CTS Front End Module Article

Application Note
014-0010-0
CTS Front End Module Application Note
INTRODUCTION
The VFM1004A is a RF front end module for a 3G picocell. The module utilizes distributed
filtering with three filters: duplexer, receive bandpass filter and transmit bandpass filter. The
VFM1004A also includes a power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier and other necessary RF
components. In the transmit path, it can deliver 24 dBm WCDMA power at the antenna port, while
achieving a typical ACLR (Adjacent Channel power Leakage Ratio) of -50 dBc with a PAR (peak
to average ratio) of 8 dB.
The VFM1004A targets the 3G Wideband CDMA market, specifically UMTS. Superior filtering,
Tx/Rx isolation, and power management are achieved in the design of these modules.
The VFM1004A, which has a patent pending, is designed to meet the 3GPP Release 6
specifications. It can replace all of the RF components that would be typically used in a UMTS
Node B local area front end. It is compliant to TS25.104 R6. The design is also flexible to enable
customers to select different values for receiver sensitivity, selectivity and output power. It is RoHS
compliant and lead-free. The front end module is shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1
Some features of the front end module include:
- Scalable power amplifier capable of delivering 24 dBm at the antenna port
- Distributed filters offering excellent isolation and harmonic suppression
- A low noise amplifier with a bypass mode to increase receiver linearity
The front end module block diagram is shown in Fig. 2. The receive section is the top path. The
transmit section is the bottom path. The receive section is under the metal lid and the transmit
section is mainly exposed to minimize heat build up under the lid.
CTS Electronic Components
www.ctscorp.com
Page 1
Front End Module
1/25/2007
Rev.C
Application Note
014-0010-0
Simplified block diagram
VLNA
Antenna
LNA
Rx
BPF
PA
Tx
BPF
Rx
O/P
Duplexer
Tx I/P
VPA
Fig. 2
MECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS
The front end module mechanical drawing is shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 3
CTS Electronic Components
www.ctscorp.com
Page 2
Front End Module
1/25/2007
Rev.C
Application Note
014-0010-0
The followng graph shows Tx and Rx Gain @ the antenna.
Fig. 4
The following graph shows the ACLR.
Fig. 5
CTS Electronic Components
www.ctscorp.com
Page 3
Front End Module
1/25/2007
Rev.C
Application Note
014-0010-0
THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS
Thermal management of the front end module is an important element in system reliability.
The front end module PCB has many metallized vias under the power amplifier. The PA has a
junction-to-case thermal resistance (Θjc) of approximately 9.5°C/watt. At full power, the PA
dissipates 7.25 watts of heat. The maximum ∆T of the PA junction to case would be (7.25
watts)(9.5°C/watt) = 68.9°C.
It is recommended that a hole is created in the customer’s motherboard so that the heatsink is in
direct contact with the module PCB. There is a hole in the front end module next to the PA. This
hole is to accommodate a screw to affix the module to the motherboard and to the heatsink. The
hole diameter is 2.06 mm (.081”). With the module and customer PCB fastened to the heatsink with
a screw, the effective thermal resistance will drop considerably.
For heatsink requirements, we recommend that you contact:
Intl. Electronic Research Corp. (IERC)
413 N. Moss St.
Burbank, CA 91502
(818) 842-7277
www.ierc.net
TESTBOARD
The front end module testboard is shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 6
The FEM testboard kit, VFM1004T, also comes with SMA cables for DC connections.
CTS Electronic Components
www.ctscorp.com
Page 4
Front End Module
1/25/2007
Rev.C