In addition, in North America, Designations of Across-the-Line capacitors, Antenna couplings, and Line bypass capacitors refer to the following applications: OUTLINE OF CAPACITOR CLASS RATINGS Capacitor are classified by the IEC into two categories (these designations are used by most European countries). Class Y: Capacitors used in applications where damage to the capacitor may involve danger of electrical shock. Class X: Capacitors used in applications where damage to the capacitor will not lead to the danger of electrical shock. These X and Y Classifications are further divided into subcategories as shown in the tables. (Ref. IEC60384-14, 2nd edition, 1993) Subclass Peak Voltage IEC 664 Category Application X1 >2,500V <4,000V III Hi-pulse X2 <2,500V II General X3 <1,200V I General Subclass Type Insulation Voltage Range Peak Voltage Y1 Double <500V 8,000V Y2 Basic >150V <300V 5,000V Y3 Basic >150V <150V None Y4 Basic <250V 2,500V Class X: Across-the-line Class Y: Line bypass Class X: Across-the-line Class Y: Antenna coupling Okaya characterizes all capacitors using the standard test procedures outlined in JIS C 5102, 5150, 5151. These test parameters are confirmed by a Q.A. audit and are published as guaranteed specifications shown as "dielectric withstanding voltage". Okaya performs 100% screen testing of all capacitors during the production process. These tests are subject to changes due to improvements in test equipment and procedures and are published for reference only. 5 SUPPRESSION CAPACITORS NOISE SUPPRESSION CAPACITORS NOISE SUPPRESSION CAPACITORS OKAYA's proprietary potting process prevents the outer case of the capacitor from exploding when exposed to "killer surges". Some competitive devices are designated "suitable for use with special enclosure only" by certain safety approval agencies. OKAYA's AC capacitors employ a case made of FR-PBT (Polybutylene Terephthalate) which is impervious to most cleaning processes. The case and potting material are both rated UL94 Flame Class V-0. OKAYA has one of the highest dv/dt ratings of any capacitor in its class. In many cases 1.5 to 4 times higher than competitive devices. The capacitors in general purpose series have been improved specially in AC voltage withstand characteristics by the Okaya's proprietary process for metallizing dielectric, resulting in smaller size and enhanced safety. FEATURES The design and manufacture of OKAYA AC capacitors incorporates many features which make them superior in noise suppression applications. Both single and double wound construction of the metallized polyester and polypropylene films insure long term reliability. Many series are oil impregnated to prevent annoying buzz and hum. This also provides additional protection against "Corona" by eliminating air gaps. The electrical connection to the metallized film is made via a special multi-element solder which provides excellent surge current withstand capability and a decrease in Dissipation Factor. The special metallizing method is effective in lowering the level of dv/dt at the boundary between the margin section and the active section, thus improving voltage characteristics and Corona characteristics. WINDING MELTED Special metallizing process Sharp edge General method Important point: Gentle edge Okaya's proprietary process This gentle edge performs afunction of dispersing the level of dv/dt, thus improving voltage characteristics and Corona characteristics. Part No. dv/dt at 390Vdc (V/μ sec) Part No. dv/dt at 390Vdc (V/μ sec) Part No. dv/dt at 390Vdc (V/μ sec) Part No. dv/dt at 390Vdc (V/μ sec) Part No. dv/dt at 390Vdc (V/μ sec) RE103 400 LE103 400 LE104-MX 150 LE155-K 100 LE155-K-M 100 RE153 400 LE153 400 LE154-MX 150 LE225-K 100 LE225-K-M 100 RE223 400 LE223 400 LE224-MX 150 LE335-K 100 LE335-K-M 70 RE333 400 LE333 400 LE334-MX 150 LE475-K 100 LE475-K-M 70 RE473 200 LE473 150 LE474-MX 100 LE685-K 70 LE685-K-M 70 RE683 200 LE683 150 LE684-MX 100 LE106-K 70 LE106-K-M 70 RE104 200 LE104 150 LE105-MX 100 RE154 200 LE154 150 LE155-MX 70 RE224 200 LE224 150 LE225-MX 70 RE334 100 LE334 150 RE474 100 LE474 100 RE684 100 LE684 100 RE105 100 LE105 100 RE155 100 LE155 100 RE225 100 LE225 100 LE335 70 6 OKAYA Spark Quenchers have the following characteristics which make it possible to easily use them in a wide range of applications. 1) The Overload capacity is large. 2) They are not polarized; thus can be used in both AC an DC circuits. 3) They have a favorable effect on surge voltage and accompanying oscillations caused by contact chatter. 4) They are effective against spurious potentials having magnitudes below circuit voltage. 5) They offer a high degree of protection for semiconductor devices, and as thyristors and SCRs. 6) They improve the dv/dt ratio. OUTLINE OF CAPACITOR CLASS RATINGS Capacitors are classified by the IEC into the following categories (these designations are used by most European countries) : Class Y: Capacitors used in applications where damage to the capacitor may involve the danger of electrical shock. Class X: Capacitors used in applications where damage to the capacitor will not lead to the danger of electrical shock. European Safety Agencies subdivide Class X into X1, X2 and X3 classifications. The test criteria for these subclasses is shown in the table. Subclass Peak Voltage on Service Peak Voltage Test 1.2/50 sec. X1 X2 X3 >2,500V 4,000V 2,500V 1,200V 4,000V 2,500V None RC COMBINATION TABLE μF 0.01 0.033 0.1 0.2 10 27 33 XE XEB XE XEB XE XEB AU XE XEB AU XE XEB AU XE XEB AU 100 XE XEB CRE 3CRE CRH 3CRH CRH XE XEB CRH 3CRH XE XEB XE 120 150 XE XEB RE XE XEB AU RE XE XEB AU RE XE XEB RE CRH XE XEB 0.47 1.0 68 XE XEB 0.33 0.5 50 XE XEB 0.22 0.3 47 CRE 3CRE 6CRE XE XEB 7 160 200 CRE 220 470 XE XEB XE XEB XE XEB XE XEB XE XEB XE XEB XE XEB CRE XE XEB 500 SUPPRESSION CAPACITORS SPARK QUENCHERS NOISE SUPPRESSION CAPACITORS b) Here, a common coil is used to compose a filter circuit as a means of improving attenuation and expanding band range. Applications include a wide variety of office appliances, switching power units, etc. APPLICATION EXAMPLES Electrical noise, which effects the correct operation of electrical equipment, can originate from sources both external and internal to the product. For example, high frequency noise can be generated by the rotation of a brush motor. As a counter measure to such noise, a capacitor can be introduced into the noise prevention circuitry to lower the circuit impedance. It is necessary to use a capacitor with excellent, high-frequency characteristics. This is why metallized polyester film is used by OKAYA as the capacitor dielectric in all AC noise suppression capacitors. c) This shows countermeasures against common mode noise taken in addition to the measures shown in b). Examples of Uses: a) Effective as countermeasure for low-energy noise produced by high frequencies in DC motor brushes. Applications include power tools using multi-pole brush motors, vacuum cleaners, mixers, etc. *NOTE: For applications of the type shown in b) and c), see the Noise Filter section. RATED CURRENT l = 2 fCE (A) The following is used to calculate the current for a supply voltage. Values for 250Vac, 50/60Hz are shown in the table (Precautions should be taken with regard to voltage fluctuation and permissible deviation of electrostatic capacitance when calculating maximum values). I f C E Frequency Capacitance μF 50Hz 60Hz Frequency 50Hz 60Hz Capacitance μF : Current ............................................. Amps (A) : Operating frequency ................................. (Hz) : Electrostatic capacitance ................. Farads (F) : Supply voltage ................................... AC (V) Unit: mA 0.001 0.0015 0.0022 0.0033 0.0047 0.0068 0.01 0.015 0.022 0.033 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.18 1.41 1.73 2.07 2.59 3.11 0.047 0.068 0.1 0.15 0.22 0.33 0.47 0.68 1.0 3.69 4.43 5.34 6.41 7.85 9.42 11.8 14.1 17.3 20.7 25.9 31.1 36.9 44.3 53.4 64.1 78.5 94.2 8 EXAMPLES OF NOISE SUPPRESSION EFFECTS Noise suppression capacitors are most widely applied as countermeasures to noise occurring in inverters, switching power units, brush motors, and to the full range of Office Automation equipment. 10μsec/div 100V/div B) This illustration shows an observation of the noise component alone. (Time axis 10μsec/div.) These illustrations show examples of the noise suppression effects produced with a 500W class brush motor used on a commercial 120V line. The load is driven through an isolation transformer. 2msec/div 100V/div 2msec/div 100V/div C) This illustration shows the results of noise countermeasures taken by inserting an XE474 (0.47μF) capacitor in the line. A minute amount of noise appears to remain in the sine curve, but it is not considered significant. A) This illustration shows the line waveform without any noise countermeasures. A damped oscillation wave of about 800Vp-p is visible at the instant of positive and negative peak. 10μsec/div 100V/div D) This illustration shows the same isolation of the noise at a time axis of 10μsec/div. By the insertion of the electrostatic capacitance of 0.47μF, the period of damping oscillation has become longer, but the peak voltage is well damped, thus producing excellent results. 9 SUPPRESSION CAPACITORS NOISE SUPPRESSION CAPACITORS NOISE SUPPRESSION CAPACITORS PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Endurance (XE-Z type) Damp Heat Endurance (XE-Z type) Temperature Characteristics (XE-Z type) Endurance (LE type) Damp Heat Endurance (LE type) Temperature Characteristics (LE type) Damp Heat Endurance: ¥2×WV Temperature Characteristics: -50°C to +100°C 100% Rated Voltage TEST CONDITIONS Temperature Endurance: At maximum rated temperature and at 125% of rated voltage. The voltage is increased to 1,000Vac for 0.1 second. 10 FORM Rated Voltage Safety Standard 310Vac* 275Vac* 300Vac* 275Vac* 275Vac* 300Vac 500Vac 275Vac* 250Vac* 275Vac* 300Vac* 250Vac 250Vac 250Vac 250Vac 440Vac 310Vac - Lead Type Bare Wire Bare Wire Bare Wire Bare Wire Bare Wire Bare Wire Bare Wire Flex Wire Flex Wire Bare Wire Bare Wire Bare Wire Bare Wire Flex Wire, Earth Terminal Flex Wire Flex Wire Bare Wire Forms Model Page a a a a a a a b c a a a d e f a LE-MX Series LE Series LE-K,LE-K-M Series RE-L Series PA-L Series VEA Series XH Series REB Series XEB Series XE-Z Series YF Series YE Series XYE-AN Series XYE-BE Series XYE-BN Series 3XYG Series EPC Series 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24~25 26 27 * UL and cUL, CSA = 250Vac a. APPLICATIONS b. AC Motors DC Motors Brush Motors Grinders Motor Controls Mixers Dryers c. d. Machine Tools Washers Power Supplies Automotive Lighting Frequency Controls e. Contact Protection Industrial Controls Robotics NC Controls CNC Controls Antenna Coupling f. AC Line Suppression Vacuum Cleaners Tumblers Electric Switching Power Snubbers Mechanical Switching DESIGN CAUTIONS 4) When noise suppression capacitors are connected across power lines, care must be taken that the resulting in-rush current does not cause the fuse or circuit breaker to open. Special consideration must be given to both the capacitor value and the breaker ratings. 5) OKAYA noise suppression capacitors are specifically designed for standard line frequencies and should not be used in circuits where normal operation will exceed 70Hz. 6) To prevent permanent damage to noise suppression capacitors, they should not be allowed to self-heat more than 5 degrees centigrade above ambient. 7) These products do absorb normal line surges. However they are not intended to absorb high-energy surges such as induced lightning. See Transient Voltage Suppressor section for products specifically designed for such applications. 1) When protecting switching contacts, always include a resistor in series with the noise suppression capacitors. See Spark Quencher section for products specifically designed for such applications. 2) In high speed circuits, the addition of a noise suppression capacitor may slow the response time of the circuit. For best response characteristics, do not use a larger capacitor than is absolutely necessary to suppress the noise level. 3) Noise suppression capacitors are most effective when located close to the offending noise source. Excessive lead length may cause abnormal oscillation and decrease the energy absorption capability of the capacitor. 11 SUPPRESSION CAPACITORS NOISE SUPPRESSION CAPACITORS