baseplate - Slotted Flange Heat Sink (Transverse) Figure 15 — Module outline Recommended PCB Pattern (Component side shown) Figure 16 — PCB mounting specifications VTM® Current Multiplier Rev 1.0 vicorpower.com Page 10 of 11 01/2014 800 927.9474 EOL - Not Recommended for New Designs; Alternate Solution is VTM48Ex320y009A00 VT048A320T009FP Vicor’s comprehensive line of power solutions includes high density AC-DC and DC-DC modules and accessory components, fully configurable AC-DC and DC-DC power supplies, and complete custom power systems. Information furnished by Vicor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Vicor for its use. Vicor makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this publication. Vicor reserves the right to make changes to any products, specifications, and product descriptions at any time without notice. Information published by Vicor has been checked and is believed to be accurate at the time it was printed; however, Vicor assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies. Testing and other quality controls are used to the extent Vicor deems necessary to support Vicor’s product warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Vicor’s Standard Terms and Conditions All sales are subject to Vicor’s Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale, which are available on Vicor’s webpage or upon request. Product Warranty In Vicor’s standard terms and conditions of sale, Vicor warrants that its products are free from non-conformity to its Standard Specifications (the “Express Limited Warranty”). This warranty is extended only to the original Buyer for the period expiring two (2) years after the date of shipment and is not transferable. UNLESS OTHERWISE EXPRESSLY STATED IN A WRITTEN SALES AGREEMENT SIGNED BY A DULY AUTHORIZED VICOR SIGNATORY, VICOR DISCLAIMS ALL REPRESENTATIONS, LIABILITIES, AND WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND (WHETHER ARISING BY IMPLICATION OR BY OPERATION OF LAW) WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCTS, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS AS TO MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE, INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT, OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT, OR ANY OTHER MATTER. This warranty does not extend to products subjected to misuse, accident, or improper application, maintenance, or storage. Vicor shall not be liable for collateral or consequential damage. Vicor disclaims any and all liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit and assumes no liability for applications assistance or buyer product design. Buyers are responsible for their products and applications using Vicor products and components. Prior to using or distributing any products that include Vicor components, buyers should provide adequate design, testing and operating safeguards. Vicor will repair or replace defective products in accordance with its own best judgment. For service under this warranty, the buyer must contact Vicor to obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number and shipping instructions. Products returned without prior authorization will be returned to the buyer. The buyer will pay all charges incurred in returning the product to the factory. Vicor will pay all reshipment charges if the product was defective within the terms of this warranty. Life Support Policy VICOR’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF VICOR CORPORATION. As used herein, life support devices or systems are devices which (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system or to affect its safety or effectiveness. Per Vicor Terms and Conditions of Sale, the user of Vicor products and components in life support applications assumes all risks of such use and indemnifies Vicor against all liability and damages. Intellectual Property Notice Vicor and its subsidiaries own Intellectual Property (including issued U.S. and Foreign Patents and pending patent applications) relating to the products described in this data sheet. No license, whether express, implied, or arising by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document. Interested parties should contact Vicor's Intellectual Property Department. The products described on this data sheet are protected by the following U.S. Patents Numbers: 5,945,130; 6,403,009; 6,710,257; 6,911,848; 6,930,893; 6,934,166; 6,940,013; 6,969,909; 7,038,917; 7,145,186; 7,166,898; 7,187,263; 7,202,646; 7,361,844; D496,906; D505,114; D506,438; D509,472; and for use under U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,975,098 and 6,984,965. Vicor Corporation 25 Frontage Road Andover, MA, USA 01810 Tel: 800-735-6200 Fax: 978-475-6715 email Customer Service: [email protected] Technical Support: [email protected] VTM® Current Multiplier Rev 1.0 vicorpower.com Page 11 of 11 01/2014 800 927.9474